Search

Ten species of the superfamily Tineoidea were collected from different localities of the Western Ghats in the states of Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala; of the genera Edosa Walker, Cimitra Walker, Monopis Hübner, Compsoctena Zeller, and Clania Walker are present. All the ten species are recorded for the first time from the Western Ghats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper deals with the potential of employing Malaise traps for collecting butterflies and moths for morphological analysis and presents a protocol for preparing Macrolepidoptera from Malaise trap samples that were preserved in ethanol. About 80 specimens of Lepidoptera, including Nymphalidae, Geometridae, Hesperiidae, Erebidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae and Tortricidae, were mounted, following the protocol. All specimens with robust wings and contrasting wing patterns were well suited for the study of external morphology, regardless of the family. The specimens used in this study were collected in highland forest areas of central Vietnam with a little known entomofauna, as part of the German-Vietnamese biodiversity project 'VIETBIO'. The study offers new methodological approaches in an attempt to make the most of the material that was obtained using Malaise traps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Stigmella schinivora van Nieukerken, 2016 was described from Cataratas de Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina, based on adults reared from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) leaf mines. The aim of this study is to describe for the first time the external morphology of the immature stages of S. schinivora with the aid of light and scanning electron microscopy, based on mines collected on the same host plant, but in Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, Brazil. Data on natural history, including histology of the mines, are also provided. The larva passes through four instars, all endophytic, having chewing mouth parts and feeding on the palisade parenchyma. The first three instars are apodous and have a subcylindrical body, bearing only one pair of setae on the tenth abdominal segment; the fourth instar is eruciform, with well-developed ambulatory calli on thorax and abdomen and setae on all tagmata. A serpentine mine is constructed on the adaxial surface, progressively increasing in width during larval development. With the exception of the widened, terminal section, the mine is left filled with larval feces. The fully developed larva of last instar exits through a slit made at the distal end of the mine, building a silk cocoon on the leaf abaxial surface where pupation occurs. This is the first record of S. schinivora from Brazil, which was only known from the type locality in Argentina.

A revision of the Coleophora collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum three years ago revealed that identification of specimens treated as Coleophora salicorniae Heinemann et Wocke, 1877 was incorrect. The species is lacking from the collection. However, several papers mention C. salicorniae as present in Hungary. During the last two years this species was found in two new localities by the authors, compared to previous studies. Larva, case and adult of the species are illustrated, and image of habitat as well as the distribution map in Hungary are presented. With 5 figures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Although the evolution of wing pattern in Lepidoptera is of great importance in various disciplines, potential wing pattern homologies have been examined in very few lineages of microlepidoptera. Psychidae belong to the most early‐diverging superfamily of ditrysian moths, and many psychid genera from Australia have wing patterns consisting of bands, spots, and/or reticulated lines. An examination of 35 species of Australian Taleporiinae (Psychidae) revealed that wing patterns most commonly conform to the ‘uniform wing‐margin’ model, in which each vein is surrounded by a pattern element of the same colour (usually dark brown) along the costal margin. Wing patterns that follow the ‘uniform wing‐margin’ model include bands, spots, and reticulated lines, suggesting that these pattern elements are homologous in some lineages. However, in patterns consisting primarily of spots (belonging to the genus Iphierga Meyrick), the spots can become smaller toward the distal portion of the wing, often disappearing altogether and thus causing an apparent violation of the predictions of the model. The wing patterns of three species clearly violate the ‘uniform wing‐margin’ model. Two of these three may conform to the ‘alternating wing‐margin’ model, though this is uncertain because some veins are not expressed in the adult wing. Lastly, the findings presented here demonstrate that for the ‘uniform wing‐margin’ model, as for the ‘alternating wing‐margin’ model, the relative colour of a series of pattern elements (dark vs. light) is not a reliable indicator of homology. Instead, homologies exist among the contrast boundaries that separate pattern elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This checklist is the updated version of the checklist of micro-moths species in Hungary published in 2012. This new checklist is based on the latest faunistical and taxonomical researches. After the name of the species a precise literatury source is given with numbers. Hungarian names are proposed for all species. Only the species which are cleary identified by the experts can be added to the checklist. There are comments made regardingthe uncertain, mostly doubtful species. A total 2313 species are published in detail and information is added from the uncertain species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present paper introduces the changes in the knowledge on the Hungarian Microlepidoptera fauna of the last fifty years between the two milestone publications, from the first comprehensive checklist of Gozmány published in 1968 to the most recent list of Pastorális & Buschmann at 2018. The authors mention all species recorded from Hungary for the first time during this period and list those which have been omitted from the checklist due to various reasons. Short biographies are presented about the famous Hungarian experts of Microlepidoptera, László Gozmány and József Szőcs whose work established the scientific basis of our knowledge about the Hungarian Microlepidoptera fauna, as well as about their most successful Hungarian and foreign followers. Summarising the above-mentioned changes the authors state that the latest catalogue of the Hungarian Microlepidoptera fauna published contemporarily by the authors of the present paper includes altogether 2313 species belonging into 57 families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Natura Croatica is the property of Natura Croatica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper 17 species of Gelechioida were reported. Among them, Anchinia daphnella (denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) and Oecophora bractella (Linnaeus, 1758) were reported for the first time in peninsular Italy, Diurnea lipsiella (denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) was reported for the first time in southern Italy, Diurnea flagella (denis & Schiffermüller, 1775), Metalampra italica Baldizzone, 1977, Epicallima formosella (denis & Schiffermüller, 1775), Kasyniana diminutella (Rebel, 1931), Pleurota (Protasis) punctella (o. Costa, 1836), Pleurota (Pleurota) aristella (Linnaeus, 1767), Stathmopoda pedella (Linnaeus, 1761) and Carcina quercana (Fabricius, 1775) were not reported with certitude in the Calabrian region. Furthermore, we confirmed the presence in Calabria of some species recorded in this region more than one century ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Приводится аннотированный список 45 видов ширококрылых и плоских молей (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae, Peleopodidae, Chimabachidae, Lypusidae and Oecophoridae), обитающих на юге Хабаровского края в Большехехцирском, Ботчинском, Буреинском, Комсомольском заповедниках и прилегающих территориях. Из них 6 видов обнаружены впервые для указанной территории.

Приводится аннотированный список 40 видов ширококрылых и плоских молей (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae, Cryptolechiidae, Lypusidae and Oecophoridae), обитающих в Республике Алтай и Алтайском крае. Из них 12 видов указываются впервые на рассматриваемой территории, Agonopterix hippomarathri (Nickerl, 1864) – вид новый для фауны России.

Although the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum (Budapest) does not house any specimens of Coleophora juncicolella Stainton, 1851 from Hungary, several works have treated this species as resident since its fi rst report in 1952. We found this species at three new localities in 2017 and 2018. Th e case is illustrated and a map of distribution in Hungary is given. With 2 fi gures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stigmella schinivora van Nieukerken, 2016 was described from Cataratas de Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina, based on adults reared from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) leaf mines. The aim of this study is to describe for the first time the external morphology of the immature stages of S. schinivora with the aid of light and scanning electron microscopy, based on mines collected on the same host plant, but in Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, Brazil. Data on natural history, including histology of the mines, are also provided. The larva passes through four instars, all endophytic, having chewing mouth parts and feeding on the palisade parenchyma. The first three instars are apodous and have a subcylindrical body, bearing only one pair of setae on the tenth abdominal segment; the fourth instar is eruciform, with well-developed ambulatory calli on thorax and abdomen and setae on all tagmata. A serpentine mine is constructed on the adaxial surface, progressively increasing in width during larval development. With the exception of the widened, terminal section, the mine is left filled with larval feces. The fully developed larva of last instar exits through a slit made at the distal end of the mine, building a silk cocoon on the leaf abaxial surface where pupation occurs. This is the first record of S. schinivora from Brazil, which was only known from the type locality in Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Natura Croatica is the property of Natura Croatica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

По результатам исследований 2004-2016 годов приводится 25 видов молевидных чешуекрылых семейств Bucculatricidae, Gracillariidae и Lyonetidae, собранных на территории юга Хабаровского края.

Ectoedemia argyropeza (Zeller, 1839) possesses a compound eye that exhibits features of both apposition and superposition type eyes. Like apposition eyes, the eye of E. argyropeza lacks a clear-zone, which in superposition eyes separates the distal dioptric from the proximal light-perceiving structures. On the other hand, a tracheal layer around the proximal ends of the rhabdom as well as a well-developed corneal nipple array on the corneal surfaces are features that E. argyropeza shares with the larger moths. Unique, and so far only seen to this extreme degree in any insect, is the hourglass-shape of E. argyropeza's rhabdom, in which two almost equally voluminous regions (one distal, one proximal and formed in both cases by seven rhabdomeres) are connected by a narrow waist-like region of the retinula. An eighth retinula cell, not participating in rhabdom formation, is developed as a basal cell, just above the basement membrane. The eye responds with photomechanical changes to dark/light adaptation, but while the proximal rhabdom moiety slightly expands (as expected) in the dark, the distal rhabdom increases its diameter only upon light-adaptation. Owing to the tandem position of the two rhabdom moities, it is in the light-adapted state that the distally-placed rhabdom is favoured, while the proximal rhabdom plays a more important role at low ambient light levels. With screening pigments withdrawn, tracheal tapetum exposed, and distal rhabdom diameters reduced, the proximal and in the dark enlarged rhabdom is then in a position to capture photons that have entered the eye through not only the ommatidial window above, but other facets as well even in the absence of a clear-zone and superposition optics.

The New World species of Atteva Walker are reviewed and illustrated in colour. One name: A. pustulella (Fabricius), nom. rev. and three species: A. aurea (Fitch), sp. rev., A. floridana (Neumoegen), sp. rev. and A. gemmata (Grote), sp. rev. are reinstated; five names are synonymised under A. aurea: Poeciloptera compta Clemens, syn. n., A. edithella Busck, syn. n., A. exquisita Busck, syn. n., A. ergatica Walsingham, syn. n. and A. microsticta Walsingham, syn. n.; four new species are described: A. rawlinsi sp. n., from the Dominican Republic, A. sidereoides sp. n., from Jamaica, A. entermedia sp. n., from Antigua, and A. zebrina sp. n., from Brazil; lectotypes for A. floridana and A. glaucopidella (Guenée) (=fulviguttata) are also designated.As species de Atteva Walker são revistas e ilustradas em cores. Um nome: A. pustulella (Fabricius), nom. rev. e três espécies: A. aurea (Fitch), sp. rev., A. floridana (Neumoegen), sp. rev. and A. gemmata (Grote), sp. rev. são restabelecidos; cinco nomes são considerados sinônimos recentes de A.aurea: Poeciloptera compta Clemens, syn. n., A. edithella Busck, syn. n., A. exquisita Busck, syn. n., A. ergatica Walsingham, syn. n. e A. microsticta Walsingham, syn. n.; quatro espécies novas são descritas: A. rawlinsi sp. n., da República Dominica, A. sidereoides sp. n., da Jamaica, A. entermedia sp. n., de Antigua, e A. zebrina sp. n., do Brazil; são designados lectótipos para A. floridana e A. glaucopidella (Guenée) (=fulviguttata).

Three new cecidogenous Palaeomystella Fletcher (Lepidoptera, Coleophoridae, Momphinae), described herein, induce galls on stems and leaves of Melastomataceae species. They include: Palaeomystella tibouchinae sp. n., on Tibouchina barbigera (Naudin) Baillon, P. oligophaga sp. n., on Macairea radula (Bonpland) de Candolle and M. thyrsiflora de Candolle, and P. henriettiphila sp. n., on Henriettea succosa (Aublet) de Candolle. Adults, including male and female genitalia, larva, pupa, and galls are illustrated and described in detail.As espécies de Palaeomystella aqui descritas induzem cecídeas nos ramos e folhas de espécies de Melastomataceae: Palaeomystella tibouchinae sp. n. em Tibouchina barbigera (Naudin) Baillon, P. oligophaga sp. n. em Macairea radula (Bonpland) de Candolle, e M. thyrsiflora de Candolle, P. henriettiphila sp. n. em Henriettea succosa (Aublet) de Candolle. Os adultos, incluindo venação das asas, e genitálias dos machos e fêmeas, larvas, pupas e cecídeas, são descritos e ilustrados em detalhes.

The monotypic genus Neopalpa was described in 1998 by Czech entomologist Dalibor Povolný based on two male specimens from Santa Catalina Island, California, which he named N. neonata. The female of this species was discovered recently based on a DNA barcode match and is described. In addition, a new species with marked differences in morphology and DNA barcodes from southern California and Baja California Mexico is described as Neopalpa donaldtrumpi sp. n. Adults and genitalia of both species are illustrated, new diagnosis for the genus Neopalpa is provided, and its position within Gelechiidae is briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To determine the importance of different biogeographical processes (vicariance, dispersal, long-distance dispersal and establishment or LDDE) for the current distribution of metalmark moths, a group of small insects, using a time-calibrated molecular tree. Location Global. Methods We sampled 104 species of metalmark moths with representatives from all six major biogeographical regions of the world (Afrotropical, Australasian, Neotropical, Nearctic, Oriental and Palaearctic). The taxon sampling includes c. 20% of known species in the family and covers both subfamilies. Using an eight-locus molecular data set and secondary calibration points, we inferred a time-calibrated tree, which was then used for ancestral range estimation with variants of the dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis model ( DEC), some of which incorporated the founder-event j-parameter for modelling of LDDEs ( DEC j). Results The inferred phylogeny is well resolved and in accordance with earlier works. The metalmark moth distribution is best explained with DEC j models. It remains unclear what the ancestral area was. Different models differ in the number and type of events estimated - DEC models infer vicariance for several nodes where DEC j models usually infer LDDEs. However, the pattern that emerges from all the analyses is that dispersal and/or LDDE over transoceanic distances such as between the Afrotropics and Australasia and the Afrotropics and Neotropics occurred several times in the evolutionary history of this group. Main conclusions Vicariance may have played an important role in the early evolution of metalmark moths, while dispersal and LDDEs mostly shaped the group's distribution later on. Based on insect flight research using aerial radars, the best mechanism for explaining how small insects cross oceans is by being adapted for exploiting atmospheric conditions as opposed to employing active flight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite the great importance of lepidopteran wing patterns in various biological disciplines, homologies between wing pattern elements in different moth and butterfly lineages are still not understood. Among other reasons, this may be due to an incomplete understanding of the relationship between color pattern and wing venation; many individual wing pattern elements have a known relationship with venation, but a framework to unite all wing pattern elements with venation is lacking. Though plesiomorphic wing veins are known to influence color patterning even when not expressed in the adult wing, most studies of wing pattern evolution have focused on derived taxa with a reduced suite of wing veins. Results: The present study aims to address this gap through an examination of Micropterigidae, a very early-diverged moth family in which all known plesiomorphic lepidopteran veins are expressed in the adult wing. The relationship between wing pattern and venation was examined in 66 species belonging to 9 genera. The relationship between venation and pattern element location, predicted based on moths in the family Tortricidae, holds for Sabatinca just as it does for Micropterix. However, the pattern elements that are lightly colored in Micropterix are dark in Sabatinca, and vice-versa. When plotted onto a hypothetical nymphalid wing in accordance with the relationship between pattern and venation discussed here, the wing pattern of Sabatinca doroxena very closely resembles the nymphalid groundplan. Conclusions: The color difference in pattern elements between Micropterix and Sabatinca indicates that homologies exist among the contrast boundaries that divide wing pattern elements, and that color itself is not a reliable indicator of homology. The similarity between the wing pattern of Sabatinca doroxena and the nymphalid groundplan suggests that the nymphalid groundplan may have originated from a Sabatinca-like wing pattern subjected to changes in wing shape and reduced expression of venation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide geographical, spatial and temporal data to the faunistical knowledge of the 123 Microlepidoptera species recorded in the region Sălaj. This is the result of 201 data of 24 collecting events assembled in the period between 25. April, 2014 and 10. September, 2015. The species represent the following families (with species numbers): Alucitidae (2), Autostichidae (1), Coleophoridae (7), Cosmopterigidae (1), Cossidae (1), Depressariidae (2), Epermeniidae (1), Ethmiidae (2), Gelechiidae (5), Gracillariidae (1), Hepialidae (1), Limacodidae (1), Lypusidae (1), Oecophoridae (2), Plutellidae (1), Psychidae (2), Pterophoridae (4), Pyralidae (38), Sesiidae (1), Tineidae (5), Tortricidae (39), Yponomeutidae (1), Ypsolophidae (2), Zygaenidae (2), amongst them 33 species are recorded as new for the region Sălaj. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pheromone traps were deployed in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County (Hungary) between 1982 and 1988, in 1990 and also between 1993 and 2013. These traps attracted 8 Microlepidoptera species: Phyllonorycter blancardella, P. corylifoliella, Anarsia lineatella, Eupoecilia ambiguella, Lobesia botrana, Grapholita funebrana, G. molesta and Cydia pomonella. We examined the trapping data of these species in the context of lunar phases and polarized moonlight. Catches of the European Vine Moth ( Lobesia botrana) and the Codling Moth ( Cydia pomonella) were higher in the First Quarter, whereas catches of Peach Twig Borer ( Anarsia lineatella), Vine Moth ( Eupoecilia ambiguella), Plum Fruit Moth ( Grapholita funebrana) and Oriental Fruit Moth ( Grapholita molesta) were larger in the Last Quarter. Catches of the other two species, the Spotted Tentiform Leafminer ( Phyllonorycter blancardella) and Hawthorn Red Midget Moth ( P. corylifoliella), were higher in both the First and Last Quarters. When using pheromone traps, insects do not fly to a light source, so moonlight does not modify either the catching distance or flight activity. However, at high levels of polarized moonlight, pheromone trap catches will increase, as in the case of light-trap catches. The results are comprehensible when one considers that the target species can fly both during the daytime and also at night. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nest ofMinixi suffusumoffers a rare form of mimicry: bird dropping masquerading of the nest by the potter wasp was recorded in mid-western Brazil, in the municipality of Dourados MS. Nesting biology ofM. suffusumand the material involved in the action of the camouflage were observed. Eleven nests were sampled, with a total of 38 cells. Use of uric acid for staining the cell was evident in all nests. The way that the wasp stains the cells was observed. Substrate nest site, seasonality, larvae biology, sex ratio, prey and parasitoids ofM.suffusumwere reported. Nest camouflage may be related to defense against natural enemies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Ten species of microlepidoptera are reported for the first time from the sila National Park and their faunistic interest for southern Italy is pointed out. Ethmia pusiella is reported as new for the fauna of Calabria. Cedestis subfasciella, Ypsolopha ustella, Schiffermuelleria schaefferella, Herrichia excelsella, Harpella forficella and Mirificarma cytisella are reported as new for the fauna of southern Italy. Argyresthia goedartella, A. pruniella and Sophronia sicariellus are reported as new for the fauna of peninsular Italy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims Evolutionary transitions from outcrossing to self-fertilization are thought to occur because selfing provides reproductive assurance when pollinators or mates are scarce, but they could also occur via selection to reduce floral vulnerability to herbivores. This study investigated geographic covariation between floral morphology, fruit set, pollen limitation and florivory across the geographic range of Camissoniopsis cheiranthifolia, a Pacific coastal dune endemic that varies strikingly in flower size and mating system. Methods Fruit set was quantified in 75 populations, and in 41 of these floral herbivory by larvae of a specialized moth (Mompha sp.) that consumes anthers in developing buds was also quantified. Experimental pollen supplementation was performed to quantify pollen limitation in three large-flowered, outcrossing and two small-flowered, selfing populations. These parameters were also compared between large- and small-flowered phenotypes within three mixed populations. Key Results Fruit set was much lower in large-flowered populations, and also much lower among large- than small-flowered plants within populations. Pollen supplementation increased per flower seed production in largeflowered but not small-flowered populations, but fruit set was not pollen limited. Hence inadequate pollination cannot account for the low fruit set of large-flowered plants. Floral herbivory was much more frequent in largeflowered populations and correlated negatively with fruit set. However, florivores did not preferentially attack large-flowered plants in three large-flowered populations or in two of three mixed populations. Conclusions Selfing alleviated pollen limitation of seeds per fruit, but florivory better explains the marked variation in fruit set. Although florivory was more frequent in large-flowered populations, large-flowered individuals were not generally more vulnerable within populations. Rather than a causative selective factor, reduced florivory in small-flowered, selfing populations is probably an ecological consequence of mating system differentiation, with potentially significant effects on population demography and biotic interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]