Search

The traditional way of managing and configuring network devices is by using Command Line Interface (CLI) method with Secure Shell (SSH) protocol and Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). CLI has proven to be a very complex and ineffective solution, especially with fast development and more complexity in the computer networking area. To solve these issues, IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) standard organization created in 2006 the NETCONF (Network Configuration Protocol) standard. Using the NETCONF standard should enable standardized, simpler, programmatic and more efficient configuration of R/S (router/switch) devices. Today, more than ten years after the creation of the NETCONF standard there is the question about the actual acceptance of the NETCONF protocol in current customers’ networks and about the actual maturity of the NETCONF standard. The scope of this paper is to show the results of the scientific research (qualitative or quantitative) made with major customers (partners and end customers) in Croatia with R/S network devices: in which networks and on which type of devices NETCONF is implemented, what are the reasons for NETCONF (non)implementation, their knowledge about the NETCONF standard, their view of availability of NETCONF training and documentation, etc.

Administriranje i konfiguriranje mrežnih uređaja (usmjernika i preklopnika) od početka računalnog umrežavanja uglavnom se izvršava pomoću operacijskih sustava proizvođača mrežne opreme koji koriste svoje nestandardno komandno i tekstualno korisničko sučelje (engl. Command Line Interface - CLI). To se pokazuje kao vrlo složeno i neefikasno rješenje, pogotovo stoga što se računalne mreže sve više razvijaju i postaju složenije. IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) standardna organizacija je 2006. godine kreirala protokol NETCONF s ciljem definiranja standardnog komandnog korisničkog CLI sučelja za konfiguriranje mrežnih uređaja različitih proizvođača. Osim u klasičnim računalnim mrežama, važnost NETCONF standarda se pojavljuje i u primjeni novih i nadolazećih mrežnih arhitektura, kao na primjer softverski definiranih mreža (engl. Software Defined Networking - SDN) i internetu stvari (engl. Internet of Things - IoT), a pogotovo u sustavima koji traže visoku raspoloživost (na primjer u bolnicama, zračnim lukama ili podatkovnim centrima). Danas, nakon više od deset godina od nastanka standarda NETCONF, postavlja se pitanje kolika je stvarna prihvaćenost i primjena NETCONF standarda u današnjim mrežama i kakva je njegova zrelost. Tema doktorskog rada je određivanje prednosti NETCONF standarda u odnosu na dosadašnje nestandardne metode komandne konfiguracije s ciljem postizanja veće raspoloživosti mrežnih uređaja. Osim toga, odredit će se stupanj nekorištenja NETCONF standarda od strane svjetskih proizvođača mrežne opreme i predložiti preporuke za povećanje i poboljšanje implementacije. Također, odredit će se stupanj nekorištenja od strane korisnika mrežne opreme i predložiti model rada (aktivnosti) s korisnicima koji će osigurati povećanje korištenja NETCONF standarda sa svim njegovim prednostima. Since the beginning of computer networking the administration and configuration of network devices (routers and switches) have been usually performed by using the vendors’ operating systems and their non-standard user CLI (Command Line Interface). This has proven to be a very complex and ineffective solution, especially with fast development and more complexity in the computer networking area. IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) standard organization created in 2006 the NETCONF protocol in order to define the standard solution for command-oriented CLI user interface for the configuration of network devices of different vendors. Apart from classical computer networks, the importance of NETCONF standard occurs also in the application of new upcoming network architectures, such as Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Internet of Things (IoT), and especially in systems requiring high availability (e.g. hospitals, airports and Data Centers). Today, more than ten years after the creation of the NETCONF standard there is the question about the actual acceptance of NETCONF protocol in current networks and about the actual maturity of NETCONF standard. The topic of the doctoral dissertation deals with defining of advantages of the NETCONF standard in order to obtain higher availability of network devices. Besides, the current state of non-implementation of NETCONF standard by world vendors of networking equipment will be defined and recommendations for increase and improvement in implementation will be proposed. Also, the level of nonimplementation by the network equipment users will be determined and the operation model (activities) with the users will be proposed that will assure an increase in the usage of NETCONF standard with all its advantages.

The rapid growth of the Internet is, in part, powered by the broad participation of numerous vendors building network components. All these network devices require that they be properly configured and maintained, which creates a challenge for system administrators of complex networks with a growing variety of heterogeneous devices. This challenge is true for today's networks, as well as for the networking architectures of the future, such as Named Data Networking (NDN). This paper gives a preliminary design of an NDNconf framework, an adaptation of a recently developed NETCONF protocol, to realize unified configuration and management for NDN. The presented design is built leveraging the benefits provided by NDN, including the structured naming shared among network and application layers, stateful data retrieval with name-based interest forwarding, in-network caching, data-centric security model, and others. Specifically, the configuration data models, the heart of NDNconf, the elements of the models and models themselves are represented as secured NDN data, allowing fetching models, fetching configuration data that correspond to elements of the model, and issuing commands using the standard Interest-Data exchanges. On top of that, the security of models, data, and commands are realized through native data-centric NDN mechanisms, providing highly secure systems with high granularity of control.

The rapid growth of IoT (Internet of Things) makes life better, but it can be a burden for IoT users to manage heterogeneous IoT devices in a timely and appropriate manner. In this paper, we propose an IoT device configuration translator for IoT-cloud services that enables IoT users who do not have expertise in IoT environments to efficiently configure their IoT devices. The user's high-level configuration based on natural language is delivered to the translator in IoT-cloud platform using NETCONF (Network Configuration Protocol). The translator, which is designed with three components using automata theory and database mapping information, translates the high-level configuration into a low-level configuration applicable to the IoT devices. This allows IoT users to configure their IoT devices without considering which protocols and platforms they work on.

Part 1: Regular Papers; International audience; Next generation networks – spanning from wide area networks to intra-datacenters – are expected to encompass devices and sub-devices from different vendors. Inter operability and vendor neutrality are now key topics for researchers and companies as a way to reduce costs avoiding to be tied to a single vendor. Also the management system is expected to be disaggregated from the hardware and possibly developed by a different company. An example is the white box, which disaggregates the software from the hardware and can be composed of modules from different vendors. Currently, NETCONF – based on YANG – is the protocol considered for the (re)configuration of white boxes. Discussions are being carried on to identify commonly agreed information models to guarantee vendor-neutral configuration and management of next generation networks.In addition, emerging services (e.g., 5G) will impose the involvement of a variety of technologies (e.g., networks, datacenters) and resources (e.g., compute, storage, radio). Such heterogeneity will imply the cooperation of several business actors to bring services to the users. In such a scenario, the management of resources will require their abstraction in order to satisfy confidentiality as well as to increase scalability and, again, to provide information that is neutral with respect to the related vendor and technology.In this paper, we propose to use NETCONF also for the exchange of resource information among different business actors considering the several network segments (wide area network, data centers, radio segment) involved in a 5G vertical. To this purpose, resource abstraction is proposed based on a YANG data model. An experiment will involve the (re)configuration of a wide area network composed of white boxes. Moreover, resource information (virtual links) will be exchanged through NETCONF with the objective of orchestrating resources.

Many of the telecommunication companies aim to support Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) to manage their large network in cloud-native environment. The NETCONF protocol provides automation and security using permanent SSH and TLS connections as well as cloudnative brings scalability advantages. However, supporting the NETCONF protocol in cloud-native environment represents challenges since the NETCONF protocol is not stateless. The thesis implements a proof of concept for cloud-native Network Configuration Protocol and investigates issues of such an implementation. The approach in this thesis is to have two implementations of standard Network Configuration Protocol and Network Configuration Protocol Call Home in cloud-native environment. A solution is applied together with these implementations by terminating the permanent established sessions in the end of messaging. The evaluations are made by analysing changing number of connections and events per connection in the both implementations. Based on the evaluation of the proof of concept, the results indicate that terminating the established NETCONF sessions in the end of messaging is an operable solution. However, it is also observed that throughput and CPU could be limitations for such an implementation in cloud-native environment. In addition, it must be considered that authentication time is affected based on chosen security provider.

A novel and practical threshold-based extension of streaming telemetry that advances open WDM analytics and introduces network verification, is demonstrated employing an extensible NOS application agent combined with standard NETCONF/YANG and open-source software technologies.

The essential changes that have taken place over the past decade in the field of telecommunications present new requirements for the educational institutions laboratory complexes management. The modern management concept "Infrastructure as Code"(Infrastructure as Code, IaC) proclaims the usage of a single and universal approach for programmatic management of all components of the communication and computing infrastructure. One of the most common ways to implement this approach is based on the representation of managed unit's configurations in the form of specially marked-up records that form the configuration management database. In this case, process of infrastructure components control is nothing more then sequence of transactions that can be performed for this database records, both locally or remotely - by using network management protocols. The implementation of solutions based on modern universal protocols and network management tools will be complicated when the controlled components do not support modern network management protocols and are separated by the institution's intranet. As one of the possible approaches to solving these problems, we consider the use of gateway communication servers as part of the training classes, which will be able to implement dynamic configuration management of special laboratory equipment of the training class and to provide information interaction between the components of the laboratory complex. The paper considers the choice of control protocols for the gateway server, as well as tools for managing communication infrastructures, and presents an implementation option for this approach for integrating special laboratory equipment of the IRIT RTF at Ural Federal University laboratory classes into a single software-defined laboratory complex. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

The master thesis deals with the design of a system for local and remote administration ofthe open-source DNS resolver Knot Resolver, which is characterized by unusually highmodularity and is implemented by several separate independent processes configuredby Lua language. The thesis presents the problems associated with the administrationof Knot Resolver and proposes a solution within the system based on the NETCONFprotocol. A data model is created using the YANG language to define configuration andadministrative operations. Toolsets libyang, sysrepo and netopeer2, based on the openstandards of the NETCONF protocol and the YANG modeling language, are used todesign and implement the system.

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard organization created in 2006 the NETCONF (Network Configuration Protocol) in order to define the standard solution for command-oriented CLI (Command Line Interface) user interface for the configuration of network devices (routers and switches) of different vendors. Using the NETCONF standard should enable standardized, simpler, programmatic and more efficient configuration of R/S (router/switch) devices. Today, more than ten years after the creation of the NETCONF standard there is the question about the actual acceptance of the NETCONF standard by vendors on their R/S devices and about the actual maturity of the NETCONF standard. The scope of this paper is to show results of the scientific research (qualitative with interviews) made with major worldwide vendors of network devices (routers and switches): on which type of devices the NETCONF is implemented, what are the reasons for NETCONF (non)implementation, the availability of the NETCONF training and documentation, etc. Also, it is shown (quantitative research with questionnaire) how major customers in Croatia see the vendors’ implementation of the NETCONF standard and how it could be improved.

In this chapter, we introduce the concept of Software-Defined Networks (SDNs). We begin with a brief overview of the current state of the Internet and routing approaches, including existing standards. Current state-of-the-art protocols have drawbacks in terms of dynamic and efficient configuration. SDN aims to overcome these disadvantages by separating the network into a control plane and a data plane. We explain this new architecture and provide example use cases that can be realized with SDN. We follow this introduction to SDN with an overview of different technologies for control and data planes. The focus will be on the OpenFlow protocol, which has taken on a dominant role in SDN. In addition, we highlight major alternatives, such as NETCONF, and the emerging P4 data plane programming language.

Use of disaggregated equipment in optical transport networks is emerging as an attractive solution to bring flexibility and break vendor lock-in dependencies. The disaggregation process requires standard protocols and interfaces between the control plane and network equipment. NETCONF has been selected as the standard protocol, and multiple initiatives are currently working on the definition of standard models for each type of data plane device. Different levels of disaggregation of the data plane are under evaluation, and it is still not clear up to which level it will be useful to disaggregate the data plane. The disaggregation of optical networks yielded the development of several controllers based on software-defined networking concepts, providing an environment for creating and deploying networking application on optical networks. Among them, the Open Network Operating System (ONOS) controller features the most active community with the recent establishment of the Open and Disaggregated Transport Network (ODTN) working group, specifically focused on the introduction of required functionality to control and monitor disaggregated transport networks. This paper reports on the state-of-the-art, potentials, and limitations of the ONOS controller applied to disaggregated optical networks with specific focus on the ongoing activities within the ODTN working group. Then, the paper describes a set of experiments performed on a setup including both emulated and real optical devices controlled with ONOS. The performed experiments consider both the establishment of a connectivity service and the recovery of the connectivity in case of failure on the data plane. (C) 2019 Optical Society of America

Sliceable transponders (S-BVTs) are expected to increase flexibility of elastic optical networks by providing multiple independent optical flows that can be routed based on operators needs and traffic. The support of several transmission modes (e.g., modulation format, coding, baud rate) also enables to adapt the transmission to the physical layer characteristics. Thus, a proper control of the S-BVT configuration is mandatory, as well as the monitoring of optical flows and the management of monitoring information. NETCONF, based on YANG modeling language, is emerging as a software defined networking protocol supporting configuration messages as well as messages to exchange monitoring information within the management system. This paper presents control and management of sliceable transponders through NETCONF and YANG. Three operation, administration, and maintenance (OAM) procedures are presented to guarantee the maintenance of services in the presence of faults or physical layer degradations: centralized , hierarchical , and a scheme based on preprogrammed OAM. A YANG model enabling the preprogrammed OAM is proposed. Simulations show that hierarchical and preprogrammed OAM provide faster reaction time to degradations.

Recent technological advances in the telecommunications industry have led to discovering the limitations of traditional communication networks and, in this context, to the emergence of a new paradigm that tries to mitigate them, namely software defined networking (SDN). SDN is beginning to infiltrate all the aspects of a network, and all kind of networks, from LANs, campus, enterprise, or mobile operator networks. Since this field is not mature yet, the interest from the academia and industry is very strong, thus having the right tools for research is critical. In this respect, mininet is a very good simulator of software defined networks. A software switch that can emulate optical extensions of SDN has emerged and has been integrated with mininet: LINC-OE. There is a need in the research community for a software switch that can be integrated with mininet and used to emulate wireless transport networks. This paper proposes a solution for that need by extending the LINC-OE for wireless transport: LINC-WE. In this context, two approaches are considered: the first is emulating the wireless links between two nodes and the other is integrating the LINC switch with a NETCONF server, for being able to expose a wireless transport device information model for simulations.

Today, home appliances like air-conditions, ovens, refrigerators, and washing machines, become more and more intelligent, enabling homeowners to monitor and manage them remotely. However, the plethora of different and usually proprietary interfaces provided by the manufacturers makes it difficult to build smart home and smart city applications that involve the concurrent remote management of multiple home appliances. In this work, we categorize the basic characteristics of the available intelligent home appliances and propose YANG models that describe these characteristics. NETCONF experimental demonstrations are carried out to display the control and management capabilities of the technologies applied.

With the emerge of the software-defined networking paradigm, the Internet Engineering Task Force has standardized a new network configuration management protocol called NETCONF. Besides all features required for configuration management, the NETCONF is suitable for time-sensitive networking, since it provides event notification, validation capabilities, and filtering mechanisms. Knowing all of this, there must be a NETCONF client developed in any programming language running on any platform. However, there is no NETCONF client developed in C++ programming language for both Windows and Linux. In this article, such an implementation is described.

In a new paradigm of software-defined networking, NETCONF protocol takes a completely new role. The NETCONF protocol existed before the new paradigm of programmable networks and used in various purposes. In a domain of the programmable network, it is used as a southbound interface. With the YANG (yet another new generation) modeling language, NETCONF protocol has the ability to model configuration data for network elements. The lack of resources in embedded systems forces network developers to minimize data models on the network elements. In this paper the communication between client and server on NETCONF protocol, as well as usage of the YANG models to overcome the resource shortages, are described.

There are many association rules mining studies that focus on datasets consisting of only discrete or binary valued attributes. However, the data in many real-world applications are generally composed of quantitative or numeric values and classical association rule mining methods do not automatically work without preprocessing that disrupt the real data. It becomes a very hard problem to automatically mine high-quality rules in terms of many metrics. Recently, some researchers have considered numeric association rule mining as a multi-objective problem that best meets different criteria at the same time. In this paper, the parameter analysis of differential evolution based MODENAR, which is one of the few methods using multi-objective evolutionary algorithms for numeric association rules and aims to maximize support, confidence, comprehensibility, and amplitude of the ranges of attributes. For this purpose, the effects of the parameters of MODENAR such as population size, crossover rate, threshold solutions, and weight for support and confidence to the number of rules obtained, average support, confidence, lift, conviction, certainty factor, netconf, yulesQ, and the coverage percentage in five real-world data whose attributes consist of numeric values are carried out for the first time in this study.

Relatório do trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia de Redes de Comunicação e Multimédia Submitted by Sónia Mestre (sonia.mestre@isel.pt) on 2019-08-30T20:35:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_2028.pdf: 1230234 bytes, checksum: c63cd48f2801634cfca3fdac8b63154b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-30T20:35:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_2028.pdf: 1230234 bytes, checksum: c63cd48f2801634cfca3fdac8b63154b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-07-22 N/A

We present an SDM network and node architecture based on sliceable spatial-mode, spatial-core and spectral transceivers, and a centralized SDN controller with NETCONF and TAPI for the management of SDM super-channels by multiple NFVorchestrators.

The proposal of using Software Defined Networking (SDN) techniques for operating optical transport networks has received a lot of attention. This approach provides centralised planning and control of network resources while collecting status and telemetry from the network to provide feedback and help with planning the delivery of services and optimising the network. A key component of SDN is how the central planning and management components communicate with the network equipment. The current approaches depend on a data model for each device, protocol, or component that is being controlled. These data models are most often written in the YANG language and passed between controller and device using the NETCONF protocol. Over the last several years a number of different standards organisations and open source initiatives have developed distinct modelling approaches for use in optical transport networks. Although the objectives are always the same, the models differ in details and high-level architecture meaning that equipment vendors, network management system developers, and network operators have to make choices or be faced with a complex ecosystem. It would be helpful if the various models and approaches could be consolidated to reduce the options while retaining flexible, high function. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the different data models available with a view to helping decision-makers understand the choices available.

Model-driven development (MDD) and model driven engineering (MDE) are techniques where abstract models are used to represent the important components of any infrastructure. IEC61850 is used as a model driven architecture on which to base substation design, the configuration of instrumentation and the final implementation. The IEEE are standardizing YANG for Ethernet and the data communications industry are beginning to use YANG models as the basis for network configuration, with NETCONF as a configuration and state assessment protocol. Information may be extracted from IEC61850 SCL files which can be used to create YANG models to dynamically build an abstract representation of the required network. This creates a vendor-neutral generalized solution to automate the specification and configuration of data communications network devices in electrical substations.

The first version of SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) was created in 1988 by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) as a standard for network management. However, SNMPv1 (and its newer versions 2, 2c and 3) since its beginning has been used mainly only for the network monitoring and very rarely for the configuration of network devices (routers and switches) with its SET commands. Since the beginning of computer networking, the configuration of network devices (routers and switches) has been usually performed by using the vendors’ operating systems and their non-standard user CLI (Command Line Interface). This has proven to be a very complex and ineffective solution, especially with fast development and more complexity in the computer networking area. To solve these issues, IETF standard organization created in 2006 the NETCONF protocol in order to define the standard solution for command-oriented CLI user interface for the configuration of network devices of different vendors. Today, more than ten years after the creation of the NETCONF standard there is the question about the actual acceptance of NETCONF protocol in current networks and about the actual maturity of NETCONF standard. The scope of this paper is to compare three ways of configuring the network devices: non standard CLI, standards SNMP and NETCONF.

Network connectivity in the current industrial sector is becoming more and more complex with the widespread adoption of diverse technologies to fulfill technical requirements. A complete overview of the network is not readily available and often not up-to-date due to the complex topology and heterogeneity in multi-vendor networks. Constraints like these make the management of devices in such networks difficult and troublesome. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging network paradigm which decouples the control and data plane and provides a centralized logical controller for management of network operation by introducing the ability to program the network. However, the inclusion of all the information still remains a burden due to the heterogeneous nature of the network. This paper analyzes existing methods in order to obtain actual and detailed topology information of the network system and also analyzes the potential of SDN for legacy devices.

This draft presents a technique to securely provision a networking device when it is booting in a factory-default state. Variations in the solution enables it to be used on both public and private networks. The provisioning steps are able to update the boot image, commit an initial configuration, and execute arbitrary scripts to address auxiliary needs. The updated device is subsequently able to establish secure connections with other systems. For instance, a device may establish NETCONF (RFC 6241) and/or RESTCONF (RFC 8040) connections with deployment-specific network management systems.

This document extends the NETCONF protocol defined in RFC 6241 in order to support the Network Management Datastore Architecture defined in RFC 8342. This document updates both RFC 6241 and RFC 7950. The update to RFC 6241 adds new operations and , and augments existing operations , , and . The update to RFC 7950 requires the usage of I-D.ietf-netconf-rfc7895bis by NETCONF servers implementing the Network Management Datastore Architecture. RFC Ed.: Please replace "I-D.ietf-netconf-rfc7895bis" above with its final RFC assignment and remove this note.

We propose an approach based on local reconfigurations for restoration in disaggregated SDN optical networks. The approach is innovative since it does not involve the controller during the failure without requiring distributed path computation intelligence.

ONOS discovers and manages a topology made of Transponders and a dedicated OLS, using standard protocols (NETCONF/RESTCONF) and models (OpenConfig/TAPI). The demo is a joint collaboration, towards production deployment, between 3 operators and 2 equipment vendors., © 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.

The proposed demonstration will showcase a live testing of the northbound API on optical DCI equipment which is compliant with the NETCONF network configuration protocol and OpenConfig YANG data models.

Next generation networks are evolving towards disaggregated schemes, where the structure of the optical nodes presents multiple components to be combined and built into a complete solution (i.e., white-box concept). In such a scenario, operators and service providers are supporting vendor neutrality to enhance devices interoperability, simplify the control-plane operation and reduce network costs. OpenConfig is a working group of network operators focused on the definition of a set of vendor-neutral data models allowing dynamicity and programmability of the infrastructure by means of software-defined networking paradigm. Moreover, the telemetry functionality is a novel solution for network monitoring in which real time data and statistics are efficiently streamed from devices.In this paper, we propose an open-source implementation of an OpenConfig NETCONF agent enhanced with telemetry. The adoption of the gRPC-based telemetry allows the streaming of monitoring parameters from the transponders. In fact, the controller is able to request the streaming of one or more selected parameter(s), on demand and with proper granularity, in order to detect and localize the presence of a fault or identify hardware degradation. The implemented telemetry-enabled NETCONF agent for transponders has been experimentally validated over an Elastic Optical Networks (EON) scenario, highlighting the main functionalities and the effectiveness of the proposed solution.

During the recent years, utilizing programmable APIs and YANG data model for service configuration and monitoring of TCP/IP open network devices from a centralized network management system as an alternative to SNMP based network management solutions has gained popularity among service providers and network engineers. However, both SNMP and YANG lacks any data model for tracing the routes between different routers inside and outside the network that has not addressed. Having a centralized traceroute tool provides a central troubleshooting point in the network. And rather than having to individually connect to each router terminal, traceroute can be invoked remotely on different routers. And the responses can be collected on the network management system. The aim of this thesis is to develop a centralized traceroute tool called Trace that invokes traceroute CLI tool with a unique syntax from a centralized network management system on a TCP/IP router, traces the hops and BGP AS and measures RTT between a router and specific destination and returns the response back to the network management system. And evaluates the possibility of utilizing this traceroute tool along with YANG based network management solutions. This implementation has shown that YANG based data models enables a unique syntax on the network management system for invoking traceroute command on different TCP/IP devices. This unique syntax can be used to invoke the traceroute CLI command on the routers with the different operating systems. And the evaluation has shown that using NETCONF as an API between the network management system and the network devices, enables the Trace to be utilized in YANG and NETCONF based network management solutions.

Configuration of network devices is a challenging problem, due to the enormous number of devices and the diversity of parameters not only among different vendors but also among different versions from the same vendor. The remarkable growth in the internet of things (IoT) has contributed more to the heterogeneity of network devices. NETCONF is emerging as a configuration protocol, which makes use of YANG data model to describe network elements to be configured. In this paper, we propose the use of ontology to facilitate the analysis of configuration information of network devices, and simplify of network device configuration. We used the web ontology language (OWL) to form the semantics of the device configuration domain (e.g. switch or router) then we used the yang models of network devices to develop ontology based information extraction. This can be illustrated through the exercises done on various network elements.

The operation and management of network is facing increasing complexities brought by the evolution of network protocols and the demands of rapid service delivery. In this paper, we propose a programmable network management architecture, which manages network based on NETCONF protocol and provides REST APIs to upper layer so that further programming can be done based on the APIs to implement flexible management. Functions of devices can be modeled based on YANG language, and the models can be translated into REST APIs. We apply it to the management of ADN (Address Driven Network), an innovative network architecture proposed by Tsinghua University to inhibit IP spoofing, improve network security and provide high service quality. We model the functions of ADN based on YANG language, and implement the network management functions based on the REST APIs. We deploy and evaluate it in a laboratory environment. Test result shows that the programmable network management architecture is flexible to implement management for new network services.

Modern networks consisting of various heterogeneous equipment are often installed in a distributed manner. Thus the NETCONF standard was established to manage networks centrally and efficiently. In this paper, we present a method that integrates each NETCONF layer into a single system based on the results of previous studies. In the RPC Layer, an asynchronous communication channel and parallel processes are possible using multi-threading. In the Operation Layer, operational efficiency is increased by using a data group with dependencies between the equipment configuration data and by improving the data structure, enabling efficiently processing of XML queries even with multiple managers. The data modeling techniques and grouping methods in the Content Layer are presented in detail for interoperability between the Operation Layer and the Content Layer. Finally, the GUI program was implemented and its implementation is reported. We performed an experiment comparing the improved NETCONF with the standard NETCONF to measure factors, such as query processing ratio, query processing speed, and CPU utilization. The improved NETCONF demonstrated excellent query processing ratio and query processing speed, whereas the standard NETCONF had excellent CPU utilization.

IoT technologies are being rapidly adopted for manufacturing automation, remote machine diagnostics, prognostic health management of industrial machines and supply chain management. A recent on-demand model of manufacturing that is leveraging IoT technologies is called Cloud-Based Manufacturing. We propose a Software-Defined Industrial Internet of Things (SD-IIoT) platform for as a key enabler for cloud-manufacturing, allowing flexible integration of legacy shop floor equipment into the platform. SD-IIoT enables access to manufacturing resources and allows exchange of data between industrial machines and cloud-based manufacturing applications.

Optical Networks are composed of multiple devices, from multiple vendors. Normally these networks have a huge transmission capacity. The Slicing of Optical Networks is not a new concept, but continues to be very important, since the capacity of Optical Networks keeps evolving. Most of the time the slicing is manually configured by system operators. Besides being laborious and error-prone, such configuration limits the clients’ ability to customize and configure the network according to their own needs. One way out of this problem is to separate from these devices the control of and the data from the planes. The Software Defined Networks (SDNs) propose the separation of planes while also offering network operators the flexibility to create and manage applications, enabling them to reduce the network costs by globally optimizing the network’s resources, reducing the staff needed to configure it, and contributing for less violation of the service level agreement (SLA). SDN can also help operators to maximize their profit by generating more revenue through mechanisms that increase availability and failure resiliency, maximize throughput, allow for fast dynamic reprovisioning and enable network virtualization. The goal of this paper is to propose a Software Defined Optical Networks Slicing Architecture (SONA) extension (eSONA). that permits defining components such as topology manager, inventory manager, slice manager and path provisioner, and thus enable Optical Networks slicing. It has proved to be capable of managing different slices and provisioning a path on a given slice over the same physical optical network. It has showed an excellent performance, taking little time to provision paths, even with a large number of nodes, which are crucial for optical environments.

We present an open design of a filterless add/drop reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer module with a NETCONF northbound interface. Compared to commercial offerings, the device design is openly documented and available for detailed inspection. Performance is evaluated with up to seven adjacent high-speed 100 Gbps signals on a 50 GHz frequency grid.

Multi-vendor interoperability and disaggregation are attracting the interest of network operators as a way to avoid vendor lock-in, thus opening the market and, possibly, reducing costs. NETCONF, in concert with YANG data models, has been identified as the software defined networking (SDN) configuration protocol for these networks. Currently, several YANG models describe devices in a vendor-neutral way; however, there is a lack of YANG models describing functions. Moreover, the centralization of the control plane may suffer from scalability issues during critical situations (e.g., link failures), given that several restoration requests will arrive at the SDN controller close in time. This paper investigates an innovative paradigm of restoration for disaggregated SDN networks named delegated restoration, which operates in a hybrid centralized–distributed manner. Before a failure occurs, the backup lightpath is centrally computed by the SDN controller, and, based on this computation, the controller informs the network devices (switches and transponders), through NETCONF, of the reconfigurations to perform in case of failure. Simulations show that delegated restoration can reduce the restoration time with respect to a fully centralized approach, making it a candidate for impacting the operation, administration, and maintenance of next-generation networks.

Study of an unsupervised machine learning approach for the testing results defined by the RFC2544 -ITU.Y1564 standard methodologies and the use of NETCONF protocol to automatically assess traffic parameters required to comply with quality of service level agreements. By doing disruptive and non-disruptive tests for service integrity, a service provider can certify that the working parameters of a delivered Ethernet circuit complies with the end user expectations, to avoid poor application performance. This work focus in an unsupervised learning approach using Expectation Maximization based clustering algorithm. We find that the unsupervised technique used is an excellent tool for exploring and classify service parameters like frame delay, frame delay variation, packet high loss intervals, availability and throughput. A correlation of parameters with the type of service required for the network flows (real time IP for data, video and voice applications) can be applied to automatically set bandwidth profiles. The bandwidth profiles can be configured per port, VLAN and CoS based, in one or multiple EVCs (Ethernet Virtual Circuits) per UNI device port. For the setup we adopt the Yang data modeling language and XML NETCONF message encoding protocol, followed by a delayed or an optional non-delayed orchestrated activation in the network devices via multiple NETCONF transactions.

Network Management is a critical process for an enterprise to configure and monitor the network devices using cost effective methods. It is imperative for it to be robust and free from adversarial or accidental security flaws. With the advent of cloud computing and increasing demands for centralized network control, conventional management protocols like SNMP appear inadequate and newer techniques like NMDA and NETCONF have been invented. However, unlike SNMP which underwent improvements concentrating on security, the new data management and storage techniques have not been scrutinized for the inherent security flaws. In this paper, we identify several vulnerabilities in the widely used critical infrastructures which leverage the Network Management Datastore Architecture design (NMDA). Software Defined Networking (SDN), a proponent of NMDA, heavily relies on its datastores to program and manage the network. We base our research on the security challenges put forth by the existing datastore's design as implemented by the SDN controllers. The vulnerabilities identified in this work have a direct impact on the controllers like OpenDayLight, Open Network Operating System and their proprietary implementations (by CISCO, Ericsson, RedHat, Brocade, Juniper, etc). Using our threat detection methodology, we demonstrate how the NMDA-based implementations are vulnerable to attacks which compromise availability, integrity, and confidentiality of the network. We finally propose defense measures to address the security threats in the existing design and discuss the challenges faced while employing these countermeasures.

This memo provides guidelines for authors and reviewers of specifications containing YANG data model modules. Recommendations and procedures are defined, which are intended to increase interoperability and usability of Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) and RESTCONF protocol implementations that utilize YANG data model modules. This document obsoletes RFC 6087.

This study experimentally proves the capability of vendor-neutral implementation of a Mobile Transport and Computing Platform (5GT-MTP) to interconnect Virtual Radio Access Network (V-RAN) elements, such as virtual Distributed Unit (vDU) and virtual Central Unit (vCU), in a RANaaS scenario.

An SDN architecture for PON networks is presented and experimentally validated. The architecture enables unified management and multi-tenency exploiting PON abstractions, while uses OpenFlow and Netconf in order to provide a highly automated SDN solution for optical access networks.

With advances on Internet of Things (IoT), network and devices management are needed due to the quantity of devices connected to transmit and collect data. IoT management presents the challenge to control and monitoring heterogeneous network elements, physical or logical, that support different protocols and quality of service (QoS) requirements. Devices interoperability and heterogeneity are key management challenges in IoT scenarios. IoT network management has an issue regarding the diversity of protocols and platforms where a comparative evaluation is difficult to perform due to this lack of standardization. This paper presents a performance evaluation study of open source IoT management platforms using the most popular IoT network management protocols considering real environments. For comparison purposes, the real environment of a smart lighting system is used. The evaluation study considers both qualitative and quantitative metrics. Through the collected data, OpenDayLight (ODL) platform presents the best results considering the use of NETCONF and simple network management protocol (SNMP). It natively supports both IoT network and IoT devices management protocols. It is concluded that ODL platform is a modular platform where it is possible configuring the network management protocols appropriately for each scenario, either it is a scenario that requires real-time management and energy saving or a scenario with low response time and large transfer rate.

We demonstrated a disaggregated multi-granularity optical network by using heterogeneous nodes with different switching matrix structures to enable application performance optimization via YANG and NETCONF. Experimental results verify up to 4.9x acceleration of job completion time