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Negotiations aimed at resolving international disputes often end in deadlock. In the current article, we focus on deadlocks triggered by missed opportunities. The consequences of missing an advantageous opportunity have been studied extensively in the field of psychology within the context of the inaction inertia effect. The concept was recently introduced into the negotiation literature. Forgoing an attractive action opportunity creates vulnerability to regret and increases the likelihood of forgoing subsequent inferior opportunities, even if they still have positive value. The current article deepens the applicability of inaction inertia to international negotiations, by adopting a new multi-step multi-issue paradigm, which better approximates real-life negotiations. Using the new platform, we demonstrate the inaction inertia effect in a dynamic negotiation setting and link an individual's inertia mindset to the experience of regret. The methodology and analysis presented will help researchers and practitioners explain inertia-induced deadlocks, and facilitate interventions that expedite successful resolutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Psychology & Sociology is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we propose a general valuation framework for option pricing problems related to skew diffusions based on a continuous-time Markov chain approximation to the underlying stochastic process. We obtain an explicit closed-form approximation of the transition density of a general skew diffusion process, which facilitates the unified valuation of various financial contracts written on assets with natural boundary behavior, e.g. in the foreign exchange market with target zones, and equity markets with psychological barriers. Applications include valuation of European call and put options, barrier and Bermudan options, and zero-coupon bonds. Motivated by the presence of psychological barriers in the market volatility, we also propose a novel 'skew stochastic volatility' model, in which the latent stochastic variance follows a skew diffusion process. Numerical results demonstrate that our approach is accurate and efficient, and recovers various benchmark results in the literature in a unified fashion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to analyze the economic, psychological and pedagogical aspects of the implementation of results-based management in the activities of vocational and professional pre-higher education institutions. The practical significance of the article is that the effects of implementing a results-based management in the activities of vocational and professional pre-higher education institutions have been established; it has been supplemented the classic model of managerial competency of the head of such institutions with the specific competencies necessary for the implementation of this management paradigm; it has been developed and tested results-based management technology that incorporates components of strategic and operational management of institutions using specific tools; the principles of development of managerial competence of heads of institutions of vocational and professional pre-higher education which are necessary for the implementation of results-based management are defined; economic preconditions of implementation of results-based management has been defined; psychological factors of implementation of this management paradigm have been determined, in particular, the level of respondents’ readiness to implement the results-based management paradigm in daily professional activity and possible obstacles to this; recommendations on the effective implementation of the innovative management paradigm, taking into account the specificities of institutions of vocational and professional pre-higher education, are developed. It was determined economic preconditions which affect institutions of vocational and professional pre-higher education: reduction of internal markets for raw materials, products, services, reducing the investment attractiveness of regions, rupture of cooperation ties with other regions of the country, reorientation of the specialization of the economy due to the loss of part of the country’s territories, increase in the share of the country’s GDP in agriculture, forestry, fisheries, public administration and defense, mining and quarrying, reduction of production with high added value, reduction of mining industries in the country’s total GDP, disparities in labor supply and demand - curtailment of labor applications in the field of production with deep processing of raw materials, growth of the informal segment of the economy. It is determined that the most complementary to modern challenges of the external environment and transformed management functions of the heads of institutions of vocational and professional pre-higher education is the results-based management paradigm. The effects of its implementation in the activity of the institution of vocational and professional pre-higher education were established: ensuring the organizational capacity of the institution, its ability to accomplish the mission and maintain sustainable functioning in the long term prospective; increase of personal efficiency of employees of the institution; effective performance of tasks in conditions of optimal use of resources; development of a specific corporate culture of the institution (which will also affect its students, which in the future will allow them to adapt in the business environment); opportunity to carry out project-based activities (from project idea and concept to ensuring financial and organizational project management). It has been supplemented the classic model of managerial competency of the head of such institutions with the specific competencies necessary for the implementation of results-based management paradigm: knowledge of the content, principles, methods and means of results-based management; experience in applying managerial skills in organizing people’s activities to achieve the operational and strategic goals of the institution; experience in the use of project-based management instruments; ability to use specific software tools to implement results-based management paradigm. It has been developed and tested results-based management technology that incorporates components of strategic and operational management of institutions using specific tools (SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, benchmarking, Road Map, As is-and to be, strategic and foresight sessions, SMART, Mind Map, RBM, KPIs, ABC analysis, Pareto principle, Eisenhower matrix, delegation algorithm, work day photography, etc.). The principles of development of managerial competence of the heads of institutions of vocational and professional pre-higher education for realization of results-based management paradigm have been defined: systematic, scientific, value orientation, contextuality, self-development, polyfunctionality, continuity, diversification, integration, efficiency. The use of the expert evaluation method (conducted through a structured interview method) allowed to identify psychological factors for the implementation of results-based management, in particular, the level of respondents’ readiness to use this management paradigm in their daily professional activities and the possible obstacles to this. It has been found that there is a likelihood of psychological resistance and the personal limitations of executives in implementing results-based management paradigm. Recommendations for effective implementation of results-based management have been developed, taking into account the peculiarities of institutions of vocational and professional pre-higher education in the context of: design the content of the development of managerial competence of the heads of these institutions, increasing the level of motivation of participants in the program of development of managerial competence, the application of the of specific principles of management competence development, avoidance of possible psychological barriers to implementation of results-based management paradigm in daily professional activities.

This research investigates the effects of an electronic detox treatment on the utilization of social media and smartphones, addiction levels, and the general health of individuals. Remarkably, individuals discovered that the digital detox was less challenging than anticipated, with a significant number expressing sensations of pleasure and alleviation. Although a few individuals encountered instances of alienation and solitude, the majority managed to adapt to the limited availability of the internet. Notably, individuals saw heightened tedium and replaced their use of social networking sites with additional tasks using screens. After the procedure, measures demonstrated favorable or neutral enhancements in addictions and health-related results. The quantitative findings indicate an increased understanding of online conduct and the use of self-regulating strategies. Concrete recommendations put forward by respondents include reducing stringent deadlines, implementing personalized limitations, and devising tactics to regulate alerts and their use. These observations may be used to shape subsequent digital detox programs in order to improve their efficacy and increase participation from participants., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Anandpara et al.)

Purpose – The purpose of the study is to examine the prices of some of the most widely traded stocks from Taiwan, Brazil and South Africa for indications of psychological barriers at round numbers. Design/methodology/approach – The sample under study includes a group of 24 stocks (8 for each one the emerging markets) during the period 2000-2014. We test for uniformity in the trailing digits of the stock prices and use regression and GARCH analysis to assess the differential impact of being above or below a possible barrier. Findings – We found no consistent psychological barriers in individual stock prices near round numbers. Moreover, we document that the relationship between risk and return tends to be weaker in the proximity of round numbers for about half of the stocks under study. Originality/value – This is the first study to examine the prices of single stocks from emerging markets for indications of psychological barriers at round numbers. Our results advocate special reflection regarding trading strategies linked to support and resistance levels in stock prices.

We examine for the first time the major stock markets of eight Latin American countries for indication of psychological barriers at round numbers. We test for uniformity in the trailing digits of the indices and use regression and GARCH analysis to assess the differential impact of being above or below a possible barrier. The Chilean stock market seems to be significantly different from its counterparts as it is the only one that showed virtually no signs of psychological barriers. There is mild to strong evidence of barriers in the remaining markets. These findings challenge the notion that most Latin American markets are unpredictable and lend credit to the claim that technical analysis strategies can be useful in some of these markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted a survey to investigate to what extent the fear of COVID-19 has influenced the patients decision to undergo or to cancel endoscopic procedures. We collected data from 847 patients from 13 centres. The main indication for endoscopy was anemia, followed by pain and unexplained weight loss. The percentage of not presenters progressively increased throughout the three weeks of study, from 15.1% at the beginning to 48.2% at the end. 37 (34.2%) upper GI endoscopies and 112 (56.3 %) colonoscopies showed an organic cause explaining the symptoms presented by the patients, respectively; 5 cases of gastric cancer (4.6%) and 16 cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) (6.0%), respectively, were detected; during the second week the percentage of organic diseases found at upper endoscopy was 19 (33.3%) with 5 cancer (8.7%), and 61 (49.1%) at colonoscopy, with 2 CRC (1.6%); finally, during the third week the corresponding figures were 19 (48.7%) for upper GI examinations, with 3 gastric cancers (7.7%), and 43 (60.5%) with 4 (6.5%) CRC cases found.We conclude that patients weighted the fear of having a clinically relevant disease with the fear of becoming infected by coronavirus, and a relevant percentage of them (29.4%) decided not to attend the endoscopy suites at the scheduled date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Financial & Credit Activity: Problems of Theory & Practice is the property of University of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose. The health benefits of Nordic walking have been widely examined in previous studies. However, the social benefits of the activity are still unknown. The aim of this study is to explore various social aspects of Nordic walking from the instructors' perspective related to the activity participation. Methods. Overall, 14 Nordic walking instructors contacted electronically via the International Nordic Walking Federation instructor database completed open-ended questionnaires. The open-ended questionnaire consisted of 17 questions, grouped in sections (socio-demographic characteristics, career background, motives for becoming a Nordic walking instructor, characteristics of Nordic walking groups, means of promoting Nordic walking in local communities, group dynamics, and perceived barriers to participation). The data were content-analysed by using qualitative-data-management software MAXQDA 10. Results. Participation in Nordic walking focused on building and maintaining strong social relationships between practitioners and instructors, which offered social and emotional support within the groups. The study identified environmental and psychological barriers to Nordic walking. Environmental barriers were associated with the weather and seasonal conditions, and the diversity of built and natural environments. Psychological barriers to Nordic walking referred to a negative image of walking with poles. Conclusions. Nordic walking was suitable for people who searched for an opportunity to exercise with the intention for socialising and improving health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Soochow Journal of Economics & Business is the property of Soochow Journal of Economics & Business and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

While prior research has primarily focused on corporate and governmental aspects of Circular Economy (CE) adoption, this study examines a less-explored area: people's awareness of CE principles. We employ the theory of behavioral choice (TBC) as a theoretical framework, shedding light on the psychological causes of inaction that hinder CE awareness. Our survey gathered responses from 2070 participants using non-probability sampling and applied composite-based structural equation modeling (CSEM) to analyse the data collected. Our findings reveal that these psychological barriers, such as the perception of sunk costs and limited cognition, impede individuals from embracing CE principles. However, social influence, encompassing the persuasive influence of peers, family, and celebrities, emerges as a promising factor in overcoming these barriers and boosting CE awareness. This study breaks new ground by examining the connection between psychological barriers and CE awareness across five distinct CE strategies, offering fresh insights into how CE awareness influences decision-making for a more regenerative economy. The practical implications of our research underscore the importance of fostering societal engagement in CE and promoting strategies to mitigate psychological barriers through education, incentives, and communication programs. [Display omitted] • Investigates how psychological barriers influence people's awareness of the circular economy. • Explores the moderating impact of social influence. • Converses about behavioral decisions stemming from individuals' circular economy awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We aimed to gain insight into psychological barriers toward initiation of strong opioid analgesic use in patients with advanced recurrent cancer., Methods: This study included 46 patients who were prescribed with opioid analgesics for advanced recurrent cancer. The primary outcome was psychological barriers assessed using the Japanese version of the Barriers Questionnaire-II (JBQ-II). The secondary outcomes were psychological changes and pain relief one week after the induction of strong opioid analgesics., Results: The mean age of participants was 63.6 years. Furthermore, 26.1% had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of ≥3. The mean JBQ-II total score was 1.97 (95% confidence interval: 1.75-2.19). At the initiation of opioid therapy, there was no difference in the total scores between the baseline and one week later. Nevertheless, there was a significant difference in the subscale "disease progression" score (mean 2.97 vs. 2.59, difference in means 0.38, standard error 0.16, p  = 0.026). Personalized Pain Goal (PPG) was achieved in about half of the participants, and a trend toward a higher score in the subscale "harmful effects" (concern about adverse events) was observed in those who did not achieve PPG., Conclusion: This study showed that patients with advanced recurrent cancer have psychological barriers to opioid induction. The relationship between the presence of psychological barriers before and after induction of opioid analgesics and the speed of pain improvement was determined. The results may provide fundamental information for prospective intervention studies to develop individualized education programs for patients with psychological barriers to opioids.Clinical Trial Registration Number UMIN000042443., Competing Interests: No competing financial interests exist., (© Takehiko Tsuno et al., 2024; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.)

This article reviews over sixty years of research on psychological barriers to intergroup conflict resolution and finds that scholars have identified eighty nominally different barriers that create or exacerbate intergroup conflict. In order to create a tractable list that would be more helpful to future scholars and practitioners, we consolidate this vast literature (e.g., by eliminating substantive and conceptual redundancies) to produce a list of twenty‐six "unique" psychological barriers. We further organize this inventory of barriers with a framework that distinguishes between "cognitive," "affective," and "motivated" psychological barriers. To better understand the literature ecosystem of research on psychological barriers, we employ a data visualization tool to illustrate the extent to which each of the twenty‐six unique barriers has been studied conjointly with every other barrier in the articles we reviewed. We then shift our attention to the work of scholars who have attempted, experimentally, to attenuate psychological barriers in negotiation and conflict settings, and identify five primary methods for doing so. Finally, we discuss the implications of our review for future work in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sport Sciences / Magallat ulum Al-Riyadat is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The high drop-out and low throughput rates in higher education institutions is a matter of concern. Students must overcome many psychological barriers in the pursuit of an under- and postgraduate qualification. Self-efficacy is regarded as an under-researched psychological variable that may influence students' success in higher education institutions. Drawing on Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, this study explores the self-efficacy beliefs of postgraduate Language Practice students. A qualitative research design was employed. Eleven narrative essays were completed and analysed by means of directive coding. Tuesdays were identified as the worst day of the week due to the module Research Methods and Techniques, that impacted negatively on the students' self-efficacy beliefs. Social engagement in the form of support groups is seen as an important role player in self-efficacy beliefs. Educators should consider students' various backgrounds when engaging with students, since this aspect proves to be an important factor in the development of self-efficacy beliefs. The findings may help navigate educators towards rendering the necessary emotional and social student support as a strategy to address the low success rate in universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Exceptional Child: Teaching & Upbringing is the property of National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Overcoming sociopsychological barriers within intergroup communications may bring forth new, practical methods for conflict resolution, particularly crucial for groups engulfed by intractable conflict. This article examines the use of humor—an extremely effective technique of persuasive communication—as one potential route whose potency in resolving intractable conflicts has thus far been neglected. In Study 1, Palestinians who read a message from an "Israeli representative" (conveying the Israeli narrative of the conflict) agreed more with the Israeli perspective once three short humorous asides were added to the original statement. When these humorous asides targeted Jewish‐Israelis, Palestinian‐Israeli participants were more willing to compromise on various aspects of the conflict. In Study 2, Jewish‐Israelis who read a message from a "Palestinian representative" were more agreeable to the Palestinian message (portraying the Palestinian narrative) once three short humorous asides were added to the original statement. When these humorous asides were general in nature (but not when they targeted Palestinian‐Israelis), Jewish‐Israeli participants were more willing to compromise on various aspects of this intractable conflict. These findings further demonstrate the power of psychological barriers in intractable conflicts and the potential of humor to overcome them. Implications and limitations of the current research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the frequency of patients' related psychological factors that delay timely insulin initiation in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients presenting to a teaching hospital. Methodology: This was a descriptive study performed in Lady Reading Hospital, Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar from February 2017 to February 2018. Three hundred patients of type 2 Diabetes who had not achieved target HbA1c were enrolled in the study by simple random sampling. A questionnaire was filled for each patient, after consent, including their age, sex and occupation, duration of diabetes, HbA1c level, current medications and reasons for insulin refusal. SPSS version 20 was used for data interpretation. Results: Three hundred patients [168 (54%) female and 132 (46%) male] were included in the study. Requirement of healthcare personnel to inject insulin (91.33%) followed by fear of injection (85.33%), fear of hypoglycemia (84%), insulin therapy being lifelong (84%) and injections being painful (80.66%) were the most reported concerns. Insulin injections being embarrassing (41.33%), vision problem (42.66%) and fear of weight gain (44.66%) were the least reported concerns of the patients. Conclusion: A number of important psychological barriers leading to refusal of early insulin initiation in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients were found in this study. Requirement of healthcare personnel to inject insulin was found to be the most frequent psychological barrier followed by fear of injection, fear of hypoglycemia, lifelong insulin therapy and injections being painful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine six major Asian stock markets for indication of psychological barriers at round numbers. We test for uniformity in the trailing digits of the indices and use regression and generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) analysis to assess the differential impact of being above or below a possible barrier. The strongest indication of barriers was found in the markets of South Korea and Taiwan. There is mild evidence of barriers in Japan and Hong Kong and the stock markets of Singapore and China exhibit only weak signs of psychological barriers. These findings challenge the notion that Asian markets are efficient and support the claim that technical analysis strategies can be useful in some of these markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the factors which determinate internet banking (IB) decisions among UK IB customers based on a survey which resulted into 191 usable questionnaire respondents randomly collected from a UK city. A linear regression technique is used to analyse data. It is found that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use consistently have significant positive impacts on the decisions of IB adoption while these IB users are specifically concerned about security risk, privacy risk and financial risk related to using IB services. However, social risk has no significant impact on their decision to adopt IB. The findings indicate that traditional technology related factors are still relevant but psychological barriers, especially risk concerns have significant negative impacts on consumers’ attitudes towards IB.

The retroperitoneal hematoma can have, mainly, a traumatic etiology - blunt abdominal trauma (falls from height, road accidents, aggression of any kind, etc.), or open (incised wounds, puncture, penetration or gunshot wounds). Ruptured arterial aneurysms can cause hemorrhage in the retroperitoneal space. There is also spontaneous retroperitoneal trauma in patients with chronic treatment with anticoagulant or antiaggregant drugs (1). Hemorrhage in the retroperitoneal space can be iatrogenic, after surgical, open or laparoscopic, interventions (2, 3). A particular type of retroperitoneal hematoma is the psoas muscle hematoma in patients with chronic oral anticoagulant treatment (Acenocumarol, Warfarin). The management of the retroperitoneal hematoma, whatever the cause may be, is, for most of the time, difficult. In case of traumatic etiology, the retroperitoneal hematoma is not the only lesion, being frequently associated with severe hollow or parenchymal organs injury or vascular lesions, which highlights the importance of a complete and precise clinical inventory of the lesions. The decision between an aggressive, surgical or interventional attitude and a conservative one, with monitoring, is often taken under pressure. Especially difficult are the cases in which the imaging results of the lesions is uncertain, when the patient presents hemodynamic instability, when other lesions can not be excluded, or when the parietal peritoneum is ruptured and the retroperitoneal hematoma gets into the peritoneal cavity, the patient presenting haemoperitoneum. For most of the time, these cases have indication for exploratory laparotomy, for a diagnostic, not therapeutic, goal.

Copyright of Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The current study screened for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and self-harming behaviours, often related to borderline personality disorder (BPD), among individuals in a job centre considered unemployable primarily for psychological reasons. Participants (N = 112) filled in questionnaires on PTSD symptoms (n = 62) and self-harming behaviours (n = 59) as part of participating in team-meetings providing the individuals with a return-to-work plan. Differences in demographic variables between individuals with and without valid protocols were small to moderate. Of the individuals filling in the PTSD questionnaire 40% fulfilled criteria for probable PTSD and 31% of the individuals filling in the questionnaire on self-harming behaviours reported five or more types of self-harming behaviours. Only a minority of these individuals had PTSD or BPD respectively mentioned in their case records. Further investigation of the prevalence of PTSD and self-harming behaviour among individuals considered unemployable is warranted as well as an enhanced focus in jobcentres and other institutions supporting employability on detection and treatment of PTSD and early signs of BPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We proposed and tested a conceptual model of how cultural cognition worldviews, climate change risk perception, and psychological barriers are related to reported energy conservation behavior frequency. Egalitarian and communitarian worldviews were correlated with heightened climate change risk perception, and egalitarian worldviews were correlated with weaker perceived barriers to reported energy conservation behavior. Heightened climate change risk perception was, in turn, associated with fewer perceived barriers to engagement in energy conservation behavior and more reported energy conservation behaviors. The relation between cultural worldviews and perceived barriers was partly mediated by climate change risk perception. Individuals with distinct worldviews perceived psychological barriers differently, and some barrier components were more strongly related to energy conservation behavior than others. Overall, climate change risk perception was the strongest predictor of perceived barriers and of energy conservation behavior frequency. Future efforts should focus on reducing the psychological barriers to energy conservation behavior identified in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We use ultra high frequency (trade by trade) data to demonstrate that equity price clustering and pricing predictability around psychologically important prices in Greece switches away from drachma-focused with the introduction of the euro, but does not immediately switch to euro-clustering. The change in trader price focus around the euro introduction addresses an open debate in the clustering literature on whether the presence of clustering is a bias related to the current prices or anchoring to past prices. Our findings of a decline in drachma clustering, but lack of switch to euro effects supports the case for clustering being a trading feature that is slow to transfer to new pricing regimes. A key advantage of the ultra high frequency dataset is we are also able to demonstrate the presence of psychological pricing barriers related to each currency that are not detectable in daily data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]