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Studi tentang struktur retorika dan fitur linguistik teks dalam ‘genre’ tertentu, seperti artikel penelitian, tesis, disertasi dan makalah seminar telah diteliti secara intensif oleh pakar analisis wacana akhir-akhir ini. Manfaat dari temuan studi ini, antara lain, adalah untuk membantu proses belajar mengajar penulisan teks akademik atau ilmiah khususnya untuk mahasiswa. Esai ini membahas tentang kerangka teoritis dan metodologi mengenai analisis retorika teks dalam ‘genre’ akademik khususnya dalam konteks bahasa Inggris untuk tujuan-tujuan khusus. Makalah ini menyajikan beberapa kerangka kerja dan model struktur retorika dan fitur linguistik teks dalam ‘genre’ akademik untuk tujuan pengajaran menulis karya ilmiah. Makalah ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi dosen dan mahasiswa pascasarjana yang tertarik pada analisis wacana analitik, deskriptif atau komparatif (paralel atau sebanding) tentang teks akademik. Studies on the rhetorical structure and linguistic features of a particular genre, such as research articles, theses, dissertations and seminar papers have been intensively scrutinized by genre specialists recently. The benefit of the findings of these studies, among other things, is to guide the teaching and learning processes of academic writing, especially for university students. This essay discusses the theoretical frameworks and methodological issues concerning the area of rhetorical analysis of texts in the academic genres in the context of English for specific purposes. It presents some frameworks and models of rhetorical structure and linguistic features of texts in a particular genre for pedagogical purposes. It is expected to be useful for university lecturers and postgraduate students who are interested in descriptive analytic or comparative (parallel or comparable) discourse analyses of academic texts.

Tidak semua guru dan dosen memahami gaya penulsan hasil penelitian atau karya ilmiah yang baik, baik diterbitkan dalam prosiding maupun dalam jurnal khususnya bagian abstrak dan pendahuluan. Tujuan pengabdian ini untuk meningkatkan kualitas guru profesional melalui model pelatihan induktif partisipatif dalam penulisan karya tulis ilmiah bagian abstrak dan pendahuluan. Model pelatihan induktif partisipatif penulisan karya tulis ilmiah jurnal hasil penelitian dalam meningkatkan kualitas profesional guru dan dosen bahasa di Lubuk Linggau bermanfaat bagi pengembangan profesional guru dan dosen dalam penulisan karya ilmiah yang bermutu, mendapatkan pengetahuan dan wawasan yang luas terhadap perkembangan ilmu dan jurnal ilmiah baik lokal maupun nasional, meningkatkan intensitas program dalam wadah prfoesionalitas guru melalui Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP), dan mampu berkompetensi dalam konfererensi atau seminar baik nasional maupun internasional, serta publikasi seperti Seminar Nasional MLI Cabang Bengkulu, JOALL, Wacana, Diksa, Triadik, dan Analisis Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan.

The argument quality in a research article discussion (henceforth RAD) determines the quality of the article as a whole, and therefore this section must be written as convincingly as possible. However, authors in different disciplines such as Language Studies (LS) may address this section in a different argument style. This study is aimed at investigating how Indonesian writers in LS support their findings in their RADs. There were 40 RADs taken from four different Indonesian journals in LS; the articles were chosen from the latest volumes of the nationally accredited journals. This study used a genre analysis method in which the major source of data is a collection of texts as a product of language activity. The results show that the majority of Indonesian writers use Style 1 (interpreting the research findings or suggesting what the research findings mean), Style 2 (explaining or elaborating the research findings), Style-3 (stating the possible cause/s of the research findings), and Style 4 (illustrating or exemplifying the research findings) to support their research findings. However, unlike international authors, Indonesian writers do not relate their research findings with those of previous related studies; if they do so, it is to confirm the interpretation or explanation of their research results. The results of this study may help Indonesian authors in LS improve the quality of their RADs especially when writing articles in English to be submitted to an international journal.

The argument quality in the discussion section of research articles determines the quality of the article but authors often find it very difficult to write especially when writing it in a foreign language. This study is aimed at investigating how Indonesian authors in multi- disciplines as non-native speakers of English discuss their research results in their English RAs. Fifty English RAs written by Indonesian authors in multi-disciplines published in Indonesian-based journals were analysed on the ways the authors discuss their research results and justify their new knowledge claims. The results show that, like international authors, Indonesian authors in multi-disciplines consider statement of results (Move-2), reference to previous research (Move-4), explanation (Move-5), and exemplification (Move-6) conventional or obligatory. They also consider explanation of the findings (Strategy-2), illustrating or exemplifying the findings (Strategy-4), and relating the findings with those in previous studies obligatory or conventional. The implication of these findings is for teaching Indonesian young faculty members and postgraduate students in writing convincingly argumentative discussion sections when writing RAs in English for international journal publication by including necessary moves and strategies.

This study aims to design Inquiry-Based Expertise Sharing (IBES) as a comprehensive active learning model in higher education, and then to examine its strength and challenges in enhancing graduate employability. This research was conducted by combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. There were two phases namely developing a pilot project and conducting experimental testing. In first phase, an initial comprehensive learning framework was developed by combining and integrating Jigsaw, Inquiry-Based Learning, and Knowledge Sharing as a framework named Inquiry-Based Expertise Sharing (IBES). In the second phase, the revised IBES was experimentally tested in the same course but different students using quasi-experiment method and the matching only pre-test post-test control group design. To examine the strength of IBES, main data was collected namely students’ achievement and perception. Students’ achievement was measured by the multiple choices questions sheet, while students’ perception data was gathered by the questionnaire sheet. The result shows that students’ achievement mean score in experimental group was 75.7 which is higher than control group that its mean score was 58.73. Students’ perception result showed that more than 70% students have positive responses toward the IBES in all aspects including curiosity, inquiry skills, teamwork attitudes, collaborations, interdependence, and communication skills. The challenges of IBES are the diversity of students’ background, the lack of curiosity, the lack of prior knowledge, the lack of confidence, and the lack of communication skills. Some recommendations for the effectiveness of implementation of IBES will be given.

The focus of this research is a sociolinguistic examination of the impact of gender on language use. The primary goal of this research is to analyze the implications of men's and women's roles on their language usage. This research aims to highlight the variables that contribute to disparities in how gender impacts language use. This study's inquiry method is a questionnaire and audio-recoding. This study has shown differences in how men and women use language in our society and others like it. They use only some of the same forms; instead, they use different quantities or frequencies of the same form. In a society where gender plays a significant role, language is essential in contributing to that role. Gender roles, men's and women's identities, the hierarchical nature of gender relations, and men's dominance are all factors that contribute to differences in language use. Gender differentiation does not exist in a vacuum; it interacts with other types of social differentiation in a complex way. Language and gender, on the other hand, are formed through participation in everyday social activities. In conclusion, gender and language are inextricably linked.

Argumentation in writing research articles is very crucial for showing the position of authors in a certain science field, but the social and humanity authors are still lower in skill for argumentation. This research investigated the using and impact of the Genre Based Approach (GBA) in training and mentoring of Research Article writing in improving the skill of argumentation in writing RA. The aim of this study is to describe the activity of learning and teaching by using GBA in training and mentoring of writing RA for social and humanity authors and the impact of this training and mentoring on the skill of argumentation in RAs writing. The material and steps of learning and teaching activity are adapted and modified from Widodo (2006) who stated that the rule of GBA is to prepare, focus, task, evaluate and elaborate. Moreover, Ferris & Hedgcock (2005) also explained that GBA is started from joint construction and independent construction stages when students start to write. The instruments of this research were direct observation and RAs draft analysis. Direct observing is also conducted to record every side of GBA design for teaching writing articles. To find the effect of GBA in training and mentoring to improve argumentative skills, the content analysis to the draft of RAs is conducted. The Result shows that the first the activity of training and mentoring writing RAs by using GBA to improve argumentation skills can be described from prepare, focus, task, evaluate and elaborate. The second finding shows that the participants have competence in writing argumentative for each section of RAS. Thus, it can be concluded that GBA in training and mentoring to write RAs is effective to improve argumentative skills in writing class especially writing RAs class. &nbsp

This research is aimed to find the most frequent type of discourse markers used in the argumentative essay and the differences in its use written by the first, third, and fifth semester students of English Education study program of Universitas Bengkulu. The documentation technique and checklist are used in this research. Thirty two argumentative essays written by English Education Study Program’s students were analyzed by using mix method quantitative and qualitative, along with descriptive approach. The results showed that the most frequent type of discourse markers used by English Education students is additive markers (58%). And the students have different amount of discourse markers in their writing where the third semester students used more discourse markers than the other two group of students (148). It is highly encouraged for English Education instructors to take teaching discourse markers specifically into account. It is also suggested for future researchers to further analyze the correct use of discourse markers in the argumentative essay written by English Education Study Program students of Universitas Bengkulu.

This research aimed at finding the rhetorical of narrative section based on Labov’s model and the stand-up comedy techniques which dominantly used by Jim Jefferies, Ricky Gervais, and Bill Burr on their performances. The observation checklist was used in this research. Fifteen different topics performance from each stand-up comedian were analyzed by using descriptive method, using quantitative as well as qualitative data. From the result it was found that three stand-up comedians used narrative section suggested by Labov. The narrative section is abstract, orientation, complicating actions, resolution, and coda. Also, the most frequent techniques used by three stand-up comedians are rule of three and one liner technique. Those techniques are the most effective technique that can trigger audience laughter. The last finding of this research, there are two common patterns created by three stand-up comedians based on Labov’s model of narrative sections.

This study is aimed at investigating the rhetorical structure of Introduction chapters of English master theses written by Indonesian postgraduate students and identifying the frequency of communicative moves and their constituent steps as well as finding how the students justify their research projects reported in their Introduction chapters. The research design was mixed method research combining quantitative and qualitative method. Twenty Introduction chapters of English master theses were taken from two different fields; English language education and applied linguistics, and they were analyzed using checklists. The results: (1) three moves and fifteen steps are found in the introduction chapters of master theses and three newly identified steps other than those specified in Bunton’s are also found in the corpus of this study and (2) three moves are considered obligatory moves, seven steps are classified as obligatory, four Steps are conventional and seven Steps are optional. Further, the majority of Indonesian postgraduate students tend to rhetorically justify their research project based on the knowledge gap found in the literature. This study concludes that the move and step model suggested by Bunton (2002) and modified from Swales’ CARS is effective enough to capture the possible rhetorical structure of introduction chapter of master thesis written by Indonesian postgraduate students. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan pola retorika bab pendahuluan dalam thesis bahasa Inggris diantaranya mengidentifikasi bagian pendahuluan yang memiliki moves (tahapan), steps (langkah), dan menjustifikasi pentingnya penelitian dilakukan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode campuran (mixed method) yang menggabungkan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dan instrumen utama yang digunakan dalam menganalisis data adalah instrumen ceklist. Data penelitian ini diambil dari dua bidang thesis yang berbeda; pengajaran bahasa Inggris dan fitur linguistik. Hasil dari penelitian ini: (1) tiga Moves (tahapan) dan limabelas Steps (langkah) ditemukan dalam bab Pendahuluan thesis pada penelitian ini. Selain itu, ditemukan juga tiga Steps (langkah) baru yang tidak ditemukan dalam pola Bunton (2002); (2) tiga Moves (tahapan) dikategorikan harus/wajib ada, tujuh Steps (langkah) diiklasifikasikan harus ada, empat Steps (langkah) boleh ada, dan tujuh Steps (langkah) boleh tidak ada. Selanjutnya, mayoritas mahasiswa pascasarjana Indonesia cenderung secara retoris menjustifikasi proyek penelitian mereka berdasarkan pada celah (gap) yang terdapat dalam penelitian-penelitian terkait terdahulu. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pola tahapan (Move) dan langkah (Step) yang dikemukakan oleh Bunton (2002) dan dimodifikasi dari pola retorika Swales yakni Creating a Research Space (CARS) cukup efektif digunakan dalam menggambarkan struktur retorika bab pendahuluan pada thesis yang ditulis oleh mahasiswa pascasarjana Indonesia . How to Cite : Pujiyanti, I. A., Arsyad, S., Arono. (2018). Rhetorical Structure Analysis on Introduction Chapters of English Master Theses by Indonesian Postgraduate Students. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 5(2), 143-162. doi:10.15408/ijee.v5i2.8423

The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible factors inhibiting the university lecturers or professors in Indonesia from publishing their research results in reputable international journals in English. The research used a mixed (quantitative and qualitative) method, employing a national survey and in-depth interviews with selected lecturers and researchers in five different universities in Indonesia (i.e., Bengkulu University, Padang State University, Makasar State University, Unika Atma Jaya University and Mataram University). The results show that three main factors have hindered the lecturers from submitting their articles to reputable international journals: lack of self-confidence on the quality of their own research and article, finding it very difficult and very time consuming to prepare an article in English and no adequate reward for those who can successfully publish in reputable international journals. However, the majority of them have a positive attitude toward international journal publication for their own benefits or for the sake of their institution.

This research is aimed to find metadiscourse form and metadiscourse category which are dominantly used in the undergraduate thesis introduction written by English Department students of Bengkulu University. The documentation technique and checklist are used in this research. Fifteen undergraduate thesis introductions by English Department students were analyzed by using mix method quantitative and qualitative, along with descriptive approach. From the result it was found that English Department students dominantly used interactive metadiscourse markers category and transition metadiscourse markers form in their writing. However, English Department students used of metadiscourse markers were still limited to the use of and, or, also but metadiscourse markers.

Teachers often code-switch in the EFL classroom, but the question of whether or not they are aware of their code-switching has not been satisfactorily answered. This article presents the study on teachers’ understandings and beliefs about their code-switching practices in EFL classrooms as well as effective language teaching and learning. The participants of this study came from four junior high schools in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia: five teachers with their respective classes. This research used the conversation analysis and stimulated recall interviews to analyze the data which came from the video recording of classroom observations and the audio recording of stimulated recall interviews with teachers. The results revealed the pedagogical functions and affective functions of teacher’s code-switching. The data also showed that the use of stimulated recall interviews helped teachers to be consciously aware of their code-switching as well as of their other pedagogical practices in the language classroom. Therefore, stimulated recall interviews can be a useful tool for teacher self-reflection that they were not aware of their code switch. This awareness could be incorporated into language teacher professional development and in-service teacher professional learning.

This study reviews the communicational ethics of the second semester students of the Islamic Communication and Broadcasting study program at STAI BS Lubuklinggau, South Sumatra. This research aimed to find out the degradation of ethical values in higher education, especially in communicational ethics that supposed to have a good communication skills. The research method used in this study was a qualitative method with a case study approach. In collecting data, the researchers used documentation, and messages. The research procedures were undertaken in observing and collecting forms of students’ communication through whatsapp. The researchers combined the ethics based on a quality system in contacting lecturers using cellphones. The results of the research analysis in several forms of students’ communication were classified into two categories; polite and impolite communication. Many efforts were made in anticipating impolite students in the forms of coaching and socializing the rules regarding ethics in contacting lecturers.

The objectives of this research are to investigate the emotional, cognitive, and behavioral attitudes and problems of the Diploma student of Economic and Bussiness Faculty and Math and Science Faculty in Universitas Bengkulu toward online English learning. This research is quantitative. The sample of this research was 145 students of Diploma students of Economic and Bussiness Faculty and Math and Science Faculty in Universitas Bengkulu. The data were gathered by using a questionnaire and interview and were analyzed by using SPSS 21. The findings showed that Diploma students have a positive attitude toward English in all aspects, Behavior, Cognitive, and Emotional aspect. In the Behavior aspect, the highest score was that indicated they have a positive attitude was Diploma students are always on time when online English learning. In the Cognitive aspect, the highest score was that indicated they have a positive attitude was they can analyze content in online English learning. In the Emotional aspect, the highest score was that indicated they have a positive attitude was wished they could speak English fluently. The last, problem faced by students were they lack the signal to be able to study online. The process of teaching and learning English online requires students to have a signal, so, they could connect to the internet network and there are also some of the students who find it difficult to understand lessons when online learning. In conclusion, most of the students have a positive attitude in three aspects. But, the students have to pay attention to their signals during online learning.

This research objective are analyze the common pattern in Jakarta Post and ‘Kompas’ newspaper editorials. The research method used was a mixed method. The research instrument is checklist. The procedure classifies all objects (10 texts Jakarta Post newspaper editorials and 10 texts ‘Kompas’ newspaper editorials) on the thematic progression patterns are checklist. The result shows that the thematic progression in Jakarta Post and ‘Kompas’ newspaper editorials are found 3 patterns of thematic progression; 10 texts derived theme; 8 texts Constant progression, and 2 text linear progression. The different on thematic progression in Jakarta post and “Kompas’ newspaper editorials is difference, the difference of sequence in the patterns between Jakarta Post and ‘Kompas’ newspaper editorials. The Conclussion Thematic Progression in Jakarta Post and ‘Kompas’ newspaper editorials are derived theme and Constant progression.

Reviewing and citing literature are essential elements determining the quality of academic texts such as research articles (RAs); however, it is not easy to review and cite literature especially when writing in a foreign language such as Indonesians writing in English. The purpose of this study is to investigate the review and citation style in English RA introductions published in medical science journals written by Indonesian and international authors. Forty English RA introductions were analysed on the review and citation style and linguistic features such as tenses and citation type. The results show that there are more similarities than differences in the review and citation style and linguistic features of RA introductions in the two different medical journals. However, Indonesian writers in medical sciences should include negative evaluation when reviewing and citing other’s work in their English RA introductions to be successful if submitted to an international journal.

An argument in academic writing is an essential element; it is used to convince readers that the writer’s opinion or claim can be acceptable. However, this may be problematic for university students or new writers especially when writing in a language other than their first language such as Indonesians who take an international English writing test. The aim of this study is to identify and describe the rhetorical features of successful academic IELTS essays. Sixty academic essays were taken from six different common topics with band scores 8-9 (high quality essays) and were analyzed on elements of argument following Toulmin (1979). The results show that: a) the common sections found in the essays are lead in, thesis statement and deduction; b) the common elements of argument in the essays are claim, data and warrant; and c) the common types of argument structures of the essays are simple argument structure and strong argument structure. This implies that the essay sections, argument elements and argument structure can be used to describe the quality features of IELTS essay organization. It is suggested that in order to be able to write good quality essays in English, test takers must have a good command of essay sections, argument elements and argument structure type of good quality essays

The objectives of this research are to identify the linguistic features contained in K 13 English textbook revised edition of grades X, XI, and XII published by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia in terms of sentence pattern, types of tenses, voice, and aspect. This research is descriptive quantitative research. The sample of this research is thirty-nine reading passages were extracted from K13 English textbook revised edition published by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture for senior high school students in Indonesia. All reading passages are taken as a sample, including fourteen texts of grade X, nine texts of grade XI, and sixteen texts of grade XII. The data were gathered by using a checklist and were analyzed by content analysis method. The findings showed that 1) The most common sentence patterns found are simple sentences. 2) Simple past tense is the majority of tenses used in reading the passages, especially at grade X and XI textbooks, while simple present tense is the dominant tenses found at grade XII. 3) The use of active voice dominates all reading passages at all grade levels. 4) The intensity of using the perfective aspect is higher than the imperfective aspect. 5) This result also implies that there are some differences in the findings of linguistic features from the three levels of this book. First, in terms of sentence patterns used in textbooks, at grade X the order of sentence patterns begins from the simple to the complicated one; simple sentences, then compound sentences, next complex sentences, and finally compound-complex sentences. Meanwhile, at grades XI and XII, the most complicated sentence patterns, namely compound-complex sentences, are less than compound sentences. Second, in terms of the types of tenses, the difference is that at grade X and XI textbooks, it is found that the dominant tenses used are simple past tense, while at grade XII textbooks, the most common tenses are simple present tense. these results indicate that the four linguistic features contained in English textbooks for high school In conclusion students in Indonesia need to be taught to students so that students can more easily understand and capture the meanings contained in the textbooks.

The discussion section is considered the most important section of a thesis but also the most difficult to write especially by university students. This study investigated the move-step and rhetorical pattern of discussion section in 20 English Master Theses written by Indonesian EFL postgraduate students. Following the model suggested by Loan and Pramoolsook (2015), this study found that students constructed the discussion section according to their perceived communicative purposes of discussion section. The most noticeable feature of the section is the occurrence of Move 2 (reporting results) and Move 4 (Commenting on results) occurring in all texts making them obligatory moves. In terms of step, interpreting results and referring to other studies in Move 4 are also considered as obligatory steps. The findings of this study are useful particularly for EFL students; that is to facilitate them to better understand the rhetorical structure of thesis discussion section when written in English. ABSTRAK Bagian pembahasan dianggap sebagai bagian yang paling penting dalam tesis tetapi juga yang paling sulit ditulis terutama oleh mahasiswa atau penulis baru. Penelitian ini penting untuk menyelidiki pola retorika bagian pembahasan tesis mahasiswa magister bahasa Inggris yang ditulis oleh mahasiswa Indonesia. Mengikuti model yang disarankan oleh Loan and Pramoolsook (2015), penelitian ini menemukan bahwa mahasiswa mengorganisir bagian pembahasan sesuai dengan tujuan komunikatif yang mereka anggap penting. Tujuan komunikatif yang paling menonjol dari bagian ini adalah ‘Move’ 2 (tahapan melaporkan hasil peneitian) dan ‘Move’ 4 (tahapan mengomentari hasil penelitian) yang ditemukan di semua teks sehingga dianggap wajib. Dalam hal langkah (Steps), langkah menafsirkan hasil penelitian dan langkah mengacu pada penelitian terdahuluan dalam ‘Move’ 4 dianggap sebagai langkah wajib. Temuan penelitian ini berguna terutama untuk mahasiswa magister bahasa Inggris, yaitu untuk memudahkan mereka memahami struktur retorika dari bagian pembahasan tesis yang ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris. How to Cite : Wasito., Syah, S. A., Harahap, A. (2017). Stating and Defending New Knowledge Claim: a Rhetorical Analysis on the Discussion Section of English Master Thesis by Indonesian EFL Learners. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 4 (2), 188-207. doi:10.15408/ijee.v4i2.6746

Unlike for lecturers in Engineering, Medicine, Computer Science, and Agriculture and Biology Sciences, for Indonesian lecturers in Social Sciences and Humanities including in Linguistics and Language Education (LLE), publishing research articles in reputable or indexed international journals is very difficult. The possible cause of the difficulty is their unfamiliarity with the correct and appropriate use of rhetorical style in their articles as expected by international journal readers. This study is aimed at investigating the rhetorical of research article (RA) drafts written in English by Indonesian lecturers in Applied Linguistic and English Language Education in five different universities in Indonesia (i.e., Bengkulu University, Padang State University, Atmajaya Catholic University, Mataram University, and Makassar State University). A corpus of 20 English RA drafts was analyzed on their rhetorical and linguistic quality using a genre-based method. The results show that the majority of the RA drafts have addressed important moves in each section of the articles but in terms of the argument quality still needs improvement. This implies that the Indonesian university lecturers in LLE need to be familiar with and able to argue well in their article drafts as it is expected by international readers.

When writing journal articles in English, authors are expected to comply with the conventionally appropriate rhetorical style. This may be problematic for non-native speakers of English, such as Indonesian authors who write in English. The purpose of this study is to investigate the rhetorical style of reviewing prior knowledge in English research articles (RAs) written by Indonesian academics published in English journals. Forty English RA introductions by Indonesian authors were analysed on the authors’ communicative functions and type and tense of citations when citing other authors’ work in their English RA introductions. The results show that when writing RAs in English, Indonesian authors use citation mostly to support the importance of their research topic and prefer presenting positive justification rather than critiquing or negatively evaluating other authors’ work in order to identify a research gap. They also prefer using a non-integral type of citation and present tense in citing the r...

The abstract is an important part of a research article; it is a research summary that must be attached, presented together with the research article. Therefore, the quality of an abstract is explicitly significant. This article aims to determine the similarities and differences of the rhetorical moves and linguistic features of abstracts of local, national, and international journals by Indonesian authors in the field of English language teaching. The method used is descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods or mix-methods by analyzing the communicative objectives and linguistic features of the abstract parts of research articles. The results show that the majority of Ijal abstracts have five moves while the majority of Edu-Ling abstracts have only three moves. In general, active sentences are used more dominantly used than passive sentences in all moves of all three groups of abstracts, and present tense is far more frequently used in Ijal and Teflin abstracts but past tense is more frequently used in Edu-Ling abstracts while that-complement clause in Move-4 of Ijal abstracts is the most frequently used among the three groups of abstracts. It can also be concluded that Teflin article abstracts are more similar to those of Ijal articles than to Edu-Ling articles in all aspects. This is probably because Teflin authors are more experienced in writing journal articles than those of Edu-Ling articles.

The author’s style in citing prior knowledge is an essential element determining the quality of an academic writing, such as thesis, dissertation, essay and journal article. The purpose of this study is to investigate the types and functions of citation in Indonesian article introductions written by Indonesian writers in multiple disciplines published in Indonesian research journals mainly by university based publishers. As many as 160 article introductions in education, social sciences and humanities, science and technology and health and medical sciences (i.e., forty articles in each discipline) were analyzed on their citation types and functions in the introduction section of the articles using genre-based analisys method. The results show that in terms of the use of citation types, the Indonesian article introductions are similar to those in English articles but not in terms of the use of citation function. Unlike in English journal articles, the main functions of citation in Indonesian article introductions are to support the importance of the research topic, to justify the research problem, and to present positive justification towards the information in the cited references.

Rhetorical style transfer from first language to a foreign language can be serious problems in academic writing, such as research articles (RAs). This study is aimed at analyzing the rhetorical style of Indonesian RA introductions in multiple disciplines written by Indonesian authors and published in Indonesian research journals especially on the ways authors justify their research topic and research activity and suggesting potential problems if this style is used when writing RAs in English. Four hundred RAs written in Indonesian by Indonesian speakers were selected for this study from mostly university-based research journals. The analyses were conducted using a genre-based analysis method following a problem justifying project model by Safnil [2001. Rhetorical structure analyses of Indonesian research articles. An unpublished PhD diss., the Australian National University, Canberra Australia]. The results show that: (1) unlike English authors, Indonesian authors consider establishing shared back...

The introductory part of a research article (RA) is very important because in this section writers must argue about the importance of their research topic and project so that they can attract their readers’ attention to read the whole article. This study analyzes RA introductions written by Indonesian writers in social sciences and humanities journals. It focuses on how they justify their research topics and research projects. A corpus of 200 research articles written in Indonesian by Indonesian writers and published in Indonesian research journals was analyzed in this study. Following the problem justifying project (PJP) model suggested by Arsyad (2001), the analyses were conducted by using the genre-based analysis of text communicative purpose of ‘move’ and ‘step’. The result of this study indicates that Indonesian writers justify their research project by introducing the actual research topic, identifying the research problem, and reviewing the current knowledge and practices.

This study examines the discursive structures and linguistic features of research articles (RAs) written in Indonesian by Indonesian writers with the aim of exploring how Indonesian writers rhetorically describe their research methods in their RAs. The corpus for this study consists of 51 selected RAs published mainly in university-based social science and humanity journals in Indonesia. The seven-move structure (SMS) model for RA method sections was employed. The results showed that, first, the SMS model can capture broad communicative units or moves in the Indonesian RA method section but not smaller communicative units or steps. Second, in terms of the occurrence of moves and steps, the Indonesian RA method section is generally similar to the ones in English. Third, the use of discourse and linguistic markers is quite frequent in the Indonesian RA method sections. It is believed that Indonesian writers will not find it rhetorically difficult to write the method section of RAs in English as far ...

Authorial stance is an important aspect in academic texts in academic texts such as research articles (RAs); that is to show the attitude of authors toward the information cited in a reference in order to establish an argument. The objective of this research was to investigate the authorial stances in English RA introductions written by Indonesia authors in the field of sciences (i.e. Biology, Physic and Chemistry). This research employed a descriptive qualitative method. Thirty English research article introductions were included in the corpus in this study. The results show that two authorial stances: neutral and positive stances are found in the texts but no critical stance is used in the corpus of this research. Also, four types of authorial stance (i.e., hedges, booster, attitudinal markers, and self- mention) are used in the RA introductions and the devices in each type of authorial stance are nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives and modals. Self-mentions found in this research are subjective pronoun, common noun and possessive adjectives. It can be concluded that Indonesian authors in the field of sciences already use similar types of authorial stances in their English RA introductions to those of international authors writing in English.

This study examined and compared the rhetorical structure of argumentative texts written by three groups of university students: 1° twenty Indonesian texts written by Indonesian native speakers (I.I); 2° ten English texts written by Indonesian native speakers (I.E); and 3° ten English texts written by English native speakers (A.E). Following the argumentative text analysis model developed by Tirkkonen-Condit (1984 and 1986) and Connor (1990), the data were analysed using top-down and bottom-up analysis techniques at macro organisational text level. The results indicated that the text organisational structures of argumentative texts in English and in Indonesian were different in respect of the frequency of occurrence of sections—introduction, evaluation and conclusion— and of the sub-sections of refutation, sub-claim, and induction within the problem section. Cultural differences between English and Indone-sian may have played a crucial role in the text rhetorical differences. Also, the I.E. text features are more similar to those of the A.E. texts than to those of the I.I. texts. The study indicates that the Indonesian students need to study the conventions of rhetorical structures and text features of English argumentative texts in order to be able to write good argumentative texts in English.