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Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Marchiafava-Bignami disease has been recognized as a syndrome characterized by necrosis and focal demyelination of the corpus callosum. It was first described in 1903 by the pathologists Marchiafava and Bignami in three Italian alcoholic patients who drink red wine. The case of a 55-year-old patient is reported, alcoholic, who attended with generalized epileptic seizures and impaired level of consciousness. Magnetic resonance imaging of the skull revealed demyelination of the corpus callosum, white and gray matter of the parietal and frontal lobes, leading to the diagnosis of acute Marchiafava-Bignami type A disease. The patient died of hospital-acquired pneumonia 15 days later of income. Knowledge of this disease is necessary, because despite the poor prognosis of its acute form, cases of good evolution with timely diagnosis and treatment are reported. The case is presented with the aim of evidencing the diagnosis of a rare disease that can be expressed in a variable way and qualifies as a medical emergency.

Bone involvement in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma usually occurs after diagnosis, but unusually it can occur from the onset of symptoms. The case of a young woman who began with bone manifestations is presented. Initially, other diagnoses were considered, which were reassessed due to the progression and persistence of symptoms until diagnostic confirmation of Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nodular sclerosis variety. After evidence of mixed bone lesions in magnetic resonance imaging, a definitive diagnosis was achieved in a lymph node biopsy that showed the characteristic Reed-Sternberg cells. Due to the infrequency of these cases, its publication is considered necessary to alert about the inclusion of this diagnostic thought in patients who present bone pain as the beginning of a cancer not yet diagnosed.

Objetivo: Evaluar, en forma retrospectiva, las diferentes variantes de los tubérculos de Lister y el extensor largo del pulgar en imágenes de resonancia magnética de muñecas y, sobre la base de dichos hallazgos, proponer variables a la clasificación. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo utilizando imágenes de resonancia magnética entre el 1 de marzo y el 10 de noviembre de 2019. Se incluyeron imágenes de muñeca de pacientes sanos (cortes axiales, sagitales y coronales de 1 mm de espesor), >18 años, sin fractura de muñeca o del carpo, previa o actual, y se excluyó a quienes no cumplían estos criterios. Se analizaron el tubérculo de Lister, la altura de los picos radial y cubital, el ángulo, la longitud del tubérculo, la profundidad de los valles y la altura del tabique. Se evaluó el extensor largo del pulgar analizando la altura, el espesor, la superficie y la presencia o no inflamación asociada. Resultados: Se analizaron 500 imágenes de muñeca, y se obtuvieron 11 subtipos de tubérculo de Lister: 411 tipo 1, 58 tipo 2 y 26 tipo 3. Dentro de estos, el más frecuente fue el tipo 1B. El 26,6% tenía inflamación asintomática en el tercero y cuarto compartimento. Conclusiones: El tubérculo de Lister es importante en muchos procedimientos y sirve como punto de referencia anatómico; por lo tanto, es preciso conocer su patrón más frecuente y sus variantes anatómicas. Proponemos una ampliación de la clasificación, adicionando nuevos tipos de tubérculo por conocer y su relación con el extensor largo del pulgar.

Introducción. Las sorderas o hipoacusias prelinguales son de etiología genética entre el 60 y el 68% de los casos; de estos, del 20 al 40% son malformaciones del oído interno. De los casos de hipoacusia no sindrómica ligada al X se han descrito siete tipos. De las malformaciones de oído interno, la partición coclear incompleta tipo III es la menos frecuente. Objetivo. Presentar el reporte clínico-genético de una familia mexicana, con individuos varones afectados por sordera neurosensorial congénita con malformación de oído interno. Material y Métodos. Se realizó estudio de una familia en la que nueve miembros presentaban sordera. Se estudiaron cuatro de ellos y una madre sin manifestaciones, a través del estudio clínico general por médico genetista, el estudio audiológico (otoscopía y audiometría) por médico audiólogo y el estudio de tomografía computada (TC) por médico radiólogo. Resultados. Los pacientes estudiados presentaron sordera neurosensorial congénita, de severa a profunda bilateral. A través de la TC, se evidenció malformación de oído interno. Tres pacientes presentaron partición coclear incompleta tipo III y un paciente partición incompleta tipo I. Debido al estudio clínico y al árbol genealógico, se definió diagnóstico de hipoacusia neurosensorial no sindrómica ligada al X. La TC de la madre sin manifestaciones no presentó evidencia de malformaciones en oído interno (MOI). Conclusión. El estudio de imagen es fundamental para definir presencia o no de MOI en todos los pacientes con hipoacusia y así poder guiar la terapéutica y el asesoramiento genético, así como realizar los estudios moleculares más adecuados.

Se recolectaron las características epidemiológicas, clínicas, radiológicas y su relación con los efectos adversos de las sustancias de relleno en los pacientes que acudieron a realizarse resonancias magnéticas de pelvis y glúteos en el Servicio de Radiología del Centro Médico Docente la Trinidad desde el año 2016 hasta el año 2022. De un total de 850 estudios de pelvis y 41 estudios de glúteos; 93 estudios demostraron presencia de material de relleno (10,4%). 50% de los estudios positivos tenían migración a fosa isquiorrectal. El 87% tuvo infiltración muscular la mayoría al glúteo mayor. Se lograron encuestar 24 pacientes que accedieron formar parte del estudio, que refirieron: las células expansivas fue la sustancia más frecuentemente utilizada, con un volumen de 500cc en total. Se demostró una relación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables de tiempo de colocación y la presencia de migración del material utilizando X2. Se requiere de una muestra de mayor tamaño para establecer correlaciones con mayor poder estadístico.

Acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare entity, which has been associated with several viral infections and may occur as a subacute complication in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection scenario. We present a case of ANE in a 74-year-old female patient with a history of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection with respiratory involvement, who, after the resolution of this pathology, developed a clinical picture of neurological impairment compatible with ANE as a complication, emphasizing the corresponding clinical and paraclinical findings, and we review the most relevant aspects of this entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most bone metastases (BM) occur simultaneously in different bones, and single metastatic involvement is rare. Prostatic, breast, kidney and lung account for 68% of BM. There is no pathognomonic imaging test for the diagnosis of BM, nor international consensus on its use, which depends on the availability of imaging equipment in each hospital. In the case of solitary BM, several imaging techniques are required for the suspected diagnosis, and biopsy for the definitive diagnosis, especially if there is no known primary tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Urologia is the property of Sociedad Chilena de Urologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is the final stage of a chronic, communicable and progressive disease of viral cause. The neurotoxoplasmosis is the most frequent opportunist infection in immunodepressed patients. Objective: To characterize patients with secondary neurotoxoplasmosis to human immunodeficiency virus/aids according to epidemiological, clinical and imaging variables. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of 18 patients with AIDS was carried out, who received clinical and microbiological diagnosis of neurotoxoplasmosis, characterized according to findings in the magnetic resonance by images before and after the treatment, from January, 2017 to December, 2019. Results: In the investigation there was a prevalence of the male sex, the ages of 34 or less years (66.7 %) and the clinical signs of fever (100.0 %) and headache (88.9 %). Themost common localization of the lesions was in the cortico-subcortical juntion (66.1 %). The hypointense images in T1 and fluid attenuated inversion recovery and hyperintense images in T2 were the most frequent; the multiple lesions (66.7 %) of small size (50.0 %) and irregular contours (88.9 %) were notable. Before the treatment the enhance of anular type had more frequency (72.2 %) and grade 2 vasogenic edema (50.0 %); after this, 55.6 % of those affected persons presented calcifications and 72.2 % intralesional hemorrhages. It was evidenced that 77.8 % had improvement respect the cerebral edema. Conclusions: The magnetic resonance by images allowed to characterize the patients with human immunodeficiency virus/aids and cerebral toxoplasmosis, as well as to evaluate the therapeutic response through the modifications in the imaging findings. Key words: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; cerebral toxoplasmosis; opportunist infections; magnetic resonance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a frequently used test in the diagnosis of dementia. The objective was to evaluate its effectiveness for the early diagnosis of dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)., Material and Methods: Original studies were selected from systematic reviews between 2011 and 2021, according to PRISMA 2020 criteria. QUADAS-2 and GRADE tools were used, and a meta-analysis was performed., Results: Final selection of 23 articles. Patient selection and index test had a high probability of bias. The certainty of the evidence was very low. In the hippocampus, sensitivity was 0.62 (95%CI 0.48-0.79) and specificity 0.70 (95%CI 0.55-0.80). In the temporal lobe, sensitivity was 0.65 (range 0.45) and specificity 0.69 (range 0.32)., Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine brain MRI for the early diagnosis of dementia in patients with MCI., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To determine if subchondral bone damage can influence the clinical results of intraarticular platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) treatment in knee osteoarthritic patients., Material and Methods: A retrospective review of patients treated with intraarticular PRP injections for knee osteoarthritis who previously underwent a Magnetic Resonance (MR) of the knee was performed. Visual Analogic Score (VAS) was assesed for pain, whereas WORMS MR score was adapted to assess the damage to the subchondral bone (WORMSsc score)., Results: Sixty-one patients were treated with 3 weekly injections of PRP. Mean VAS reduction was 27.67 ± 13.13 points (P<.005). WORMS sc mean score was 32 ± 18.5 points. NO correlation between WORMSsc and VAS was found. A moderate correlation between WORMSsc score and Preoperative VAS was found (r=.43; P<.005)., Conclusion: There is no correlation between the damage to the subchondral bone assesed by MR and pain relief at 12 weeks in patients treated with intraarticular platelet-rich plasma in patients with knee osteoarthritis. A greater damage to the subchondral bone could be associated with more pain., (Copyright © 2024 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Vertebral compression fractures by osteoporosis (OVF) is usually a diagnostic problem and coincides on the age group of metastatic vertebral compression fractures (MVF). Although radiography is the first diagnostic technique, generally is not accurate for depicting demineralization and soft tissue lesions. Magnetic resonance (MRI) is the diagnostic choice. The most relevant signs are Intravertebral fluid collection or fluid signal, other vertebral deformities without edema and older age. Among the most relevant findings for diagnosis MVF are soft tissue mass and pedicle intensity signal asymmetries. However, reproducibility of these findings in clinical practice is moderate., (Copyright © 2024 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Vertebral compression fractures by osteoporosis (OVF) is usually a diagnostic problem and coincides on the age group of metastatic vertebral compression fractures (MVF). Although radiography is the first diagnostic technique, generally is not accurate for depicting demineralization and soft tissue lesions. Magnetic resonance (MRI) is the diagnostic choice. The most relevant signs are intravertebral fluid collection or fluid signal, other vertebral deformities without oedema and older age. Among the most relevant findings for diagnosis MVF are soft tissue mass and pedicle intensity signal asymmetries. However, reproducibility of these findings in clinical practice is moderate., (Copyright © 2024 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los tumores cerebrales son lesiones de gran diversidad histológica y genética, de ellos los gliomas son el grupo más frecuente. Los avances imagenológicos enfocados en la resonancia magnética avanzada y funcional, así como la categorización genética han permitido mejorar el enfoque terapéutico de estos pacientes, pero sin cambios significativos en el pronóstico. OBJETIVO: Reconocer la capacidad de la Espectroscopía, Perfusión y Difusión para el diagnóstico preoperatorio sobre las características histopatológicas e inmunohistoquímicas de las lesiones ocupantes de espacio de origen glial. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se aplicaron técnicas de resonancia magnética avanzada (Espectroscopia - Perfusión - Difusión) a los pacientes con lesiones ocupantes de espacio en SNC con diagnóstico histopatológico de gliomas. Se correlacionaron estos resultados con el análisis histopatológico e inmunohistoquímico de las piezas quirúrgicas. Se revisó la asociación de estos índices imagenológicos (Índice Cho/Cr-Cho/NAA-NAA/Cr-DWI-rCVB) con la histología y la inmunohistoquímica en relación al índice de replicación celular de estas lesiones (anticuerpo KI 67) RESULTADOS: Se evidenció una relación entre aumento de índices de espectroscopia (Cho/Cr y Cho/NAA) e índices de difusión (DWI) y su relación con KI67/MIB1 en tumores de alto grado. DISCUSIÓN: Si bien los resultados no pueden probarse de forma estadística debido al tamaño de la muestra se puede evidenciar asociación entre hallazgos imagenológicos preoperatorios con características genéticas tumorales de forma preoperatoria. CONCLUSION: Las técnicas imagenológicas han avanzado en forma significativa en las últimas décadas, pero poco se ha logrado influir en el pronóstico de pacientes con lesiones gliales del SNC. La posibilidad de conocer en una etapa preoperatoria de las características histológicas e inmunohistoquímicas de los tumores primarios del SNC podría ser de gran ayuda en el abordaje interdisciplinario de estas lesiones.

Purpose of the study: determine the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging in anterior cruciate ligament injuries and associated injuries through arthroscopic findings. Material and methods: this is a retrospective, longitudinal, cross-sectional study in 96 patients with ACL injuries were included and who underwent arthroscopic surgery; arthroscopic findings were compared with diagnostic magnetic resonance images as well as associated lesions. Results: for ACL lesions the following data were found in relation to the agreement by MRI and arthroscopic findings; 93.68% sensitivity, 100% specificity. Negative predictor value of 14.28% and a positive predictor value of 100%. Conclusion: MRI is an accurate and non-invasive imaging modality for the evaluation of knee injuries, the diagnostic association is considerably high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Myocarditis is a multifactorial inflammatory condition of the myocardium. Recently myocarditis has been recognized as an adverse event in patients vaccinated against COVID-19 with Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna (mRNA vaccines), mainly in adolescents and young adults. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) allows the characterization of myocardial tissue and cardiac function and has become the non-invasive diagnostic gold standard in patients with suspected acute myocarditis. The authors present a 16-year-old male case with stabbing chest pain after the second dose of immunization against SARS-CoV-2 with the BNT162B2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine. The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed disclosed ST-segment elevation, and increased myocardial injury markers were also observed. Angio tomography (AngioCT) showed subtle signs of myocardial hypoperfusion and left ventricular dysfunction. Gadolinium CMR was performed, identifying global hypokinesis of the left ventricle (LV), myocardial edema hyperemia and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) as evidence of myocardial injury, and markers of non-ischemic intramyocardial inflammatory lesion. Having excluded other etiologies, this presentation of acute myocarditis is proposed to be an adverse reaction associated with the BNT162b2 vaccine against COVID-19. The long-term risks of the COVID-19 vaccine in children, adolescents and young adults are still unknown, and further investigation will be needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lissencephaly is characterized by the absence (agiria) or reduction (paquigiria) of the cerebral convolutions, caused by an abnormal neuronal migration in the neocortex. We present the case of an 8-month-old male with a prominent forehead, nostrils in anteversion, prominent upper lip, micrognathia, delayed psychomotor development, epileptic seizures characterized by flexion spasms, with a previous diagnosis of West Syndrome, who is referred to our service for assessment and through MRI the presence of lissencephaly associated with Miller-Dieker syndrome was identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the findings in pediatric patients referred for low back pain to a magnetic resonance imaging study. Material and methods: Retrospective study were carried out in adolescent patients with low back pain who underwent magnetic resonance between 2019 and 2021 at the Centro Integral de Interpretación para el Diagnóstico (CIID) of Laboratorio Médico Polanco. Results: In which 135 cases were included with an average age of 15.04 ± 1.62 years of age, in 90.44% abnormal findings were found mainly in the L4-S1 area (84.2%), finding a higher incidence in discopathies (70.4%). Conclusion: Therefore, it is concluded that in pediatric patients with chronic low back pain and referred to Magnetic Resonance, the possibility of anomalies is higher than 90%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: El esguince agudo de tobillo es una de las lesiones musculoesqueléticas más frecuentes. Su creciente estudio con resonancia magnética llevado a una mayor detección de edema óseo. El edema óseo por contusión consiste en una fractura ósea subcondral microtrabecular del hueso esponjoso junto con hemorragia local y edema. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar una posible relación estadística entre la lesión ligamentaria de tobillo y la localización del edema óseo. Materiales y Métodos: Entre 2016, 2018, se analizaron 50 resonancias de pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de esguince sin lesión ósea en la radiografía. Dos radiólogos independientes analizaron las secuencias T1 y T2 en los planos coronal, axial y sagital. Se comparó la localización del edema óseo y las lesiones ligamentarias con el fin de encontrar posibles asociaciones. Resultados: No hubo diferencias en la presencia del edema óseo en relación con el ligamento lesionado como consecuencia de un esguince de tobillo (p >0,05). En general, el edema óseo fue más frecuente en la cabeza y el cuello del astrágalo (64%). No se halló una relación estadística entre la localización del edema óseo y el ligamento lesionado (p >0,05). Conclusiones: El edema óseo es un hallazgo frecuente en la resonancia magnética después de una lesión ligamentaria a causa de esguinces de tobillo; sin embargo, no hay evidencia de una relación entre la localización del edema y el ligamento lesionado. Nivel de Evidencia: II

La tenosinovitis es una manifestación frecuente de la artritis reumatoidea (AR), asociada a la presencia de rupturas tendinosas, discapacidad funcional y procesos erosivos de las articulaciones adyacentes. En los últimos años el manejo clínico de la AR ha sido respaldado por diferentes métodos de evaluación por imágenes, como la ultrasonografía (US) y la resonancia magnética (RM). Estas son herramientas de gran utilidad en la práctica clínica porque permiten la detección precoz de la actividad de la enfermedad y, por lo tanto, un tratamiento oportuno. Por medio de diferentes escalas de evaluación del daño articular y periarticular (como el tendinoso) es posible valorar el estado de la enfermedad y la respuesta al tratamiento. La presente revisión tiene como objetivo describir las escalas de evaluación de la RM y la US en la valoración de la tenosinovitis en pacientes con AR.

Introducción: la anomalía congénita del disco óptico conocida como “morning glory” (MG) es un desarrollo anómalo del nervio óptico, caracterizado por una cavidad amplia en forma de embudo del disco en el punto donde salen las fibras del nervio de la retina. Su presentación más frecuente es unilateral. La mayoría de los casos son aislados y no se asocian con anomalías sistémicas. Objetivo: se presenta el caso de un niño de 1 año con MG y los hallazgos imagenológicos. Caso clínico: presentamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 1 año con sospecha de patología visual; en el estudio se realizó resonancia magnética cerebral (RM) en la que se identificó excavación en forma de embudo de la papila del globo ocular izquierdo, alteración en la morfología del quiasma óptico con desplazamiento inferior asimétrico y engrosamiento del infundíbulo y del tallo hipofisiario. Discusión: el diagnóstico de MG es clínico, las imágenes aportan información adicional sobre anomalías oculares, craneofaciales y vasculares asociadas. En este caso además de la lesión ocular había anomalías de estructuras de línea media como el infundíbulo y el tallo hipofisiario, además de engrosamiento quiasmático. Conclusión: la valoración por imágenes en fundamental, no solo para describir la alteración del nervio óptico, si no para identificar y describir anomalías asociadas para realizar manejo integral del paciente.

Congenital anomalies of seminal vesicles are a rare clinical entity, which is demonstrated by the limited number of cases reported in the literature about their incidence. This is the case report of a 33-year-old patient, asymptomatic, with infertility and with a physical examination within normal parameters. As part of his diagnostic assessment, a magnetic resonance imaging was performed, which reported as a conclusion the fusion of the right seminal vesicle with the contralateral one. This fusion extends through the midline with blood content. The patient continues with his evaluation for infertility. Congenital malformations of the seminal vesicles are subdivided into agenesis, hypoplasia, fusion, duplication, or cysts, with the possible effect of infertility. These malformations are usually findings in magnetic resonance imaging and generally lack pathological implications; however, it is relevant to know about their existence due to the repercussion on the surgical approach during radical prostatectomy, modifying the dissection to an extensive dissection and avoiding injury to the vascular-nerve bundles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fact that self-locating catheters have a piece of metal at the tip leads to doubt and uncertainty around performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with this type of catheter.We simulated a peritoneum with a weighted catheter to ascertain how the catheter behaved during MRI scans in 1.5 T and 3 T machines. We also reviewed cases in which MRI had been performed in patients with this type of catheter.In the simulation, the tip of the self-locating peritoneal catheter caused a magnetic susceptibility artefact that made it difficult to see nearby areas, but it proved to be a safe device for MRI. 14 MRI scans were performed in patients with self-locating catheters, none in the abdominal area. There were no complications in the patients or the technique after performing MRI. Resumen: La presencia de una pieza de metal en el extremo de los catéteres autoposicionantes provoca dudas e incertidumbres a la hora de realizar una resonancia magnética (RM) a pacientes que portan este tipo de catéter.Simulamos un peritoneo con un catéter lastrado para comprobar el comportamiento del catéter durante la realización de una resonancia en equipos 1,5 T y 3 T. Y revisamos los casos en los que se realizaron RM en pacientes con este tipo de catéter.En la simulación, la punta del catéter peritoneal autoposicionante provoca un artefacto de susceptibilidad magnética que dificulta la visión de zonas cercanas, pero se comporta como dispositivo seguro para la RM. Se realizaron 14 RM en pacientes con catéteres autoposicionantes, ninguna en la zona abdominal. No hubo complicaciones en los pacientes ni en la técnica tras la realización de RM.

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El cáncer de mama es el más común entre las mujeres en todo el mundo: representa el 16% de todos los cánceres femeninos. Se diagnostica a más mujeres con cáncer de mama que ningún otro cáncer y se ha convertido de nuevo en la principal causa de cáncer de todo el mundo desplazando al de pulmón (1). En 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) reportó más de 2,2 millones de nuevos casos y 685.000 mujeres fallecieron como consecuencia de esa enfermedad., cerca de una de cada 12 mujeres enfermarán de cáncer de mama a lo largo de su vida. La detección precoz sigue siendo la mejor estrategia para mejorar el pronóstico del cáncer de mama, y la mamografía sigue siendo el método estándar de detección en mujeres mayores de 40 años, con una sensibilidad del 70% y una especificidad del 92% en la población general. Diferentes estudios han demostrado que la detección con mamografía tiene un efecto sobre la mortalidad por cáncer de mama. A pesar de esto, la mamografía ha demostrado un bajo rendimiento en la detección de cáncer en pacientes con tejido mamario denso, para contrarrestar este problema, se han propuesto otras modalidades de estudios de imagen, como la tomosíntesis, la cual es una variación de la mamografía que genera imágenes tridimensionales, el ultrasonido mamario, que es útil como estudio complementario e imágenes por resonancia magnética (RM), que actualmente se propone como una alternativa eficaz de detección en la población de alto riesgo.

Extracellular gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) are commonly used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because they increase the detection of alterations, improve tissue characterisation and enable a more precise differential diagnosis. GBCAs are considered to be safe but they are not risk-free. When using GBCAs, it is important to be aware of the risks and to know how to react in different situations (pregnancy, breastfeeding, kidney failure) including if complications occur (extravasations, adverse, allergic or anaphylactic reactions). The article describes the characteristics of the gadolinium molecule, the differences in the biochemical structure of these GBCA, their biodistribution and the effect on the MRI signal. It also reviews safety aspects and the most common clinical applications., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

Contrast media (CM) were first used soon after the discovery of X-rays in 1895. Ever since, continuous technological development and pharmaceutical research has led to tremendous progress in radiology, more available techniques and contrast media, and expanded knowledge around their indications. A greater prevalence of chronic diseases, population ageing, and the rise in diagnosis and survival times among cancer patients have resulted in a growing demand for diagnostic imaging and an increased consumption of CM. This article presents the main lines of research in CM development which seek to minimise toxicity and maximise efficacy, opening up new diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities through new molecules or nanomedicine. The sector, which is continuously evolving, faces challenges such as shortages and the need for more equitable and sustainable practices., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 SERAM. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon and clinically heterogeneous cerebrovascular particularly in children, only a few published case series focused in the pediatric population., Patients and Methods: Retrospective single-center observational and analytical study of consecutive pediatric patients admitted in a level II Portuguese hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of CVT, from 2003 to 2021. Clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings, prothrombotic factors, treatment strategies, outcome and recanalization were documented., Results: Twelve children were included (58% female). Mean age was 7.3 years. The most frequent symptoms were vomiting, headache and behavioral alterations. Infection was the triggering factor in 50% of the cases. The diagnosis of CVT was made based on imaging evidence of thrombosis through magnetic imaging resonance (MRI) with venography and/or computed tomography (CT) with venography. In 67% of cases there were multiples sinuses involved; the transverse sinus was the most affected, followed by the sigmoid sinus. In 83% of cases anticoagulant therapy was initiated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and associated prothrombotic factors were investigated, with no major prothrombotic factors identified. No deaths occurred, but 30% had long-term neurological sequelae. One patient recurred 18 years later., Conclusion: The results of this study are consistent with data from other published studies. MRI is the preferred imaging method for diagnosis in children by avoiding ionizing radiation and allowing identification of subjacent causes. Anticoagulation with LMWH is recommended and important to reduce mortality and sequelae. Infectious diseases are the most common trigger for CVT and can also be the cause for high morbidity and poor outcomes., (Copyright © 2022 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To determine if subchondral bone damage can influence the clinical results of intraarticular platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) treatment in knee osteoarthritic patients., Material and Methods: A retrospective review of patients treated with intraarticular PRP injections for knee osteoarthritis who previously underwent a Magnetic Resonance (MR) of the knee was performed. Visual Analogic Score (VAS) was assesed for pain, whereas WORMS MR score was adapted to assess the damage to the subchondral bone (WORMSsc score)., Results: Sixty-one patients were treated with 3 weekly injections of PRP. Mean VAS reduction was 27.67±13.13 points (P<.005). WORMS sc mean score was 32±18.5 points. NO correlation between WORMSsc and VAS was found. A moderate correlation between WORMSsc score and Preoperative VAS was found (r=.43; P<.005)., Conclusion: There is no correlation between the damage to the subchondral bone assesed by MR and pain relief at 12 weeks in patients treated with intraarticular platelet-rich plasma in patients with knee osteoarthritis. A greater damage to the subchondral bone could be associated with more pain., (Copyright © 2024 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

The aim of this work is to provide a diagnostic approach to the potential causes of optic neuropathy, focusing on the radiological findings associated with this pathology. Various etiologies have been identified, including inflammatory and demyelinating optic neuritis, developmental and hereditary diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, infectious conditions, post-traumatic causes, ischemic optic neuropathy (with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy being the most common form), and neoplastic etiologies. Optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging play a fundamental role in the diagnosis of optic neuropathy, allowing to distinguish patterns of optic nerve involvement. These studies are essential to locate and characterize the different pathologies, increasing the precision of the diagnosis in diseases presenting optic neuropathy as the main symptom. In conclusion, the findings obtained from magnetic resonance imaging are essential in the differential diagnosis of optic nerve diseases, aiding in the localization and characterization of various pathologies affecting either the optic pathway alone or multiple levels of the central nervous system and thereby increasing diagnostic accuracy., (Copyright © 2023 SERAM. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

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