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This special issue discusses qualitative comparative analysis (crisp and fuzzy set) in business and management blending contextual information and cognitive knowledge from the contributions of Global Innovation and Knowledge Academy (GIKA). The GIKA Annual Conference provides a platform for discussing challenges pertaining to contemporary issues in Innovation and Knowledge. The 5th GIKA Annual Conference, held in July 2015 at the University of Valencia, received submissions from more than 62 countries. Journal of Business Research (JBR) is the sponsor journal of the Academy. One of the aims of the GIKA Conference is to select high-quality conference papers for publication in a special issue of the JBR. After undergoing double-blind reviews and revisions, 46 conference papers appear in this special issue, together with the current editorial.

Technological Forecasting and Social Change (TF&SC) celebrates its fiftieth anniversary this year. The anniversary represents an appropriate time for an introspective analysis of the journal's history and impact. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of TF&SC in terms of how often TF&SC is cited by other journals (citation outflow), how often other journals are cited by TF&SC (citation inflow), citations by Web of Science and SCImago disciplinary categories, most-cited articles in TF&SC, co-citation of journals, and co-occurrence of author keywords. Analysis is conducted by using the Web of Science (WOS) database and Visualization of Similarities (VOS) viewer software. The incoming versus outgoing citation patterns identified here suggest an asymmetry in the knowledge flows of TF&SC. Papers published in TF&SC have increasingly cited knowledge from journals in Technology and Innovation Management (TIM), Engineering, and Decision Sciences, but the journal impacts a different set of disciplinary categories such as Energy, Environmental Sciences, and Social Sciences. From 1969–2018, Innovation, Foresight and Forecasting feature as the most popular keywords. Focus on topics such as Patents/Patent Analysis, Climate Change, Sustainability, and Energy seems to have intensified in the last decade. Findings suggest that focus on two countries of interest, India and China, is emerging in research published in TF&SC. Different regions of the world can be expected to place differential emphasis on various topics based on their socioeconomic-technological environments. The journal needs to be receptive to this diversity of perspectives from a growing community of scholars worldwide.

This research examines the relationship between growth and the use of support infrastructures for innovative entrepreneurship. The study considers three types of support infrastructure: incubators, technology centers, and universities. Employing crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis (csQCA), the study tests the existence of such relationships using empirical data from a sample ( n = 107) of young innovative companies. Results show that combining the use of incubators, technology centers, and universities can positively affect young innovate companies' growth.

This research provides insight on the mechanisms through which knowledge acquired through promotional events and through spatial co-location simultaneously sustains firm s innovation. Applying the concept of temporary clusters to promotional events, we simultaneously test how internal resources mediating effect and promotional events moderating role affect innovation in clusters. Regression analyses with nonparametric bootstrapping and a large sample of Spanish clusters confirm the synergies derived from the combination of internal resources, local relationships, and complementary foreign events. Although extra-cluster linkages increase this effect, synergies creation requires attendance to international exhibitions or conventions. Valuable implications for practitioners and policy makers are discussed.

Sustainability is becoming increasingly important for society, and the creation of business ventures is one area where sustainability is critical. We examined the factors affecting actions that are designed to foster business sustainability. These factors are related to the environment, behavior, human relations, and business activity. Based on questionnaire responses from experts, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used to rank sustainable business criteria according to their importance for entrepreneurs starting sustainable businesses. The results indicate that the most important drivers of sustainable entrepreneurship are behavioral factors and business factors. Ethical principles and values, together with competitive intelligence, are crucial for undertaking actions that lead to sustainability. Keywords: entrepreneurship; sustainability; behavior; environment; human relations

© 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied is a leading international journal in psychology dating back to 1935. This study examines its publications since its creation utilizing a bibliometric analysis. The primary objective is to provide a complete overview of the key factors affecting the journal. This analysis includes such key issues as the publication and citation structure of the journal, its most cited articles, and the leading authors, institutions, and countries referenced in the journal. The work uses the Scopus database to classify the bibliographic material. Additionally, the analysis provides a graphical mapping of the bibliographic data by using visualization of similarities viewer software. This software uses several bibliometric techniques including co-citation, bibliographic coupling and co-occurrence of keywords. The Journal of Psychology is strongly connected to most of the current leading journals in psychology, and currently has a 5-year impact factor of 1.77 (Thomson Reuters, 2015Journal Citation Reports).

In today’s world of increasing ecological, social and economic issues, the question as to how businesses can become a vehicle towards more sustainable development has become more relevant than ever. Crucial to a more sustainable economy is the successful implementation of sustainable practices through entrepreneurial activities. Although there are attempts to describe how sustainable entrepreneurs differentiate themselves, the question of how some entrepreneurs manage to successfully create a sustainable enterprise, while others do not, remains unanswered. The aim of this research is to find causal patterns that explain the success of sustainable entrepreneurs, using their social performance as a measure. Using a configuration approach-based fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) of 598 Austrian small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), we could identify four different combinations of the interconnected variables of innovation orientation, environmental sustainability, resource leveraging and achievement motivation, which all lead to social performance depending on the respective networking intensity of the firms. The only variable that is included in all combinations is environmental sustainability, thus indicating it may be either crucial to or a prerequisite for achieving social performance in SMEs.

[EN] Given the importance of competition in the retail sector, this research builds on spatial interaction theory to develop the competition index (CI). For this, geographic information systems (GIS) and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were used. AHP results reveal that key factors to assess competitors relate to location and branding. The proposed method was tested by evaluating 45 supermarkets in the city of Castellón (Spain). Using this method, sales targets can be adapted to each outlet’s individual circumstances., [ES] Dada la importancia de la competencia en el sector de la distribución comercial, esta investigación desarrolla el índice de competencia (IC) a partir de la teoría de la interacción espacial, utilizando los sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) y el proceso de jerarquía analítica (AHP). Los resultados del AHP revelan que los factores clave están relacionados con la ubicación y la marca. La metodología propuesta se aplica en la ciudad de Castellón, valorando 45 supermercados. Utilizando este método, los objetivos de ventas se pueden adaptar a las condiciones particulares de cada establecimiento.

Young innovative companies (YICs) are becoming increasingly prominent in the debate on industrial policy because of their role as drivers of industry and the economy. The aim of this research was to determine which variables associated with the entrepreneur and the creation of YICs enable access to public entrepreneurship policies. This analysis compared Mas-Tur and Simon-Moya’s (2015) results (obtained using regression analysis) with results yielded by Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). Using the QCA methodology, we identified causal configurations that lead companies to receive subsidies, or conversely, that lead companies not to receive subsidies. We thus observed differences in findings obtained using these two techniques.

Building on research by Akehurst, Simarro and Mas-Tur (2012), this study analyzed internal and external factors in women entrepreneurship and linked these factors to the barriers that women face when starting businesses. To do so, two contrasting statistical techniques were used: PLS and QCA. Partial least squares (PLS) is an extension of principle component analysis (PCA) (Would et al., 1983). Both methods follow the principle known as soft modelling, which consists of analyzing models based on empirical data rather than on theoretical or logical constructions, as is the case in hard modelling (Sundbom, 1992). Therefore, PLS can be used to clarify complex patterns in the data (Semb, 2011).QCA is a set-theoretical method that assumes that the influence of certain elements on a specific outcome depends on combinations of these elements rather than the prevalence of the individual elements per se (Ragin, 2008). This method uses Boolean algebra to identify which combinations of properties are sufficient and/or necessary conditions to produce an outcome of interest (Fiss, 2007).This study had two objectives. The first objective was to extend the literature on barriers faced by women entrepreneurs, and the second objective was to observe differences between results of the same analysis conducted using two statistical methodologies: one quantitative (PLS) and one qualitative (QCA). After analyzing results from each of these techniques, we observed that family duties and difficulties in obtaining financing (both internal and external) were the main factors related to barriers faced by women entrepreneurs.

[EN] Knowledge-intensive activities (KIAs) are a fundamental part of innovation. In turn, innovation drives economic growth and regional development. Logically, therefore, understanding the factors that are conducive to KIAs is important for regions to plan and build toward a sustainable future. The literature discusses a host of environmental factors that affect a region's capacity to engage in KIAs. Adopting a regional focus, this study discusses these factors and presents a causal model to explain how these environmental antecedents affect KIAs. The study then presents an application of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to analyze knowledge-intensive activities in 181 European regions across 22 countries. The analysis shows that several causal configurations of environmental factors are conducive to KIAs. Accordingly, the study discusses the policy implications of these findings.

The Journal of Business Research is a leading international journal in business research dating back to 1973. This study analyzes all the publications in the journal since its creation by using a bibliometric approach. The objective is to provide a complete overview of the main factors that affect the journal. This analysis includes key issues such as the publication and citation structure of the journal, the most cited articles, and the leading authors, institutions, and countries in the journal. Unsurprisingly, the USA is the leading region in the journal although a considerable dispersion exists, especially during the last years when European and Asian universities are taking a more significant position.

TThis article reviews the situation of single and double degrees in both public and private Spanish universities. To do so, this study analyzes information from the Registry of Universities, Centers, and Qualifications (RUCT) and Universia Spain. After analyzing the programs currently available to students, we present a proposal to establish a double degree in Administration and Business Management/Industrial Management Engineering. The proposal specifies the degree’s main objectives, specific nature, and fundamental aims and benefits in terms of technical, corporate, innovative, and entrepreneurial competencies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/HEAd15.2015.487

This paper analyzes the impact of business incubators on firm survival. Using a configurational comparative method, namely fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), the article also examines whether degree of business innovation, size, sector, and export activity affects firm survival. Results show that, when combined with other variables (i.e. sector, technology), business size is a sufficient condition for firm survival. Likewise, incubators alone cannot affect survival. A combination between incubators and other factors is necessary to ensure firm survival. Sin financiación 2.129 JCR (2015) Q2, 40/120 Business UEV

This chapter presents crowdsourcing as a novel way of overcoming barriers facing women entrepreneurs, offering alternatives to conventional solutions. The study analyzes three barriers to women entrepreneurship: access to financing, access to specific management knowledge, and access to information and communication technologies (ICTs). For each barrier, a different form of crowdsourcing is proposed: crowdfunding, crowd wisdom, and crowdfunded media, respectively. Using these crowdsourcing tools, women entrepreneurs can overcome major difficulties when starting businesses.

The first article on business creation by women was published midway through the 1970s. The author was Eleanor Brantley Schwartz (1976), and it appeared in the Journal of Contemporary Business. The article, entitled ‘Entrepreneurship: A New Female Frontier’, was based on 20 interviews with female entrepreneurs. Schwartz combined descriptive and exploratory research to identify traits, motivations, and personal attitudes common to these 20 women, concluding that the main drivers were the same as for men: the need for success, independence, economic reward, and work satisfaction. Sin financiación No data (2015) UEV

This study employs analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to develop a methodology that allows researchers to select factors for new measures in value co-creation analysis. AHP shows that successful factors for co-creation relate to the sequential stages of the relationship between hotels and disabled customers, which derives from co-creation processes. The resulting model highlights the principal factors affecting value co-creation when hotel/disabled customers interact, have a dialogue, and collaborate with staff to innovate and create new products and services at booking and stay encounters. These interactions may allow hotels to develop a strong foundation of common knowledge on value management and disabled customers. 2.129 JCR (2015) Q2, 40/120 Business UEM

Scholars cite violence as a potential barrier to entrepreneurial activity in El Salvador. Using AHP, this research aims to rank the socioeconomic and political barriers to entrepreneurship in El Salvador. The analysis stresses the importance of citizen security as a barrier to entrepreneurial activity.

[EN] The retail distribution sector is facing a difficult time as the current landscape is characterized by ever-increasing competition. In these conditions, the search for an appropriate location strategy has the potential to become a differentiating and competitive factor. Although, in theory, an increasing level of importance is placed on geography because of its key role in understanding the success of a business, this is not the case in practice. For this reason, the process outlined in this paper has been specifically developed to detect new business locations. The methodology consists of a range of analyzes with Geographical Information Systems (GISs) from a marketing point of view. This new approach is called geomarketing. First, geodemand and geocompetition are located on two separate digital maps using spatial and non-spatial databases. Second, a third map is obtained by matching this information with the demand not dealt with properly by the current commercial offer. Third, the Kernel density allows users to visualize results, thus facilitating decision-making by managers, regardless of their professional background. The advantage of this methodology is the capacity of GIS to handle large amounts of information, both spatial and non-spatial. A practical application is performed in Murcia (Spain) with 100 supermarkets and data at a city block level, which is the highest possible level of detail. This detection process can be used in any commercial distribution company, so it can be generalized and considered a global solution for retailers.

VoxPopuli tool enables quantification of absolute and relative salience of news articles published on daily news web portals. Obtained numerical values for the two types of salience enable direct comparison of audience impact of different news articles in specified time period. Absolute salience of a news article in a specified time period is determined as the total number of distinct readers who commented on the story in that period. Hence, articlesthat appear on web portals with larger audiences will in general be (absolutely) more salient as there are more potential commentators to comment on them. On the other hand, relative salience of a particular article during a particular time period is calculated as the quotient of a number of distinct readers who comented on that particular story and the number of all readers who in the same period commented on any news story published on the same news portal. As such relative salience will always be a number between 0 and 1, irrespective of the popularity of particular news portal, the (relative) salience of news stories on different news portals can be compared.