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Delayed replantation of an avulsed tooth may result in rapid root resorption or, more frequently, dental ankylosis with subsequent bone substitution. If this process develop slowly, it is possible to observe that tooth loss is characterized by a well conserved alveolus with regard to bone preservation, particularly in vertical dimension. This clinical case reports a dental trauma of a central incisor in a young boy characterized by tooth avulsion and its delayed replantation. After 10 years, dental ankylosis of the incisor was recorded and the patient underwent a prosthetic-orthodontic rehabilitation using CAD-CAM technology and no-prep veneers., (© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.)

Reported here are details of a simultaneous outbreak of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections that occurred in a hemodialysis centre in northern Italy, with three patients seroconverting for HBsAg and four patients seroconverting for HCV antibodies. Phylogenetic analysis of the E2 region of the isolates from HCV-seroconverted patients showed the sequences were grouped in the same distinct branch as in a chronically HCV-infected patient, suggesting that the chronically infected patient was the index case. For the patients with HBV infection, phylogenetic analysis showed strong clustering among the sequences of the three patients who seroconverted to HBsAg and no relatedness between them and the sequences of patients chronically infected with HBV. For one of the patients who seroconverted to HBsAg, the last test with negative results for HBV markers had been performed 18 months prior to HBsAg seroconversion. This patient may have been previously infected with HBV and is presumed to be the source of the outbreak. This report emphasizes the importance of using universal precaution measures and HBV vaccination to prevent the transmission of viral hepatitis among chronic hemodialysis patients.

The Authors examined to SEM modifications induced by two different bending procedures on orthodontic wires. Changes observed in the group made by orthodontic pliers lacked in the group bended by the machine. Further dinamometric checks will be made to assure that improvements in the mechanical properties of II order bends correspond to phenomena described.

The Authors evaluated mechanic characteristics of open and close titanium coils after two cycles of simulated usage. Coils undergone to thermic autoclaving didn't show any substantial variation in the forces offered compared to those only disinfected, authorizing reusage with igienic guarantees.