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The microbiocenosis of periodontal recesses was studied and an assessment of the innate immunity mechanisms, as well as profiles of inflammatory cytokines were carried out in 114 people of middle, elderly and senile age with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP). It was found that periodontal recesses mikrobiocenosis of patients with CGP of various ages was mainly presented by conditionally pathogenic bacterial and fungal microflora. There were identified the inefficient mechanisms of immune inflammation in case of conditionally pathogenic microflora, the reduction of neutrophils functional properties, and the increasing part of destructed phagocytazing neutrophils in patients of elderly and senile age. The immunosuppression in patients of elderly and senile age appears in insufficient production of IL-1beta, IL-8, resulting in reduced activity of phagocytosis mechanisms and lymphoid cells functional activity. Thus, the differences in etiopatogenetic microflora, immune homeostasis status in patients with CGP in middle, elderly and senile age, complexity in the application of antibacterial drugs require the development of new criteria for the selection of antibacterial drugs.

The article discusses the data of a study aimed at the impact of the metabolic syndrome on arrhythmias in elderly women. Analysis of the data showed that supraventricular arrhythmias were detected in most part of elderly women, ventricular arrhythmias a few less. The share of prognostically unfavorable arrhythmias is small, but they develop linked to the metabolic changes, and dangerous ventricular arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation develop more often in patients with metabolic syndrome.

The research analyzes diagnostic TMJ's disease's identification work of stomalogists owned to different types of day care properties (municipal, departmental, private). This research based on examination of primary medical records of 1906 patients aged 61 to 89 years, including 2978 prescribing lists made by stomatologists - orthopedists to dental outpatient's card. This research shows that in case of outpatient conditions in the primary examination of patients of elderly and senile age stomatologists pay attention to joint pathology in the presence of acute patients' complaints, caused by TMJ's displacement, arthritis, painful TMJ's dysfunction or pronounced sound phenomena of TMJ. Stomatologists examine TMJ's pathology more particularly. The TMJ's pathology complicates the tooth replacement made to patients contrary to absence of indications of disease presence in primary medical records. The prepared conclusion and recommendations allow improving the outpatient diagnosis of TMJ's pathology.

The diagnostic possibilities of chemiluminescence's intensity research for premature senescence prognosis are described in this article. The definition of chemiluminescence's intensity enables to reveal the individuals stable to processes of premature senescence in the model of acute radiation.

In the above study, the comparison of efficiency of complex treatment of elderly and senile patients with fractures of mandibula has been carried out. After osteosynthesis of mandibula with mini-plates, frequency of development of traumatic osteomyelitis in these patients was lower than that after osteosynthesis by means of bone suture, especially in the group of patients who were admitted with signs of inflammation of osteal wound, where traumatic osteomyelitis developed 3 times less often than after osteosynthesis with bone suture. At bilateral fractures of mandibula, osteosynthesis with bone suture is not prescribed to the elderly patients who are admitted with signs of inflammation of osteal wound. Application of mini-plates for osteosynthesis at fractures of mandibula in the elderly patients enabled to restore mandibula motion and chewing function within much earlier terms.

Perimenopausal disorders are one of important problems of medico-biological, psychosocial and socio-cultural life of women entered the perimenopausal period (climacteric). The women of perimenopausal age within the biopsychosocial approach were surveyed, thus the basic group of the surveyed was made by 416 women at the age of 42-55 years with implications of a climacteric syndrome, and the control group was made by 138 women with a normal current the perimenopausal period. The revealed psychosomatic disorders have a multifactorial (biopsychosocial) genesis in more than 70% of women of different age groups with perimenopausal disorders. The analysis of pathogenetic conditions of formation perimenopausal disorders in women has shown interrelation of hereditary, perinatal, psychological and family-social factors.

A comprehensive treatment with Likopid of chronic generalized parodontitis in 114 elderly and senile patients was carried out. The state of mechanisms of innate immunity (phagocytosis mechanisms) as well as the profile of proinflammatory cytokines was assessed. The effect of antibiotic-resistant strains of prior microflora on the combined therapy of patients of different age with chronic generalized parodontitis was studied. It is established that due to presence of various types of opportunistic pathogens in patients of different age with parodontitis using the prophylactic antibiotics for the empirical (to determine the antibiotic resistance), a combination of Metronidazole and Lincomycin with the mandatory appointment of immunomodulatory drugs for activation of monocyte-phagocytic system of the patient elderly is most advisable. Use of the drug , "Likopid" significantly improves the results of treatment the elderly and old patients with chronic generalized parodonthitis.

The effect of 20 coded amino acids and synthetic bioregulatory tripeptides, in the effective concentration 0.05 ng/ml, was investigated in organotypic tissue culture on the cell proliferation development in the cartilage tissue explants in young 3 and old 24 months old rats. The number of the amino acid stimulated proliferation was decreased in the tissue culture from the old rats in 6 times, as compared to the young rats. The tripeptides demonstrated the stimulated proliferation effect in the tissue culture both from the young and old animals, what is a base for the further study as the geroprotective preparations.

Biological effect of natural tetrapeptide Lys-Glu-Asp-Trp-NH(2)was evaluated during the ontogeny and in experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (a model of rapid experimental aging) by the sum of metabolic parameters characterizing apoptosis.

The study of the geriatric properties of the bioantioxidant complex "Neovitin" received from a biomass of ginseng, against formation of radio gene tumors was continued. The preparation was applied to the laboratory animals exposed to chronic gamma irradiation by low doses, by all period of irradiation and thirty days in the post beam period. The expressed anticancerogenic effect of "Neovitin", reducing formation of radio gene tumors, including malignant, as well as reduction of a spectrum of new growths were proved.

This article presents the data of epidemiological inspection of 1000 persons of average, elderly and senile age. Prevalence and intensity of a current of the basic stomatologic diseases (caries, pathology of a paradont and a mucous membrane of an oral cavity, a temporal-mandibular joint and chewing muscles) have been studied. Indicators of need of people of various age groups in tooth prosthetics are established. Level of rendering the stomatologic help is defined to be insufficient in groups of people of elderly and senile age. Recommendations aimed at improvement of stomatologic help to people of elderly and senile age are made.

The effect of 20 coded amino acids in concentration 10(-12) M was investigated in organotypic tissue culture on the cell proliferation development in myocardium, pancreas, brain cortex tissue (the tissues of meso-, ento- and ectodermal genesis accordingly) explants in 3- and 24-months old rats. The different effect was observed in the tissues of different genesis. The group of low molecular mass hydrophile amino acids with the charge chains stimulated the cell proliferation in the young and old rats. The other group of high molecular mass hydrophobe amino acids stimulated the cell proliferation in the young and old rats brain cortex. The number of active amino acids decreased significantly in the old rats--2 times in the entodermal tissues and 4 times in the meso- and ectodermal tissues, reflecting the disturbances of the amino acid transport by aging.

Aging is associated with reduction of protein synthesis in cells, which leads to deceleration of proliferative processes in various tissues. Recovery of damaged skin sites was stimulated with a peptide bioregulator chondrolux. This agent is based on an extract from calf cartilage and bone tissue. Its effect on healing of excision wounds was studied in old rabbits. Morphological analysis of the wound surface during various periods of healing was carried out by electron microscopy. The results indicate that chondrolux application to the wound surface stimulated and optimized the reparative process. Active development of granulation tissue was observed as early as on day 14 after wound infliction (vs. days 21-28 in control animals). Acceleration of wound healing was paralleled by an increase in functional activities of fibroblast organelles.

The paper describes the results of the morphological study of the bone tissue repair process in young and old animals on the model of bone skeleton damage. The defect of the cortical bone was reached by means of bringing in a teflon fistula to make a tunnel surrounded by bone tissue, providing condition for studying the character of bone marrow elements migration to the created hollow space. Repair processes in the bone tissue of old animals were found to elapse much slower than in young ones. However, administration of embryonic cartilaginous and bone tissue extracts into the area of bone defect in old animals facilitated the process of bone tissue repair. The obtained results may serve as a prerequisite for the development of methods for optimization of rehabilitation in old and senile patients with fractures of cortical bones.

The article presents the data of the clinical study aimed at the search for effective means of treatment and prophylaxis of complications for female ischemic heart disease patients of senior age groups. Analysis of the study results shows that the administration of Epithalamin pineal gland peptide medication to middle-aged and elderly women with ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension improves lipid metabolism and reduces the diurnal arterial pressure level, thus decreasing the risk of fatal cardiovascular complications.

Plastic repair of the trephination hole in the parietal bone with syngeneic cartilage was carried out in old rabbits. The ossification process eventuated in the formation of a callus by day 28 postoperation, while in control animals bone tissue defect still persisted during this period.

The medico-social significance of ischemic brain lesions, which are the most frequent cause of disablement and death in older people, stipulates the need for efficient means of prevention and correction of central nervous system disorders in case of ischemic brain lesions. The efficacy of Deltaran in the correction of disordered neuromediator balance in the brain of rats of different age groups was studied on the model of carotid arteries occlusion. Studies showed, that Deltaran exerts an anti-stress effect on old rats with left-side profile by altering the neuromediators' distribution in animals' brain under conditions of hypoxia. This enables to recommend Deltaran for further study as a neuroprotector.

The wide spread of osteoporosis in women in the post-menopausal period stipulates the need for new effective means of prevention and correction of pathologic alterations in the bone tissue. Effect of two peptide bioregulators: cartilages preparation based on the cartilaginous tissue extract and T-31 substance on the mineral density of rat bone tissue has been studied in the experimental model of osteoporosis. The study has revealed an osteoprotective effect of both studied substances, with significantly higher efficacy of the preparation based on cartilaginous tissue extract. The substances exerted both prophylactic effect on the status of the cartilaginous tissue, preventing the decrease of mineral density of the bone tissue in rats after ovariectomy, and corrective effect by increasing the bone tissue density, which was reduced as a result of ovariectomy.

The necessity of the correction of age-related skin resources reduction triggers search for most physiological means and methods to regulate reparative processes in the skin. It is known that regulation of cellular proliferation processes in tissues of the organism takes place under the effect of different peptides. We have carried out a screening study of the effect of different peptides on skin cells in organotypical skin culture. This study revealed the most effective substances to correct age-related changes in the skin.

The article presents a short review of the published data devoted to the age-related alterations of oral mucosa in the last decade.

The hypogonadal status of hemigonadectomised male rats has been choseh as a model of age-related sexual function decline in animals. The effect of dipeptide Vilon on parameters of sexual function and neuroendocrine status was studied. The results showed that regular introduction of Vilon in a dose of 50 microg per rat activates sexual function in old male rats. The obtained data confirm that Vilon significantly affects neuroendocrine status of animals, as well as the level of LH, prolactin and ACTH and changes the content of neurotransmitters in hypothalamus. We consider the changes in sexual function caused by Vilon not relate to change in one parameter only, but are mediated by a set of neuroendocrine and neuromediatorial factors. Significant decrease in prolactin content in blood is worthy of notice, as age-related hypersecretion of this hormone is one of the main factors leading to age-related sexual function decline.

It was revealed that patients suffering from the diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM-1) on the stage of destabilization report accelerated blood coagulability, decreased content of natural anticoagulators (antithrombin III and protein C), increased concentration of fibrogene and soluble fibrinmonomer complexes and reduced fibrinolysis. The obtained data testify the development of chronic form of DIC syndrome, moreover there is a correlation between the age of the patient, the severity of the disease, insulin dose, presence and severity of the complications on the one hand and the intensity of DIC syndrome on the other hand. Generally accepted treatment of the DM-1 patients doesn't exert considerable effect on the processes of intravascular blood coagulation. Meanwhile administration of thymomimetic Vilon (Lys-Glu) in these patients significantly reduces or even totally diminishes DIC syndrome. In elderly patients with severe form of the disease the effect of Vilon on coagulative hemostasis and blood fibrinolytic activity is less pronounced.

The aim of the study was estimation of mediointimal hyperplasia of carotid artery for diagnosis of atherosclerosis in old people. 168 patients (94 male and 74 female) were in ultrasound investigation (Aloka 1100 in B-mode) of carotid, femoral arteries and abdominal aorta. Age 60-99 years old, mean 68.3. High level of blood cholesterin check in 41.46% patients. Low dencity lipoprotein mean 4.42 +/- 0.23 mmol/l, triglicerid 1.71 +/- 0.12 mmol/l, much more informative was mediointimal hyperplasia of posterior wall of carotid artery (regression rate r = 1.93). Ultrasound estimation of mediointimal hyperplasia of carotid artery is a safe, not expensive and informative method for diagnosis in screening of atherosclerosis in old people.

The synthetic peptides--cardiogen, bronchogen, prostamax and pancragen were used to investigate their effect on organotypic tissue culture of explants from heart, lungs, prostatic gland and pancreas of young (3-week old) and aged (18-month old) rats. The peptide effective concentration of 0.05 ng/ml showed a stimulating effect in appropriate tissue cultures as compared to the control explants in all groups of rats. So these bioregulatory peptides can be used in clinic practice for the stimulation of reparative processes in the appropriate tissues while ageing.

In the recent years the development of methods of skin revitalization (remodeling)--i.e. of its restoration after damage of any nature (including aging)--attracted the attention of not only cosmetologists and dermatologists, but also of endocrinologists, physiotherapists, surgeons and geriatrists. The skin grows old together with the whole organism, and it is impossible to deter this process only in the skin. Nowadays a series of methods is offered in the esthetic medicine, using embryonic cells, regulatory peptides and placenta suspensions to influence the aging processes both in the skin itself and in the whole organism. This adds to life quality improvement and provides for social adaptation of elderly people.

Thyroid gland pathology is one of the most widespread diseases. Age is the main risk factor in the development of hypothyroid states, alongside with biogeochemical and climatic adverse factors of the environment. Disturbed hormonal status of the organism affects the quality of life in patients with subclinical and manifested hypothyroidism forms, especially in old age, and requires adequate correction methods. In this connection Thyramin bioregulator is noteworthy, exerting tissue specific effect on thyroid gland cells and enabling the restoration of the disturbed thyroid tissue function.

Improvement of elderly cancer patients' treatment is an acute issue in oncology. The results of stage III rectal and colon cancer complex treatment are far from being satisfactory in this category of patients. In this connection the search for new adjuvant drugs supplementing radio and chemotherapy is urgent. The article describes pioneer experience in complex radical treatment of elderly cancer patients with immunomodulator Vilon included into the scheme of treatment. The obtained preliminary results of investigation suggest recommendation of Vilon application to increase 2-year survival of patients, prevention of post-operative complications, remote complications, recurrences and tumor dissemination, as well as the improvement of the quality of life after employment of aggressive methods of treatment.

Special attention should be given to the safety of drugs prepared from animal products. Industrial production of cytomedines and cytamines includes treatment of organs and tissues from young animals. Studies of preparations by methods recommended by the World Health Organization indicate that this technology guarantees the absence of infectious agents, protooncogenes, nucleic acids, and prion proteins.

The specificity of antisera, obtained by the immunization of rabbits with the conjugated antigenic preparations of the thymic factor, have been evaluated by the method of immunochemical analysis. To carry out the comparative study, polypeptides isolated from the pineal body, cortex and white matter of the brain, Thy-1 antigen from the cerebral cortex and insulin have been used. The polypeptides of the thymus and the brain have been found to differ in their amino acid composition and molecular weight. The thymic factor possesses specific antigenic determinants which are absent in the tested preparations of cerebral polypeptides and insulin. The rabbit antisera obtained in this investigation are highly specific and can be used for the immunochemical determination of the thymic factor in the blood and other biological fluids.

A rapid indirect enzyme immunoassay technique for the determination of thymalin, a polypeptide thymus factor, with sensitivity equal to 1.5 X 10(-8) mol/l has been developed. The accuracy of determinations, measured by the variation factor, has proved to be 5-10% in the interassay, 10-15% in the interassay, the reliability in the opening test being 5%. The assay takes 4.5-5 hours.