Search

The vulnerability detection model of Android application based on learning lacks semantic features. The extracted features contain noise data unrelated to vulnerabilities, which leads to the false positive of vulnerability detection model. A feature extraction method based on code information slice (CIS) was proposed. Compared with the abstract syntax tree (AST) feature method, the proposed method could extract the variable information directly related to vulnerabilities more accurately and avoid containing too much noise data. It contained semantic information of vulnerabilities. Based on CIS and BI-LSTM with attention mechanism, a context-aware Android application vulnerability detection model VulDGArcher was proposed. For the problem that the Android vulnerability data set was not easy to obtain, a data set containing 41 812 code fragments including the implicit Intent security vulnerability and the bypass PendingIntent permission audit vulnerability was built. There were 16 218 code fragments of vulnerability. On this data set, VulDGArcher's detection accuracy can reach 96%, which is higher than the deep learning vulnerability detection model based on AST features and APP source code features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The functionalized PS/mSiO composite particles (CPs), featuring polystyrene cores and mesoporous silica shells, were introduced into chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) processes. The PS/mSiO CPs presented a higher material removal rate ( MRR) and a lower root-mean-square ( RMS) roughness than conventional solid silica particles. The MRR (48-75 nm/min) and RMS roughness (0.16-0.26 nm) of the finished oxidized silicon wafers decreased as the shell thickness (30-50 nm) reduced. The reduced RMS roughness was attributed to their relatively low hardness and modulus. The enhanced MRR resulted from their strong adsorptivity for the active components in slurries. The non-damage surfaces were efficiently achieved from the synergetic effect of the non-rigid mechanical properties and the enhanced chemical reactivity in the interfaces between PS/mSiO CPs and substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study compared the efficacy of cutting of the intersphincteric space (COIS) with cutting seton (CS) procedure in treating high anal fistula., Methods: Patients diagnosed with high anal fistula were allocated into groups, who randomly received COIS and CS procedures. The primary outcome was wound healing time. Secondary outcomes included surgical parameters (operation time, hospital stay, and hospitalization expense), anal sphincter function, wound pain, wound size, clinical efficacy, recurrence after 12 months of follow-up, and complications., Results: A total of 72 patients participated (36 in each group). The wound healing time was notably shorter in the COIS group than the CS group (35.75 ± 11.15 vs. 55.69 ± 13. 42 days; P< 0.001). The COIS group also demonstrated superior basic surgical parameters compared to the CS group (P< 0.001). Postoperatively, the COIS group exhibited significantly higher anal resting pressure and anal maximum contractile pressure than the CS group at 3 months postoperatively (58.39 ± 6.72 vs. 51.25 ± 4.33 mmHg; P< 0.001 and 143.72 ± 8.25 vs. 126.75 ± 11.49 mmHg; P< 0.001). The Wexner incontinence score at 3 months post-operation in the COIS group was significantly lower than in the CS group (0.50;0.00,1.00 vs. 3.00; 3.00,4.00; P< 0.001). The recurrence rate was 2.78% in the COIS group and 8.33% in the CS group without statistically difference (P= 0.607)., Conclusion: In comparison to the CS procedure, COIS appears to be an effective treatment option for high anal fistulas, offering quicker wound healing time, enhanced sphincter function, less pain, minimal invasiveness, and cost-efficiency, while maintaining a high healing rate and low recurrence rate., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Surgeons.)

Deuteriodifluoromethythio (SCF 2 D) and deuteriodifluoromethyl (CF 2 D) are important functional groups in pharmaceutical and agrochemical compounds, and the introduction of these functional groups remains a challenging. We herein report a robust reagent for deuteriodifluoromethylthiolation and deuteriodifluoromethylation. Its potentials were successfully showcased by deuteriodifluoromethylation and deuteriodifluoromethylthiolation of indoles with high-level deuterium incorporation. The reagent also has potential for deuteriodifluoromethylation and deuteriodifluoromethylthiolation of wide range of other natural or synthetic bioactive molecules.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of tai chi on metabolic control and body composition indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus., Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature., Methods: Electronic resource databases were searched to collect eligible studies. Two reviewers selected studies and independently evaluated method-ological quality., Results: Twenty-three studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that tai chi had significant effects in improving metabolic indices, such as fasting blood glucose (mean differ-ence (MD) = -1.04; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) -1.42 to 0.66; p < 0.01) and total cholesterol (MD = -0.50; 95% CI -0.86 to -0.13; p < 0.01) compared with conventional clinical therapy. Most in-dices did not support the use of tai chi over aerobic exercise, except for glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (MD = -0.24; 95% CI -0.49 to 0.00; p < 0.01) and high-density lipoprotein (MD = 0.07; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.12; p < 0.01)., Conclusion: Tai chi had better effects on metabolic control and body composition indicators than clinical conventional therapy, but only on HbA1c and HDL were superior than that of aerobic exercise. The best time-window for tai chi intervention may differ with different metabolic indices.

The effect of exercise intervention on balance capacity among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients has not been evaluated. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the effect of exercise intervention on balance capacity among T2DM patients compared to the control group (usual care, waitlist, no-treatment, education). We conducted a comprehensive literature search through PubMed, EMBASE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cochrane library, Web of Science (WOS) from inception to August 2020. The literature language was limited to English. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-experimental (Q-E) trials that examined the effect of exercise intervention on balance capacity among T2DM patients were included. We used the standard methods of meta-analysis to evaluate the outcomes of exercise intervention for balance capacity of T2DM patients. A total of 14 trials (11 RCTs and 3 Q-E trials) involving 883 participants were eligible. The meta-analysis of some studies demonstrated that exercise intervention could significantly improve Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (MD = 2.56; 95%CI [0.35, 4.77]; P  = .02), SLST (Single Leg Stance Test) under the eyes-open (EO) condition (MD = 3.63; 95%CI [1.79, 5.47]; P  = .0001) and eyes-close (EC) condition (MD = 0.41; 95%CI [0.10, 0.72]; P  = .01) compared to control group. There was no significant difference in Time Up and Go Test (TUGT) (MD = -0.75; 95%CI [-1.69, 0.19]; P  = .12) and fall efficacy (SMD = -0.44; 95%CI [-0.86, -0.01]; P  = .05). Narrative review of some studies indicated that exercise intervention could improve postural stability measured by Sensory Organization Test (SOT) and Center of Pressure (COP) variables, etc. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarized that exercise intervention could improve balance capacity in T2DM patients. However, further studies with high quality are required to evaluate its effect.