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Trabalho cofinanciado pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT, no âmbito do projeto Refª FCT UID/GEO/04084/2019.

Networking is one of the four essentials of UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGp), together with geological heritage of international value, management and visibility; it is focused not only in cooperation with the local people living in the UGGp, but also in cooperating with other UGGp’s, learning from each other and, as a network, increasing the recognition and value of this UNESCO label. This networking purpose, applicable and disseminated both nationally and internationally, is the basis for this abstract, that presents an initiative among the Portuguese Geoparks: the production, exchange and use of a “LITOTECA” (meaning deposit/archive of rock samples) to support educational, scientific and disseminatiorrpromotion of Geoscience initiatives. The “LITOTECA” encompasses a representative rock samples collection of the geodiversity from each Portuguese Geopark territory and its geological history, prepared by each Portuguese Geopark staff and shared with the other territoiy, on an “one for all” basis. Easy to use, made portable and adequately prepared and labeled with a short ID, the geological samples are suitable to be used by the Geopark staff, but also their stakeholders on several activities and for different purposes, from educational activities, to general public sessions, and exhibitions. The Azores UGGp “Litoteca” includes 12 samples that illustrate the lithological geodiversity of the Azores Islands, including ankaramite, surtseyan tuff, ignimbrite, trachyte, basalt, scoria, pumice, volcanic sand, syenite and fossiliferous limestone samples. The rock collection of Naturtejo UGGp shows a good representation of the rock cycle, including 27 sedimentary (diamictites to epigenic limestones), metamorphic (pelitic hornfels to gnaisses) and igneous (S-type granites to dolerites) samples. The Arouca UGGp ‘Litoteca" includes rocE sampIes o( congIomerate, car6onaceous shale, quartzite, slate, metaconglomerate, metagraywacke, black quartzite, quartzodiorite, as well as several granite samples, incIuding the iconic Nodular Granite of Castanheira (“Pedra Parideira/Rocks Delivering Stones”). The Terras de Cavaleiros UGGp coIIection is constituted 6y 12 sampIes representative of oceanic and continental lithosphere sequences and include dunite, serpentinite, gabbro, amphibolite, mafic granulite, and gneiss sampIes, among otfiers. The Aspiring Geopark EstreIa aIso contributed to tKs nctworking initiative with a rocE collection that includes about 30 samples of various granitic rocks, migmatite, dolerite, quartz, schists, shales, slates, hornfels, greywacke, phyllite, as well as glacigenic sediments (till).

El proyecto Geoparque Minero Litoral del Biobío queda enmarcado en el borde costero de la Región del Biobío en Chile, enfocado en explicar la historia geológica acontecida en él. El valor científico, educativo y turístico es aún desconocido para la comunidad, motivo por el cual dicho proyecto busca, el hacer énfasis en la puesta en valor de este patrimonio geológico y su articulación con la comunidad. The project Mining Geopark Litoral del Biobío is framed in the coastal edge of the Biobío Region in Chile, focused on explaining the geological history of the region through its. The scientific, educational and touristic value is still unknown to the community, which is why this project seeks to emphasize the enhancement of this geological heritage and its articulation with the community.

El proyecto Geoparque Minero Litoral del Biobío queda enmarcado en el borde costero de la Región del Biobío en Chile, enfocado en explicar la historia geológica acontecida en él. El valor científico, educativo y turístico es aún desconocido para la comunidad, motivo por el cual dicho proyecto busca, el hacer énfasis en la puesta en valor de este patrimonio geológico y su articulación con la comunidad.

[ES] Se presenta el primer registro español de Phycodes noha Mikuláš, un sistema horizontal de galerías en disposición flabelliforme, restringida a las facies lutíticas del Ordovícico Inferior de la República Checa y del Ordovícico Medio de la Península Ibérica. Los ejemplares españoles proceden de las pizarras del Oretaniense inferior (Darriwiliense medio basal) de la sección de la Cuesta de Valderuelo, al oeste de Navas de Estena (Ciudad Real). El análisis morfológico permite considerar a Phycodes canelensis, definido en el Oretaniense inferior de Portugal, como un sinónimo posterior de P. noha. El descubrimiento de este icnofósil incrementa la escasa icnodiversidad conocida en el Ordovícico Medio centroibérico., [EN] Phycodes noha Mikuláš, a horizontal flabellate burrow system so far restricted to the lutitic facies of the Lower Ordovician of the Czech Republic and the Middle Ordovician of Portugal, is recorded for the first time in Spain. The Spanish specimens show a complete morphological transition from typical fan-shaped passages forming a compact subtriangular body in plan view, to rarer bilateral forms ending in fanlike arrangement. The studied material comes from the lower Oretanian shales (ca. basal middle Darriwilian) outcropping at the Cuesta de Valderuelo section, west of Navas de Estena (Ciudad Real province). The morphological study concluded that Phycodes canelensis, a composite form described from the lower Oretanian beds in Portugal, could be better considered as a junior synonym of P. noha. Its description is based on incomplete specimens lacking the generating tube and stuffed with faecal pellets (Tomaculum problematicum), only hypothetically produced by the tracemaker of Phycodes. The discovery of Phycodes noha in Spain increases the very low ichnodiversity of the Middle Ordovician shales from the Central Iberian Zone of the Iberian Massif., Este artículo es una contribución a los proyectos IBEROR (CGL2012-39471) y PICG 653 de la IUGS-UNESCO.

Se presenta el hallazgo de un gran afloramiento cuarcítico situado al este de Fontanarejo (Ciudad Real), afectado por una intensa bioturbación a cargo del produ ctor d e Daedalus desglandi (Rouault). La localidad s e sitúa en lo s niveles inferiores de las “Capas Intermedias " (Arenigiense inferior) y el icnofósil corresponde a una excavación vertical con conexiones convexas, con desarrollo helicoidal hacia el interior, que se inicia desde un punto situado inicialmente en la interfase agua-sedimento, en un ambiente marino muy somero. La mayoría de los ejemplares observados son secciones transversales d e D. desglandi conservados como epirelieves, que alcanzan la increíble densidad de 250-275 ejemplares/m2, en un área que podría alcanzar los 12000 m2. La magnitud de esta asociación icnoespecifica, tan masiva, convierte a la localidad en un referente único a nivel mundial del registro icnológico paleozoico, y promueve nuestra propuesta para que sea inventariada en la lista de los Lugares Geológicos Españoles de interés internacional, Large bedding exposures intensively bioturbated by the producer of Daedalus desglandi (Rouault), are reported from the lower part of the Ordovician succession (lower Arenigian "Intermediate Beds") east of the town of Fontanarejo (Ciudad Real Province). This ichnofossil corresponds to a vertical spreiten burrow, spirally twisted inwards, initiated from a single point in the water-sediment surface on a very shallow marine environment. Most of the recorded specimens are transverse sections of D. desglandi in epirelief preservation, reaching a density o 250-275 specimens per square meter, and extending over an area up to 12000 m2. The magnitude of this extremely crowded monoichnospecific assemblage makes this locality unique in the world's ichnological record for the Paleozoic and reinforces its future inventory in the list of the Spanish Geosites of international interest. Similar occurrences of D. desglandi in the Naturtejo Geopark of Portugal reached a maximum of 70 m2 (Serra de Muradal) and 700 m2 (Fonte Longa geosite) for epichnial records of a single bed

International Conference on Trilobites and Their Relatives (6ª. 2017. Tallinn, Estonia), The goal of the conference is to present and discuss recent progress in studies on all aspects of trilobites and their relatives (e.g. morphology, evolution, phylogeny, ecology, geography). The pre- and post-conference field trips will examine trilobite-bearing rocks from the lower Cambrian to upper Silurian., Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, España

Trabajo presentado en el XVIII Congreso Peruano de Geología, celebrado en Lima (Perú), del 16 al 19 de octubre de 2016, La clasificación cronoestratigráfica global del Sistema Ordovícico se completó en 2007, y comprende tres series y siete pisos internacionales (Harper, 2011), cada uno definido por sus correspondientes estratotipos globales de límite (GSSP). Éstos se basan en la primera aparición en el registro estratigráfico mundial de determinadas especies de conodontos y graptolitos cosmopolitas (Fig. 1), cuya lista se amplió posteriormente para la definición de subpisos informales o “rodajas de pisos” (Bergström et al., 2009). Aunque dos de los pisos globales adoptaron nombres históricos derivados de las áreas tradicionales del Ordovícico británico, el estratotipo de límite para la base del Tremadociense (o Tremadociano) se ubica en el oeste de Terranova (Canadá), y el de la base del Hirnantiense (o Hirnantiano) en el sur de China. De los cinco pisos restantes, dos estratotipos se sitúan en Suecia (Floiense o Floiano, Sandbiense o Sandbiano), dos más en China (Dapingiense o Dapingiano, Darriwiliense o Darriwiliano) y uno en los Estados Unidos (Katiense o Katiano)., Con la aprobación de las nuevas series y pisos globales del Sistema Ordovícico, concluyó un largo periodo de inestabilidad conceptual y nomenclatural para este sistema (Webby, 1988), que había llegado incluso a reflejarse en los títulos de los volúmenes de comunicaciones de sendos congresos internacionales de Estratigrafía del Ordovícico, los celebrados en Las Vegas (1995 a Odisea ovícica) y Pra (1999: Qvo Vadis, Ordovícico?)., No obstante lo anterior, la clasificación cronoestratigráfica inernacional mantiene problemas de reconocimiento en las plataformas epicontinentales someras, desarrolladas en torno a los grandes continentes de este periodo: Gondwana, Laurentia, Baltica y Siberia. En ellas suele prevalecer un notable provincialismo faunístico (sobre todo entre áreas paleolatitudinales dispares) y los fósiles que sirven de guía para los estratotipos globales suelen faltar o ser muy raros, al orresponderse sus registros típicos con paleoambientes e mayor profundidad., Este trabajo es una contribución al proyecto IBEROR CGL2012‐39471) del Ministerio de Economía y ompetividad español.

Trabajo presentado en el International Geoscience Programme Project 653 Opening Meeting (2016), celebrado en Durham (Reino Unido), del 25 de septiembre al 1 de octubre de 2016, Conulariids (class Scyphozoa, phylum Cnidaria) are relatively rare fossils which are widely distributed in Ordovician marine strata of North Gondwana and adjacent peri-Gondwanan terranes. However, Ordovician conulariids of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain plus Portugal), then part of the Gondwanan margin, have not yet been formally described or tabulated. Our examination of samples collected throughout the Iberian Massif revealed the presence of Archaeoconularia and Pseudoconularia. Pale yellowish-brown shales of Floian age in the Barrancos Formation (Ossa-Morena Zone) of Spain yield extremely rare, small attened specimens of Archaeoconularia sp. Darriwilian dark grey shales in six formations in the Central Iberian and Cantabrian zones collectively host rare specimens of at least two species of Archaeoconularia, one with ne nodes and the other with nodes that are coarse, and at least one species of Pseudoconularia. A third species of Archaeoconularia, characterized by very high apical angles, may also be present. A distinctive bed in Katian dark gray shales within the Cantera Formation yields at least one species of Archaeoconularia. Many specimens of Archaeoconularia from Darriwilian strata are in ated (uncompacted) and preserve the apertural region, which exhibits partial plicated closure of the oral end of the periderm. Plicated closure may have occurred in response to catastrophic burial of live conulariids. While taxonomically similar to Ordovician conulariid assemblages of other high latitude, Gondwanan and peri-Gondwanan localities, the Ordovician conulariid assemblages of Iberia di er from many of them, for example the Ordovician assemblages of Morocco and the Upper Ordovician assemblages of Bohemia, France and Jordan, in that they apparently do not exhibit monospeci c mass occurrences. Additionally, gigantic Archaeoconularia such as those present in Morocco have not been found in Iberia. In these respects the Iberian conulariids are perhaps most similar to those of Wales (Avalonian terrane), which likewise are rare, relatively small and occur in dark gray shales. These results extend the paleogeographical extent of a low diversity, cold-water, South polar Gondwanan/peri-Gondwanan conulariid realm, generally dominated by Archaeoconularia, which di ers markedly from the low to mid latitude, mid-late Ordovician Baltic and Laurentian realms, which were characterized by substantially higher taxonomic diversity at both the genus and species levels. Additional e ort should be extended to regions such as southwestern Libya, where collecting by one of us (JCG-M) in upper Katian rocks has produced fragmentary specimens of Archaeoconularia, Conularia Miller in Sowerby, 1821 and, possibly, Conulariella Bouček, 1939, previously known from Bohemia and Armorica., This is a contribution to the projects CGL2012-39471 and IGCP 653

Trabajo presentado en el 35th International Geological Congress, celebrado en Cape Town (Sudáfrica), del 27 de agosto al 4 de septiembre de 2016, The Valongo Formation is a rather homogeneous fossiliferous succession, 300-400 m thick, composed by shales and slates that stratigraphically overlay the Lower Ordovician Armorican Quartzite (= Santa Justa Formation) in the Valongo Anticline. This structure forms a very distinctive Paleozoic inlier in the Central Iberian Zone. The Valongo Formation is disconformably overlain by Hirnantian quartzite and glaciomarine diamictites of the Sobrido Formation (up to 180 m thick). Paleontological data from the Valongo Formation comprise a diverse record of trilobites, mollusks, brachiopods, graptolites, ostracods, cnidarians, echinoderms and ichnofossils [1], [2], [3], [4], which mainly derive from sites localized in the southwestern flank of the Valongo Anticline. Outstanding Ordovician fossils from the Valongo Formation include the famous giant trilobites (Fig. 1) and the large ichnofossils of the Arouca Global Geopark of UNESCO, as well as diverse taxa exclusive of this formation and unknown in the remaining Middle Ordovician localities of Iberia and SW Europe, such as the trilobites Valongia wattisoni, Dindymene plasi and Protolloydolithus, besides the primitive monobathrid crinoid Delgadocrinus oportovinum. The present biostratigraphical review indicates that the Armorican Quartzite facies stopped its sedimentation here earlier than in other places of the Iberian Massif, as demonstrated by the upper Floian to ?lower Darriwilian graptolite assemblages recorded from the basal 40 m of the Valongo Formation. These beds are followed by middle Darriwilian shales and slates of the Didymograptus artus and D. murchisoni graptolite biozones, the first of which dates the so-called "Canelas Fossil-Lagerstätte". Figure 1: Outstanding giant asaphid trilobites from the Valongo Formation (Middle Ordovician) at Canelas Quarry (Arouca Global Geopark of UNESCO). The upper 100 m of the formation consist of rich fossiliferous strata, bearing upper Darriwilian assemblages of trilobites and brachiopods from the Placoparia tournemini trilobite Biozone. It extends up to the top of the formation (Morgatia hupei Subzone) and ends before the Placoparia borni Biozone, which spans the Middle to Upper Ordovician boundary., This research is a contribution to the project CGL2012-39471 of the Spanish MINECO and to the Project IGCP-591.

Trabajo presentado en el XIX Simposio sobre Enseñanza de la Geología, celebrado en Manresa (España), del 11 al 16 de julio de 2016, [ES] La Escala Cronoestratigráfica Internacional, jalonada por los estratotipos de límite global o GSSP, ha venido a clarificar y reemplazar el uso de muchos nombres estratigráficos obsoletos, pero tiene el inconveniente de que carece de conexiones directas con el registro estratigráfico no marino, o con muchas escalas cronoestratigráficas regionales (marinas o continentales). Muchas de ellas pueden utilizarse, a efectos operativos, para precisar la correlación dentro de cuencas sedimentarias concretas, o en dominios paleo(bio)geográficos bien definidos. A modo de ejemplo se presentan los avatares registrados por la escala cronoestratigráfica del sistema Ordovícico, nacida de unos estratotipos británicos históricos, que no pudieron consolidarse para construir la escala cronoestratigráfica global, sustancialmente distinta. La propia evolución conceptual de la escala británica desaconseja su uso más allá del ámbito regional británico-avalónico. Las dificultades de correlación del Ordovícico ibérico y de las altas paleolatitudes periondwánicas con la escala global, también justifica la adopción de una escala regional propia, fundada en la cronoestratigrafía bohemo-ibérica., [EN] The International Chronostratigraphic Chart, defined by Global Stage sections and points (GSSPs), allows clarification and replacement of many obsolete stratigraphic names, but has the inconvenience that don’t offers a direct connection with the non-marine stratigraphic record, or with the multiple regional timescales, either marine or continental, that sucessfully work for certain sedimentary basins or within well-defined paleo(bio)geographic domains. The Ordovician chronostratigraphy is a good example of these difficulties. This system was originally derived from historical British stratotypes, none of which were retained in the redefinition of the global Ordovician scale. The conceptual evolution recorded by the British scale avoids its use outside of the British-Avalonian paleogeographic realm. The same difficulties of correlation of the global scale with the Iberian Ordovician and all the peri-Gondwanan high palaeolatitudianl areas justifies the adoption of a Bohemo-Iberian regional scale in order to provide more exact correlations., Este trabajo es una contribución al proyecto “Cronoestratigrafía del Ordovícico ibérico y su correlación con la escala global” (IBEROR, CGL2012-39471) del Ministerio de Economía y Competividad.

Trabajo presentado en el IX Simposio Internacional sobre Minería y Metalurgia históricas en el SW europeo: Nuestras raíces mineras, celebrado en Madrid (España), del 23 al 26 de junio de 2016, La minería del hierro conoció un notable auge en el norte de España entre finales del siglo XVIII e inicios del XX, en un principio para abastecer a la industria local (hornos altos de Sargadelos y de Vizcaya), y muy pronto para su exportación a otros países, hasta el desencadenamiento de la Primera Guerra Mundial. Las minas de hierro más importantes de la Mariña lucense radicaron en Viveiro, San Miguel y Vilaoudriz, que explotaron una capa de origen sedimentario con alto contenido en fósforo, lo que motivó el declive y cierre de las explotaciones a mediados del siglo XX. La datación del hierro fue atribuida en un principio al Terreno de Transición (Schulz, 1835) y más tarde al “Siluriano inferior” (Hernández Sampelayo, 1914-1951), con el amplio consenso posterior de considerar al mineral como intercalado en las Pizarras de Luarca del Ordovícico Medio. Pero una revisión en detalle de las antiguas explotaciones, combinadas con el estudio de numerosas secciones estratigráficas favorecidas por las nuevas infraestructuras viarias, permiten asociar la mineralización con un ciclo de depósito más moderno (Ordovícico Superior), lo que posibilita correlacionar la capa en el ámbito peri-gondwánico del SO y centro de Europa. Desde el punto de vista del patrimonio minero, los vestigios de esta industria se hallan en un grado de conservación desigual, pero finalmente figuran catalogados por la Xunta de Galicia a raíz del proyecto Atlanterra (Interreg 4B) de la Unión Europea.

Trabajo presentado en el 4th International Congress on Ichnology - ICHNIA 2016: Ichnology for the 21st century: (Palaeo) Biological Traces towards Sustainable Development, celebrado en Idanha-a-Nova (Portugal), del 6 al 9 de mayo de 2016, Outstanding trace fossils preserved in Cambrian and Ordovician sandstones constitute part of the geological heritage of Cabañeros National Park (CastillaLa Mancha Region, Central Spain) which has thousands of visitors each year. The lower Cambrian record is represented by the ichnogenus Astropolichnus, occurring as convex hyporeliefs, even preserving the central cylinder, or as concave epireliefs on rippled surfaces of the Azorejo Formation (GutiérrezMarco et al., 2015). Overlaying the Toledanian angular unconformity, the lower Floian “Intermediate Beds” bear unique large burrows, measuring up to 1160 cm long and 20 cm wide, preserved as full-reliefs at the top of several quartzite beds and sometimes forming prominent loops. Further up in the section, the Armorican Quartzite yield abundant traces of the Cruziana and Skolithos ichnofacies. Among them stands out a large bedding plane covered by “rusophyciform”-like Cruziana hyporeliefs, which may reflect a massmating event by their producers. Finally, the same beds yielded a very large burrow (45 cm wide) of a still unknown trace (Gutiérrez-Marco et al., 2010). In order to preserve and study these astonishing bedding planes, we made two large casts measuring up to 13.4 m2 . The concentration of a very wide Cruziana required the use of thixotropic agents on the moulding silicone and on the polyester shells prepared on-site. The resulting casts were made of epoxy resins, strengthened with woven and non-woven fibreglass fabrics and epoxy rebars, and coloured with mineral pigments (Baeza et al., 2013). The replica of Cruziana is the second largest single-piece cast in the world in the field of invertebrate paleoichnology, and is housed in the main Interpretation Centre in Cabañeros National Park as a permanent exhibition., This research is a contribution to the projects CGL2012-39471 of the Spanish MINECO and 727/2012 of the Spanish National Parks Network.

Trabajo presentado en el 4th International Congress on Ichnology - ICHNIA 2016: Ichnology for the 21st century: (Palaeo) Biological Traces towards Sustainable Development, celebrado en Idanha-a-Nova (Portugal), del 6 al 9 de mayo de 2016, Middle Ordovician shales from the Valongo and Moncorvo formations recorded temporary dysoxic environments, inhabited by opportunistic faunas that also include highly specialized deposit feeders. Resulting ichnofossils include Phycodes noa Mikuláš, a horizontally-ramified burrow complex, so far only known from older beds in the Prague Basin, as well as a large spiral grazing trace close to Rotundusichnium zumayensis Gómez de Llarena, which is widely distributed in Alpine flysch deposits. Phycodes noa from the Valongo Formation occurs as quite large, horizontally flabellate structure with up to 10 diverging passages. Specimens from the Canelas quarry (Arouca) are commonly infilled by pellets (Tomaculum), and are preserved flattened and tectonically expanded. Giant Rotundusichnium-like forms are exclusive from the Canelas quarry and consist of ?concentric to tightly spiral traces with a large elliptical outline (major axis up to 130 cm long), showing endichnial ribbons inclined to the centre of the structure. These are associated with imploded fragmocones of nautiloids preserved under them, and the trace maker harvested the microbial proliferation around them in tight centrifugal coils. The third remarkable trace corresponds to bite marks preserved in large trilobite carapaces. They have a consistent acute V-shaped outline and represent marginal breakage, usually placed in the right pygidial pleural border of asaphids, in diverse margins of calymenaceans or in semi-infaunal molluscs. These triangular bite marks are attributed to large nautiloid predators or scavengers, sometimes attacking freshly-molted giant trilobites., This research is a contribution to the projects CGL2012-39471 of the Spanish MINECO and IGCP-591 (IUGS-UNESCO).

Trabajo presentado en el 4th International Congress on Ichnology - ICHNIA 2016: Ichnology for the 21st century: (Palaeo) Biological Traces towards Sustainable Development, celebrado en Idanha-a-Nova (Portugal), del 6 al 9 de mayo de 2016, Uppermost Armorican Quartzite strata in the synclines of Almadén and Porzuna comprise thick-bedded sandstones with an outstanding ichnofossil record. A locality near Ermita de San Blas (Agudo, Ciudad Real) exposed a large top surface of a quartzite bed yielding numerous Cruziana furcifera and weathered “Catenichnus” isp. in a concave epirelief preservation. The second locality lies 1km southwest of Ermita La Cruz de Mayo, near Porzuna, also in the province of Ciudad Real. The Skolithos and Cruziana ichnofacies alternate in successive thick sandstone beds. The first one stands out by the “pipe-rock” concentrations of Skolithos that vertically grades in large concentrations of wide Daedalus visible in cross-sections. The Cruziana ichnofacies is represented by large exposures showing circling behaviour of cruzianids, preserved as concave epireliefs. These outcrops were erroneously interpreted by locals and cultural officers as archeological rather than paleontological sites. The existence of these large ichnological surfaces may contribute in the future to allow a detailed study on the behaviour of trace markers in the shallow epicratonic South Gondwana shelf., This research is a contribution to the projects CGL2012-39471 of the Spanish MINECO, IGCP-591 (IUGSUNESCO).

Trabajo presentado en el IGCP 591 Closing Meeting: A combined data-model approach to understand the Early to Middle Palaeozoic Revolution, celebrado en Ghent (Bélgica), del 6 al 9 de julio de 2016

Trabajo presentado en el 4th International Congress on Ichnology - ICHNIA 2016: Ichnology for the 21st century: (Palaeo) Biological Traces towards Sustainable Development, celebrado en Idanha-a-Nova (Portugal), del 6 al 9 de mayo de 2016, The Santa Justa Formation (Armorican Quartzite facies) is named after the Santa Justa hill in the vicinity of Valongo (East of Oporto, N Portugal). This locality is a touristic place and along the path from the St. Sabinus chapel to the St. Justa chapel there is an outcrop of thick beds of quartzite, which corresponds to the upper part of the formation (Sá et al., 2011). A large bedding plane facing the path is crowded by shallow, elongate depressions, not preferentially oriented, which represents large “Catenichnus” (ca. 20 cm long) in epirelief preservation. The best samples show a U-shape burrow with divergent arms and a fairly uniform diameter within each structure up to 10 mm. The presence of a thick-mud lining differentiate the studied specimens from “Catenichnus” contentus McCarthy and ichnospecies of the genera Catenarichnus and Arenicolites. The weathering of the mud lining favoured the removal of the internal U-shaped cylinder, so that many specimens resemble “bath-tube” epireliefs without any internal detail. Occurrences of similar shaped “Catenichnus” have been recently described from the Pochico Formation (Arenigian) of Sierra Morena, Spain (RodríguezTovar et al., 2014). Two new Spanish records with similar characteristics are also here reported from the Armorican Quartzite of the Cabañeros National Park and the Agudo Syncline, in the Province of Ciudad Real., This research is a contribution to the projects CGL2012-39471 of the Spanish MINECO and the 727/2012 of the Spanish National Parks Network.

Se presenta el primer registro español de Phycodes noha Mikuláš, un sistema horizontal de galerías en disposición flabelliforme, restringida a las facies lutíticas del Ordovícico Inferior de la República Checa y del Ordovícico Medio de la Península Ibérica. Los ejemplares españoles proceden de las pizarras del Oretaniense inferior (Darriwiliense medio basal) de la sección de la Cuesta de Valderuelo, al oeste de Navas de Estena (Ciudad Real). El análisis morfológico permite considerar a Phycodes canelensis, definido en el Oretaniense inferior de Portugal, como un sinónimo posterior de P. noha. El descubrimiento de este icnofósil incrementa la escasa icnodiversidad conocida en el Ordovícico Medio centroibérico.

Trabajo presentado en el IX Congreso Geológico de España, celebrado en Huelva (España), del 12 al 14 de septiembre de 2016, [ES] La nuevas divisiones de la escala global del Sistema Ordovícico, con excepción de los pisos Tremadociense e Hirnantiense, son difíciles de aplicar en la Península Ibérica, pues sus estratotipos de límite radican en facies y faunas de aguas profundas, desconocidas en las plataformas someras y de paleolatitud elevada del ámbito peri-gondwánico. Antes de ello, la escala regional británico-avalónica fue utilizada en Iberia durante todo el siglo XX, pero presenta serios inconvenientes de correlación vinculados con la propia evolución, conceptual y de criterio, registrada en las áreas tipo británicas durante los últimos 40 años. Sin embargo, la escala regional bohemo-ibérica es la que actualmente aporta una mayor precisión a las correlaciones, pues se basa en elementos bioestratigráficos y biocronológicos de distribución común a todo el margen peri-gondwánico europeo y norteafricano, y la que mantiene vínculos episódicos con otras escalas regionales, que permitirán resolver progresivamente las equivalencias con la escala global, [EN] The new divisions from the global scale for the Ordovician System, except for the Tremadocian and Hirnantian stages, are difficult to correlate in the Iberian Ordovician, because their GSSPs involve deep-water facies and faunas not recorded in the shallow, high-paleolatitudinal settings of the peri-Gondwanan area. Previously to the Global scale, the British-Avalonian regional scale had been widely adopted in the Iberian Ordovician during all the 20th Century, but there are serious correlation problems due to the former’s conceptual evolution and variable criteria used for the British type areas during the last 40 years. However, the use of the Bohemo-Iberian scale instead, provides better precision to Iberian correlations, because it is based in some local biostratigraphical and biochronological markers, widely recorded over an extensive area of the European and North African peri-Gondwanan margin. The Bohemo-Iberian scale shows episodic links with other regional scales, which will provide indirect correlations also with the global Ordovician scale., Este trabajo es una contribución al proyecto IBEROR (CGL2012-39471) del MINECO.

Trabajo presentado en el IX Congreso Geológico de España, celebrado en Huelva (España), del 12 al 14 de septiembre de 2016, [ES] Se presenta el caso de los peruanos Klaus Hönninger Mitrani y Carlos A. Vildoso Morales, considerados como paleontólogos de prestigio en los medios de comunicación de su país. Ambos lideran empresas de apariencia institucional, el llamado “Museo Paleontológico Meyer-Hönninger” y el “Instituto Peruano de Estudios en Paleovertebrados”, respectivamente. Las actividades de “investigación científica” del primero han sido prácticamente desactivadas por las autoridades del Ministerio de Cultura, tras exigirle permisos de prospección, y también por la denuncia pública de fraude en el I Simposio Internacional Paleontología del Perú (Lima, 2013). Sin embargo, las operaciones del segundo, quien esgrime una falsa titulación en Paleontología por la Universidad de La Plata (Argentina), han experimentado un incremento sustantivo, con contratos sobre patrimonio paleontológico suscritos con la organización del rally Dakar 2014 y compañías mineras, hasta el punto de que C.A. Vildoso ostenta actualmente el cargo de presidente del comité organizador del IX Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología., [EN] The case of Klaus Hönninger Mitrani and Carlos A. Vildoso Morales from Peru, considered prestigious palaeontologists by the media in their country is discussed here. They both lead official-looking businesses, the “Meyer-Hönninger Palaeontological Museum” and the “Peruvian Institute of Palaeovertebrate Studies”, respectively. The “scientific research” activities of the former have been basically desactivated by authorities of the Ministry of Culture, after requiring it to obtain prospection permits, and after a public complaint for fraud in the First International Simposium of Palaeontology of Peru (Lima, 2013). However, the dealings of the latter, who claims to have a title on Palaeontology from the University of La Plata (Argentina), which is fake, has experienced a considerable increase, with palaeontological heritage contracts with the organization of the 2014 Dakar Rally and mining companies. The prominence of the position he has attained is such that he is the President of the Organising Committee of the IX Latinamerican Palaeontological Congress.

Comunicación presentada en STRATI 2015, 2 International Congress on Stratigraphy, 19. - 23. July 2015, Graz, Austria

Comunicación presentada en STRATI 2015, 2 International Congress on Stratigraphy, 19. - 23. July 2015, Graz, Austria

This research is a contribution to the projects CGL2012-39471 of the Spanish MINECO, RALI 197 of the French ANR, CAR/2014 (University of Cagliari, Italy) and IGCP 591 (IUGS-UNESCO).