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Introduction Les communications interventriculaires (CIV) se compliquent rarement d’une insuffisance aortique (IA) massive lors des 2 premieres annees de vie. Cas clinique Nous rapportons l’observation d’un nourrisson atteint d’une CIV infundibulaire. A l’âge de 6 mois, la CIV etait bien toleree, mais une IA de grade 1 etait notee. A 13 mois, au decours d’une infection pulmonaire, une insuffisance cardiaque clinique et biologique (BNP a 655 ng/l) etait observee. L’echographie cardiaque mettait en evidence une CIV infundibulaire de 7 mm comblee par la cusp coronaire droite entrainant une IA massive par defaut de coaptation des sigmoides aortiques ; le ventricule gauche (VG) etait tres dilate (diametre diastolique a 47mm) et hypokinetique (fraction de raccourcissement a 25 %). L’enfant a ete opere en urgence sous CEC : fermeture de la CIV par patch et plastie de la valve aortique. Deux mois apres la chirurgie, il persistait une IA minime et le VG avait repris un diametre normal (35mm en diastole) et une fonction normale. Conclusion Une IA massive compliquant une CIV infundibulaire s’observe rarement a cet âge. L’apparition d’une fuite aortique des les premiers mois de vie doit inciter a realiser la fermeture chirurgicale precoce de la CIV afin de prevenir l’aggravation de l’IA.

We conducted Geographic Information System (GIS) habitat analyses for lesser prairie-chicken (LPCH, Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) conservation planning. The 876,799 ha study area included most of the occupied habitat for the LPCH in New Mexico. The objectives were to identify and quantify: 1. suitable LPCH habitat in New Mexico, 2. conversion of native habitats, 3. potential for habitat restoration, and 4. unsuitable habitat available for oil and gas activities. We found 16% of suitable habitat (6% of the study area) distributed in 13 patches of at least 3,200 ha and 11% of suitable habitat (4% of the study area) distributed in four patches over 7,238 ha. The area converted from native vegetation types comprised 17% of the study area. Ninety-five percent of agricultural conversion occurred on private lands in the northeastern corner of the study area. Most known herbicide-related conversions (82%) occurred in rangelands in the western part of the study area, on lands managed primarily by the US Bureau of Land Management (BLM). We identified 88,190 ha (10% of the study area) of habitats with reasonable restoration potential. Sixty-two percent of the primary population area (PPA) contained occupied, suitable, or potentially suitable habitat, leaving 38% that could be considered for oil and gas development. Although suitable LPCH habitat appears at first glance to be abundant in southeastern New Mexico, only a fraction of apparently suitable vegetation types constitute quality habitat. However, we identified habitat patches that could be restored through mesquite control or shin-oak reintroduction. The analysis also identified areas of unsuitable habitat with low restoration potential that could be targeted for oil and gas exploration, in lieu of occupied, high-quality habitats. Used in combination with GIS analysis and current LPCH population data, the habitat map represents a powerful conservation and management tool.