171 results on '"Pleadin J"'
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52. Količina aflatoksina B1 i okratoksina A u hrvatskim i slovenskim tradicionalnim mesnim proizvodima.
- Author
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Pleadin, J., Demšar, L., Polak, T., and Kovačević, D.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
53. Raktopamin - promotor rasta u mesu i mesnim proizvodima.
- Author
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Pleadin, J.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
54. Effect of addition of various sugars on fermentation process of Croatian indigenous dry sausage Kulenova seka.
- Author
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Kovačević, D., Mastanjević, K., Frece, J., Pleadin, J., and Šakić, I.
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of addition of various sugars (glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltodextrin) on fermentation process of Kulenova seka made according to the traditional recipe. Physical-chemical properties of meat and backfat samples, stuffing and samples of Kulenova seka during the process of fermentation were determined. Also, colour and textural parameters and weight loss were determined. For the purpose of monitoring the intensity of fermentation, we conducted continuous measurements of pH value. Fermentation process began immediately after the preparation of the stuffing and lasted for approximately 3 weeks (samples with 0.8% maltodextrin added), approximately 4 weeks (reference sample and samples with 0.8% glucose, sucrose, lactose added) wherein pH value lowers from initial 5.5-5.7 to the lowest value of 5.3-5.4, and 5.0 in the samples of Kulenova seka with maltodextrin added. Instrumental colour parameters and weight losses varied significantly (p < 0.05) with the addition of different sugars. Texture parameters were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by the addition of sugars. The sample with addition of maltodextrin showed the highest weight loss during the processing. The results showed that maltodextrin, compared to glucose, sucrose and lactose, had the most effect on the efficiency or speed, intensity and duration of the fermentation process, as evidenced by the most rapid decrease and the lowest pH values, as also with the highest loss in weight loss and the intensity of dehydration (drying). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
55. Udjel masti i sastav masnih kiselina tržišnog lubina (Dicentrarchus labrax) uzgojenog na području Jadrana.
- Author
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Barbir, T., Pleadin, J., Zrnčić, S., Oraić, D., Vulić, A., Milinović, I., and Petrović, M.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
56. Utjecaj dodatka različitih šećera na proces fermentacije hrvatske trajne kobasice kulenove seke.
- Author
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Kovačević, D., Mastanjević, K., Frece, J., Pleadin, J., and Šakić, I.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
57. Utjecaj tehnoloških operacija na smanjenje koncentracije okratoksina A tijekom proizvodnje Slavonskog kulena.
- Author
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Kovačević, D., Pleadin, J., Mastanjević, K., and Frece, J.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
58. Opasnosti od površinske kontaminacije plijesnima u tradicionalnoj proizvodnji kulena.
- Author
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Kovačević, D., Pleadin, J., Mastanjević, K., and Frece, J.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
59. Procjena moguće izloženosti okratoksinu A putem konzumacije kontaminiranih mesnih proizvoda.
- Author
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Vulić, A., Perši, N., Vahčić, N., Hengl, B., Gross-Bošković, A., Jurković, M., Kovačević, D., and Pleadin, J.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
60. Fizikalno-kemijska svojstva, tekstura i boja konjske salame.
- Author
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Kovačević, D., Mastanjević, K., Frece, J., and Pleadin, J.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
61. Varijabilnost fizikalno-kemijskih i senzorskih svojstava autohtonih mesnih proizvoda između proizvodnih domaćinstava.
- Author
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Pleadin, J., Vahčić, N., Perši, N., and Kovačević, D.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
62. Comparison of ractopamine residue depletion from internal tissues.
- Author
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Pleadin, J., Vulić, A., Perši, N., Terzić, S., Andrišić, M., Žarković, I., Šandor, K., and Perak, E.
- Subjects
- *
RACTOPAMINE , *ADRENERGIC beta agonists , *MUSCLE growth , *DRUG administration , *VETERINARY drug residues , *ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay - Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare residue depletion of ractopamine HCl as a β-adrenergic agonist that promotes muscle growth of animals, from internal tissues on days after its repeat administration to animals. The experiment was carried out in 38 albino guinea pigs. Treated animals ( n = 30) were orally administered ractopamine HCl in a dose of 3.5 mg/kg body mass per day for 7 consecutive days. On days 1, 10, 20 and 30 of drug discontinuation, animals were randomly sacrificed and the liver, kidney, lung, heart, muscle, spleen and fat samples were collected. In all matrices, ractopamine concentration was determined using validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a quantitative screening method. The highest ractopamine concentration was recorded on day 1 in the lungs (55.80 ± 15.62 μg/kg), followed by the kidney (21.85 ± 3.91 μg/kg), spleen (12.59 ± 1.95 μg/kg), fat (10.17 ± 5.02 μg/kg), heart (9.73 ± 0.22 μg/kg), liver (5.58 ± 2.09 μg/kg), and lowest in muscle (2.21 ± 1.02 μg/kg). Ractopamine residues were detected in the lungs in the period of 30 days after withdrawal in significantly higher concentrations in comparison to other investigated matrices, suggesting that depletion of ractopamine from the lungs occurs at a much slower rate than its depletion from other internal tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
63. 17ß-estradiol u goveđem mesu, mlijeku i krvi: Fiziološke razine i zlouporaba u stočarskoj proizvodnji.
- Author
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Pleadin, J. Jelka, Perši, N., Vulić, A., and Vahčić, N.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
64. Usporedba kemijskog sastava i količine teških metala u mesu lubina (Dicentratchus labrax) i komarče (Sparus aurata) iz uzgoja i slobodnog ulova.
- Author
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Vulić, A., Bogdanović, T., Pleadin, J., Perši, N., Zrnčic, S., and Oraić, D.
- Subjects
SEA basses ,NEMADACTYLUS macropterus ,BODY composition of fish ,HEAVY metals ,FISHING ,STATISTICAL significance ,SPARUS aurata - Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
65. β- adrenergic agonists: substances with anabolic effect in animals for meat production.
- Author
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Pleadin, J., Vulić, A., and Perši, N.
- Subjects
ADRENERGIC beta agonists in animal nutrition ,FEED utilization efficiency ,CLENBUTEROL ,ADIPOSE tissues ,LITERATURE reviews - Abstract
The paper reviews the literature data on the β-adrenergic agonists as a group of substances with anabolic effect in animals. The chemical structures of individual compounds are displayed as their basic properties, mechanism of action, physiological effects and adverse effects in humans and animals caused by exposure to anabolic doses of these substances. β- agonists in the body achieve the effect by binding to specific β-adrenergic receptors located on cell membranes of target tissues. Their use in anabolic dose in animals results in a significant increase in muscle mass and a decrease in body fat mass, better utilization of food, increased growth of animals and improved organoleptic properties of meat produced. In the last two decades, in some countries of the European Union, β-agonists were illegally used during the fattening of animals, with the aim to achieve significant yield in meat production and higher economic profit. A misuse of the clenbuterol as the most important representative has caused adverse effects on human and animal health. In the European Union, as well as in Croatia, the use of these substances with anabolic purposes in animals for meat production is prohibited, and the control of abuse is carried out through national residue monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
66. β-adrenergićki agonisti: tvari s anabolićkim ućinkom kod životinja za proizvodnju mesa.
- Author
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Pleadin, J., Vulić, A., and Perši, N.
- Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
67. Učinak subkronične primjene raktopamina na kemijski sastav i razine ostataka u svinjskom mesu.
- Author
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Pleadin, J., Vulič, A., Perši, N., and MiliĂ, D.
- Subjects
PHENETHYLAMINES ,FOOD composition ,FOOD chemistry ,DRUG dosage ,COLLAGEN ,IMMUNOENZYME technique ,PORK - Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
68. Sadržaj kolesterola u domaćim i industrijskim kobasicama.
- Author
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Pleadin, J., Vahčić, N., Perši, N., Vulić, A., Volarić, M., and Vraneš, I.
- Subjects
CHOLESTEROL ,SAUSAGES ,MEAT ,FERMENTED foods - Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
69. Kontrola uporabe tvari s anaboličkim učinkom u proizvodnji mesa.
- Author
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Pleadin, J., Vulić, A., and Perši, N.
- Subjects
METABOLISM ,SLAUGHTERING ,AGRICULTURE ,IMMUNOENZYME technique - Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2009
70. Analysis of clenbuterol residues in pig liver using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
- Author
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Pleadin Jelka, Bratoš Igor, Vulić Ana, Perši Nina, and Ðugum Jelena
- Subjects
clenbuterol residues ,liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry ,liver ,pigs ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for determination of clenbuterol residues in liver tissue as a regulatory matrix for the control of clenbuterol abuse as an anabolic. To investigate the level of clenbuterol residues during the withdrawal period, male food-producing pigs were exposed to subchronic repeat oral administration of a clenbuterol growth-promoting dose for 28 days. The analytical procedure showed acceptable validation results for all liver spiked samples analyzed and proved to be useful as a quantification and confirmation method in supporting regulatory enforcement programs of clenbuterol misuse monitoring. The highest level of clenbuterol in the liver of treated animals was recorded on day 0 of treatment cessation (21.58±14.29 ng/g), followed by 6.59±3.11 ng/g on day 3, 0.83±0.27 ng/g on day 7, and 0.44±0.08 ng/g on day 14 of withdrawal. At the end of the study period (day 35), the concentration of clenbuterol was below the method limit of detection (
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. Consumption of canned oily fish as a source of fatty acids
- Author
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Kresic, G., Olivera Koprivnjak, Lesic, T., Jurkovic, M., Sokolic, D., Gross-Baskovic, A., Branezec, K., and Pleadin, J.
- Subjects
DHA ,fungi ,food and beverages ,EPA ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Nutrition ,consumption ,n-6 ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Nutricionizam ,canned oily fish ,canned oily fish, consumption, fatty acids, PUFA, n-3, n-6, EPA, DHA ,fatty acids ,PUFA ,n-3 - Abstract
Seafood has been acknowledged as an integral part of a healthy diet, especially due to its polyunsaturated fatty acid content. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of canned oily fish to the daily fatty acid intake in the representative sample of Croatian adults. Consumption data were obtained through the National Food Consumption Survey, while the fatty acid profile of different canned products (tuna, sardine and mackerel) was determined using gas chromatography. The average canned fish consumption of 36.64 g/day was registered in only 4% of examinees. The analysed canned products highly varied in their n-3 fatty acids share. The n- 3/n-6 ratio ranged from 0.09 (canned tuna in oil) to 1.33 (canned tuna with vegetables). Judging by the average daily consumption and mass ratio of PUFAs in canned fish products, when consuming sardine in oil, Croatian consumers attain 130.3% of the recommended EPA + DHA intake ; when consuming tuna in oil, sardine with vegetables, mackerel in oil and tuna with vegetables, the resulting percentages are 60.4, 43.0, 25.9 and 3.8, respectively.
72. The concentrations of the inflammatory markers the amino-terminal portion of C-type pronatriuretic peptide and procalcitonin in canine babesiosis caused by Babesia canis,Koncentracije upalnih biljega aminoterminalnog okrajka C-tip pro natrijuretičkog peptida i prokalcitonina u babeziozi pasa uzrokovanoj protozoonom Babesia canis
- Author
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Brkljačić, M., Marin Torti, Pleadin, J., Mrljak, V., Šmit, I., Kia, I., Mayer, I., Crnogaj, M., and Matijatko, V.
73. Nutritional quality of different fish species farmed in the Adriatic sea
- Author
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Pleadin, J., Lešić, T., Krešić, G., Barić, R., Tanja Bogdanović, Oraić, D., Vulić, A., Legac, A., and Zrnčić, S.
- Subjects
Nutritional quality ,Farmed fish ,Adriatic Sea ,Basic chemical composition ,Mineral, Fatty acid - Abstract
We investigated the nutritional quality of commercially important farmed fish species: sea bream (Sparus aurata), sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), dentex (Dentex dentex), and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). The omega-3 fatty acid content of dentex was twice as high as that of any other fish species, and its eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid contents were 2-4 times higher. The recommended n-3/n-6 ratio was present in all the fish species, but the recommended polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio was not present in the turbot. All the fish species, except turbot, met the recommended atherogenic index, thrombogenic index, and ratio of hypocholesterolaemic to hypercholesterolaemic fatty acids, whereas the highest flesh lipid quality value was observed in the dentex.
74. Seasonal and geographical variations in chemical composition and fatty acid profile of mediterranean mussels
- Author
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Krešić, G., Pleadin, J., Kvrgić, K., Lešić, T., Džafić, N., Zrnčić, S., Vulić, A., Tanja Bogdanović, Oraić, D., and Vahčić, N.
75. Decreasing deoxynivalenol concentration in maize within the production chain of animal feed
- Author
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Siniša Srečec, Štefanec, J., Pleadin, J., and Bauman, I.
- Subjects
maize ,deoxynivalenol (DON) ,grain storage ,extrusion - Abstract
This paper deals with the changes of deoxynivalenol content in chain of production, cleaning, drying, storage and processing of maize. During seven months of storage the content of deoxynivalenol was significantly decreased in comparison to the content of deoxynivalenol detected in the same lots immediately after harvest (D=3.23 mg/kg ; p=0.00012). The content of deoxynivalenol was significantly decreased in the maize extrudate in comparison to the content of deoxynivalenol detected in the same lots immediately after maize harvest (D=4.1 mg/kg ; p=0.000014) and also significantly decreased in the extrudate in comparison to maize whole grains after seven months of storage (D=0.85 mg/kg ; p=0.013). Such a decreasing of deoxynivalenol content can be explained by adequately provided postharvest treatment and extrusion.
76. The influence of Fusarium culmorum contamination level on deoxynivalenol content in wheat, malt and beer
- Author
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Krstanović, V., Mastanjević, K., Natalija Velić, Pleadin, J., Perši, N., and Španić, V.
- Subjects
ELISA ,Fusarium ,wheat ,beer ,deoxynivalenol ,food and beverages - Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of the initial Fusarium culmorum contamination level on deoxynivalenol (DON) concentrations in wheat, green malt, dry malt, beer and its by-products and to determine the influence of applied unit operations during the wheat beer production process on DON concentrations. Wheat samples with different initial F. culmorum contamination levels were subjected to a micromalting procedure followed by microbiological and toxicological analyses of green malt (grain after steeping and germination), dry malt and beer in which the share of F. culmorum-contaminated grain and the DON concentration were determined. The results show that the strongest proliferation of fungus occurred during the steeping and germination phase, whereas the drying phase significantly reduced the contamination level. Mycotoxicological analysis showed that DON is stable during beer production, transfers from malt to wort, and is found in beer production by-products such as spent grain, spent yeast and germ/rootlets.
77. Consumption of canned oily fish as a source of fatty acids.
- Author
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Krešić, G., Koprivnjak, O., Lešić, T., Jurković, M., Sokolić, D., Gross-Bošković, A., Branežec, K., and Pleadin, J.
- Subjects
FISH as food ,FATTY acid content of food ,FOOD consumption ,GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) ,DOCOSAHEXAENOIC acid - Abstract
Seafood has been acknowledged as an integral part of a healthy diet, especially due to its polyunsaturated fatty acid content. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of canned oily fish to the daily fatty acid intake in the representative sample of Croatian adults. Consumption data were obtained through the National Food Consumption Survey, while the fatty acid profile of different canned products (tuna, sardine and mackerel) was determined using gas chromatography. The average canned fish consumption of 36.64 g/day was registered in only 4% of examinees. The analysed canned products highly varied in their n-3 fatty acids share. The n-3/n-6 ratio ranged from 0.09 (canned tuna in oil) to 1.33 (canned tuna with vegetables). Judging by the average daily consumption and mass ratio of PUFAs in canned fish products, when consuming sardine in oil, Croatian consumers attain 130.3% of the recommended EPA + DHA intake; when consuming tuna in oil, sardine with vegetables, mackerel in oil and tuna with vegetables, the resulting percentages are 60.4, 43.0, 25.9 and 3.8, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
78. Xenobiotic clenbuterol: Toxicologic implication of persisting residues in liver as edible tissue
- Author
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Gojmerac, T., Pleadin, J., Lipej, Z., and Novosel, D.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
79. PHYSICOCHEMICAL, MICROBIOLOGICAL AND COLOUR ATTRIBUTES OF HORSE SALAMI ESTABLISHED DURING THE RIPENING PERIOD.
- Author
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KOVAČEVIĆ, D., MASTANJEVIĆ, K., PLEADIN, J., and FRECE, J.
- Subjects
- *
DRIED meat , *HORSES , *MICROBIOLOGY , *ANALYSIS of colors , *LACTOCOCCUS lactis - Abstract
Changes in physicochemical, colour, textural, microbiological and sensory attributes occurring during the processing of Horse Salami and established on manufacturing days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 60, 90 were studied. Significant changes (P<0.05) in physicochemical parameters attributable to moisture loss, as well as changes in colour and textural properties were observed during the fermentation and ripening stage. Proteolysis and lipolysis, coming as a result of endogenous enzymatic activity and high lactic acid bacteria and staphylococci counts, contributed to specific organoleptic properties of the final product. Sensorial profiling showed a significant (P<0.05) acid taste, lactic acid odour and flavour intensity, and low fat/lean ratio and smokiness and saltiness values. Final Horse Salami products were microbiologically safe, the dominant microbial population thereby being Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis, Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus xylosus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
80. POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN SELECTED FOOD ITEMS COMING FROM THE CROATIAN MARKET.
- Author
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BOGDANOVIĆ, T., PETRIČEVIĆ, S., LISTEŠ, E., and PLEADIN, J.
- Subjects
- *
POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons , *SHELLFISH , *FISHERY products , *MEAT , *SPICES , *PROCESSED foods - Abstract
The study aims to evaluate the presence of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fishery products, shellfish, meat products and spices (n = 140). Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was detected in the mean concentration of 0.11 µg/kg in mussels to 4.85 µg/kg in spices. However, none of the samples exceeded the maximal BaP and ∑PAH4 limit, set out under the European legislation, although high values determined in some food, especially dried herbs and spices, pointed towards a heavy contamination and the necessity for systematic controls. The study showed that processed food samples contained significantly higher (p<0.05) PAH levels in comparison to food coming from environmental sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
81. Climate Change and Mycotoxins Trends in Serbia and Croatia: A 15-Year Review.
- Author
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Kos J, Radić B, Lešić T, Anić M, Jovanov P, Šarić B, and Pleadin J
- Abstract
This review examines the 15-year presence of mycotoxins in food from Serbia and Croatia to provide a comprehensive overview of trends. Encompassing the timeframe from 2009 to 2023, this study integrates data from both countries and investigates climate change patterns. The results from Serbia focus primarily on maize and milk and show a strong dependence of contamination on weather conditions. However, there is limited data on mycotoxins in cereals other than maize, as well as in other food categories. Conversely, Croatia has a broader spectrum of studies, with significant attention given to milk and maize, along with more research on other cereals, meat, and meat products compared to Serbia. Over the investigated 15-year period, both Serbia and Croatia have experienced notable shifts in climate, including fluctuations in temperature, precipitation, and humidity levels. These changes have significantly influenced agriculture, consequently affecting the occurrence of mycotoxins in various food products. The results summarized in this 15-year review indicate the urgent need for further research and action to address mycotoxins contamination in Serbian and Croatian food supply chains. This urgency is further emphasized by the changing climatic conditions and their potential to exacerbate public health and food safety risks associated with mycotoxins.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
82. Regional distribution and diversity of Aspergillus and Penicillium species on Croatian traditional meat products.
- Author
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Zadravec M, Lešić T, Brnić D, Pleadin J, Kraak B, Jakopović Ž, Perković I, Vahčić N, Tkalec VJ, and Houbraken J
- Subjects
- Food Microbiology, Croatia, Aspergillus metabolism, Fungi metabolism, Sodium Chloride analysis, Meat Products analysis, Penicillium metabolism, Ochratoxins
- Abstract
Various factors, such as weather and production practices (e.g., environmental hygiene, process duration, raw material quality, ripening temperature, and relative humidity), in combination with the intrinsic product properties (e.g., pH, a
w , salt content), significantly affect the growth of surface moulds. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify surface moulds retrieved from traditional meat products (TMPs) and correlate these data to the production region and production technology. The surface of 250 TMPs (dry-fermented sausages, n = 108; dry-cured meat products, n = 142) from five Croatian regions were sampled during a two-year period. Dry-fermented sausages had a significantly higher pH and a lower salt concentration when compared to dry-cured meat products. In total, 528 isolates were obtained, comprising 20 Penicillium and 17 Aspergillus species. The species most frequently isolated from the dry-fermented sausages were P. commune (32.4 %), A. proliferans (33 %), and P. solitum (14.8 %), while A. proliferans (52.1 %), P. commune (28.9 %) and P. citrinum (19.7 %) predominated in dry-cured meat products. Aspergillus predominated on the TMPs from southern Croatia, while Penicillium was prevalent on products from the other four regions, possibly due to differences in weather conditions. Seven potentially mycotoxigenic species (A. creber, A. flavus, A. niger, A. westerdijkiae, P. citrinum, P. commune, and P. nordicum) were isolated and identified. Regular monitoring of mould species and their toxigenic metabolites present on traditional meat products is of the utmost importance from the public health perspective, while the results of such a monitoring can prove beneficial for the tailoring of the production technology development., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Jelka Pleadin reports financial support, administrative support, and equipment, drugs, or supplies were provided by Croatian Science Foundation. Jelka Pleadin reports a relationship with Croatian Science Foundation that includes: funding grants., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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83. Climate Change-A Global Threat Resulting in Increasing Mycotoxin Occurrence.
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Kos J, Anić M, Radić B, Zadravec M, Janić Hajnal E, and Pleadin J
- Abstract
During the last decade, scientists have given increasingly frequent warnings about global warming, linking it to mycotoxin-producing moulds in various geographical regions across the world. In the future, more pronounced climate change could alter host resilience and host-pathogen interaction and have a significant impact on the development of toxicogenic moulds and the production of their secondary metabolites, known as mycotoxins. The current climate attracts attention and calls for novel diagnostic tools and notions about the biological features of agricultural cultivars and toxicogenic moulds. Since European climate environments offer steadily rising opportunities for Aspergillus flavus growth, an increased risk of cereal contamination with highly toxic aflatoxins shall be witnessed in the future. On top of that, the profile (representation) of certain mycotoxigenic Fusarium species is changing ever more substantially, while the rise in frequency of Fusarium graminearum contamination, as a species which is able to produce several toxic mycotoxins, seen in northern and central Europe, is becoming a major concern. In the following paper, a high-quality approach to a preventative strategy is tailored to put a stop to the toxicogenic mould- and mycotoxin-induced contamination of foods and feeds in the foreseeable future.
- Published
- 2023
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84. Microbial and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Cold Smoked Sea Bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ), a New Product of Fishery.
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Pellegrini M, Iacumin L, Pleadin J, Krešić G, Orecchia E, Colautti A, Vulić A, Kudumija N, Bernardi C, and Comi G
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial and physico-chemical characteristics of cold smoked sea bass (CSSB), a novel italian fish product. The microbiological analyses showed the presence of bacterial contamination from the raw material, the environment, and the production process. The microbial spoilage population was dominated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) associated with Gram-negative fermenting bacteria, including Photobacterium phosphoreum and psychrotrophic Enterobacteriaceae. Brochotrix thermospacta and Aeromonas spp. were also present; in contrast, mould and yeast were not detected (<2 CFU/g). High levels (6-7 log CFU/g) of LAB and total bacteria count (TBC) were observed from day 45 of storage; however, their presence does not seem to have influenced the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), which always remained below 35 mg N/100 g. Consequently, the product is acceptable until day 60 of storage, considering that the malonaldehyde index (TBARS) was lower than 6.5 nmol/g. Pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes were not detected. Currently, there is a growing demand for seafood due to its high quality and nutritional value. Cold smoked sea bass offers a source of macro- and micronutrients essential for the proper functioning of the human body. It is also rich in protein and omega-3 fatty acids. The WHO and FAO evaluated the benefits and risks and concluded that there is convincing evidence of health benefits from fish consumption, such as a reduction in the risk of heart failure and improved neurodevelopment in infants and young children when fish is consumed by the mother before and during pregnancy. The CSSB analysed in this study demonstrated to have health benefits due to long-chain omega-3 PUFAs and other nutrients, such as proteins, minerals, and vitamin D, which are sometimes difficult to obtain from other sources. The results show that CSSB has a high nutritional value and excellent microbial quality.
- Published
- 2023
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85. Resveratrol ameliorates ortho- polychlorinated biphenyls' induced toxicity in ovary cells.
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Miletić M, Kmetič I, Kovač V, Šimić B, Petković T, Štrac DŠ, Pleadin J, and Murati T
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Resveratrol pharmacology, Ovary metabolism, Polychlorinated Biphenyls toxicity, Polychlorinated Biphenyls metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can induce chronic oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death, leading to coronary heart disease, endothelial dysfunction, neurotoxicity, cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, reproductive dysfunction, etc. The aim of this study was to investigate possible protective effect of resveratrol (2.5-20 μM) in ovarian cells exposed to PCBs. An emphasis was on identifying mechanisms of resveratrol action upon distinct structure of the individual PCB congener-planar dioxin-like PCB 77 and non-planar di-ortho-substituted PCB 153. Multiple toxicity endpoint analysis was performed. Cell viability/proliferation was assessed by Trypan Blue exclusion method, Neutral Red, Kenacid Blue, and MTT bioassays. The level of oxidative stress was measured by fluorescent probes, and flow cytometry was applied to evaluate the mode of cell death. Resveratrol applied alone did not affect cell proliferation and viability in doses up to 20 µM, although significant antioxidative activity was observed. Toxic effects of ortho-PCB 153 (cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and cell death) were mitigated by resveratrol. On the contrary pre-incubation with resveratrol did not result in cell viability protection when planar PCB 77 was applied. This indicates that resveratrol efficacy may be linked to specific structure of the individual congener, suggesting nutritional modulation of environmental insults caused by ortho-PCBs. We point out the importance of resveratrol dosage considering that synergistic cytotoxic effect with both PCB congeners is observed at concentrations ≥ 10 μM., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2023
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86. Impact of Climate Changes on the Natural Prevalence of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Maize Harvested in Serbia and Croatia.
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Janić Hajnal E, Kos J, Radić B, Anić M, Radović R, Kudumija N, Vulić A, Đekić S, and Pleadin J
- Abstract
Ongoing climate change may affect the susceptibility of plants to attacks by pathogenic, mostly mycotoxigenic fungi with a consequent increase in the presence of mycotoxins. Fusarium fungi represent one of the most important producers of mycotoxins, and are also important pathogens of agricultural crops. Therefore, the main aim of the study was to estimate the impact of weather parameters on the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins, such as deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins B
1 and B2 (FUMs), zearalenone (ZEN), T-2, and HT-2 toxins (T-2/HT-2) in maize samples harvested from two neighboring countries, Serbia and Croatia, during a four-year production period (2018-2021). The frequency and contamination level of examined Fusarium mycotoxins varied by maize year of production and could be linked to weather conditions per investigated country. Among them, FUMs were found to be the most common contaminants (84-100%) of maize in both Serbia and Croatia. Additionally, a critical assessment of Fusarium mycotoxins occurrence in the last 10 years (2012-2021), for both Serbia and Croatia, was done. Results pointed out the highest contamination of maize from 2014, especially with DON and ZEN, in connection to extreme levels of precipitation observed in both Serbia and Croatia, whereas FUMs occurred with high prevalence from each of the ten investigated years.- Published
- 2023
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87. Aflatoxins in Maize from Serbia and Croatia: Implications of Climate Change.
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Pleadin J, Kos J, Radić B, Vulić A, Kudumija N, Radović R, Janić Hajnal E, Mandić A, and Anić M
- Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) represent the most important mycotoxin group, whose presence in food and feed poses significant global health and economic issues. The occurrence of AFs in maize is a burning problem worldwide, mainly attributed to droughts. In recent years, Serbia and Croatia faced climate changes followed by a warming trend. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to estimate the influence of weather on AFs occurrence in maize from Serbia and Croatia in the 2018-2021 period. The results indicate that hot and dry weather witnessed in the year 2021 resulted in the highest prevalence of AFs in maize samples in both Serbia (84%) and Croatia (40%). In maize harvested in 2018-2020, AFs occurred in less than, or around, 10% of Serbian and 20% of Croatian samples. In order to conduct a comprehensive study on the implications of climate change for the occurrence of AFs in maize grown in these two countries, the results of available studies performed in the last thirteen years were searched for and discussed.
- Published
- 2023
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88. Compositional Changes in the Extra Virgin Olive Oil Used as a Medium for Cheese Preservation.
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Klisović D, Koprivnjak O, Novoselić A, Pleadin J, Lešić T, and Brkić Bubola K
- Abstract
The influence of semi-hard (C1), hard (C2), and soft whey cheese (C3) immersed in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on its oxidative and hydrolytic parameters, fatty acids, and phenolic composition during two months of simultaneous storage was investigated. Accelerated hydrolytic and oxidative degradation was noted in EVOO stored with the immersed cheese compared to control oil. Oxidation indicator (K
232 ), myristic (C 14:0), and trans -oleic fatty acid (C18:1t) exceeded the prescribed limit for the EVOO category in oils stored with immersed C1 and C2, which indicated that standard analytical parameters are ineffective as tools to examine the declared quality and authenticity of such topping oils. The noted changes in fatty acid profile were primarily prescribed to the migration of fats. C1 and C2 influenced a comparable reduction in EVOO total identified phenolic content (-92.1% and -93.5%, respectively), despite having a different content of total proteins and moisture, whereas C3 influenced a slightly lower reduction (-85.0%). Besides the protein profile, other cheese compounds (e.g., moisture, carbohydrates) have been shown to have a considerable role in the development of the EVOO phenolic profile. Finally, compositional changes in EVOO used as a medium for cheese preservation are under significant influence of the cheese's chemical composition.- Published
- 2022
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89. Profiling of Croatian Consumers Based on Their Intention to Consume Farmed Fish.
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Krešić G, Dujmić E, Lončarić D, Zrnčić S, Liović N, and Pleadin J
- Abstract
Today's increased demand and consumption of fish would be impossible to ensure without aquaculture. Farmed fish, however, is often considered inferior among consumers in comparison to its wild counterparts. The aim of this study was to profile Croatian fishery consumers based on their intention to consume farmed fish. The participants in this study were a nationally representative sample of people responsible for food purchasing within the household (n = 977), whose responses were collected by the CAWI (computer-aided web interviewing) method. Four clusters were identified and described: farmed fish enthusiasts (21.1%), farmed fish supporters (17.4%), indifferents (44.7%), and farmed fish sceptics (16.8%). Results showed that consumer segments differed significantly with respect to age, income, employment status, living region, and physical activity. Furthermore, intention to consume farmed fish is related to fish consumption in general (those with higher intention are more frequent fish consumers). Interestingly, prejudices against farmed fish are present in all clusters; however, these prejudices are more pronounced among those with the weakest intention to consume farmed fish. Differences between clusters were observed also in respect to product information and preferences, knowledge about fish, places of usual purchase, and source of information about fishery products. The obtained results could be used in designing marketing strategies to promote farmed fish consumption.
- Published
- 2022
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90. The Occurrence of Five Unregulated Mycotoxins Most Important for Traditional Dry-Cured Meat Products.
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Lešić T, Vulić A, Vahčić N, Šarkanj B, Hengl B, Kos I, Polak T, Kudumija N, and Pleadin J
- Subjects
- Aflatoxin B1 analysis, Food Contamination analysis, Sterigmatocystin, Citrinin, Meat Products analysis, Mycotoxins analysis, Ochratoxins analysis, Penicillium
- Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence of 5 unregulated mycotoxins in a total of 250 traditional dry-cured meat products sampled in 2020 and 2021 in five Croatian regions (eastern, northern, central, western, and southern). Aflatoxin B
1 (AFB1 ), ochratoxin A (OTA), sterigmatocystin (STC), citrinin (CIT), and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) concentrations were related to the geographical region of the product's origin and to local weather. The results revealed the contamination of 27% of samples, namely, STC in 4% of samples in concentrations of up to 3.93 µg/kg, OTA in 10% of samples in concentrations of up to 4.81 µg/kg, and CPA in 13% of samples in concentrations of up to 335.5 µg/kg. No AFB1 or CIT contamination was seen. Although no statistically significant differences in concentrations of individual mycotoxins across the production regions were found, differences in mycotoxin occurrence were revealed. The eastern and western regions, with moderate climate, delivered the largest number of contaminated samples, while the southern region, often compared with subtropics, delivered the smallest, so that the determined mycotoxins were probably mainly produced by the Penicillium rather than the Aspergillus species. Due to the interaction of various factors that may affect mycotoxin biosynthesis during production, the detected concentrations cannot be related solely to the weather.- Published
- 2022
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91. A plant-based diet supplemented with Hermetia illucens alone or in combination with poultry by-product meal: one step closer to sustainable aquafeeds for European seabass.
- Author
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Pleić IL, Bušelić I, Messina M, Hrabar J, Žuvić L, Talijančić I, Žužul I, Pavelin T, Anđelić I, Pleadin J, Puizina J, Grubišić L, Tibaldi E, and Šegvić-Bubić T
- Abstract
Background: Increasing demand for high-value fish species and pressure on forage fish is challenging aquaculture to ensure sustainable growth by replacing protein sources in aquafeeds with plant and terrestrial animal proteins, without compromising the economic value and quality of the final fish product. In the present study, the effects of a plant protein-based diet (CV), two plant-based diets in which graded amounts of plan protein mixtures were replaced with Hermetia illucens meal alone (VH10) or in combination with poultry by-product meal (PBM) (VH10P30), a fishmeal (FM) diet (CF) and an FM diet supplemented with H. illucens (FH10) on growth performance, gut health and homeostasis of farmed subadult European seabass were tested and compared., Results: Fish fed the VH10 and VH10P30 diets showed the highest specific growth rates and lowest feed conversion ratios among the tested groups. Expectedly, the best preservation of PI morphology was observed in fish fed the CF or FH10 diets, while fish fed the CV diet exhibited significant degenerative changes in the proximal and distal intestines. However, PBM supplementation mitigated these effects and significantly improved all gut morphometric parameters in the VH10P30 group. Partial substitution of the plant mixture with insect meal alone or PBM also induced most BBM genes and activated BBM enzymes, suggesting a beneficial effect on intestinal digestive/absorption functions. Regarding intestinal microbiota, fish fed diets containing H. illucens meal (FH10, VH10, VH10P30) had the highest richness of bacterial communities and abundance of beneficial genera such as Lactobacillus and Bacillus. On the other hand, fish fed CV had the highest microbial diversity but lost a significant component of fish intestinal microbiota, the phylum Bacteroidetes. Finally, skin pigmentation most similar to that of farmed or even wild seabass was also observed in the fish groups fed CF, FH10 or VH10P30., Conclusion: Plant-based diets supplemented with PBM and H. illucens pupae meal have great potential as alternative diets for European seabass, without affecting growth performance, gut homeostasis, or overall fitness. This also highlights the importance of animal proteins in diets of European seabass, as the addition of a small amount of these alternative animal protein sources significantly improved all measured parameters., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
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92. Fish Consumption: Influence of Knowledge, Product Information, and Satisfaction with Product Attributes.
- Author
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Krešić G, Dujmić E, Lončarić D, Zrnčić S, Liović N, and Pleadin J
- Subjects
- Animals, Fishes, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Knowledge, Consumer Behavior, Personal Satisfaction
- Abstract
Due to its numerous health benefits, fish consumption should be strongly encouraged. Fish consumption, however, is a complex phenomenon influenced by various factors. The aim of this research is to examine the influence of knowledge, product information, and satisfaction with product attributes on fish consumption in a nationally representative sample of people responsible for food purchasing within households in Croatia (n = 977) and Italy (n = 967). Fish consumption was well predicted (R2 = 15%) by the proposed structural model, using the partial least squares structural equation modelling method (PLS-SEM). The obtained results confirm that subjective knowledge (β = 0.277, p < 0.001) and satisfaction with product attributes (β = 0.197, p < 0.001) are predictors of fish consumption. Subjective knowledge was influenced by product information (β = 0.161, p < 0.001), as well as by satisfaction with product attributes (β = 0.282, p < 0.001), while objective knowledge had an influence on product information (β = 0.194, p < 0.001). Although satisfaction with product attributes was the strongest predictor of subjective knowledge in both countries (βCRO = 0.244, βIT = 0.398), it had a greater effect among Italians (p = 0.001), while the impact of product information (βCRO = 0.210, βIT = 0.086) was more pronounced among Croatians (p = 0.010). Since the mediating role of subjective knowledge in all models was confirmed, action focused on enhancing subjective knowledge should be taken to increase fish consumption.
- Published
- 2022
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93. Occurrence and Seasonal Monitoring of Domoic Acid in Three Shellfish Species from the Northern Adriatic Sea.
- Author
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Kvrgić K, Lešić T, Džafić N, and Pleadin J
- Subjects
- Animals, Croatia, Environmental Monitoring methods, Kainic Acid analogs & derivatives, Kainic Acid analysis, Marine Toxins analysis, Neurotoxins analysis, Ostrea chemistry, Pectinidae chemistry, Seasons, Shellfish analysis
- Abstract
As filter feeders, bivalves and ascidians can accumulate contaminants present in the environment and pass them on to higher food chain levels as vectors. The consumption of bivalves contaminated with the potent neurotoxin domoic acid (DA) can cause amnesic shellfish poisoning in humans. The aim of this study was to determine seasonal differences in occurrence and accumulation of this phycotoxin in European oysters ( Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758) ( n = 46), Queen scallops ( Aequipecten opercularis Linnaeus, 1758) ( n = 53), and edible ascidians of the Microcosmus spp. ( n = 107), originating from the same harvesting area in the Northern Adriatic Sea. The quantification was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) preceded by derivatization with dansyl chloride. DA was found in very low concentrations throughout the year, with a maximum value of 810 μg/kg in Queen scallops. This study reveals differences in the occurrence and accumulation of DA between Queen scallops and the other two investigated species (oysters and ascidians) and the highest concentrations during the colder part of the year. Even though DA was detected in all of them, Queen scallops showed higher DA accumulation compared to the other two ( p < 0.001), hence representing a sentinel species suitable for the monitoring of DA level in seafood.
- Published
- 2022
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94. Mycobiota and Mycotoxin Contamination of Traditional and Industrial Dry-Fermented Sausage Kulen .
- Author
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Lešić T, Zadravec M, Zdolec N, Vulić A, Perković I, Škrivanko M, Kudumija N, Jakopović Ž, and Pleadin J
- Subjects
- Aflatoxin B1 analysis, Chromatography, Liquid, Fermentation, Fungi isolation & purification, Indoles analysis, Ochratoxins analysis, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Food Contamination analysis, Meat Products analysis, Mycotoxins analysis
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify and compare surface mycobiota of traditional and industrial Croatian dry-fermented sausage Kulen , especially toxicogenic species, and to detect contamination with mycotoxins recognized as the most important for meat products. Identification of mould species was performed by sequence analysis of beta- tubulin and calmodulin gene, while the determination of mycotoxins aflatoxin B
1 (AFB1 ), ochratoxin A (OTA), and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) was carried out using the LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) method. The results showed a significantly higher number of mould isolates and greater species (including of those mycotoxigenic) diversity in traditional Kulen samples in comparison with the industrial ones. P. commune , as a potential CPA-producer, was the most represented in traditional Kulen (19.0%), followed by P. solitum (16.6%), which was the most represented in industrial Kulen samples (23.8%). The results also showed that 69% of the traditional sausage samples were contaminated with either CPA or OTA in concentrations of up to 13.35 µg/kg and 6.95 µg/kg, respectively, while in the industrial samples only OTA was detected (in a single sample in the concentration of 0.42 µg/kg). Mycotoxin AFB1 and its producers were not detected in any of the analysed samples (- Published
- 2021
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95. Efficacy of a Modified Clinoptilolite Based Adsorbent in Reducing Detrimental Effects of Ochratoxin A in Laying Hens.
- Author
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Vasiljević M, Marinković D, Milićević D, Pleadin J, Stefanović S, Trialović S, Raj J, Petrujkić B, and Trialović JN
- Subjects
- Aflatoxin B1, Animals, Chickens, Diet, Eggs, Female, Food Contamination, Mycotoxins, Animal Feed, Dietary Supplements, Ochratoxins chemistry, Zeolites chemistry
- Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of modified clinoptilolite (Minazel Plus
® , MZ) as a mycotoxin adsorbent for preventing the negative the effects of ochratoxin A (OTA) on performance, pathohistological changes, and OTA residue in the eggs of laying hens., Methods: Forty eight ( n = 48) laying hens (27 weeks old) were equally divided into six groups and depending on the type of addition were allocated to the following experimental treatments for 7 weeks: E-I group-1 mg/kg OTA; E-II group 0.25 mg/kg OTA; E-III group 1 mg/kg OTA + 0.2% of MZ; E-IV group 0.25 mg/kg OTA + 0.2% of MZ; MZ group supplemented with 0.2% of the adsorbent; and control (K, without feed additive)., Results: Overall, the addition of 0.2% MZ to laying hen feed mitigated the harmful effects of OTA on target organs and reduced the presence of OTA residue in eggs. The groups that received 0.2% of MZ achieved better production results in terms of body weight, number of eggs, and feed consumption, compared to the other treatments., Conclusions: The current findings confirm the efficacy of MZ in preventing performance losses in laying hens exposed to OTA, as well as for improving the welfare and health of food producing animals.- Published
- 2021
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96. Cyclic imines in shellfish and ascidians in the northern Adriatic Sea.
- Author
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Kvrgić K, Lešić T, Aysal AI, Džafić N, and Pleadin J
- Subjects
- Animals, Chromatography, Liquid, Food Contamination, Imines analysis, Shellfish, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Mytilus, Urochordata
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of the most representative cyclic imines (CIs) gymnodimine (GYM), pinnatoxin G (PnTX-G), and 13-desmethyl SPX C (SPX1) in Mediterranean mussels ( Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819) (n = 416), European oysters ( Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758) (n = 104), Queen scallops ( Aequipecten opercularis Linnaeus, 1758) (n = 52) and edible ascidians of the Microcosmus spp . (n = 104) originating from nine harvesting and breeding areas in the northern part of the Adriatic Sea using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). All CI concentrations were far below the guidance level of 400 μg SPXs/kg proposed by the EU Reference Laboratory for Marine Toxins. In contrast to Queen scallops and ascidians, in Mediterranean mussels and European oysters CIs were found throughout the year. Our data reveal the differences between species predisposed for CIs accumulation, as well as seasonal and locational variations in CIs occurrence.
- Published
- 2021
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97. A Two-Year Occurrence of Fusarium T-2 and HT-2 Toxin in Croatian Cereals Relative of the Regional Weather.
- Author
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Kiš M, Vulić A, Kudumija N, Šarkanj B, Jaki Tkalec V, Aladić K, Škrivanko M, Furmeg S, and Pleadin J
- Subjects
- Chromatography, Liquid methods, Croatia, T-2 Toxin metabolism, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods, Time Factors, Edible Grain chemistry, Fusarium metabolism, T-2 Toxin analogs & derivatives, T-2 Toxin chemistry, Weather
- Abstract
To investigate into the T-2 and HT-2 toxin occurrence, 240 samples of unprocessed cereals (maize, wheat, barley, and oats) were sampled from different fields located in three Croatian regions during 2017-2018. In all samples, sum concentrations of T-2/HT-2 toxin were determined using the ELISA method, while the LC-MS/MS was used as a confirmatory method for both mycotoxins in positive samples (>LOD) and the establishment of T-2 over HT-2 toxin ratios. The results showed oats to be the most contaminated cereal, with T-2/HT-2 toxins detected in 70.0% of samples, followed by barley (40.9%), maize (26.8%) and wheat (19.2%), with the mean T-2/HT-2 ratio ranging from 1:2.7 in maize to 1:4.4 in oats. Sum T-2/HT-2 concentrations in two maize samples were higher than the indicative level recommended by the European Commission, necessitating subsequent investigations into the conditions under which these poorly investigated mycotoxins are produced. Statistically significantly ( p < 0.05) higher concentrations of T-2/HT-2 toxin were determined in oats throughout study regions as compared to those found in wheat, but not maize and barley, while the concentrations of these mycotoxins were related to the regional weather in Croatia.
- Published
- 2021
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98. Cell membrane-related toxic responses and disruption of intercellular communication in PCB mechanisms of toxicity: A review.
- Author
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Murati T, Miletić M, Pleadin J, Šimić B, and Kmetič I
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Membrane metabolism, Cell Membrane pathology, Humans, Intercellular Junctions metabolism, Intercellular Junctions pathology, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Risk Assessment, Signal Transduction, Carcinogens toxicity, Cell Communication drug effects, Cell Membrane drug effects, Intercellular Junctions drug effects, Polychlorinated Biphenyls toxicity
- Abstract
An understanding of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener-specific effects on cell membrane and intercellular communication is important within the studies of PCB absorption, organ-related PCB accumulation and exertion of toxic responses. Toxic potential of PCBs is linked to various deleterious effects on human health, including neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive toxicity and genotoxicity and, recently in 2016 International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has upgraded the classification of PCBs to Group 1 "Carcinogenic to humans." Proposed mechanisms of aforementioned PCBs adverse effects at cellular membrane level are: (i) downregulation of gap junction intercellular communication and/or connexins; (ii) compromised membrane integrity; and (iii) altered tight junction barrier function. This study, based on an extensive literature survey, shows the progress in scientific research of each of these three levels with the aim of pointing out the earliest toxic events of PCBs, which can result in serious cell/tissue/organ damage., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
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99. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in dry-fermented sausages in Croatia, by LC-MS/MS.
- Author
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Kudumija N, Vulić A, Lešić T, Vahčić N, and Pleadin J
- Subjects
- Animals, Croatia, Fermentation, Food Microbiology, Reproducibility of Results, Rural Population, Swine, Aflatoxins analysis, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Food Contamination analysis, Meat Products analysis, Ochratoxins analysis, Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a highly-sensitive liquid chromatographic - tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method to investigate the presence of aflatoxins (AFB
1 , AFB2 , AFG1 and AFG2 ) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in traditional homemade sausages (n = 88) collected from small family farms situated in different regions in Croatia. Aflatoxins were not detected (- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
100. Characterization of Traditional Croatian Household-Produced Dry-Fermented Sausages.
- Author
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Lešić T, Vahčić N, Kos I, Zadravec M, Sinčić Pulić B, Bogdanović T, Petričević S, Listeš E, Škrivanko M, and Pleadin J
- Abstract
Characterization of five types of traditional Croatian dry-fermented sausages produced by family farms was performed via identification of superficial mycobiota, physicochemical, sensory, instrumental color, fatty acids & fat quality indices. Detailed characterization of these sausages aimed to achieve standardization of their production and composition and to establish and/or improve their specification protocols. Traditional sausages varied significantly ( p < 0.05) in all analyzed parameters except for the number of mold isolates. Sausages coming from eastern Croatia had a greater mold species diversity, with the highest number of isolated mycotoxigenic species in Slavonian domestic sausage. Sensory evaluation showed good acceptability of all sausages. According to health recommendations, Kulenova Seka showed the most representable values for most of fat quality indices. The results suggest the need for certain modifications in fat & fatty acid composition and, to a lesser extent, in salt content, however not at the expense of product safety, quality and acceptability.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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