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The article presents a study on the impact of iron ore pellet size on its properties and microstructure. It cites that pellets properties and microstructure depend on raw material mix proportion. Also, reduction and oxidation process occur under various conditions due to pellet size differences. Pellets size from +eight to -12 mm have good strength with lower reduction degradation index (RDI) which are significantly affected by hematite, magnetite, porosity, pore density and size and slag phase.

The article presents on a study on the effect of alumina in iron ore on sinter properties and productivity in the conventional and selective granulation sintering process. The selective granulation process was used with ore fines of different alumina levels while the conventional granulation process was used with the same levels. It was revealed that increase in alumina levels also increase the pore size and number of pores in both process but the conventional pore shape become more irregular.

With increased usage of steel for critical applications, the demand for cleaner steel has increased. Existing technologies have been improved and new technologies are being introduced all along the process route to minimise the size and quantity of inclusions. In continuous casting, the function of tundish has changed from its early role as a liquid steel buffer to a multifunctional vessel, dominating quality adjustments, specifically inclusion flotation. To meet stringent cleanliness requirements, a methodology of forced flotation of inclusions by controlled bubbling of inert gas in tundish was developed and investigated. Location of the bubbling arrangement was optimised using the flow profile generated by water modelling experiments. Optimum gas flowrates were calculated mathematically and further adjusted with a series of experiments. Extensive plant scale trials were used to optimise the process parameters and bring the technology to practice. There was a 33–70% reduction in inclusions of size greater than 50 μm and a 13–36% reduction in inclusions 25–50 μm. Inclusion removal reduced at higher casting speeds. Under steady state conditions, efficiency of inclusion flotation was found to be a function of casting speed. Additionally, a significant reduction in oxide build-up and nozzle clogging was observed thus lengthening refractory life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The present study assessed the three-dimensional bone loss, at three different levels, around implants placed immediately after extraction using the socket shield method versus immediate implant placement., Materials and Methods: A non-randomized clinical trial was conducted in 30 cases divided into two groups: socket shield method and immediate implant placement (15 cases each). Horizontal bone width (HBW) (at three different levels from baseline) and vertical bone level (VBL) (mesial and distal surfaces of the implant) were measured preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively by using cone beam computed tomography and radio visio graphy., Results: The mean difference at 2-mm and 8-mm HBW from the baseline was better in the socket shield technique, although the results were not significant. Significant results were found in Levene's test for equality of error variances. The VBL was significant at both the distal and mesial surfaces of the implant., Conclusion: The socket shield approach demonstrated promising clinical outcomes in preserving alveolar ridge morphology. It can be utilized as a substitute for the typical instantaneous implant placement in the aesthetic zone., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.)

The changes in interproximal contact between implant supported prosthesis (ISP) and adjacent natural tooth is of interest to dentists. Hence, we evaluated the tightness of proximal contact (PCT) between adjacent natural tooth and ISP by applying a digital force gauge spanning over a period of 1.5 year with a regular follow-up of 3, 6, and 12 months.80 patients who received ISP were included in this study. In order to measure the PCT, every patient seated in the identical upright position in the dentist chair. The digital force gauge was used to take measurements for mesial PCT and distal PCT. The mesial as well as distal interproximal contacts was more tight as in case of natural tooth adjacent to other natural tooth as compared to interproximal contacts between ISP and adjacent natural tooth. It was also observed that as the time progressed there was decrease in PCT values in both categories. After 12 month follow up 30.6% cases in category 2 while 21.2% cases in category 1 showed complete loss of interproximal contact. There is significant change in proximal contact tightness in interproximal area between implant supported prosthesis and adjacent natural tooth over a period of time and necessary measures should be taken to prevent or reduce it., (© 2024 Biomedical Informatics.)

Introduction: In stomatology, the evaluation of bite power is crucial. It is considered a significant objective approach to evaluating masticatory performance. Bite force has become a significant outcome analysis index for various therapies in dentistry research. Presently several devices being used globally have their graces and faults. They are costly and also not available easily to the general dental practitioner., Objectives: Development of a novel indigenous instrument for the measurement of human bite force., Methods: This paper describes an indigenously developed and researched instrument to measure human bite force. The sensor data (change in electronic resistance under applied force) will be read by the microprocessor and converted to force values in newton. The bite force result will be instantly displayed on the screen of the instrument and the device with which it is connected., Results: The developed instrument is handy and user-friendly and can measure bite force accurately and repeatedly., Conclusions: In this research paper, an economical, lightweight, user-friendly, accurate, and reproducible human bite force measurement device is explained, which has been developed indigenously., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2023 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.)

Aim: To analyze quantitatively the trends in publication and compare the scientific content published during 2011-2015 and 2016-2020., Materials and Methods: An online search for all the different manuscripts published from 2011 to 2020 was performed electronically on the website of the Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society (JIPS) . The manuscripts were grouped into the following broader categories: Author, article grouping, original article subtype, prosthetic division, and statistical analysis., Results: The authors from private institutions showed higher publication trends than the authors from government institutions. The period 2016-2020 showed a higher number of publications with four or more authors. There was more original research published, followed by case reports. There was an increasing trend in a systematic review during 2016-2020 as compared to the period 2011-2015. There were a greater number of in vitro experimental studies published with a comparison of the means in the statistical analysis. There was more publication on materials and technology, followed by implants in the prosthetic division of articles., Conclusion: The analysis shows the overall progress of the journal explains the characteristics of the authors involved in the research, highlights the types of research done, statistical methods used, and important areas of research and trends in research in prosthodontics at a national level., Clinical Significance: The publication trends will focus on the research thrust areas and the type of research done in the specialty, pointing out the gaps in the research and identifying the future course of action for authors and journals. It also helps for comparison with international publication trends in prosthodontics and provides information to prospective authors to focus research on the priority areas of the concerned journal for better acceptance.