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The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the bond strengths of experimentally fractured human tooth fragments reattached with different adhesive materials and retentive techniques in vitro. Uncomplicated crown fractures were obtained on intact human mandibular permanent incisors by applying perpendicular load to the buccal aspect of tooth crowns. Fractured teeth were randomly assigned into one of three reattachment protocols: (i) Simple reattachment, (ii) Overcontour preparation, and (iii) Internal dentin groove. The first and second groups were divided into 10 subgroups, and the third group into five subgroups (n = 10 per group) with respect to five different adhesive systems (Prime&Bond NT, Adper Single Bond II, Adper Prompt L-Pop, Clearfil S(3) Bond, G Bond) used with or without a hybrid resin composite (Z250). Restored teeth were subjected to thermal cycling, and subsequently to the same loading protocol used for fracturing intact teeth. Fracture strength after reattachment procedures was recorded as a percentage of the original fracture strength. Both type of adhesive material and placement of an intermediate layer of resin composite affected the fracture resistance (P < 0.05). The highest fracture strength recovery was obtained using the internal dentin groove technique (54 +/- 0.58%, P < 0.05), followed by the overcontour and simple reattachment protocols (49 +/- 0.58% and 32 +/- 0.82%, respectively, P < 0.05). Ultramorphological evaluation of bonded specimens revealed voids and microcracks along the adhesive interface, which might contribute to postadhesive failure.

Background and Purpose: An increased amount of fibrosis formed after lumbar surgery may be the underlying cause of the failed back surgery syndrome in most cases. Various materials have been used to prevent epidural fibrosis, but only limited success has been achieved. In this study, the authors investigated the effect of FloSeal (a gelatine-containing thrombin-based haemostatic agent) on spinal epidural fibrosis in a rat laminectomy model., Material and Methods: Sixteen Wistar rats underwent laminectomy at L4 and L5 levels. In 8 rats, 0.5 mL of FloSeal was locally applied to the laminectomy site. The laminectomy site was irrigated with saline in the control group of 8 other rats. The rats were sacrificed four weeks later. Each specimen was examined for density of fibrosis, and both fibroblast and inflammatory cell density., Results: Epidural fibrosis density differed significantly between the FloSeal group and the control group. Evaluation of the fibroblast density and the inflammatory cell density showed a statistically significant difference between the FloSeal group and the control group., Conclusion: Application of FloSeal at a laminectomy site may be useful to decrease adhesion at the interface between the dura mater and epidural fibrosis.

Background: Enoxaparin is an important molecule which had been using in prophylaxis and treatment of deep venous thrombosis. Also, it is showed that it prevents postsurgical peritoneal adhesions in rats. It is aimed to evaluate its effects on gastrointestinal wound healing., Methods: Thirty Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups as control, subcutan, and intraperitoneal enoxaparin groups. Left colon anastomoses were performed. On postoperative seventh day, anastomotic healing was evaluated by measuring anastomotic bursting pressure, tissue hydroxyproline levels, and histopathological examination., Results: The anastomotic bursting pressure was highest in subcutan enoxaparin group (p < 0.001), intraperitoneal enoxaparin group (p < 0.01) came the second, and the control group has the worst value. The hydroxyproline results were found nearly similar to the bursting pressure values (subcutan (p < 0.001) > intraperitoneal (p < 0.05) > control). Neovascularization in subcutan group (p < 0.001) has a statistically significant difference to other groups., Conclusion: Enoxaparin did not interfere with colonic anastomotic resistance but improved the intestinal wound healing.