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Although children’s negative affectivity is a temperamental characteristic that is biologically based, it is framed within and shaped by their emotional environments which are partly created by maternal emotion expressivity in the family. Children, in turn, play a role in shaping their family emotional context, which could lead to changes in mothers’ emotion expressivity in the family. However, these theorized longitudinal bidirectional relations between child negative affectivity and maternal positive and negative expressivity have not been studied from toddlerhood to early school-age. The current study utilized a cross-lagged panel model to examine the reciprocal relations between children’s negative affectivity and maternal expressivity within the family over the course of early childhood. Participants were 140 mother–child dyads (72 boys, mean age = 2.67 years, primarily White). Mothers reported the positive and negative expressivity in the family and children’s negative affectivity in toddlerhood (T1), preschool (T2), and school-age (T3). Maternal negative expressivity and child negative affectivity at T1 were significantly correlated. Maternal negative expressivity at T1 significantly predicted child negative affectivity at T3. Children’s negative affectivity at T2 significantly predicted mothers’ negative expressivity at T3. Mothers’ positive expressivity was not related to children’s negative affectivity at any of the three time points. The findings demonstrate the reciprocal relations between children’s negative affectivity and maternal negative expressivity in the family, suggesting the importance of the interplay between child temperament and maternal expressivity within the family emotional context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Children born moderately to late preterm (MLP) are more prone to psychosocial difficulties than their term-born counterparts. Maternal negative affectivity (NA)--a relatively stable personality trait characterized by the tendency to experience negative thoughts, feelings and emotions--has been related to more psychosocial problems in their offspring, and to a lower quality of mother--child interactions. As MLP children seem more sensitive to their early caregiving environment, they might be more affected by maternal NA and interaction style than their term-born peers. The current study investigated whether maternal NA predicted child's psychosocial outcomes through quality of mother--child interaction, and if these associations differed between MLP and term-born children. Methods: The sample consisted of 108 MLP and 92 term-born children and their mothers. At 18 months corrected age, maternal NA was measured using a self-report questionnaire and mother--child interaction was observed during two structured tasks. Five subscales of mother--child interaction were assessed: negative interaction, reciprocal engagement, emotional support, maternal stimulation and mother-led interaction. At 24 months corrected age, social--emotional difficulties, internalizing, and externalizing problems were assessed using mother-report. Results: For MLP children, maternal NA directly, positively, predicted social-- emotional difficulties (b = 0.57) and internalizing problems (b = 0.45), but no mediation effect of mother--child interaction was found. For term-born children, no direct effect but a mediation effect of mother-led interaction was found. Higher levels of maternal NA predicted less mother-led interaction which in turn predicted more problems. Birth status did not moderate any of the relationships, showing that the differences in patterns of effects found within the MLP and term-born group did not reach statistical significance. Discussion: Maternal NA was found to be a risk factor for psychosocial outcomes in toddlers, either directly for MLP children or indirectly through mother-led interaction for term-born children. These findings suggest that the process through which maternal NA affects psychosocial outcomes may be different for MLP and term-born children. However, as the examined moderation effects of birth status did not reach statistical significance, more research using larger sample sizes is needed to study mother--child interaction in greater detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: One way in which individuals construct their narrative identity is by making self‐event connections, which are often linked to better functioning. Being unable to make connections is related to identity discontinuity and psychopathology. Work in the general population corroborates this association, but also highlights the importance of focusing on specific aspects of these connections and on vulnerable populations. Method: We examined the association of self‐event connections with personality functioning in youth with severe psychopathology (cross‐sectional N = 228, Mage = 19.5, longitudinal N = 84), and the role of event and connection valence in the subsample of youth who made a connection (n = 188 and n = 68). Negative affectivity was controlled for in all models. Results: We found no evidence that self‐event connections, nor connection valence and its interaction with event valence, are related to functioning. Positive event valence was associated with better functioning. Higher negative affectivity was strongly linked to lower functioning and explained the relation between event valence and functioning. No longitudinal associations emerged. Conclusions: These findings show that for youth with severe psychopathology making self‐event connections may not be associated with better functioning. Moreover, negative affectivity may be a distal predictor of both event valence and functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To better understand travel and hospitality consumers' purchasing behavior amidst a worldwide emergency commonly referenced as COVID-19, the present research set out to assess the impacts of sensation-seeking, consumer affect, and risk-taking attitude on consumers' willingness to purchase travel-related activities. A sample of 775 adult U.S. consumers were recruited with the help of a professional research consulting company. Simple and multiple regression analyses were performed for the purpose of hypotheses testing. Results demonstrate that individuals with higher sensation-seeking levels, lower negative affectivity, and who identify themselves as risk-takers are more willing to engage in various travel and commercial hospitality activities. Furthermore, sensation-seeking proves to be the most influential factor in driving consumers' willingness to purchase amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors conclude by proposing a typology (illustrated in two different grids) of consumers based on their levels of sensation-seeking (high vs. low), affect (positive vs. negative), and risk-taking attitude (high vs. low). Theoretically, the model helps predict which consumers are most likely to engage in travel-related activities despite of the challenges posed by global pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prenatal maternal anxiety is considered a risk factor for the development of child internalizing problems. However, little is known about potential mechanisms that account for these associations. The current study examined whether prenatal maternal anxiety was indirectly associated with toddler internalizing problems via prenatal maternal physiology and infant negative affectivity. We examined these associations in a longitudinal study of 162 expectant mothers from their third trimester until 18 months postpartum. Path analyses showed that higher prenatal anxiety was associated with higher infant negative affectivity at 7 months, which in turn was associated with higher toddler internalizing problems at 18 months. Prenatal anxiety was not indirectly associated with child outcomes via baseline or task-evoked respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in response to an infant cry while pregnant. However, pregnant women with greater decreases in task-evoked RSA had toddlers with greater internalizing problems, which was mediated by infant negative affectivity at 7 months. Findings suggest that prenatal anxiety and RSA reactivity to an infant cry may be independent risk factors for the development of infant negative affectivity, which in turn increases risk for toddler internalizing problems. These findings contribute to a growing literature on mechanisms that underlie intergenerational transmission of internalizing problems.

Study Objectives: To explore the interplay between infant temperament, sleep characteristics, and bedtime practices., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving a large sample of 9-13 month old infants (N = 623). Sleep data were collected through auto-videosomnography, allowing for objective, non-invasive assessment of sleep in an infants' ecological environment. Infant temperament and bedtime practices were assessed with questionnaires completed by parents., Results: Results revealed significant correlations between negative affectivity and disrupted sleep patterns, including shorter sleep duration, more night awakenings, and increased parental interventions. Infants falling asleep while being breast/bottle feeding or while being hold/rocked had shorter nocturnal sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, later bedtime, earlier wake up time, and more parent interventions. Regression analyses indicated that bedtime practices accounted for a substantial portion of variance in sleep metrics, emphasizing their role in influencing infant sleep., Conclusions: The study highlights the intricate interconnections between infant temperament, sleep, and caregiving practices, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of individual differences to tailor effective parenting strategies for promoting healthy sleep in infants., (© 2024 American Academy of Sleep Medicine.)

IntroductionChildren born moderately to late preterm (MLP) are more prone to psychosocial difficulties than their term-born counterparts. Maternal negative affectivity (NA)–a relatively stable personality trait characterized by the tendency to experience negative thoughts, feelings and emotions–has been related to more psychosocial problems in their offspring, and to a lower quality of mother–child interactions. As MLP children seem more sensitive to their early caregiving environment, they might be more affected by maternal NA and interaction style than their term-born peers. The current study investigated whether maternal NA predicted child’s psychosocial outcomes through quality of mother–child interaction, and if these associations differed between MLP and term-born children.MethodsThe sample consisted of 108 MLP and 92 term-born children and their mothers. At 18 months corrected age, maternal NA was measured using a self-report questionnaire and mother–child interaction was observed during two structured tasks. Five subscales of mother–child interaction were assessed: negative interaction, reciprocal engagement, emotional support, maternal stimulation and mother-led interaction. At 24 months corrected age, social–emotional difficulties, internalizing, and externalizing problems were assessed using mother-report.ResultsFor MLP children, maternal NA directly, positively, predicted social–emotional difficulties (b = 0.57) and internalizing problems (b = 0.45), but no mediation effect of mother–child interaction was found. For term-born children, no direct effect but a mediation effect of mother-led interaction was found. Higher levels of maternal NA predicted less mother-led interaction which in turn predicted more problems. Birth status did not moderate any of the relationships, showing that the differences in patterns of effects found within the MLP and term-born group did not reach statistical significance.DiscussionMaternal NA was found to be a risk factor for psychosocial outcomes in toddlers, either directly for MLP children or indirectly through mother-led interaction for term-born children. These findings suggest that the process through which maternal NA affects psychosocial outcomes may be different for MLP and term-born children. However, as the examined moderation effects of birth status did not reach statistical significance, more research using larger sample sizes is needed to study mother–child interaction in greater detail.

Maladaptive stress responses are important risk factors in the etiology of mood and anxiety disorders, but exact pathomechanisms remain to be understood. Mapping individual differences of acute stress-induced neurophysiological changes, especially on the level of neural activation and functional connectivity (FC), could provide important insights in how variation in the individual stress response is linked to disease risk. Using an established psychosocial stress task flanked by two resting states, we measured subjective, physiological, and brain responses to acute stress and recovery in 217 participants with and without mood and anxiety disorders. To estimate blockwise changes in stress-induced activation and FC, we used hierarchical mixed-effects models based on denoised time series within predefined stress-related regions. We predicted inter- and intraindividual differences in stress phases (anticipation vs. stress vs. recovery) and transdiagnostic dimensions of stress reactivity using elastic net and support vector machines. We identified four subnetworks showing distinct changes in FC over time. FC but not activation trajectories predicted the stress phase (accuracy = 70%, p perm <.001) and increases in heart rate (R 2 = 0.075, p perm <.001). Critically, individual spatiotemporal trajectories of changes across networks also predicted negative affectivity (Δ R 2 = 0.075, p perm =.030) but not the presence or absence of a mood and anxiety disorder. Spatiotemporal dynamics of brain network reconfiguration induced by stress reflect individual differences in the psychopathology dimension of negative affectivity. These results support the idea that vulnerability for mood and anxiety disorders can be conceptualized best at the level of network dynamics, which may pave the way for improved prediction of individual risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the validity of a battery of interpreting aptitude tests comprising the SynCloze test, the Negative Affectivity Scale and the Inventory of Learning Styles in predicting the interpreting performance of Chinese interpreting trainees. The aptitude test battery was conducted at the beginning of the first semester for 68 post-graduate interpreting students in four Chinese interpreter training programs. English-Chinese (E-C) and Chinese-English (C-E) consecutive interpreting (CI) tests that measure the interpreting proficiency of the participants were conducted at the end of the semester. The results of the correlation and regression analysis indicated that the SynCloze test enjoyed statistically significant predictive power for both directions of CI and that its predictive power was stronger for C-E CI (β = 0.70) than for E-C CI (β = 0.48); negative affectivity was found to be a statistically significant predictor for E-C CI (β = −0.21) but not for C-E CI. Neither the meaning-directed nor the reproduction-directed learning style could predict interpreting performance. The implications of the findings are discussed in relation to interpreter selection and training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diversitas (17949998) is the property of Universidad Santo Tomas, Facultad de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is a need to understand developmental and personality vulnerabilities with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among emerging young adults in the community. Conceptual models of non-suicidal self-injury suggest the role of developmental vulnerabilities in mentalization; the ability to understand the mental states of self and others. The sample consisted of 197 participants between the age of 18–25 years, from English medium graduate and post-graduate colleges in Bangalore. They completed measures of NSSI—Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation (FASM), dimensional personality pathology—Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD) and mentalization–Mentalization Questionnaire (MZQ). Among the participants, 28.9% reported having engaged in non-suicidal self-injury in the last 12 months, with 23.34% using 'moderate/severe methods' such as cutting, and 5.6% using only 'minor methods' such as self-hitting. Among the five dimensions of personality on the PiCD, emerging adults with a history of NSSI in the past year reported significantly higher levels of negative affectivity than their non-injuring peers. They also reported lower mentalizing abilities, particularly on the MZQ domains of 'refusing self-reflection,' 'emotional awareness,' and regulation of affect'. The relationship between negative affectivity and NSSI was mediated by mentalization. The implications for comprehensive assessment and interventions for emerging adults engaging in NSSI are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Management & Labor / Yönetim ve Çalışma Dergisi is the property of Yonetim ve Calisma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background To investigate whether physical performance is independently of physical activity (PA) associated with positive and negative dimensions of mental well-being in middle-aged women. Methods Data were drawn from the Estrogenic Regulation of Muscle Apoptosis (ERMA) study in which women 47 to 55 years were randomly selected from the Finnish National Registry. They (n = 909) participated in measurements of physical performance (handgrip force, knee extension force, vertical jumping height, maximal walking speed, and six-minute walking distance). Both mental well-being (the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form and the Satisfaction with Life Scale) and PA were self-reported. Associations between variables were analysed using multivariate linear regression modelling adjusted for body height, fat mass %, menopausal status and symptoms, marital status, parity, employment status, self-reported mental disorders, and use of psycholeptics and psychoanaleptics. PA was then entered into a separate model to explore its role in the associations. Results In the adjusted models, significant positive associations of six-minute walking distance with positive affectivity (B = 0.12, p = 0.002) and life satisfaction (B = 0.15, p = 0.033) were observed. No significant associations were observed between physical performance and depressive symptoms or negative affectivity. PA was positively associated with positive affectivity and life satisfaction and negatively with depressive symptoms across all the physical performance variables. Conclusions Of the physical performance dimensions, aerobic component was associated with positive mental well-being independently of PA level. In relation to other physical performance components, the results point to the benefits of physical activity for mental well-being.

Background of the study: It has been observed that there is knowledge gap on how librarians’ affectivity and social adjustment predict user relation. Moreover, it has been shown overtime that human’s behavioural qualities may have a possible effect on interaction with people. All of these concerns necessitate this study. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between affectivity, social adjustment and Nigerian librarians’ user relation. Method: The authors adopt correlational research design and web-based questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Purposive sampling technique was adopted for the study. The total response rate was 178. Findings: It was found in the study that negative affectivity such as threat and hostility have poor effect on user relation. Contrastingly, it was revealed that positive affectivity such as subjective well-being and happiness ensure optimal library user relation. It was revealed that Nigerian librarians see opportunities in user relation, which can be used to improve the library image and effective service inside. Conclusion: It was established that affectivity has statistically significant relationship with user relation. Also, it was shown that social adjustment has statistical significant relationship with user relation.

The Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale – Short Form (PERS-S) is a psycho-diagnostic tool that assesses ease of activation, intensity, and duration of negative and positive emotions.Objective of the study is to validate the Russian version of the PERS-S and to present its psychometric properties.Patients and methods. The validation study was performed on a non-clinical sample (268 participants, aged 18–55 years). The factor structure of the scale was verified with confirmatory factor analysis using the robust maximum likelihood estimation. Convergent and divergent validity were assessed based on the relationship between the PERS-S scales with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, the Perceived Stress Scale and the Emotional Reactivity scale (Formal Characteristics of Behaviour- Temperament Inventory). The Cronbach's alpha (α) was used to evaluate the reliability of the PERS-S. Results and discussion. The structural 6-factors model was consistent [χ2/df=1.77; CFI=0.935; TLI=0.917; RMSEA=0.060 (90% CI: 0.047–0.073); SRMR=0.058]. The 6-factors model with 2 two major factors showed satisfactory results [χ2/df=2.19; CFI=0.894; TLI=0.875; RMSEA=0.074 (90% CI 0.062–0.086); SRMR=0.092]. The reliability of the PERS-S was high for the two composite scales and five subscales (α>0.70). The reliability of the «Positive-intensity» subscale was satisfactory (α=0.58). The analysis of psychometric properties of the two tested models indicated the possibility of using the PERS-S six correlated subscales as well as the PERS-S with two composite scales, each of which consists of three subscales, in scientific research and clinical practice.Conclusion. The Russian version of the PERS-S is a valid and reliable tool for measuring emotional reactivity and its aspects.

Bror M Ranum,1 Lars Wichstrøm,1,2 Ståle Pallesen,3,4 Jonas Falch-Madsen,1 Silje Steinsbekk1 1Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 2Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; 3Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; 4Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, NorwayCorrespondence: Bror M RanumDepartment of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7049, NorwayTel +4795156994Email bror.ranum@ntnu.noPurpose: Many children have periods when they sleep too little, with widely recognized detrimental effects. Less is known about persistent short sleep during childhood. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of persistent short sleep in school-aged children and identify a set of child, parent, and peer predictors thereof.Participants and Methods: Objectively measured sleep duration (hip-held accelerometer) was biennially assessed in a community sample followed from 6 to 14 years (n=801). A latent profile analysis was applied to assess whether a subgroup of children slept consistently short across time and predictors of persistent short sleep were determined through regression analysis.Results: A subgroup of children (n=160; 20.2%) was identified as having persistent short sleep across time. Temperamental negative affectivity (β=0.08; 95% CI=0.01, 0.15; p=0.03) and low observer-assessed parental emotional availability (β=− .09; 95% CI=− .18, − .01; p=0.04) predicted membership to that group. Teacher ratings of victimization from bullying were not associated with persistent short sleep (β=0.01; 95% CI: − .10, 11; p=0.88).Conclusion: High child temperamental negative affectivity and low parental emotional availability may be involved in the development of persistent short sleep through childhood.Keywords: actigraphy, childhood, early adolescence, parental emotional availability, prospective cohort study, negative affectivity, sleep duration, insufficient sleep, victimization from bullying

This study used a cross-sectional study design to investigate whether the mindfulness trait was a protective factor against problematic smartphone use (PSPU) of early adolescents, and whether negative affectivity and fear of missing out (FoMO) mediated this relationship. The study selected a sample of middle school students (N = 517, 46.03% males, Mage = 13.81, SD = 1.40) in China. The results of the structural equation modelling indicated that (a) mindfulness significantly and negatively predicted PSPU, (b) FoMO played a mediating role between mindfulness and PSPU, (c) negative affectivity (including depression and anxiety) played a mediating role between mindfulness and PSPU, but loneliness did not, and (d) negative affectivity and FoMO played a chain-mediated role, and depression, anxiety, and loneliness played a chain-mediated role with FoMO between mindfulness and PSPU. We discuss the possibility that high levels of mindfulness in early adolescents may reduce the short-term effects of problematic smartphone use by reducing negative emotions and FoMO and relate our results to an emphasis on the role of enhanced mindfulness in long-term internal self-regulation and well-being. Findings have implications for individuals and schools for PSPU prevention and intervention.

Empirical and anecdotal evidence suggests that many athletic trainers (ATs) are former athletes and selected the profession because of its affiliation with sport. Qualitative research has indicated that collegiate ATs may have a strong athletic identity, but the concept of athletic identity has not been quantified in this population. To quantitatively assess the athletic identity of collegiate ATs and determine if group differences exist. Cross-sectional observational study. Collegiate clinical setting. A total of 255 (n = 93 men [36%], n = 162 women [63%]; n = 2 did not indicate sex [1%]) ATs employed in the collegiate setting. Data were collected via a web-based survey platform that was designed to measure athletic identity. Demographic information was analyzed for frequency and distribution. Mann-Whitney U tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were calculated to determine if group differences existed. The large majority of respondents (90%) self-identified as having participated in organized sport and yet scored moderately on the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (22.9 ± 7.9). No sex differences were present in overall athletic identity (P =.446), but women had higher levels of negative affectivity (P =.045) than men. Testing also revealed group differences based on current employment setting for social identity (P =.020), with scores for those in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I less than those in Division II, Division III, and the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics. Exclusivity in NCAA Division III was lower (P =.030) than that in NCAA Division II and National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics ATs. Components of athletic identity appeared to vary based on the employment setting of collegiate ATs and may be related to the number of hours worked in the summer. The moderate athletic identity scores of collegiate ATs were comparable with those of former athletes who selected career paths outside of sport. This may indicate adaptive career decision processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Previous studies on cyberloafing focus on individual and organization factors, ignoring the situation of employes as the event observers. Drawing on affective events theory (AET), the present study proposed a theoretical model for the relationships among peer abusive supervision, negative affectivity, cyberloafing, and hostile attribute bias, which aims to bridge the above research gap. Methodology: Multiwave data of 355 employes from 8 service-oriented companies in Southwest China supported our model. Time-lag method and critical incident techniques were introduced during the data collection stage. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and bootstrapping method were employed for hypothesis test. Findings: The empirical results indicated that peer abusive supervision was positively related to third party's cyberloafing, and the third party's negative affectivity plays a mediating role among the above relationships. In addition, the third party's hostile attribution bias moderated the mediating role of third party's negative affectivity. Specifically, the effect of peer abusive supervision on third party's negative affectivity and the mediating effect of this negative affectivity were stronger when the third party's hostile attribution bias was higher. Originality: Drawing on AET, the current study constructed a process model of third party's cyberloafing reactions to peer abusive supervision, which helps explain the affective mechanism and the boundary conditions of the above "events-affectivity-behavior" path. Our model is a positive response to previous scholars' calls for research of abusive supervision from multiple perspectives. Meanwhile, the current study explored the antecedent variable of cyberloafing from the perspective of event observers, which provides a theoretical basis for follow-up-related research. Thirdly, this study further expanded the theoretical boundaries of AET. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Work–family conflict is a subject of interest for researchers in the field of organizational behavior for decades because of its negative impact on an individual’s life. The existing literature identified that workplace stressors contribute to work–family conflict and Perceived Organizational Politics emerged as an aversive workplace stressor. From empirical pieces of evidence, it is observed that perceived organizational politics and work–family conflict are indirectly associated with each other, and their impact on employees is unavoidable. To explore this uncovered relationship, at first, this study used a keywords co-occurrence network mapping approach and found that perceived organizational politics and work–family conflict are associated with each through various workplace variables. Further, with the help of a scoping review identify those specific variables, and, lastly, a systematic review approach used to identify a mechanism of how these identified variables form an association between perceived organizational politics and work–family conflict. Based on the findings of the systematic review, this study proposed a conceptual framework that extends the existing literature by providing new insight into concepts of perceived organizational politics by linking it with work–family conflict. This study introduced a novel way to develop a conceptual framework by linking three distinct approaches of research. In the last, this study proposed recommendations for future research.

Background: Employees’ work experience significantly impacts their cognition and workplace actions. Anger and negative affectivity are two personality traits that have been linked to workplace deviant behavior conduct. Objective: This study aimed to empirically analyze the deviant workplace behavior and its antecedents among Malaysian nurses in public hospitals. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed in this study. The survey questionnaires were distributed proportionately to staff nurses in six government hospitals in 2020, with a total of 387 nurses selected using a simple random sampling. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used for data analysis. Results: Trait anger triggered deviant workplace behavior in Malaysian nurses, thus supporting the argument that the personality trait could increase deviant behavior (β = 0.245, p = 0.000). At the same time, there was no evidence that negative affectivity could influence deviant behavior in the workplace among nurses in selected public hospitals in Malaysia (β = 0.074, p = 0.064). Conclusion: The Malaysian nurses had positive affectivity, related to positive emotions like happiness, work interest, and attentiveness. On the other hand, the nurses were suffering from high levels of emotional tiredness. Further research should highlight a deeper understanding of Malaysian nurses’ work experiences and workplace stress affecting their physical and mental health.

PurposePrevious studies on cyberloafing focus on individual and organization factors, ignoring the situation of employes as the event observers. Drawing on affective events theory (AET), the present study proposed a theoretical model for the relationships among peer abusive supervision, negative affectivity, cyberloafing, and hostile attribute bias, which aims to bridge the above research gap.MethodologyMultiwave data of 355 employes from 8 service-oriented companies in Southwest China supported our model. Time-lag method and critical incident techniques were introduced during the data collection stage. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and bootstrapping method were employed for hypothesis test.FindingsThe empirical results indicated that peer abusive supervision was positively related to third party’s cyberloafing, and the third party’s negative affectivity plays a mediating role among the above relationships. In addition, the third party’s hostile attribution bias moderated the mediating role of third party’s negative affectivity. Specifically, the effect of peer abusive supervision on third party’s negative affectivity and the mediating effect of this negative affectivity were stronger when the third party’s hostile attribution bias was higher.OriginalityDrawing on AET, the current study constructed a process model of third party’s cyberloafing reactions to peer abusive supervision, which helps explain the affective mechanism and the boundary conditions of the above “events-affectivity-behavior” path. Our model is a positive response to previous scholars’ calls for research of abusive supervision from multiple perspectives. Meanwhile, the current study explored the antecedent variable of cyberloafing from the perspective of event observers, which provides a theoretical basis for follow-up-related research. Thirdly, this study further expanded the theoretical boundaries of AET.

Connection to nature is positively associated with happiness among adults. However, whether and how connection to nature is associated with children's happiness remains unknown. The current study aims to examine the association between connection to nature and children's happiness and the moderating effect of temperament (negative affectivity and effortful control) on this association. Four hundred fifty-eight children aged 7–12 years and one of their parents participated in this study. Our study found that connection to nature is positively associated with both children's self- and parent-reported happiness. Children's negative affectivity moderates the association between connection to nature and self-reported happiness, and the moderating effect differs by gender. Specifically, the negative affectivity of girls strengthens the association between connection to nature and happiness. These findings highlight the positive impact of connection to nature on children's happiness and the importance of considering children's negative affectivity and gender when exploring the association between connection to nature and positive development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anxiety and irritability frequently co-occur in youth and are mediated by aberrant threat responses. However, empirical evidence on neural mechanisms underlying this co-occurrence is limited. To address this, we apply data-driven latent phenotyping to data from a prior report of a well-validated threat extinction recall fMRI paradigm.Methods: Participants included 59 youth (28 anxiety disorder, 31 healthy volunteers; Mage=13.15 yrs) drawn from a transdiagnostic sample of 331 youth, in which bifactor analysis was conducted to derive latent factors representing shared vs. unique variance of dimensionally-assessed anxiety and irritability. Participants underwent threat conditioning and extinction. Approximately three weeks later, during extinction recall fMRI, participants made threat-safety discriminations under two task conditions: current threat appraisal and explicit recall of threat contingencies. Linear mixed-effects analyses examined associations of a "negative affectivity" factor reflecting shared anxiety and irritability variance with whole-brain activation and task-dependent amygdala connectivity.Results: During recall of threat-safety contingencies, higher negative affectivity was associated with greater prefrontal (ventrolateral/ventromedial, dorsolateral, orbitofrontal), motor, temporal, parietal, and occipital activation. During threat appraisal, higher negative affectivity was associated with greater amygdala-inferior parietal lobule connectivity to threat/safety ambiguity.Limitations: Sample included only healthy youth and youth with anxiety disorders. Results may not generalize to other diagnoses for which anxiety and irritability are also common, and our negative affectivity factor should be interpreted as anxiety disorders with elevated irritability. Reliability of some subfactors was poor.Conclusions: Aberrant amygdala-prefrontal-parietal circuitry during extinction recall of threat-safety stimuli may be a mechanism underlying the co-occurrence of pediatric anxiety and irritability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examined frontal electroencephalography (EEG) asymmetry and negative affectivity (NA) as predictors of infant behaviors during the Still‐Face Paradigm (SFP). It was hypothesized that infants with lower NA subscale scores who also demonstrate greater left frontal activation would exhibit more frequent social engagement and self‐soothing behaviors during the SFP. Mothers reported infant temperament at 6–12 months of age (N = 62), and EEG was recorded during a baseline task and the SFP. Social engagement, distress, and self‐soothing behaviors were coded during the SFP. A three‐factor solution emerged based on exploratory factor analysis of eight infant behaviors. After considering bivariate relations, multiple regression analyses predicting the behavior factor labeled social engagement (containing vocalizations and handwaving; average factor loading =.56) were conducted separately for asymmetry and NA subscales, controlling for infant sex and age. The SFP asymmetry predicted social engagement after controlling for covariates and baseline asymmetry; however, NA subscales (falling reactivity and distress to limitations) did not uniquely explain significant variance. These findings highlight the importance of frontal EEG asymmetry in contributing to emerging social engagement and regulation in infancy. Implications include potentially utilizing asymmetry markers as screening and intervention targets in the first year of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study has two goals. The first goal is to investigate whether a high need for the government-imposed security and social regulation, the acceptance of living in a dictatorship, the limitations and denial of individual freedom and the support to repressive methods and procedures are in such high mutual correlations that they form a coherent latent dimension of the Totalitarian Political Ideology (TPI). The second goal is to examine whether and which of the psychopathy traits (Interpersonal manipulation, Callous affect, Erratic lifestyle, and Antisocial behaviour) and the PANAS (Positive and Negative affect Schedule as a measure of general affectivity) underlie Totalitarian Political Ideology. The research was carried out on a convenience sample of undergraduate and graduate students from the University of Zagreb (N=386). It has been found that the Totalitarian Political Ideology is an internally coherent and reliable pattern of political orientations and values. In order to explore how psychopathic traits and positive and Negative affect are associated with the internalization of the Totalitarian Political Ideology (TPI), multiple regression analysis was conducted. Interpersonal manipulation, Callous affect and Negative affect proved to be significant predictors of the TPI scale in positive directions, whereas Erratic lifestyle was a significant predictor of the TPI scale in the negative direction. About 15% of the variance of the Totalitarian Political Ideology was explained by these personality characteristics. The findings can have both theoretical and practical contributions in understanding the endorsement of totalitarian beliefs.

Aim: The aim of this study was to test whether rumination and negative affectivity mediate the relationship between work-family conflict and nurse-assessed patient safety among intensive care unit nurses., Background: Most intensive care unit nurses experience work-family conflicts that jeopardise patient safety. Although prior studies have explored the effect of work-family conflict on patient safety, few have investigated whether work-family conflict is associated with patient safety through rumination and negative affectivity among intensive care unit nurses., Design: Cross-sectional study., Methods: This study included 209 intensive care unit nurses from five general hospitals. The Work-Family Conflict Scale, the Ruminative Response Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Negative Affectivity, and three items indicating nurses' perception of overall patient safety were used to gather data. Associations between work-family conflict, rumination, negative affectivity, and nurse-assessed patient safety were assessed using correlation and serial multiple mediation analysis., Results: Work-family conflict, rumination, negative affectivity, and nurse-assessed patient safety were significantly correlated (p < 0.01). Work-family conflict can have not only a direct negative impact on the nurse-assessed patient safety (effect = -0.0234; standard error [SE] = 0.0116; 95% confidence interval [CI]: lower limit [LL] = -0.0464, upper limit [UL] = -0.0005) but also an indirect impact on nurse-assessed patient safety through three paths: the independent mediating role of rumination (effect = -0.0118; SE = 0.0063; 95% CI: LL = -0.0251, UL = -0.0006), the independent mediating role of negative affectivity (effect = -0.0055; SE = 0.0039; 95% CI: LL = -0.0153, UL = -0.0001), and the chain-mediating role of rumination and negative affectivity (effect = -0.0078; SE = 0.0031; 95% CI: LL = -0.0152, UL = -0.0027)., Conclusion: Our findings indicated that work-family conflict could influence nurse-assessed patient safety through increasing rumination and negative affectivity among intensive care unit nurses. Based on the results, interventions aimed at decreasing work-family conflict would be beneficial for intensive care unit nurses' emotional stability and patient safety., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors have no conflict of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 Australian College of Critical Care Nurses Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Previous evidence suggests paranoia affects people's functioning in interpersonal relationships. However, less is known about the interconnections among specific aspects of paranoia and domains of social relationships. The goal of the current study was to explore the interplay among different aspects of paranoia, social relationships and negative affectivity (depression, anxiety and social anxiety) in a diverse clinical sample using network analysis. A sample of 366 participants (84.4% female) with a history of mental illness was recruited online. The mean age was 35.31 years. Data were modelled using the Gaussian Graphical Model with regularization. The network included the following scales: R-GPTS, SAD-D, National Institute of Health Toolbox Adult Social Relationship scales, PHQ-9 and GAD-7. The results revealed substantial connections between aspects of paranoia (ideas of reference and ideas of persecution) and both perceived hostility and perceived rejection. Furthermore, significant associations of ideas of reference with social anxiety and loneliness with depression were observed. Perceived rejection and loneliness were the most central nodes in the estimated network. The current study provides robust evidence for the interconnections of paranoia, social relationships and negative affectivity, present across different diagnoses. This further supports the transdiagnostic approach to paranoia research and the related important role of social relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to identify the psychological changes that result from the amputation of a limb and the ways in which patients coordinate their daily lives. The study uses an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) aimed at understanding individual experiences in seven patients who have suffered limb amputation. The method used consisted of individual, semi-structured interviews, conducted approximately 4 months after surgery, to patients at home or in hospital, at the time of their regular checkup. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and, following the qualitative analysis performed, six common themes were identified: emotional impact, negative affects, tendency toward isolation, role constraints and limitations, phantom limb, and emotional balancing. A specific theme for patients who have suffered amputations is phantom limb pain, which has received special attention from researchers. The last topic relates to the tendency toward emotional balancing and psychological calibration to return to normal life.

Background: To investigate whether physical performance is independently of physical activity (PA) associated with positive and negative dimensions of mental well-being in middle-aged women.Methods: Data were drawn from the Estrogenic Regulation of Muscle Apoptosis (ERMA) study in which women 47 to 55 years were randomly selected from the Finnish National Registry. They (n = 909) participated in measurements of physical performance (handgrip force, knee extension force, vertical jumping height, maximal walking speed, and six-minute walking distance). Both mental well-being (the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form and the Satisfaction with Life Scale) and PA were self-reported. Associations between variables were analysed using multivariate linear regression modelling adjusted for body height, fat mass %, menopausal status and symptoms, marital status, parity, employment status, self-reported mental disorders, and use of psycholeptics and psychoanaleptics. PA was then entered into a separate model to explore its role in the associations.Results: In the adjusted models, significant positive associations of six-minute walking distance with positive affectivity (B = 0.12, p = 0.002) and life satisfaction (B = 0.15, p = 0.033) were observed. No significant associations were observed between physical performance and depressive symptoms or negative affectivity. PA was positively associated with positive affectivity and life satisfaction and negatively with depressive symptoms across all the physical performance variables.Conclusions: Of the physical performance dimensions, aerobic component was associated with positive mental well-being independently of PA level. In relation to other physical performance components, the results point to the benefits of physical activity for mental well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Type D personality, operationalized as high scores on negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI), has been associated with various medical and psychosocial outcomes. The recent failure to replicate several earlier findings could result from the various methods used to assess the Type D effect. Despite recommendations to analyze the continuous NA and SI scores, a popular approach groups people as having Type D personality or not. This method does not adequately detect a Type D effect as it is also sensitive to main effects of NA or SI only, suggesting the literature contains false positive Type D effects. Here, we systematically assess the extent of this problem. We conducted a systematic review including 44 published studies assessing a Type D effect with both a continuous and dichotomous operationalization. The dichotomous method showed poor agreement with the continuous Type D effect. Of the 89 significant dichotomous method effects, 37 (41.6%) were Type D effects according to the continuous method. The remaining 52 (58.4%) are therefore likely not Type D effects based on the continuous method, as 42 (47.2%) were main effects of NA or SI only. Half of the published Type D effect according to the dichotomous method may be false positives, with only NA or SI driving the outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study identified a shared pathophysiological mechanism of pediatric anxiety and irritability. Clinically, anxiety and irritability are common, co-occurring problems, both characterized by high-arousal negative affective states. Behaviorally, anxiety and irritability are associated with aberrant threat processing. To build on these findings, we examined eye-tracking measures of attention bias in relation to the unique and shared features of anxiety and irritability in a transdiagnostic sample of youth (n = 97, 58% female, M age = 13.03, SD age = 2.82). We measured attention bias to negative versus non-negative emotional faces during a passive viewing task. We employed bifactor analysis to parse the unique and shared variance of anxiety and irritability symptoms from self- and parent-report questionnaires. Negative affectivity is the derived latent factor reflecting shared variance of anxiety and irritability. We found that higher negative affectivity was associated with looking longer at negative versus non-negative faces, reflecting a shared mechanism of anxiety and irritability. This finding suggests that modification of elevated attention to negative emotional faces may represent a common potential treatment target of anxiety and irritability. • We studied attention bias as unique or shared mechanisms of anxiety and irritability. • We measured attention bias using eye-tracking in a transdiagnostic youth sample. • Negative affectivity is a bifactor-derived common factor of anxiety and irritability. • Negative affectivity was related to looking longer at negative vs non-negative faces. • This finding might reflect a shared mechanism of anxiety and irritability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Alcohol and Addiction Research Domain Criteria (AARDoC) propose that alcohol use disorder is associated with neural dysfunction in three primary domains: incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function. Prior studies in heavy drinking samples have examined brain activation changes associated with alcohol and negative affect cues, representing the incentive salience and negative emotionality domains, respectively. Yet studies examining such cue‐induced changes in functional connectivity (FC) are relatively sparse. Methods: Nontreatment‐seeking heavy drinking adults (N = 149, 56.0% male, 48.6% non‐white, mean age 34.8 years (SD = 10.0)) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during presentation of alcohol, negative, and neutral pictures. We focused on FC changes involving the nucleus accumbens and amygdala in addition to activation and FC correlations with self‐reported AUD severity. Results: For alcohol cues versus neutral cues, we observed accumbens FC changes in the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and amygdala FC changes with occipital, parietal, and hippocampal regions. AUD severity correlated positively with activation in the cerebellum (p < 0.05), accumbens FC in the cingulate gyri, somatosensory gyri, and cerebellum (p < 0.05), and with amygdala FC in the PFC and inferior parietal lobule (p < 0.05) for alcohol cues versus neutral cues. For negative cues versus neutral cues, we observed accumbens FC changes in the lateral temporal, occipital, and parietal regions, and amygdala FC changes in the fusiform and lingual gyri (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The present findings provide empirical support for the AARDoC domains of incentive salience and negative emotionality and indicate that AUD severity is associated with salience and response control for reward cues. When covarying for differences in nonalcohol substance use and mood disorder diagnoses, AUD severity was also associated with emotional reactivity for negative cues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to identify the psychological changes that result from the amputation of a limb and the ways in which patients coordinate their daily lives. The study uses an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) aimed at understanding individual experiences in seven patients who have suffered limb amputation. The method used consisted of individual, semi-structured interviews, conducted approximately 4 months after surgery, to patients at home or in hospital, at the time of their regular checkup. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and, following the qualitative analysis performed, six common themes were identified: emotional impact, negative affects, tendency toward isolation, role constraints and limitations, phantom limb, and emotional balancing. A specific theme for patients who have suffered amputations is phantom limb pain, which has received special attention from researchers. The last topic relates to the tendency toward emotional balancing and psychological calibration to return to normal life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This commentary seeks to highlight how social avoidance is portrayed in the six presented case‐reports from the perspective of self‐ and interpersonal functioning as well as stylistic trait features of negative affectivity (e.g., anxiousness and shame) and detachment (e.g., social withdrawal and emotional restriction). This approach to avoidance and social isolation will subsequently be generalized to a range of mental disorders where such features play a significant role. We propose that self and interpersonal functioning along with traits of negative affectivity and detachment may serve as a transdiagnostic framework for describing features of avoidance and social isolation across different treatment models, traditions, and disorders. We specifically assume that future developments of the promising treatment approaches presented in the current collection of case reports may benefit from such a "shared" framework for conceptualizing and treating self‐ and interpersonal problems related to avoidance and social isolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examined the independent and interactive moderating effects of children's negative affectivity (NA) and effortful control (EC) on the relations between parental childhood history of corporal punishment (CP) and their current use of CP. A total of 634 Chinese father–mother dyads with preschoolers (M age = 4.69 years, 53.8% boys) reported on their experience of CP in childhood, their current use of CP toward children, and their children's NA and EC. For both mothers and fathers, hierarchical regression analyses revealed that children's NA and EC independently and interactively moderated the relations between parental childhood history of CP and their current use of CP. Specifically, high NA intensified but high EC weakened the relations between parental childhood history of CP and their current use of CP. Moreover, high EC also weakened the intensifying effect of NA, with the intergenerational stability of CP being weakest and even disrupted when children were at low NA and high EC meanwhile. Findings from the present study highlight the importance of considering how the child factor may influence the intergenerational transmission of CP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the first phase of the COVID-19 outbreak, Italy experienced problems of public order and maladjusted behavior. This study assessed the role of negative affectivity, right-wing authoritarianism, and anxiety of COVID-19 infection in explaining a variety of the maladjusted behaviors (i.e., “China-phobic” discrimination, panic buying) observed with an Italian sample. Specifically, we examined the effect of Negative Affectivity and Right-Wing Authoritarianism on maladjusted behaviors, and the moderating role of anxiety of infection. Seven hundred and fifty-seven Italian participants completed an online survey between March 3rd to the 7th 2020, which was immediately before the lockdown. A moderated-mediation model was tested using a structural equation modeling approach. Results indicated that both Negative Affectivity and Right-Wing Authoritarianism were positively associated with COVID-19-related maladjusted behavior, and that Right-Wing Authoritarianism mediated the relationship between Negative Affectivity and maladjusted behavior. Furthermore, the effect of Right-Wing Authoritarianism on maladjusted behavior was greater for those with high anxiety of infection, and the indirect effect of Negative Affectivity on maladjusted behavior through Right-Wing Authoritarianism was moderated by infection anxiety. Findings highlight potential psychological paths that may inform communication strategies and public health initiatives aimed at promoting healthy behavior during an outbreak.

During the first phase of the COVID-19 outbreak, Italy experienced problems of public order and maladjusted behavior. This study assessed the role of negative affectivity, right-wing authoritarianism, and anxiety of COVID-19 infection in explaining a variety of the maladjusted behaviors (i.e., "China-phobic" discrimination, panic buying) observed with an Italian sample. Specifically, we examined the effect of Negative Affectivity and Right-Wing Authoritarianism on maladjusted behaviors, and the moderating role of anxiety of infection. Seven hundred and fifty-seven Italian participants completed an online survey between March 3rd to the 7th 2020, which was immediately before the lockdown. A moderated-mediation model was tested using a structural equation modeling approach. Results indicated that both Negative Affectivity and Right-Wing Authoritarianism were positively associated with COVID-19-related maladjusted behavior, and that Right-Wing Authoritarianism mediated the relationship between Negative Affectivity and maladjusted behavior. Furthermore, the effect of Right-Wing Authoritarianism on maladjusted behavior was greater for those with high anxiety of infection, and the indirect effect of Negative Affectivity on maladjusted behavior through Right-Wing Authoritarianism was moderated by infection anxiety. Findings highlight potential psychological paths that may inform communication strategies and public health initiatives aimed at promoting healthy behavior during an outbreak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The measurement of affect is often of central interest in adolescent research. Very few studies have investigated the factor structure underlying adolescent responses to the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, with mixed results. Only two studies reported on the trait version: one in Florida, the other in Chile. This study compared a range of prominent models to capture responses from adolescent boys from grades 7 to 12 in Australia (N = 1431) employing confirmatory factor analyses. Models included two, three, and a recently proposed bifactor model. While most models showed reasonable fit compared to a one-factor solution, cross-loading of the item feeling "strong" enhanced fit to the data. In the end, interpretation and parsimony advocate for the adoption of the uncorrelated two-factor Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) model for representing general positive and negative affectivity in boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]