Search

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) has been reported to be associated with risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) has been shown to be a strong predictor of mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). However, such epidemiological evidence from Chinese population was still limited. We used Cox proportional-hazards regression models to investigate the associations of eGFR and BUN with risk of incident CHD in the prospective Dongfeng-Tongji (DFTJ) cohort. After fully adjusted for potential confounders, a 10-unit decline in eGFR was associated with higher risk for CHD (hazard ratio [HR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.09); compared with individuals with normal eGFR levels (eGFR ≥ 90 ml/min per 1.73 m2), individuals with a mild-to-severe eGFR decline (15 to 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2) were at significantly greater risk for CHD (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05–1.48; P = 0.011). Compared with individuals in the lowest tertile of BUN, those in the highest tertile were at significantly greater risk for CHD (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.03–1.33; P = 0.014). In conclusion, a mild-to-severe decline in eGFR or a raised level of BUN might be associated with increased risk of incident CHD in middle-aged and elderly Chinese populations.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/srep24353 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), a complex chronic disease with an intricate etiology and pathogenesis, involves the recognition of self-antigens by pancreatic islet autoantigen-specific T cells and plays crucial roles in both early- and late-stage destruction of beta cells, thus impacting disease progression. Antigen-specific T cells regulate and execute immune responses by recognizing particular antigens, playing broad roles in the treatment of various diseases. Immunotherapy targeting antigen-specific T cells holds promising potential as a targeted treatment approach. This review outlines the pathogenesis of diabetes, emphasizing the pivotal role of pancreatic islet autoantigen-specific T cells in the progression and treatment of T1DM. Exploring this avenue in research holds promise for identifying novel therapeutic targets for effectively managing diabetes., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Yue, He, Min, Yang, Xu, Wu, Zhong, Mei and Chen.)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), a novel hypoglycemic agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, has well-known effects such as lowering blood sugar, ameliorating inflammation, reducing weight, and lowering blood lipids. It has also been shown that it can influence the proliferation and survival of cells and has a certain effect on the prognosis of some neoplastic diseases. In this study, the potential effects of GLP-1RAs on the occurrence and development of tumors were reviewed to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of tumors in patients., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Ji, He, Min, Yang, Wu, Xu, Chen and Mei.)

The harmful substances in tobacco are widely recognized to exert a significant detrimental impact on human health, constituting one of the most substantial global public health threats to date. Tobacco usage also ranks among the principal contributors to cardiovascular ailments, with tobacco being attributed to up to 30% of cardiovascular disease-related deaths in various countries. Cardiovascular disease is influenced by many kinds of pathogenic factors, among them, tobacco usage has led to an increased year by year incidence of cardiovascular disease. Exploring the influencing factors of harmful substances in tobacco and achieving early prevention are important means to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and maintain health. This article provides a comprehensive review of the effects of smoking on health and cardiovascular diseases., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.)

Objective: To explore the effects of related environment, occupational, lifestyle, genetic factors as well as their interactions on the etiology of major chronic diseases in an occupational population., Methods: Dongfeng-Tongji cohort (DFTJ cohort), one of the large prospective cohort studies with biobank. Baseline study was conducted in Shiyan city, Hubei province from 2008 to 2009. This cohort study included questionnaire, physical examination and tests on blood samples. Dongfeng-Tongji cohort was followed up every 5 years and the first follow-up program was completed, from April to October in 2013. During the first follow-up period in 2013, questionnaire, physical examination, clinical and blood sample tests were conducted again., Results: 27 009 retired participants with mean age of 63.6 years including 44.6% males, were recruited in this study. In the first follow-up program in 2013, among 38 295 subjects (44.7% males), 40.5% of them received diploma from high school or above. Prevalence rates of current regular smokers were 33.6% in men and 2.0% in women and the rates on current alcohol drinkers were 39.9% in men and 10.6% in women. The prevalence rates on self-reported hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, stroke, chronic bronchitis, and asthma were 41.1%, 24.3%, 13.9%, 16.7%, 5.1%, 12.7% and 4.0%, respectively. The self-reported prevalence of hypertension and stroke in males was higher than that in females. 25 978 individuals who were involved in the baseline database successfully completed the followed up program in 2013, with the follow-up rate as 96.2%., Conclusion: The DFTJ cohort study offered us an opportunity to explore the effects of environmental, genetic, as well as their interactions with major chronic diseases in a Chinese occupational population.

The high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein plays an important role in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), a heat shock protein 72 inducer, has been reported to reduce myocardial I/R injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardioprotective mechanism of GGA during myocardial I/R injury in rats. Anesthetized male rats were treated once with GGA (200 mg/kg, p.o.) 24 h before ischemia, and subjected to ischemia for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 4 h. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and infarct size were measured. HMGB1 expression was assessed by immunoblotting. The results showed that pre-treatment with GGA (200 mg/kg) significantly reduced the infarct size and the levels of LDH and CK after 4 h of reperfusion (all P<0.05). GGA also significantly inhibited the increase in MDA levels and the decrease in SOD levels (both P<0.05). Meanwhile, GGA considerably suppressed the expression of HMGB1 induced by I/R. The present study suggests that GGA is capable of attenuating myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting HMGB1 expression.