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Due to the interest shown in our country regarding the cultivation and marketing of purple flesh potatoes, we set ourselves the problem of examining the aspects that facilitate in vitro cultivation and obtaining micro tubers that ensure the faster micropropagation of purple potato varieties, formations that in modern food are also consumed raw. The paper aimed to present the protocol for obtaining vitro tubers or also called micro tubers from two varieties of potato: Christian with regular colour of flesh and Salad Blue with purple flesh. This protocol is based on micropropagation technique which combine an agar-solidified phase succeeded by a liquid phase in the same vessel in aseptic conditions. Using the double-phase technique gave the opportunity to reduce the costs generated by the utilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activated charcoal is recommended to be added to nutrient media, used in crops of plant tissues, to the growth and development of some types of explants, but also its role of absorbing toxic compounds present in aseptic environments, which cause necrosis of inoculated tissues. . The main purpose of this study was to assess the influence of three concentrations of activated carbon (0.5 g/l, 1 g/l, 2 g/l) added to the MS culture medium, on the formation and root development of two varieties of sweet potato (DK 19/1 and DK 19/5). ). A bifactorial experience was initiated, the analyzed factors being: variety and culture environment. Determinations were made on the following parameters: root length, fresh root weight and dry root weight. Based on the obtained results, an optimal rooting was observed, without callus formation, ensuring a higher percentage of capacity at acclimatization of sweet potato seedlings from in vitro to in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this research was to follow the minituberization process for 3 Romanian potato varieties, created at NIRDPSB Brasov. The biological material called "minitubers" is part of the first links of the national system of potato production for seed. The trifactorial experience of this research (3x2x2), on 3 repetitions, included the following factors: experimental factor A: variety, with three gradations: a1 - Marvis; a2 - Castrum; a3 - Ervant (considered control); experimental factor B: biological material used for planting, with two gradations: b1 - plantlets (considered control); b2-microtubers; experimental factor C: the volume of the nutrition space, with two graduations: c1-1.5 l (considered control) and c2- 2 l. The determinations were made for number and weight of minitubers/plant, in function of experimental factors. The average number of minitubers obtained/nutrition space was between 5.75 (Marvis variety) and 10.25 (Ervant variety), and the weight of minitubers ranged from 28.22 g (Ervant variety) to 93.53 (Castrum variety). By increasing nutrition is noted very significant positive differences for both analysed parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study was to evaluate under field conditions potato genotypes derived from true seeds, that showed tolerance to in vitro induced water stress. The biological material was represented by 3 genotypes: GIL19-03-07, ZIL19-02-43 and GIL19-03-29, for which tuber number, yield and culinary quality were determined. The genotype GIL19-03-07 obtained the best results in terms of total number of tubers (647.20 thousand/ha), surpassing the variety Cosiana (control). In a dry growing year, in terms of total tuber production, the results obtained point to the genotype ZIL19-02-43 which obtained a production of 27.19 t/ha, followed by the genotype GIL19-03-07 with a production of 21.21 t/ha. The results of the culinary and technological quality analyses suggest that genotypes GIL19-03-07 and ZIL19-02-43 are suitable as raw material for chips, while genotype GIL19-03-29 is suitable for salads and other culinary preparations due to its pleasant taste and pulp texture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the effect of osmotic agents on the induction of microtubers, a study was carried out in the Laboratory of Vegetable Tissue Cultures of NIRDPSB Brașov. Bifactorial experience included the following factors: experimental factor A, variety, with three graduations: a1 - Marvis; a2 - Castrum; a3 - Ervant (as a control, the average of the values obtained for the three varieties was taken into account) and experimental factor B, microtuberization medium (with 4 graduations): b1 - classical microtuberization medium without osmotic agent (control medium); b2 - microtuberization medium with mannitol; b3 - microtuberization medium with sorbitol; b4 - microtuberization medium with PEG. The determinations were made for number of microtuber/plantlets and weight of microtubers/plantlets, in function of experimental factors. Compared to the control medium, osmotic agents added to nutritive medium had a positive effect on studied parameters Therefore, osmotic agents in low concentrations can be introduced as a stimulator of microtuberization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The official anti-Covid-19 policies and the backlash they sparked from a substantial portion of the population in both the EU and USA might be seen as part of a long series of events which highlight a growing polarization amongst the citizens of the Western democracies today, along ideological fault lines, regarding the extent of the executive powers, the individual freedoms versus the common good, the environmental protection versus the economic realities etc. In part, this polarization arises, in our opinion, from the unbalanced relationship between ideology, economy and law. The present paper endeavours to examine some facets of this relationship, presenting the current tensions between ideology, on one hand, and law and economy, on the other, as an example of a typical carrot and stick approach, which relegates the law to an ancillary, strictly technical role. To this purpose, several cases will be considered, such as the European Green Deal, the immigration (a common and hotly debated topic in the EU and USA today) and the anti-Covid vaccination policies. We will attempt to show that, far from being a mere avatar of a “stick” within the framework of the Western democracies, the law could and should offer solutions to the pervasive divisiveness in our society, by reevaluating concepts such as sovereignty and democratic representation, and in doing so, acting as a social glue, where economic incentives or ideological tenets are bound to fail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to obtain the shoots in laboratory conditions, it was necessary to prepare the sweet potato tubers and plant them, ensuring favorable conditions of temperature, light and humidity. Axial shoots from sweet potato varieties: KSP1, DK 19/1, DK 19/2, DCh 19/3, DK 19/4 and DK 19/5 were used as a source of explants for the initiation of in vitro culture. Through a single factor experiment in three repetitions, the analyzed factor was the sweet potato variety, with 6 graduations, and as a control the average values for the studied elements were established. Determinations were made on the following parameters: the formation of shoots, the number of leaves, the height of the plantlets and the weight of the fresh root. The results presented in this study highlight the possibility of obtaining sweet potato shoots and in laboratory conditions, throughout the year, with minimal costs. allowing in vitro cultivation technique to obtain in a short time a stock of healthy starting material, which can be used as planting material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine the minituberization capacity of three Romanian potato varieties. The threefactor experiment included the following factors: A - culture substrate with two graduations: a1 - 80.00% red peat, 9.90% black peat and 10.10% perlite, a2 - 84.03% red peat, 7.9% black peat and 8.06% perlite; B: nutrition space, with two graduations: b1 - 1.5 l, b2 - 2 l; C: variety, with three graduations: c1 - Marvis; c2 - Castrum; c3 - Ervant. Examination of the results on the number and weight of minitubers/plant suggests the high capacity of the Castrum variety for the production of minitubers, when using increased space nutrition and the substrate consisting of a smaller concentration of red peat (80.00%). Regarding the minitubers number, when it was used the substrate with a higher concentration of red peat (84.03%) the Castrum variety was distinguished in a bigger nutrition space (2 l). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the current climate context, the main objective of this study was to identify genotypes tolerant to water stress in true potato seed populations. The research was initiated by inoculating of true potato seeds on culture medium, regenerating viable plantlets and testing their tolerance to in vitro induced water stress. Three from nine tested genotypes obtained the best results in terms of tolerance to water stress induced in vitro. ELISA testing revealed that the three genotypes (GIL 19-03-07, ZIL 19-02-43 and GIL 19-03-29) are virus-free. In vitro true seed derived plantlets owning a very high health status were transplanted, after acclimatization, in protected area in order to produce top quality, disease-free seed potato material. Several planting variants were used in terms of biological material used, number of plants/pot and location. After minitubers were harvested, it was analyzed how the planting variants influenced number, size and weight of the minitubers obtained in the protected area. This study aimed to obtain an alternative planting material with a high phytosanitary quality and drought tolerance, to supplement the seed potato required by the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]