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51. Stakeholders’ perspectives on clinical trial acceptability and approach to consent within a limited timeframe: a mixed methods study

Author

Matthew Peak, Michael Griksaitis, Clare Fowler, Simon Gates, Christopher Lamb, Elizabeth Deja, Rachel Agbeko, John Pappachan, Helen Parker, Jennifer Preston, Ahmed Osman, Paula Williamson, Paul S McNamara, David Armstrong, Tracy Moitt, Ramesh Kumar, John Alexander, Kevin P Morris, Roger Parslow, Steve Cunningham, Craig Knott, Chloe Donohue, Catrin Barker, Julie Richardson, Ashley Jones, Stephanie Clarke, Malcolm G Semple, Richard Levin, James Weitz, Natasha Roberts, Vanessa Compton, Kentigern Thorburn, PHILIP MILNER, Howard W Clark, Bessie Cipriano, Nosheen Khalid, Nicolene Plaatjies, Avishay Sarfatti, Mark Terris, Santosh Sundararajan, Edgar Brincat, Natasha Thorn, Ramiya Kirupananthan, Peter J Davis, Samantha Owen, Pavanasam Ramesh, Sarah Fox, Laura Price, Hannah Clarke, Charlotte Thompson, Wendy Browne, Christine Mackerness, Laura Rad, Grace Williamson, Simone Paulson, Laura O'Malley, Zoe Oliver, Evette Allen, Clare van Miert, Ashley Best, Jens Madsen, Anne Dawson, Colin Summers, Blessing Osaghae, Madhuri Panchal, Anthony Postle, Peter Jirasek, Dawn Jones, Michael Mander, Laura Rimmer, Paul C Ritson, Chris Simons, Afeda Mohamed Ali, Cara Alexander, Hannah Child, Natalie Milburn, Holly Parkin, Harriet Payne, Carly Tooke, Helen Winmill, Katherine Baptiste, Sophie Coles, Sarah-Jayne Eames, Christina Linton, Helen Marley, Sarah Mogan, Alvin Schadenberg, John Stiven, Rob Claydon, Anna Stancombe, Kate Teeley, Kathryn Reeves, Emily Scriven, Raghu N Ramaiah, Rekha Patel, Patrick E Davies, Lindsay Crate, Kirsten Beadon, Rachel McMinnis, Frances Sinfield, Hilary Callaghan, Vicki Linton, Jeremy Lyons, Clara Nelson, Tsz-YanMilly Lo, Jackie McCormick, Andrea Wood, Ross Marscheider, Stephen D Playfor, Bernadette C Gavin, Dave J Morgan, Lara T Bunni, Claire F Jennings, Rebecca Marshall, Emma K Riley, Lorena Caruana, Amber Cook, Tracey Curtis, Nichola Etherington, Jenni McCorkell, Christie Mellish, Jenny Pond, Catherine Postlethwaite, Nicola McClelland, Holly Minchin, Joanne Tomlinson, Simona Lampariello, Tara Murray, Olivia Nugent, Samantha Reed, Christa Ronan, and Salman Siddiqi

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Objectives The Bronchiolitis Endotracheal Surfactant Study (BESS) is a randomised controlled trial to determine the efficacy of endo-tracheal surfactant therapy for critically ill infants with bronchiolitis. To explore acceptability of BESS, including approach to consent within a limited time frame, we explored parent and staff experiences of trial involvement in the first two bronchiolitis seasons to inform subsequent trial conduct.Design A mixed-method embedded study involving a site staff survey, questionnaires and interviews with parents approached about BESS.Setting Fourteen UK paediatric intensive care units.Participants Of the 179 parents of children approached to take part in BESS, 75 parents (of 69 children) took part in the embedded study. Of these, 55/69 (78%) completed a questionnaire, and 15/69 (21%) were interviewed. Thirty-eight staff completed a questionnaire.Results Parents and staff found the trial acceptable. All constructs of the Adapted Theoretical Framework of Acceptability were met. Parents viewed surfactant as being low risk and hoped their child’s participation would help others in the future. Although parents supported research without prior consent in studies of time critical interventions, they believed there was sufficient time to consider this trial. Parents recommended that prospective informed consent should continue to be sought for BESS. Many felt that the time between the consent process and intervention being administered took too long and should be ‘streamlined’ to avoid delays in administration of trial interventions. Staff described how the training and trial processes worked well, yet patients were missed due to lack of staff to deliver the intervention, particularly at weekends.Conclusion Parents and staff supported BESS trial and highlighted aspects of the protocol, which should be refined, including a streamlined informed consent process. Findings will be useful to inform proportionate approaches to consent in future paediatric trials where there is a short timeframe for consent discussions.Trial registration number ISRCTN11746266.

Published
2024
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52. Measuring the success of programmes of care for people living with dementia: a protocol for consensus building with consumers to develop a set of Core Outcome Measures for Improving Care (COM-IC)

Author

Thomas Morris, Susan E Kurrle, Susanna Dodd, Paula Williamson, Leon Flicker, Len Gray, Osvaldo P Almeida, Tracy Comans, John Quinn, Kim Nguyen, Judy A Lowthian, Dominic Trépel, Alyssa Welch, Anna Kearney, Colm Cunningham, Jack Nunn, Danelle Kenny, Glenys Petrie, Tiet-Hanh Dao-Tran, and Asmita Manchha

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Introduction The Core Outcome Measures for Improving Care (COM-IC) project aims to deliver practical recommendations on the selection and implementation of a suite of core outcomes to measure the effectiveness of interventions for dementia care.Methods and analysis COM-IC embeds a participatory action approach to using the Alignment–Harmonisation–Results framework for measuring dementia care in Australia. Using this framework, suitable core outcome measures will be identified, analysed, implemented and audited. The methods for analysing each stage will be codesigned with stakeholders, through the conduit of a Stakeholder Reference Group including people living with dementia, formal and informal carers, aged care industry representatives, researchers, clinicians and policy actors. The codesigned evaluation methods consider two key factors: feasibility and acceptability. These considerations will be tested during a 6-month feasibility study embedded in aged care industry partner organisations.Ethics and dissemination COM-IC has received ethical approval from The University of Queensland (HREC 2021/HE001932). Results will be disseminated through networks established over the project, and in accordance with both the publication schedule and requests from the Stakeholder Reference Group. Full access to publications and reports will be made available through UQ eSpace (https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/), an open access repository hosted by The University of Queensland.

Published
2023
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53. Using behavioural science to enhance use of core outcome sets in trials: protocol [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]

Author

Molly Byrne, Mike Clarke, Ian J. Saldanha, Fiona Quirke, Jan Kottner, Jamie Kirkham, Paula Williamson, Katie Mellor, Valerie Smith, Karen Matvienko-Sikar, and Elaine Toomey

Subjects
Core outcome sets, trials, trial methodology, eng, Medicine
Abstract

Background Core outcome sets (COS) represent agreed-upon sets of outcomes, which are the minimum that should be measured and reported in all trials in specific health areas. Use of COS can reduce outcome heterogeneity, selective outcome reporting, and research waste, and can facilitate evidence syntheses. Despite benefits of using COS, current use of COS in trials is low. COS use can be understood as a behaviour, in that it is something trialists do, or not do, adequately. The aim of this study is to identify strategies, informed by behaviour change theory, to increase COS use in trials. Methods The project will be conducted in two stages, informed by the behaviour change wheel (BCW). The BCW is a theoretically based framework that can be used to classify, identify, and develop behaviour change strategies. In Stage 1, barriers and enablers to COS use will be extracted from published studies that examined trialist’s use of COS. Barriers and facilitators will be mapped to the components of COM-B model (capability, opportunity, and motivation), which forms part of the BCW framework. Stage 2 will build on Stage 1 findings to identify and select intervention functions and behaviour change techniques to enhance COS use in trials. Discussion The findings of this study will provide an understanding of the behavioural factors that influence COS use in trials and what strategies might be used to target these factors to increase COS use in trials.

Published
2023
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54. Using Balanced Scorecard for Sustainable Design-centered Manufacturing

Author

Yan-Rui Qu, Steve Hsueh-Ming Wang, Shu-Ping Chang, Benjamin H. Y. Koo, and Paula Williams

Subjects
Engineering, Balanced Scorecard, Process management, Balanced scorecard, business.industry, Social sustainability, Competitive advantage, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Structural equation modeling, Structural Equation Modeling, Weighting, Manufacturing data, Sustainable design-centered manufacturing, Artificial Intelligence, New product development, Sustainable design, Systems engineering, business
Abstract

Sustainable design-centered manufacturing (SDM) will create competitive advantages for future new product development. However, selecting and balancing the indicators for economic, environmental, and social sustainability is difficult. In this research, we define the major indicators of social sustainability for development of SDM and propose a Balanced Scorecard method to evaluate the weighting factors among the three pillars and the indicators used to assess each pillar. The algorithm for the analysis is based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). A case, using the manufacturing data for Polylactic Acid (PLA), is developed. The results can be adapted to evaluate the performance of outcomes for new product development utilizing SDM.

Published
2015
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55. Secondary Surgical Site Infection after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Multi-Institutional Prospective Cohort Study

Author

Brian C. Gulack, Katherine A. Kirkwood, Wei Shi, Peter K. Smith, John H. Alexander, Sandra G. Burks, Annetine C. Gelijns, Vinod H. Thourani, Daniel Bell, Ann Greenberg, Seth D. Goldfarb, Mary Lou Mayer, Michael E. Bowdish, Marissa A. Miller, Wendy C. Taddei-Peters, Dennis Buxton, Ron Caulder, Nancy L. Geller, David Gordon, Neal O. Jeffries, Albert Lee, Claudia S. Moy, Ilana Kogan Gombos, Jennifer Ralph, Timothy J. Gardner, Patrick T. O'Gara, Michael K. Parides, Deborah D. Ascheim, Alan J. Moskowitz, Ellen Moquete, Eric A. Rose, Melissa Chase, Yingchun Chen, Rosemarie Gagliardi, Lopa Gupta, Edlira Kumbarce, Ron Levitan, Karen O'Sullivan, Milerva Santos, Alan Weinberg, Paula Williams, Carrie Wood, Xia Ye, Eugene H. Blackstone, A. Marc Gillinov, Pamela Lackner, Leoma Berroteran, Diana Dolney, Suzanne Fleming, Roberta Palumbo, Christine Whitman, Kathy Sankovic, Denise Kosty Sweeney, Gregory Pattakos, Pamela A. Clarke, Michael Argenziano, Mathew Williams, Lyn Goldsmith, Craig R. Smith, Yoshifumi Naka, Allan Stewart, Allan Schwartz, Danielle Van Patten, Stacey Welsh, Carmelo A. Milano, Donald D. Glower, Joseph P. Mathew, J. Kevin Harrison, Mark F. Berry, Cyrus J. Parsa, Betty C. Tong, Judson B. Williams, T. Bruce Ferguson, Alan P. Kypson, Evelio Rodriguez, Malissa Harris, Brenda Akers, Allison O'Neal, John D. Puskas, Robert Guyton, Jefferson Baer, Kim Baio, Alexis A. Neill, Robert E. Michler, David A. D'Alessandro, Joseph J. DeRose, Daniel J. Goldstein, Ricardo Bello, William Jakobleff, Mario Garcia, Cynthia Taub, Daniel Spevak, Roger Swayze, Louis P. Perrault, Arsène-Joseph Basmadjian, Denis Bouchard, Michel Carrier, Raymond Cartier, Michel Pellerin, Jean François Tanguay, Ismael El-Hamamsy, André Denault, Jonathan Lacharité, Sophie Robichaud, Keith A. Horvath, Philip C. Corcoran, Michael P. Siegenthaler, Mandy Murphy, Margaret Iraola, Michael A. Acker, Y. Joseph Woo, Irving L. Kron, Gorav Ailawadi, Karen Johnston, John M. Dent, John Kern, Jessica Keim Sandra Burks, Kim Gahring, David A. Bull, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Dennis O. Dixon, Mark Haigney, Richard Holubkov, Alice Jacobs, Frank Miller, John M. Murkin, John Spertus, Andrew S. Wechsler, Frank Sellke, Cheryl L. McDonald, Robert Byington, Neal Dickert, John S. Ikonomidis, David O. Williams, Clyde W. Yancy, James C. Fang, Wayne Richenbacher, Vivek Rao, Karen L. Furie, Rachel Miller, Sean Pinney, William C. Roberts, Shirish Huprikar, and Marilyn Levi

Subjects
Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Patient Readmission, Risk Assessment, Article, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Interquartile range, medicine, Humans, Surgical Wound Infection, Saphenous Vein, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Coronary Artery Bypass, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Groin, business.industry, Incidence, Hazard ratio, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, United States, Confidence interval, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Surgery, Treatment Outcome, Editorial, surgical procedures, operative, medicine.anatomical_structure, Tissue and Organ Harvesting, Female, Erythrocyte Transfusion, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Complication, Body mass index, Artery
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To analyze patient risk factors and processes of care associated with secondary surgical site infection (SSI) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS: Data were collected prospectively between February and October 2010 for consenting adult patients undergoing CABG with saphenous vein graft (SVG) conduits. Patients who developed a deep or superficial SSI of the leg or groin within 65 days of CABG were compared to those who did not develop a secondary SSI. RESULTS: Among 2,174 patients identified, 65 (3.0%) developed a secondary SSI. Median time to diagnosis was 16 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 11 - 29) with the majority (86%) diagnosed after discharge. Gram-positive bacteria were most common. Readmission was more common in patients with a secondary SSI (34% vs 17%, p < 0.01). After adjustment, an open SVG harvest approach was associated with an increased risk of secondary SSI (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 2.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28, 3.48). Increased body mass index (BMI) (adjusted HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.12) and packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions (adjusted HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.22) were associated with a higher risk of secondary SSI. Antibiotic type, antibiotic duration, and post-operative hyperglycemia were not associated with risk of secondary SSI. CONCLUSIONS: Secondary SSI following CABG continues to be an important source of morbidity. This serious complication often occurs after discharge and is associated with open SVG harvesting, larger BMI, and blood transfusions. Patients with a secondary SSI have longer lengths of stay and are readmitted more frequently.

Published
2017

56. Supraventricular Tachycardia in Infancy and Childhood

Author

Paula Williams and Andrew D. Spearman

Subjects
Male, Tachycardia, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Irritability, Propranolol, Cardiac dysfunction, Shock (circulatory), Heart failure, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Tachycardia, Supraventricular, medicine, Palpitations, Humans, Supraventricular tachycardia, medicine.symptom, business, Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Pediatric population
Abstract

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is the most common arrhythmia in the pediatric population. Despite its commonality, presentation of SVT can be nonspecific and varies based upon age with infants demonstrating fussiness or irritability and older children reporting vague perceptions of tachycardia or palpitations. Furthermore, SVT may manifest as self-limited paroxysms or with prolonged runs of SVT with subsequent development of cardiac dysfunction, heart failure, and multiorgan shock. Clinicians must maintain high levels of suspicion for SVT given the potentially dire consequences of untreated SVT. When diagnosed, there are effective acute and chronic treatments for SVT, with potential for spontaneous resolution in many infants. [ Pediatr Ann . 2014;43(11):456–460.]

Published
2014
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57. Individualised variable-interval risk-based screening in diabetic retinopathy: the ISDR research programme including RCT

Author

Simon Harding, Ayesh Alshukri, Duncan Appelbe, Deborah Broadbent, Philip Burgess, Paula Byrne, Christopher Cheyne, Antonio Eleuteri, Anthony Fisher, Marta García-Fiñana, Mark Gabbay, Marilyn James, James Lathe, Tracy Moitt, Mehrdad Mobayen Rahni, John Roberts, Christopher Sampson, Daniel Seddon, Irene Stratton, Clare Thetford, Pilar Vazquez-Arango, Jiten Vora, Amu Wang, and Paula Williamson

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background Systematic annual screening for sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy is established in several countries but is resource intensive. Personalised (individualised) medicine offers the opportunity to extend screening intervals for people at low risk of progression and to target high-risk groups. However, significant concern exists among all stakeholders around the safety of changing programmes. Evidence to guide decisions is limited, with, to the best of our knowledge, no randomised controlled trials to date. Objectives To develop an individualised approach to screening for sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy and test its acceptability, safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness. To estimate the changing incidence of patient-centred outcomes. Design A risk calculation engine; a randomised controlled trial, including a within-trial cost-effectiveness study; a qualitative acceptability study; and an observational epidemiological cohort study were developed. A patient and public group was involved in design and interpretation. Setting A screening programme in an English health district of around 450,000 people. Participants People with diabetes aged ≥ 12 years registered with primary care practices in Liverpool. Interventions The risk calculation engine estimated each participant’s risk at each visit of progression to screen-positive diabetic retinopathy (individualised intervention group) and allocated their next appointment at 6, 12 or 24 months (high, medium or low risk, respectively). Main outcome measures The randomised controlled trial primary outcome was attendance at first follow-up assessing the safety of individualised compared with usual screening. Secondary outcomes were overall attendance, rates of screen-positive and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy, and measures of visual impairment. Cost-effectiveness outcomes were cost/quality-adjusted life year and incremental cost savings. Cohort study outcomes were rates of screen-positive diabetic retinopathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy. Data sources Local screening programme (retinopathy), primary care (demographic, clinical) and hospital outcomes. Methods A seven-person patient and public involvement group was recruited. Data were linked into a purpose-built dynamic data warehouse. In the risk assessment, the risk calculation engine used patient-embedded covariate data, a continuous Markov model, 5-year historical local population data, and most recent individual demographic, retina and clinical data to predict risk of future progression to screen-positive. The randomised controlled trial was a masked, two-arm, parallel assignment, equivalence randomised controlled trial, with an independent trials unit and 1 : 1 allocation to individualised screening (6, 12 or 24 months, determined by risk calculation engine at each visit) or annual screening (control). Cost-effectiveness was assessed using a within-trial analysis over a 2-year time horizon, including NHS and societal perspectives and costs directly observed within the randomised controlled trial. Acceptability was assessed by purposive sampling of 60 people with diabetes and 21 healthcare professionals with semistructured interviews analysed thematically; this was a constant comparative method until saturation. The cohort was an 11-year retrospective/prospective screening population data set. Results In the randomised controlled trial, 4534 participants were randomised: 2097 out of 2265 in the individualised arm (92.6%) and 2224 out of 2269 in the control arm (98.0%) remained after withdrawals. Attendance rates at first follow-up were equivalent (individualised 83.6%, control 84.7%) (difference –1.0%, 95% confidence interval –3.2% to 1.2%). Sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy detection rates were non-inferior: individualised 1.4%, control 1.7% (difference –0.3%, 95% confidence interval –1.1% to 0.5%). In the cost-effectiveness analysis, the mean differences in complete-case quality-adjusted life years (EuroQol-5 Dimensions, five-level version, and Health Utilities Index Mark 3) did not significantly differ from zero. Incremental cost savings per person not including treatment costs were from the NHS perspective £17.34 (confidence interval £17.02 to £17.67) and the societal perspective £23.11 (confidence interval £22.73 to £23.53). In the individualised arm, 43.2% fewer screening appointments were required. In terms of acceptability, changing to variable intervals was acceptable for the majority of people with diabetes and health-care professionals. Annual screening was perceived as unsustainable and an inefficient use of resources. Many people with diabetes and healthcare professionals expressed concerns that 2-year screening intervals may detect referable eye disease too late and might have a negative effect on perceptions about the importance of attendance and diabetes care. The 6-month interval was perceived positively. Among people with dementia, there was considerable misunderstanding about eye-related appointments and care. In the cohort study, the numbers of participants (total 28,384) rose over the 11 years (2006/7, n = 6637; 2016/17, n = 14,864). Annual incidences ranged as follows: screen-positive 4.4–10.6%, due to diabetic retinopathy 2.3–4.6% and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy 1.3–2.2%. The proportions of screen-positive fell steadily but sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy rates remained stable. Limitations Our findings apply to a single city-wide established English screening programme of mostly white people with diabetes. The cost-effectiveness analysis was over a short timeline for a long-standing disease; the study, however, was designed to test the safety and effectiveness of the screening regimen, not the cost-effectiveness of screening compared with no screening. Cohort data collection was partly retrospective: data were unavailable on people who had developed sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy or died prior to 2013. Conclusions Our randomised controlled trial can reassure stakeholders involved in diabetes care that extended intervals and personalised screening is feasible, where data linkage is possible, and can be safely introduced in established screening programmes with potential cost savings compared with annual screening. Rates of screen-positive diabetic retinopathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy are low and show consistent falls over time. Involvement of patients in research is crucial to success. Future work Future work could include external validation with other programmes followed by scale-up of individualised screening outside a research setting and economic modelling beyond the 2-year time horizon. Trial registration This trial is registered as ISRCTN87561257. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full in Programme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 11, No. 6. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. Plain language summary Diabetic retinopathy remains a leading cause of vision loss for people with diabetes. Annual photographic screening allows early detection and prompt treatment in many countries. A new approach is to vary how often this is undertaken at each visit, after calculating each person’s risk of progression; we have called this ‘individualised’ screening. We tested this variable-interval risk-based approach against annual screening in a randomised controlled trial of 4534 people in Liverpool. Six-, 12- or 24-month intervals represented high, medium and low risks, respectively, of becoming screen-positive by the next appointment. With our patient and public involvement group, we designed a computer-based risk-calculation system using personal information from screening, general practitioners and hospitals. Attendance rates at the next screening appointment were similar in the individualised (84%) and annual (control) (85%) groups. Similar amounts of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy were detected in the two arms (1.4% individualised, 1.7% control), with 43% fewer visits. In this study in a single geographical region, savings estimated to accrue to the NHS per person over 2 years were £17.34 and £23.11 for wider society, but estimates did not include treatment costs. During interviews, 60 people with diabetes and 21 healthcare professionals said that individualised screening would be acceptable because of increasing rates of diabetes and the chance to target high-risk people. Patients had anxieties about the reliability of the risk-calculation and restricting access, requesting opportunities for earlier screening if risks changed. Varying screening intervals based on a person’s own risk of progression appears feasible and safe. Low-risk people would be spared unnecessary appointments. Introducing an individualised approach could now move to wider testing and validation in other UK and international settings. The trial only ran for 2 years and was in a long-established programme with low rates of disease, so monitoring of attendance and retinopathy rates should be included as part of wider testing. Scientific summary Background Diabetic retinopathy remains the most common cause of visual impairment in working populations worldwide. Systematic annual screening to detect and treat sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) is established in several countries including the United Kingdom (UK) and has greatly improved the detection of treatable disease. With the rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes, new approaches to screening are required. Risk stratification, personalised (individualised) medicine, and clinical bioinformatics offer opportunities to extend the screening interval for people at low risk of progression and to target those at high risk. However there is significant concern among people with diabetes, healthcare professionals and health commissioners in the UK around the safety and acceptability of changing an established and successful programme. To ensure that health care is available for all it is imperative that it is not only efficacious but cost-efficient, that is, it delivers care at an affordable cost for commissioners. Evidence to guide these decisions is very limited and there are no randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Much of the data on prevalence and incidence of diabetic retinopathy and progression to more severe stages of disease come from the 1980s to 1990s and before the introduction of systematic screening and improvements in diabetes and blood pressure control. Data on the current progression rates in screening populations are limited and are reported variably. We conducted a programme of quantitative and qualitative research to develop and test the acceptability, safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an individualised approach to screening for STDR. To provide data for future planning of early detection programmes and the design of future research studies we designed a longitudinal observational cohort study of the population of people with diabetes in Liverpool. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and incidence of the stages in the natural history of diabetic retinopathy, namely screen-positive, sight-threatening and treatable disease, and visual impairment, all key patient-centred outcomes in the disease. Changes to the programme and their implications A number of changes to the programme occurred in the early years. A systematic review was published at around the time of the programme start. We used these data to design aspects of the study and conducted a literature review instead. Data for the cohort study proved not to be available on people who had died prior to programme start. We adopted a mixed retrospective and prospective analysis but this added some difficulty in interpreting the findings. In 2016 resources were repurposed from the cohort study to support recruitment of the RCT, which was behind schedule. The scope of the cohort study was narrowed to focus only on the data available from the screening programme, meaning that we were unable to complete data collection on the patient-centred outcomes after sight-threatening retinopathy had been confirmed, namely treatment and visual impairment. Recruitment of non-attenders proved beyond the resources available and was abandoned. Further research is needed to address these unanswered questions. Methods The programme included the development of a bespoke data warehouse, the development of a risk-calculation engine, a RCT, a within-trial cost-effectiveness study, a qualitative study of acceptability, and an observational cohort study. We recruited and fully embedded a seven-person patient and public involvement group which was maintained throughout the programme. The setting was the screening programme of a single English health district (clinical commissioning group). All people with diabetes aged 12 years and over registered with general practices in the Liverpool city area were invited by letter to participate in the research programme. Consent was through an opt-out process. A purpose-built dynamic data warehouse was developed to support all aspects of the programme including bespoke processes addressing inconsistency in routinely collected data, multiple data platforms and lack of technical manuals. Data on eligible participants were sourced from primary care (demographic, clinical), Liverpool Diabetes Eye Screening Programme (retinopathy) and hospital outcomes (true screen-positive, STDR). Data were cross referenced against opt-out records before further use within the programme. A risk-calculation engine was developed for the assessment of individual risk of progressing to screen-positive using patient-focused covariate selection, a continuous-time Markov model, 5-year historical local population data, and the most recent individual demographic, retina and clinical data. The risk-calculation engine was linked to the data warehouse. The Patient and Public Involvement group determined the risk criterion of

Published
2023
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58. Current trends, barriers, and facilitators of use of core outcome sets in Cochrane systematic reviews: Protocol [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]

Author

Jamie Kirkham, Paula Williamson, Samuel Lucas, Karen Hughes, Toby Lasserson, Ian Saldanha, and Susanna Dodd

Subjects
core outcome sets, systematic reviews, Cochrane, outcome choice, barriers, facilitators, eng, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Background: Core outcome sets (COS) represent agreed-upon minimum outcomes that should be reported in all studies in a given topic area. Cochrane reviews are considered among the most rigorously conducted systematic reviews (SRs). In 2019, seven of the first 100 published Cochrane SRs (7%) cited a COS in relation to choosing outcomes. A relevant COS existed but was not mentioned (or cited) for 27 of the remaining 93 SRs (29%). Among Cochrane Review Group editors surveyed in 2019, 86% felt that COS should definitely/possibly be used in Cochrane SRs. As of September 2019, the Cochrane Handbook recommends that SR teams consult resources that host relevant COS when choosing outcomes for the SR. Objectives: (1) Examine the extent to which authors are currently considering COS to inform outcome choice in Cochrane protocols and completed SRs. (2) Understand author barriers and facilitators of using COS in Cochrane protocols and completed SRs. Methods: We will examine the extent to which all Cochrane SRs published in the last 3 months of 2022 and all Cochrane protocols published in 2022: (a) cited a COS, (b) searched for COS, and (c) reported outcome inconsistency among included studies and/or noted the need for COS. One investigator will extract information from SRs and protocols; a second extractor will verify all information, discussing discrepancies to achieve consensus. Using Jisc Online Surveys®, we will conduct an online survey of authors of all the included completed SRs and protocols to assess author awareness of COS and identify barriers and facilitators of using COS to inform outcome choice. Discussion: This study will provide key information regarding uptake of COS by Cochrane SR authors and the barriers and facilitators that they experience. Our findings will inform approaches to increasing awareness and uptake of COS in future SRs, both within and beyond Cochrane.

Published
2023
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59. Finding Samuel Lowe : China, Jamaica, Harlem

Author

Paula Williams Madison and Paula Williams Madison

Subjects
Autobiographies, Racially mixed people--Race identity--United S, Racially mixed people--United States--Biograph, African American women--Race identity, Hakka (Chinese people)--Jamaica
Abstract

“Told through an intimate family portrait... a moving account of a vivid historic migration; an unyielding and dogged journey of the human spirit.” —Walter Mosley, New York Times–bestselling authorNow an award–winning film directed by Jeanette KongThis powerful debut tells the story of Paula Williams Madison's Chinese grandfather, Samuel Lowe. He became romantically involved with a Jamaican woman, Paula's grandmother, and they lived together modestly with their daughter in his Kingston dry goods store. In 1920 his Chinese soon-to-be wife arrived to set up a “proper” family. When he requested to take his three-year-old daughter with him, Paula's jealous grandmother made sure that Lowe never saw his child again. That began an almost one-hundred-year break in their family.Years later, the arrival of her only grandchild raising questions about family and legacy, Paula decided to search for Samuel Lowe's descendants in China. With Finding Samuel Lowe, Paula has produced an emotional memoir that travels from Toronto to Jamaica to China. Using old documents, digital records, and referrals from the insular and interrelated Chinese-Jamaican community, she found three hundred long-lost relatives in Shenzhen and Guangzhou, China. She even located documented family lineage that traces back three thousand years to 1006 BC. Her wonderfully warm elders, all born in Jamaica and raised in China, shared the history and accomplishments of the Lowes in the East and the West, as well as the hardships and persecution suffered by her capitalist grandfather during the Communist era and the Cultural Revolution.Documented in Finding Samuel Lowe, Paula's remarkable journey “will produce more OMG moments than any prime-time drama on cable or Netflix could ever hope to elicit” (Essence).

Published
2015

60. Prognostic impact of the addition of peak oxygen consumption to the Seattle Heart Failure Model in a transplant referral population

Author

Jennifer Haythe, Paula Williams, Todd F. Dardas, Wayne C. Levy, Keith D. Aaronson, and Donna Mancini

Subjects
Adult, Male, Washington, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Severity of Illness Index, Cohort Studies, Oxygen Consumption, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, medicine, Humans, education, Referral and Consultation, Survival rate, Heart Failure, Heart transplantation, Transplantation, education.field_of_study, Models, Statistical, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Surgery, Survival Rate, Heart failure, Predictive value of tests, Multivariate Analysis, Cardiology, Heart Transplantation, Female, Heart-Assist Devices, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

In this study we investigated whether the addition of peak oxygen consumption (VO(2)) improves the predictive accuracy of the Seattle Heart Failure Model (SHFM). The SHFM is a validated multivariate risk model that uses NYHA classification to assess functional capacity rather than peak oxygen consumption (VO(2)).Outpatients (n = 1,240) evaluated for transplant at three centers had their SHFM score calculated and peak VO(2) measured. The outcomes assessed were death/LVAD/urgent transplant with censoring at the time of elective transplant.Over the course of 4.0 (mean) years of observation, there were 571 events. Both the SHFM score (χ(2) = 227) and peak VO(2) (χ(2) = 88, both p0.0001) were highly predictive of outcomes. The SHFM and peak VO(2) were modestly correlated (r = 0.39, p0.0001). In a multivariate Cox model, peak VO(2) added to the SHFM with a hazard ratio of 0.949 (p0.0001) for each 1-ml/kg/min increase. Peak VO(2) improved both the net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination index (both p ≤ 0.0002). Peak VO(2) provided additive prognostic information within each SHFM score (p0.05). The 1-year areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve were obtained for peak VO(2) (0.645, 95% CI 0.606 to 0.684), SHFM (0.758, 95% CI 0.721 to 0.795) and SHFM with peak VO(2) (0.766, 95% CI 0.731 to 0.802). The SHFM-predicted vs actual survival free of LVAD/UNOS Status 1 transplant at 1 year (86% vs 83%) and 4 years (63% vs 63%) were similar.The multivariate SHFM is a powerful predictor of death/LVAD/urgent transplant. Peak VO(2) adds prognostic information across the spectrum of the SHFM, but changes in decision regarding transplant listing occur mainly in moderate-risk patients.

Published
2012
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61. Characterisation of asthma that develops during adolescence; findings from the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort

Author

Sharon Matthews, Graham Roberts, Paula Williams, Susan Ewart, Ramesh Kurukulaaratchy, Martha Scott, Abid Raza, and S. Hasan Arshad

Subjects
Hypersensitivity, Immediate, Male, Cohort Studies, Atopy, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, immune system diseases, Bronchodilator, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Age of Onset, Child, Rhinitis, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, Age Factors, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Health Services, Bronchial hyper-responsiveness, Adolescence, 3. Good health, Paracetamol, England, Female, Bronchial Hyperreactivity, Cohort study, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Spirometry, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.drug_class, Population, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, FEV1/FVC ratio, Internal medicine, Humans, education, Acetaminophen, Asthma, business.industry, Sputum, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, 030228 respiratory system, Immunology, Quality of Life, Respiratory Mechanics, Age of onset, business
Abstract

Summary Background Understanding of adolescent-onset asthma remains limited. We sought to characterise this state and identify associated factors within a longitudinal birth cohort study. Methods The Isle of Wight Whole Population Birth Cohort was recruited in 1989 ( N =1456) and characterised at 1, 2, 4, 10 and 18-years. "Adolescent-onset asthma" was defined as asthma at age 18 without prior history of asthma, "persistent-adolescent asthma" as asthma at both 10 and 18 and "never-asthma" as those without asthma at any assessment. Results Adolescent-onset asthma accounted for 28.3% of asthma at 18-years and was of similar severity to persistent-adolescent asthma. Adolescent-onset asthmatics showed elevated bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) and atopy at 10 and 18 years. BHR in this group at 10 was intermediate to that of never-asthmatics and persistent-adolescent asthma. By 18 their BHR, bronchodilator reversibility and sputum eosinophilia was greater than never-asthmatics and comparable to persistent-adolescent asthma. At 10, males who later developed adolescent-onset asthma had reduced FEV 1 and FEF 25–75 , while females had normal lung function but then developed impaired FEV 1 and FEF 25–75 in parallel with adolescent asthma. Factors independently associated with adolescent-onset asthma included atopy at 10 (OR=2.35; 95% CI=1.08–5.09), BHR at 10 (3.42; 1.55–7.59), rhinitis at 10 (2.35; 1.11–5.01) and paracetamol use at 18-years (1.10; 1.01–1.19). Conclusions Adolescent-onset asthma is associated with significant morbidity. Predisposing factors are atopy, rhinitis and BHR at age 10 while adolescent paracetamol use is also associated with this state. Awareness of potentially modifiable influences may offer avenues for mitigating this disease state.

Published
2012
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62. Selecting patients for heart transplantation: Comparison of the Heart Failure Survival Score (HFSS) and the Seattle Heart Failure Model (SHFM)

Author

Paula Williams, Donna Mancini, Lars Lund, and Ayumi Goda

Subjects
Male, Washington, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, medicine.medical_treatment, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, Retrospective Studies, Heart Failure, Heart transplantation, Transplantation, HFSS, business.industry, Patient Selection, Reproducibility of Results, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Survival Rate, Ventricular assist device, Heart failure, Risk stratification, Cardiology, Heart Transplantation, Female, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

The Heart Failure Survival Score (HFSS) risk-stratifies patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) referred for heart transplantation using 7 parameters, including peak VO₂. The Seattle Heart Failure Model (SHFM) is a 20-variable model that combines clinical, laboratory and therapeutic data. Although both models have excellent accuracy, only the HFSS was derived and validated in patients referred for transplantation, and the HFSS and SHFM have not been directly compared.We tested the accuracy of the SHFM and compared the HFSS and SHFM in 715 patients referred for heart transplantation.Over a follow-up of 962 ± 912 days, 354 patients died or received an urgent heart transplantation or a ventricular assist device. One-year event-free survival was 89%, 72% and 60%, respectively, for the low-, medium- and high-risk HFSS strata, and 93%, 76%, and 58%, respectively, for the low-, medium- and high-risk SHFM strata. The HFSS and SHFM were modestly correlated (R = -0.48, p0.001). In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, areas under the curves (AUCs) for the HFSS and SHFM were comparable (1 year: 0.72 vs 0.73; 2-year: 0.70 vs 0.74, respectively) and incremental to New York Heart Association class. The 1- and 2-year combined HFSS+SHFM AUCs were 0.77 and 0.76, respectively, significantly better than the HFSS or SHFM alone.The HFSS and SHFM provide accurate and comparable risk stratification in CHF patients referred for transplantation. Combining the HFSS and SHFM improves predictive ability.

Published
2011
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63. Biatrial maze procedure versus pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation during mitral valve surgery: New analytical approaches and end points

Author

Eugene H. Blackstone, Helena L. Chang, Jeevanantham Rajeswaran, Michael K. Parides, Hemant Ishwaran, Liang Li, John Ehrlinger, Annetine C. Gelijns, Alan J. Moskowitz, Michael Argenziano, Joseph J. DeRose, Jean-Phillipe Couderc, Dan Balda, François Dagenais, Michael J. Mack, Gorav Ailawadi, Peter K. Smith, Michael A. Acker, Patrick T. O'Gara, A. Marc Gillinov, Marissa A. Miller, Wendy C. Taddei-Peters, Dennis Buxton, Amy Connolly, Nancy L. Geller, David Gordon, Neal O. Jeffries, Albert Lee, Claudia S. Moy, Ilana Kogan Gombos, Jennifer Ralph, Richard Weisel, Timothy J. Gardner, Eric A. Rose, Deborah D. Ascheim, Emilia Bagiella, Ellen Moquete, Helena Chang, Melissa Chase, Seth Goldfarb, Lopa Gupta, Katherine Kirkwood, Edlira Kumbarce, Ron Levitan, Karen O'Sullivan, Jessica Overbey, Milerva Santos, Michael Weglinski, Paula Williams, Carrie Wood, Xia Ye, Michael Mack, Tracine Adame, Natalie Settele, Jenny Adams, William Ryan, Robert L. Smith, Paul Grayburn, Frederick Y. Chen, Anju Nohria, Lawrence Cohn, Prem Shekar, Sary Aranki, Gregory Couper, Michael Davidson, R. Morton Bolman, Anne Burgess, Debra Conboy, Ray Blackwell, Roger Kerzner, Michael Banbury, Andrea M. Squire, Bruce Lytle, Tomislav Mihaljevic, Pamela Lackner, Leoma Berroteran, Diana Dolney, Suzanne Fleming, Roberta Palumbo, Christine Whitman, Kathy Sankovic, Denise Kosty Sweeney, Gregory Pattakos, Mathew Williams, Lyn Goldsmith, Craig R. Smith, Yoshifumi Naka, Allan Stewart, Allan Schwartz, Daniel Bell, Danielle Van Patten, Sowmya Sreekanth, John H. Alexander, Carmelo A. Milano, Donald D. Glower, Joseph P. Mathew, J. Kevin Harrison, Stacey Welsh, T. Bruce Ferguson, Alan P. Kypson, Evelio Rodriguez, Malissa Harris, Brenda Akers, Allison O'Neal, John D. Puskas, Vinod H. Thourani, Robert Guyton, Jefferson Baer, Kim Baio, Alexis A. Neill, Pierre Voisine, Mario Senechal, Kim O'Connor, Gladys Dussault, Tatiana Ballivian, Suzanne Keilani, Robert E. Michler, David A. D'Alessandro, Daniel J. Goldstein, Ricardo Bello, William Jakobleff, Mario Garcia, Cynthia Taub, Daniel Spevack, Roger Swayze, Nadia Sookraj, Louis P. Perrault, Arsène-Joseph Basmadjian, Denis Bouchard, Michel Carrier, Raymond Cartier, Michel Pellerin, Jean François Tanguay, Ismael El-Hamamsy, André Denault, Jonathan Lacharité, Sophie Robichaud, David H. Adams, Robin Varghese, Yael Mandel-Portnoy, Keith A. Horvath, Philip C. Corcoran, Michael P. Siegenthaler, Mandy Murphy, Margaret Iraola, Ann Greenberg, Chittoor Sai-Sudhakar, Ayseha Hasan, Asia McDavid, Bradley Kinn, John C. Mullen, Jonathan Choy, Steven Meyer, Emily Kuurstra, James S. Gammie, Christopher R. DeFilippi, Dino T. Gaetani, Cindi A. Young, Dana Beach, Julia Collins, Steven F. Bolling, Francis D. Pagani, Cathie Bloem, Y. Joseph Woo, Mary Lou Mayer, Joseph E. Bavaria, Wilson Y. Szeto, Kenneth Margulies, Martin Keane, Helene Glassberg, Dinesh Jagasia, James Kirkpatrick, Irving L. Kron, Karen Johnston, John M. Dent, John Kern, Jessica Keim, Sandra Burks, Kim Gahring, Abeel Mangi, Joseph Akar, David Yuh, Lynn Wilson, David A. Bull, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Dennis O. Dixon, Mark Haigney, Richard Holubkov, Alice Jacobs, Frank Miller, John M. Murkin, John Spertus, Andrew S. Wechsler, Frank Sellke, Cheryl L. McDonald, Robert Byington, Neal Dickert, John S. Ikonomidis, David O. Williams, Clyde W. Yancy, John M. Canty, James C. Fang, Nadia Giannetti, Wayne Richenbacher, Vivek Rao, Karen L. Furie, Rachel Miller, Sean Pinney, William C. Roberts, Mary N. Walsh, Judy Hung, Xin Zeng, Jean-Philippe Couderc, Wayne Bowen, Mauri Wilson, and Anne Schering

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Atrial fibrillation, Odds ratio, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Ablation, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, Confirmatory trial, Pulmonary vein, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030228 respiratory system, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, Surgery, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Atrial tachycardia, Atrial flutter
Abstract

Objective To use novel statistical methods for analyzing the effect of lesion set on (long-standing) persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) in the Cardiothoracic Surgical Trials Network trial of surgical ablation during mitral valve surgery (MVS). Methods Two hundred sixty such patients were randomized to MVS + surgical ablation or MVS alone. Ablation was randomized between pulmonary vein isolation and biatrial maze. During 12 months postsurgery, 228 patients (88%) submitted 7949 transtelephonic monitoring (TTM) recordings, analyzed for AF, atrial flutter (AFL), or atrial tachycardia (AT). As previously reported, more ablation than MVS-alone patients were free of AF or AF/AFL at 6 and 12 months (63% vs 29%; P Results Estimated freedom from AF/AFL/AT on any transmission trended higher after biatrial maze than pulmonary vein isolation (odds ratio, 2.31; 95% confidence interval, 0.95-5.65; P = .07) 3 to 12 months postsurgery; estimated AF/AFL/AT load (ie, proportion of TTM strips recording AF/AFL/AT) was similar (odds ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-1.43; P = .6). Within 12 months, estimated prevalence of AF/AFL/AT by TTM was 58% after MVS alone, and 36% versus 23% after pulmonary vein isolation versus biatrial maze (P Conclusions Statistical modeling using TTM recordings after MVS in patients with (long-standing) persistent AF suggests that a biatrial maze is associated with lower AF/AFL/AT prevalence, but not a lower load, compared with pulmonary vein isolation. The discrepancy between AF/AFL/AT prevalence assessed at 2 time points by Holter monitoring versus weekly TTM suggests the need for a confirmatory trial, reassessment of definitions for failure after ablation, and validation of statistical methods for assessing atrial rhythms longitudinally.

Published
2019
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64. Peak Cardiac Power Measured Noninvasively With a Bioreactance Technique Is a Predictor of Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure

Author

Hannah Rosenblum, Mathew S. Maurer, Daniel Burkhoff, Donna M. Mancini, Paula Williams, Sergio Teruya, Stephen Helmke, and Margaret Jones

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiac output, Ejection fraction, business.industry, Adverse outcomes, Emergency Nursing, medicine.disease, Cumulative survival, Blood pressure, Heart failure, Internal medicine, Emergency Medicine, medicine, Cardiology, In patient, Bicycle ergometer, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

Peak oxygen consumption (VO(2) ) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a powerful predictor of survival, providing an indirect assessment of cardiac output (CO). Noninvasive indices of CO derived from bioreactance methodology would add significantly to peak VO(2) as a means of risk-stratifying patients with heart failure. In this study, 127 patients (53 ± 14 years of age, 66% male) with heart failure and an average ejection fraction of 31% ± 15% underwent symptom-limited CPET using a bicycle ergometer while measuring CO noninvasively by a bioreactance technique. Peak cardiac power was derived from the product of the peak mean arterial blood pressure and CO divided by 451. Follow-up averaged 404 ± 179 days (median, 366 days) to assess endpoints including death (n=3), heart transplant (n=10), or left ventricular assisted device implantation (n=2). Peak VO(2) and peak power had similar areas under the curve (0.77 and 0.76), which increased to 0.83 when combined. Kaplan-Meier cumulative survival curves demonstrated different outcomes in the subgroup with a VO(2)

Published
2010
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65. Forgetting Freshwater: Technology, Values, and Distancing in Remote Arctic Communities

Author

Andrew Kliskey, Paula Williams, and Lilian Alessa

Subjects
Forgetting, Sociology and Political Science, Distancing, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Environmental resource management, Vulnerability, Water supply, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Development, Modernization theory, Geography, Arctic, Psychological resilience, business, Recreation, media_common
Abstract

Technology is often touted as a collective solution to environmental problems. However, what if technology results in trade-offs in long-term resilience that ultimately pose a critical vulnerability for society? In this study, we examine the change in values of freshwater from traditional to convenience-oriented values in remote, resource-dependent communities that are in the process of modernization. Individuals living in remote resource-dependent communities in Alaska were interviewed and asked a series of questions concerning their values toward freshwater and the importance of those values. As age of the individual decreased, traditional-subsistence values of water diminished, and both convenience and recreational values of water increased. Individuals from communities without municipal water systems expressed greater traditional-subsistence values and less convenience-oriented values than individuals from communities with municipal water systems. The data presented suggest that as communities increas...

Published
2010
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66. Usefulness of Non-Invasive Measurement of Cardiac Output During Sub-Maximal Exercise to Predict Outcome in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

Author

Donna Mancini, Mary Jane Farr, Paula Williams, Chim C. Lang, Margaret Jones, and Ayumi Goda

Subjects
Adult, Male, Cardiac output, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Physical exercise, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, Cohort Studies, Oxygen Consumption, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Confidence Intervals, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Cardiac Output, education, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Heart Failure, Heart transplantation, education.field_of_study, Exercise Tolerance, Ejection fraction, business.industry, Hazard ratio, VO2 max, Blood Pressure Determination, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Respiratory Function Tests, Heart failure, Chronic Disease, Exercise Test, Cardiology, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Peak oxygen consumption (Vo(2)) is a powerful prognostic predictor of survival in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) because it provides an indirect assessment of a patient's ability to increase cardiac output (CO). However, many patients with CHF who undergo cardiopulmonary exercise testing are unable to perform maximal exercise. New metabolic carts coupled with the inert gas rebreathing technique provide a noninvasive measurement of CO. Whether the noninvasive measurement of CO at a fixed submaximal workload can predict outcome is unknown. This study's population comprised 259 patients (mean age 54 +/- 14 years, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 27 +/- 14%) with CHF who underwent symptom-limited incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Vo(2) and CO were measured at rest, at 25 W, and at peak exercise. Submaximal exercise was defined as80% peak Vo(2). Among 259 patients, 145 had Vo(2) at 25 W80% of peak. Vo(2) at 25 W averaged 9.3 +/- 1.8 ml/kg/min. This Vo(2) represented 62 +/- 11% of peak Vo(2), which averaged 15.4 +/- 4.4 ml/kg/min. Prospective follow-up averaged 521 +/- 337 days. In this cohort, there were 15 outcome events (death, urgent heart transplantation, or implantation of a left ventricular assist device as a bridge to transplantation). On univariate Cox hazard analysis, CO at 25 W (hazard ratio 0.64, 95% confidence interval 0.48 to 0.84, p = 0.002) was found to be significant predictor of events of outcome. In conclusion, CO at 25 W measured noninvasively during submaximal exercise may have potential value as a predictor of outcomes in patients with CHF.

Published
2009
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67. Perception of change in freshwater in remote resource-dependent Arctic communities

Author

Andrew Kliskey, C. Michael Barton, Paula Williams, and Lilian Alessa

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, Resource (biology), genetic structures, Ecology, Environmental change, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, Environmental resource management, Extended family, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Natural resource, Geography, Perception, sense organs, Psychological resilience, Traditional knowledge, skin and connective tissue diseases, business, Empirical evidence, Socioeconomics, media_common
Abstract

This paper provides empirical evidence to support existing anecdotal studies regarding the mechanisms by which human communities become vulnerable to rapid changes in freshwater resources on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. We interviewed adults, stratified by age, sex, and extended family, in Inupiat communities on the Seward Peninsula. Using categorical indices as part of a semi-structured interview we elicited a respondent's perception of the availability and quality of freshwater resources in their community as well as their perception of change in the availability and quality of freshwater during the period of their lifetime in that community. Significant relationships were observed between age groups for the perception of change in the availability of the local water source and the perception of change in its quality—older generations perceiving more change than younger age groups. These perceptions of change were examined with respect to recent historic changes in precipitation and temperature on the Seward Peninsula. These findings suggest that individual perceptions are instrumental in determining whether or not change merits response. The findings also provide evidence that oral traditional knowledge systems have shifted from continuous to discontinuous transmission, distancing the users from traditional resources. We discuss the role of collective knowledge, through the transmission of knowledge from elders to subsequent generations, in aiding the development of a community's ability to note and respond to changes in critical natural resources.

Published
2008
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68. The distancing effect of modernization on the perception of water resources in Arctic communities

Author

Lilian Alessa, Paula Williams, and Andrew Kliskey

Subjects
Resource (biology), business.industry, Distancing, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, Environmental resource management, Water supply, Modernization theory, Natural resource, Water resources, Conceptual model, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, business, Empirical evidence, media_common
Abstract

This paper provides empirical evidence to suggest that modernization, and its resulting infrastructure, creates a filter which distances people from the resources they use. The data presented suggest that installation of a municipal water supply, piped water to residences, affects a community's ability to perceive change in surrounding water sources. Since individual perceptions and values are instrumental in determining whether or not change merits response, failing to perceive change threatens a community's ability to note and respond to variations in critical natural resources. A conceptual model for the effect of distancing from a resource is proposed.

Published
2007
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69. Tachycardia in the Neonate

Author

Joyce Woo, Leslie Caldarelli, Paula Williams, and Owais Khan

Subjects
Tachycardia, Digoxin, medicine.medical_specialty, Electric Countershock, Gestational Age, Electrocardiography, Pregnancy, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Internal medicine, Hydrops fetalis, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, Fetus, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Gestational age, medicine.disease, Propranolol, Atrial Flutter, Echocardiography, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Atrial flutter, medicine.drug
Abstract

Atrial flutter (AFL) is the second most common type of tachyarrhythmia in the fetus and neonate. An atrial rate of 240 to 360 beats per minute, 2:1 atrioventricular conduction, and a “saw tooth” appearance on electrocardiogram (ECG) are characteristic. On echocardiogram, bilateral atrial dilatation is the most common finding. Treatment is dependent on the severity of symptoms; delivery is usually indicated in the case of fetal heart failure or hydrops fetalis, whereas postnatal AFL is most commonly treated with direct current cardioversion (DCC). This article presents an illustrative case in which the patient presented antenatally via abnormal nonstress testing and subsequent fetal echocardiogram that was concerning for AFL. Postnatal ECG confirmed this diagnosis and the patient received DCC on the day of birth, followed by digoxin and propranolol as maintenance therapy. [ Pediatr Ann . 2015;44(10):e247–e250.]

Published
2015
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70. Where Do I Start? A Cartographic Cataloguing Code

Author

Paula Williams

Subjects
World Wide Web, Computer science, Degree (music), Cartography, Code (semiotics), Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

The cataloguing C.O.D.E. given is intended as an aide-memoire for any librarian or curator faced with cataloguing maps. It raises questions which should be considered when cataloguing maps, including the most basic: why catalogue?, what is cataloguing?, and what should the catalogue record include? Suggestions for answers are given in discussions about the nature of cartographic materials, cartographic intellectual ownership, titles, and physical and mathematical descriptions. The needs of the reader are considered in the degree of detail required to make a useful catalogue record.

Published
2005
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71. Further Assessments of the Relationship Between Jet Lag and Some of Its Symptoms

Author

Jim Waterhouse, Thomas Reilly, Josephine Finnegan, Paula Williams, Alan M. Nevill, Shaoyuan Kao, and Benjamin Edwards

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, Physiology, Lag, complex mixtures, Developmental psychology, Time of day, Biological Clocks, Surveys and Questionnaires, Physiology (medical), Statistics, Humans, Circadian rhythm, Chronobiology Phenomena, Jet Lag Syndrome, Analysis of Variance, Travel, Jet (fluid), Temperature, Healthy subjects, respiratory system, equipment and supplies, Random effects model, Circadian Rhythm, Alertness, Sleep Deprivation, Female, Analysis of variance, Sleep, Psychology, human activities, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract

The disruption of circadian rhythms following time-zone transitions gives rise to the syndrome of jet lag. The power of some of the symptoms of jet lag to predict the amount of jet lag measured at the same and at different times of the day has been investigated. Eleven healthy subjects were studied in an Isolation Unit for two days after a simulated flight from the UK to Beijing (8 time zones to the east). At six time-points (08:30, 11:00, 14:00, 17:00, 20:00, and 23:00 h), the subjects recorded their jet lag, and the differences from "normal" (that is, from days in which there is no jet lag) of alertness, hunger, indigestion, concentration, motivation, and irritability. They recorded at 08:30 h the type of food they had eaten since rising at 08:00h and, at the other times, the type of food eaten in the last three hours. Assessments were made by visual analogue scales or, in the case of type of food, by a nominal scale. Following the time-zone transition, the adjustment of meals appeared to be complete almost immediately. Jet lag and its symptoms were present during both experimental days. Jet lag tended to rise during the course of the daytime, accompanied by falls in alertness, motivation, and concentration. Correlation matrices between jet lag and each of the other variables were produced, using lags between the variable (from up to 5 time-points before the assessment of jet lag to 5 time-points afterwards) and pooling the results from both days. These matrices indicated that significant correlations existed only between jet lag and alertness, concentration, and motivation, and then only when these other variables were assessed at the same time as jet lag or 1 or 2 time-points earlier. Jet lag was then treated as the dependent variable and the symptoms as covariates in analysis of covariances (ANCOVAs), with the days treated as a random effect. This analysis enabled the significance of potential predictors of jet lag, together with their beta-coefficients (the relationship between a unit change of each significant predictor and the change in jet lag), to be calculated. Falls in alertness and motivation were significant predictors of increased jet lag, provided that they were measured at the same time, when they accounted for about 50% of the jet lag; when measured at other time-points, they did not act as significant predictors. It is concluded that the amount of jet lag varies during the course of the day and that it can be predicted from contemporaneous assessments of alertness and motivation-but not from assessments made at other times of the day, nor from other variables that are symptoms of jet lag, even though these other variables are significantly increased. In considering the results of this and our previous study, we reiterate the view that the exact meaning of "jet lag" is complex and that the particular combination of factors that contribute to it might vary with the time of day that the assessment is made. Inferences about any decrements due to time-zone transitions cannot be made reliably at times of the day that differ from the time when jet lag is assessed.

Published
2005
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72. Acquired and congenital pediatric cardiac disease

Author

Paula Williams

Subjects
Heart Defects, Congenital, medicine.medical_specialty, Text mining, Heart Diseases, business.industry, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Infant, Newborn, Medicine, Humans, Disease, business, Intensive care medicine, Child
Published
2014

73. A Neonate with Critical Congenital Heart Disease

Author

Jarrett Linder, Paula Williams, and Emily Dawson

Subjects
Heart Defects, Congenital, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiotonic Agents, Critical Care, Epinephrine, Dopamine, Multiple Organ Failure, medicine.medical_treatment, Shock, Cardiogenic, Physical examination, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric, Ductus arteriosus, Intubation, Intratracheal, medicine, Humans, Oximetry, Critical congenital heart disease, Ultrasonography, Cardiac catheterization, Newborn screening, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Interrupted aortic arch, Infant, Newborn, Emergency department, medicine.disease, Capillary refill, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, business, Adrenergic alpha-Agonists, Milrinone
Abstract

Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) is defined as a ductal-dependent congenital heart defect requiring surgical or percutaneous intervention via cardiac catheterization before 1 year of age. Most cases of CCHD can be diagnosed with prenatal ultrasound or fetal echocardiogram. If not prenatally diagnosed, CCHD can be stable in the newborn nursery due to persistent ductal patency, and the patient may only be diagnosed after ductal closure and development of cardiac symptoms at home. In this case, a 6-day-old female presented to the emergency department (ED) floppy with agonal respirations, poor capillary refill, and absent femoral pulses. On the day of presentation, the patient became increasingly fussy, refused feeding, and began to gasp. The patient was transported to the ED for evaluation, where a bedside echocardiogram revealed interrupted aortic arch (IAA), ventricular septal defect, minimal flow through a thread-like ductus arteriosus, and severely depressed cardiac function. IAA is very rare, with an incidence of three cases per 1 million live births. Patients require neonatal supportive care, continuous prostaglandin E1 infusion, and urgent referral for neonatal surgical repair in the first days to weeks of life. To reduce the volume of undiagnosed CCHD in the immediate newborn period, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Secretary’s Advisory Committee on Heritable Diseases in Newborns and Children (SACHDNC) recommended that CCHD screening via pulse oximetry be added to the recommended uniform screening panel. A positive screen results in an immediate referral for an echocardiogram. Fetal diagnosis, newborn screening, and/or careful clinical examination may have resulted in detection of IAA in our patient prior to ductal closure.

Published
2014
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74. Initiation of Apoptosis by Actin Cytoskeletal Derangement in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Author

Paula Williams, Delbert R. Dorscheid, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Steven R. White, Klaus F. Rabe, Kimberly R. Wojcik, and Steven Sun

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Cytochalasin D, Clinical Biochemistry, Arp2/3 complex, Antineoplastic Agents, Apoptosis, Clostridium difficile toxin B, Respiratory Mucosa, macromolecular substances, Kidney, Peptides, Cyclic, Cell Line, chemistry.chemical_compound, Dogs, Receptors, Fibronectin, Depsipeptides, Cell Adhesion, Animals, Humans, Cytochalasin, Cytoskeleton, Molecular Biology, Epithelial polarity, Caspase 8, Focal Adhesions, biology, Actin remodeling, Cell Biology, Phosphoproteins, Actins, Caspase 9, Vinculin, Cell biology, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Kinetics, chemistry, Caspases, biology.protein, MDia1, Paxillin, Cell Division
Abstract

Changes in epithelial cell shape can lead to cell death and detachment. Actin filaments are cleaved during apoptosis, but whether disruption in the actin cytoskeletal network, as one manifestation of cell shape change, can itself induce apoptosis is not known. We tested this hypothesis in the airway epithelial cell line 1HAEo(-) and in primary airway epithelial cells by preventing actin filament elongation with cytochalasin D or by aggregating actin filaments with jasplakinolide. Disruption of actin filament integrity promptly induced apoptosis in adherent epithelial cells within 5 h. Jasplakinolide-induced apoptosis did not disrupt focal adhesions, whereas cytochalasin D-induced apoptosis decreased focal adhesion protein expression and occurred despite ligation of the fibronectin receptor. Death induction was abrogated by the caspase inhibitors z-VAD-fmk and Ac-DEVD-cho but not by blocking the Fas (CD95) receptor. Whereas cytochalasin D--induced apoptosis was associated with cleavage of pro-caspase-8, jasplakinolide-induced apoptosis was not. Both agents induced formation of a death-inducing signaling complex. These data demonstrate that disruption of actin filament integrity with either cytochalasin D or jasplakinolide induces apoptosis in airway epithelial cells but by different mechanisms, and suggest that actin may be an early modulator of apoptotic commitment.

Published
2001
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75. Awareness and experiences on core outcome set development and use amongst stakeholders from low- and middle- income countries: An online survey.

Author

Jamlick Karumbi, Sarah Gorst, David Gathara, Bridget Young, and Paula Williamson

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Harmonization of outcomes to be measured in clinical trials can reduce research waste and enhance research translation. One of the ways to standardize measurement is through development and use of core outcome sets (COS). There is limited involvement of low- and middle-income country (LMIC) stakeholders in COS development and use. This study explores the level of awareness and experiences of LMIC stakeholders in the development and use of COS. We conducted an online survey of LMIC stakeholders. Three existing COS (pre-eclampsia, COVID-19, palliative care) were presented as case scenarios, and respondents asked to state (with reason(s)) if they would or would not use the COS if they were working in that area. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Of 81 respondents, 26 had COS experience, 9 of whom had been involved in COS development. Personal research interests and prevalence of disease are key drivers for initiation/participation in a given COS project. Most respondents would use the COS for pre-eclampsia (18/26) and COVID-19 (19/26) since the development process included key stakeholders. More than half of the respondents were not sure or would not use the palliative care COS as they felt stakeholder engagement was limited and it was developed for a different resource setting. Respondents reported that use of COS can be limited by (i) feasibility of measuring the outcomes in the COS, (ii) knowledge on the usefulness and availability of COS and (iii) lack of wide stakeholder engagement in the COS development process including having patients and carers in the development process. To ensure the development and use of COS in LMICs, collaborations are essential in awareness raising on COS utility, training, and COS development. The COS also needs to be made accessible in locally understandable languages and feasible to measure in LMICs.

Published
2023
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77. Integrative Medicine

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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78. Invasive Cervical Cancer

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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79. Intermediate Variable

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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80. Independent Living

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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81. Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS)

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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82. Implementation

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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83. Illness Fatigue

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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84. Interpersonal Stress or Conflict

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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85. Institutional Review Board (IRB)

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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86. Interpersonal Circumplex

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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87. Immune responses to stress

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, Anthony Remaud, and Klinische Psychologie (Psychologie, FMG)

Subjects
Stress (mechanics), Immune system, business.industry, Immunology, Medicine, business
Published
2013
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88. Income Distribution

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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89. Ileitis Terminalis

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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90. Internet-Mediated Studies

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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91. Integrated Behavioral Medicine Research, Practice, Policy

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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92. Interpersonal Relationships

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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93. Illness Cognitions and Perceptions

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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94. Intention Strength

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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95. Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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96. Intima-Media Thickness (IMT)

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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97. Infertility-Related Stress

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
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98. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Psychological Treatment

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
Full Text
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99. Implementation Intentions

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
Full Text
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100. Individual Difference Factors

Author

Marie Boltz, Holly Rau, Paula Williams, Jane Upton, Jos A. Bosch, Victoria E. Burns, Leila Anane, Joanna Long, Barbara Mullan, Peter M. Gollwitzer, Gabriele Oettingen, Kelly Winter, Jason S. Yeh, Susannah D. Copland, Douglas Carroll, Austin S. Baldwin, Valerie G. Loehr, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Mark T. Drayson, Anna C. Phillips, Pamela A. Geller, Alexandra Nelson, Nicolas Rohleder, Jutta M. Wolf, Yukari Tanaka, Shin Fukudo, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, J. Rick Turner, Laura Rodriguez-Murillo, Rany M. Salem, Wendy Troxel, Martica H. Hall, Elizabeth Galik, Adriana Carrillo, Della Matheson, Alan M. Delamater, Janine Sanchez, Luigi Meneghini, Margaret A. Chesney, David E. Anderson, Peter A. Hall, Neil Schneiderman, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Timothy W. Smith, Bert N. Uchino, Kimberly Bowen, McKenzie Carlisle, Maija Reblin, Rebecca Campo, Nelli Hankonen, Nikola Stenzel, Stefan Krumm, Jonathan Newman, Kevin S. Masters, Bart Verkuil, J. F. Brosschot, Tomohiko Muratsubaki, Siqin Ye, and Anthony Remaud

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

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