51. Screening for Lung Cancer
- Author
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Force, Preventive Services Task, Krist, Alex H, Davidson, Karina W, Mangione, Carol M, Barry, Michael J, Cabana, Michael, Caughey, Aaron B, Davis, Esa M, Donahue, Katrina E, Doubeni, Chyke A, Kubik, Martha, Landefeld, C Seth, Li, Li, Ogedegbe, Gbenga, Owens, Douglas K, Pbert, Lori, Silverstein, Michael, Stevermer, James, Tseng, Chien-Wen, and Wong, John B
- Subjects
Cancer ,Lung ,Tobacco ,Biomedical Imaging ,Health Services ,Tobacco Smoke and Health ,Lung Cancer ,Prevention ,Clinical Research ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing ,Prevention of disease and conditions ,and promotion of well-being ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Respiratory ,Good Health and Well Being ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Early Detection of Cancer ,Humans ,Lung Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,Risk Assessment ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Smoking ,Smoking Cessation ,Tomography ,X-Ray Computed ,US Preventive Services Task Force ,Medical and Health Sciences ,General & Internal Medicine - Abstract
ImportanceLung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in the US. In 2020, an estimated 228 820 persons were diagnosed with lung cancer, and 135 720 persons died of the disease. The most important risk factor for lung cancer is smoking. Increasing age is also a risk factor for lung cancer. Lung cancer has a generally poor prognosis, with an overall 5-year survival rate of 20.5%. However, early-stage lung cancer has a better prognosis and is more amenable to treatment.ObjectiveTo update its 2013 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on the accuracy of screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and on the benefits and harms of screening for lung cancer and commissioned a collaborative modeling study to provide information about the optimum age at which to begin and end screening, the optimal screening interval, and the relative benefits and harms of different screening strategies compared with modified versions of multivariate risk prediction models.PopulationThis recommendation statement applies to adults aged 50 to 80 years who have a 20 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years.Evidence assessmentThe USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that annual screening for lung cancer with LDCT has a moderate net benefit in persons at high risk of lung cancer based on age, total cumulative exposure to tobacco smoke, and years since quitting smoking.RecommendationThe USPSTF recommends annual screening for lung cancer with LDCT in adults aged 50 to 80 years who have a 20 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. Screening should be discontinued once a person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery. (B recommendation) This recommendation replaces the 2013 USPSTF statement that recommended annual screening for lung cancer with LDCT in adults aged 55 to 80 years who have a 30 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years.
- Published
- 2021