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54. Initial results from the TacSat-4 solar cell experiment

Author

Jenkins, Phillip P., primary, Bentz, Douglas C., additional, Barnds, Jim, additional, Binz, Christopher R., additional, Messenger, Scott R., additional, Warner, Jeffrey H., additional, Krasowski, Michael J., additional, Prokop, Norman F., additional, Spina, Dan C., additional, O'Neill, Mark, additional, Eskenazi, Michael, additional, Brandhorst, Henry W., additional, Downard, Eric, additional, and Crist, Kevin C., additional

Published
2013
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56. Multiple Quantum Well-Based Modulating Retroreflectors for Inter- and Intra-Spacecraft Communications

Author

NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, Goetz, Peter G., Rabinovich, WIlliam S., Gilbreath, G. C., Mahon, Rita, Ferraro, Mike S., Swingen, Lee, Walters, Robert J., Messenger, Scott R., Wasiczko, Linda M., Murphy, James, NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, Goetz, Peter G., Rabinovich, WIlliam S., Gilbreath, G. C., Mahon, Rita, Ferraro, Mike S., Swingen, Lee, Walters, Robert J., Messenger, Scott R., Wasiczko, Linda M., and Murphy, James

Abstract

Free space optics "FSO" can provide high data rates with efficient use of power. However, small platforms may not be able to support the payload requirements of a conventional FSO terminal. An alternative FSO terminal uses a modulating retro-reflector "MRR". MRRs shift most of the power, weight, and pointing requirements to one end of the link. With a MRR configuration, it is possible to establish a two-way FSO link using a single laser transmitter. The MRR terminal of these systems can be small, lightweight, and low power. The MRR maintains the small beam divergence of a conventional optical communications link, but gains the loose pointing advantage of an RF link, reducing the pointing requirements. Communication needs in space present many asymmetric scenarios in which a MRR architecture could be beneficial. This paper describes some of the current capabilities and limitations of MRR systems, as well as applications to space links. An evaluation of the radiation tolerance of modulators is presented.

Published
2006

57. Erratum: “Ion irradiation of electronic-type-separated single wall carbon nanotubes: A model for radiation effects in nanostructured carbon” [J. Appl. Phys. 112, 034314 (2012)]

Author

Rossi, Jamie E., primary, Cress, Cory D., additional, Helenic, Alysha R., additional, Schauerman, Chris M., additional, DiLeo, Roberta A., additional, Cox, Nathanael D., additional, Messenger, Scott R., additional, Weaver, Brad D., additional, Hubbard, Seth M., additional, and Landi, Brian J., additional

Published
2012
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66. Optical Reflector Materials Experiment-I (ORMatE-I) and ORMatE-II on Board MISSE

Author

Palusinski, Iwona A., primary, Walters, Robert J., additional, Matson, Lawrence E., additional, Fuqua, Peter D., additional, Jenkins, Phillip, additional, Barrie, James D., additional, Meshishnek, Michael J., additional, Messenger, Scott R., additional, Geis, Jason M., additional, Jackson, Eric, additional, Lorentzen, Justin R., additional, and Kleiman, Jacob I., additional

Published
2009
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67. Effects of Proton Irradiation on InGaAs/AlGaAs Multiple Quantum Well Modulators (Preprint)

Author

NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, Goetz, Peter G., Rabinovich, W. S., Walters, Robert J., Messenger, Scott R., Gilbreath, G. C., Mahon, Rita, Ferraro, M., Ikossi-Anastasiou, Kiki, Katzer, D. S., NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, Goetz, Peter G., Rabinovich, W. S., Walters, Robert J., Messenger, Scott R., Gilbreath, G. C., Mahon, Rita, Ferraro, M., Ikossi-Anastasiou, Kiki, and Katzer, D. S.

Abstract

Recently large area multiple quantum well (MQW) optical modulators have been coupled to cornercube optical retro-reflectors to allow free-space optical communications using a lightweight, low-power device. A pointing/tracking system and laser are required only on one end of the link. Such a system is attractive for ground-to-space links or space-to-space communication between a satellite and a microsat. An important question for these potential space-borne systems is the radiation tolerance of the MQW modulator, which is the principle active component. To investigate this subject, we irradiated three 0.5 cm diameter InGaAs/AlGaAs modulators using a sequence of bombardments of 1 MeV protons. One of the devices was irradiated while under a normal operating reverse bias voltage of 15 V; the other devices were unbiased. After each exposure the electronic, optical and modulation characteristics of the modulators were evaluated. No degradation was observed until a cumulative fluence of 1x10(exp 14) protons/sq cm, equivalent to an ionizing radiation dose of approximately 200 Mrad(Si)., Presented at the IEEE AeroSpace 2001, Big Sky, MT on 10-17 Mar 2001; published in proceedings of the same, v3, pp1523-1529, 2001. The original document contains color images.

Published
2001

68. Multiple Quantum Well Retromodulators for Low Power, Covert Infrared Data Links

Author

NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIV, Gilbreath, G. C., Meehan, Timothy J., Walters, Robert J., Mozersky, Sharon, Ferraro, Mena, Messenger, Scott R., Rabinovich, William S., NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIV, Gilbreath, G. C., Meehan, Timothy J., Walters, Robert J., Mozersky, Sharon, Ferraro, Mena, Messenger, Scott R., and Rabinovich, William S.

Abstract

In this paper, we describe progress in the development of the Multiple Quantum Well retromodulator for compact, covert data transfer which is uniquely suited to unmanned vehicles. Device power draw is quite low and can be sun-powered with possible laser light augmentation in some strategies. Carrier wavelengths are in the infrared so interference is not an issue and shutter speeds can support up to 10 Mbps. Progress in demonstrating solar-powered burst communications for a UAV in flight will be presented. Alternative power schemes using photovoltaics will be presented to show how a low cost, low power communications terminal can be configured., Prepared in collaboration with Research Support Instruments, Inc., Lanham, MD. The original document contains color images.

Published
2001

70. Multiple quantum well based modulating retroreflectors for inter- and intra-spacecraft communication

Author

Goetz, Peter G., primary, Rabinovich, William S., additional, Gilbreath, G. Charmaine, additional, Mahon, Rita, additional, Ferraro, Mike S., additional, Swingen, Lee, additional, Walters, Robert J., additional, Messenger, Scott R., additional, Wasiczko, Linda M., additional, Murphy, James, additional, Creamer, N. Glenn, additional, Burris, Harris R., additional, Stell, Mena F., additional, Moore, Christopher I., additional, Binari, Steven C., additional, and Katzer, D. S., additional

Published
2006
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77. Photovoltaically powered modulating retroreflectors.

Author

Walters, Robert J., Murphy, James L., Rabinovich, William S., Gilbreath, G. Charmaine, Wilt, David M., Smith, Mark, Krasowski, Michael J., Jenkins, Philip P., Scheiman, D., Warner, Jeffrey H., Messenger, Scott R., Lorentzen, Justin R., and Summers, Geoffrey P.

Published
2004
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80. Correlation of Telemetered Solar Array Data With Particle Detector Data On GPS Spacecraft.

Author

Messenger, Scott R., Jackson, Eric M., Warner, Jeffrey H., Walters, Robert J., Cayton, Thomas E., Chen, Yue, Friedel, Reiner W., Kippen, R. Marc, and Reed, Brad

Subjects
*IRRADIATION, *RADIATION dosimetry, *SOLAR cells, *ENERGY dissipation, *NONIONIZING radiation, *GLOBAL Positioning System
Abstract

BDD-IIR radiation environment detector data are used to calculate the expected solar array degradation for over 9 years of GPS orbit and compared with telemetered solar array data. The large discrepancy between the predicted and measured solar array output remains, thereby eliminating displacement damage as the sole damage mechanism to the solar arrays. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2011
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81. A Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy Study of Electron and Proton Irradiated \ p ^+ \ n GaAs Diodes.

Author

Warner, Jeffrey H., Cress, Cory D., Messenger, Scott R., Walters, Robert J., Ringel, Steve A., and Jeongho Park

Subjects
DEEP level transient spectroscopy, IRRADIATION, ELECTRONS, PROTONS, GALLIUM arsenide, ELECTRIC displacement, MOLECULAR beam epitaxy
Abstract

Defects produced by 0.6 MeV, 1 MeV and 5 MeV electrons are compared with those produced by 2 MeV proton irradiations in \ p ^+ \ n GaAs diodes using Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy (DLTS). Following 0.6 and 1 MeV electron irradiation, the measured DLTS spectra matched that of the literature. After 5 MeV electron irradiation, however, a new DLTS peak was observed. The new peak is located on the low temperature side of the common E3 peak. This new electron-induced DLTS peak is assigned to be the same peak produced by proton irradiation and commonly labeled PR4^\prime\prime. Further analysis of the DLTS data indicate that the PR4^\prime\prime peak is independent of the displacement damage dose deposited but is dependent on the primary recoil energy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2010
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82. The Simulation of Damage Tracks in Silicon.

Author

Messenger, Scott R., Burke, Edward A., Xapsos, Michael A., Summers, Geoffrey P., and Waiters, Robert R.

Subjects
*SILICON, *IONS, *ELECTRONS, *ELECTRIC fields, *SIMULATION methods & models, *ENERGY dissipation
Abstract

We describe an analytical model for deriving heavy ion damage tracks using nonionizing energy loss (NIEL) and range-energy relations. NIEL is directly calculated for heavy ions based upon screened Coulomb potentials in the nonrelativistic limit and the projected range algorithm (PRAL) is used to obtain the range relationship. Examples of damage track calculations are given for incident ions on silicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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83. High-Energy Proton Irradiation Effects in GaAs Devices.

Author

Warner, Jeffrey H., Walters, Robert J., Messenger, Scott R., Summers, Geoffrey P., Khanna, Shyam M., Estan, Diego, Erhardt, Lorne S., and Houdayer, Alain

Subjects
PROTONS, IRRADIATION, ENERGY dissipation, SPECTRUM analysis, DEEP level transient spectroscopy, SOLAR cells
Abstract

In this paper, we compare the energy dependences (53 and 115 MeY) of proton displacement damage coefficients for p+ n GaAs solar cells with previously reported calculations of nonionizing energy loss (MEL). Deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) was used to generate damage coefficients from the introduction rates of defects. New damage coefficients generated from GaAs bulk LEDs light output (1-530 MeV) are also reported. The damage coefficients from these devices for proton energies E > 10 MeV vary but are bounded by the total and Coulombic MEL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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84. Proton Energy Dependence of the Light Output in Gallium Nitride Light-Emitting Diodes.

Author

Khanna, Shyam M., Estan, Diego, Erhardt, Lorne S., Houdayer, Main, Carlone, Cosmo, Lonascut-nedelcescu, Anca, Messenger, Scott R., Walters, Robert J., Summers, Geoffrey P., Warner, Jeffrey H., and Jun, Insoo

Subjects
GALLIUM nitride, LIGHT emitting diodes, PROTONS, ENERGY dissipation, DIODES, LIGHT
Abstract

Gallium nitride (GaN)-based blue-emitting diodes (CREE Model C430-DH8S) were irradiated at room temperature with protons in the energy range 2 to 115 MeV at fluences varying from 1 × 1011 to 1 × 1015 cm-2. Light output degradation curves were obtained for each energy and the damage constant (A) associated with these curves was determined according to the theory of Rose and Barnes. For proton energies less than 10 MeV, A varies inversely with the proton energy (E). At higher energies, A is consistently above the 1/E relationship. The change in nature of the energy dependence is attributed to nuclear interactions. Nonionizing energy loss calculations for the case of protons on GaN are presented. Good agreement between theory and experiment is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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