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© 2021 Published by Shahid Chamran University of AhvazIn this paper, the influence of equivalence ratio on the low-temperature reaction heat release (LTR-HR) and hightemperature reaction heat release (HTR-HR) of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine has been experimentally and numerically examined. The numerical study was performed using zero-dimensional (0D) single-zone model by considering the chemical kinetic of fuel combustion. Annand, Woschni, Hohenberg, Chang (Assanis), and Hensel semi-empirical heat transfer models were employed in the 0D single-zone simulations. In this study, the in-cylinder pressure, rate of heat release, LTR-HR and HTR-HR were investigated. The Hensel heat transfer model was the only model that predicted the combustion in all of the operating conditions. The Hohenberg model properly recognized the effects of equivalence ratio changes on the HTR-HR.

Wound healing is a complex process and is influenced by different factors. Aimed to enhance the wound healing procedure, the Moxifloxacin bilayer wafer was designed, optimized and evaluated as an advanced wound healing dressing. The wafers were prepared by the lyophilization and casting method. Optimization was done according to the results of bioadhesion force, swelling index, release rate, T40 and T90 (the time to reach 40% and 90% of release). The optimized wafer was evaluated against in-vitro and in-vivo efficacy using the disc diffusion method and histologic evaluation after application on the wound. The optimized formulation contained HPMC, MC, gelatin and PVP with mounts of 50 mg, 25 mg, 2 mg and 10 mg respectively. The hydrophilic bilayer wafer is adhered to the wound up to the end of wound healing. Application of optimized formulation led to the healing of wound 6 days faster without any sign of infection. The application of this wafer promoted wound healing and epithelium regeneration without any inflammation.

In this paper, the influence of the equivalence ratio on combustioncharacteristics has been examined by considering 16 differentoperating conditions. The fuel used in this research is gasoline and theignition takes place in two stages. The first stage of combustion is dueto low-temperature reaction heat release (LTRHR), and the secondstage is related to the high-temperature reaction heat release(HTRHR). The three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (3DCFD) with chemical kinetics has been chosen as the numerical method.In all of the studied operating conditions, the 3D-CFD simulations wereable to see the combustion properly and the increase of maximumpressure and maximum rate of heat release (ROHRmax) with the rise ofthe equivalence ratio was properly observed. Also, by increasing theequivalence ratio, the 3D-CFD model show advanced maximumpressure and ROHRmax but mistakenly predicted the start of LTRHRmore delayed, while the HTRHR was properly predicted.