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51. Social Issues Faced by Spinal Cord Injury Patient with Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction – A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

U. Sumiya Begam, P. Thirunavukkarasu, A. Rajakumar, K. Chitrarasu, R. M. Kamakshi, K. Premalatha, and A. Guna

Subjects
bladder and bowel dysfunction, social issues, spinal cord injury, Medicine
Abstract

Background: The disruption of autonomic function following a spinal cord injury (SCI) is common and can negatively affect quality of life. As social engagement and relationships are critical for well-being and quality of life, it is important to gain a detailed understandings about how bladder and bowel dysfunction impact on social participation. People living with SCI can experience diminished opportunities to socialise and develop relationships because of problems such as a lack of financial and transportation resources, poor environmental accessibility, the negative attitudes of others and depression. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine social issues faced by SCI patients with bladder and bowel dysfunction. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Fifty-five SCI patients with bladder and bowel dysfunction were recruited for this study. Materials and Methods: International SCI survey questionnaires were used and telephonic call interviews were done. Results: Quadriplegic patients faced issues for bowel and bladder management, architectural barriers and psychosocial issues than paraplegic persons. Conclusion: This study emphasize on the importance of health education and psychological counselling to the SCI patients as well as to their family. This study also throws light on the areas where we as a society needs to improve to provide a better environment for the disabled so as to make their lives less troublesome.

Published
2024
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59. 'Let's not Quote out of Context': Unified Vision-Language Pretraining for Context Assisted Image Captioning

Author

Kalarani, Abisek Rajakumar, Bhattacharyya, Pushpak, Chhaya, Niyati, and Shekhar, Sumit

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Well-formed context aware image captions and tags in enterprise content such as marketing material are critical to ensure their brand presence and content recall. Manual creation and updates to ensure the same is non trivial given the scale and the tedium towards this task. We propose a new unified Vision-Language (VL) model based on the One For All (OFA) model, with a focus on context-assisted image captioning where the caption is generated based on both the image and its context. Our approach aims to overcome the context-independent (image and text are treated independently) nature of the existing approaches. We exploit context by pretraining our model with datasets of three tasks: news image captioning where the news article is the context, contextual visual entailment, and keyword extraction from the context. The second pretraining task is a new VL task, and we construct and release two datasets for the task with 1.1M and 2.2K data instances. Our system achieves state-of-the-art results with an improvement of up to 8.34 CIDEr score on the benchmark news image captioning datasets. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first effort at incorporating contextual information in pretraining the models for the VL tasks.

Published
2023

60. A Match Made in Heaven: A Multi-task Framework for Hyperbole and Metaphor Detection

Author

Badathala, Naveen, Kalarani, Abisek Rajakumar, Siledar, Tejpalsingh, and Bhattacharyya, Pushpak

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Hyperbole and metaphor are common in day-to-day communication (e.g., "I am in deep trouble": how does trouble have depth?), which makes their detection important, especially in a conversational AI setting. Existing approaches to automatically detect metaphor and hyperbole have studied these language phenomena independently, but their relationship has hardly, if ever, been explored computationally. In this paper, we propose a multi-task deep learning framework to detect hyperbole and metaphor simultaneously. We hypothesize that metaphors help in hyperbole detection, and vice-versa. To test this hypothesis, we annotate two hyperbole datasets- HYPO and HYPO-L- with metaphor labels. Simultaneously, we annotate two metaphor datasets- TroFi and LCC- with hyperbole labels. Experiments using these datasets give an improvement of the state of the art of hyperbole detection by 12%. Additionally, our multi-task learning (MTL) approach shows an improvement of up to 17% over single-task learning (STL) for both hyperbole and metaphor detection, supporting our hypothesis. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first demonstration of computational leveraging of linguistic intimacy between metaphor and hyperbole, leading to showing the superiority of MTL over STL for hyperbole and metaphor detection.

Published
2023

63. A Survey

Author

Jayalakshmi, P. Radha, primary and Rajakumar, P. S., additional

Published
2024
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64. Prevalence of hemoglobinopathies among Malayali tribes of Jawadhu hills, Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India: a community-based cross-sectional study

Author

Balasubramanian Ganesh, Thangarasu Rajakumar, Subhendu Kumar Acharya, Shanmugasundaram Devika, Venkatachalam Ramachandran, Jayaram Yuvaraj, Anita Nadkarni, Shanmugam Rajasubramaniam, and Harpreet Kaur

Subjects
Hemoglobinopathies, thalassemia, Malayali tribes, Jawadhu Hills, Tamil Nadu, India, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract

Background Hemoglobin (Hb), a red pigment of red blood cells (RBCs), carries oxygen from the lungs to different organs of the body and transports carbon dioxide back to the lungs. Any fault present in the Hb structure leads to undesirable functional effects of the RBCs, such as sickle cell anemia (SCA), thalassemia, etc. Hemoglobinopathies affect around 7% of people in both developed and developing countries globally. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and carrier frequencies of hemoglobinopathies including SCA, thalassemia, and other abnormal Hb variants among Malayali tribes in the Jawadhu hills of Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India.Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 443 Malayali tribes inhabiting the Jawadhu hills of Tiruvannamalai district from July 2022 to September 2022. The RBC indices were analyzed using an automated 5-part hematology analyzer (Mindray, BC-5150) and hemoglobin fractions were done using the HPLC system (Bio-Rad, D-10) following standard protocols.Findings A total of 443 participants were screened, out of whom 14.67% had an abnormal Hb fraction, 83.30% were identified as normal, and 2.03% were borderline. Notably, the study revealed a prevalence of 0.68% for the α-thalassemia trait and 13.99% for the β-thalassemia trait.Interpretation Haemoglobinopathies, specifically the β-thalassemia trait, were most prevalent among the Malayali tribal population of Tamil Nadu residing in the Jawadhu hills of Tiruvannamalai district. Hence, we need special attention for creating awareness, increasing hemoglobinopathies screening programs, and improving the importance of tribal health conditions by the government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) for the betterment of the ethnic tribes.

Published
2024
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69. NSTLBO-Based Approach for Optimal Scheduling of Hydrothermal Generating Units in Regulated Environment

Author

Pasupulati, Baburao, Sibbala, Bhargava Reddy, Sivakumar, S., Amosedinakaran, S., Palanisamy, Rajakumar, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, Shaw, Rabindra Nath, editor, Siano, Pierluigi, editor, Makhilef, Saad, editor, Ghosh, Ankush, editor, and Shimi, S. L., editor

Published
2024
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70. Performance of Fuzzy MPPT for a Distributed Photovoltaic System Under Changing Environmental Condition

Author

Rajakumar, P., Senthil Kumar, M., Sakthidasan, A., Sundar, R., Pasupulati, Baburao, Amosedinakaran, S., Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, Shaw, Rabindra Nath, editor, Siano, Pierluigi, editor, Makhilef, Saad, editor, Ghosh, Ankush, editor, and Shimi, S. L., editor

Published
2024
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71. Predictive Maintenance Model Using Hybrid Procedure of Improved Quantum Cat Swarm Optimisation for Asset Management in Industry 4.0

Author

Kanchana, S., Rajan, Dhivya, Mahaveerakannan, R., Sagar, K. V. Daya, Subramanian, P., Rajakumar, B., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Swaroop, Abhishek, editor, Polkowski, Zdzislaw, editor, Correia, Sérgio Duarte, editor, and Virdee, Bal, editor

Published
2024
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