158 results on '"Rabia SA"'
Search Results
52. Fractional order model to study the impact of planting genetically modified trees on the regulation of atmospheric carbon dioxide with analysis and modeling
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Muhammad Farman, Rabia Sarwar, Sameh Askar, Hijaz Ahmad, Muhammad Sultan, and Muhammad Manan Akram
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Fractal-fractional model ,Biological feasibility ,Uniqueness ,Ulam–Hyers stability ,Mittag–Leffler kernel ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
The hazard of global warming is principally caused by a rise in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2). One of the main carbon dioxide sinks is forests. In this study, we examine how atmospheric carbon dioxide can be controlled as a result of genetically modified planting trees. We create a system of fractional differential equations that represents a time-fractional order model. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses are performed for the fractional order system. positiveness and boundedness of solutions of the fractional order model are verified. Fixed point theory is used to derive the uniqueness and existence of the fractional order model. Examination of Ulam–Hyers stability as well as the iterative scheme is performed by using fixed point theory. To study the effect of the fractional operator, which demonstrates the dynamical behavior of the model, solutions are generated. To demonstrate how important parameters affect the dynamics of the forest cover and atmospheric CO2 gas, numerical simulations have been created. Fractional order memory effect is examined will assist in creating conditions depending on the model’s parameters. more...
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- 2023
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53. Multidimensional Asymptotically Lacunary Statistical Equivalent of Order α for Sequences of Fuzzy Numbers
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Rabia Savaş
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Asymptotically Statistical Equivalent ,Double Lacunary Sequences ,Statistical Limit Points ,Fuzzy Numbers ,Primary 40A99 ,Secondary 40A05 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
The main goal of this article is to present the notion of double asymptotically lacunary statistical equivalent of order α for sequences of fuzzy numbers by considering fuzzy numbers and Pringsheim limit. To accomplish this goal, we mainly investigate some fundamental properties of the newly introduced notion. Additionally, it should be note that some interesting inclusion theorems are examined and also new variations are presented. more...
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- 2022
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54. Author Correction: Influence of natural and non‑natural diets on the fitness and rearing of Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders
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Rabia Saeed, Muhammad Waqar Ul Hassan, Waqar Jaleel, Muhammad Ikhlaq, Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah, Safia Niaz, Rashid Azad, Rasheed Akbar, Zahid Mahmood, Adeel Mukhtar, Syed Muhammad Zaka, Khawaja G. Rasool, Mureed Husain, Montaser M. Hassan, Abdulrahman S. Aldawood, and Muhammad Shakeel more...
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Medicine ,Science - Published
- 2023
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55. Thermal analysis for $$A{l}_{2}{O}_{3}$$ A l 2 O 3 –sodium alginate magnetized Jeffrey’s nanofluid flow past a stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium
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Faisal Shahzad, Wasim Jamshed, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar, Nor Ain Azeany Mohd Nasir, Rabia Safdar, Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty, and I. S. Yahia
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) viscous Jeffrey heat transport flow past a permeable extending sheet is analyzed. The Alumina ( $$A{l}_{2}{O}_{3}$$ A l 2 O 3 ) is chosen as nanoparticles immersed in sodium alginate ( $$SA$$ SA ) as the based fluid. The effect of heat generation, Ohmic heating and viscous dissipation are also being investigated adopting Tiwari and Das model. The adequate similarity transformation is used to convert the governing equations to non-linear of higher-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The numerical solution of the transformed ODEs is accomplished using a finite-difference technique. The results are described in graphs according to selected parameters’ values provided. The flow velocity reductions when the porosity parameter is augmented. The thermal distribution is affected by the presence of $$Pr$$ Pr , $$M$$ M , $$\beta$$ β , $${\gamma }^{*}$$ γ ∗ , $${\delta }^{*}$$ δ ∗ and $$\phi$$ ϕ . Deborah number and the volume fraction of nanoparticles affect the skin friction coefficient in opposite ways. A higher volume percentage of nanoparticles and a higher Deborah number are both shown to boost the rate of heat transfer. These findings suggest that the concentration of nanoparticles can be used to manipulate heat transport and nanofluid motions. more...
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- 2022
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56. The Impact of the First and Second Waves of COVID‐19 Pandemic in Nigeria
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Benjamin Wisdom Joshua, Ibiyinka Fuwape, Babatunde Rabiu, Evanilton E. S. Pires, Rabia Salihu Sa'id, Toluwalope T. Ogunro, Oluwayomi Funmilola Awe, Olugbenga Olusegun Osunmakinwa, and Samuel Ogunjo
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COVID‐19 ,Nigeria ,case faterlity rate ,pandemic ,first wave ,Corona virus ,Environmental protection ,TD169-171.8 - Abstract
Abstract In recent times, the COVID‐19 pandemic has been the subject of global concern. It has so far claimed over 5.4 million lives globally, with over 291 million cases recorded worldwide as of 5 January 2022. It is known to have different waves and variants, thus making it difficult to handle/manage. This study investigates the impact of the first and second waves of COVID‐19 in Nigeria, West Africa. The data used is for the 36 states of Nigeria archived at the National Centre for Disease Control from February 2020 to April 2021. Results from the study reveal that the highest number of COVID‐19 cases during the first/second wave was recorded at Lagos (23,238/34,616), followed by the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) (6,770/12,911) and alternates between Plateau (3,858/5,170) and Kaduna (3,064/5,908). Similarly, the highest number of deaths (during the first/second wave) was also recorded in Lagos (220/219), followed by Edo (112/73), and then FCT (83/81). The Case Fatality Ratio (CFR) was observed to be higher mostly in northern Nigeria during the first wave and the southeast during the second wave of the pandemic. On the average, the number of cases/deaths recorded during the second wave was higher than those of the first wave, but a decrease in the CFR values was observed during the second wave. Higher values of COVID‐19 cases/death were mostly recorded in Nigeria during; maximum relative humidity (RH) (>70%) with minimum Temperatures ( more...
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- 2023
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57. Nitrogen enriched chemically produced carbon supplementary impacts on maize growth under saline soil conditions
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Musarrat Ramzan, Naila Sarwar, Liaqat Ali, Rabia Saba, Tahani Awad Alahmadi, and Rahul Datta
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Biochar ,Chlorophyll contents ,Electrolyte leakage ,Morphological attributes ,Carbon amendment ,Zea mays ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Poor organic matter and nitrogen (N) deficiency along with salinity in arid and semiarid region soils are major hurdles to optimization of cereal's yield. In different cereals, maize productivity is significantly decreased due to less availability of N in low organic matter soils. Scientists suggest the incorporation of organic fertilizers to overcome this issue. That’s why the current study was conducted to explore the effectiveness of chemically produced nitrate blended acidified carbon (NBC). There were 3 levels of NBC i.e., 0, 0.50 and 1.00% applied under naturally normal and saline soils having EC 2.75 and 6.19 dS/m respectively. Results showed that the addition of 1.00NBC was significantly better compared to 0NBC for improvement in maize growth attributes i.e., root (32.86 and 77.84%) and shoot (74.17 and 67.57%) length, shoot fresh (53.98 and 97.42%) and dry weight (53.20and 84.20%), root dry (45.97 and 53.66%) and fresh weight (45.62 and 25.14%) in normal and saline conditions respectively. A significant enhancement in chlorophyll a, b, total and carotenoids of maize leaves also validated the imperative role of 1.00NBC than 0NBC in saline and normal soil. Application of 1.00BC also significantly decreases leaves electrolyte leakage and Na concentration in root and leaves over 0NBC in saline soils. In conclusion, 1.00NBC is an effective amendment to improve maize growth in saline soil. More investigations are suggested on different cereal crops under variable agroclimatic zones to declare 1.00NBC as the most effective amendment for alleviation of salinity stress. more...
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- 2023
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58. Influence of entropy on Brinkman–Forchheimer model of MHD hybrid nanofluid flowing in enclosure containing rotating cylinder and undulating porous stratum
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Fares Redouane, Wasim Jamshed, S. Suriya Uma Devi, Belhadj M. Amine, Rabia Safdar, Khaled Al-Farhany, Mohamed R. Eid, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar, Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty, and I. S. Yahia
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The current article aims to discuss the natural convection heat transfer of Ag/Al2O3-water hybrid filled in an enclosure subjected to a uniform magnetic field and provided with a rotating cylinder and an inner undulated porous layer. The various thermo-physical parameters are investigated such as Rayleigh number ( $$100 \le Ra \le 100000$$ 100 ≤ R a ≤ 100000 ), Hartmann number ( $$0 \le Ha \le 100$$ 0 ≤ H a ≤ 100 ), and the nanoparticles concentration ( $$0.02 \le \phi \le 0.08$$ 0.02 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.08 ). Likewise, the rotational speed of the cylinder ( $$- 4000 \le \omega \le + 4000$$ - 4000 ≤ ω ≤ + 4000 ), as well as several characteristics related to the porous layer, are examined li its porosity ( $$0.2 \le \varepsilon \le 0.8$$ 0.2 ≤ ε ≤ 0.8 ), Darcy number ( $$- 100000 \le Da \le - 100$$ - 100000 ≤ D a ≤ - 100 ) which indicates the porous medium permeability and the number of undulations ( $$0 \le N \le 4$$ 0 ≤ N ≤ 4 ). The calculations are carried out based on the Galerkin Finite element method (GFEM) to present the streamlines, isotherms, entropy generation, and average Nusselt numbers in details. The main results proved that increment of Rayleigh number and Darcy number enhances heat transfer convection within the enclosure. Whilst, the porosity presents a minimal impact. Also, the rotational speed in a positive direction has a favorable influence on the heat transfer dispersion across the cavity. more...
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- 2021
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59. EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPREHENSIVE CAMPAIGN FOR DENGUE CONTROL IN SOUTHERN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN - AN EXPERIENCE OF 2 YEARS
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Muhammad Younas, Muhammad Asif Aziz, Raja Kamran Afzal, Hamid Iqbal, Mohsin Hussain, and Rabia Salar Mir
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dengue fever ,indoor residual spray ,vector surveillance ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objective: To determine the effect of comprehensive campaign for dengue control in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Station Health Organization Multan and Departments of Pathology, Combined Military Hospital Multan, from Mar 2019 to Dec 2020. Methodology: This study was conducted by implementing a comprehensive campaign by involvement of public health workers in high risk dengue area of Multan. There were five phases of this campaign; awareness, situation analysis, vector surveillance, indoor residual sprays where vector was found and contact tracing of dengue fever cases. The system was developed in 46 Mohallas/localities of Multan. Hot spot for mosquitoes breeding were identified at 15 places. Total of 23 health workers were recruited including 3 female workers. Insecticide spraying was carried out by indoor residual spray pumps & thermal foggers in a cyclic pattern. Results: During 2019, 42 larvae were identified followed by insecticide sprays & follow up visits; 26 cases of dengue fever were diagnosed and treated at CMH Multan in a dedicated dengue ward. Contact tracing was carried out and indoor residual sprays were carried out in 20 houses around residence of these cases. In 2020, 5 larvae were identified followed by sprays & follow up visits; 2 cases of dengue fever were diagnosed and treated. Conclusion: Comprehensive campaign against dengue fever was quite successful to control spread of dengue fever. more...
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- 2021
60. Flow and heat transport phenomenon for dynamics of Jeffrey nanofluid past stretchable sheet subject to Lorentz force and dissipation effects
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Faisal Shahzad, Dumitru Baleanu, Wasim Jamshed, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar, Mohamed R. Eid, Rabia Safdar, and Khadiga Ahmed Ismail
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Survey of literature unveils that nanofluids are more efficient for heat transport in comparison to the traditional fluids. However, the enlightenment of developed techniques for the augmentation of heat transport in nanomaterials has considerable gaps and, consequently, an extensive investigation for aforementioned models is vital. The ongoing investigation aims to study the 2-D, incompressible Jeffrey nanofluid heat transference flow due to a stretchable surface. Furthermore, the effect of dispersion of graphene nanoparticles in base liquid ethylene glycol (EG) on the performance of flow and heat transport using the Tawari-Das model in the existence of Ohmic heating (electroconductive heating) and viscous heat dissipation is contemplated. The boundary-layer PDEs are reconstituted as ODEs employing appropriate similarity transformation. Keller-Box Method (KBM) is utilized to determine the numerical findings of the problem. Graphene conducts heat greater in rate than all of the other materials and it is a good conductor of electrical energy. Graphene/EG nanofluid is employed to look out the parametric aspects of heat transport flow, drag coefficient, and heat transference rate phenomena with the aid of graphs and tables. The numerical outcomes indicate that concentration and magnetic field abate the shear stresses for the nanofluid. An increase of Graphene nanoparticle volume fraction parameter can boost the heat transport rate. The effect of Prandtl Number is to slow down the rate of heat transport as well as decelerate the temperature. Additionally, the rate of heat transportation augments on a surface under Deborah's number. Results indicate that the temperature of the graphene-EG nanofluid is greater than the convectional fluid hence graphene-EG nanofluid gets more important in the cooling process, biosensors and drug delivery than conventional fluids. more...
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- 2021
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61. Computational analysis of thermal energy distribution of electromagnetic Casson nanofluid across stretched sheet: Shape factor effectiveness of solid-particles
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Syed M. Hussain, Wasim Jamshed, Vivek Kumar, Vikash Kumar, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar, Mohamed R. Eid, Rabia Safdar, Suriya Uma Devi S., Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty, and I.S. Yahia
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Unsteady ,Casson-nanofluid ,Thermal radiation ,Entropy generation ,Keller box method ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
The present analysis focuses on using Casson nanofluid in a porous solar collector flow on an infinite surface. Nanofluid flow is altered on stretched surface induction. Nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are derived and impaired by reducing boundary conditions to suited similarity transformation. Set of ODEs were solved approximately using the Keller box technique. Results were analyzed and elaborated for Copper-engine oil (Cu-EO) nanofluid and Ferro oxide-engine oil Fe3O4-EO nanofluid as well. Skin friction coefficient increased significantly while the Nusselt number decreased with an induced magnetic parameter. Moreover, the net system entropy was higher along with the flow velocity and the non-dimensional Brinkman number. The study revealed a better collecting of heat with Casson-nanofluid. Heat transfer rate is a crucial parameter of Cu/Fe3O4-EO as a working fluid. Net thermal efficiency enhancement of Cu-EO over Fe3O4-EO is found to have a minimum of 2.7% and an optimum of 18.5%. more...
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- 2021
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62. Evaluation of Gram Stain Error Rates of Clinical Specimens
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Rabia Sajjad, Gohar Zaman, Irfan Ali Mirza, Wajid Hussain, Umar Khurshid, and Asim Shehzad
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Clinical specimens ,Errors ,Gram stain ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objective: To determine important errors in initial Gram staining of clinical specimens and evaluate the types of Gram-stain errors. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology Department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Aug 2018 to Feb 2019. Methodology: Gram staining and culture inoculation of all specimens were performed per recommended guidelines. The Gram stain results on day-0 were compared with the results of the culture on day-2. There was no discrepancy if similar organisms were obtained on culture as on Gram stain. Nevertheless, if the Gram stain and culture results were not similar, it was termed a discrepancy. The consultant microbiologist reviewed all discrepant slides, and if not resolved, possible causes of error were sought, and the results documented. Results: Of the total 300 clinical specimens, errors were observed in the initial gram staining of 29 specimens (9.7%), whereas 271(90.3%) specimens were error-free. Upon evaluating these 29 errors, 11(38.0%) were observer errors which were resolved when reviewed by a consultant microbiologist. 14(48.0%) were technical errors, and 4(14.0%) results were discrepant due to the presence of anaerobic organisms, missed on initial aerobic cultures. Conclusion: The frequency of Gram stain errors in our study (9.7%) is not very high; nevertheless, it can have severe consequences in critical samples from seriously ill patients if wrong empirical antimicrobial treatment is begun based on a wrong initial Gram stain result. more...
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- 2022
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63. Novel Presentation of Placenta Accreta Spectrum
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Rabia Sajjad and Viqar Ashraf
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Morbid adherent placenta ,Placenta accrete spectrum ,Placenta percreta ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Placenta accrete spectrum (PAS) previously known as morbid adherent placenta, is a complex obstetric complication that has risen exponentially in the last couple of decades. It carries serious fetomaternal risk in terms of morbidity and mortality, also increasing perinatal mortality owing to prematurity. PAS include three variants depending upon the degree of placental penetration, i.e. accrete, increta and percreta. We highlighted the unique diagnostic criteria of the placenta accrete spectrum,which includes the history of incomplete removal of the placenta, with repeated evacuation, persistent vaginal bleeding and ultrasound evidence of retained products of conception. more...
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- 2022
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64. Forecasting Turkish lira against the US Dollars via forecasting approaches
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Rabia Sabri, Abdul Aziz Abdul Rahman, Abdelrhman Meero, Liaqat Ali Abro, and Muhammad AsadUllah
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Projection ,exchange rate changes ,auto-regressive ,naïve ,exponential smoothing ,ANN ,Finance ,HG1-9999 ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 - Abstract
The aim of this study is to predict the Turkish Lira’s exchange rate against the US Dollar by combining models . As a result, the authors include three univariate forecasting models: ARIMA, Naive, and Exponential smoothing, and one multivariate model: NARDL for the first time with Artificial Neural Network model. To the best of our knowledge, it is a unique study to integrate univariate models, ANN with NARDL. The researchers utilize two combination criteria to forecast the Turkish Lira, namely, equal weightage and var-cor. The findings conclude that the combination of NARDL and Naive outperforms all standalone and combined time series techniques. The results indicate that the Turkish Lira’s currency rate against the USD is strongly reliant on recent time-series observations with symmetric and asymmetric behavior of macro-economic fundamentals. more...
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- 2022
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65. Quadratic regression estimation of hybridized nanoliquid flow using Galerkin finite element technique considering shape of nano solid particles
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Mustafa Mutiur Rahman, Wasim Jamshed, Suriya Uma Devi. S, Rabha W. Ibrahim, Amjad Ali Pasha, Basma Souayeh, Rabia Safdar, Mohamed R. Eid, Syed M. Hussain, and El Sayed M. Tag El Din
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Powell-Eyring hybridized nanofluid ,modified Buongiorno’s structure ,shape factor ,irreversibility analysis ,Galerkin finite element technique ,General Works - Abstract
Because of its multivariate particle suspension approach, the developing class of fluid has a better level of stability as well as increased heat transfer. In this regard, hybrid nanofluid outperforms ordinary fluid and even well-known nanofluid. In a slick environment, we investigate its fluidity and heat transfer qualities. Nano-leveled particle morphologies, porousness materials, variable thermal conductivity, slippage velocity, and thermal radiative effects are all being studied. The Galerkin finite element method is a numerical methodology for numerically solving the governing equations (G-FEM). For this analysis, a Powell-Eyring hybrid nanofluid (PEHNF) flowing via a permeable stretchable surface is used, which comprises two types of nanoparticles (NP), copper (Cu), and titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) dispersed in sodium alginate (C6H9NaO7). The heat transfer ratio of PEHNF (Ti6Al4V-Cu/C6H9NaO7) remained much greater than that of conventional nanofluids (Cu-C6H9NaO7), with a range of 43%–54%. When lamina particles are present, the thermal conductivity of the boundary layer increases dramatically, while spherical nanoparticles have the lowest thermal conductivity. As nanoparticles are added under their fractional sizes, radiative heat conductance, and flexible heat conductance, the system’s entropy increases. The flow system’s ability to transport mass decreases when molecule diffusivity decreases dramatically. This is theoretically related to a rise in Schmidt number against molecular diffusivity. more...
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- 2022
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66. Ovipositional response of Antilochus coquebertii and Dysdercus koenigii in different media under controled conditions
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Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah, Rabia Saeed, Waqar Jaleel, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar, Rashid Azad, Rasheed Akbar, Muhammad Tahir Jan, Hamed A. Ghramh, Badria M. AL-Shehri, Zubair Ahmad, Khalid Ali Khan, and Sabir Hussain more...
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Antilochus coquebertii ,Dysdercus koenigii ,Egg-laying media ,Wet Soil ,Oviposition ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Cotton stainer, red cotton bug (Dysdercus spp., Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) is one of the economical pest of cotton crop. Pyrrhocorid bugs have multiple hosts and are highly mobile, rendering their insecticidal control less effective. Among pyrrhocorid bugs, Antilochus coquebertii (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) is considered highly effective predator of cotton stainers. However, predator and prey proportion and their ecological behavior are very important and there is no previous study regarding oviposition behaviour both of predator and prey. In this study, effects of different media on the fecundity both of predator (A. coquebertii) and prey (D. koenigii) were explored for the first time under controlled conditions. Eight different media consisted of Dry Soil + Dry Leaves (DSDL), Dry Soil + Wet Leaves (DSWL), Wet Soil + Dry Leaves (WSDL), Wet Soil + Wet Leaves (WSWL), Dry Soil (DS), Wet Soil (WS), Dry Soil + Cylindrical Perforated Plastic Bottle (DS-CPPB), and Wet Soil + Cylindrical Perforated Plastic Bottle (WS-CPPB). The results revealed significantly higher number of egg batches both of predator and prey on WSWL followed by WSDL. It is, therefore concluded that both the predator and prey preferred WSWL and WSDL media for egg deposition. more...
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- 2022
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67. Clinicopathological Analysis of Biopsy-Proven Glomerulonephritis in the Pediatric Patients : A Study from Tertiary Care Centre
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Rabia Saleem Safdar, Afsheen Asghar Khan, Muhammad Faisal Mehar, Shazia Riaz, Nusrat Hussain, and Kiran Abbas
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Focal Segmental Glomerulo-sclerosis (FSGS) ,Glomerulonephritis ,Nephropathy ,Pediatric ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinic-pathological characteristics and their association with biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis in pediatric patients. Study Design: Prospective longitudinal study. Place and Duration of Study: Pediatric Department Nishtar Medical University, Multan Pakistan, from Jan 2014 to Dec 2019. Methodology: During the study, a total of 211 renal biopsy reports of different age groups were studied and analyzed for clinic-pathological features and patterns of direct immunofluorescence. Results: The mean age of 8.6±3.25 years was observed. The most common pathology was focal segmental glomerulo-sclerosis in 86 (40.76) of the patients, followed by mesangio-proliferative glomerulonephritis in 41 (19.43) of the patients. Minimal change disease was seen in 26 (12.32) cases. It was observed that the majority of the patients with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis were younger than 11 years old, whereas; 10 (11.2), patients with lupus nephritis, 11 (15.1) and membranous nephropathy, 10 (12.2) were comparatively older. Conclusion: Glomerulonephritis presents a diversified group of diseases with overlapping clinic-pathological features. The present study has reported many significant characteristics which could help diagnose a particular disorder among the pediatric population. more...
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- 2022
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68. Thermal growth in solar water pump using Prandtl–Eyring hybrid nanofluid: a solar energy application
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Wasim Jamshed, Nor Ain Azeany Mohd Nasir, Siti Suzilliana Putri Mohamed Isa, Rabia Safdar, Faisal Shahzad, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar, Mohamed R. Eid, Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty, and I. S. Yahia
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Nowadays, with the advantages of nanotechnology and solar radiation, the research of Solar Water Pump (SWP) production has become a trend. In this article, Prandtl–Eyring hybrid nanofluid (P-EHNF) is chosen as a working fluid in the SWP model for the production of SWP in a parabolic trough surface collector (PTSC) is investigated for the case of numerous viscous dissipation, heat radiations, heat source, and the entropy generation analysis. By using a well-established numerical scheme the group of equations in terms of energy and momentum have been handled that is called the Keller-box method. The velocity, temperature, and shear stress are briefly explained and displayed in tables and figures. Nusselt number and surface drag coefficient are also being taken into reflection for illustrating the numerical results. The first finding is the improvement in SWP production is generated by amplification in thermal radiation and thermal conductivity variables. A single nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid is very crucial to provide us the efficient heat energy sources. Further, the thermal efficiency of MoS2–Cu/EO than Cu–EO is between 3.3 and 4.4% The second finding is the addition of entropy is due to the increasing level of radiative flow, nanoparticles size, and Prandtl–Eyring variable. more...
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- 2021
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69. ASSESSMENT OF PRESBYOPIA AMONG MOBILE PHONE AND COMPUTER USERS AT PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
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Shamaila Doggar, Syeda Rizwana Jafri, Rubina Anwaar, Rabia Sajjad Toor, Samia Shahbaz, and Amna Rehman
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electronic devices ,smart phones ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Objective: To find any association between presbyopia and usage of smart phones in Pakistani Population. Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: University of Health Sciences, Lahore, from Oct 2018 to Jul 2019. Methodology: Approval for this prospective cross-sectional study was obtained before hand from the Institutional Review Committee, University of Health Sciences Lahore. Questionnaire was made through Google docs. Data were assessed by using SPSS version-26. Frequency distributions of different demographic characteristics and those of patients’ history with the use of devices were calculated. Results: Median ± Interquartile of age was 36.50 ± 14 as it was not normally distributed variable. Mostly were males (78.9%). Majority belonged to age group of 41-50 years (44.7%). This study participants were mostly of the education group of masters or higher (>50%). About 35% of the study participants were suffering from presbyopia. Out of 182 participants who were suffering from presbyopia majority were using the glasses for near vision for 1-3 years. When the cross tabulation of using the glasses for near vision was done with the duration of usage of mobile phones and computers then it was seen that the result was found to be statistically significant (p=0.04). Conclusion: The usage of smart phones has significantly raised the prevalence of presbyopia and despite knowing all the ocular side effects of using electronic devices the public is still addicted to it. more...
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- 2021
70. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and B cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development
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Kabeer Haneef, Rabia Saleem, Muhammad Saleem Iqbal Khan, Olawale Samuel Adeyinka, Sadeeq Banday, Muhammad Umer Asghar, Zia Ur Rahman, and Zainab Fatima
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severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,humoral immunity ,b cell receptor ,vaccine production ,adaptive immunity ,antibody pathogenesis ,cytokine responses ,non-structural protein ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 spread globally and creates an alarming situation. Following the SARS-CoV-2 paradigm, therapeutic efficacy is achieved via repurposing several antiviral, antibacterial, and antimalarial drugs. Innate and adaptive immune cells work close to combat infection through the intricate production of antibodies (Abs) and inflammatory cytokines. As an essential component of the immune system, Abs play an important role in eliminating viruses and maintaining homeostasis. B lymphocytes (B cells) are effector cells, stringent to produce neutralizing Abs to combat infection. After recognizing SARS-CoV-2 antigens by a surface receptor called B cell receptors (BCRs) on the plasma membrane, the BCRs transmembrane signal transduction and immune activation results in Ab production and development of immune memory. Thus, it ensures that plasma B cells can quickly start an intricate immune response to generate efficient protective Abs to clear the pathogen. Nevertheless, considering therapeutic challenges in the context of the new coronavirus pandemic, this review addresses the molecular mechanism of the immune activation and function of novel SARS-CoV-2 specific B cells in the production of SARS-CoV-2 specific Abs. Additionally, these studies highlighted the Ab-mediated pathogenesis, the intriguing role of nano-scale signaling subunits, non-structural proteins during COVID-19 infection, and structural insights of SARS-CoV-2 specific Abs. more...
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- 2021
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71. Thermal cooling process by nanofluid flowing near stagnating point of expanding surface under induced magnetism force: A computational case study
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Faisal Shahzad, Wasim Jamshed, Amjad Ali Pasha, Rabia Safdar, Md. Mottahir Alam, Misbah Arshad, Syed M. Hussain, Muhammad Bilal Hafeez, and Marek Krawczuk
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Stagnation point ,Heat source ,Induced magnetic field ,Titanium alloy-Water ,Entropy generation ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
This paper is dedicated to the exam of entropy age and research of the effect of mixing nanosolid additives over an extending sheet. In this review, Newtonian nanofluid version turned into researched at the actuated appealing field, heat radiation and variable heat conductivity results. With becoming modifications, the proven PDEs are moved into popular differential situations and paintings mathematically making use of a specific mathematical plan called the Keller box method (KBM). The ranges of different dimensionless parameters used in our study are volume fraction of nanoparticles 0.01≤φ≤0.04, magnetic parameter 0.5≤Λ≤2, thermal radiation 0.1≤Nr≤0.3, heat source/sink parameter 0.5≤Q0≤2, Prandtl number 5.7≤Pr≤6.2, variable thermal conductivity 0.1≤ε≤0.3, reciprocal magnetic Prandtl number 0.6≤λ∗≤1, Brinkman number 5≤Br≤15, Reynolds number 5≤Re≤15, which shows up during mathematical arrangement are shown as tables and charts.Positive modifications in heat radiation and heat conductivity affects increment the hotness pass coefficient of solar primarily based totally plane wings. Titanium alloy primarily based totally water (H2O) are taken into consideration for our research. We will likewise alternate the grouping of nanoparticles to pay attention on their impact on numerous dynamic barriers of the framework. We can see that because the Reynolds range and Brinkman range increment, the entropy increments. The thermodynamic exhibition of Titanium alloy-water (Ti6Al4V–H2O) nanofluid has been portrayed higher that of base nanofluid with comparable situations. Recorded hypothetical reproductions may be greater beneficial to similarly increase daylight primarily based totally nuclear strength frameworks. more...
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- 2022
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72. Using two-sex life table tools to compare the population parameters of Oxycarenus hyalinipennis costa (Lygaeidae: Hemiptera) when fed on Bt and non-Bt cotton seeds
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Rabia Saeed, Zahid Mahmood, Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah, Waqar Jaleel, Jam Nazir Ahmad, Tassawar Hussain Malik, Muhammad Tahir Jan, Hamed A. Ghramh, Zubair Ahmad, and Khalid Ali Khan
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Oxycarenus hyalinipennis ,Cotton Seeds ,Seed Preference ,Bt and non Bt varieties ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Cotton crop (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered economy crop worldwide especially in Pakistan. Cotton plays strong role in proportion of GDP and foreign exchange earnings. In Pakistan, around 55% cotton is exporting fiber commodity and 15 % area of cultivation is devoted to cotton crop especially Bt cotton. However, Bt cotton suppress the chewing pests but give a favorable niche to sucking pests. Among sucking pests, the Oxycarenus hyalinipennis Costa is emerging sucking pest in Bt cotton, and damaging the more than 40 different plants. Study regarding preference of seed and two-sex life table traits of O. hyalinipennis is necessary for its eco-friendly management. Therefore, this explain the preference of cotton seeds e.g., CIM-620 (non-Bt variety), CIM-717 (non-Bt variety), Bt-CIM-632 and Bt-Cyto-179 by O. hyalinipennis, as well as its fitness on these seeds under laboratory condition. Results indicated that both males and females preferred Bt-Cyto-179 for ovipositing as compared to other three varieties. The developmental time from eggs to males (176.85 ± 7.43) and females (184.94 ± 7.85) were significantly longer on other verities as compared to Bt-Cyto-179. The O. hyalinipennis females produce significantly more eggs on Bt-Cyto-179 (215 ± 2.34 eggs female-1) than those on other three seeds e.g., CIM-620, CIM 717, and Bt-CIM-632. In conclusion, Bt-Cyto-179 was the more suitable varieties to attract and rear O. hyalinipennis than CIM 632, and CIM 717 seeds. And our study suggests that Bt-Cyto-179 can be used as a bait crop to control O. hyalinipennis and rearing purpose for molecular studies. more...
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- 2022
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73. Supporting Depressed Mothers of Young Children with Intellectual Disability: Feasibility of an Integrated Parenting Intervention in a Low-Income Setting
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Nasim Chaudhry, Rabia Sattar, Tayyeba Kiran, Ming Wai Wan, Mina Husain, Sobia Hidayatullah, Bushra Ali, Nadia Shafique, Zamir Suhag, Qamar Saeed, Shazia Maqbool, and Nusrat Husain
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depression ,intellectual disability ,parenting stress ,parenting training ,learning through play ,feasibility trial ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
As a lifelong condition, intellectual disability (ID) remains a public health priority. Parents caring for children with ID experience serious challenges to their wellbeing, including depression, anxiety, stress and health-related quality of life. Integrated parenting interventions, which have been well evidenced for depressed mothers, may also effectively support depressed parents with a child with ID in low-resource settings such as Pakistan, and in turn optimise child outcomes. We conducted a mixed-method rater-blind feasibility randomised controlled trial, which assessed the feasibility and acceptability of the Learning Through Play in My Own Way Plus (LTP-IMOW Plus) intervention. Mothers who screened positive for depression (n = 26) with a young child (age 3–6 years) with ID were recruited from two low-resource community settings. Participants in the intervention arm (n = 13) received 12 group sessions of LTP-IMOW Plus and others (n = 13) received routine care. The intervention was feasible and acceptable with 100% retention and 100% session attendance. The intervention improved depression, anxiety, parenting stress and child socialisation score outcomes relative to the routine care arm. The framework utilised to analyse the qualitative interviews with seven participants at pre-intervention identified a range of struggles experienced by the mothers, and at post-intervention, found improved knowledge of child development and practices, improved mother–child relationships, recommendations for the intervention and perceived practical barriers and facilitators. The findings highlight the prospects for a clinical and cost-effective trial of an integrated parenting intervention to manage long-term parental mental health needs and improve child outcomes. more...
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- 2023
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74. Retraction Note: Solar energy optimization in solar-HVAC using Sutterby hybrid nanofluid with Smoluchowski temperature conditions: a solar thermal application
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Wasim Jamshed, Mohamed R. Eid, Rabia Safdar, Amjad Ali Pasha, Siti Suzilliana Putri Mohamed Isa, Mohammad Adil, Zulfiqar Rehman, and Wajaree Weera
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Medicine ,Science - Published
- 2023
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75. CLINICO-LABORATORY CHARACTERISTICS, RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOME OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY
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Najmush Shakireen, Shahzad Ahmad, Rabia Saeed, Arbab Nisar Ahmad, Khushbakht Hussam, and Arshad Hussain
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acute kidney injury ,patient outcome assessment ,kdigo ,fatal outcome ,mortality ,sepsis ,oliguria ,in-hospital mortality ,Medicine - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinico-laboratory characteristics, risk factors and outcome related to acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients. METHODS: This prospective study on 101 consecutive patients admitted to the Northwest General Hospital & Research Centre, Peshawar, Pakistan was carried out from January-March 2019. Patients were staged according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines and outcomes were measured in terms of in-hospital mortality and change in KDIGO staging. RESULTS: Majority (n=57/101; 56.43%) were males. Mean age of patients was 57.90±16.93 years. Twenty-seven (26.73%) patients were in AKI stage-I, 29 (28.71%) in stage-2 and 45 (44.55%) were in stage-3. Hypertension (n=74/101; 73.27%) was the commonest co-morbid condition. Sepsis (n=39/101; 38.61%) and hypovolemia (n=21/101; 20.8%) were most common risk factors for AKI. There was complete recovery in 43 (42.57%) patients. In-hospital mortality was 6.9% (n=7/101) and 57.1% (n=4/7) of these patients had KDIGO stage-3. Serum creatinine levels declined in 22 (21.78%) cases, remained static in 23 (22.8%) and worsened in 06 (5.9%) cases. Male gender and presence of hypovolumia (p more...
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- 2021
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76. COMPARATIVE IN- VITRO EVALUATION OF VANCOMYCIN MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATIONBY AGAR DILUTION AND E-STRIP IN METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
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Sheroze Ilyas, Tehmina Munir, Rabia Sadaf, and Mehreen Gilani
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agar dilution ,e-strip ,minimum inhibitory concentration ,methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus ,vancomycin intermediate staphylococcus aureus ,vancomycin resistant staphylococcus aureus ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objective: To compare the in-vitro efficacy by determining Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Vancomycin using the reference Agar Dilution to the E-Strip in Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Study Design: Validation study. Place and Duration of Study: The department of Microbiology Army Medical College/National University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Dec 2016 to Dec 2017. Methodology: Non-duplicate 84 isolates of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from various clinical specimens were included in the study. All these isolates were screened for susceptibility to glycopeptide by E-strips method (Bio mérieux) as well as Agar Dilution method, using vancomycin concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, 4.00 and 8.00µgm/ml respectively in two fold serial dilutions. Results: There was an overall agreement on 83 samples by both the methods i.e. 83 were Vancomycin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus by both methods while one isolate with intermediate resistance to Vancomycin was only detected by Agar Dilution. The sensitivity of the E–strips compared to Agar Dilution was found to be 100%. The positive predictive value was 98.8% with a diagnostic accuracy of 98.8%. Specificity and negative predictive value could not be ascertained for E-strips because of the limitation of the method to detect the Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Conclusion: E-strip can be a convenient alternative to the gold standard Agar Dilution but its inability to identify VISA challenges its reliability in determining the Vancomycin resistance in MRSA isolates. more...
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- 2021
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77. Comprehensive analysis on copper-iron (II, III)/oxide-engine oil Casson nanofluid flowing and thermal features in parabolic trough solar collector
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Wasim Jamshed, Suriya Uma Devi S, Rabia Safdar, Fares Redouane, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar, and Mohamed R. Eid
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solar energy ,parabolic trough solar collector ,steady flow ,casson-nanofluid ,variable thermal conductivity ,keller box method ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Heat is absorbed from radiations of the sun by a solar collector, concentrated, and then transmitted to an active nanofluid. The flow of Casson nanofluid is utilized in Parabolic Trough Solar Collector (PTSC) in the present analysis over an infinite and porous sheet. Ordinary differential equations are derived in nonlinear form and solved using suitable similarity transformation reducing into boundary conditions. Keller box method was employed to solve the system of ODEs. Results for nanofluids of Copper-engine oil (Cu-EO), as well as Iron (II, III) oxide-engine oil (Fe3O4-EO), were examined and detailed. With the help of the induced magnetic factor, the rate of heat transfer decreased while the parameter of skin resistance increased prominently. While using Cu/Fe3O4-EO as base fluid, the rate of heat transfer is an important factor. Total enhancement in the thermal efficiency of Cu-EO on Fe3O4-EO has a minimum value of 2.7% while the maximum value is 18.5%. more...
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- 2021
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78. Computational technique of thermal comparative examination of Cu and Au nanoparticles suspended in sodium alginate as Sutterby nanofluid via extending PTSC surface
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Wasim Jamshed, Rabia Safdar, Zulfiqar Rehman, Maha M. A. Lashin, Mohamed Ehab, Mohamed Moussa, and Aysha Rehman
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Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Current research underscores entropy investigation in an infiltrating mode of Sutterby nanofluid (SNF) stream past a dramatically expanding flat plate that highlights Parabolic Trough Solar Collector (PTSC). Satisfactory likeness factors are utilized to change halfway differential conditions (PDEs) to nonlinear conventional differential conditions (ODEs) along with relating limit requirements. A productive Keller-box system is locked in to achieve approximated arrangement of decreased conventional differential conditions. In the review, two sorts of nanofluids including Copper-sodium alginate (Cu-SA) and Gold-sodium alginate (Au-SA) are dissected. Results are graphically plotted as well as talked about in actual viewpoints. As indicated by key discoveries, an improvement in Brinkmann, as well as Reynolds number, brings about expanding the general framework entropy. Sutterby nanofluid boundary improves heat rate in PTSC. Additionally, Copper-sodium alginate nanofluid is detected as a superior thermal conductor than Gold-sodium alginate nanofluid. Further to that, the reported breakthroughs are beneficial to updating extremely bright lighting bulbs, heating and cooling machinery, fiber required to generate light, power production, numerous boilers, and other similar technologies. more...
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- 2022
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79. A Survey Based Study of Quality of Life in Stroke Patients Ambulating with Walker
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Rabia Saleem, Sara Hussain, and Sadia Iftikhar
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Vocational rehabilitation. Employment of people with disabilities ,HD7255-7256 ,Therapeutics. Psychotherapy ,RC475-489 - Abstract
Background: The ability to walk independently from place to place with or without a walking aid is called ambulation. Uncontrollable and abnormal walking patterns are called walking abnormalities. Walking abilities along general health of patients are affected after cerebrovascular diseases. Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the health related quality of life in stroke patients ambulating with walker. Methods: The present research is a cross-sectional study for total number of 78 patients enrolled in it. The study was conducted at Aziz Bhatti Shaheed (DHQ) teaching hospital and Dr. Ejaz Physiotherapy services, Gujrat, Pakistan. Total four months is time lapsed during the study and survey. Results: As a response to general health status, half of then people from sample said their health is good. Sixty percent patients responded that the physical and social functioning was less impaired. Bodily pain does interfere with activities of daily living. Most of the patients answered that emotional health status is more impaired. Conclusion: Moderate to severe activities have much interference on general health, physical and social functioning of the patients. These two categories required maximum, while mild activities need little assistance to accomplish the work. Accomplishment of less work due to emotional health problem compared with afore ailment is also a considerable factor. Bodily pain during past four week is found to be moderate with interference to normal activities as per response of patients. Keywords: Cerebrovascular Disease, Health Related Quality of Life, Transient Ischemic Attack, World Health Organization. more...
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- 2022
80. Diabetic ketoacidosis amongst patients with COVID‐19: A retrospective chart review of 220 patients in Pakistan
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Asim Muhammad, Muhammad Hakim, Saima Afaq, Farhad Ali Khattak, Najmush Shakireen, Muhammad Jawad, Rabia Saeed, and Zia Ul Haq
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COVID‐19 ,diabetes mellitus ,diabetic ketoacidosis ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives To determine the frequency of diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketoacidosis and associated factors in COVID‐19‐positive patients. Background High mortality amongst SARS‐Cov2 patients may be attributed to diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis. Methods A total of 220 COVID‐19 positive patients, hospitalized in North West General Hospital & Research Center, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan, from April to September 2020, were analysed using STATA 14. Patients with positive PCR were labelled as COVID‐19 positive and were included in the study. Patients with a clinical picture of COVID‐19 and negative PCR were excluded from the study. Those having ketonemia >0.6 and random blood glucose level >250mg/dl, while HCO3 (bicarbonate) ≤18, were labelled as diabetic ketoacidosis. The statistical significance level was set at p more...
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- 2022
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81. Assessment of Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to reveal genetic diversity among Tamarix ecotypes
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Musarrat Ramzan, Sadia Sarwar, Naheed Kauser, Rabia Saba, Iqtidar Hussain, Anis Ali Shah, Muhammad Naveed Aslam, Jawaher Alkahtani, and Mona S. Alwahibi
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Thal area ,Plant taxonomy ,Microsatellite ,Inter simple sequence repeat ,Genetic diversity ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Tamarix is an important genus of Tamarieaceae family, known for its medicinal importance. Its taxonomy is tricky, and a few molecular makers are available for species identification. The present study was designed to evaluate the genetic diversity among 21 Tamarix specimens collected from Thal desert, Punjab, Pakistan. Ten Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) and six Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers were used. Results revealed that ISSR markers produced 131 bands, of which 116 were polymorphic (88.5%) with a mean Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value of 0.34. The SSR markers yielded 30 amplified bands, of which 24 were polymorphic (80.28%) with mean PIC value of 0.35. Cluster and factorial analysis revealed a high level of genetic variability among tested Tamarix ecotypes. Dissimilarity index indicated a genetic variability among tested specimens ranging from 0.00 to 0.77. The ISSR analysis reflected that Tamarix specimens stemming from Kalurkot and Bhakkar region revealed the highest dissimilarity level with respect to the rest of the specimens. more...
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- 2020
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82. Infection Prevention and Control Measures at the Children Hospital Lahore: A My Child Matters Collaborative Project
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Mahwish Faizan, Miguela A. Caniza, Saadia Anwar, Rahat-ul-Ain Kashif, Rabia Saleem, Humera Javed, Aizza Zafar, Mary Munaza Taj, Ambreen Hameed, Maysam Homsi, Ahsan Waheed Rathore, Masood Sadiq, Miriam Gonzalez, and Alia Zaidi more...
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
PURPOSEInfection prevention among children with cancer is a major challenge at Children Hospital Lahore (CHL), a public health care facility in Pakistan with 1,000 new pediatric cancer admissions annually. The objective has been to reduce infections through collaboration between CHL and the St Jude Children’s Hospital Global Infectious Disease program via a grant by the Sanofi Espoir foundation through the My Child Matters program. The aim of the current study was to describe the effect of the collaborative improvement strategy on existing infection prevention and control (IPC) standards at CHL.MATERIALS AND METHODSOur work was a prospective before-and-after study to improve IPC standards. We compared the WHO Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework and four modules of the St Jude modified Infection Control Assessment Tool (ICAT) scores over a 3-year period. Our strategy included creating a multidisciplinary team of pediatric oncologists, infectious disease physicians, nurses, a microbiologist, and a data manager; engaging in monthly online IPC mentoring sessions with St Jude Children’s Hospital Global Infectious Disease program and My Child Matters mentors; performing daily inpatient health care–associated infection surveillance rounds; and performing regular hand hygiene training and compliance audits.RESULTSBaseline needs assessment showed health care–associated infections identified by positive blood cultures as 8.7 infections per 1,000 patient-days. Deficient hand hygiene supplies, health education measures, and bed sharing of neutropenic patients were identified as major challenges. Our hand hygiene facility level, per WHO scores, increased from Inadequate to Intermediate/Consolidation by the end of the 3-year implementation (122 v 352 WHO Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework scores). The sink:bed and hand sanitizer:bed ratios improved to 1:6 and 1:1, respectively. The ICAT general infection control module increased by 40% (45 v 78 ICAT scores) and hygiene compliance improved by 20%.CONCLUSIONImplementing a collaborative improvement strategy improved IPC standards in our center, which can be easily replicated in other pediatric oncology centers in lower- and middle-income countries. more...
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- 2020
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83. AWARENESS, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE OF PATIENTS TOWARDS PREVENTIVE MEASURES, AGAINST COVID-19 IN RESOURCE POOR DEVELOPING COUNTRY. A CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY
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Shehla Baqai, Rabia Sajjad, Viqar Ashraf, and Aqsa Qayyum
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awareness ,covid-19 ,influenza ,pandemic ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objective: To know the Awareness, knowledge, attitude of patients towards pandemic and use of PPE, and how they follow the preventive instruction. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Obs /Gynae department, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, form Mar 2020 to May 2020. Methodology: Five hundred women were recruited from Gynae outpatient department by random sampling technique from mid Mar 2020 to mid of May 2020. All the subjects were interviewed by questionnaire. Results: Results were knowledge and awareness of population towards the spread, and prevention of pandemic of COVID-19. Patients attitude was also assessed towards use of preventive measures like wearing mask, hand wash, social distancing, use of sanitizer and general cleanliness. They were also interviewed about safety of breast feeding, and their knowledge regarding role of telemedicine in this pandemic. Most of patients showed maximum score in knowledge (88.4%) and attitude (90%) up to 3 showing direct relationship of knowledge and practice (attitude). Mean age was 40.4 yrs. Conclusion: Knowledge about pandemic, its cause, how it spreads, has significant impact on awareness and practice of preventive measures in this pandemic period. Target should be education of general population to improve the practices in current pandemics, as well as for future epidemics. more...
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- 2020
84. PROPHYLACTIC USE OF 17OH PROGESTERONE FOR PREVENTION OF PRETERM LABOUR IS EFFECTIVE
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Rabia Sajjad, Chaudary Amjad Ali, and Asma Ansari
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17oh progesterone ,preterm labor ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objective: To show efficacy of 17OH progesterone in prevention of preterm labor in comparison with frequent monitoring. Study Design: Randomized clinical trial. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Combined Military Hospital Attock, from May 2011 to Dec 2011. Methodology: Total 100 patients of high risk preterm delivery were selected from outpatient department. Patients were divided into two groups, fifty patients in group A, who were managed by frequent monitoring only and no treatment used for them. Fifty patients in group B, were given injection Proluton depot prophylactically (17OH progesterone) on weekly basis from 16 weeks of pregnancy till 37 weeks. Women included in study were educated about signs and symptoms of preterm labor, and about the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. The women were followed according to their group assignments until either preterm delivery or 37 weeks. Results: Out of 50 patients, 41 (82%) deliveries in group A were between 32 -36 weeks of pregnancy, there was no delivery at or >37 weeks as compared to group B, in which 14 (28%) deliveries were beyond 37 weeks of gestation. Only 4 (8%) patients in group B, were delivered before 31 weeks of pregnancy as compared to group A in which this number was 9 (18%) (p-value more...
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- 2020
85. Pattern of Pro-Angiogenic Serum Placental Growth Factor in Gestational Hypertensive Women
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Qurat ul Ain, Sana Qanber Abbasi, Rabia Sattar, Ghazal Mansoor, Ejaz Ahmed, Noor ul Ain, and Sana Ashiq
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plgf ,angiogenesis ,gestational hypertension ,placentation ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate maternal serum levels of an angiogenic factor called Placental Growth Factor (PLGF) at different ages of pregnancy in gestational hypertensive women residing in Raiwind Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: The analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sharif Medical City Hospital, Lahore from January 2015 - April 2015. Serum levels of PLGF were measured and compared between 22 control normotensive subjects (Group A) and 18 gestational hypertensive (Group B). Moreover, comparison was also made among different gestational weeks groups (I, II and III). Results: Serum PLGF levels were raised in gestational hypertensive (Group B) compare to normotensive (Group A) [366 (185-695) vs. 156 (132-319) ng/L], (P= 0.024). Serum PLGF levels were 156 (132-319) in gestational hypertensive individuals and 366 (185-695) ng/L in normotensive individuals. Serum levels PLGF of 18 -28 (I), 29-35 gestational weeks (II) were raised [425 (197-452) vs. 163 (91-332)], [546 (309-1519) vs. 137 (86-147)]. While in last 36- 40 weeks group (III) levels were decreased [216 (136-881) vs. 315 (185-612)] in comparison of normotensive subjects. Conclusion: It is concluded from this research that placental–derived angiogenic biomarker PLGF plays a significant role in gestational hypertension. The pattern of the PLGF marker in various intervals of pregnancy may provide information for the management of hypertension in pregnancy. more...
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- 2020
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86. Pre-Service Elementary Teachers’ Environmental Identities and Materialistic Tendencies Towards The Environment: Moral Reasoning Based Environmental Education
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Esra Saraç and Rabia Sarıkaya
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moral reasoning ,environmental identities ,materialistic tendencies towards the environment ,pre-service elementary teachers ,action research. ,Education - Abstract
Theaim of this study is to examine the effect of moral reasoning based environmental education on the development of pre-service elementary teachers' environmental identities and the reduction of their materialistic tendencies towards the environment. In this research, which was carried out under the action research design, an action plan was prepared within the scope of moral reasoning based environmental education. This study involved 23 pre-service teachers studying at the department of elementary teaching. Qualitative data were collected using open-ended questionnaires and reflective writing forms, discussions while qualitative data were obtained using “Materialistic Tendencies Towards the Environment Scale” and “Environmental Identity Scale”. Analysingthedata obtained through open-ended questionnaires carried out at the beginning and at the end of an 8-week application, related to positive environmental identity was observed to increase at the end of the study, while those related to materialistic tendencies towards the environment seemed to reduce. In this study, pre-test and post-test mean scores that pre-service elementary teachers obtained from the "Environmental Identity Scale" and "Materialistic Tendencies Towards the Environment Scale" werestatistically significant. more...
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- 2020
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87. ZİNANIN HUKUK-İÇİ VE HUKUK-DIŞI SOYKÜTÜĞÜ
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Rabia SAĞLAM
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ataerki ,zina ,hukuki şiddet ,zina yargısı ,türkiye aile mahkemeleri ,yargıtay ,Law ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 - Abstract
“Gayrı meşru cinsel ilişki” anlamına gelen zina, ataerkil sembolik düzende düzenleyici bir normdur. Makalede ataerkil sembolik düzen kavramını Butler’ın düşüncelerine atıfla tartışacağım. Butler, ensest yasasına dayanan Lévi-Strauss’un ve Lacan’ın yapısalcı söyleminin toplumsal/sembolik normların evrensel ve ideal biçimi olarak formüle edildiğini belirtir. Bu evrensel yapıdaki ortak nokta, eşit ve özerk kadın özneye yer olmamasıdır. Diğer ifadeyle, kadın özne ataerkil sembolik düzende ikincil konumdadır. Ataerkil sembolik düzen normlarının ve zinanın toplumsal/sembolik anlamının hukuki norm ve yorumları şiddet edimleriyle içeriden ve dışarıdan etkilediğini açıklayacağım. Cover’ın “hukuki şiddet”, Fricker’ın “epistemik adaletsizlik” kavramlarını analiz ederek, common-law’da zina tarihine kısaca değinerek zinaya ilişkin hukuki norm ve yorumları eleştirel bir şekilde ele alacağım. Zina normu Türkiye’de özel boşanma nedeni olarak Medeni Kanunda düzenlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla hukuki şiddetin Türkiye’deki zina yargısıyla nasıl etkileşim içinde olduğunu ayrıntılı bir şekilde tartışmak gerekir. Türkiye Aile Mahkemelerinin ve Yargıtayın zinaya ilişkin kararlarını inceleyerek, kusur-temelli boşanma sürecinde yargısal kararların nasıl yorumlandığını ve kadın öznelere hukuki şiddetin nasıl icra edildiğini göstermeye çalışacağım. Yargıtayın yerleşik içtihadına göre, boşanma davalarında tazminatın ve evlilikle ilgili kazanım miktarının belirlenmesi açısından kadın eşin zinası kocanın aile-içi şiddetinden daha ağır kusur kabul edilmektedir. more...
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- 2020
88. g Ağırlıklı Kuvvetli Toplanabilir İki Değişkenli Ölçülebilir Fonksiyonlar
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Rabia SAVAS
- Subjects
i̇ki değişkenli fonksiyonların istatistiksel yakınsaklığı ,reel değerli lebesgue ölçülebilir fonksiyonlar ,kuvvetli toplanabilme ,g ağırlık ,statistical convergence functions of two variables ,real valued lebesgue measurable function ,strong summability ,weight g ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
1965 yılında Borwein tek değişkenli kuvvetli toplanabilir fonksiyonları sunmuştur. Borwein'nin sonuçlarını kullanarak 2019 yılında Patterson ve diğerleri çift kuvvetli Cesaro toplanabilme teorisi ile bağlantılı olarak iki boyutlu lineer fonksiyonları tanımlamıştır. Bu makalenin amacı Patterson ve diğerlerinin sonuçlarının g ağırlığı ile ilişkili olarak kuvvetli toplanabilir iki değişkenli ölçülebilir fonksiyonlara genelleştirmektir. Bunu elde etmek için (1,∞)×(1,∞) aralığında tanımlı negatif olmayan reel değerli iki değişkenli ölçülebilir fonksiyonlar göz önüne alınarak eğer x_m→∞ ve x_n→∞ iken g(x_m,x_n )→∞ olacak şekilde g:[0,∞)×[0,∞)→[0,∞) ağırlıklı çift [W_(λ,μ)^g ]_f-kuvvetli toplanabilir ve [S_(λ,μ)^g ]_f-çift istatistiksel yakınsaklık kavramları sunulacaktır. Ayrıca, g fonksiyonu çarpanlarına ayrılabilir. Buna ek olarak, bu iki kavram arasındaki ilişki incelenecek ve reel değerli Lebesgue anlamında ölçülebilir iki değişkenli fonksiyonların bazı cebirsel özellikleri de verilecektir. more...
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- 2020
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89. Serial femtosecond crystallography on in vivo-grown crystals drives elucidation of mosquitocidal Cyt1Aa bioactivation cascade
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Guillaume Tetreau, Anne-Sophie Banneville, Elena A. Andreeva, Aaron S. Brewster, Mark S. Hunter, Raymond G. Sierra, Jean-Marie Teulon, Iris D. Young, Niamh Burke, Tilman A. Grünewald, Joël Beaudouin, Irina Snigireva, Maria Teresa Fernandez-Luna, Alister Burt, Hyun-Woo Park, Luca Signor, Jayesh A. Bafna, Rabia Sadir, Daphna Fenel, Elisabetta Boeri-Erba, Maria Bacia, Ninon Zala, Frédéric Laporte, Laurence Després, Martin Weik, Sébastien Boutet, Martin Rosenthal, Nicolas Coquelle, Manfred Burghammer, Duilio Cascio, Michael R. Sawaya, Mathias Winterhalter, Enrico Gratton, Irina Gutsche, Brian Federici, Jean-Luc Pellequer, Nicholas K. Sauter, and Jacques-Philippe Colletier more...
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) produces the naturally-crystalline proteinaceous toxin Cyt1Aa that is toxic to mosquito larvae. Here the authors grow recombinant nanocrystals of the Cyt1Aa protoxin in vivo and use serial femtosecond crystallography to determine its structure at different redox and pH conditions and by combining their structural data with further biochemical, toxicological and biophysical analyses provide mechanistic insights into the Cyt1Aa bioactivation cascade. more...
- Published
- 2020
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90. A machine learning approach for active/reactive power control of grid-connected doubly-fed induction generators
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Jafar Tavoosi, Ardashir Mohammadzadeh, Bahareh Pahlevanzadeh, Morad Bagherzadeh Kasmani, Shahab S. Band, Rabia Safdar, and Amir H. Mosavi
- Subjects
Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) ,Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) ,Recurrent Type-II Fuzzy Neural Networks (RT2FNN) ,Wind turbine ,Active/reactive power ,Artificial intelligence ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
This paper suggests a new fuzzy method for active power (AP) and reactive power (RP) control of a power grid that includes wind turbines and Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIGs). A Recurrent Type-II Fuzzy Neural Networks (RT2FNN) controller based on Radial Basis Function Networks (RBFN) is applied to the rotor side converter for the power control and voltage regulation of the wind turbine equipped with the DFIG. In order to train a model, the voltage profile at each bus, and the reactive power of the power grid are given to the RT2FNN as the input and output, respectively. A wind turbine and its control units are studied in detail. Simulation results, obtained in MATLAB software, show the well performance, robustness, good accuracy and power quality improvement of the suggested controller in the wind-driven DFIGs. more...
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- 2022
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91. Hemoglobin Evaluation in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
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Rabia Sattar, Ghazal Mansoor, Sana Qanber Abbasi, Qurat ul Ain, Sana Javaid, and Nazish Jamil
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Anemia ,Haemoglobin (Hb) ,Eclampsia (Ec) ,Pre-eclampsia (PE) ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the maternal hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and its levels in hypertensive pregnant patients during the third trimester of gestation. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in an Obstetrics and Gynecology department of teaching hospital affiliated to The University of Lahore from November 2017 to June 2018. All pregnant women aged 18-40 years having third trimester of gestation, who came for antenatal check up or admitted to hospital were consecutively included. The demographic characteristics of pregnant women were documented and Hb concentration was assayed in the hematology laboratory and evaluated in pregnant females with hypertension (Hypertensive pregnant group) and healthy normotensive pregnant women. Hypertensive pregnant group were further categorized as pregnancy induced hypertensive (PIH), pre-eclampsia, and eclampsia. Results: Of 78 pregnant women (62 hypertensive and 16 normotensive), the median age was 25 (23–29) years. Of 62 hypertensive women, PIH was observed in 33 (42.3%) women, pre-eclampsia in 17 (21.8%), and eclampsia in 12 (15.4%). The median HB level was observed in 11.5 (10-12) g/dL. The median Hb level in normotensive pregnant women was significantly higher as compared to hypertensive pregnant women, i.e., 11.9 (11.6-12.0) vs. 11.0 (9.5-12.0) respectively (p-value 0.006). Furthermore, among hypertensive women, the median Hb level was insignificantly higher in eclamptic women [11.5 (11.1-12.0)] as compared to PIH [10.7 (9.4-12.2)] and pre-eclamptic women [9.9 (9.5-11.7)] (p-value 0.079). Conclusion: In the present study, the evaluation of Hb shows a statistically significant deterioration in Hb levels among hypertensive pregnant patients as compared to normotensive pregnant women. more...
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- 2022
92. Differential efficacy of edaphic traps for monitoring arthropods diversity in subtropical regions
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Muhammad Umair Sial, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed, Atia Atiq, Tahir Farooq, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif, Waqar Jaleel, Shumaila Khan, Rasheed Akbar, Maid Zaman, Rabia Saeed, Yasir Ali, Muhammad Saleh, Farman Ullah, Khalid Ali Khan, and Hamed A. Ghrmah more...
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Edaphic arthropods ,Community composition ,Agricultural lands ,Sampling traps ,Diversity indices ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Installation of traps in the agricultural field is an economically important and cheaper technique to observe arthropods diversity. Cost-effective ecological monitoring of arthropods by traps has been gaining interest in the field of environmental entomology since last few decades. This study explains the effectiveness of four different types of traps (pitfall, yellow-sticky, pan and barrier traps) to monitor the arthropod diversity in summer and winter seasons. These traps were installed in different mango orchards located in Punjab, Pakistan. diversity of captured arthropods was 1.5 times higher in summer than in winter season. However, among the traps, pitfall traps were most effective than others for trapping edaphic arthropods in both seasons. The pan traps were found most effective in the summer season, while sticky traps in the winter season. The pitfall traps exhibited highest taxa richness index values (8.00 for summer and 5.00 for winter season), while the lowest values were recorded for barrier traps (5.00 for summer and 3.00 for winter season). Moreover, the pitfall were the most effective traps for the capture or collection of Arachnida, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera and other arthropods. The PVC barrier and sticky traps were found most effective for Dipteran and Hemipteran's insects, respectively, and hence, are recommended for the ecological monitoring of these arthropod groups in future studies. more...
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- 2022
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93. On Chemical Invariants of Semitotal-Point Graph and Its Line Structure of the Acyclic Kragujevac Network: A Novel Mathematical Analysis
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Salma Kanwal, Rabia Safdar, Asia Rauf, Ammara Afzal, Wasim Jamshed, Meznah M. Alanazi, and H. Y. Zahran
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Acyclic Kragujevac network is denoted by K; K∈Kgq=r2s+1+1,r. In this article, we have taken a deep look at some of the topological properties of the semitotal-point graph as well as its line structure by computing some algebraic polynomials. Few degree-dependent chemical invariants that can primarily be obtained via these algebraic expressions are also put forward. more...
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- 2022
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94. A mathematical model of blood flow in a stenosed artery with post-stenotic dilatation and a forced field.
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Mallinath Dhange, Gurunath Sankad, Rabia Safdar, Wasim Jamshed, Mohamed R Eid, Umesh Bhujakkanavar, Soumaya Gouadria, and R Chouikh
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Arterial stenosis is a common cardiovascular disease that restricts blood flow. A stenotic blood vessel creates tangent stress pressure, which lessens the arterial side and causes an aneurysm. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate blood flowing via an inclination pipe with stricture and expansion after stricture (widening) underneath the influence of a constant incompressible Casson liquid flowing with the magnetism field. The relations for surface shearing stress, pressure drop, flow resistance, and velocity are calculated analytically by applying a mild stenosis approximation. The effect of different physical characteristics on liquid impedance to flowing, velocity, and surface shearing stress are studied. With a non-Newtonian aspect of the Casson liquid, the surface shearing stress declines, and an impedance upturn. Side resistivity and shear-stress increase with the elevations of stricture, whilst together decreasing with a dilatation height. more...
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- 2022
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95. The flow, thermal and mass properties of Soret-Dufour model of magnetized Maxwell nanofluid flow over a shrinkage inclined surface.
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Shahanaz Parvin, Siti Suzilliana Putri Mohamed Isa, Fuad S Al-Duais, Syed M Hussain, Wasim Jamshed, Rabia Safdar, and Mohamed R Eid
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
A mathematical model of 2D-double diffusive layer flow model of boundary in MHD Maxwell fluid created by a sloping slope surface is constructed in this paper. The numerical findings of non-Newtonian fluid are important to the chemical processing industry, mining industry, plastics processing industry, as well as lubrication and biomedical flows. The diversity of regulatory parameters like buoyancy rate, magnetic field, mixed convection, absorption, Brownian motion, thermophoretic diffusion, Deborah number, Lewis number, Prandtl number, Soret number, as well as Dufour number contributes significant impact on the current model. The steps of research methodology are as followed: a) conversion from a separate matrix (PDE) to standard divisive calculations (ODEs), b) Final ODEs are solved in bvp4c program, which developed in MATLAB software, c) The stability analysis part also being developed in bvp4c program, to select the most effective solution in the real liquid state. Lastly, the numerical findings are built on a system of tables and diagrams. As a result, the profiles of velocity, temperature, and concentration are depicted due to the regulatory parameters, as mentioned above. In addition, the characteristics of the local Nusselt, coefficient of skin-friction as well as Sherwood numbers on the Maxwell fluid are described in detail. more...
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- 2022
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96. Diagnostic Biomarkers for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Using Spectroscopy Techniques: A Systematic Review
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Rabia Sannam Khan and Haroon Malik
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gestational diabetes mellitus ,biomarker ,biofluids ,spectroscopy ,prediction ,diagnosis ,Medicine - Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse maternal and foetal consequences, along with the subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and several other diseases. Due to early risk stratification in the prevention of progression of GDM, improvements in biomarker determination for GDM diagnosis will enhance the optimization of both maternal and foetal health. Spectroscopy techniques are being used in an increasing number of applications in medicine for investigating biochemical pathways and the identification of key biomarkers associated with the pathogenesis of GDM. The significance of spectroscopy promises the molecular information without the need for special stains and dyes; therefore, it speeds up and simplifies the necessary ex vivo and in vivo analysis for interventions in healthcare. All the selected studies showed that spectroscopy techniques were effective in the identification of biomarkers through specific biofluids. Existing GDM prediction and diagnosis through spectroscopy techniques presented invariable findings. Further studies are required in larger, ethnically diverse populations. This systematic review provides the up-to-date state of research on biomarkers in GDM, which were identified via various spectroscopy techniques, and a discussion of the clinical significance of these biomarkers in the prediction, diagnosis, and management of GDM. more...
- Published
- 2023
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97. Hierarchical Polyaniline Core-Shell Nanocomposites Coated on Modified Graphite for Improved Electrical Conductivity Performance
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Asima Naz, Ali Irfan, Sami A. Al-Hussain, Iram Nawaz, Shah Faisal, Rabia Sattar, and Magdi E. A. Zaki
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multilayered nanocomposites ,conducting filler ,in situ polymerization ,physical properties ,electrical conductivity ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Graphite has recently gained scientific and industrial attention due to its high electrical conductivity. In the current endeavor, a new way to fabricate novel and multifunctional nanocomposites using functional graphite (FG) as filler is presented. The fabrication of multilayered conducting composites of PANi/PMMA/PPG-b-PEG-b-PPG was carried out via in situ polymerization, using polyaniline (PANi), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and block copolymer as matrices in the presence of FGfiller. The growth of PANi chains is manifested by PMMA due to the formation of H-bonding between imine and carbonyl groups of PANi and MMA units, respectively, and are responsible for ion exchange sites. FTIR spectroscopy was used for structural elucidation of composites while elemental analysis was accomplished by XPS and EDX spectroscopy. The morphology of the prepared PANi/PMMA/PPG-b-PEG-b-PPG@FG composites was inspected by the SEM. The structure and crystallinity of the composites was investigated via XRD. The improved thermal stability and properties of the nanocomposites were observed using TGA and DSC. The conductivity measurements were used to characterize the electrical conductivity performance of the resulting composites. The presence of functional filler as well as polyaniline shows a significant contribution towards the enhancement of electrical conductivity of PANi/PMMA/PPG-b-PEG-b-PPG@FG nanocomposites. more...
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- 2022
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98. Olfactory response of two different Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) on banana, guava, and mango fruits
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Waqar Jaleel, Rabia Saeed, Muhammad Zeeshan Shabbir, Rashid Azad, Shahbaz Ali, Muhammad Umair Sial, Dalal M. Aljedani, Hamed A. Ghramh, Khalid Ali Khan, Desen Wang, and Yurong He
- Subjects
Bactrocera species ,Butanoic acid-3-methylbutyl ester ,Fruits preference ,3-Carene ,And α-caryophyllene ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Bactrocera dorsalis and B. correcta (Diptera: Tephritidae) are economically important pests of fruits and have caused serious damage to fruits for the last several years worldwide. In China, B. correcta is second economic pest of fruits after B. dorsalis. Considering the importance of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs, Information regarding host preference and fitness of both Bactrocera species are necessary for better management strategies. Therefore, the current study explains the response of both Bactrocera species on banana, guava, and mango fruits. The cultivar of banana, guava, and mango fruits used first time in this study. Therefore, the volatile/aromatic components of banana, guava, and mango fruits were determined using porapak Q via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Results concluded that the number of male flies of both species on each types of fruits were lower in comparison to female flies. The number of flies and oviposition punctures by female B. dorsalis flies were maximum on mango fruits than those of guava and banana fruits. While in the case of B. correcta, the guava fruits were preferable for visits and oviposition punctures than those of other two fruits. Mango fruits were more favorable for the development and survival of both Bactrocera species than those of other two fruits. The GC/MS results indicated that butanoic acid-3-methylbutyl ester, α-caryophyllene, and 3-carene were the major volatile components of banana, guava, and mango fruits, respectively. Based on the results, mango and guava fruits were more suitable for both Bactrocera species. Future studies are needed to confirm the results of this laboratory study in the fruit orchards. more...
- Published
- 2021
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99. HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AT INITIAL PRESENTATION AND ITS SUBSEQUENT THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS OFFERED: A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL EXPERIENCE
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Asim Shehzad, Rabia Sajjad, Khawar Shabbir, Zafar Ali Qureshi, Farrukh Saeed, and Abdullah Qamar
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hepatocellular carcinoma ,hepatitis c ,sorafenib ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objective: To determine the important clinical features at the initial presentation of Hepatocellular carcinoma and the treatments offered thereby. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gastroenterology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Jan 2017 to Dec 2017. Methodology: A total of 157 patients were studied. Their history, examination and relevant investigations were carried out at initial presentation to find all required details including age, gender, etiology of HCC, number and size of hepatic lesions, Child Pugh class, performance status, BCLC scoring, vascular invasion of tumor, lymph nodal involvement and metastasis; at time of diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment was offered based on all these parameters, as per latest AASLD guidelines. Data were entered in SPSS version 24 for statistical analysis. Results: Of the total 157 patients, 117 (75%) were males and 40 (25%) were females. Mean age was 60.4 ± 8.67 years. Majority of HCC cases (84%) were HCV infected. Performance status was 0 or 1 in 87% cases. Around 52% patients had huge size of lesion, >5cm, at presentation. Child Pugh score was A for 68% patients. BCLC score was B, C or D in 70% cases which implies intermediate or advanced disease where curative treatments could not be performed. TACE was the most frequent treatment offered (33% cases), followed by Sorafenib (29% cases). Conclusion: Hepatocellular carcinoma was found to be on the rise in our setup as a consequence of the huge prevalence of HCV infection. Most patients were males presenting at intermediate or advanced stage disease where curative treatments were not possible. more...
- Published
- 2019
100. A Review: Study of Multi-ovary Wheat and Yield Contributing Traits
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Maria Ayoub, Rabia Saif, Nawal Zafar, and Muhammad Tariq
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wheat ,multi-ovary ,yield related traits ,genetics ,combining ability ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Wheat is an essential crop throughout the world and especially in Pakistan. It has a great yield potential which can cope with the raising food challenges of the world but there is a more need to increase its yield with its increasing demand. There is a need to increase the yield by improving the genetic characters. Breeder’s intention is to find out the variability in the genetic lines and by the use of these lines they can develop the high yielding breeding lines. Multi-ovary is a novel character to increase the number of grains per spikelet. What type of gene actions control that? From this review we get that some support the single dominant gene controlled trait, some support the two recessive non-complementary genes controlled trait and some favour the both as it is controlled by both dominant and recessive genes in different tri-grain lines. Secondly there is a need to study the genetic variation for the yield contributing traits. So that we can improve our genotypes to attain high yield. How we can evaluate yield and yield components. Combining ability is a considerable tool for this. Literature revealed that additive gene action contributes more towards yield than non-additive. In this many lines also came forward as good combiners which in future we can use them for a successful wheat hybridization program. more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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