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Management of occupational accident risk involves systematic, planned, structured, and comprehensive efforts to mitigate the factors that contribute to the occurrence of work accidents. This study aims to examine the risk of work accidents in the Tukad Ayung Bridge replacement project, especially at the stage of installing concrete girders. Qualitative and quantitative data from primary and secondary sources were used, collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, literature review, and documentation analysis. The Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) method is used for data analysis. The findings revealed 24 types of work accident risks at seven stages of concrete block installation in the project including the concrete girder preparation stage, girder truss making, erection (setting segmental girder), prestressed steel installation (strand), cabel strand stressing work, concrete girder tendon grouting, and diaphragm installation stage. The results of the risk analysis on the concrete girder installation work on the Tukad Ayung Bridge replacement project, are in the moderate category, which is as many as 12 risks. Furthermore, as many as 11 risks are included in the high category. Meanwhile, in the extreme category as much as 1 risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the application of a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management framework on a grid‐independent and renewable energy‐based electric vehicle charging station with multiple energy storage techniques including hydrogen and ammonia. The design comprises complex subsystems such as concentrated photovoltaic thermal, wind turbine, biomass standby generator, hydrogen storage, fuel cell, Ammonia storage and fuel cell, Lithium‐ion battery storage, Salt‐hydrate thermal storage, lithium‐bromide absorption cooling, and fast charging units. Systematic risk‐based approaches compromising multiple phases and qualitative and quantitative risk assessment techniques are applied to identify the causes and consequences of potentially critical events associated with the incorporated subsystems and components. The results show that out of 15 identified technical, economic, environmental, and health and safety risks, three health and safety risks were found unacceptable with risk values above 14. In contrast, three technical, three environmental, two health and safety, and one economic risks were found undesirable with risk values between 8 and 12. Appropriate preventive and protective measures are applied to lessen the high‐risk levels to acceptable safe limits below 6. Proper safety barriers and distances are considered while recommending the associated subsystems and components' optimal physical site distribution plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the influence of covid-19 pandemic, the market of adventure tourism in Taiwan has a significant growth in the last few years. With the increasing demand of adventure tourism, the pressure of adventure tourists' safety and environmental conservation also increases. This pressure has become an uneasy task for the Taiwanese government. Recently many studies show that establishing a partnership between tour operators and government agencies can benefit the management of tourism, safety of tourists, and conservation of natural environment. This study employed "Identity Theory" as a starting point to describe the potential roles can be identified by adventure tour operators in the post-pandemic era. These roles include "profit-oriented businessman", "safety guarantor", "adventure experiences provider", and "environmental educator". Moreover, this study employed Identity Theory to discuss which role (s) may have a higher position in adventure tour operators' role identity system when facing the conflict among roles. This study encourages tourists, adventure tour operators and government agencies to recognize the importance of the roles can be played by adventure tour operators. Having a better understanding among stakeholders on the roles of adventure tour operators can benefit the development of adventure tourism in the post- pandemic era. If this better understanding can be achieved, this study believes there will be a great benefit for tourists' safety, the government's management on adventure tourism and conservation, and adventure tour operators' business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main risks to the sustainability of Mediterranean mussel farming in Greece were assessed using a generic framework derived from the AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 Risk Management Model. Risk management scenarios were reviewed after they were successfully tested in the field by semi-qualitative/quantitative data generation protocols. A critical synthesis of the results identifies key indicative aspects needed by stakeholders to formulate a valid operational risk management plan for the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to diminishing ice shelves in the Arctic, no doubt caused by climate change, previously unnavigable marine spaces are opening up, which in turn may provide new maritime routes. The shipping and maritime industry may capitalise on these routes more in the future as they provide shorter sailing times, and may assist with increasing oil and gas exploration and extraction in the region. However, increased maritime expansion in the Arctic comes with a number of unique risks and hazards for the insured and insurer. This opinion therefore seeks to discuss the implications of the multitude of risks that are associated with Arctic shipping from a marine insurance perspective and to highlight some of the gaps in existing regulatory frameworks. It is argued that marine insurers require improved data and risk management methodologies in order to better calculate the premiums of Hull & Machinery (H&M) and Protection & Indemnity (P&I) insurance policies for ships travelling through the Arctic. Until such time as these risks can be adequately assessed, evaluated, and managed by insurers; which of course is extremely difficult, due to the extreme environment, the unpredictability of climate change, a lack of key data, and the complexity of the various scenarios that can unfold in the Arctic environment, the practical viability of Arctic shipping remains doubtful. To date, insurers have paid out more in ship damage that has occurred in the Arctic than they have collected in premiums, which in itself is problematic. This situation may change in the future if Arctic shipping grows, and if it does the insurance market will no doubt, need to respond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our aim was to identify national consensus criteria for the management of children with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN), for evidence-based step-down treatment approaches for patients classified at low risk of severe infection. In 2018, a five-section, 38-item survey was e-mailed to all pediatric hematology and oncology units in France (n = 30). The five sections contained statements on possible consensus criteria for the (i) definition of FN, (ii) initial management of children with FN, (iii) conditions required for initiating step-down therapy in low-risk patients, (iv) management strategy for low-risk patients, and (v) antibiotic treatment on discharge. Consensus was defined by respondents' combined answers (somewhat agree and strongly agree) at 75% or more. Sixty-five physicians (participation rate: 58%), all specialists in pediatric onco-hematology, from 18 centers completed the questionnaire. A consensus was reached on 22 of the 38 statements, including the definition of FN, the criteria for step-down therapy in low-risk children, and the initial care of these patients. There was no consensus on the type and duration of antibiotic therapy on discharge. In conclusion, a consensus has been reached on the criteria for initiating evidence-based step-down treatment of children with FN and a low risk of severe infection but not for the step-down antimicrobial regimen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given an -dimensional stochastic process driven by -Brownian motions and Poisson random measures, we search for a probability measure, with minimal relative entropy to, such that the -expectations of some terminal and running costs are constrained. We prove existence and uniqueness of the optimal probability measure, derive the explicit form of the measure change, and characterize the optimal drift and compensator adjustments under the optimal measure. We provide an analytical solution for Value-at-Risk (quantile) constraints, discuss how to perturb a Brownian motion to have arbitrary variance, and show that pinned measures arise as a limiting case of optimal measures. The results are illustrated in a risk management setting—including an algorithm to simulate under the optimal measure—and explore an example where an agent seeks to answer the question what dynamics are induced by a perturbation of the Value-at-Risk and the average time spent below a barrier on the reference process? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Clinical judgment, also known as gestalt or gut feeling, can predict deterioration and can be easily and rapidly obtained. To date, it is unknown what clinical judgement precisely entails. The aim of this study was to elucidate which features define the clinical impression of health care professionals in the ED. Method: A nominal group technique (NGT) was used to develop a consensus-based instrument to measure the clinical impression score (CIS, scale 1–10) and to identify features associated with either a more severe or less severe estimated disease severity. This single-center observational cohort study included 517 medical patients visiting the ED. The instrument was prospectively validated.. The predictive value of each feature for the clinical impression was assessed using multivariate linear regression analyses to adjust for potential confounders and validated in the infection group. Results: The CIS at the ED was associated with ICU admission (OR 1.67 [1.37–2.03], p < 0.001), in-hospital mortality (OR 2.25 [1.33–3.81], p < 0.001), and 28-day mortality (OR 1.33 [1.07–1.65], <0.001). Dry mucous membranes, eye glance, red flags during physical examination, results of arterial blood gas analysis, heart and respiratory rate, oxygen modality, triage urgency, and increased age were associated with a higher estimated disease severity (CIS). On the other hand, behavior of family, self-estimation of the patient, systolic blood pressure, and Glascow Coma Scale were associated with a lower estimated disease severity (CIS). Conclusion: We identified several features that were associated with the clinical impression of health care professionals in the ED. Translating the subjective features and objective measurements into quantifiable parameters may aid the development of a novel triage tool to identify patients at risk of deterioration in the ED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are currently amid multiple interconnected and complex crises within the different dimensions of our society--a polycrisis, and the future promises even greater complexity in terms of threats. However, the existing crisis typologies and crisis identification often have an introspective organisational focus and tend to concentrate on a limited set of historically known threats. This study takes an exploratory, futures studies-based approach with a broader societal perspective. Through environmental scanning using 1714 literature sources and consultations with 54 experts, we have identified 153 potential future crises spanning various societal domains. We utilize the PESTLE framework to outline the possible emergence of these crises. Our findings reveal a considerably larger number of potential crisis phenomena than previously proposed, aiming for objective sensemaking of the complex crisis landscape. The results also demonstrate crises vary in their temporal development, albeit evaluating this is challenging. This study challenges the prevalent myopic and subjective prioritisation-based crisis identification and provides a comprehensive yet comprehensible list of possible future crises. In the current context of siloed decision-making structures, both public and private organisations can use this list to enhance their future-oriented preparedness and assess their responsibilities in managing these crises, as well as identifying necessary stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era of the rapidly developing digital economy, start-up companies face complex challenges related to risk management. These new companies often operate in high-risk environments, including intense competition, rapid technological change, and market uncertainty. The aim of this research is to investigate effective risk management strategies in increasing start-up company returns in the digital economy era. This research will use a qualitative approach. The data collection technique in this research is literature study. The data that has been collected is then analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the main risks faced by start-ups in the digital economy era are technological risk, market risk and financial risk. Effective risk management strategies to increase start-up company returns include appropriate risk identification and assessment, implementation of effective risk mitigation strategies, regular risk monitoring and evaluation. Recommendations for start-ups in developing an effective risk management strategy include building a risk-aware culture within the company, investing time and resources in risk management, and utilizing technology to assist risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considerations of both the heavy-tail phenomenon and multi-modality of a claim severity distribution have been challenging in the actuarial literature and practices. In this article, we develop a novel class of soft splicing models that bridges the gap between pre-existing methods for handling the issues above. The proposed method is flexible enough to incorporate tail-heaviness and multi-modality with computational efficiency and nests finite mixture models and splicing models as its special and/or limiting cases. The soft splicing model is also more robust in extrapolating the tail-heaviness of distribution subject to model contamination. According to simulation studies and real insurance claim data analyses, it is shown that the proposed soft splicing model provides superior goodness-of-fit and more accurate estimates of tail risk measures than both finite mixture and composite models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The five independent countries of Central Asia, namely Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, contain one of the richest areas in the world for the specific and intraspecific diversity of temperate fruit and nut tree species. Research was carried out via the collaboration of national research and education institutes with local community-based agencies and farmer communities. Raw data (2014 observations) for almond, apple, apricot, cherry plum, currant, grapevine, pear, pomegranate, and walnut were collected at the household (HH) level across the five countries: Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Kyrgyzstan. A set of models was used, including household variety richness as the dependent variable, to understand the influence of socio-ecological variables on the amount and distribution of crop varietal diversity in the farmers' production systems. Four variables were included as explanatory variables of variety richness (fixed factors): ecoregion, ethno-linguistic group, management, and abiotic stress. The results show clear evidence that abiotic stress determines a higher richness of intra-specific diversity in the form of local varieties grown by farmers living in climatically unfavorable areas. The results for the studied ecoregions follow the same trend, with ecoregions with harsher conditions displaying a higher positive correlation with diversity. Mild environments such as the Central Asian riparian woodlands show an unexpectedly lower diversity than other harsher ecoregions. Ethno-linguistic groups also have an effect on the level of varietal diversity used, related to both historic nomadic practices and a culture of harvesting wild fruit and nuts in mountainous areas. The home garden management system hosts a higher diversity compared to larger production systems such as orchards. In Central Asia, encouraging the cultivation of local varieties of fruit and nut trees provides a key productive and resilient livelihood strategy for farmers living under the harsh environmental conditions of the region while providing a unique opportunity to conserve a genetic heritage of global importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The risk management program will run well with commitment and good management. This study aims to describe the experience of nurse managers in implementing risk management in hospitals. Research methodology: this study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection technique used Focus Group Interviews with 12 nurse managers consisting of 1 Head of Sub Installation, 7 Head nurses, and 4 Team Leaders. Interviews were carried out three times, and each implementation consisted of four participants. Analysis using thematic content and consolidation for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) was used as a guide to research reporting. The research found three inhibiting factors in implementing risk management: 1) Busyness, 2) Lack of knowledge, and 3) Lack of structured monitoring and evaluation. Conclusion: The active participation of nurse managers in implementing risk management is very influential in the successful implementation of risk management in hospitals. Good time management, increasing the level of knowledge, and supported by a systematic risk management monitoring-evaluation system means that risk management will be carried out well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our article offers insights on the role of operational research (OR) in understanding financial and economic systems' risks and dynamics. It presents the latest methods in OR to address risks and uncertainties in these systems, covering topics such as options pricing, portfolio optimization, banking resilience, and the analysis of financial and economic co-movements. The included studies utilize advanced analytical tools, like stochastic programming, decision analysis, and machine learning, to create robust models for complex systems. These contributions aim to be valuable for academics, practitioners, policymakers, and regulators in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on leisure and sport consumption. While many sports and recreational activities, including sports, were suspended to contain the spread of the virus, golf presented an opportunity for individuals to engage in outdoor activity where social distancing was possible. We investigated the importance of risk perception and safety management practices in relation to repeated leisure activity participation among recreational golfers via online survey (N = 268). The results indicated that recreational golfers' perceived risk of leisure activity participation and perceived managerial safety climate had a significant effect, while cognitive and affective COVID-19 risk perceptions did not have a significant influence on recreational golfer' revisit intention. The findings provide empirical evidence on how recreational golfer perceived the domainspecific risks associated with COVID-19 and managerial safety climate influence their sports and recreational activity consumption decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical Laboratory Equipment (MLE) is one of the most influential means for diagnosing a patient in healthcare facilities. The accuracy and dependability of clinical laboratory testing is essential for making disease diagnosis. A risk-reduction plan for managing MLE is presented in the study. The methodology was initially based on the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method. Because of the drawbacks of standard FMEA implementation, a Technique for Ordering Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was adopted in addition to the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. Each piece of MLE under investigation was given a risk priority number (RPN), which in turn assigned its risk level. The equipment performance can be improved, and maintenance work can be prioritized using the generated RPN values. Moreover, five machine learning classifiers were employed to classify TOPSIS results for appropriate decision-making. The current study was conducted on 15 various hospitals in Egypt, utilizing a 150 MLE set of data from an actual laboratory, considering three different types of MLE. By applying the TOPSIS and SAW methods, new RPN values were obtained to rank the MLE risk. Because of its stability in ranking the MLE risk value compared to the conventional FMEA and SAW methods, the TOPSIS approach has been accepted. Thus, a prioritized list of MLEs was identified to make decisions related to appropriate incoming maintenance and scrapping strategies according to the guidance of machine learning classifiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The safety and reliability of undivided two-way highway–rail grade crossings (HRGCs) are of paramount importance in transportation systems. Utilizing crash data from the Federal Railroad Administration between 2020 and 2021, this study aims to predict crash injury severity outcomes and investigate various factors influencing injury severities. The χ2 test was first used to select variables that were significantly associated with injury outcomes. By employing the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model and interpretable SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), a cross-category safety assessment that offers an evidence-based hierarchy and statistical inference of risk factors associated with crashes, crossings, vehicles, drivers, and environment was provided for killed, injured, and uninjured outcomes. Some significant predictors overlapped between the killed and injured models, such as old driver, driver was in vehicle, main track, went around the gate, adverse crossing surface, and truck, while the other different significant factors revealed that the model could distinguish between different severity levels. Additionally, the results suggested that the model has varying performances in predicting different injury severities, with the killed model having the highest accuracy of 93.36%. The SHAP dependency plots for the top three features also ensure reliable predictions and inform potential interventions aimed at strengthening traffic safety and risk management practices, such as enhanced warning systems and targeted educational campaigns for older drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal matrix nanocomposites have received more focus in the last two decades because of their desirable alternative features. Many researchers have made several attempts to identify the suitable nanoreinforcement particles for getting improved results in various applications. Many of them tried to improve the properties of several metal matrix nanocomposite materials including mechanical properties, electrical properties, barrier properties, structural properties, moisture permeability, etc., with the help of a variety of techniques. Research study results revealed that the addition of nanosized reinforcement particles improved the mechanical and wear characteristics of aluminum-based metal matrix composites. Metal matrix nanocomposites are being employed in many application areas such as in biomedical field, self-cleaning marble coating application, antimicrobial application and wear-resistant coating application. This review workhas gone through a bulk of research works related to metal matrix nanocomposites. The entire study has been grouped under a few major categories such as synthesis of nanocomposites, characterization study on various nanocomposites, application areas of various nanocomposites, optimization works carried out on nanocomposites, and risk management of nanocomposites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: A patient safety near miss is a safety event that had the potential to cause harm, but did not reach the patient. For over 20 years healthcare has been exhorted to learn from patient safety near misses to support improvements in patient safety. The belief is that, by addressing the factors that contribute to patient safety near misses, harmful incidents will be avoided. However, there seems to have been little progress made to learn from patient safety near misses. This study aimed to explore why there has been limited progress, and how best patient safety near misses may be learned from. Methods: A qualitative case study was undertaken to explore the learning from patient safety near misses in different National Health Service contexts. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patient safety leads in secondary care, primary care, and regional/national bodies. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analysed. Results: Seventeen interviews were undertaken across the National Health Service, with further data collected from policy, guidance, field notes, and research memos. Thematic analysis identified the following: variations in safety event schema; limited processes for patient safety near misses; unsupportive reporting contexts; and assumed, but non-evidenced improvements in patient safety. Participants also shared their thoughts on how learning from patient safety near misses could be improved. Conclusion: A lack of progress has been made to learn from patient safety near misses in the National Health Service. This is contributed to by a lack of agreement about what is and how best to learn from a patient safety near miss. The learning value of patient safety near misses lies in the focus they place on controls to hazards, but they should not be learned from in isolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although megaprojects are complex socio-technical systems that cannot be fully understood by analyzing their components in an isolated way, integrated approaches combining risk and stakeholder analyses remain underdeveloped in the literature. This study proposes a multilayer network analysis that integrates economic transactions between stakeholders and risks to identify discrepancies that may lead to underperformance. This technique was implemented in an Italian megaproject case. The comparison between traditional stakeholders and the proposed multidimensional risk-stakeholder networks reveals the capacity of the latter to accurately capture misalignments between multiple dimensions, such as risk allocation, economic transactions, and project performance. While previous studies have explored one-dimensional networks involving either stakeholders or risks, the novel approach proposed in this paper integrates both dimensions. This research contributes to stakeholder and risk management theory by highlighting the significance of combined stakeholder-risk multilayer networks and introducing a multidimensional approach to quantitatively assess risk propagation and its impact on project outcomes while considering the stakeholders' role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the number of historic renovation and restoration projects in the US city of Detroit has been increasing to preserve the cultural heritage and to meet current needs. However, this type of project has distinct challenges from new construction projects. This paper reports the results of a qualitative study investigating challenges encountered during historic building renovations in Detroit. The objective is to fill a gap in the construction literature concerning practices for managing large domestic historic building renovation projects. Strong industry interest in the topic also motivated the completion of this study. The expert interview method was used. Semistructured interviews were conducted with six expert practitioners concerning their experiences. Data concerning common challenges, pitfalls, and other issues were gathered, analyzed, and grouped into seven categories (code compliance, historic status, organizational, design, construction, budget/schedule, and technology). The results corroborate many findings and general themes from the prior literature on historic building renovation while reporting several novel findings absent in the reviewed literature. In addition, this paper provides recommendations to avoid and mitigate such challenges. Primary recommendations include developing strong collaborative working protocols between the parties; selecting key team members based on successful past working relationships, not price or cost of service; and, if feasible, conducting hazardous material abatement and selective demolition activities prior to completion of the design to derisk the project. Additionally, 23 secondary recommendations focused on numerous tactical, management, and technical matters are provided. This study contributes to the body of knowledge in the quality and risk management research domain as well as the restoration and renovation construction domain. The practical contribution of this study is to allow industry practitioners to better understand this special type of construction project and strategize quality control and management plans by providing common challenges and recommendations. Challenges encountered during large historic renovations in Detroit were investigated to identify suggested practices for better management of this project type. In addition to verifying prior findings from historic renovations performed elsewhere, new information is presented concerning key knowledge and practice gaps, authority having jurisdiction interface issues, organizational/funding constraints, negligence and standard of care concerns, misaligned competing incentives surrounding hazardous material abatement, and detailed information about design and construction challenges for this project type in Detroit. Three primary recommendations and 23 secondary recommendations are provided for better management, including developing strong collaborative working protocols between the parties; selecting key team members based on successful past working relationships, not price or cost of service; and, if feasible, conducting hazardous material abatement and selective demolition activities prior to completion of the design to derisk the project. The findings will aid design and construction practitioners in making informed decisions about historic renovation projects, thereby improving project delivery and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Explaining farmer decision making using cumulative prospect theory is of increasing importance. We present a systematic review on European farmers' preferences under the cumulative prospect theory framework. We identified 17 studies covering 2324 farmers from 12 European countries. All studies report that (on average) farmers are: (i) risk averse, (ii) loss averse, and (iii) overweight small probabilities and underweight large probabilities. However, there is a large heterogeneity across and within studies. These findings have implications for the analysis and design of policy and insurance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En France, en moyenne 40 % des personnes condamnées sont en état de récidive ou de réitération. Afin d'éviter les ruptures de soins susceptibles de conduire à la commission d'une nouvelle infraction, le service médicopsychologique régional de la maison d'arrêt a d'abord développé, en 2021, l'accompagnement post-carcéral de courte durée (six mois). L'équipe pluridisciplinaire ambitionne désormais de favoriser l'entrée dans un processus de désistance des hommes suivis en prison, et accompagnés à la sortie. La stratégie arrêtée pour tenter de répondre à cette nouvelle mission comprend trois volets : formation, organisation, et développement de l'offre de soin. L'équipe a commencé à se former à trois outils : HCR20 V3, SAPROF et CAPP. Le premier intéresse l'évaluation et la gestion du risque de récidive violente interpersonnelle, le second le repérage des facteurs de protection liés à la violence, et le dernier concerne le trouble de personnalité psychopathique, facteur prépondérant de risque de violence. Sur le plan de l'organisation, les soins au SMPR ont été repensés pour intégrer l'évaluation du niveau de risque de récidive en détention, et sa réévaluation en cours d'APC. Le but est maintenant d'agir stratégiquement sur d'éventuels facteurs de risque dynamiques repérés, en tenant compte des facteurs de protection. Le développement de l'offre de soin, entrepris en 2022, a abouti en octobre 2023 à l'ouverture d'une unité de colocation thérapeutique et d'insertion (UCTI), dispositif « passerelle » pouvant accueillir cinq hommes sortants, accompagnés en post-carcéral par le SMPR, pour six mois également. L'objectif principal de cette étude observationnelle, prospective et monocentrique, est de mesurer l'efficacité du suivi intra-carcéral et de l'accompagnement post-carcéral – restructurés autour d'outils d'évaluation et de gestion du risque de récidive – des personnes sortantes de MA d'Amiens, sur la désistance à l'issue de l'APC et à cinq ans. Cette efficacité pourrait se traduire, pour les personnes accompagnées en post-carcéral, par une diminution de l'expression des traits psychopathiques et du niveau de risque de récidive entre le moment de l'incarcération et la fin de la prise en soin. Les professionnels souhaitent également documenter la mise en place des trois outils dans leur service, et en étudier la validité prédictive sur leur échantillon. L'étude sert aussi à évaluer l'efficacité du dispositif expérimental UCTI. Le repérage précoce des facteurs de risque devrait permettre d'améliorer la spécificité et la priorisation des actions de prévention du risque entrant dans le cadre des soins courants. Démonstration faite de l'efficacité de ces soins, enrichis par l'emploi d'outils adaptés à la problématique de la population carcérale sortante, il serait envisageable de répliquer cette stratégie de spécialisation psychiatrique pénitentiaire dans les équipes psychiatriques exerçant dans d'autres établissements pénitentiaires. Le projet s'inscrit dans une volonté de décloisonnement des différents secteurs concernés par la prise en charge des personnes sortantes. Le travail collaboratif en équipe pluridisciplinaire, au sein du service mais aussi avec les dispositifs de droit commun, est au cœur des retombées de cette recherche. Serait-il possible de revitaliser l'engagement individuel et collectif de ceux qui agissent auprès de patients qui peuvent présenter un risque de violence ? In France, an average of 40% of convicted prisoners are repeat offenders. To prevent disruptions in care that may lead to new offenses, the regional medico-psychological department (SMPR) of the Amiens prison first introduced short-term post-incarceration support (6 months) in 2021. The multidisciplinary team now intends to facilitate the transition to a desistance process for incarcerated men who are undergoing treatment in prison and to, provide support when they are released. The strategy consists of three main components: training, organization, and expanding the range of care. The team has already started training for three tools: HCR20 V3, SAPROF, and CAPP-IRS. The first pertains to the assessment and management of the risk of interpersonal violent relapse, the second focuses on identifying protective factors related to violence, and the third addresses psychopathy, a significant risk factor for violence. In terms of organization, care at the SMPR has been restructured to incorporate the assessment of the level of risk of relapse during detention and its reassessment during post-carceral follow-up. The aim now is to strategically address any identified dynamic risk factors, taking protective factors into account. The expansion of the care provided, begun in 2022, led to the opening of a therapeutic and integration cohabitation unit (TICU) in October 2023, serving as a "gateway" facility accommodating 5 men who have been released from custody supported by the SMPR in post-carceral care, also for a duration of 6 months. The primary objective of this observational, prospective, and single-center study is to measure the effectiveness of intra-carceral and post-carceral support – restructured around risk assessment and management tools – for individuals exiting the Amiens prison after achieving desistance at the end of the follow-up and for a period of 5 years. This effectiveness could be reflected in a reduction in psychopathic traits and in the level of risk of recidivism for those supported in post-carceral care, from the time of incarceration to the end of care. These mental health care professionals also wish to document the implementation of the three tools in their service and assess their predictive validity within their sample. The study also serves to evaluate the effectiveness of the experimental TICU program. The early identification of risk factors should improve the specificity and prioritization of risk prevention actions as part of routine care. Demonstrating the effectiveness of this extended treatment program, tailored to the needs of the outgoing incarcerated population, could lead to the replication of this specialized psychiatric approach in other penal facilities. The project is part of a common effort to break down barriers between the various sectors involved in the care of individuals who are released from prison. Collaborative multidisciplinary teamwork, both within the department and with mainstream psychiatric care facilities, lies at the core of the results of this research. Could it be possible to revitalize the individual and collective commitment of those working with patients who may present a risk of violence? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stop-loss is a common risk management tool for limiting risks and improving trading strategy performance. The effectiveness of stop-loss depends critically on asset price characteristics. This study is the first to analyze stop-loss strategy incorporating long-range dependence of asset prices through a fractional Brownian motion-based market model. It is shown that stop-loss strategy yields a positive return premium over the buy-and-hold return when asset price exhibits long-range dependence. The efficacy of stop-loss strategies and the determining criterions are investigated through both theoretical analysis and simulation studies. The performance of a stop-loss rule depends on the Hurst parameter, mean and volatility of the asset returns. The optimal stop-loss threshold model in a chosen strategy class is fitted by polynomial regression. Empirical analysis demonstrates that the class-specific optimal rules outperform stop-loss rules under alternative asset return-generating models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the valuation and hedging of life insurance obligations in the presence of mortality risk using the local risk-minimizing hedging approach. Roughly speaking, it is assumed that the lifetime of policyholders in an insurance portfolio is modeled by a point process whose stochastic intensity is controlled by a diffusion process. The stock price process is assumed to be a regime-switching Lévy process with non-zero regime-switching drift, where the parameters are assumed to depend on the economic states. Using the Föllmer–Schweizer decomposition, the main valuation and hedging results for a conditional payment process are determined. Some specific situations have been considered in which the local risk-minimizing strategies for a stream of liability payments or a unit-linked contract are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shift towards community-based care in Japan has led to increased medication assistance for older people by non-medical care staff. These staff members help take pre-packaged medications, apply patches, and administer eye drops. This study assessed the risks associated with such assistance by reviewing medication-related incidents across 106 residential care facilities between April 1, 2015, and March 31, 2016. An analysis of incident reports showed that all incidents were minor, with no serious outcomes. The incidents were categorized into four types: dropped drugs, misdelivery/misuse of medicines, forgetting to take medicines, and loss of medicines, with dropped drugs being the most frequent. Most incidents occurred in the morning and primarily involved residents with intermediate nursing care needs. These findings indicate a low risk of serious incidents because of medication assistance from non-medical staff. However, the frequency and nature of the incidents were influenced by the timing of medication administration and the care needs of the residents. These insights highlight the need for customized approaches to medication assistance, considering the residents' care levels and potentially optimizing medication administration times to improve safety in residential care settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introductions of exotic invasive species are a global disturbance for natural habitats. The severity of invasions can greatly vary from local to global scales, as observed in invasion refuges, which exhibit lower-than-expected invasion intensity. In this study, we analyzed the effects of water conductivity and wetland presence on the density of the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) in a large-scale study (>1300 sites), spanning a 400 km stretch of the St. Lawrence River (Canada). Our results showed that round goby density was null in sites with water conductivity under 100 µS cm−1 and increased toward a probable biological optimum at 300 µS cm−1. The presence of wetlands appeared to also decrease round goby density along the conductivity continuum. Similarly, fish community diversity was maximal outside of the round goby water conductivity optimum. Hence, low water conductivity (<100 µS cm−1), in interaction with the presence of wetlands, can provide a refuge for native aquatic species, establishing a simple risk assessment tool for managers. Our results also highlighted the high value of wetland conservation for the conservation of native species biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Working with a suicidal patient is a high-risk enterprise for the patient who might die from suicide, the patient's family who might lose a loved one, and the psychologist who is likely to feel extreme grief or fear of legal liability after the suicide of a patient. To minimize the likelihood of such patient deaths, psychologists must ensure that they know and follow the relevant laws dealing with suicidal patients, rely on risk management strategies that anticipate and address problems in treatment early, and use overarching ethical principles to guide their clinical decisions. This article looks at the roles of laws, risk management strategies, and ethical principles; how they interact; and how a proper understanding of them can improve the quality of patient care while protecting psychologists from legal liability. Public Significance Statement: This article describes how understanding the roles and interactions of laws, risk management principles, and ethics can help psychotherapists improve the quality of their services to suicidal patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of factors influencing the severity of occupational accidents in manufacturing systems is of vital importance for sustainable manufacturing in a business environment. The aim of this study is to identify occupational health and safety risks in the Turkish textile manufacturing industry, which includes "manufacturing of textiles," "manufacturing of wearing apparel," and "manufacturing of leather and related products". There is no study in the literature that examines the risks related to occupational health and safety in Turkish textile manufacturing based on occupational accident records from 2013 to 2019. To fill this gap in the literature, data-driven modeling is conducted to analyze 139,092 accident records including enterprise information, accident information, injured person information, and accident outcome information, which are obtained from the Ministry of Family, Labor, and Social Services in Türkiye. The result of this study showed that there are 50 injury accident decision rules based on 15 distinct accident predictors, which will support decisions for the efficient use of limited resources, the development of effective accident prevention policies, and the stability of the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This descriptive research study attempted to determine how general hospital nurses’ awareness of the importance of patient safety management and patient safety competency affected patient safety management activities. Methods: From September 13 to 26, 2022, a survey was administered to 230 ward nurses who provided direct care to patients at five non-accredited general hospitals being evaluated for accreditation located in metropolitan cities. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, the t-test, one-way analysis, the Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression using SPSS for Windows version 26.0. Results: In total, 221 (96.1%) respondents were female. The average age was 32.2 years, and the average clinical experience was 3.5 years; 196 participants (85.2%) were general nurses. Patient safety competency (β = .44, p < .001), awareness of the importance of safety management (β = .31, p < .001), and medication error experience (β = -.15, p = .002) all had statistically significant associations with patient safety management activities. The explanatory power of these variables for patient safety management activities was 50.7%. Conclusion: This study confirmed that patient safety competency, awareness of the importance of patient safety management, and experience with medication errors significantly influenced patient safety management activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Production and use of engineered nanomaterials have grown substantially in recent years, leading to an increased potential for occupational exposure to these materials. Health and safety data remain largely unknown or incomplete for most engineered nanomaterials. The management of possible risks associated with engineered nanomaterials in the workplace is of paramount importance for workers, employers, and occupational health and safety (OHS) professionals and is a complex and developing field of research. A key component of risk management is the effective communication of known and potential risks in the workplace. Many proposals and recommendations have been made for signage to warn of the location and use of engineered nanomaterials within occupational settings. Such signage could raise awareness and serve as a reminder of the potential unknown health and safety risks presented by engineered nanomaterials. We have designed a simple visual pictogram intended to indicate the presence of engineered nanomaterials in the workplace. Herein, we present our pictogram in contrast with those concomitantly identified in various scientific guidelines and literature, provide details on a pilot-scale evaluation of this signage administered before a recent institution-level adaptation, and provide recommendations for those interested in implementing this signage in other workplaces. Strengthening risk communication by adapting this visual warning pictogram could help draw attention to potential risks, improve workplace hygiene, and ideally, decrease occupational exposure for those working with engineered nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a situational awareness‐based method of load control for safe electricity consumption by industrial users to assess the risk of regulated load equipment within industrial users and to ensure their safe use of electricity. Firstly, in the situational perception stage, collecting key parameters such as controllable equipment within industrial users, and constructing a risk indicator system for industrial users in the process of load control from four perspectives: the degree of controllability of load equipment, the correlation and mutual influence of load equipment, the uncertainty of self‐provided power and economic losses; Then, in the situational understanding and presentation stage, a risk assessment method that integrates a self‐learning weight model and a cloud model is proposed to analyze the risk of industrial users under control; Finally, in the situational guidance stage, based on the assessment results of the risk situational of industrial users, industrial users' safe electricity consumption is controlled in multiple rounds to achieve the objective of maintaining safe and reliable operation of the power grid by accepting control at a low‐risk level. The simulation of the industrial users of steel mills is used to verify the rationality and effectiveness of the method proposed here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Design Setting Participants Results Conclusion Implications for the Profession Reporting Method PIPE Statement To explore Remote Area Nurses' experiences of the implementation of workplace health and safety policies and risk mitigation strategies in Australian very remote primary health clinics.This qualitative study used online semi‐structured interviews, with participants purposively sampled to maximize variation in work location and service type. Data were analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach. Coding was carried out inductively, with NVivo 12 aiding data management.The interviews were conducted from 24 Februrary 2021 to 06 March 2021 with Remote Area Nurses from very remote primary health clinics in Australia.Fifteen Remote Area Nurses participated in the study.Thematic analysis revealed varied approaches to workplace safety among the different health services and regions. While the spread of ‘never alone’ policies in many clinics addressed one of the significant risks faced by Remote Area Nurses, gaps remained even for hazards specifically highlighted in existing work health and safety legislation. Meaningful collaboration with staff and the community, local orientation, preparation for the role and providing quality care were protective factors for staff safety. Understaffing, unsafe infrastructure and inadequate equipment were common concerns among Remote Area Nurses.Health services need to prioritize workplace safety and take a continuous quality improvement approach to its implementation. This will include ensuring safety strategies are appropriate for the local context, improving infrastructure maintenance, and establishing sustainable second responder systems such as a pool of drivers with local knowledge.Poor personal safety contributes to burnout and high turnover of staff. Nurses' insights into the barriers and enablers of current workplace safety strategies will aid policymakers and employers in future improvements.COREQ reporting guidelines were followed.A panel of six Remote Area Nurses collaborated in the development of this project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation was carried out with the objective of knowing the levels of vulnerability of the Colinas del Este Sector of the Jipijapa Canton, for this purpose an area of 41,48 hectares was delimited, distributed in 4 sectors, in which 57 families live, which were surveyed, In order to know the physical conditions of their homes, basic services, as well as the economic income they receive, as a whole, it was possible to determine the index of susceptibility and adaptive capacity, establishing that sectors 1 and 4 have medium-high physical vulnerability, while sector 3 has very high physical vulnerability. It is important to highlight that in the last sector mentioned there is a Geomembrane in a state of deterioration, whose function is to prevent water leaks and therefore reduce future landslides, however, according to what was stated by Gonzales de Vallejo, there is a displacement considered as extremely slow conforming. Finally, it should be noted that during the 2015- 2019 period, the municipality of Jipijapa contemplated local development projects in the Territorial Planning and Development Plan, but none were implemented in the study area in order to improve the socioeconomic conditions that favor families in conditions of physical vulnerability. It is expected that the present investigation contributes to make visible the Colinas del Este sector, as a scenario that requires the respective Government attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main and primary goal of the research in this paper is to analyze the actual current situation in domestic civil engineering, by determining the causes of missing deadlines and exceeding budgets of civil engineering projects. Since the results of this research also indicate the most likely problems that could arise during the construction of a project, the findings and conclusions could be used in risk assessment and drawing up dynamic plans for actual projects, which would improve the situation in domestic civil engineering and increase productivity of this important industry. The results obtained in this paper provide a modern approach to the problem of risk in construction, provide a realistic insight into risk factors on civil engineering projects in the Republic of Serbia and the surrounding area, and facilitate the establishment of a better correlation between theory and practice in project management and risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Value management (VM) and risk management (RM) both involve systematic team decision-making methodologies, but they are often used separately by construction professionals in real practices for different purposes. VM emphases the best project value, while RM is expected to minimize the project risks. The major difference between the two methodologies may lie in the function analysis phase of VM for identifying key functions of projects, and the risk analysis of RM for risk identification. Due to the complementary nature of the techniques involved in both forms of management, the integration of VM and RM has been advocated by scholars for about three decades to optimize the final outcome within limited time and resources. However, little attention has been paid to establishing the complex relationships between value-risk management (VRM) techniques and their outcomes. Therefore, this study aims to find an effective way to integrate VM and RM for enhancing final outcomes. A questionnaire survey was conducted to construction professionals with experience in VM and/or RM. Through various statistical analyses, including factor analysis, correlation, and multiple regression analysis, the findings indicate that (1) information and creativity techniques aided development techniques significantly; (2) presentation techniques are determined by information and function analysis techniques; (3) information techniques, risk analysis techniques, and development techniques enhance team and project performance in VRM workshops; and (4) function analysis techniques, risk analysis techniques, and development techniques can improve overall satisfaction on construction projects. To ensure risk minimization and value maximization in construction projects, VRM workshops should be harnessed and undertaken systematically and logically. Practical recommendations regarding sufficient information and discussion time for VRM participants are given to ensure stakeholders gain the comprehensive understanding of the peculiarity of the project at hand necessary to propel creative ideas and achieve the objectives of the workshop. In the real construction industry, it is time consuming and costly for project practitioners to conduct value management for enhancing project value and risk management to minimize impending risks separately. In this research, value management and risk management techniques were integrated in team decision-making process (value-risk management process) to help project practitioners make the best decisions with fewer risks logically for achieving the best project value. For enhancing final outcomes such as reducing project cost, facilitating team cooperation, and improving overall satisfaction, several practical recommendations are proposed for project practitioners to conduct the value-risk management process effectively: for example, allocating sufficient time for VRM practitioners to share and review information and identify possible risks, conducting function analysis training to the VRM practitioners, using risk analysis software during the VRM process, and requiring VRM practitioners work together to develop a comprehensive final report. The VRM participants need to use function analysis techniques to identify the key functions for value enhancement. The VRM workshop facilitator must be competent in all the techniques for applications on the project. In addition, the report should contain sufficient justifications such as calculations, possible cost-saving, advantages, and disadvantages of final ideas agreed upon by the VRM participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To survey pediatric dentists in the United States regarding adverse events during dental care for children. Methods: A selfadministered, anonymous online survey was sent to American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry members (n equals 6,327) using REDCap® software (between October and December 2019). The questionnaire (all items with radio-button numerical categories) included five items surveying pediatric adverse event occurrence and seven demographic items. Annualized occurrences of adverse events in US pediatric dental practices were extrapolated from the data collected. Results: The survey response was 11 percent (n equals 704), with 91 percent of respondents reporting that at least one child experienced an adverse event during dental treatment. The two most prevalent adverse events, each reported by 82 percent of respondents, were self-inflicted trauma to soft tissues after local anesthesia and nausea and vomiting, with annualized estimates of 7,816 and 7,003, respectively. Major adverse events (respiratory depression, cardiovascular depression, neurological damage, death) during pediatric dental treatment were reported by 14 percent of respondents (annualized estimate equals 443). "Wrong" errors (wrong tooth/wrong procedure/wrong patient) were reported by 24 percent of respondents (annualized estimate equals 600). Conclusions: Adverse events during pediatric dental care are of noticeable concern with some (wrong tooth/wrong procedure/wrong patient errors) that can be procedurally mitigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, studies on children's perception and knowledge of risks and strengthening their preparedness against risks have increased. This can be due to the change of disaster management approaches from the passive approaches of the past to efforts for pre-danger management and the increasing influence of the readiness of all groups and strata of a society, including children. This study evaluated and analyzed the level of awareness of children of the danger of earthquakes in the form of variables of recognizing the risk and its causes and effects, and how to face it in the form of the variables of awareness of preventive measures, preparation and optimal methods of response among 169 children of 5 to 12 years old in Zirkouh, South Khorasan province. Questionnaire and interviewes were used for collecting data. The findings showed that the average level of awareness and knowledge of risk management among rural children is very low and needs to be improved. The results of the single-sample t-test in evaluating the average awareness and knowledge of risk management in all four measured dimensions are lower than the average value level. Moreover, the results of the correlation test showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the perception and awareness of the nature of the earthquake with the knowledge of risk management regarding the four dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain technology holds considerable amount of potential for all types of industries by executing transactions in a verifiable, efficient, and permanent channel. It has been widely viewed as a standard requirement for making industry ready for the future, but when it comes to practical applications, it still arouses numerous risks/challenges that need to be addressed. Therefore, it is essential to address this gap and establish a comprehensive and effective practical framework to align the information technology revolution with sustainable value creation. The purpose of this research is to realize to what extent an enterprise legacy system's transformation benefits a blockchain-based system and to minimize its specific risk through a hybrid fuzzy MRDM (multiple rule-based decision making) model that integrates data envelopment analysis with rough set theory (DEA-RST) and the fuzzy DEMATEL approach grounded on a questionnaire derived from domain experts. We aim to point out the inherent risks of blockchain-based technology adoption and to assist senior engineers in designing or adopting a suitable architecture for practical operation and planning of any future integration and development. The potential risk evaluation of business blockchain adoption reveals that the priority improvement sequence based on dimensions is smart contract risk, value transfer risk, and standard risk. Furthermore, law and regulation are the most critical criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction projects have a high level of uncertainty because of several risk factors. Risks may affect projects in many ways resulting in time delays or cost overruns. Thus, the evaluation of uncertainty is required to get a reliable schedule. This research proposes a method for project scheduling considering risks. Expert judgment is used to identify and analyze risks. Potential risks are identified through Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA). Risks impact is evaluated through fuzzy logic and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS). The simulation considered the relationship between risks, and risks and activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global firms involved in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) domain analyze the risks, benefits, and future market potential of various host countries for business development purposes. Further, appropriate entry modes and business strategies are developed to navigate the complex formal and informal institutions of the host country. Researchers have proposed comprehensive data-driven international construction risk management models to assist global AEC companies in undertaking such investment decisions. However, the reliability and accuracy of these risk assessment models depend on the credibility of the information utilized for analysis. This study presents existing theories describing how humans make credibility judgments and emphasizes the importance of establishing a systematic framework to evaluate the credibility of data sources. Through a literature review, this paper first defines information and source credibility from the perspective of international construction decisions. Second, this paper proposes a framework with (1) five criteria and 20 metrics for information credibility; and (2) three criteria and 18 metrics for source credibility. A survey questionnaire was conducted with construction executives to determine the relevancy and relative importance of the identified criteria and metrics. The implications of this study highlight the critical role of credibility in international construction risk assessment. Stakeholders involved in international construction projects can benefit from recognizing the significance of credible information sources and integrating them into their risk management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimal escape models assume that decisions to escape after a predation attempt depend on the initial risk assessment. However, few studies have explored animals' decisions to return to normal activities after their first escape and how the ecological context influences these behaviours. To address these gaps, we investigated the influence of substrate type on escape behaviour and refuge use in the spider Aglaoctenus castaneus. Individuals forage on sheet webs but hide in funnels after detecting potential threats. Spiders from two populations build webs either on injurious substrates that can harm predators or on noninjurious substrates. The dominant injurious substrates include a large thorny palm species in the 'thorny palm' population and a razor grass in the 'razor grass' population. We hypothesized that spiders constructing webs on injurious substrates would (1) display reduced sensitivity to approaching predators by hiding in their funnels and (2) would return to their sheet web more quickly after detecting a predator. We also assessed whether these behaviours were correlated across and within populations and whether they were affected by the social context (couples or solitary individuals). Spiders inhabiting injurious substrates exhibited shorter flight initiation distances (FIDs) compared to those inhabiting noninjurious substrates. Interpopulation variation was observed, with spiders from the thorny palm population displaying shorter FID and lower hiding time than those from the razor grass population. However, there was no correlation between FID and hiding time. Spiders from the thorny palm population showed less sensitivity to predators, probably because thorny palm location was safer than the razor grass location. In conclusion, A. castaneus can adjust risk-taking behaviours depending on the damaging potential of the substrate for predators. We propose new hypotheses with the aim of improving risk assessment research. • We investigated the effects of substrate type on risk assessment of A. castaneus. • We observed spiders in two populations: thorny palm vs razor grass dominant. • Spiders on injurious substrates had shorter flight initiation distances (FIDs). • Hiding time was not correlated with FID. • Spiders in the thorny palm population had shorter FIDs and hiding times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the influence of risk management on collaborative innovation and the intervention of communication intensity in agricultural cooperatives. A survey was conducted with managers of Brazilian agricultural cooperatives listed in the Organization of Cooperatives of Brazil. The structural equation modeling technique was applied to a sample of 103 valid answers. The results show that risk management positively influences collaborative innovation and communication intensity, and that communication intensity positively influences collaborative innovation. Furthermore, a mediating effect of communication intensity was observed in the relationship between risk management and collaborative innovation. Theoretical implications arise from the observation of the intervention of communication intensity in this relationship, mainly by providing insights to expand research in this direction. Practical implications also arise from observing the intervention of communication intensity in this relationship, such as alerts to the managers of these organizations about the relevance of aligning communication and risk management to the purpose of collaborative innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In most discussions, "smart cities" are perceived as a largely positive phenomenon that improves the safety but above all the comfort of its inhabitants. The present paper constructively and critically analyses the approach of de facto unregulated development of "smart cities" with emphasis on the risks associated with this phenomenon. Examples from recent years, not only in the context of developments in Ukraine, show that modern, technological solutions, i.e. e-Government tools, can become a target or even a tool of variously motivated attackers (criminal groups, foreign powers). A "smart" city is often potentially more vulnerable than agglomerations managed more traditionally. This paper aims to demonstrate the possible risks through case studies and determine whether there are more comprehensive theoretical approaches to the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) have been increasingly attacked by hackers. CPSs are especially vulnerable to attackers that have full knowledge of the system's configuration. Therefore, novel anomaly detection algorithms in the presence of a knowledgeable adversary need to be developed. However, this research is still in its infancy, due to limited attack data availability and test beds. By proposing a holistic attack modeling framework, we aim to show the vulnerability of existing detection algorithms and provide a basis for novel sensor-based cyber-attack detection. Stealthy Attack GEneration (SAGE) for CPSs serves as a tool for cyber-risk assessment of existing systems and detection algorithms for practitioners and researchers alike. Stealthy attacks are characterized by malicious injections into the CPS through input, output, or both, which produce bounded changes in the detection residue. By using the SAGE framework, we generate stealthy attacks to achieve three objectives: (i) Maximize damage, (ii) Avoid detection, and (iii) Minimize the attack cost. Additionally, an attacker needs to adhere to the physical principles in a CPS (objective (iv)). The goal of SAGE is to model worst-case attacks, where we assume limited information asymmetries between attackers and defenders (e.g., insider knowledge of the attacker). Those worst-case attacks are the hardest to detect, but common in practice and allow understanding of the maximum conceivable damage. We propose an efficient solution procedure for the novel SAGE optimization problem. The SAGE framework is illustrated in three case studies. Those case studies serve as modeling guidelines for the development of novel attack detection algorithms and comprehensive cyber-physical risk assessment of CPSs. The results show that SAGE attacks can cause severe damage to a CPS, while only changing the input control signals minimally. This avoids detection and keeps the cost of an attack low. This highlights the need for more advanced detection algorithms and novel research in cyber-physical security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Damages and losses caused by floods have been on the rise in Upper Vardar River Basin (Polog Region) over the past few years. The entire river basin experiences dramatic variations in water flows over time, and the risk of floods is also exacerbated by the basin's mountainous topography and land structure. Human factors are also at work. Changing land use and land cover - for example, through cultivation or construction in high-risk zones, rapid urbanization and heightened erosion from logging in forests - are altering hydrological regimes, increasing the risk of floods. Other causes include incomplete, poorly maintained, decaying or inappropriately used flood control infrastructure. The tragic consequences of the most recent extreme flood events, and the magnitude of associated damages and losses, revealed major deficiencies throughout all components of the overall flood management system (e.g., monitoring, planning, response and recovery). On 3 August 2015, after torrential rains lasting less than two hours, the region was hit by a combination of flash floods, torrential streams and landslides that caused six deaths and an estimated USD 21.5 million in damage (based on a UNDP-backed assessment carried out the for most affected parts of the basin). The Pena River inundated the center of the City of Tetovo and submerged many agricultural fields in nearby areas. The regional road from Tetovo to the Kosovo border was blocked by sludge that in places reached four meters high; and parts of the mountainside village of Sipkovica were buried in mud, boulders and rubble. For this purpose a baseline survey is going to prepare to identify people's and communities' perception of flood and other risks, current willingness-to-accept certain risks and willingness-to-pay to mitigates risk to acceptable levels similar survey is planned for the end of the Programme, to detect likely changes in perception following a period of intensive community awareness programmes and campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the number and direction of dynamic return connections have been analysed within and between portfolios with different ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) scores to determine their exposure to systemic risk. The number of significant pairwise Granger causality connections were counted between 2012 and 2019 on the portfolios of NASDAQ and NYSE using one-year, weekly rolling windows. According to the results of the current empirical research, the return of high ESG portfolios determines the return of low ESG portfolios. Low ESG performers are also more interconnected than companies with high ESG scores and thus more exposed to systemic risk; this low-ESG interconnectedness accelerates further as market volatility increases. Overall, investors can reduce exposure to systemic risk by applying a responsible mindset to their investment decisions. Application of the methods and findings of this study could be integrated into the regulatory risk management and portfolio diversification practices of individual or institutional asset managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of the study is to determine the disaster preparedness perceptions, psychological resilences and empathy levels of nurses after 2023 Great Turkiye Earthquake. Method: This descriptive study was conducted in 2023 using with E‐Anket. This study was carried out with voluntary participation of 464 nurses living in different geographical regions of Turkiye. The data of the study were obtained utilizing Nurses' Disasters Prepardeness Perception Scale (NDPPS), Pyschological Resileince Scale (PRS) and Empathy Scale (ES). Results: In this study, the disaster preparedness perception of the nurses was found to be at medium level. More than half of the nurses (65.1%) reported that they did not received any disaster training before. A meaningful was found between the nurses' disaster preparedness perceptions and their empathy levels and psychological resilence. Conclusions: As in many countries, it is possible to state that also in Turkiye, the training of nurses for disasters are inadequate and that the studies on this subject are limited. This study will provide a theoretical platform to develop nurses' awareness of disaster preparedness and pyschological resilience and empathic approach programs to increase disaster resilience, and to conduct future research on disaster nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving the organizational reputation of university institutions has become an urgent necessity in light of the constant efforts of universities to accommodate developments and competitive changes at the local and global levels. The GRC model, which means integration between governance, risk management and compliance, is one of the modern approaches that helps the university to achieve high levels of transparency, integrity, responsibility, commitment and dealing. With risks and their management, and thus helps the university achieve its strategic goals efficiently and effectively, which contributes to improving its organizational reputation, Therefore, the current research aimed to find out proposed mechanisms to improve the organizational reputation of Egyptian universities in light of the model of integration between governance, risk management and compliance, through identifying the intellectual foundations of organizational reputation in universities, and the theoretical foundations of the model of integration between governance, risk management and compliance. The descriptive approach and the Delphi method were used to identify the opinions of experts. A set of proposed mechanisms was reached to improve the level of organizational reputation of Egyptian universities in light of the integration model between governance, risk management and compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]