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54. A coherent polarimeter array for the Large Scale Polarization Explorer (LSPE) balloon experiment

Author

Bersanelli, M., primary, Mennella, A., additional, Morgante, G., additional, Zannoni, M., additional, Addamo, G., additional, Baschirotto, A., additional, Battaglia, P., additional, Baù, A., additional, Cappellini, B., additional, Cavaliere, F., additional, Cuttaia, F., additional, Del Torto, F., additional, Donzelli, S., additional, Farooqui, Z., additional, Frailis, M., additional, Franceschet, C., additional, Franceschi, E., additional, Gaier, T., additional, Galeotta, S., additional, Gervasi, M., additional, Gregorio, A., additional, Kangaslahti, P., additional, Krachmalnicoff, N., additional, Lawrence, C., additional, Maggio, G., additional, Mainini, R., additional, Maino, D., additional, Mandolesi, N., additional, Paroli, B., additional, Passerini, A., additional, Peverini, O. A., additional, Poli, S., additional, Ricciardi, S., additional, Rossetti, M., additional, Sandri, M., additional, Seiffert, M., additional, Stringhetti, L., additional, Tartari, A., additional, Tascone, R., additional, Tavagnacco, D., additional, Terenzi, L., additional, Tomasi, M., additional, Tommasi, E., additional, Villa, F., additional, Virone, Gi., additional, and Zacchei, A., additional

Published
2012
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67. Development of diagnostic and manipulation systems for space-charge dominated electron beams and confined electron plasmas in ELTRAP.

Author

Romé, M., Cavaliere, F., Cavenago, M., Ikram, M., Maero, G., Paroli, B., and Pozzoli, R.

Subjects
SPACE charge, ELECTRON beams, PLASMA gases, MAGNETIC fields, PHOTOMULTIPLIERS, NUCLEAR energy, SIGNAL-to-noise ratio
Abstract

Modifications have been implemented in the Penning-Malmberg device ELTRAP aimed at performing studies on the dynamics of space-charge dominated nanosecond electron bunches traveling along the magnetic field. In particular, a Thomson backscattering apparatus has been developed where an infrared (IR) laser pulse collides with the bunched electron beam. The frequency-shifted backscattered radiation, acquired by means of a photomultiplier (PMT), can be exploited to evaluate information on energy, energy spread and density of the bunch. The achievable sensitivity of the diagnostics has been estimated, and valuable information on the main parameters affecting the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio has been obtained [B. Paroli, F. Cavaliere, M. Cavenago, F. De Luca, M. Ikram, G. Maero, C. Marini, R. Pozzoli, and M. Romé, JINST 7, P01008 (2012)]. A series of upgrades are under way, aimed at increasing the S/N ratio through the use of a new laser for the electron source, the insertion of a stray light shield, and the optimization of the detection electronics. Moreover, electromagnetic simulations relevant to the design and implementation of a microwave heating system are presented. The generation of an electron plasma in ELTRAP by means of a low-power radio frequency (RF) drive in the MHz range applied on one of the trap electrodes and under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions has previously been demonstrated [B. Paroli, F. De Luca, G. Maero, F. Pozzoli, and M. Romé, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 19, 045013 (2010)]. The new heating system will allow the extension of the RF studies to the GHz range and in particular the production of a more energetic electron plasma via cyclotron resonant excitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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68. Non-Resonant Dynamic Stabilization of the m = 1 Diocotron Mode.

Author

Maero, G., Paroli, B., Pozzoli, R., and Romé, M.

Subjects
*RADIO frequency, *FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems, *PLASMA gases, *IONIZED gases, *PLASMA dynamics
Abstract

The m = 1 diocotron mode of a nonneutral plasma column confined in a Malmberg-Penning trap, i.e. the rotation of the plasma center-of-charge around the longitudinal symmetry axis, is experimentally found to be unstable. We have investigated in the ELTRAP device a control mechanism of the radial drift of the column based on a Radio Frequency drive applied on an azimuthally sectored electrode of the trap. Systematic experiments show the characteristic features of the mechanism, namely the presence of amplitude and frequency thresholds as well as the non-resonant behavior, whose interpretation invokes the concept of dynamic stabilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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69. Radio Frequency Generation of an Electron Plasma in a Malmberg-Penning Trap.

Author

Paroli, B., De Luca, F., Maero, G., Pozzoli, R., and Romé, M.

Subjects
*RADIO frequency, *ELECTRONS, *IONIZATION (Atomic physics), *ELECTRON gas, *PARTICLES (Nuclear physics)
Abstract

The generation of an electron plasma via low-power Radio Frequency (RF) excitation has been observed in the Malmberg-Penning trap ELTRAP under ultra-high vacuum conditions. The process is sensitive to the RF parameters as well as to the trapping length. The electron heating mechanism necessary to reach the ionization energy of the residual gas has been modeled with the use of a simple one-dimensional iterative map, whose properties show a behavior similar to that of the Fermi acceleration map. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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70. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition of two-dimensional turbulence in a pure electron plasma.

Author

Lepreti, F., Romé, M., Pozzoli, R., Vecchio, A., Carbone, V., Maero, G., Paroli, B., and Valentini, F.

Subjects
ELECTRONS, ORTHOGONAL decompositions, PLASMA density, PLASMA gases, TURBULENCE
Abstract

The free-decaying two-dimensional (2D) turbulence in a pure electron plasma confined in the Malmberg-Penning trap ELTRAP is investigated experimentally and analyzed through the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD). POD is used to extract coherent structures of the flow from a sequence of plasma density measurements, which represent the vorticity of the 2D fluid. The coherent structures that are energetically dominant are identified and their spatio-temporal dynamics is studied over the time evolution of turbulence. The results suggests the the dominant POD modes can be identified with diocotron modes which appear to be active during both the onset and relaxation phases of turbulence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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85. A Local Two-Port Interferometer to Detect Radio-vortices at 30 GHz

Author

Lorenzo Scalcinati, Bruno Paroli, Mario Zannoni, Massimo Gervasi, Marco Alberto Carlo Potenza, Scalcinati, L, Paroli, B, Zannoni, M, Gervasi, M, and Potenza, M

Subjects
FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, Condensed Matter Physics, microwave techniques, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract

In this work we show a novel method based on a local two-port interferometer to distinguish the topological charge of radio-vortices at 30 GHz by using a small portion of the entire wavefront only. The experimental investigation of the amplitude and phase properties of the interference pattern with a pure Gaussian beam (l = 0) and a l = 1 radio vortex is carried out, and results are compared with the theory based on Laguerre-Gauss modes. Experiments were performed both with the interferometer and with single antenna to highlight the effective benefits of the interferometric approach, sensitive to the azimuthal phase of the vortex field. Method is also extendable at higher topological charges for applications to high-density millimetric communications.

Published
2023

86. Multiparametric optical characterization of airborne dust with single particle extinction and scattering

Author

G. Bettega, Llorenç Cremonesi, A. Passerini, Alberto Pullia, Francesco Cavaliere, Samuel Albani, Tiziano Sanvito, Barbara Delmonte, Bruno Paroli, Agostino Tettamanti, Marco A. C. Potenza, D. Viganò, Cremonesi, L, Passerini, A, Tettamanti, A, Paroli, B, Delmonte, B, Albani, S, Cavaliere, F, Vigano, D, Bettega, G, Sanvito, T, Pullia, A, and Potenza, M

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Scattering, Extinction cross section, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, Characterization (materials science), optical propertie, Optics, extinction cross section, Extinction (optical mineralogy), Mathematics::Quantum Algebra, Environmental Chemistry, Particle, General Materials Science, dust, business, climate, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

We describe a robust, portable, deployable instrument for multiparametric optical characterization of single airborne particles. It is based on the Single Particle Extinction and Scattering method with additional sensors at 45° and 90° angles. Four independent optical parameters are associated to each particle. Basically, it provides a rigorous measurement of the extinction cross section and the complex amplitude of the forward scattered field. Moreover, thanks to the multiparametric single particle approach, it is possible to roughly classify the particles within a size range from a few hundreds of nanometers to some micrometers. By assigning a reasonable single scattering albedo for each population, our data are enough to fit the phase function with acceptable uncertainties. We report here the results of tests performed with water droplets, generating well controlled data without any free parameters. Data analysis is described in detail. We also report measurements performed on urban aerosol collected in the city of Milan by recovering the optical properties and feeding radiative transfer models. The findings reported here support the importance of an accurate measurement of the phase function, as already established by the Community. Copyright © 2020 American Association for Aerosol Research.

Published
2020

88. Single-Particle Extinction and Scattering Method Allows for Detection and Characterization of Aggregates of Aeolian Dust Grains in Ice Cores

Author

Valter Maggi, Alberto Pullia, Marco A. C. Potenza, Llorenç Cremonesi, Giovanni Baccolo, Bruno Paroli, Tiziano Sanvito, Barbara Delmonte, Potenza, M, Cremonesi, L, Delmonte, B, Sanvito, T, Paroli, B, Pullia, A, Baccolo, G, and Maggi, V

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Scattering, Mineralogy, 02 engineering and technology, Mineral dust, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Light scattering, Aerosol, Ice core, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Extinction (optical mineralogy), Aeolian processes, Particle, light scattering, aggregates, ice cores, mineral dust, 0210 nano-technology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Mineral dust aerosol in ice cores is one of the most important proxies for paleoclimate research. Under certain conditions, in the deeper part of ice cores, the pristine paleoclimate signal can be altered by in situ formation of dust aggregates, following the relocation of the impurities. Thus, aggregate detection is a critical indication for post-depositional processes. Clues for the presence of aggregates have been provided by anomalously large dust size distributions, while small aggregates were basically invisible to conventional dust analysis techniques. In this paper, we propose an optical approach to this problem based on the single-particle extinction and scattering (SPES) method, which allows researchers to distinguish between compact and non-compact particles through the analysis of samples populated by isometric particles contained in the core samples. This method can potentially be used during continuous flow analyses of ice cores. It allows for the detection of even the tiniest aggregates, falling within the typical size interval of aeolian mineral aerosol. This approach will potentially provide key evidence for assessing the integrity of paleoclimate records

Published
2017

89. MariX, an advanced MHz-class repetition rate X-ray source for linear regime time-resolved spectroscopy and photon scattering

Author

Z. Mazzotta, Riccardo Valdagni, M. Moretti Sala, Silvia Morante, Lucio Rossi, Massimo Sorbi, M. Opromolla, Adolfo Esposito, F. Camera, Giorgio Turchetti, Alberto Pullia, Massimo Petrarca, Francesco Ragusa, S. Capra, Andrea Castoldi, Massimiliano Romé, Dario Giannotti, Francesco Stellato, Marcel Ruijter, Luca Serafini, Antonio Sarno, A. Bellandi, Mauro Carrara, A. Loria, Riccardo Calandrino, S. Samsam, Paola Mangili, Chiara Guazzoni, Daniele Sertore, L. Monaco, Verardo Torri, Alberto Bacci, Cristina Vaccarezza, Giacomo Claudio Ghiringhelli, Vittoria Petrillo, Francesco Canella, A. Del Vecchio, M. Bertucci, Marco A. C. Potenza, Alberto Tagliaferri, Alessandro Cianchi, C. Paulin, Giorgio Rossi, Paolo Russo, Tommaso Mazza, Mauro Gambaccini, Ermanno Pinotti, Matteo G. A. Paris, Ezio Puppin, Paolo Laporta, Roberta Ramponi, Giovanni Mettivier, Gianluca Galzerano, Simone Cialdi, P. Cardarelli, Fabian Zomer, Edoardo Suerra, Stefano Olivares, Martino Bolognesi, Daniele Nutarelli, F. Prelz, Chiara Meroni, L. Faillace, F. Broggi, Alke Martens, Bruno Paroli, Nicola Coluccelli, Angelo Vanzulli, Illya Drebot, Gianfranco Paternò, M. Rossetti Conti, Angelo Taibi, M. Statera, Bruno Spataro, Dario Giove, C. Curatolo, Flavia Groppi, S. Leoni, Rocco Paparella, S. Di Mitri, Laura Perini, G.M. Cattaneo, Carlo Fiorini, Kevin Dupraz, Massimo Ferrario, Kevin Cassou, Carlo Pagani, Paolo Piseri, Giovanni Onida, Andrea Rossi, R. Castriconi, Paolo Michelato, Angelo Bosotti, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Serafini, L., Bacci, A., Bellandi, A., Bertucci, M., Bolognesi, M., Bosotti, A., Broggi, F., Calandrino, R., Camera, F., Canella, F., Capra, S., Cardarelli, P., Carrara, M., Cassou, K., Castoldi, A., Castriconi, R., Cattaneo, G. M., Cialdi, S., Cianchi, A., Coluccelli, N., Curatolo, C., Del Vecchio, A., Di Mitri, S., Drebot, I., Dupraz, K., Esposito, A., Faillace, L., Ferrario, M., Fiorini, C., Galzerano, G., Gambaccini, M., Ghiringhelli, G., Giannotti, D., Giove, D., Groppi, F., Guazzoni, C., Laporta, P., Leoni, S., Loria, A., Mangili, P., Martens, A., Mazza, T., Mazzotta, Z., Meroni, C., Mettivier, Giovanni, Michelato, P., Monaco, L., Morante, S., Moretti Sala, M., Nutarelli, D., Olivares, S., Onida, G., Opromolla, M., Pagani, C., Paparella, R., Paris, M. G. A., Paroli, B., Paternò, G., Paulin, C., Perini, L., Petrarca, M., Petrillo, V., Pinotti, E., Piseri, P., Potenza, M. A. C., Prelz, F., Pullia, A., Puppin, E., Ragusa, F., Ramponi, R., Romè, M., Rossetti Conti, M., Rossi, A. R., Rossi, L., Ruijter, M., Russo, Paolo, Samsam, S., Sarno, Antonio, Sertore, D., Sorbi, M., Spataro, B., Statera, M., Stellato, F., Suerra, E., Tagliaferri, A., Taibi, A., Torri, V., Turchetti, G., Vaccarezza, C., Valdagni, R., Vanzulli, A., Zomer, F., Rossi, G., and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Linear accelerators Free-electron lasers, Linear accelerators, Free-electron lasers, Medicine applications, Socio-culturale, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Instrumentation, law.invention, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Range (particle radiation), business.industry, Scattering, Particle accelerator, Photoelectric effect, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin), Pulse (physics), Time-resolved spectroscopy, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

The need of a fs-scale pulsed, high repetition rate, X-ray source for time-resolved fine analysis of matter (spectroscopy and photon scattering) in the linear response regime is addressed by the conceptual design of a facility called MariX (Multi-disciplinary Advanced Research Infrastructure for the generation and application of X-rays) outperforming current X-ray sources for the declared scope. MariX is based on the original design of a two-pass two-way superconducting linear electron accelerator , equipped with an arc compressor, to be operated in CW mode (1 MHz). MariX provides FEL emission in the range 0.2–8 keV with 1 0 8 photons per pulse ideally suited for photoelectric effect and inelastic X-ray scattering experiments. The accelerator complex includes an early stage that supports an advanced inverse Compton source of very high-flux hard X-rays of energies up to 180 keV that is well adapted for large area radiological imaging, realizing a broad science programme and serving a multidisciplinary user community, covering fundamental science of matter and application to life sciences, including health at preclinical and clinical level.

Published
2019

90. Near field scattering for samples under forced flow

Author

Llorenç Cremonesi, Bruno Paroli, Mirko Siano, Marco A. C. Potenza, Cremonesi, L, Siano, M, Paroli, B, and Potenza, M

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, business.industry, Scattering, Mie scattering, Near and far field, Light scattering, fractal aggregates, colloids, near field scattering, 01 natural sciences, Fractal dimension, Light scattering, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Scattering amplitude, Wavelength, Optics, Fractal, 0103 physical sciences, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

We describe a light scattering technique for characterizing colloidal samples under constant flow. It exploits the properties of speckles in the deep Fresnel region—the so-called near field speckles—providing absolute scattering measurements of the static form factor of the sample, as described extensively by Mazzoni et al. [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 043704 (2013)] for static samples. We exploit a strongly astigmatic beam for illuminating the scattering volume with a light sheet a few microns thick. This largely improves the sensitivity of the method to small signals. Moreover, by flowing the sample in the direction perpendicular to the light sheet, the transit times are reduced to a minimum, allowing for fast measurements. We tested the instrument with suspensions of calibrated colloidal polystyrene spheres with a size comparable to the light wavelength. In particular, we recovered the static form factors of suspensions of spherical particles and the phase lag of the zero-angle scattering amplitude, which both compare well to Mie theory predictions. We then applied the method to colloidal fractal aggregates of sub-wavelength particles and measured their fractal dimension. The instrument is designed to be operational in continuous flow analysis systems.

Published
2020

91. Measuring shape and size of micrometric particles from the analysis of the forward scattered field

Author

Tiziano Sanvito, Barbara Delmonte, Alberto Pullia, Marco A. C. Potenza, Bruno Paroli, Sara Villa, Villa, S, Sanvito, T, Paroli, B, Pullia, A, Delmonte, B, and Potenza, M

Subjects
Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Scattering, business.industry, polveri minerali, proprietà ottiche, scattering, estinzione, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Optics, Illite, Nano, engineering, Kaolinite, 0210 nano-technology, business, Quartz, Laser beams, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Characterizing nano- and micro-particles in fluids still proves to be a significant challenge for both science and industry. Here, we show how to determine shape and size distributions of polydisperse water suspensions of micron-sized particles by the analysis of the field scattered in the forward direction by single particles illuminated by a laser beam. We exploit the novel Single Particle Extinction and Scattering method in connection with shear conditions which give preferred orientations to the particles passing through the scattering volume. Water suspensions of calibrated non-spherical particles, polydisperse standard monophasic mineral samples of quartz and kaolinite, and a mixture of quartz and illite are studied in detail. Application and limitation of the method are discussed.

Published
2016

92. Shape and size constraints on dust optical properties from the Dome C ice core, Antarctica

Author

Alberto Pullia, Valter Maggi, Bruno Paroli, Giovanni Baccolo, Natalie M. Mahowald, Marco A. C. Potenza, Samuel Albani, Tiziano Sanvito, Sara Villa, Barbara Delmonte, Potenza, M, Albani, S, Delmonte, B, Villa, S, Sanvito, T, Paroli, B, Pullia, A, Baccolo, G, Mahowald, N, and Maggi, V

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Extinction (astronomy), Mineral dust, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Article, Aerosol, Physics::Geophysics, Ice core, Paleoclimatology, dust, Antarctica, climate, paleoclimate, optical properties, Radiative transfer, Particle, Climate model, Geology, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Mineral dust aerosol (dust) is widely recognized as a fundamental component of the climate system and is closely coupled with glacial-interglacial climate oscillations of the Quaternary period. However, the direct impact of dust on the energy balance of the Earth system remains poorly quantified, mainly because of uncertainties in dust radiative properties, which vary greatly over space and time. Here we provide the first direct measurements of the aerosol optical thickness of dust particles windblown to central East Antarctica (Dome C) during the last glacial maximum (LGM) and the Holocene. By applying the Single Particle Extinction and Scattering (SPES) technique and imposing preferential orientation to particles, we derive information on shape from samples of a few thousands of particles. These results highlight that clear shape variations occurring within a few years are hidden to routine measurement techniques. With this novel measurement method the optical properties of airborne dust can be directly measured from ice core samples and can be used as input into climate model simulations. Based on simulations with an Earth System Model we suggest an effect of particle non-sphericity on dust aerosol optical depth (AOD) of about 30% compared to spheres and differences in the order of ~10% when considering different combinations of particles shapes.

Published
2015

93. A coherent polarimeter array for the Large Scale Polarization Explorer balloon experiment

Author

E. Franceschi, E. Tommasi, Gianmarco Maggio, F. Villa, S. Galeotta, R. Mainini, Z. Farooqui, Giuseppe Addamo, Andrea Baschirotto, Charles R. Lawrence, S. Ricciardi, F. Cuttaia, S. Poli, A. Gregorio, M. Rossetti, T. C. Gaier, R. Tascone, Nazzareno Mandolesi, B. Paroli, P. Battaglia, A. Passerini, S. Donzelli, M. Gervasi, Francesco Cavaliere, Giuseppe Virone, M. Frailis, A. Tartari, Luca Stringhetti, M. Sandri, Cristian Franceschet, O. A. Peverini, B. Cappellini, F. Del Torto, A. Zacchei, N. Krachmalnicoff, Gianluca Morgante, A. Mennella, M. Tomasi, Marco Bersanelli, Mario Zannoni, Daniele Tavagnacco, Pekka Kangaslahti, Davide Maino, Luca Terenzi, M. D. Seiffert, A. Baù, Bersanelli, M, Mennella, A, Morgante, G, Zannoni, M, Addamo, G, Baschirotto, A, Battaglia, P, Bau', A, Cappellini, B, Cavaliere, F, Cuttaia, F, Del Torto, F, Donzelli, S, Farooqui, Z, Frailis, M, Franceschet, C, Franceschi, E, Gaier, T, Galeotta, S, Gervasi, M, Gregorio, A, Kangaslahti, P, Krachmalnicoff, N, Lawrence, C, Maggio, G, Mainini, R, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Paroli, B, Passerini, A, Peverini, O, Poli, S, Ricciardi, S, Rossetti, M, Sandri, M, Seiffert, M, Stringhetti, L, Tartari, A, Tascone, R, Tavagnacco, D, Terenzi, L, Tomasi, M, Tommasi, E, Villa, F, Virone, G, Zacchei, A, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE), M., Bersanelli, A., Mennella, G., Morgante, M., Zannoni, G., Addamo, A., Baschirotto, P., Battaglia, A., Baz, B., Cappellini, F., Cavaliere, F., Cuttaia, Torto, F., S., Donzelli, Z., Farooqui, M., Fraili, C., Franceschet, E., Franceschi, T., Gaier, S., Galeotta, M., Gervasi, Gregorio, Anna, P., Kangaslahti, N., Krachmalnicoff, C., Lawrence, G., Maggio, R., Mainini, D., Maino, N., Mandolesi, B., Paroli, A., Passerini, O. A., Peverini, S., Poli, S., Ricciardi, M., Rossetti, M., Sandri, M., Seiffert, L., Stringhetti, A., Tartari, R., Tascone, Tavagnacco, Daniele, L., Terenzi, M., Tomasi, E., Tommasi, F., Villa, G., Virone, and A., Zacchei

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, Radiometers, FOS: Physical sciences, law.invention, Telescope, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Optics, Q band, CMB physic, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, law, CMB physics, STRIP instrument, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), astrophysics: instrumentation and methods for astrophysics, astrophysics: cosmology and extragalactic astrophysics, Physics, business.industry, Amplifier, Bolometer, Cosmology, CMB, Polarization, Millimetric, Stratospheric Balloon, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Polarimeter, Polarization (waves), LSPE, Cardinal point, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We discuss the design and expected performance of STRIP (STRatospheric Italian Polarimeter), an array of coherent receivers designed to fly on board the LSPE (Large Scale Polarization Explorer) balloon experiment. The STRIP focal plane array comprises 49 elements in Q band and 7 elements in W-band using cryogenic HEMT low noise amplifiers and high performance waveguide components. In operation, the array will be cooled to 20 K and placed in the focal plane of a $\sim 0.6$ meter telescope providing an angular resolution of $\sim1.5$ degrees. The LSPE experiment aims at large scale, high sensitivity measurements of CMB polarization, with multi-frequency deep measurements to optimize component separation. The STRIP Q-band channel is crucial to accurately measure and remove the synchrotron polarized component, while the W-band channel, together with a bolometric channel at the same frequency, provides a crucial cross-check for systematic effects., In press on the Proceedings of the SPIE Conference Astronomical Telescopes + instrumentation 2012, Amsterdam, paper 8446-279

Published
2012

94. A customizable digital holographic microscope.

Author

Ravasio C, Teruzzi L, Siano M, Cremonesi L, Paroli B, and Potenza MAC

Abstract

We propose a compact, portable, and low-cost holographic microscope designed for the characterization of micrometric particles suspended in a liquid. This system is built around a commercial optical microscope by substituting its illumination source (a light-emitting diode) with a collimated laser beam. Similarly, a quartz flow cell replaces the microscope glass slide using a 3D-printed custom mount. With the hardware presented in this paper, the holographic imaging of the electromagnetic fields emitted by the particles that intercept the laser beam achieves a resolution close to that of optical microscopes but with a greater depth of field. Several morphological and optical features can be extracted from the holograms, including particle projected section, aspect ratio, and extinction cross-section. Additionally, we introduce a remote system control that enables users to process the acquired holograms on a remote computational device. This work provides a comprehensive description of the methodology of image processing in holographic microscopy and a series of validation measurements conducted using calibrated particles. This technique is suitable for the characterization of airborne particles found in snow, firn, and ice; here we report experimental results obtained from Alpine ice cores., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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95. Near field scattering for samples under forced flow.

Author

Cremonesi L, Siano M, Paroli B, and Potenza MAC

Abstract

We describe a light scattering technique for characterizing colloidal samples under constant flow. It exploits the properties of speckles in the deep Fresnel region-the so-called near field speckles-providing absolute scattering measurements of the static form factor of the sample, as described extensively by Mazzoni et al. [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 043704 (2013)] for static samples. We exploit a strongly astigmatic beam for illuminating the scattering volume with a light sheet a few microns thick. This largely improves the sensitivity of the method to small signals. Moreover, by flowing the sample in the direction perpendicular to the light sheet, the transit times are reduced to a minimum, allowing for fast measurements. We tested the instrument with suspensions of calibrated colloidal polystyrene spheres with a size comparable to the light wavelength. In particular, we recovered the static form factors of suspensions of spherical particles and the phase lag of the zero-angle scattering amplitude, which both compare well to Mie theory predictions. We then applied the method to colloidal fractal aggregates of sub-wavelength particles and measured their fractal dimension. The instrument is designed to be operational in continuous flow analysis systems.

Published
2020
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96. Mapping the transverse coherence of the self amplified spontaneous emission of a free-electron laser with the heterodyne speckle method.

Author

Alaimo MD, Anania MP, Artioli M, Bacci A, Bellaveglia M, Ciocci F, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A, Dattoli G, Di Pirro G, Ferrario M, Gatti G, Giannessi L, Manfredda M, Martucci R, Mostacci A, Paroli B, Petralia A, Petrillo V, Pompili R, Potenza MA, Quattormini M, Rau J, Redoglio D, Rossi AR, Serafini L, Surrenti V, Torre A, Vaccarezza C, and Villa F

Subjects
Computer Simulation, Models, Theoretical, Thermodynamics, Amplifiers, Electronic, Electrons, Lasers, Optics and Photonics methods
Abstract

The two-dimensional single shot transverse coherence of the Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission of the SPARC_LAB Free-Electron Laser was measured through the statistical analysis of a speckle field produced by heterodyning the radiation beam with a huge number of reference waves, scattered by a suspension of particles. In this paper we report the measurements and the evaluation of the transverse coherence along the SPARC_LAB undulator modules. The measure method was demonstrated to be precise and robust, it does not require any a priori assumptions and can be implemented over a wide range of wavelengths, from the optical radiation to the x-rays.

Published
2014
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