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IntroductionHypoglycemia is one of the most frequent metabolic conditions in neonates. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) influence clinical practice as high-quality CPGs facilitate the use of evidence in practice. This proposed study aims to systematically identify and appraise CPGs and CPG recommendations (CPGRs) for treating neonatal hypoglycemia (NH).Methods and analysisWe will conduct searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, LILACS (Latin American & Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), and Epistemonikos. Authors will search CPGs-specific databases and grey literature. Two reviewers will independently perform the titles and abstract screening, full-text review, and data extraction. Two appraisers will assess the quality of the CPGs and their recommendations using AGREE II (Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation) and AGREE-REX (Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation-Recommendations Excellence) instruments. Scores of ≥ 60% in the rigour of development domain will be considered for defining high-quality with AGREE II tool. CPGRs with scores >60% in the three domains will be used to determine high quality with the AGREE REX tool. We will perform a synthesis of the CPGRs to identify the consistency among the CPGRs and the methodological quality of primary studies that support them.Ethics and disseminationThe results will help us to identify the methodological and quality gaps in the existing CPGs for the treatment of NH. Our findings will be submitted to peer-review journals and presented at academic conferences. Based on the study design, approval from the institutional ethics board is not required for this project.Trial registrationsSystematic Review Registration Number (PROSPERO): CRD 42021239921.

The TransCure project entitled 'Iron Transporters DMT1 and FPN1' took an interdisciplinary approach combining structural biology, chemistry and physiology to gain new insights into iron transport. Proteins studied included Divalent Metal Transporter 1 (DMT1, SLC11A2), enabling the import of Fe2+ into the cytoplasm, and the iron efflux transporter Ferroportin (FPN1, SLC40A1). The physiology and pathophysiology, and the mechanisms underlying iron transport in the gut, across the placenta and in bone were investigated. Small molecule high-throughput screening was used to identify improved modulators of DMT1. The characterization of DMT1 inhibitors have provided first detailed insights into the pharmacology of a human iron transport protein. In placental physiology, the identification of the expressional and functional alterations and underlying mechanisms in trophoblast cells clarified the association between placental iron transport by DMT1/FPN1 and gestational diabetes mellitus. In bone, iron metabolism was found to differ between cells of the monocyte/ macrophage lineages, including osteoclasts. Osteoclast development and activity depended on exogenous iron, the expression of high levels of the transferrin receptor (TFR) and low levels of FPN1 suggesting the expression of an “iron storage” phenotype by these cells. The principles and main findings of the TransCure studies on transmembrane iron transport physiology are summarized in this review.

Contextualización: el ácaro rojo de las aves de corral (Dermanyssus gallinae) es un ectopárasito que afecta la salud de las gallinas ponedoras, genera estrés en la población, disminuye la tasa de crecimiento y por ende baja la calidad de los huevos. Vacío de conocimiento: el control de D. gallinae se hace a través de acaricidas químicos hacia los cuales se han generado resistencia, es necesario nuevas alternativas a base de productos naturales, entre estos los aceites esenciales y específicamente el de tomillo (Thymus vulgaris). Propósito: el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la actividad acaricida del aceite esencial de T. vulgaris contra D. gallinae de aves ponedoras en Tinjacá (Boyacá - Colombia). Metodología: el aceite esencial de T. vulgaris en concentraciones de 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20 y 0.25 mg / cm2 fue evaluado a través de bioensayos por contacto bajo condiciones de laboratorio. Resultados y conclusiones: Se obtuvo un 100% de mortalidad de D. gallinae con el aceite esencial de T. vulgaris en concentraciones de 0.05 y 0.25 mg / cm2, a los 35 minutos de contacto. La CL50 fue de 0,073 mg / cm2 y el TL50 fue de 13 minutos. El uso del aceite esencial de tomillo se puede sugerir como una alternativa para el control del ácaro rojo de las aves en las explotaciones avícolas.

Chronic wounds infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are a relevant health problem worldwide because these pathogens grow embedded in a network of polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and extracellular DNA, named biofilm, that hinders the transport of antibiotics and increases their antimicrobial tolerance. It is necessary to investigate therapies that improve the penetrability and efficacy of antibiotics. In this context, our main objectives were to study the relationship between P. aeruginosa and S. aureus and how their relationship can affect the antimicrobial treatment and investigate whether functionalized silver nanoparticles can improve the antibiotic therapy. We used an optimized in vitro wound model that mimics an in vivo wound to co-culture P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilm. The in vitro wound biofilm was treated with antimicrobial combinatory therapies composed of antibiotics (gentamycin and ciprofloxacin) and biofilm-dispersing free or silver nanoparticles functionalized with enzymes (α-amylase, cellulase, DNase I, or proteinase K) to study their antibiofilm efficacy. The interaction and colocalization of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus in a wound-like biofilm were examined and detailed characterized by confocal and electronic microscopy. We demonstrated that antibiotic monotherapy is inefficient as it differentially affects the two bacterial species in the mixed biofilm, driving P. aeruginosa to overcome S. aureus when using ciprofloxacin and the contrary when using gentamicin. In contrast, dual-antibiotic therapy efficiently reduces both species while maintaining a balanced population. In addition, DNase I nanoparticle treatment had a potent antibiofilm effect, decreasing P. aeruginosa and S. aureus viability to 0.017 and 7.7%, respectively, in combined antibiotics. The results showed that using nanoparticles functionalized with DNase I enhanced the antimicrobial treatment, decreasing the bacterial viability more than using the antibiotics alone. The enzymes α-amylase and cellulase showed some antibiofilm effect but were less effective compared to the DNase I treatment. Proteinase K showed insignificant antibiofilm effect. Finally, we proposed a three-dimensional colocalization model consisting of S. aureus aggregates within the biofilm structure, which could be associated with the low efficacy of antibiofilm treatments on bacteria. Thus, designing a clinical treatment that combines antibiofilm enzymes and antibiotics may be essential to eliminating chronic wound infections.

In recent years, the use of nontraditional data sources in statistical production has been increasing, given the additional need for more timely and disaggregated data. In the scope of nontraditional sources, citizen science represents an innovative approach to filling data gaps and including citizens as part of the recent innovation processes of national statistical offices (NSOs) in both the production of statistics and its role as data stewards of the national statistical systems (NSSs). The National Statistical Office of Colombia (DANE, acronym in Spanish) has structured a project within the framework of the Data4Now initiative for Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicators from SDG 16, using social networks as an alternative source of data generated by citizens, and natural language processing (NLP) to extract actionable intelligence from this data. In this paper, we describe the proposed strategy followed by DANE to estimate SDG indicators 16.b.1 and 16.7.2 as a pilot exercise in the framework of experimental statistics. Preliminary results illustrate potential use cases of unconventional information streams to analyze social phenomena through virtual environments such as online social media, and raise compelling challenges regarding representativity and quality assurance based on the statistical standards used by NSOs.

El surgimiento de nuevos desafíos para la educación superior con respecto de la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria (RSU), ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias que permitan gestionar y dar a conocer de manera efectiva los esfuerzos que la academia realiza para su entorno. En este artículo se propone una ruta para la sistematización y evaluación de experiencias de RSU cuya aplicación permitiría mejorar su gestión; pues, entre otros beneficios, la sistematización y la aplicación de modelos de evaluación permiten visibilizar resultados ante actores sociales involucrados, así como organizar y gestionar los aprendizajes. La Universidad Santo Tomás de Colombia se tomó como referente de contextualización

The PREDICTS project-Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)-has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.

Latinoamérica es una región que ha vivido diversas transformaciones, donde los movimientos sociales han jugado un rol esencial. Estos pueden ser considerados como el despertar de la sociedad, pues logran convocar múltiples sectores e individuos para que alcen su voz, luchen por sus ideales y cuestionen ideas que han estado arraigadas durante mucho tiempo en la cultura. Además, son capaces de estructurar nuevas narrativas nacionales que sean más equitativas y busquen el bien común. Por consiguiente, este escrito busca discutir: ¿hasta qué punto los movimientos sociales son la esperanza política de Latinoamérica frente al escenario de derechización y desigualdad de la región? Teniendo en cuenta el rol que juegan los jóvenes en la actualidad.

O presente trabalho ilustra e discute essa doença que representa o tumor odontogênico mais comum da prática clínica, o Odontoma. Para tal, apresenta um caso clínico com imagens clínicas e radiográficas esclarecedoras dos aspectos dessa doença, bem como discussão a partir de revisão narrativa de literatura direcionada para a caracterização da doença. Relata-se o caso de um odontoma composto-complexo, uma forma incomum de odontoma, mas que mantém os demais aspectos usuais, sendo uma mulher de 21 anos com lesão radiopaca em maxila detectada devido à não erupção do 23. A remoção cirúrgica seguiu a partir de acesso anterior na maxila e o exame histopatológico mostrou os aspectos típicos de um Odontoma composto e complexo juntos. Independentemente da variante, nota-se que o Odontoma é quase sempre indolente, porém requer cuidados de remoção precoce devido à possibilidade de crescimento, de desenvolvimento de cistos e comprometimento de estruturas adjacentes devido a sua localização e possibilidade de crescimento.

El presente artículo aborda una selección de obras de la artista Tamara Goldenberg, quien problematiza cuestiones sobre el rol de la mujer y las feminidades en el relato de la historia tradicional argentina, recuperando el lugar de las figuras femeninas a través de distintos procedimientos estéticos. En este estudio se analizan diversas producciones de la artista como fotografías, una instalación y un objeto-catálogo que nos invitan, como espectadoras y espectadores, a redirigir nuestra mirada hacia un cuestionamiento acerca de la idea de una narración única y oficial escrita y protagonizada por cisvarones blancos. A su vez, el propósito de este ensayo consiste en pensar el trabajo artístico de T. Goldenberg como un aporte contemporáneo dentro de una larga, pero poco difundida y documentada genealogía de recuperación de figuras femeninas en el relato de fundación de la nación, no solo a través del arte, sino también de la literatura y la prensa argentina.

La tungiasis es una ectoparasitosis endémica en Latinoamérica y está asociada a factores de riesgo como la ruralidad, la pobreza y la convivencia con animales. Popayán, una ciudad al suroccidente de Colombia, fue históricamente afectada por la tungiasis, tanto así que a sus habitantes los apodan “patojos” debido a la forma de caminar de sus habitantes infestados por la pulga. Hoy la enfermedad se creía eliminada. Se presenta el caso de un niño de 12 años procedente del área urbana de Popayán, que consultó por lesiones papulares de bordes circulares, centro negruzco y halo hiperqueratósico en ambos pies, de un mes de evolución. Por los hallazgos clínicos se sospechó tungiasis y se le administró ivermectina. Las lesiones se removieron quirúrgicamente y se enviaron para análisis parasitológico, el cual confirmó la presencia de Tunga penetrans. La evolución del paciente fue satisfactoria. La Secretaría de Salud Municipal de Popayán inspeccionó el domicilio del paciente y encontró perros migrantes del Pacífico colombiano en sus alrededores, algunos con lesiones sospechosas de tungiasis. Se documenta, así, el resurgimiento de esta enfermedad en el área urbana, probablemente debido a la migración de animales desde las zonas rurales. Es importante reconocer la existencia de la pulga en zonas rurales y urbanas, hacer el diagnóstico médico y reportar los casos a los entes de vigilancia. Estas acciones permitirán ofrecer un apropiado manejo y control sanitario de esta ectoparasitosis desatendida en humanos y animales.

Abstract Background The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a considerable public health problem, which has caused a burden on health systems in many countries. Despite the existence of multiple studies on the different digestive symptoms and their relationship with this disease, it is still vital to highlight the severity of the different symptoms, the need to diagnose it properly and quickly. Currently in Colombia there are no writings that highlight the above. Case presentation This article reports the case of a 37-year-old female patient, with no important history, who consulted for 10 h of a generalized intense abdominal pain, of sudden onset, associated with multiple stools of diarrheal consistency, and no respiratory symptoms and no epidemiological exposure. Physical examination with intense pain in the colic frame with tenderness. It was decided to rule out surgical pathology and a CT scan was performed finding no evidence of acute intra-abdominal pathology, but with a peripheral alveolar, and ground-glass opacities at lung bases, classic COVID-19 radiological pattern, confirmed by a positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, leading to consider that the gastrointestinal symptoms were secondary to this infection. Symptomatic management was given with subsequent improvement. Conclusions It is extremely important to present this first case report of a young female COVID-19 patient with an acute abdominal pain as the main clinical manifestation, that almost culminates in a surgical procedure; demonstrating the scope of gastrointestinal symptoms secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Human sex recognition with electrocardiogram signals is an emerging area in machine learning, mostly oriented toward neural network approaches. It might be the beginning of a field of heart behavior analysis focused on sex. However, a person’s heartbeat changes during daily activities, which could compromise the classification. In this paper, with the intention of capturing heartbeat dynamics, we divided the heart rate into different intervals, creating a specialized identification model for each interval. The sexual differentiation for each model was performed with a deep convolutional neural network from images that represented the RGB wavelet transformation of ECG pseudo-orthogonal X, Y, and Z signals, using sufficient samples to train the network. Our database included 202 people, with a female-to-male population ratio of 49.5–50.5% and an observation period of 24 h per person. As our main goal, we looked for periods of time during which the classification rate of sex recognition was higher and the process was faster; in fact, we identified intervals in which only one heartbeat was required. We found that for each heart rate interval, the best accuracy score varied depending on the number of heartbeats collected. Furthermore, our findings indicated that as the heart rate increased, fewer heartbeats were needed for analysis. On average, our proposed model reached an accuracy of 94.82% ± 1.96%. The findings of this investigation provide a heartbeat acquisition procedure for ECG sex recognition systems. In addition, our results encourage future research to include sex as a soft biometric characteristic in person identification scenarios and for cardiology studies, in which the detection of specific male or female anomalies could help autonomous learning machines move toward specialized health applications.

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Introdução: Na população idosa é frequente a presença de mais de uma doença crônica simultânea, denominada de multimorbidade, a qual resulta em sintomas funcionais, cognitivos e de limitações físicas. Assim, idosos com multimorbidade tendem a passar por mais demandam de mais cuidados em saúde nos diferentes níveis de atenção. Ainda, a multimorbidade incrementa ainda o risco de mortalidade, gera problemas de ordem física e mental e influencia negativamente a qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e características sociodemográficas e funcionais associadas à multimorbidade em idosos brasileiros. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo, com dados secundários provenientes da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PSN) de 2013 disponibilizados de maneira pública e gratuita no site do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), a pesquisa foi realizada em domicílio em todo território nacional, junto a 11.177 idosos através de três formulários: o domiciliar, referente às características do domicílio; o relativo a todos os moradores do domicílio; e o individual, respondido por um morador, sorteado, do domicílio com 18 anos ou mais de idade. A variável dependente foi a presença de multimorbidade sendo resultante do agrupamento das perguntas relacionadas ao autorrelato de diagnósticos médicos de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) e as variáveis independentes, as características sociodemográficas e condição clínico-funcional. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente por meio de frequência absoluta e relativa. Também se realizou análise de regressão logística e calculou-se a Odds ratio (OR) e seus respectivos Intervalos de Confiança (IC) a 95%. O modelo gerou uma capacidade explicativa de 66,0%. Resultados: A prevalência de multimorbidade em idosos foi de 46,9% e esteve associada ao sexo masculino (OR=2,1; IC95%=1,9-2,3), idade superior a 70 anos (70-79 e 80-89 anos OR=2,2; IC95%=1,6-3,0; ≥90 anos OR=1,8; IC95%=1,3-2,6), ser analfabeto (OR=1,2; IC95%=1,1-1,3), residir sem cônjuge (OR=1,2 IC95%=1,1-1,3), dispor de baixa renda (R$1320,00>2640,00 OR=1,3; IC95%=1,1-1,4; R$680,00>1320,00 OR=1,3; IC95%=1,1-1,5; R$

BackgroundAir pollution in most countries exceeds the levels recommended by the World Health Organization, causing up to one-third of deaths due to noncommunicable diseases. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) from mobile sources are the main contaminants. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to assess the relationship of exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5 and BC) in microenvironments according to respiratory health and physical activity in users traveling by different types of transportation in Bogotá, Colombia. MethodsA mixed methods study based on a convergent parallel design will be performed with workers and students. The sample will include 350 healthy transport users traveling by different urban transportation modes in three main routes in Bogotá. The study is broken down into two components: (1) a descriptive qualitative component focused on assessing the individual perception of air pollution using semistructured interviews; and (2) a cross-sectional study measuring the individual exposure to PM2.5 and BC using portable instruments (DustTrak and microAeth, respectively), pulmonary function by spirometry, and physical activity with accelerometry. The analysis will include concurrent triangulation and logistic regression. ResultsThe findings will be useful for the conception, design, and decision-making process in the sectors of health and mobility from public, academy, and private perspectives. This study includes personal measurements of PM2.5 and BC during typical trips in the city to assess the exposure to these contaminants in the major roadways in real time. The study further compares the performance of two different lung tests to identify possible short-term respiratory effects. As a limitation, the protocol will include participants from different institutions in the city, which are not necessarily representative of all healthy populations in Bogotá. In this sense, it is not possible to draw causation conclusions. Moreover, a convergent parallel design could be especially problematic concerning integration because such a design often lacks a clear plan for making a connection between the two sets of results, which may not be well connected. Nevertheless, this study adopts a procedure for how to integrate qualitative and quantitative data in the interpretation of the results and a multilevel regression. The time that participants must live in the city will be considered; this will be controlled in the stratified analysis. Another limitation is the wide age range and working status of the participants. Regional pollution levels and episodes (PM2.5) will be handled as confounding variables. The study is currently in the enrollment phase of the participants. Measurements have been made on 300 participants. Pandemic conditions affected the study schedule; however, the results are likely to be obtained by late 2022. ConclusionsThis study investigates the exposure to air pollutants in microenvironments in Bogotá, Colombia. To our knowledge, this is the first mixed methods study focusing on PM2.5, BC, and respiratory health effects in a city over 2 meters above sea level. This study will provide an integration of air pollution exposure variables and respiratory health effects in different microenvironments. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/25690

Escherichia coli is one of the most common members of the intestinal microbiota. Many of its strains are associated with various inflammatory infections, including urinary or gut infections, especially when displaying antibiotic resistance or in patients with suppressed immune systems. According to recent reports, the biofilm-forming potential of E. coli is a crucial factor for its increased resistance against antibiotics. To overcome the limitations of using antibiotics against resistant E. coli strains, the world is turning once more towards bacteriophage therapy, which is becoming a promising candidate amongst the current personalized approaches to target different bacterial infections. Although matured and persistent biofilms pose a serious challenge to phage therapy, they can still become an effective alternative to antibiotic treatment. Here, we assess the efficiency of clinically isolated phages in phage therapy against representative clinical uropathogenic and invasive biofilm-forming E. coli strains. Our results demonstrate that irrespective of host specificity, bacteriophages producing clear plaques with a high burst size, and exhibiting depolymerizing activity, are good candidates against biofilm-producing E. coli pathogens as verified from our in vitro and in vivo experiments using Galleria mellonella where survival was significantly increased for phage-therapy-treated larvae.

Intercropping can be used to reduce pest insects within agricultural systems, e.g., through deterring pests directly or by increasing habitat for their natural enemies. For example, plant produced volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can deter or confuse host-finding by insects through olfactory disruption. Drosophila suzukii is an invasive fruit fly of agricultural concern as it can lay its eggs in both ripening and fresh fruits and, uses olfactory cues to identify its wide range of host plants. Peppermint plants (Mentha × piperita) produce high levels of VOCs while growing and may, therefore, be suitable as an intercrop to reduce D. suzukii infestations in the field, as peppermint essential oil VOCs have previously been shown to deter D. suzukii in olfactory trials. We conducted a field intercropping experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of peppermint plants compared to traditional ryegrass/clover mixes in reducing D. suzukii oviposition in the field, and the effect of peppermint intercrops on other invertebrates. In the field, we monitored sentinel fruit baits weekly for D. suzukii infestation. Additionally, we monitored intercropping effects on the invertebrate community through weekly pitfall trap collection and through a pollinator point survey. We monitored for local, farm level presence of D. suzukii through apple cider vinegar traps within crop fields and along hedgerows and found high abundance of D. suzukii (>3,000 individuals trapped). Peppermint intercrops had fewer D. suzukii emerge from fruit baits and supported greater beneficial insect abundance (predators and pollinators) compared to ryegrass/clover. However, levels of D. suzukii were low across both intercrop types. Overall, we found that peppermint intercrops could be a potential aromatic intercrop used to reduce D. suzukii adult emergence from fruit compared to conventional ryegrass/clover mixes, however this trial should be replicated over multiple growing seasons, geographic locations, and host fruits. Furthermore, further study should determine the effects of the intercrop on the focal crop of interest.

O vídeo educativo vem sendo produzido no campo da promoção de saúde em diferentes países para disseminar informação em saúde e contribuir para fomentar o diálogo sobre processos de saúde e doenças. A literatura sobre produção e validação de vídeo na saúde utiliza, em sua maioria, abordagem quantitativa. Diante disso, o curta-metragem "Nossas Histórias" foi produzido a partir de narrativas empíricas de enfermeiras e familiares que participaram da revelação do HIV à criança soropositiva. Objetivos: avaliar o curta-metragem “Nossas Histórias”, sobre preparação de famílias para a revelação da criança HIV soropositiva, por enfermeiros e enfermeiras. Métodos Estudo qualitativo de avaliação de inovação tecnológica implementado com o Método da Roda, proporciona espaços coletivos de encontro e diálogos grupais onde os participantes valorizam seus saberes na criação de estratégias coletivas de mudança. Ele foi desenvolvido com 12 enfermeiros e enfermeiras no Rio de Janeiro. Os dados produzidos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo de Minayo Resultados Após a análise do corpus textual do material produzido pelas enfermeiras na avaliação do curta-metragem, emergiram cinco temas: o conjunto da ferramenta curta-metragem, cenário, conteúdo do roteiro e público-alvo, indissociabilidade entre personagens e conteúdos e indissociabilidade entre personagem e técnica. Conclusões. O curta-metragem “Nossas Histórias” é um recurso inovador com potencial para ser aplicado no campo clínico do cuidado de advocacia pela enfermeira no ambiente da consulta de enfermagem. Sua produção foi estruturada tomando como marco de referência as dimensões ontológicas, metodológicas e epistemológicas de geração de conhecimento numa linguagem audiovisual que traduziu saberes próprios (de famílias) e científicos. No entanto, ainda é necessário realizar ajustes para que o curta metragem esteja adequado à realidade das enfermeiras.