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Introduction: Investigating water consumption behaviors and perceptions of water sustainability among nursing students is crucial for effective resource management. This study employs machine learning (ML) techniques to analyze these factors in detail. Methods: This descriptive cross‐sectional study involved 182 senior nursing students from an accredited faculty in Istanbul, Turkey, during the 2023–2024 academic year. Data were collected through an online survey, including an information form, a visual analog scale toward foresight about water scarcity (VAS), and a water consumption behavior scale. Advanced ML techniques were utilized to identify intricate patterns and correlations in the students' behaviors and perceptions. Results: The survey revealed that nursing students primarily rely on packaged water and perceive an imminent threat of water scarcity, though they exhibit limited awareness of their personal water footprint. High VAS scores indicated a strong awareness of global water crises but skepticism about local water scarcity. The ML model identified "Domestic Water Use Efficiency" as the primary factor influencing attitudes toward water sustainability, with "Water Awareness" and "Sustainable Water Ethics" also playing significant roles. Conclusions: The study highlights the need to integrate sustainable water management education into nursing curricula and demonstrates nursing students' awareness and preparedness for sustainable practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Interventions are needed to decrease measles and rubella (MR) vaccine hesitancy/refusal among Jordanian parents during the implementation campaign in Jordan by 2023. This study developed an educational video for parents with hesitancy or refusal to enhance their attitudes and decisions toward the MR vaccine. Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of video‐based educational intervention on the attitudes of parents toward the MR vaccine and the decision to accept the MR vaccine. Method: One group pretest–posttest experimental design was used. A 5‐min MR vaccine education video was shown to parents. Parents' decisions on the MR vaccine and the parent attitudes about childhood vaccines (PACV) scale were collected before, immediately, and 2 weeks after the video, the differences in the scores were also measured. Results: The initial PACV scale score averaged 24 ± 1.5. After watching the MR education video, the PACV scores immediately and after 2 weeks were 21 ± 1.6 and 21.8 ± 1.4, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p value < 0.05). The parents' likelihood of refusing the MR vaccine decreased immediately and 2 weeks after watching the video (68% and 70.5%; respectively), and this decrease was sustained after 2 weeks (p value = 0.617). Conclusion: An educational video intervention was associated with improved PACV and improved parents' attitudes toward the MR vaccine, potentially altering the decisions of hesitant or refusing parents to accept the vaccine during the 2023 MR vaccine campaign in Jordan. These positive effects appeared to persist even 2 weeks after the intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate psychological symptoms in terms of childhood traumas, spirituality and conflict styles in women victims of violence staying in women's shelters. Background: Violence against women is a major public health problem. Spiritual values and practices are especially important for women to cope with the negative effects of violence. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in women's shelters in two provinces of the Ministry of Family and Social Policies in Türkiye. The sample consisted of 92 women who had been subjected to violence and stayed in a women's shelter for at least 15 days. The data were collected using the "Brief Symptom Inventory", "Conflict Tactic Scale", "Spiritual Well‐Being Scale (SWBS)", "Childhood Abuse Experiences Scale Short Form", and "Introductory Information Form" created by the researcher, and the data obtained were evaluated in SPSS 22.0 program. Frequency, percentage, Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis, t‐test, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used in the evaluation of the data. In all statistical analyses, p < 0.05 was accepted as the significance level. Results: It was found that 64.1% of the women in the study had at least one psychiatric diagnosis and major depression was in the first place (32.2%). According to the mean scores of the Brief Symptom Inventory, the relationships between all subdimensions except the somatization subdimension and the mean scores of the SWBS were found to be inversely significant at p < 0.05 significance level. According to the mean scores of the SWBS, the relationships between all subdimensions except the transcendence subdimension and the mean scores of the Conflict Methods Scale were found to be inversely significant at the p < 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: According to the findings obtained from the study, it has been concluded that women should be encouraged to support them in order to be able to cope with the mental problems experienced in the psychiatric sense and to realize their spiritual beliefs and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the impact of climate change education on pregnant women's climate change awareness and anxiety. Study Design: Quasi‐experimental research with pre‐ and post‐test design. Methods: This study was conducted among pregnant women who visited a tertiary maternity hospital between April and June 2023 to assess climate change awareness, perception, knowledge, behavioral and policy expectations, and anxiety before and after the introduction of climate change education. The first phase of the study was conducted by distributing a set of questions related to sociodemographics and completing the Climate Change Awareness Scale and the Climate Change Worry Scale, followed by climate change education where pregnant women were exposed to a brochure entitled "Pregnancy and Climate Change". After the intervention, pregnant women were assessed using the same questionnaire. Results: There was a significant decrease in pregnant women's anxiety regarding climate change (p < 0.001). Participants' awareness (p < 0.001), perception (p < 0.001), knowledge (p < 0.001), and policy expectations regarding climate change significantly increased (p < 0.001), while their anxiety levels decreased (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study suggests that climate change education may reduce climate change anxiety among pregnant women while also enhancing their awareness, and improving their perceptions, knowledge, behaviors, and policy expectations about climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stroke is a fatal disease with huge burden worldwide. Nonetheless, it is preventable, provided risk factors are controlled. Modifiable risk factors are associated with 90% of attributable risk for stroke. The growing burden of stroke indicates that the current stroke prevention strategies are either not used properly or insufficiently effective. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of risk factors of stroke and to assess the impact of a VAK (visual-auditory-kinesthetic) model-based educational program on knowledge of stroke among security guards. Materials and Methods: The data were collected in two phases. In the first phase, prevalence of risk factors of stroke among security guards was assessed. In the second phase, the security guards who were found to have high risk of stroke were given the educational package employing the VAK model. The educational package included researcher-developed videos on risk factors and management of stroke, a poster on Act FAST, and a card game on symptoms of stroke. Paired t -test was used to compare the means of knowledge score before and after intervention. Result: The security guards had risk factors for stroke including hypertension (12.7%), smoking (59%), and obesity (29.4%). The security guards showed improvement in knowledge score regarding stroke from a mean score of 9.2 ± 1.9 to a mean score of 16.3 ± 1.2 (P < 0.001) after the educational intervention. Conclusion: Hypertension, smoking, and obesity were the most common risk factors of stroke among security guards. The VAK model-based educational package was effective in improving knowledge of security guards regarding signs, symptoms, risk factors, and action to be taken on any sign of stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most left-behind children in rural China are raised by their grandparents, whose parenting style significantly impacts children's development. This study examined the association between grandparents' violent discipline and left-behind children's school bullying. This cross-sectional study recruited a sample of 462 left-behind children aged 10 to 15 years old (Age Mean = 12.372, 49.351% girls) from four rural primary and junior high schools in Chongqing, China. There was a significant positive association between corporal punishment (β =.236, p <.001) and psychological aggression (β =.272, p <.001) of grandparents and children's school bullying. Empathy and moral disengagement mediate the above association. Cross-gender comparisons indicated that corporal punishment had a greater positive relationship with school bullying in boys than girls (βgirls =.154, p <.01; βboys =.250, p <.001). At the same time, boys' moral disengagement was also more likely to lead to school bullying (βgirls =.233, p <.001; βboys =.337, p <.001). We discuss the implications of these findings for preventing bullying in schools for children left behind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective High-risk infant follow-up (HRIF) is a complex process lacking standardization. We present a simple, single-provider model that proved effective and is well-received by caregivers. Study Design In this study, we measured caregiver use and satisfaction with an HRIF visit attended by an experienced neonatologist in a well-care setting, soon after discharge. Results One hundred parents participated in the survey. Among the infants of these parents, 78% of infants were seen in the first 3 months of life and 39% within 1 month of discharge. Nutrition (98%) and development (97%) were the most commonly discussed topics, followed by general health (95%), iron supplementation (93%), and head size (90%). Using a 5-point Likert's scale, with 5 being the highest rating, parents responded that the meeting answered their questions (4.7, n = 93), organized their infants' needs (4.6, n = 90), and increased their confidence in caring for their infants (4.65, n = 92). Conclusion HRIF with an experienced neonatologist is an effective means of increasing parents' understanding of their infants' medical needs and confidence in caring for their infants. Key Points Meeting with a neonatologist after discharge addressed many crucial aspects of patient care. Meeting with a neonatologist after discharge was met with a high level of caregiver satisfaction. Neonatal consultation in the community may promote caregiver confidence in caring for their infant. Neonatal consultation reduced parental anxiety, especially regarding growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systems thinking is recommended, but not required, for teaching food and water system sustainability in nutrition and dietetics education. This study investigated systems thinking and sustainable, resilient, and healthy food and water systems (SRHFWS) in nutrition and dietetics programs. It examined program directors' practices, values, attitudes, confidence levels, and the relationships between systems thinking, teaching SRHFWS topics, confidence levels, and years of experience as a dietitian and program director. Conducted in September 2022, the study used a descriptive design with a validated 20-item Systems Thinking Scale and a researcher-designed survey with 1-5 Likert-type scales. The online survey was distributed to 611 Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics program directors, with a 27% (N = 163) response. Descriptive statistics (frequency or mean ± SD) were calculated using Excel. Inferential statistics were examined using R. Analysis of variance was used to compare experience as a registered dietitian nutritionist and experience as a program director to confidence levels in teaching each SRHFWS topic. Linear regression was used determine the relationship between total Systems Thinking Scale score and demographic and programmatic variables. Seventy-seven percent of program directors scored high on the Systems Thinking Scale (mean score = 65.2 ± 8.4 on a 0 to 80 scale), and more than 85% of directors agreed that including systems thinking in dietetics was important. However, only 32.1% reported teaching systems thinking. Less than half of program directors agreed that systems thinking was adequately addressed in Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics standards, and nearly 80% of program directors agreed there was room to strengthen systems thinking content. Directors neither agreed nor disagreed there are adequate Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics standards addressing SRHFWS and reported SRHFWS topics were inconsistently taught. Confidence levels were lowest for teaching economic and environmental topics. Awareness and use of resources developed by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation was low. Integration of systems thinking in nutrition and dietetics education presents promising opportunities to address complexity in the field. Applying systems thinking to teach SRHFWS may narrow the disparity between educators' perceived importance and program coverage. Enhancing program directors' awareness and utilization of Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation resources and improved alignment between practice standards and accreditation standards may empower program directors to use systems thinking to teach sustainability-related challenges in nutrition and dietetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health personnel may seek chaplain support to discuss stressors related to complex patient cases, difficult team dynamics, and personal issues. In this survey study of 1376 healthcare interprofessional clinicians, participants reported interacting with chaplains most frequently over patient-related stressors in the prior 12 months. Factors associated with chaplain interactions to discuss all three stressors included: reporting chaplains provide spiritual support to health personnel, more years of service, seeking professional help to deal with stressors, and higher levels of secondary traumatic stress. Being a registered nurse (RN) and working in a critical care specialty were associated with increased odds of interactions with a chaplain to discuss patient-related stressors while identifying as Catholic or Protestant was associated with chaplain interactions to discuss team-related and personal stressors. Chaplains should tailor interventions to promote health personnel's spiritual well-being based on patient-related, team-related, and personal stressors. Healthcare institutions which do not employ chaplains should advocate for this resource. Leaders in healthcare settings with chaplains should promote increased staff awareness that chaplains are available to support wellbeing by discussing patient, team, or personal stressors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Complex psychosis is associated with high social and economic costs. The key skills and attributes needed by mental health professionals to provide optimal clinical care to people experiencing complex psychosis have not previously been defined. A framework detailing these skills and attributes is needed to support the identification of training needs for those working with this population. Methods: A modified online Delphi method was used to reach consensus on the skills and attributes essential for mental health professionals to deliver optimal clinical care to people experiencing complex psychosis. Participants were international healthcare professionals and academic researchers who self-identified as experts in complex psychosis. Participants were asked to rate their level of agreement with each item on a five-point Likert-type scale and to provide comments. Qualitative feedback was used to modify existing, or create new, items for subsequent rounds. Results: 64 responses were received across three Delphi rounds. 167 items reached consensus and were endorsed (132 in Round 1, 31 in Round 2 and 4 in Round 3). Median score range for endorsed items was 4.5/5, with 88.6% scoring 5/5. All 167 endorsed items were included in the framework, categorised into 14 overarching domains. Conclusion: Multiple skills and attributes were identified as being core components required in the delivery of optimal care by mental health professionals to people experiencing complex psychosis. The resulting framework provides a benchmark for training and skill development of mental health clinicians at both individual and team levels to optimise effective working with this high-needs population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to generate new knowledge to improve healthcare worker (HCW) happiness. BACKGROUND: Already trending upward, HCW burnout spiked during the pandemic reaching rates of 49% to 69%. METHODS: This unblinded randomized controlled trial studied a positive psychological intervention's (PPI) impact on subjective happiness among 183 HCWs in a 644-bed community healthcare organization. The intervention had 2 phases: 1) reading The Happiness Advantage by Shawn Achor; and 2) participating in a 21-day challenge to adopt evidence-based happiness-boosting practices. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in subjective happiness was found in the intervention group compared with the control group over the 6-month follow-up period. Within the intervention group, subjective happiness was sustained by 70% at the 18-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Offering the PPI may increase HCWs' subjective happiness. The study design should be strengthened and replicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study's phase 1 was to determine the current wellness levels of RNs in rural America settings, including barriers to maintain and recommendations for wellness. BACKGROUND: Nurses are experiencing more anxiety and burnout currently than prepandemic. A review of literature revealed a gap in describing nurses' wellness and strategies to maintain wellness in rural American healthcare settings. METHODS: The Integrative Health and Wellness Assessment (IHWA) V2 2022 holistically measured participants' wellness. The survey was deployed in 2023 to 6989 clinical nurses, nurse leaders, and advanced practice nurses. RESULTS: The IHWA V2 2022 mean was 134.72. Significant findings included age, years of experience, and role. Barriers of insufficient time, work environment, and family responsibilities were identified. Recommendations involved the work environment, stress management, and healthy boundaries with suggestions to implement in rural settings. CONCLUSION: Study findings can assist leaders to implement interventions that positively impact nurse wellness in rural settings. Interventions promoting wellness are essential for nurses to meet these same needs of their patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Evaluating students' attitudes toward research is essential for instructors of any research methods class, as students' general attitudes toward research may impact if and how they integrate research into practice decision making. However, few psychometrically sound, multidimensional instruments that can be used with Master of Social Work (MSW) students exist. Materials and methods: This work used confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Revised Attitudes Toward Research Scale with a diverse sample of 396 master's level social work students. Multiple indicators, multiple causes models and a series of Monte Carlo simulations were then used to assess the relationship between various dimensions of students' attitudes toward research, their prior research exposure/training, and their sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Results indicate that the overall performance of the measure with this sample of MSW students was strong, and the factor structure was consistent with that found when evaluated with different samples in previous research. Moreover, various sociodemographic characteristics predicted scores on the research usefulness, research anxiety, and positive research predisposition subscales. Discussion: The use of this tool allows instructors to identify students with high levels of research-related anxiety and those who may not intuitively comprehend the need to understand empirical research findings and integrate them into practice decision making. Conclusion: The authors offer suggestions for integrating this validated tool into social work research methods classes to assist in developing students' ability to engage in all steps of the evidence-based practice process once in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Explore how social support influences exercise therapy participation and adherence before and after enrolling in an education and exercise therapy intervention (Stop OsteoARthritis, SOAR). Methods: Study design: Interpretative description. We sampled participants with sport-related knee injuries from the SOAR randomized controlled trial. SOAR is a virtual, physiotherapist-guided, education and exercise therapy-based knee health program that targets individuals at risk of early osteoarthritis. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were completed, and an inductive approach was guided by Braun & Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Fifteen participants (67% female, median age 26 [19–35] years) were interviewed. Three themes were generated that encapsulated participants' social support experiences that fostered exercise participation: 1) Treat me as a whole person represented the value of social support that went beyond participants' physical needs, 2) Work with me highlighted the working partnership between the clinician and the participant, and 3) Journey with me indicated a need for on-going support is necessary for the long-term management of participants' knee health. A theme of the therapeutic relationship was evident across the findings. Conclusions: Insight was gained into how and why perceived support may be linked to exercise behavior, with the therapeutic relationship being potentially linked to perceived support. Social support strategies embedded within an education and exercise therapy program may boost exercise adherence after sport-related knee injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phenomenon: Impostor syndrome (IS) is manifested in the fear of failing and being exposed as incompetent, despite exceptional professional performance. IS has been recognized in many professions, including medicine. Understanding IS prevalence and risk factors is critical to ensure the well-being of medical students and, by extension, future physicians. Approach: It was expected that IS is highly prevalent in medical students, higher in women and associated with year of study and prior clinical experience. The Clance Impostors Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) was used to collect the responses from of medical students in May 2023. Questionnaires were distributed online to both public medical faculties in Slovenia. Findings: 207 medical students (157 women, 50 men; mean age: 23.2 ± 2.6 years) completed the questionnaire (response rate = 13.1%). Women exhibited higher CIPS scores (66.0 ± 13.9) compared to men (58.8 ± 15.1) (p = 0.005). Neither age (r = 0.05; p = 0.464) nor year of study (r = 0.03; p = 0.653) was correlated with CIPS score. There were also no differences in CIPS score between students with (63.4 ± 15.2) and without (64.7 ± 13.9) prior clinical work experience (p = 0.531). Insights: The results of the present study suggest that IS can occur at any stage of medical education, with a slightly higher prevalence in women. This study contributes to the understanding of IS among medical students and calls for addressing environmental factors and taking supportive measures to mitigate the impact of IS and promote medical students' well-being and success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Excessive daytime sleepiness is a prevalent and sustained symptom that contributes to untoward physiological and psychological outcomes among stroke survivors. Mechanisms of excessive daytime sleepiness poststroke are not fully understood. Chronic systemic inflammation may contribute to impaired mitochondrial functioning and thereby reduce cellular energy metabolism, which may contribute to symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness in stroke survivors. Objectives: This pilot study aimed to assess the relationship between systemic inflammation and cellular energy metabolism to poststroke excessive daytime sleepiness. Methods: This descriptive pilot study explored the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness, systemic inflammation, and aerobic energy metabolism of platelets in 22 chronic stroke survivors. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale was used to measure excessive daytime sleepiness. Systemic inflammation was measured by assessing pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein. Aerobic energy metabolism was measured by assessing oxygen consumption rates of platelets. Simple linear regression was used to test the influence of oxygen consumption rates and inflammation on excessive daytime sleepiness. Correlations were analyzed using Spearman rho correlation coefficients. Results: Excessive daytime sleepiness was recognized in 27.3% of the sample. Systemic inflammation was associated with excessive daytime sleepiness in women but not men. We found no significant relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness and energy metabolism of platelets. However, all oxygen consumption rates were numerically higher in persons with excessive daytime sleepiness. Discussion: Systemic inflammation may be related to excessive daytime sleepiness symptoms with a notable effect among women. Future larger studies are needed to further explore the sexually dimorphic relationship of poststroke excessive daytime sleepiness to systemic inflammation. Numerically higher platelet oxygen consumption rates may indicate higher energy demands for stroke survivors with excessive daytime sleepiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) needs leaders at all levels who can address technical and adaptive challenges in a changing public health landscape. We assessed the feasibility of implementing an enterprise-wide leadership development model. Methods: In June 2023, we launched a pilot program, Learn and Lead, for nonsupervisory staff in early and mid-career levels. One hundred sixty-nine participants registered, and 149 completed at least 6 weeks of the 8-week program. We gathered quantitative and qualitative data through weekly electronic surveys and in-depth interviews. We calculated frequencies for closed-ended Likert-scale items and performed content analysis of open-ended items to assess most frequently mentioned themes. We based the pilot's design on CDC's leadership development framework to assess application of the framework and alignment of curriculum to the framework. Results: Three themes emerged: logistics and facilitation, leadership development curriculum, and making connections with self and others. Findings for logistics and facilitation highlighted preferences for course length, small breakout groups, mixed weeks, and value of staff support. Findings for the leadership development curriculum underscored the relevance of the US Office of Personnel Management's fundamental competencies to leadership development. Findings for making connections with self and others supported the cohort model and the importance of networking. Conclusions: The pilot curriculum aligned well with the CDC leadership development framework. Feedback provided by pilot participants is being used to help shape CDC's ongoing leadership development efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the small but significant protective effect of nurses' work environment on their intent to leave during the COVID-19 pandemic. It states that improving the work environment may be a complementary management strategy in addition to offering mental healthcare services to address the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms of nurses. Also noted is the likely new wave of costly nurses' resignations if there are no changes in work environment programs and policies.

The article discusses a feasibility study on the Strategies for Healthy Impact and Nurse Empowerment (SHINE) group coaching pilot program meant to check nurse burnout as of January 2025. Results show the nurse participants' acceptance of and satisfaction with the program, the hospital nursing leadership's receptivity to it and its further development, and the evidence of decreasing trend of burnout. Also noted is the need to address nurse burnout to ensure the delivery of quality healthcare.

Studies on climate change mitigation and environmental degradation suggest that lifestyle changes in high-income countries can help promote environmental sustainability. Such changes may include material sacrifices on the part of the individual. Yet, accepting material sacrifices can be a challenging task for both individuals and countries. Can publicly provided economic protection facilitate the acceptance of such sacrifices? This study examines whether social insurance generosity is likely to make people more willing to accept material sacrifices for the sake of environmental protection. Using multilevel regression modelling to analyse data on social insurance programmes and attitudes towards material sacrifices in nineteen high-income countries, the results of the study suggest that social insurance generosity has a positive effect on attitudes towards accepting material sacrifices, with some variation across programmes and social groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flashbulb memories (FBM) refer to the vivid and detailed retrieval of the reception context of a highly salient event. We examined FBMs and personal memories for one college's sudden transition to remote learning due to COVID-19. We explored whether the announcement of the campus' closure resulted in FBMs, how respondents felt about the decision, and the impacts of the decision. Employing a two-wave longitudinal survey conducted in March and May 2020, participants responded to questions regarding learning about the campus' closure and a control memory (an event from the same week chosen by participants). Participant reports suggested they did form FBMs, and FBMs were more consistent over time than control memories. Confidence did not differ across memory types. Additionally, we observed an initial strong positive response to the decision to close the campus – a sentiment that intensified over time. Lastly, participants' emotional responses transitioned from negative feelings in the first wave of testing to more neutral feelings in the second. This work offers a unique exploration of FBMs within the broader context of a global health crisis that intruded into daily life, effectively merging the typically public and distant nature of flashbulb events with first-hand, personal experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to analyse the relationship between the dimensions of the triarchic model of psychopathy (meanness, boldness and disinhibition) and the phenomenological characteristics of Autobiographical Memory (AM) in a sample of university students, examining potential gender differences. Participants (N = 260; 55.4% women; aged 18-25) performed an AM task, followed by the Autobiographical Memory Characteristics Questionnaire and the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure. We found gender differences, with men scoring higher than women in meanness and disinhibition as well as in precision, accessibility, sharing and narrative coherence of AM. Correlations showed that boldness was negatively related to the valence and emotional intensity of the memory. Meanness was positively associated with precision, sensory details, accessibility, sharing, narrative coherence, distancing and preoccupation with emotions and negatively with recollection. Disinhibition was positively related to precision, sensory details and accessibility and negatively to intensity, distancing and preoccupation with emotions. Our results suggest that psychopathic traits could predict certain characteristics of AM, highlighting the predictive value of meanness, especially regarding memory quality characteristics (e.g., precision), as well as disinhibition, concerning the emotional content (e.g., preoccupation with emotions). Our results contribute to understanding psychopathy through an autobiographical perspective, showing how psychopathic traits may shape how people remember personal events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to translate the Australian Environmental Assessment Tool (EAT) into Chinese and identify culturally specific characteristics in the Chinese context for adaptation. Background: In the context of dementia-specific care, the design of the environment is considered an influential factor in supporting and maintaining skills. However, despite the increasing number of individuals with dementia in China, there is currently no valid instrument available to systematically assess the quality of the physical environment in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Methods: This study utilized a mixed-method procedure consisting of seven steps, including translation and adaptation. The study involved focus groups comprising an expert panel (n = 17) and potential users (n = 64) of the newly developed tool. Cross-cultural adaptation was performed through Chinese literature review and literature quality appraisal, field study, and expert committee review. Results: The final version of the China Environmental Assessment Tool (C-EAT) consisted of 10 key design principles and 64 items. The C-EAT was tested in four LTCFs in China and underwent two rounds of review by an expert panel. Conclusions: The C-EAT was deemed a suitable tool for assessing the environment and enhancing the living environments for individuals with dementia in LTCFs in China. In future research, field tests will be conducted to validate the C-EAT scale and modify the EAT-HC to enhance its applicability in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adultcentrism is the tendency of adults to view children from a biased perspective, hindering the recognition of children's competence and agency. It presents a challenge for parents, potentially influencing parenting practices and children's participation in decision‐making. Adultcentrism has received increasing attention in the literature, and with its recent operationalization, a new focus has emerged. However, adultcentrism has remained unexplored in Hungary. Using the Adultcentrism Scale, we aimed to conceptualize adultcentrism in this sociocultural context and validate the instrument in a different language, both for the first time. A cross‐sectional sample of 422 parents was surveyed online to analyse adultcentrism in Hungary and identify whether adult‐centric thinking is associated with less‐positive parenting behaviour. Our findings showed that extreme adult‐centric biases are rare among Hungarian parents and indicated that adult‐centric thinking has two major dimensions in our context. Firstly—and dominantly—adults tend to think about children as 'becoming' rather than 'being'. Secondly, they tend to underestimate children's agency. The present conceptualization challenged the role of seeing children as incompetent in the construct. Adultcentrism indicated a weak positive association with parental perceptions of children's participation in decision‐making and positive parenting behaviours. However, it was not associated with negative behaviours, except for physical control. Our findings support the latest research that emphasizes that a certain level of adultcentrism is natural and presents thought‐provoking dilemmas regarding the understanding and measurement of adultcentrism in the Hungarian context. The study has implications for researchers analysing and theorizing this evolving construct and practitioners who want to improve the adult–child relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine the effects of an algorithm training booklet, which was based on Orem's self-care deficit nursing theory, specific to lower extremity peripheral artery disease, on pain, activities of daily living, self-care agency, walking distance, quality of life, and other symptoms. This mixed-method study included a qualitative stage using face-to-face in-depth individual interviews and a pretest–posttest semiexperimental design quantitative stage. In-depth interviews were conducted to highlight self-care needs and symptoms and to create the booklet. The booklet's content was prepared in line with concepts of Orem's theory. The patients were educated with the direction of the booklet and evaluated on outcomes. The data were evaluated using percentage distribution, means, Mann-Whitney U test, and Friedman test. Three categories were identified through the thematic analysis. It was determined that patients had lower pain score and higher activities of daily living, self-care, walking distance, and quality of life scores after the training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of nursing that was based on the interactive attainment model in alleviating anxiety and pain during colonoscopy. This retrospective study included 213 patients, divided into intervention and control groups. Both groups underwent normal or painless colonoscopy. Anxiety and pain were evaluated using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), respectively. The intervention group reported significantly lower anxiety and VAS pain scores compared with the control group. The interactive attainment model of nursing effectively reduces patient anxiety and pain and lowers complication rates in patients undergoing colonoscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent findings suggest that people can experience feelings of moral elevation when witnessing uncommon moral virtue, and consequently being more prone to engage in prosocial behaviors. However, people can potentially perceive outstanding moral exemplars as a threat to their self-concept due to negative social comparison and consequently derogate them. This research aims to investigate the role of group membership in predicting moral elevation and prosocial intentions when witnessing outstanding moral exemplars. In three online studies, we showed participants a situation where a person from their ingroup (vs. outgroup) (i.e. same gender; same university; same nationality) helped a stranger and then measured their elevation feelings, negative emotions, and prosocial intentions. We predicted that when moral models are ingroup members, people will show higher elevation, lower negative emotions, and will be more prone to engage in prosocial behaviors as opposed to when moral models are outgroup members. Results partially supported our hypotheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grounded in Seligman's tripartite model of agency, the authors developed the 10-item Agency Scale. Using data from three waves (1994–1996, 2004–2006, 2013–2014) of the MIDUS national longitudinal study, results from midlife adults (N = 2,717) supported a three-factor structure, corresponding to self-efficacy, future-minded planning (as a measure of optimism), and imagination. Evidence for measurement invariance, construct validity, and reliability was provided. The three subscales of the Agency Scale uniquely and positively predicted effort, persistence, generativity (as an indicator of innovation), and perceived progress. Supporting Seligman's hypothesis, sequential mediation analyses revealed that effort, persistence, and generativity significantly mediated the self-efficacy-perceived progress, future-minded planning-perceived progress, and imagination-perceived progress relations, respectively. Significant mean differences across three timepoints indicated an overall declining trend in scores of agency (including self-efficacy, future-minded planning, and imagination) and perceived progress. Collectively, these findings provide support for Seligman's tripartite model of agency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: The integration of lean management in optimizing nursing workflow necessitates the careful examination of several factors, including nurses' work efficiency, patient experience, and health outcomes. To evaluate the extent of unfinished nursing care and patient satisfaction, we have incorporated the lean management approach into our quality improvement efforts. This proactive measure aims to address potential adverse outcomes, such as subpar inpatient experiences, escalated occurrence of adverse events, and decreased job satisfaction among nursing staff. Methods: We utilized the lean management methodology of value stream mapping in a specific facility between February and August 2021, aiming to pinpoint the crucial areas for enhancing nurses' workflow. By employing fishbone diagrams, we thoroughly analyzed the underlying causes, and subsequently employed the Plan-Do-Study-Act model to execute interventions devised based on these identified causes. Interventions included: (1) specifying the time of doctors' conventional rounds; (2) changing unreasonable scheduling; (3) employing 5S management to manage nursing supplies; and (4) eliminating duplicate papers and electronic reports. Results: After implementing these interventions, the rate of unfinished nursing reduced from 73.4% to 39.6%, and that of finished nursing care during the shift increased from 38.6% to 71.4%. Overtime was reduced from 37.2 ± 22.4 minutes to 14.1 ± 3.6 minutes. The total patient satisfaction score for the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire short-form increased (P <.05). Conclusions: The lean management of quality improvement methodologies provides effective enhancement to the work efficiency of nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: The quality of health care in hospital at home (HaH) has been measured in different countries using simple indicators and clinical results that only contribute to some dimensions of the quality of health care. We sought to generate indicators to comprehensively evaluate the quality of health care provided to HaH users through the e-Delphi technique. Methods: The e-Delphi technique was performed with the participation of 17 HaH experts. The methodological strategy applied in this study was divided into the following 3 phases: a preparatory phase; consultation phase; and consensus phase. Three rounds of consultations were conducted with experts. In round 1, they were asked to identify which aspects of HaH they believed should be evaluated using an indicator for each of the following 6 dimensions of health care quality: effectiveness; efficiency; timeliness; patient-centered care; equity; and safety. In round 2, they were asked to rate each indicator using a 5-point Likert-type scale with the following values: (1) Totally disagree; (2) Disagree; (3) Moderately agree; (4) Agree; and (5) Totally agree. The criteria for evaluating each indicator were as follows: (1) The indicator is a useful measure for assessing the quality of health care provided to HaH users. (2) The indicator is clearly and specifically written and does not require modification. (3) The indicator is essential and incorporates information that can be extracted from HaH program records. An indicator was considered approved if it received at least 65% approval from the expert panel for each evaluation criterion. In round 3, experts were asked to reassess their ratings, taking into account the opinions of the other experts. The reliability of this technique was ensured through credibility, reliability, and confirmability. We obtained ethical approval of the corresponding institutions and informed consent from the participating experts. Results: Nine unpublished and reliable indicators were generated. In addition, 13 indicators were incorporated that evaluate aspects previously analyzed by other authors and/or national and international institutions, which were adapted to be used in HaH. The total indicators generated (n = 22) represented all dimensions of the quality of health care: safety; opportunity; effectiveness; efficiency; equity; and patient-centered care. Conclusions: The 22 indicators generated through the e-Delphi technique permit a comprehensive evaluation of the quality of health care provided to HaH users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To examine undergraduate nursing students' sense of belonging as they transitioned from online to in‐person learning. Design: A mixed‐method design employing a Sense of Belonging Survey and three open‐ended questions. Methods: Participants were first‐year undergraduate nursing students who were back to in‐person learning after 3 years of online learning during the pandemic. The survey was administered online in April 2023 using Qualtrics survey software. The survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and the open‐ended questions were analysed by deductive thematic analysis. Results: Seventy‐five (48%) of the 155 potential participants responded to the survey. The mean score on the Sense of Belonging Survey was 74%, a positive finding suggesting that many participants feel that they 'belong' in the classroom. Three overarching themes were identified in response to the open‐ended questions: factors supporting students' sense of belonging, factors hindering students' sense of belonging and strategies for faculty, administrators and students to increase a sense of belonging. Conclusion: Understanding the factors that contribute to or hinder nursing students' sense of belonging during this transition will assist in developing strategies to mitigate challenges, foster a positive learning environment and enhance the overall sense of belonging among nursing students. Impact: The first year of a nursing programme is crucial for student retention as students require tailored programmes and strategies to support their success. Examining and analysing the transition from online to in‐person classroom settings is crucial to identifying strategies to enhance and support first‐year students' sense of belonging and academic success. Exploring nursing students' experiences of belonging during transitions contributes to a more inclusive and equitable educational experience, fostering an environment where all students can thrive and succeed. Patient or Public Contribution: Not applicable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To assess the level of mental workload (MWL) of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in performing different human‐machine tasks and examine the predictors of the MWL. Design: A cross‐sectional questionnaire study. Methods: Between January and February 2021, data were collected from ICU nurses (n = 427) at nine tertiary hospitals selected from five (east, west, south, north, central) regions in China through an electronic questionnaire, including sociodemographic questions, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index, General Self‐Efficacy Scale, Difficulty‐assessing Index System of Nursing Operation Technique, and System Usability Scale. Descriptive statistics, t‐tests, one‐way ANOVA and multiple linear regression models were used. Results: ICU nurses experienced a medium level of MWL (score 52.04 on a scale of 0–100) while performing human‐machine tasks. ICU nurses' MWL was notably higher in conducting first aid and life support tasks (using defibrillators or ventilators). Predictors of MWL were task difficulty, system usability, professional title, age, self‐efficacy, ICU category, and willingness to study emerging technology actively. Task difficulty and system usability were the strongest predictors of nearly all typical tasks. Conclusion: ICU nurses experience a medium MWL while performing human‐machine tasks, but higher mental, temporal, and effort are perceived compared to physical demands. The MWL varied significantly across different human‐machine tasks, among which are significantly higher: first aid and life support and information‐based human‐machine tasks. Task difficulty and system availability are decisive predictors of MWL. Impact: This is the first study to investigate the level of MWL of ICU nurses performing different representative human‐machine tasks and to explore its predictors, which provides a reference for future research. These findings suggest that healthcare organizations should pay attention to the MWL of ICU nurses and develop customized management strategies based on task characteristics to maintain a moderate level of MWL, thus enabling ICU nurses to perform human‐machine tasks better. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the impact of a team-based simulation intervention on nursing students' empathy, commitment to addressing social determinants of health (SDOH), and teamwork attitudes. Topics include the comparison of intraprofessional versus interprofessional participation, the integration of SDOH content in nursing curricula, and the improvement of teamwork beliefs and behaviors through experiential learning.

Little is known about how the interrelationships among posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms change throughout the treatment. We examined changes in PTSD symptoms among women who experienced intimate partner violence and received one of two evidence-based interventions. We conducted a secondary analysis of a completed randomized, double-blind clinical trial, which demonstrated efficacy in reducing PTSD symptoms. We used cross-lagged panel network analysis to identify the influential PTSD symptoms among women who had completed either the Helping to Overcome PTSD through Empowerment or an adapted version of person-centered therapy. We examined if a symptom's expected influence, a metric of interconnectedness, would predict overall PTSD symptom reductions at baseline, postshelter, posttreatment, and 6- and 12-months posttreatment. Women who showed more significant decreases in feeling upset and avoidance also demonstrated greater decreases in their overall PTSD symptoms at postshelter, posttreatment, and 6 and 12 months posttreatment. Findings indicate that changes in symptoms with high centrality result in larger PTSD network changes observed at both adjacent and future time points. Identifying and targeting symptoms with influential associations produce therapeutic cascades, resulting in symptom reductions. Public Significance Statement: The study is the first to use network analysis among women residing in shelters with intimate partner violence. We found that changes in key posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (i.e., feeling upset and avoidance) resulted in changes in the overall system of PTSD symptoms. Findings advance the clinical utility of the network perspective by identifying how changes in key PTSD symptoms influence overall PTSD improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite research linking touch to closeness and intimacy in interpersonal relationships, few studies have explored patterns and practices of touch in men's same-sex friendships. Given the benefits of close relationships for well-being, such research is essential in a context where adverse mental and physical health outcomes have risen among men. This study deployed a novel measure of physical intimacy in an online survey of 467 predominantly White (64.9%), 18–65 year old (M = 30.8, SD = 10.6) men in the United States to capture men's subjective intimacy ratings of 62 discrete touch behaviors, assess men's experience with and capacity for physical intimacy in their same-sex friendships, and explore associations between attachment, masculinity, and physical intimacy outcomes. Results revealed significant gaps between the amount of platonic and sexualized physical intimacy men experience in their same-sex friendships and the amount they report being open to. The platonic intimacy gap was present for men from all four generational cohorts (i.e., Gen Z, Millennials, Gen X, and Baby Boomers)—though results revealed differences in gap size by generation. The sexualized intimacy gap was smaller but consistent across all cohorts except Baby Boomers. Regression models found attachment, normative male alexithymia, homohysteria, masculinity contingency, and multiple demographic factors to be associated with our physical intimacy outcomes. Differences between platonic and sexualized physical intimacy are explored in this regard. Results are discussed in terms of intervention-ready behaviors and barriers and facilitators to touch in men's same-sex friendships. Public Significance Statement: We found that men experience less physical intimacy in their friendships with other men than they are open to and that men's experience with and capacity for physical intimacy in their same-sex friendships is negatively correlated with several masculinity constructs. As close relationships are associated with positive health outcomes, closing this intimacy gap in men's same-sex friendships may help ameliorate recent, highly publicized increases in adverse psychosocial outcomes among American men—making research exploring the gap timely and socially relevant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Despite second generation Black immigrants being a rapidly growing population, they are often overlooked in health attribution research that treats Black populations as a monolithic group. Very few studies focus on how discrimination, societal pressure, and racial identity play a role in the health attributions of Black immigrant women. Even fewer studies have examined this relationship solely with second generation Black immigrant women. Research has shown, however, that increased racial and ethnic identity but decreased experiences with racism are related to higher internal health attributions in Black populations. Thus, we addressed this dearth in research in the current study by examining the relationship between racial centrality, racism stress, and internal health attributions in a sample of 123 second generation Black immigrant women. Design: Health attributions were assessed using the Illness Attribution Scale, racism stress using the Schedule of Racist Events, and racial centrality using the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses that lower levels of racism stress, but higher ratings of racial centrality would relate to higher scores of internal health attributions. Results: A positive relationship was found between racial centrality and internal health attributions but not racism stress. Conclusion: The results indicated that stronger affirmations with Black identity are associated with a greater importance of the causes of illness to be within one's perceived control for second generation Black immigrant women, which highlights the importance of examining wthin-group differences via collective identity measures to better explain health attribution behavioirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Identifying factors impacting vaccination and testing for COVID-19 is crucial to reduce health disparities, especially for rural/agricultural, low access and high poverty Latino communities disproportionately affected by the pandemic. This study examined differences in perceived barriers and facilitators (such as values, beliefs, and concerns) to COVID-19 vaccine uptake and testing intention by vaccination status and testing hesitancy among rural Latino community members in Southwest Florida. Methods: Rural Latino community members (N = 493) completed a cross-sectional survey in Spanish (86.0%) or English (14.0%) on perceived COVID-19 vaccine/testing barriers and facilitators, as well as demographics, mental health, medical history, health perceptions, and health literacy. Results: At the time of the survey, approximately 43% of participants were unvaccinated and 46.4% were testing hesitant. Significantly more vaccinated participants acknowledged keeping their family (d =.25), community (d =.27), and themselves (d =.22) safe as facilitators to vaccination (ps <.001). Among the unvaccinated participants, the most common concerns for getting vaccinated were side effects (d = −.53) and lack of knowledge about how the vaccine works (d = −.35, ps <.001). Testing hesitant participants reported concerns including not knowing where to get tested (d = −.25, p = 0.01) and less confidence in a positive test result (d = −.40, p < 0.001). Doctors and faith leaders were ranked as the most trusted information sources across groups. In logistic regression models, vaccination was linked to age, gender, education, and protecting others, while concerns about needles and side effects reduced odds; testing was driven by education, anxiety, hope, and safety concerns. Conclusion: Promoting family and community safety may be effective facilitators influencing vaccine and testing intention in rural Latino communities. Enhanced education by trusted information sources, such as doctors and faith leaders may alleviate associated concerns. Our findings may inform actions for future pandemics. Further studies should determine the generalizability of our findings across other rural migrant communities and other vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate short-term effects of the PREVention of Sickness Absence for Musculoskeletal disorders (PREVSAM) model on sickness absence and patient-reported health outcomes. Methods: Patients with musculoskeletal disorders were randomised to rehabilitation according to PREVSAM or treatment as usual (TAU) in primary care. Sickness absence and patient-reported health outcomes were evaluated after three months in 254 participants. Results: The proportion of participants remaining in full- or part-time work were 86% in PREVSAM vs 78% in TAU (p = 0.097). The PREVSAM group had approximately four fewer sickness benefit days during three months from baseline (p range 0.078–0.126). No statistically significant difference was found in self-reported sickness absence days (PREVSAM 12.4 vs TAU 14.5; p = 0.634), nor were statistically significant differences between groups found in patient-reported health outcomes. Both groups showed significant improvements from baseline to three months, except for self-efficacy, and only the PREVSAM group showed significantly reduced depression symptoms. Conclusions: The findings suggest that for sickness absence, the PREVSAM model may have an advantage over TAU, although the difference did not reach statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level, and similar positive effects on patient-reported health outcomes were found in both groups. Long-term effects must be evaluated before firm conclusions can be drawn. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Early identification of at-risk patients and team-based rehabilitation within primary care to prevent sickness absence and long-term problems due to acute/subacute musculoskeletal disorders has been scarcely studied. The PREVSAM model provides a framework for team-based interventions in primary care rehabilitation. The PREVSAM model may be used in the management of acute/subacute musculoskeletal disorders in the prevention of sickness absence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Adolescents and young adults are at risk for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behavior. This study examined intrapersonal (depressive symptoms, self-criticism) and family (perceived family functioning, parenting style, parental attachment) factors associated with reported history of NSSI in a college sample. Method: Participants included 111 undergraduate students (Mage = 20.2) from a private, nonprofit university. Data were collected via online survey. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: The final model was statically significant, Nagelkerke R2 =.40, suggesting a robust association between the predictors and history of NSSI. Self-criticism and unhealthy family functioning were significant predictors of NSSI behaviors after controlling for study variables and demographic characteristics. Reported history of engaging in NSSI was positively correlated with parent alienation, unhealthy family functioning, self-criticizing behaviors, and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: College mental health providers should be familiar with risk factors of NSSI as well as strategies to address self-criticism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Previous research demonstrates that sociocultural appearance pressures and internalization of appearance ideals lead to disordered eating (DE); however, only a subset of individuals exposed to these influences develop clinically significant DE. Identifying moderators of these associations may increase efficacy of targeted preventions for eating disorders. This study investigated whether the fear of negative evaluation (FNE) moderates these associations. Participants: 567 university students participated between November 2019 and 2020. Methods: Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing appearance pressures, internalization of appearance ideals, FNE, and DE. Results: There was a significant interaction between appearance pressures and FNE in relation to DE. Individuals with high appearance pressures and high FNE had the highest levels of DE. The interaction between internalization of appearance ideals and FNE did not significantly contribute to DE. Conclusions: Eating disorder prevention programs that address FNE and appearance pressures may have beneficial effects, particularly for university students with heightened FNE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL), the Big Five personality traits, speech understanding, and sociodemographic factors in a group of postlingually deaf cochlear implant (CI) users. Method: The study group included 81 participants who met the inclusion criteria: profound sensorineural hearing loss, 18 years of age or more, and using at least one CI implanted after 18 years of age. Some 18% were bilateral CI users. The mean age of the participants was 60 ± 11 years. They completed the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL-8D) and the Short Form IPIP-BFM-20 (shortened version of the 50-item Big Five Markers Questionnaire from the International Personality Item Pool). The response rate was 57%. Results: The HRQoL was lower in the study group than in the general population. Moreover, all Big Five personality characteristics were significantly lower than the Polish norm. The personality traits of intellect/imagination, emotional stability, and extraversion contributed to higher overall HRQoL scores, particularly for most psychosocial AQoL-8D dimensions. Higher agreeableness predicted higher HRQoL in the Independent Living, Pain, Coping, and Relations dimensions, whereas higher extraversion predicted higher physical HRQoL in the Senses dimension. Better speech understanding in quiet and noisy environments correlated with better physical HRQoL. Additionally, male gender and higher education were linked to higher global HRQoL. Conversely, being female was associated with lower global psychosocial and physical HRQoL, particularly in Pain. Higher education also contributed to improved physical HRQoL. Conclusions: In general, CI users have lower physical and psychosocial HRQoL as well as in measures that depend on personality traits. In terms of physical HRQoL, speech understanding plays an important role. It might prove useful if CI candidates and users were given a Big Five personality evaluation and an HRQoL assessment based on which they might be offered counseling or psychological intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether amplification of key words in discourse helped to memorize the words. Method: We tested the effect of 135 participants' memory for key words in the discourse after intensity amplification (0, 5, 7, 9, and 11 dB), and we also tested physiological indicators to measure attention levels in another 30 participants. Adobe Audition was used to modulate the intensity of key words, whereas Eprime technology was used to present speech stimuli and test the accuracy of the memory of the participants. Results: The results showed that amplifying key word intensity by 9 dB led to a significant enhancement in memory, whereas there was no difference in selfreported naturalness between amplification of key word intensity in the 9 dB and nonamplified groups. Heart rate and skin conductance level of the subjects decreased with amplification of key word intensity in the 9-dB group, which indicated that this promoted the memory effect by enhancing attention. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that amplifying the intensity of the key words by 9 dB is an effective strategy for promoting memory. This research provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the acoustic parameters of audio learning materials to achieve better teaching effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: Aim: The aim of this study was to study the urethral plate and glans configuration in experimentally created hypospadias in male human cadavers and its comparison with hypospadias patients planned for tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty. Materials and Methods: In five fresh human cadavers, hypospadias was created by placing one blade of scissors in the urethra and the other onto the ventral median raphe and cutting through the skin, penile dartos, and urethra and laying open urethral edges were sutured to edges of penile skin to create hypospadias. Urethral plate characteristics were recorded using Likert scale and the glans groove using the Plate Objective Scoring Tool (POST). The characters were compared with fifty hypospadias planned for TIP. Results: In experimentally created hypospadias, all urethral plates were very favorable with POST ratio being >1.5. In 50 hypospadias, cleft urethral plate with POST ratio >1.2 was recorded in 5 (10%). Flat urethral plate was recorded in 20 with 12 showing POST ratio >1.2 and 8 had <1.2. Narrow urethral plate was recorded in 25 with 15 showing POST ratio of >1.2 while 10 had <1.2. In all patients of POST ratio <1.2, ventral migration of dorsal end of glans meatus was present. Conclusions: Only 10% of hypospadias match the configuration of experimentally created hypospadias and are suitable for classic TIP. Patients with narrow urethral plates are suitable for TIP with the inclusion of paraurethral plate penile skin strip. All categories with POST score <1.2 are suitable for TIP with inner prepucial graft in incised glans bed and incised urethral plate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose: A preventative model of physical therapy (PT) care to promote activity and minimize mobility loss with aging is not routine. Performance testing and patient education are recommended to increase the perceived value of results to inform health decision-making. This study evaluated (1) the Single Leg Stance (SLS) test for an annual visit based on a priori criteria and (2) the effect of education on the perceived value of SLS and walking speed test results as health indicators. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, ambulatory adults aged 55+ completed a pre-survey, performed SLS and walking speed tests, received education about their results, and completed a post-survey. The distribution of test results was displayed with histograms and analyzed for correlations. Participants used a Likert scale to rate how they perceived the value of their test results as health indicators before and after education and their satisfaction with the education received, including a novel pocket card. Results: On average, participants (n = 152) were 64 years old (age range 55-82), 91% white, and 61% female. Walking speed results were normally distributed, and SLS results demonstrated a ceiling effect. Participants were below published norms for SLS 33% of the time and 34% for walking speed. The SLS test took an average of 3.6 minutes to complete. Binarized results for the tests as at/above and below norms were correlated with χ2 (1, N = 152) = 10.48, P = .001. The test results were significantly more valued as health indicators after education. Seventy-two percent of participants agreed (median rating 4, range 1-5) that they would be interested in PT if their walking speed results were below the norm, and 76% agreed for SLS. Conclusion: The ceiling effect disadvantages the SLS test with an annual PT visit. Education on test results and comparison to norms increased how older adults valued physical performance measures as health indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among young and middle-aged women have increased, whereas CVD knowledge and awareness remain low. Aims: The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between the stage of behavior change and awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of CVD among women 25–55 years and identify predictors of the stage of behavior change. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey of women ages 25–55 years living in the United States was conducted. Awareness was measured with the question "What is the leading cause of death for women in the United States?" Knowledge, perceptions, and the stage of behavior change were measured with the Heart Disease Fact Questionnaire, Health Beliefs Related to CVD, and Precaution Adoption Process Model instruments, respectively. Chi-square and t tests were used to determine differences between awareness, knowledge, and perceptions based on the stage of behavior change. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between the stage of behavior change and awareness, knowledge, and perceptions. Results: A total of 149 primarily minority women (n = 105) were included (mean age = 37.15 ± 7.86 years). The perception of CVD susceptibility was associated with increased intention to change behavior (odds ratio, 1.247; 95% confidence interval, 1.101–1.414; P <.001). The perception of CVD severity was associated with reduced intention to change behavior (odds ratio, 0.809; P =.004). Conclusion: Women who believed they were susceptible to CVD and did not perceive CVD as severe were more likely to report intent to change behavior, suggesting perception of CVD risk is more important than awareness or knowledge. Addressing misperceptions may be a strategy for primary risk reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale (HFSPS) is an 18-item instrument used to assess how bothersome are common signs and symptoms of heart failure (HF). To date, the psychometric properties of the HFSPS have been tested in American, Italian, and Japanese samples. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the HFSPS in a population of Lebanese patients living with HF. Methods: A rigorous translation and back-translation process was performed. Cultural appropriateness ratings were assessed by an expert panel. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to confirm construct validity, whereas an independent t test using the Minnesota Living With HF Questionnaire's scores was conducted to confirm convergent validity. Pearson correlation was performed to confirm discriminant validity using the Self-Care in HF Index Management subscale, whereas predictive validity was evaluated using the Control Attitudes Scale-Revised. Internal consistency reliability was evaluated using Cronbach α. Results: A total of 109 patients (mean age, 63.66 ± 10.55 years; 69.7% male) were included. A series of exploratory factor analyses was conducted and resulted in a 4-factor model. Cronbach α was 0.869. Convergent (high correlation with total Minnesota Living With HF Questionnaire; r = 0.762, P <.0001), discriminant (no correlation with self-care management; r = 0.180, P =.078), and predictive (significant correlation with the Control Attitudes Scale-Revised; r = −0.523, P <.0001) validity was supported. Conclusion: The reliability and validity of the HFSPS were supportive in this Middle Eastern sample. The HFSPS can be used to assess how bothersome HF symptoms are to improve their management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Burnout in health care workers (HCWs) has serious ramifications for individual well-being, patients, organizations, and health systems. Global evidence demonstrates the COVID-19 pandemic has amplified the risk of burnout. Scalable interventions to address burnout are critical to protect HCW well-being. Purpose: Underpinned by the Conservation of Resources theory, this study examines the impacts of a statewide improvement initiative (the Initiative), using the Institute for Healthcare Improvement Joy in Work (JiW) Framework, to reduce burnout and increase joy at work across participating health care organizations in Victoria, Australia. Methodology/Approach: An impact evaluation was undertaken utilizing a mixed-methods design. Quantitative outcomes included burnout and joy at work measured using an adapted Mini Z tool. In-depth interviews with implementation teams sought insights into the effectiveness of interventions. Results: Overall, 20 teams from 17 organizations across diverse health care settings and geographical locations participated. At a statewide level, outcomes in burnout and joy at work were inconclusive due to limited data. However, five out of eight teams reporting sufficient data achieved measurable improvements in one or more outcomes. Qualitative data revealed the Initiative increased workplace resources and supports such as providing "permission" for HCWs to prioritize well-being at work, improved communications between management and HCWs, and increased HCWs' teamwork and camaraderie, resulting in safer and more positive workplaces. Conclusion and Practice Implications: The JiW Framework, implemented across diverse settings, provided organizations with a structured process to develop multifaceted improvements that resulted in enhanced resources that appeared to improve HCW well-being. Compared to individual well-being support, this approach offers organization-level change and scalability potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: China has the world's largest internal migrant population, yet chronic disease prevalence among this group remains largely overlooked. The integration of the internal migrant population into the local society may affect their noncommunicable disease prevalences and become a challenge for the public health system. This study aimed to explore the association between the social integration of China's internal migrant population and the prevalences of chronic diseases, including hypertension and diabetes. Methods: This study used data from the 2017 China Migration Dynamic Survey. Social integration status was assessed using an 8-item Likert scale and categorized into four quartiles, with higher points indicating higher levels of social integration. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between social integration level and the prevalences of hypertension, diabetes and combined chronic diseases. Disaggregated analysis was performed to explore the potential effect modification by age, sex, income, and migration duration. Results: A medium level of social integration was associated with lower prevalences of chronic diseases, while the lowest and highest levels of social integration were both associated with enhanced prevalence. Further disaggregation demonstrated the relationship between social integration and chronic disease prevalences were modified by various factors, including age, sex, income, and migration duration. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that both the lowest and highest levels of social integration can significantly affect chronic disease outcomes of China's internal migrants. These findings emphasize the necessity to formulate tailored public health policies to effectively prevent and manage chronic diseases among the internal migrant population in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sleep disturbances affect about 40% of the global population and are a common issue among patients seeking medical consultation. There is limited research on sleep disturbances in Taiwan's traditional industry workforce. Objective: This study aims to investigate the correlations between work patterns, health promotion behaviors, occupational burnout, and sleep disturbances among employees in traditional industries. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data on the work patterns, health promotion behaviors, occupational burnout, and sleep disturbances within a traditional industry. The study period was from May to June 2023. Data analysis was performed using chi-square tests, independent sample t-tests, and logistic regression. Result: Data from a total of 365 employees were collected, with 63.3% of the study subjects working in shifts and 47.9% experiencing sleep disturbances. Factors associated with sleep disturbances included personal burnout (OR = 1.07 (95% CI 1.06, 1.09); p < 0.001), shift work (OR = 2.67 (95% CI 1.53, 4.65); p < 0.001), health responsibility behavior (OR = 0.50 (95% CI 0.33, 0.77); p = 0.001), and life appreciation behavior (OR = 0.47 (95% CI 0.29, 0.76); p = 0.002). Conclusion: Occupational health nurses should regularly assess employees' sleep status and provide psychological counseling services and health promotion programs to help employees alleviate sleep disturbances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study intended to evaluate patients' attitudes toward the use of AI in dental radiographic detection of occlusal caries and the impact of AI-based diagnosis on their trust in dentists. Methods: A total of 272 completed questionnaires were included in this study. In the first part of the study, approval was obtained from the patients, and data were collected about their socio-demographic characteristics. In the second part the 11-item Dentist Trust Scale was applied. In the third and fourth parts, there were questions about two clinical scenarios, the patients' knowledge of attitudes toward AI, and how the AI-based diagnosis had affected their trust. Evaluation was performed using a Likert-type scale. Data were analyzed with the Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, and ordinal logistic regression tests (p < 0.05). Results: The patients believed that "AI is useful" (3.86 ± 1.03) and were not afraid of the use of AI in dentistry (2.40 ± 1.05). Educational level was considerably related to the patients' attitudes to the use of AI for dental diagnostics (p < 0.05). The patients stated that "dentists are extremely thorough and careful" (4.39 ± 0.77). Conclusions: The patients displayed a positive attitude to AI-based diagnosis in the dental field and appear to exhibit trust in dentists. The use of Al in routine clinical practice can provide important benefit to physicians as a clinical decision support system in dentistry and understanding patients' attitudes may allow dentists to shape AI-supported dentistry in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]