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At the present time photographic visual processing is rapidly moving towards the next stage. In addition, a variety of visual processing technologies are evolving, such as splitting image dimensions, calibration, pixel beautification, and high-resolution images. The impact of this digital visual processing technology has now greatly enhanced the opportunities for digital video processing technology and the source of its evolution. The vast industry of converting color images from black and white enables it to present even historical videos of the earlier period in a contemporary manner. In this paper, the segmentation based visual processing algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is designed to enhance resolution and clarity to a certain extent with multi-visual enhanced pixels. It also enhances the contrast, brightness and sharpness enhancement as it is much improved over the previous methods. This algorithm works on each image frame and enhances the overall visual function.

The PiXeL detector (PXL) for the Heavy Flavor Tracker (HFT) of the STAR experiment at RHIC is the first application of the state-of-the-art thin Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) technology in a collider environment. Custom built pixel sensors, their readout electronics and the detector mechanical structure are described in detail. Selected detector design aspects and production steps are presented. The detector operations during the three years of data taking (2014–2016) and the overall performance exceeding the design specifications are discussed in the conclusive sections of this paper.

The PiXeL detector (PXL) for the Heavy Flavor Tracker (HFT) of the STAR experiment at RHIC is the first application of the state-of-the-art thin Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) technology in a collider environment. Custom built pixel sensors, their readout electronics and the detector mechanical structure are described in detail. Selected detector design aspects and production steps are presented. The detector operations during the three years of data taking (2014–2016) and the overall performance exceeding the design specifications are discussed in the conclusive sections of this paper.

Background. A vibration signal generated or transformed by an object, both natural and man-made, carries a large amount of information about the state and properties of this object. This circumstance can be of great help in ensuring the safety of our lives in other areas, but subject to the correct extraction and interpretation of this information. The imperfection of currently used methods for measuring vibration parameters is an obstacle to achieving this goal. This obstacle is proposed to be overcome by introducing a new methodology for measuring vibration parameters. Materials and methods. The essence of the proposed methodology lies in the fact that instead of a sequence of time-spaced instantaneous values of the measured vibration parameter or a complex functional composed of the values of several such parameters, an image of a round mark applied to the surface of the test object is analyzed. The recording device forms a series of images of a round mark, both with and without vibration blur. The intensity of the vibrational process is judged based on the analysis of a series of relative vibrational increments of the image area of a round mark with vibrational blur. Results and conclusions. The principle of vibration signal intensity estimation is stated. A family of curves is presented, reflecting the reduced methodological error of measuring the intensity of vibration based on the analysis of the vibrational increment of the area of the image of a round mark. A numerical example of determining the limiting absolute methodological error of such a measurement is considered. The indicators of the measurement method presented in the article are compared with those of the contact vibrometer BALTECH VP-3470-Ex.

Quantum dot (QD) color conversion has recently been demonstrated in commercial QD‐OLED displays on the market exhibiting exceptional color gamut coverage, brightness, black levels, and viewing angles. To continue developing QDs for a wide range of future display technologies, two key aspects remain under study. First, how can blue light absorption be maximized for small pixel formats (<10 μm) requiring thin QD color conversion layers and second, as pixel sizes shrink and display brightness increases, how can these materials remain stable under high blue‐light excitation flux (up to 5W/cm 2)? Here we describe experiments addressing these two areas of continued development for heavy‐metal free QDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the field of high energy particle imaging detection, there is an urgent requirement for detectors with radiation hardness and thermal resistance. Here, we design a 4H-SiC pixel detector based on a $4\times4$ p-i-n diode array. The thickness of sensitive region (epitaxial layer) is up to $90 ~\mu \text{m}$ , which could realize the detection of 6-MeV tritium. The active area of one p-i-n diode is 1.6 mm $\times1.6$ mm. With an excellent design of gradual doping space modulated (GDSM) junction termination extension (JTE), the reverse bias voltage is up to 5 kV, and the average leakage current is lower than 70 pA when the reverse bias voltage is 400 V. Based on a 16-channel readout electronic system, this detector shows good performance in the position resolution experiment for 5.4-MeV $\alpha $ particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elimination of hidden lines is mandatory for realistic representation of real objects on computer screens. Many efficient algorithms proposed by eminent researchers are available to eliminate the hidden line. One of the most popular algorithms is depth algorithm which uses depth of each pixel on the surface and scans the entire buffer. This technique requires high memory to store the information of each pixel. In this work we propose an efficient algorithm to eliminate hidden lines using orthographic projections. The proposed algorithm obtains the orthographic projection of line and surface on the view plane. Both surface and line, we can uniquely identify them with the help of extreme vertex points. Then by using concept of line clipping, we compute the point of intersection of the line with boundaries of the obscuring surface and then clipping between point of intersection gives elimination of the hidden portion of the line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying borehole lithofacies through geop- hysical loggings is a fundamental task in petroleum exploration industry. Recent interdisciplinary studies have demonstrated the feasibility of applying machine learning to lithofacies identification. Most of these studies establish a mapping from the logging values at one depth point to the lithofacies type. However, due to the intrinsic properties of geophysical loggings, the logging shape should be taken into consideration, apart from the absolute values. In this article, we present the attempt to predict the lithofacies by feeding logging segments, and for the first time model the logging lithofacies identification problem as 1-D semantic segmentation. Such a logging segmentation task is challenging due to two reasons, strong spatial heterogeneity of lithofacies subsurface distribution and the explicit physical significance of geophysical loggings. To solve these challenges, we propose a novel geophysical logging segmentation network entitled SegLog. Specifically, we develop a global statistics pooling subnetwork and a statistics fusion subnetwork to generate statistical embeddings of geophysical loggings. Based on these statistical embeddings, we design a pixel-enhanced convolutional subnetwork to learn the microdetailed features, indicated by pixel-level logging values. These features are fused with the macrosemantic features extracted by a backbone U-Net to constitute the representations that can simultaneously describe the logging spatial correlation and pixel specificity. Experimental results on two logging datasets from the Jiyang Depression verify the effectiveness of our modeling strategy and its state-of-the-art performance on the lithofacies identification problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An overview of different charge and voltage storage global shutter (GS) pixel arrays developed over the last 15 or so years reflects the advancement of CMOS technology. High dynamic range and multitap GS pixels found their applications in automotive and other emerging fields. Both front side illuminated and back side illuminated (BSI) pixel structures are covered with highlights on the impact to the GS pixel performance including near-infrared and visual sensitivity, GS efficiency, pixel crosstalk, and angular response improvements. Proliferation of BSI per pixel stacked GS pixels pushed sizes into the 2.2- $\mu \text{m}$ range and promised even further pixel size reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data security and privacy play a significant role in human life over the past few years. In the present digital era, advanced technologies utilize wide reliance and ubiquity to assist the counter theft system. Due to the enhanced crime rate, determining the solution becomes a burdensome process to recognize the fingerprint. To overcome such shortcomings, this paper proposes a convolution neural network and dynamic differential annealing (CNN-DDA)-based spoofed fingerprint detection. Here a CNN-DDA approach is proposed to analyze and evaluate the false or forged fingerprint concerning spoof forgery authentication system. The main intention of CNN-DDA architecture employs in investigating a complicated and problematic relationship among various features thus enabling highly detailed features. The proposed CNN-DDA-based spoofed fingerprint detection uses various datasets namely LivDet 2015 and LivDet 2013 for evaluation. Also, the real image set is captured using various fingerprint scanners such as Gelatine, wood glue, ecoflex and modasil. The experimental analysis is conducted for various evaluation measures such as accuracy rate, classification error value rate and processing time. The results revealed that the proposed approach provides high spoofed fingerprint detection with a better accuracy rate, less processing time and classification error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pixel circuit for micro‐LED display has been developed with IGZO TFT device. By using pulse width modulation method, the pixel circuit can operate at high peak current and low duty ratio to keep micro‐LED at high emission efficiency and stable color performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Typical properties of the display backplane and CF are image quality such as brightness, uniformity, crosstalk, response time, and gamut. A global optimal design that satisfies these properties must search all design spaces. This paper proposes a simulation and design space exploration through an AI‐based solution. Numerous layouts are generated through AI based layout generator, and the properties are checked through Fast Simulator, which has been accelerated by replacing physics simulation with AI. Humans can check 10 designs per week, and AI can check over 1000 designs per hour. AI overpowers humans in search range, optimal path, predictive power and speed. In all design spaces, optimal results are being applied to the new QD display product development process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Engineering Sciences & Information Technology is the property of Arab Journal of Sciences & Research Publishing (AJSRP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The text reviews the Arts and Machine Civilization International Scientific Conference. The conference took place on March 30—April 2, 2021, and was organized by the State Institute for Art Studies, GITR Film and Television School, and the Saint Petersburg State University. SIAS has been hosting conferences on contemporary culture, screen art and television for 17 years. This year, for the first time in the history of such forums, the researchers were tasked with analyzing the new things that machines have brought to the arts and, in general, to human life. The conference took its special place among the forums held over the past year in Russia and abroad in the following areas: artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Journey, Moscow,Russia); machine learning (International Conferenceon Machine Learning, Vienna, Austria; 3rd International Conference on Machine Learning and Machine Intelligence, Hangzhou, China); civilization of knowledge (Civilization of Knowledge: Russian Realities, Moscow, Russia), etc. The novelty of the conference lies in the unification of the seemingly incompatible phenomena: art and machine civilization. As is commonly known, art was traditionally opposed to technology as something alien, sometimes hostile, although the both were born in human mind and created by human hands. Until now, the expression “machine civilization” in art has been used mainly in the genre of fantasy and with an emphasis on its negative connotations. The purpose of the conference was to comprehend the artistic practices in the era of machine civilization, get acquainted with current hypotheses, publish new facts and discuss modern terminologies (law of spontaneity, law of semantic uncertainty, algorithmic apophenia, post-opera, artificial life and new vitality). Along with the study of new challenges, old issues were raised, which became in demand in the machine civilization: originals and copies of artworks, the boundaries of conventionality and overcoming distrust in new media, narratives and poetics in serious and entertaining screen genres. The conference reports were divided into six blocks: Theoretical Models, Screen Arts—Cinema, Fine Arts, Music, PC Games, and Digitalization. Данный текст представляет собой обзор международной научной конференции «Искусство и машинная цивилизация», прошедшей с 30 марта по 2 апреля 2021 года. Организаторами конференции выступили Государственный институт искусствознания, Институт кино и телевидения (ГИТР) и Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет. Конференции, посвященные современной культуре, экранному искусству и телевидению, проводятся в ГИИ на протяжении 17-ти лет. В этом году впервые за историю подобных форумов перед исследователями была поставлена задача проанализировать то новое, что привнесено машинами в сферу искусств и в целом в человеческую жизнь. В числе прошедших за последний год в России и за рубежом форумов в области искусственного интеллекта (Artificial Intelligence Journey, Москва, Россия); машинного обучения (International Conference on Machine Learning, Вена, Австрия, 3-я Международная конференция по машинному обучению и машинному анализу, Ханчжоу, Китай); цивилизации знаний («Цивилизация знаний: российские реалии», Москва, Россия) и др. данная конференция заняла свое особое место. Новизна ее концепции состоит в объединении, казалось бы, несовместимых явлений: искусства и машинной цивилизации. Как известно, традиционно искусство противопоставлялось технике как чему-то чуждому, иногда враждебному, хотя и то, и другое явилось результатом творения рук человеческих и его ума. До сих пор выражение «машинная цивилизация» в искусстве использовалось главным образом в жанре фантастики и с акцентом на отрицательные коннотации. Цель конференции — осмыслить художественные практики искусства в эпоху машинной цивилизации, познакомиться с актуальными гипотезами, обнародовать новые факты и обсудить современную терминологию («закон спонтанности», «закон смысловой неопределенности», «алгоритмическая апофения», «пост-опера», «искусственная жизнь и новая витальность»). Наряду с изучением новых проблем, были подняты и старые, которые стали востребованы машинной цивилизацией: оригинал и копия художественного произведения, границы условности и преодоление недоверия к новым медиа, нарративы и поэтика в серьезных и развлекательных экранных жанрах. Весь корпус докладов конференции был разделен на шесть блоков: «Теоретические модели», «Экранные искусства — кино», «Изобразительное искусство», «Музыка», «Компьютерные игры» и «Цифровизация».

• Trimethoprim 2-aminobenzoate salt obtained. • Qualitative assessment of intermolecular interactions using Hirshfeld surface. • Stabilizing & destabilizing molecular dimers were identified using the CLP-PIXEL method. • Evaluation of charge-assisted hydrogen bonds utilizing the IQA method. • XPac program utilized for structural similarity analysis. A comprehensive investigation of the weak non-covalent interactions within the crystal structure of trimethoprim 2-aminobenzoate (2,6-diamino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidin-1-ium 2-aminobenzoate) is presented. The protonation of trimethoprim and the deprotonation of 2-aminobenzoate were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Qualitative Hirshfeld surface analysis identified intermolecular H···H, O···H, and C···H contacts as the three primary interactions within the title salt. Fourteen molecular pairs (M 1AA − M 14AB) were extracted from the crystal packing of the title salt using the PIXEL method. These molecular dimers were further characterized using the QTAIM and DFT approaches. Seven intermolecular pairs (M 1AA − M 7BB) formed between like-charged species (i.e. +1···+1 or -1···-1) resulted in destabilization, with total energies (E tot) ranging from 67.2 to 200.1 kJ mol-1. Conversely, molecular pairs formed between oppositely charged species (i.e. +1···-1) exhibited stabilizing behavior, with interaction energies ranging from -133.7 to -449.7 kJ mol-1. Topological analysis of charge density revealed that two N–H···O hydrogen bonds between cation and anion displayed an intermediate character between shared and closed-shell interactions. Additionally, comparison with previously reported similar TMP salts (CSD ref. code: CESRUN, HURMOW and PARWUB) demonstrated 3D-isostructural packing features in the crystal structure of the title salt. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In The Affect Theory Reader, Gregory J. Seigworth and Melissa Gregg write about Roland Barthes’s splendid notion of ‘shimmer’: an ‘exhaustively nuanced space’ that may be inventoried as patho-logies (by which to contemplate pathos) of bodies (human and nonhuman). In Alex Garland’s 2018 film Annihilation, a refracting effect — the Shimmer — which has appeared around a lighthouse and is slowly spreading outwards, is being studied. Military groups have entered the Shimmer never to return. A group of female scientists — of which Lena (Natalie Portman), a biologist, is one — enter the Shimmer and begin to inventory the strange organic duplicates of form within it. These organic structures, while extraordinarily nuanced, are also patho-logies of organic life as they are refracted by the Shimmer. This article will consider the ‘exhaustively nuanced space’ of cinema and its patho-logies via the conditions of the rhythm of the pixel in cinema, and beyond, in social media. While cinema, as well as social media, can be conceived as an affective experience, this essay will consider how the rhythm of the pixel as an energetic relation allows for an ethics to arise in the relation between the media text and the spectator/operator. In an examination of the rhythm of the pixel beyond the cinematic medium, I consider the energetic ‘becoming’ of the spectator/operator and the digital image (text and image in social media) as they act in relation. In an examination of the rhythm of the pixel beyond the movie theatre, I consider the infinite intensities in the aisthetic encounter of body and text/image in social media and its correlation to the politics of a mass-art. My hope is that in the ‘exhaustively nuanced space’ of rhythm beyond the cinematic medium and the pixel beyond the movie theatre, what may be found is patho-logies conjured by affective intensities and their connectives whereby digital interactions may no longer be refracted by the passions of divisive debate, but by an ethics of care, compassion, and empathy.

The technique most widely used to quantitatively measure leg edema is only a pitting edema method. It has recently become possible to digitize B-mode ultrasound images and accurately quantify their brightness using an image-analysis software program. The purpose of this study was to find new indices of the grade of leg skin, to study whether or not analyses of the subcutaneous layer of leg skin on ultrasound images using image-editing software program can be used to evaluate it and to digitize it. Images of 282 subcutaneous layers of leg skin in 141 pregnant women were obtained using a B-scan portable ultrasound device. Rectangular photographs (vertical: skin thickness; horizontal: width of probe) were obtained using an image-editing program, and the luminous intensity (pixel grayscale: 0–255) and thickness of the skin were calculated using a histogram. We investigated the correlation between these parameters and the grade of pitting edema (0–3). There was a significant positive correlation between the grade of pitting edema and the average luminous intensity value, its standard deviation, and the skin thickness (ρ = 0.36, ρ = 0.22, ρ = 0.51, p < 0.0001, respectively). In particular, there was strong positive correlation between the grade of pitting edema and both the total number of pixels in a rectangle × (multiplied by) the average luminous intensity value and the total number of pixels in a rectangle × the standard deviation of the average luminous intensity value (ρ = 0.58 and ρ = 0.59, p < 0.0001, respectively). We could quantitatively evaluate the grade of leg edema by analyzing ultrasound photographs of the subcutaneous layer of the leg skin using an image-editing software program and found new indices to digitize it.

This study aimed to compare the inter-software and inter-observer reliability and agreement for the assessment of follicular and luteal morphometry and echotexture parameters in beef crossbreed females (3/8 Bos taurus indicus and 5/8 Bos taurus taurus). B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonographic ovarian images were obtained at specific time points of estradiol-progesterone-based protocols for timed artificial insemination (TAI). Sonograms were analyzed by two observers using a licensed (IASP1) and an open access (IASP2) software package. A total of 292 snap-shot sonograms were analyzed for morphometric parameters and 504 for echotexture parameters. inter-software reliability was judged moderate to excellent (ICC or CCC=0.73–0.98), whereas inter-observer reliability for morphometric parameters was deemed good to excellent (ICC or CCC=0.82–0.98). A small percentage (up to 10.95 %) of measured parameters fell outside the limits of inter-software and inter-observer agreement. For echotexture parameters, inter-software reliability varied widely (ICC or CCC=0.16–0.95) based on the size of regions of interest (ROI), while inter-observer reliability ranged from moderate to excellent (ICC or CCC= 0.71–0.97). The highest inter-software reliability for pixel value and heterogeneity value was observed for the corpus luteum (ICCs=0.81–0.95; P >0.05), followed by the peripheral follicular antrum (ICCs=0.75–0.78; P <0.05). However, lower reliability was determined for the follicular wall (ICCs=0.08–0.33; P <0.0001) and perifollicular stroma (ICCs=0.16–0.46; P <0.05). In conclusion, both software packages showed high reproducibility for morphometric measurements, while echotexture measurements were more challenging to replicate based on ROI sizes. Caution is advised when selecting ROI sizes for echotexture measurements in bovine ovaries. • Software packages were interchangeable for morphometric assessment of ovarian structures. • Trained observers achieve optimal reliability and agreement. • Follicular echotexture parameters were inconsistent between software packages. • Reliability of echotexture parameters varied according to the size of the regions of interest. • Smaller regions of interest were associated with lower reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new ALICE Inner Tracking System (ITS2), installed in ALICE in May 2021 during a major upgrade campaign, significantly enhances the resolution on the determination of the distance of closest approach to the primary vertex, the tracking efficiency at low transverse momenta, and the read-out rate capabilities with respect to the previous tracker. It is equipped with silicon Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) with a pixel size of 27 × 29 μ m 2 , a spatial resolution of 5 μ m and it features a material budget of 0.36 % X 0 (inner layers). With a total sensitive area of about 10 m 2 , it represents the largest scale application of the MAPS technology in a HEP experiment and the first ever built at the LHC. This article shows the performance results of ITS2 during data taking in the LHC Run 3 where more than 250 billion events have been collected so far in proton–proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13.6 TeV, five times more than Run 2. The detector is characterized by a stable spurious hit rate of about 10−8 hits/event/pixel and an impact parameter resolution of about 50 μ m at a transverse momentum of 500 MeV/ c. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I will give a brief overview of the use of position sensitive devices for particle physics. I will focus on silicon-based systems only. In addition to the depiction of a suite of recently designed, built, and operated detectors I will also introduce planned near term additions. I will conclude with a brief outlook regarding challenges for silicon detector applications for future colliders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Turner Syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder, wherein the female's growth is impacted. Immature ovaries, low stature, and heart abnormalities are a range of developmental and medical issues due to TS. The condition of TS might be detected prior to birth, throughout infancy or in the early years of life. The diagnosis of TS in girls with modest symptoms and indications is sometimes deferred until they reach adolescence or become young adults. This study presents an algorithm to segment the hand digital X-ray image in children with TS. In medical image and computer vision examination, image segmentation is demanding, and very crucial. Prevailing segmentation algorithms even now suffer from common segmentation issues including under-segmentation, over-segmentation, and spurious or non-closed edges, regardless of the several years of studies. In this paper, Anchor Based Link (ABL) segmentation approach is proposed to detect TS based on fourth Metacarpal bone from left hand X-ray images. The detection of TS is demonstrated based upon the comparison of proposed approach with existing watershed segmentation and Gaussian-Mixture-Model-based Hidden-Markov-Random-Field (GMM-HMRF) method. The proposed approach attains better segmentation based on the ratio of height and width of left fourth finger that is analyzed for normal children and children having TS with the help of edge pixel present in the metacarpal bone that has been segmented. The suggested method is verified on fifty (50) sample X-ray hand images of carpal bones, providing 0.60 ± 0.02 as an average Dice coefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the design and characterization of a CMOS pixel direct charge sensor, Topmetal-II-, fabricated in a standard 0.35 μm CMOS Integrated Circuit process. The sensor utilizes exposed metal patches on top of each pixel to directly collect charge. Each pixel contains a low-noise charge-sensitive preamplifier to establish the analog signal and a discriminator with tunable threshold to generate hits. The analog signal from each pixel is accessible through time-shared multiplexing over the entire array. Hits are read out digitally through a column-based priority logic structure. Tests show that the sensor achieved a

We report the design and characterization of a CMOS pixel direct charge sensor, Topmetal-II-, fabricated in a standard 0.35 μm CMOS Integrated Circuit process. The sensor utilizes exposed metal patches on top of each pixel to directly collect charge. Each pixel contains a low-noise charge-sensitive preamplifier to establish the analog signal and a discriminator with tunable threshold to generate hits. The analog signal from each pixel is accessible through time-shared multiplexing over the entire array. Hits are read out digitally through a column-based priority logic structure. Tests show that the sensor achieved a

At the present time photographic visual processing is rapidly moving towards the next stage. In addition, a variety of visual processing technologies are evolving, such as splitting image dimensions, calibration, pixel beautification, and high-resolution images. The impact of this digital visual processing technology has now greatly enhanced the opportunities for digital video processing technology and the source of its evolution. The vast industry of converting color images from black and white enables it to present even historical videos of the earlier period in a contemporary manner. In this paper, the segmentation based visual processing algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is designed to enhance resolution and clarity to a certain extent with multi-visual enhanced pixels. It also enhances the contrast, brightness and sharpness enhancement as it is much improved over the previous methods. This algorithm works on each image frame and enhances the overall visual function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The uterine torsion is one of the commonest encountered obstetrical ailments in bovine practice, thereby impending the postpartum performance and dairy economics. The lack of accurate diagnostic procedure for the degree and duration of torsion prevents the planning of appropriate treatment protocol. Furthermore, physical examination is not adequate in uterine torsion, therefore advanced diagnostic tools like ultrasonography could be a powerful tool to assess the prognosis of the clinical case. The usage of ultrasonography helps to detect uterine adhesions, degenerative changes in uterus and fetal fluid, fetal viability, further color Doppler ultrasound helps to know the uterine vascular perfusions. The advanced image analysis yields an unbiased interpretation of the sonogram. In the future, the combination of both greyscale ultrasounds with image analysis with the support of Doppler ultrasound may be used to predict the histological changes in the uterine wall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) have become the sensor of choice in many applications whenever high sensitivity, low noise, and sharp timing performance are required, simultaneously. Recently, SPADs designed in CMOS technology, have yielded moderately good performance in these parameters, but never equaling their counterparts fabricated in highly customized, non-standard technologies. The arguments in favor of CMOS-compatible SPADs were miniaturization, cost and scalability. In this paper, we present the first CMOS SPAD with performance comparable or better than that of the best custom SPADs, to date. The SPAD-based design, fully integrated in 180 nm CMOS technology, achieves a peak photon detection probability (PDP) of 55% at 480 nm with a very broad spectrum spanning from near ultraviolet (NUV) to near infrared (NIR) and a normalized dark count rate (DCR) of 0.2 cps/ $\mu$ m $^2$ , both at 6 V of excess bias. Thanks to a dedicated CMOS pixel circuit front-end, an afterpulsing probability of about 0.1% at a dead time of $\sim$ 3 ns were achieved. We designed three SPADs with a diameter of 25, 50, and 100 $\mu$ m to study the impact of size on the timing jitter and to create a scaling law for SPADs. For these SPADs, a single-photon time resolution (SPTR) of 12.1 ps, 16 ps, and 27 ps (FWHM) was achieved at 6 V of excess bias, respectively. The SPADs operate in a wide range of temperatures, from −65 $^{\circ }$ C to 40 $^{\circ }$ C, reaching a normalized DCR of 1.6 mcps/ $\mu$ m $^2$ at 6 V of excess bias for the 25 $\mu$ m at −65 $^{\circ }$ C. The proposed SPADs are ideal for a wide range of applications, including (quantum) LiDAR, super-resolution microscopy, quantum random number generators, quantum key distribution, fluorescence lifetime imaging, time-resolved Raman spectroscopy, to name a few. All these applications can take advantage of the vastly improved performance of our detectors, while enjoying the opportunities of megapixel resolutions promised by the economy of scale that is offered by CMOS technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the relationship between testicular hemodynamics and assisted analysis in pre-pubertal bucks at age of 4-6.5 months. Baladi bucks (n=5) weighting (13-15 kg) and aging (4 months) were examined once a week from week 16 till week 26 of age. Buck's body weight, scrotal circumference, testicular volume, mediastinum thickness, Doppler, and image analyses were evaluated. Both scrotal circumference and testicular volume were increased (P<0.05) especially in buck 4 followed by buck 2. Both testicular echogenicity (TE) and pixel heterogeneity (PH) showed an increase (P<0.05) in buck 4 then buck 2. Plexus colored area showed a pattern of an abruptly increase either toward or away from the probe (P<0.05) from week 23 of age without marked differences were shown between all buck testes. Both pulsatility (PI) and resistance indices (RI) showed a marked significant (P<0.05) decrease in buck 4 followed by buck 2 from week 23. In addition, testicular peak systolic velocity (PSV) showed a marked linear increase at week 23. There was a positive correlation between TE and PH and both indices. In conclusion, the assessment of testicular hemodynamics and assisted analysis has added a power to the pre-pubertal bucks' reproductive performance as both tools could help in breeding selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study detected water bodies which included ponds, lakes, rivers, canals, irrigation land, etc. from Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) and OLI (Operational Land Imager) data by Pixel Based Model (PBM) for the years 2000 to 2018 and identified the change in area of water body. Rajshahi Division of Bangladesh was selected as the study area for this case study. Landsat 5 data acquired in December 18th, 2000, January 12th, 2001, November 14th, 2005, January 26th, 2006, December 23rd, 2010, and December 14th, 2010 along with Landsat 8 data acquired in December 28th, 2015, January 6th, 2016, December 29th, 2018, and November 18th, 2018 were used as satellite imagery for this analysis. Two images of each month were taken to cover study area. The lowest and highest pixel value of the water body for each band was investigated. Then, a Pixel Based Model (PBM) was formed by using the entire Landsat band and run. The output of the model was shown as a binary image which includes water bodies and non-water bodies. The goal of this study is to verify the accuracy in finding common areas, accreted areas and abolished areas of the water bodies using the PBM model. The results show that overall accuracy of the model is 97% for the year 2000 with Kappa 0.94, 97% for the year 2005 with Kappa 0.94, 99% for the year 2010 with Kappa 0.98, 95% for the year 2015 and 2018 with Kappa 0.90. Also, it was observed that there have been significant changes in the water bodies during the chosen time periods.