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Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan implementasi Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) sebagai upaya peningkatan literasi membaca peserta didik di sekolah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model penelitian kualitatif dengan kajian literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan informasi hasil Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum, guru dapat menyusun strategi pembelajaran yang efektif dan berkualitas. Hasil Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum dapat memberi gambaran kepada guru mengenai takaran yang tepat untuk setiap “teaching at the right level”. Strategi yang sesuai dengan kondisi murid, tugas atau pembelajaran yang diberikan juga sesuai dengan kondisi peserta didik. Dengan demikian antusiasme untuk belajar tetap terjaga. Rasa bosan karena tantangan atau tugas yang terlalu sederhana atau rasa putus asa karena tugas yang terlalu sulit, di luar jangkauan murid dapat dihindari. Abstract: This study aims to analyze the implementation policies of the Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM) in improving the reading literacy efforts of students in schools. This type of research used in this research is a qualitative research model with a literature review. The results showed that using the information from the Minimum Competency Assessment results, teachers could develop effective and quality learning strategies. The results of the Minimum Competency Assessment can provide an overview to the teacher about the correct dose for each teaching at the right level. Strategies that are in accordance with the conditions of the students, assignments or learning given are also in accordance with the conditions of students. Thus the enthusiasm for learning is maintained. Boredom because of challenges or tasks that are too simple or feeling hopeless because of tasks that are too difficult, beyond the reach of students can be avoided.

Chilled duck meat is a popularly consumed meat in China but easily perishes at room/low temperature. Kojic acid is usually used as an antimicrobial. This study investigated the sensory scores, total bacteria number, and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) value of chilled duck meat under kojic acid treatment during storage. The results presented that kojic acid suppressed the growth of spoilage bacteria and prolonged the shelf-life of chilled duck meat by at least two days. In further investigation, the bacterial community composition was explored through high-throughput sequencing. Pseudomonas spp. were the predominant spoilage bacteria after 6-day storage and were significantly suppressed by kojic acid. Besides, Brochothrix showed drug resistance and became the dominant bacteria in the kojic acid treated sample after 6-day storage. In conclusion, kojic acid maintained the sensorial, chemical, and microbial quality of duck meat stored at low temperatures. Meanwhile, kojic acid enriched the bacteria composition and showed strong antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas spp.

Abstract: The development of individual characters was inseparable from the influence of the social environment. Particularly in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, the development is attached to the importance of Information Technology (IT). This study investigated the impact of religious conversion on the students' characteristics in the industrial revolution 4.0 era. It was conducted to the students of Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Bandung, who lived in Rumah Yatim and Tahfidz Qur’an Madani Bandung. It was a qualitative method using case study, designed to comprehensively explore the students’ experiences during the process of their religious conversion and to understand how the experiences transformed their characters. The study used the three-stage data analysis, involving data reduction, presentation and conclusions. From the analysis, it was concluded that: 1) The religious conversions done by the students were influenced predominantly by their mental and environmental factors, especially by the place where they lived; 2) The religious conversions were motivated by certain events such as parents’ divorces or deaths; 3) Their character transformations were varying with three dimensions. In the cognitive dimension, they showed an improvement of critical thinking. In the psychomotor dimension, they were more skilled to socialize. In the affective, they became more emotionally mature because of the improved memorization of the Qur'an. Abstrak: Perkembangan karakter seseorang tidak terlepas dari pengaruh lingkungan, apalagi pengaruh teknologi informasi di Era Revolusi Industri ke empat. Penelitian ini membahas tentang dampak konversi agama terhadap karakteristik peserta didik di usia remaja, khususnya pada mahasiswi Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Bandung yang tinggal di Rumah Yatim dan Tahfidz Qur’an Madani Bandung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana dampak konversi agama terhadap perubahan karakteristik informan. Sehingga bisa mempelajari lebih dalam setiap kejadian dari proses konversi agamanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari penuh dari setiap kejadian yang dialami informan. Teknik analisis datanya meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dari hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1) Konsep konversi agama adalah sebagai berubahnya suatu keadaan agama yang didominasi karena faktor batin (kejiwaan) dan faktor lingkungan tempat mereka tinggal. 2) Motivasi konversi agama mereka karena adanya kejadian-kejadian tertentu seperti keluarga broken home, orangtua meninggal, dan lainnya. 3) Dampak karakter setelah mereka konversi agama sangat beragam, dimulai dari kognitif mereka daya berpikir semakin kritis, dari psikomotor mereka lebih terampil untuk bersosialisasi, serta yang terakhir dari afektif karakter mereka lebih terjaga karena salah satu penguatnya adalah hafalan al-Qur’an.

Abstract Entrepreneurship is very important in the 4.0 era in preparing the quality Alumni of pesantren in the field of religion and entrepreneurship. So curriculum innovation in pesantren is important. This descriptive research uses a qualitative approach with the Study of Literature and case studies at Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School) Al-Ittifaq in Bandung. Based on research that Pesantren Al-Ittifaq able to produce the quality alumni in the field of religion and entrepreneurship and able to make santri independently in economic (Santripreneur). Innovations made by KH. FuadAfandi is: (1) Focus: on consumer needs (2) Totality environment: where pesantren use soil fertility as agricultural land. (3) Commitment: in carrying out the noble ideals of living for students and pesantren for the sake of Alloh’s blessing. (4) Measurement: Kiai and the students work together to expect profit (measurable), so that they can finance all needs. (5) Continuous improvement: Kiai and all students continue to improve entrepreneurship and the continuity of pesantren, so that they become independent with a turnover of billions of rupiah and a strong network of vegetable farmers. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Innovation, Curriculum.

The number of private universities in Indonesia is more than universities in the most populous country in the world, but it is not accompanied by good quality. This research is an empirical study with a descriptive, qualitative research approach. Technical data collection through documents, and observations of the process of unification of STAI and Muhammadiyah University. The unification of these two institutions is in one foundation, namely Muhammadiyah. In this merger process, the Ministry of Education and Culture and the Ministry of Religion are involved. The Chairperson of the Association of Indonesian Private Universities strongly supports the merging of two or more universities to reduce the number, facilitate coaching, and improve the quality of higher education. The first merger process was carried out by the Ministry of Education and Culture after the filing and visitation procedures were completed in writing and the visit of the LLDIKTI chairman followed by submission to DIKTIS (Directorate of Islamic Higher Education). This article aims to prove empirically about the implementation of the Ministry of Education and Culture's policies and the Decree of the Directorate of Islamic Higher Education regarding the merger of two or more universities, 2) information that the merging process of PTKAI and PTU is not easy.

The diversity of the Indonesian nation in terms of religion, ethnicity, race, local culture, and others is an inevitable reality. It constitutes the nation’s socio-cultural capital, wealth, and potential to advance in which Indonesia can be proud of. But, it can also lead to attitudes and behaviour that damage national integration. Attitudes and behaviour that are tolerant of differences, inclusive, and moderate, especially in religious life, are the main pillars of a strong nation. Currently, the attitudes and behaviour of certain groups of citizens and individuals show the opposite and these dominate the Indonesian public sphere. Using normative juridical methods and literature, this article examines the religious moderation program launched by the Indonesian government under the coordination of the Ministry of Religious Affairs as an effort to deal with the rising religious intolerance and violence in Indonesia. From a public policy perspective, this article aims to analyse actors that are involved in the religious moderation program initiated by the Ministry of Religious Affairs. Higher education institutions with their resources have the opportunity to support this program. The religious moderation program is an implication of the policy environment that is currently embedded in people's daily lives.

Cette étude a pour but d‟examiner la position de l‟enseignement islamique qui est appliqué en Indonésie actuellement, en comparant les systèmes éducatifs en France et en Indonésie. A partir de cette étude, nous espérons montrer que les innovations du système d‟enseignement islamique qui sont réalisées de manière continue, le sont dans le but d‟améliorer la qualité du système éducatif en Indonésie. Le système éducatif en France est très avancé et possède des institutions de premier plan et innovatives dans différents domaines. Cela s‟explique par l‟engagement du gouvernement français qui depuis l‟année 2004 attribue environ 23 % de son budget total à l‟éducation. Le niveau de vie des professeurs en France est classé au 3ème rang des fonctionnaires. Bien que le nombre des institutions d‟enseignement islamique en France soit encore très réduit, leur gestion a un standard très élevé, comme l‟ensemble de l‟enseignement en général en France. Tandis que les institutions islamiques en Indonésie sont très nombreuses, mais leur gestion est encore très variée et la majorité ne sont pas conformes au standard national. Cependant, l‟enseignement islamique en Indonésie a grandit de manière exponentielle dans l‟histoire de l‟enseignement national et a apporté une contribution significative dans le développement du système de l‟éducation nationale

Foods contain a variety of macromolecules such as proteins as well as trace flavor compounds and the binding effect between aroma compounds and the protein matrix has an important impact on the release and perception of the overall flavor of foods. In this paper, we systematically review the mechanism, determination methods, mathematical models and influential factors of the binding effect between proteins and aroma compounds, and summarize the binding interactions between proteins and aroma compounds including non-covalent bonding, covalent bonding and mass transfer effect, and presents a systematic comparison of the application of multispectral techniques such as fluorescence, circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to the investigation of the protein-aroma compound binding effect. Moreover, we summarize several common theoretical models and emerging molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation methods available for research on the binding interactions between proteins and aroma compounds, and review the influential factors of the release and retention of aroma compounds bound to the protein matrix from three perspectives: protein, aroma compounds and food ingredients. Furthermore, we discuss the major problems existing in the current research and put forward some suggestions for future research directions in order to provide a scientific basis and reference for the controllable release of aroma compounds bound to proteins in foods.