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Isinay is a highly endangered Central Cordilleran language spoken in northern Luzon, Philippines. This paper discusses noun phrase structures in Isinay and how Spanish missionaries translating the Roman Catholic catechism in the 17th century created an innovative structure that marks definiteness by calquing from corresponding Spanish structures. We present arguments for a loan translation analysis and show how it cannot have developed from phrase structures inherited from an ancestor languages., Language Documentation and Description, Vol. 17 (2020)

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Most women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative (HR+/HER2−) breast cancer will ultimately develop endocrine-resistant disease, either primary or acquired. This review will discuss the proposed mechanisms underlying endocrine resistance and key advances in the treatment of endocrine-resistant breast cancer. RECENT FINDINGS: Estrogen receptor 1 mutations (ESR1) occur in the majority of patients with HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer after prolonged exposure to aromatase inhibitors. Data from the SoFEA trial showed that patients had improved progression-free survival (PFS) after taking fulvestrant compared with exemestane. Fulvestrant is currently the only selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) available and development of oral novel SERDs with higher bioavailability and potency are currently being investigated. SUMMARY: Despite significant advances in the treatment of HR+/HER2− breast cancer over the past four decades, a significant proportion of patients do still develop endocrine resistance following optimal endocrine therapy. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the different classes of novel agents currently being investigated to overcome endocrine resistance.

The mainstay of treatment for early-stage and locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is chemotherapy. Anthracycline−/alkylator- and taxane-based regimens are considered the standard of care for the systemic treatment of high-risk triple-negative disease. Common approaches include sequential anthracycline/alkylator followed by taxane or concurrent delivery of an anthracycline, an alkylator, and a taxane. Shorter courses of treatment are considered appropriate for lower-risk triple-negative, node-negative tumors less than 1 cm. Despite treatment with anthracycline- and taxane-based chemotherapy regimens, about 30% of early-stage TNBC develop recurrent and metastatic disease, and many efforts are focused on how to optimize our current neoadjuvant and adjuvant approaches. Incorporation of platinum agents in the neoadjuvant setting appears promising, but long-term outcome data are needed. Treatment of high residual disease burden with additional chemotherapy after completion of neoadjuvant therapy is becoming an important area of investigation. The hope is that newer biologically driven strategies and development of biomarkers will lead to more effective and individualized therapy for TNBC.

This is the first JSEALS special publication since JSEALS became a University of Hawai‘i Press publication as of January 2017. The goal of JSEALS special publications is to share collections of linguistics articles, such as select papers from conferences or other special research agendas, as well as to offer a way for linguistic researchers in the greater Southeast Asian region to publish monograph-length works. In this instance, Hsiu-chuan Liao, the primary editor of this publication, requested that papers from the 2015 13-ICAL meeting be published through JSEALS, which we were able to complete in a timely manner. The five papers include works by prominent names in the field of Austronesian historical linguistics.

This is a collection of five select articles on Austronesian historical linguistics from the 13-ICAL (International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics) in Taipei in 2015. The papers include "Mora, Vowel Length, and Diachrony: the Case of Arta, a Philippine Negrito Language" by Yukinori Kimoto, "Re-evaluating the Position of Iraya among Philippine Languages" by Lawrence A. Reid, "Reconstructing Proto Kenyah Pronouns and the Development of a True Five Number System" by Alexander D. Smith, "Linguistic Evidence for Prehistory: Oceanic Examples" by Malcolm Ross and "Classifying Old Rapa: Linguistic Evidence for Contact Networks in Southeast Polynesia" by Mary Walworth.

1579 Background: Per national practice guidelines, pre-test genetic counseling (GC) through a board-certified or credentialed genetics health professional (GHP) is recommended when testing for hereditary cancer. We sought to compare differences in rates of pre-test GC among young breast cancer (BC) patients tested with or without GHP involvement across three racial groups (Black, Hispanic and non-Hispanic white (NHW)). Methods: A population-based sample of Black, Hispanic and NHW women diagnosed with invasive BC ≤ age 50 from 2009 to 2012 were recruited through the Florida State Cancer Registry. Participants were asked to complete a baseline questionnaire and release medical records for verification of clinical information and genetic testing. We compared the rates of pre-test GC across racial groups in women tested with or without GHP involvement using Analysis of Variance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was also conducted to adjust for potential confounders. Results: Of 1618 participants, 828 had genetic testing based on medical records and/or self-reported on their questionnaire. There were 170 (20.5%) with GHP involvement (either through consultation and/or test ordering) and the remaining 658 women (79.5%) had no documentation of GHP involvement. Among patients tested without GHP involvement, rates of pre-test GC were significantly lower among Black women (34.8%) compared to Hispanics (80%) and NHW (78.7%) (p < 0.001). In contrast, among those with GHP involvement, rates of pre-test GC were similar among Black (89.7%), Hispanic (81.1%) and NHW (84.6%) (p = 0.89). Conclusions: Our results suggest that among young breast cancer patients tested for hereditary cancer without GHP involvement, Blacks were significantly less likely to receive pre-test GC, compared to the other two groups. In contrast, rates of pre-test GC among those with GHP involvement were similar across all groups. These results suggest a disparity in receipt of pre-test GC (which is standard of care per national guidelines) among Blacks tested without GHP involvement. These findings are concerning given the need to offer guideline-adherent care to all patients receiving hereditary cancer testing.

C-36, Contents ivINTRODUCTION v Acknowledgements vi The Spelling System and Pronunciation of Bontok vii Arrangement of Entries in the Dictionary xBONTOK-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 1ENGLISH-BONTOK FINDER LIST 329

TOWARDS A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PRONOMINAL SYSTEMS OF PROTO-CORDILLERAN, PHILIPPINES. 259 1. INTRODUCTION 259 2. PRONOUN SETS 260 3. PC PRONOUNS: INTERNAL EVIDENCE 261 4. PC PRONOUNS: EXTERNAL AND PNC EVIDENCE 265 4.1 First person singular (1 s.) 265 4.2 Second person singular (2 s.) 266 4.3 Dual person (1+2 s.) 267 4.4 Third person singular (3 s.) 267 4.5 First person exclusive plural (1 p.) 268 4.6 Second person plural (2 p.) 268 4.7 First person inclusive plural (1+2 p.) 270 4.8 Third person plural (3 p.) 271 5. THE OBLIQUE PRONOUNS 271 6. CONCLUSION 271Notes 273Bibliography 274

Contents ivINTRODUCTION v Acknowledgements vi The Spelling System and Pronunciation of Bontok vii Arrangement of Entries in the Dictionary x