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51. LiteBIRD: JAXA's new strategic L-class mission for all-sky surveys of cosmic microwave background polarization

Author: Hazumi, M., Ade, P. A. R., Adler, A., Allys, E., Arnold, K., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Austermann, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Banjeri, R., Barreiro, R. B., Basak, S., Beall, J., Beck, D., Beckman, S., Bermejo, J., de Bernardis, P., Bersanelli, M., Bonis, J., Borrill, J., Boulanger, F., Bounissou, S., Brilenkov, M., Brown, M., Bucher, M., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Challinor, A., Chan, V., Cheung, K., Chinone, Y., Cliche, J. F., Colombo, L., Columbro, F., Cubas, J., Cukierman, A., Curtis, D., D'Alessandro, G., Dachlythra, N., De Petris, M., Dickinson, C., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Dobbs, M., Dotani, T., Duband, L., Duff, S., Duval, J. M., Ebisawa, K., Elleflot, T., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Essinger-Hileman, T., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloway, M., Ganga, K., Gao, J. R., Genova-Santos, R., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Gjerløw, E., Gradziel, M. L., Grain, J., Grupp, F., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., de Haan, T., Halverson, N. W., Hargrave, P., Hasebe, T., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herman, D., Herranz, D., Hill, C. A., Hilton, G., Hirota, Y., Hivon, E., Hlozek, R. A., Hoshino, Y., de la Hoz, E., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., Iida, T., Imada, H., Ishimura, K., Ishino, H., Jaehnig, G., Kaga, T., Kashima, S., Katayama, N., Kato, A., Kawasaki, T., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Kobayashi, Y., Kogiso, N., Kogut, A., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Komatsu, K., Konishi, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kreykenbohm, I., Kuo, C. L., Kushino, A., Lamagna, L., Lanen, J. V., Lattanzi, M., Lee, A. T., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Linder, E., Louis, T., Luzzi, G., Maciaszek, T., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Maki, M., Mandelli, S., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matsumura, T., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Minami, Y., Mitsuda, K., Montgomery, J., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Murata, Y., Murphy, J. A., Nagai, M., Nagano, Y., Nagasaki, T., Nagata, R., Nakamura, S., Namikawa, T., Natoli, P., Nerval, S., Nishibori, T., Nishino, H., Noviello, F., O'Sullivan, C., Ogawa, H., Oguri, S., Ohsaki, H., Ohta, I. S., Okada, N., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Peloton, J., Piacentini, F., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Poletti, D., Prouvé, T., Puglisi, G., Rambaud, D., Raum, C., Realini, S., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Roudil, G., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Russell, M., Sakurai, H., Sakurai, Y., Sandri, M., Sasaki, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seibert, J., Sekimoto, Y., Sherwin, B., Shinozaki, K., Shiraishi, M., Shirron, P., Signorelli, G., Smecher, G., Stever, S., Stompor, R., Sugai, H., Sugiyama, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, J., Svalheim, T. L., Switzer, E., Takaku, R., Takakura, H., Takakura, S., Takase, Y., Takeda, Y., Tartari, A., Taylor, E., Terao, Y., Thommesen, H., Thompson, K. L., Thorne, B., Toda, T., Tomasi, M., Tominaga, M., Trappe, N., Tristram, M., Tsuji, M., Tsujimoto, M., Tucker, C., Ullom, J., Vermeulen, G., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vissers, M., Vittorio, N., Wehus, I., Weller, J., Westbrook, B., Wilms, J., Winter, B., Wollack, E. J., Yamasaki, N. Y., Yoshida, T., Yumoto, J., Zannoni, M., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: LiteBIRD, the Lite (Light) satellite for the study of B-mode polarization and Inflation from cosmic background Radiation Detection, is a space mission for primordial cosmology and fundamental physics. JAXA selected LiteBIRD in May 2019 as a strategic large-class (L-class) mission, with its expected launch in the late 2020s using JAXA's H3 rocket. LiteBIRD plans to map the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization over the full sky with unprecedented precision. Its main scientific objective is to carry out a definitive search for the signal from cosmic inflation, either making a discovery or ruling out well-motivated inflationary models. The measurements of LiteBIRD will also provide us with an insight into the quantum nature of gravity and other new physics beyond the standard models of particle physics and cosmology. To this end, LiteBIRD will perform full-sky surveys for three years at the Sun-Earth Lagrangian point L2 for 15 frequency bands between 34 and 448 GHz with three telescopes, to achieve a total sensitivity of 2.16 micro K-arcmin with a typical angular resolution of 0.5 deg. at 100GHz. We provide an overview of the LiteBIRD project, including scientific objectives, mission requirements, top-level system requirements, operation concept, and expected scientific outcomes., Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2021
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52. QUBIC IV: Performance of TES Bolometers and Readout Electronics

Author: Piat, M., Stankowiak, G., Battistelli, E. S., de Bernardis, P., Alessandro, G. D, De Petris, M., Grandsire, L., Hamilton, J. -Ch., Hoang, T. D., Marnieros, S., Masi, S., Mennella, A., Mousset, L., Sullivan, C. O, Prele, D., Tartari, A., Thermeau, J. -P., Torchinsky, S. A., Voisin, F., Zannoni, M., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Amico, G., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Banfi, S., Belier, B., Bau, A., Bennett, D., Berge, L., Bernard, J. -Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bigot-Sazy, M. -A., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bunn, E., Burke, D., Buzi, D., Cavaliere, F., Chanial, P., Chapron, C., Charlassier, R., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., Dheilly, S., Duca, C., Dumoulin, L., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Franceschet, C., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Ganga, K. M., Garcia, B., Redondo, M. E. Garcia, Gaspard, M., Gayer, D., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Berisson, M. Gomez, Gonzalez, M., Gradziel, M., Hampel, M. R., Harari, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Incardona, F., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Kristukat, C., Lamagna, L., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Maffei, B., Marty, W., Mattei, A., May, A., McCulloch, M., Mele, L., Melo, D., Montier, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Murphy, J. D., Nati, F., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Paiella, A., Pajot, F., Passerini, A., Pastoriza, H., Pelosi, A., Perbost, C., Perciballi, M., Pezzotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Puddu, R., Rambaud, D., Rasztocky, E., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Salum, J. M., Schillaci, A., Scoccola, C. G., Scully, S., Spinelli, S., Stolpovskiy, M., Supanitsky, A. D., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Tucker, C., Tucker, G., Vigano, D., Vittorio, N., Wicek, F., Wright, M., and Zullo, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: A prototype version of the Q & U bolometric interferometer for cosmology (QUBIC) underwent a campaign of testing in the laboratory at Astroparticle Physics and Cosmology laboratory in Paris (APC). The detection chain is currently made of 256 NbSi transition edge sensors (TES) cooled to 320 mK. The readout system is a 128:1 time domain multiplexing scheme based on 128 SQUIDs cooled at 1 K that are controlled and amplified by an SiGe application specific integrated circuit at 40 K. We report the performance of this readout chain and the characterization of the TES. The readout system has been functionally tested and characterized in the lab and in QUBIC. The low noise amplifier demonstrated a white noise level of 0.3 nV.Hz^-0.5. Characterizations of the QUBIC detectors and readout electronics includes the measurement of I-V curves, time constant and the noise equivalent power. The QUBIC TES bolometer array has approximately 80% detectors within operational parameters. It demonstrated a thermal decoupling compatible with a phonon noise of about 5.10^-17 W.Hz^-0.5 at 410 mK critical temperature. While still limited by microphonics from the pulse tubes and noise aliasing from readout system, the instrument noise equivalent power is about 2.10^-16 W.Hz^-0.5, enough for the demonstration of bolometric interferometry., Comment: Accepted for publication in JCAP
Published: 2021
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53. Concept Design of Low Frequency Telescope for CMB B-mode Polarization satellite LiteBIRD

Author: Sekimoto, Y., Ade, P. A. R., Adler, A., Allys, E., Arnold, K., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Austermann, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Banerji, R., Barreiro, R. B., Basak, S., Beall, J., Beck, D., Beckman, S., Bermejo, J., de Bernardis, P., Bersanelli, M., Bonis, J., Borrill, J., Boulanger, F., Bounissou, S., Brilenkov, M., Brown, M., Bucher, M., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Challinor, A., Chan, V., Cheung, K., Chinone, Y., Cliche, J. F., Colombo, L., Columbro, F., Cubas, J., Cukierman, A., Curtis, D., D'Alessandro, G., Dachlythra, N., De Petris, M., Dickinson, C., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Dobbs, M., Dotani, T., Duband, L., Duff, S., Duval, J. M., Ebisawa, K., Elleflot, T., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Essinger-Hileman, T., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloway, M., Ganga, K., Gao, J. R., Genova-Santos, R., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Gjerløw, E., Gradziel, M. L., Grain, J., Grupp, F., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., de Haan, T., Halverson, N. W., Hargrave, P., Hasebe, T., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, M., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herman, D., Herranz, D., Hill, C. A., Hilton, G., Hirota, Y., Hivon, E., Hlozek, R. A., Hoshino, Y., de la Hoz, E., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., iida, T., Imada, H., Ishimura, K., Ishino, H., Jaehnig, G., Kaga, T., Kashima, S., Katayama, N., Kato, A., Kawasaki, T., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Kobayashi, Y., Kogiso, N., Kogut, A., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Komatsu, K., Konishi, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kreykenbohm, I., Kuo, C. L., Kushino, A., Lamagna, L., Lanen, J. V., Lattanzi, M., Lee, A. T., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Linder, E., Louis, T., Luzzi, G., Maciaszek, T., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Maki, M., Mandelli, S., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matsumura, T., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Minanmi, Y., Mitsuda, K., Montgomery, J., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Murata, Y., Murphy, J. A., Nagai, M., Nagano, Y., Nagasaki, T., Nagata, R., Nakamura, S., Namikawa, T., Natoli, P., Nerval, S., Nishibori, T., Nishino, H., O'Sullivan, C., Ogawa, H., Oguri, S., Ohsaki, H., Ohta, I. S., Okada, N., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Peloton, J., Piacentini, F., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Poletti, D., Prouvé, T., Puglisi, G., Rambaud, D., Raum, C., Realini, S., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Roudil, G., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Russell, M., Sakurai, H., Sakurai, Y., Sandri, M., Sasaki, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seibert, J., Sherwin, B., Shinozaki, K., Shiraishi, M., Shirron, P., Signorelli, G., Smecher, G., Stever, S., Stompor, R., Sugai, H., Sugiyama, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, J., Svalheim, T. L., Switzer, E., Takaku, R., Takakura, H., Takakura, S., Takase, Y., Takeda, Y., Tartari, A., Taylor, E., Terao, Y., Thommesen, H., Thompson, K. L., Thorne, B., Toda, T., Tomasi, M., Tominaga, M., Trappe, N., Tristram, M., Tsuji, M., Tsujimoto, M., Tucker, C., Ullom, J., Vermeulen, G., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vissers, M., Vittorio, N., Wehus, I., Weller, J., Westbrook, B., Wilms, J., Winter, B., Wollack, E. J., Yamasaki, N. Y., Yoshida, T., Yumoto, J., Zannoni, M., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: LiteBIRD has been selected as JAXA's strategic large mission in the 2020s, to observe the cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-mode polarization over the full sky at large angular scales. The challenges of LiteBIRD are the wide field-of-view (FoV) and broadband capabilities of millimeter-wave polarization measurements, which are derived from the system requirements. The possible paths of stray light increase with a wider FoV and the far sidelobe knowledge of $-56$ dB is a challenging optical requirement. A crossed-Dragone configuration was chosen for the low frequency telescope (LFT : 34--161 GHz), one of LiteBIRD's onboard telescopes. It has a wide field-of-view ($18^\circ \times 9^\circ$) with an aperture of 400 mm in diameter, corresponding to an angular resolution of about 30 arcminutes around 100 GHz. The focal ratio f/3.0 and the crossing angle of the optical axes of 90$^\circ$ are chosen after an extensive study of the stray light. The primary and secondary reflectors have rectangular shapes with serrations to reduce the diffraction pattern from the edges of the mirrors. The reflectors and structure are made of aluminum to proportionally contract from warm down to the operating temperature at $5\,$K. A 1/4 scaled model of the LFT has been developed to validate the wide field-of-view design and to demonstrate the reduced far sidelobes. A polarization modulation unit (PMU), realized with a half-wave plate (HWP) is placed in front of the aperture stop, the entrance pupil of this system. A large focal plane with approximately 1000 AlMn TES detectors and frequency multiplexing SQUID amplifiers is cooled to 100 mK. The lens and sinuous antennas have broadband capability. Performance specifications of the LFT and an outline of the proposed verification plan are presented., Comment: 21 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2021
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54. Plasma CXCL4–DNA/RNA Complexes and Anti-CXCL4 Antibodies Modulation in an SSc Cohort under Iloprost Treatment

Author: Anna Mennella, Katia Stefanantoni, Raffaella Palazzo, Giuseppe Ocone, Immacolata Pietraforte, Simona Truglia, Ilaria Bisconti, Alba Pisacreta, Valeria Riccieri, Roberto Lande, and Loredana Frasca
Subjects: systemic sclerosis (SSc), iloprost, type I interferon (IFN-I), CXCL4, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), Medicine (General), R5-920, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract: Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by vascular and immunity alterations and skin/internal organ fibrosis. Aberrant levels of plasma CXCL4, CXCL4–RNA/DNA complexes, type I IFN (IFN-I) and anti-CXCL4 antibodies characterize SSc. These parameters influence each other: CXCL4–self-DNA/RNA complexes are triggers of IFN-I in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), and anti-CXCL4 autoantibodies amplify this effect. Here, we assess the modulation over time of plasma CXCL4 and the related parameters of CXCL4–DNA/RNA complexes, anti-CXCL4 antibodies, IFN-α and TNF-α in an SSc cohort under the synthetic analogue of prostacyclin PGI2 (iloprost) treatment to address contribution of these parameters to pathogenesis and their role as biomarkers. Methods: We analyzed immunological parameters at baseline (T0) and after 3 (T3) and 6 (T6) months in 30 SSc patients. Responders were the patients that lowered their disease activity parameters after six months of treatment. Results: Anti-CXCL4 autoantibodies correlated with both IFN-α and TNF-α levels in SSc plasma. Responders significantly down-regulated serum IFN-α. In seven patients with a shorter disease duration, improvement coincides with a decrease in plasma IFN-α, CXCL4 and TNF-α. Iloprost efficiently blocks pDCs IFN-α production induced by CXCL4–DNA/RNA complexes in vitro. Conclusions: The data suggest a possible role of iloprost as a disease-modifying drug, mainly accompanied by down-regulation of plasma IFN-I levels. Since CXCL4, IFN-I and TNF-α down-modulation was evident and significant in improving SSc patients with a shorter disease duration, these results warrant future investigations on the early use of iloprost to slow SSc progression.
Published: 2024
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55. Increasing the Robustness of Drone Operations with Galileo Open Service Navigation Message Authentication (OSNMA).

Author: Sophie Damy, Luca Cucchi, Alberto Mennella, Gianluca Luisi, Matteo Paonni, and Ignacio Fernández-Hernández
Published: 2023
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56. Ethical and regulatory challenges of AI technologies in healthcare: A narrative review

Author: Mennella, Ciro, Maniscalco, Umberto, De Pietro, Giuseppe, and Esposito, Massimo
Published: 2024
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57. DPCD is a regulator of R2TP in ciliogenesis initiation through Akt signaling

Author: Mao, Yu-Qian, Seraphim, Thiago V., Wan, Yimei, Wu, Ruikai, Coyaud, Etienne, Bin Munim, Muhammad, Mollica, Antonio, Laurent, Estelle, Babu, Mohan, Mennella, Vito, Raught, Brian, and Houry, Walid A.
Published: 2024
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58. Short-term consumption of highly processed diets varying in macronutrient content impair the sense of smell and brain metabolism in mice

Author: Makhlouf, Melanie, Souza, Débora G., Kurian, Smija, Bellaver, Bruna, Ellis, Hillary, Kuboki, Akihito, Al-Naama, Asma, Hasnah, Reem, Venturin, Gianina Teribele, Costa da Costa, Jaderson, Venugopal, Neethu, Manoel, Diogo, Mennella, Julie, Reisert, Johannes, Tordoff, Michael G., Zimmer, Eduardo R., and Saraiva, Luis R.
Published: 2024
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59. Ethical and regulatory challenges of AI technologies in healthcare: A narrative review

Author: Ciro Mennella, Umberto Maniscalco, Giuseppe De Pietro, and Massimo Esposito
Subjects: Artificial intelligence, Technologies, Decision-making, Healthcare, Ethics, Regulatory guidelines, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: Over the past decade, there has been a notable surge in AI-driven research, specifically geared toward enhancing crucial clinical processes and outcomes. The potential of AI-powered decision support systems to streamline clinical workflows, assist in diagnostics, and enable personalized treatment is increasingly evident. Nevertheless, the introduction of these cutting-edge solutions poses substantial challenges in clinical and care environments, necessitating a thorough exploration of ethical, legal, and regulatory considerations.A robust governance framework is imperative to foster the acceptance and successful implementation of AI in healthcare. This article delves deep into the critical ethical and regulatory concerns entangled with the deployment of AI systems in clinical practice. It not only provides a comprehensive overview of the role of AI technologies but also offers an insightful perspective on the ethical and regulatory challenges, making a pioneering contribution to the field.This research aims to address the current challenges in digital healthcare by presenting valuable recommendations for all stakeholders eager to advance the development and implementation of innovative AI systems.
Published: 2024
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60. DPCD is a regulator of R2TP in ciliogenesis initiation through Akt signaling

Author: Yu-Qian Mao, Thiago V. Seraphim, Yimei Wan, Ruikai Wu, Etienne Coyaud, Muhammad Bin Munim, Antonio Mollica, Estelle Laurent, Mohan Babu, Vito Mennella, Brian Raught, and Walid A. Houry
Subjects: CP: Cell biology, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Summary: R2TP is a chaperone complex consisting of the AAA+ ATPases RUVBL1 and RUVBL2, as well as RPAP3 and PIH1D1 proteins. R2TP is responsible for the assembly of macromolecular complexes mainly acting through different adaptors. Using proximity-labeling mass spectrometry, we identified deleted in primary ciliary dyskinesia (DPCD) as an adaptor of R2TP. Here, we demonstrate that R2TP-DPCD influences ciliogenesis initiation through a unique mechanism by interaction with Akt kinase to regulate its phosphorylation levels rather than its stability. We further show that DPCD is a heart-shaped monomeric protein with two domains. A highly conserved region in the cysteine- and histidine-rich domains-containing proteins and SGT1 (CS) domain of DPCD interacts with the RUVBL2 DII domain with high affinity to form a stable R2TP-DPCD complex both in cellulo and in vitro. Considering that DPCD is one among several CS-domain-containing proteins found to associate with RUVBL1/2, we propose that RUVBL1/2 are CS-domain-binding proteins that regulate complex assembly and downstream signaling.
Published: 2024
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61. Short-term consumption of highly processed diets varying in macronutrient content impair the sense of smell and brain metabolism in mice

Author: Melanie Makhlouf, Débora G. Souza, Smija Kurian, Bruna Bellaver, Hillary Ellis, Akihito Kuboki, Asma Al-Naama, Reem Hasnah, Gianina Teribele Venturin, Jaderson Costa da Costa, Neethu Venugopal, Diogo Manoel, Julie Mennella, Johannes Reisert, Michael G. Tordoff, Eduardo R. Zimmer, and Luis R. Saraiva
Subjects: Highly processed food, Diet, Olfaction, Metabolism, Obesity, Internal medicine, RC31-1245
Abstract: Objective: Food processing greatly contributed to increased food safety, diversity, and accessibility. However, the prevalence of highly palatable and highly processed food in our modern diet has exacerbated obesity rates and contributed to a global health crisis. While accumulating evidence suggests that chronic consumption of such foods is detrimental to sensory and neural physiology, it is unclear whether its short-term intake has adverse effects. Here, we assessed how short-term consumption (
Published: 2024
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62. BeyondPlanck VI. Noise characterization and modelling

Author: Ihle, H. T., Bersanelli, M., Franceschet, C., Gjerløw, E., Andersen, K. J., Aurlien, R., Banerji, R., Bertocco, S., Brilenkov, M., Carbone, M., Colombo, L. P. L., Eriksen, H. K., Eskilt, J. R., Foss, M. K., Fuskeland, U., Galeotta, S., Galloway, M., Gerakakis, S., Hensley, B., Herman, D., Iacobellis, M., Ieronymaki, M., Jewell, J. B., Karakci, A., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Maris, M., Mennella, A., Paradiso, S., Partridge, B., Reinecke, M., San, M., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Svalheim, T. L., Tavagnacco, D., Thommesen, H., Watts, D. J., Wehus, I. K., and Zacchei, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a Bayesian method for estimating instrumental noise parameters and propagating noise uncertainties within the global BeyondPlanck Gibbs sampling framework, and apply this to Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) time-ordered data. Following previous literature, we initially adopt a $1/f$ model for the noise power spectral density (PSD), but find the need for an additional lognormal component in the noise model for the 30 and 44\,GHz bands. We implement an optimal Wiener-filter (or constrained realization) gap-filling procedure to account for masked data. We then use this procedure to both estimate the gapless correlated noise in the time-domain, $n_\mathrm{corr}$, and to sample the noise PSD parameters, $\xi^n = \{\sigma_0, f_\mathrm{knee}, \alpha, A_\mathrm{p}\}$. In contrast to previous \textit{Planck} analyses, we assume piecewise stationary noise only within each pointing period (PID), not throughout the full mission, but we adopt the LFI Data Processing Center (DPC) results as priors on $\alpha$ and $f_\mathrm{knee}$. On average, we find best-fit correlated noise parameters that are mostly consistent with previous results, with a few notable exceptions. However, a detailed inspection of the time-dependent results reveals many important findings. First and foremost, we find strong evidence for statistically significant temporal variations in all noise PSD parameters, many of which are directly correlated with satellite housekeeping data. Second, while the simple $1/f$ model appears to be an excellent fit for the LFI 70 GHz channel, there is evidence for additional correlated noise not described by a $1/f$ model in the 30 and 44 GHz channels, including within the primary science frequency range of 0.1--1 Hz. (Abridged), Comment: 26 pages, 29 figures, as accepted in A&A
Published: 2020
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63. BeyondPlanck II. CMB map-making through Gibbs sampling

Author: Keihänen, E., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Andersen, K. J., Aurlien, R., Banerji, R., Bersanelli, M., Bertocco, S., Brilenkov, M., Carbone, M., Colombo, L. P. L., Eriksen, H. K., Foss, M. K., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galeotta, S., Galloway, M., Gerakakis, S., Gjerløw, E., Hensley, B., Herman, D., Iacobellis, M., Ieronymaki, M., Ihle, H. T., Jewell, J. B., Karakci, A., Keskitalo, R., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Maris, M., Mennella, A., Paradiso, S., Partridge, B., Reinecke, M., Svalheim, T. L., Tavagnacco, D., Thommesen, H., Tomasi, M., Watts, D. J., Wehus, I. K., and Zacchei, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a Gibbs sampling solution to the map-making problem for CMB measurements, building on existing destriping methodology. Gibbs sampling breaks the computationally heavy destriping problem into two separate steps; noise filtering and map binning. Considered as two separate steps, both are computationally much cheaper than solving the combined problem. This provides a huge performance benefit as compared to traditional methods, and allows us for the first time to bring the destriping baseline length to a single sample. We apply the Gibbs procedure to simulated Planck 30 GHz data. We find that gaps in the time-ordered data are handled efficiently by filling them with simulated noise as part of the Gibbs process. The Gibbs procedure yields a chain of map samples, from which we may compute the posterior mean as a best-estimate map. The variation in the chain provides information on the correlated residual noise, without need to construct a full noise covariance matrix. However, if only a single maximum-likelihood frequency map estimate is required, we find that traditional conjugate gradient solvers converge much faster than a Gibbs sampler in terms of total number of iterations. The conceptual advantages of the Gibbs sampling approach lies in statistically well-defined error propagation and systematic error correction, and this methodology forms the conceptual basis for the map-making algorithm employed in the BeyondPlanck framework, which implements the first end-to-end Bayesian analysis pipeline for CMB observations., Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures. All BeyondPlanck products and software will be released publicly at http://beyondplanck.science during the online release conference (November 18-20, 2020). Connection details will be made available at the same website. Registration is mandatory for the online tutorial, but optional for the conference
Published: 2020
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64. BeyondPlanck I. Global Bayesian analysis of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument data

Author: BeyondPlanck Collaboration, Andersen, K. J., Aurlien, R., Banerji, R., Basyrov, A., Bersanelli, M., Bertocco, S., Brilenkov, M., Carbone, M., Colombo, L. P. L., Eriksen, H. K., Eskilt, J. R., Foss, M. K., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galeotta, S., Galloway, M., Gerakakis, S., Gjerløw, E., Hensley, B., Herman, D., Iacobellis, M., Ieronymaki, M., Ihle, H. T., Jewell, J. B., Karakci, A., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Lunde, J. G. S., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Maris, M., Mennella, A., Paradiso, S., Partridge, B., Reinecke, M., San, M., Stutzer, N. -O., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Svalheim, T. L., Tavagnacco, D., Thommesen, H., Watts, D. J., Wehus, I. K., and Zacchei, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We describe the BeyondPlanck project in terms of motivation, methodology and main products, and provide a guide to a set of companion papers that describe each result in fuller detail. We implement a complete end-to-end Bayesian analysis framework for the Planck LFI observations. The primary product is a full joint posterior distribution $P(\omega|d)$, where $\omega$ represents the set of all free instrumental, astrophysical, and cosmological parameters. Notable advantages of this approach are seamless end-to-end propagation of uncertainties; accurate modeling of both astrophysical and instrumental effects in the most natural basis for each uncertain quantity; optimized computational costs with little or no need for intermediate human interaction between various analysis steps; and a complete overview of the entire analysis process within one single framework. We focus in particular on low-$\ell$ CMB polarization reconstruction with Planck LFI. We identify several important new effects that have not been accounted for in previous pipelines, including gain over-smoothing and time-variable and non-$1/f$ correlated noise in the 30 and 44 GHz channels. We find that all results are consistent with the $\Lambda$CDM model, and we constrain the reionization optical depth to $\tau=0.066\pm0.013$, with a low-resolution $\chi^2$ probability-to-exceed of 32%. This uncertainty is about 30% larger than the official pipelines, arising from taking into account a more complete instrumental model. The marginal CMB Solar dipole amplitude is $3362.7\pm1.4\mu\mathrm{K}$, where the error bar is derived directly from the posterior distribution without the need of any ad-hoc instrumental corrections. We are currently not aware of any significant unmodelled systematic effects remaining in the Planck LFI data, and, for the first time, the 44 GHz channel is fully exploited. (Abridged.), Comment: 61 pages, 31 figures, submitted to A&A. Major revision: Previously reported unresolved effects are now understood and mitigated. This paper version concludes the BeyondPlanck project. All BeyondPlanck products and software are available at https://cosmoglobe.uio.no
Published: 2020
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65. QUBIC I: Overview and ScienceProgram

Author: Hamilton, J. -Ch., Mousset, L., Battistelli, E. S., Bigot-Sazy, M. -A., Chanial, P., Charlassier, R., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Grandsire, L., Lau, S., Marnieros, S., Masi, S., Mennella, A., O'Sullivan, C., Piat, M., Riccardi, G., Scóccola, C., Stolpovskiy, M., Tartari, A., Torchinsky, S. A., Voisin, F., Zannoni, M., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Amico, G., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Banfi, S., Bélier, B., Baù, A., Bennett, D., Bergé, L., Bernard, J. -Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bunn, E., Burke, D., Buzi, D., Cavaliere, F., Chapron, C., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., Dheilly, S., Duca, C., Dumoulin, L., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Franceschet, C., Ganga, K. M., García, B., Redondo, M. E. García, Gaspard, M., Gayer, D., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Berisso, M. Gómez, González, M., Gradziel, M., Hampel, M. R., Harari, D., Henrot-Versillé, S., Incardona, F., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Kristukat, C., Lamagna, L., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Maffei, B., Marty, W., Mattei, A., May, A., McCulloch, M., Mele, L., Melo, D., Montier, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Murphy, J. D., Nati, F., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Paiella, A., Pajot, F., Passerini, A., Pastoriza, H., Pelosi, A., Perbost, C., Perciballi, M., Pezzotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Prêle, D., Puddu, R., Rambaud, D., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Rasztocky, E., Salum, J. M., Schillaci, A., Scully, S., Spinelli, S., Stankowiak, G., Supanitsky, A. D., Thermeau, J. -P., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Tucker, C., Tucker, G., Viganò, D., Vittorio, N., Wicek, F., Wright, M., and Zullo, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Q $\&$ U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology (QUBIC) is a novel kind of polarimeter optimized for the measurement of the B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), which is one of the major challenges of observational cosmology. The signal is expected to be of the order of a few tens of nK, prone to instrumental systematic effects and polluted by various astrophysical foregrounds which can only be controlled through multichroic observations. QUBIC is designed to address these observational issues with a novel approach that combines the advantages of interferometry in terms of control of instrumental systematic effects with those of bolometric detectors in terms of wide-band, background-limited sensitivity. The QUBIC synthesized beam has a frequency-dependent shape that results in the ability to produce maps of the CMB polarization in multiple sub-bands within the two physical bands of the instrument (150 and 220 GHz). These features make QUBIC complementary to other instruments and makes it particularly well suited to characterize and remove Galactic foreground contamination. In this article, first of a series of eight, we give an overview of the QUBIC instrument design, the main results of the calibration campaign, and present the scientific program of QUBIC including not only the measurement of primordial B-modes, but also the measurement of Galactic foregrounds. We give forecasts for typical observations and measurements: with three years of integration on the sky and assuming perfect foreground removal as well as stable atmospheric conditions from our site in Argentina, our simulations show that we can achieve a statistical sensitivity to the effective tensor-to-scalar ratio (including primordial and foreground B-modes) $\sigma(r)=0.015$., Comment: 34 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication by JCAP. Overview paper for a series of 8 QUBIC articles special JCAP edition dedicated to QUBIC
Published: 2020
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66. QUBIC II: Spectro-Polarimetry with Bolometric Interferometry

Author: Mousset, L., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Battistelli, E. S., de Bernardis, P., Chanial, P., D'Alessandro, G., Dashyan, G., De Petris, M., Grandsire, L., Hamilton, J. -Ch., Incardona, F., Landau, S., Marnieros, S., Masi, S., Mennella, A., O'Sullivan, C., Piat, M., Ricciardi, G., Scóccola, C. G., Stolpovskiy, M., Tartari, A., Thermeau, J. -P., Torchinsky, S. A., Voisin, F., Zannoni, M., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Amico, G., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Banfi, S., Bélier, B., Baù, A., Bennett, D., Bergé, L., Bernard, J. -Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bigot-Sazy, M. -A., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bunn, E., Burke, D., Buzi, D., Cavaliere, F., Chapron, C., Charlassier, R., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., Dheilly, S., Duca, C., Dumoulin, L., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Franceschet, C., Ganga, K. M., García, B., Redondo, M. E. García, Gaspard, M., Gayer, D., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Berisso, M. Gómez, González, M., Gradziel, M., Hampel, M. R., Harari, D., Henrot-Versillé, S., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Kristukat, C., Lamagna, L., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Maffei, B., Marty, W., Mattei, A., May, A., McCulloch, M., Mele, L., Melo, D., Montier, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Murphy, J. D., Nati, F., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Paiella, A., Pajot, F., Passerini, A., Pastoriza, H., Pelosi, A., Perbost, C., Perciballi, M., Pezzotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Prêle, D., Puddu, R., Rambaud, D., Rasztocky, E., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Salum, J. M., Schillaci, A., Scully, S., Spinelli, S., Stankowiak, G., Supanitsky, A. D., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Tucker, G., Tucker, C., Viganò, D., Vittorio, N., Wicek, F., Wright, M., and Zullo, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Bolometric interferometry is a novel technique that has the ability to perform spectral imaging. A bolometric interferometer observes the sky in a wide frequency band and can reconstruct sky maps in several sub-bands within the physical band in post-processing of the data. This provides a powerful spectral method to discriminate between the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and astrophysical foregrounds. In this paper, the methodology is illustrated with examples based on the Q \& U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology (QUBIC) which is a ground-based instrument designed to measure the B-mode polarization of the sky at millimeter wavelengths. We consider the specific cases of point source reconstruction and Galactic dust mapping and we characterize the point spread function as a function of frequency. We study the noise properties of spectral imaging, especially the correlations between sub-bands, using end-to-end simulations together with a fast noise simulator. We conclude showing that spectral imaging performance are nearly optimal up to five sub-bands in the case of QUBIC., Comment: 27 pages, 18 figures. Accepted by JCAP on July 6, 2021. Second paper of series of 8 in a special JCAP edition on QUBIC
Published: 2020
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67. Infrared detection of aliphatic organics on a cometary nucleus

Author: Raponi, A., Ciarniello, M., Capaccioni, F., Mennella, V., Filacchione, G., Vinogradoff, V., Poch, O., Beck, P., Quirico, E., De Sanctis, M. C., Moroz, L., Kappel, D., Erard, S., Bockelée-Morvan, D., Longobardo, A., Tosi, F., Palomba, E., Combe, J. -P., Rousseau, B., Arnold, G., Carlson, R. W., Pommerol, A., Pilorget, C., Fornasier, S., Bellucci, G., Barucci, A., Mancarella, F., Formisan, M., Rinaldi, G., Istiqomah, I., and Leyrat, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The ESA Rosetta mission has acquired unprecedented measurements of comet 67/P-Churyumov-Gerasimenko (hereafter 67P) nucleus surface, whose composition, as determined by in situ and remote sensing instruments including VIRTIS (Visible, InfraRed and Thermal Imaging Spectrometer) appears to be made by an assemblage of ices, minerals, and organic material. We performed a refined analysis of infrared observations of the nucleus of comet 67P carried out by the VIRTIS-M hyperspectral imager. We found that the overall shape of the 67P infrared spectrum is similar to that of other carbon-rich outer solar system objects suggesting a possible genetic link with them. More importantly, we are also able to confirm the complex spectral structure of the wide 2.8-3.6 micron absorption feature populated by fainter bands. Among these, we unambiguously identified the presence of aliphatic organics by their ubiquitous 3.38, 3.42 and 3.47 micron bands. This novel infrared detection of aliphatic species on a cometary surface has strong implications for the evolutionary history of the primordial solar system and give evidence that comets provide an evolutionary link between interstellar material and solar system bodies.
Published: 2020
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68. QUBIC VII: The feedhorn-switch system of the technological demonstrator

Author: Cavaliere, F., Mennella, A., Zannoni, M., Battaglia, P., Battistelli, E. S., Burke, D., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., Franceschet, C., Grandsire, L., Hamilton, J. -Ch., Maffei, B., Manzan, E., Marnieros, S., Masi, S., O'Sullivan, C., Passerini, A., Pezzotta, F., Piat, M., Tartari, A., Torchinsky, S. A., Viganò, D., Voisin, F., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Amico, G., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Bélier, B., Baù, A., Banfi, S., Bennett, D., Bergé, L., Bernard, J. -Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bigot-Sazy, M. -A., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bunn, E., Buzi, D., Chanial, P., Chapron, C., Charlassier, R., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., Dheilly, S., Duca, C., Dumoulin, L., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Berisso, M. Gómez, Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Ganga, K. M., García, B., Redondo, M. E. García, Gaspard, M., Gayer, D., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., González, M., Gradziel, M., Hampel, M. R., Harari, D., Henrot-Versillé, S., Incardona, F., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Kristukat, C., Lamagna, L., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Marty, W., Mattei, A., May, A., McCulloch, M., Mele, L., Melo, D., Montier, L., Mousset, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Murphy, J. D., Nati, F., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Pagana, E., Paiella, A., Pajot, F., Pastoriza, H., Pelosi, A., Perbost, C., Perciballi, M., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Prêle, D., Puddu, R., Rambaud, D., Rasztocky, E., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Salum, J. M., Scóccola, C., Schillaci, A., Scully, S., Spinelli, S., Stankowiak, G., Stolpovskiy, M., Supanitsky, A. D., Thermeau, J. -P., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Tucker, G., Tucker, C., Vittorio, N., Wicek, F., Wright, M., and Zullo, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We present the design, manufacturing and performance of the horn-switch system developed for the technological demonstrator of QUBIC (the $Q$\&$U$ Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology). This system is constituted of 64 back-to-back dual-band (150\,GHz and 220\,GHz) corrugated feed-horns interspersed with mechanical switches used to select desired baselines during the instrument self-calibration. We manufactured the horns in aluminum platelets milled by photo-chemical etching and mechanically tightened with screws. The switches are based on steel blades that open and close the wave-guide between the back-to-back horns and are operated by miniaturized electromagnets. We also show the current development status of the feedhorn-switch system for the QUBIC full instrument, based on an array of 400 horn-switch assemblies., Comment: 30 pages, 28 figures. Accepted for submission to JCAP
Published: 2020
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69. The large scale polarization explorer (LSPE) for CMB measurements: performance forecast

Author: The LSPE collaboration, Addamo, G., Ade, P. A. R., Baccigalupi, C., Baldini, A. M., Battaglia, P. M., Battistelli, E. S., Baù, A., de Bernardis, P., Bersanelli, M., Biasotti, M., Boscaleri, A., Caccianiga, B., Caprioli, S., Cavaliere, F., Cei, F., Cleary, K. A., Columbro, F., Coppi, G., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., De Gasperis, G., De Petris, M., Fafone, V., Farsian, F., Barusso, L. Ferrari, Fontanelli, F., Franceschet, C., Gaier, T. C., Galli, L., Gatti, F., Genova-Santos, R., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Grosso, D., Gruppuso, A., Gualtieri, R., Incardona, F., Jones, M. E., Kangaslahti, P., Krachmalnicoff, N., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., López-Caraballo, C. H., Lumia, M., Mainini, R., Maino, D., Mandelli, S., Maris, M., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., May, A., Mele, L., Mena, P., Mennella, A., Molina, R., Molinari, D., Morgante, G., Natale, U., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Panico, F., Paonessa, F., Paradiso, S., Passerini, A., Perez-de-Taoro, M., Peverini, O. A., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Poletti, D., Presta, G., Realini, S., Reyes, N., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Sandri, M., Sartor, S., Pezzotta, F., Polenta, G., Rocchi, A., Schillaci, A., Signorelli, G., Siri, B., Soria, M., Spinella, F., Tapia, V., Tartari, A., Taylor, A. C., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tommasi, E., Tucker, C., Vaccaro, D., Vigano, D. M., Villa, F., Virone, G., Vittorio, N., Volpe, A., Watkins, R. E. J., Zacchei, A., and Zannoni, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: [Abridged] The measurement of the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation is one of the current frontiers in cosmology. In particular, the detection of the primordial B-modes, could reveal the presence of gravitational waves in the early Universe. The detection of such component is at the moment the most promising technique to probe the inflationary theory describing the very early evolution of the Universe. We present the updated performance forecast of the Large Scale Polarization Explorer (LSPE), a program dedicated to the measurement of the CMB polarization. LSPE is composed of two instruments: Strip, a radiometer-based telescope on the ground in Tenerife, and SWIPE (Short-Wavelength Instrument for the Polarization Explorer) a bolometer-based instrument designed to fly on a winter arctic stratospheric long-duration balloon. The program is among the few dedicated to observation of the Northern Hemisphere, while most of the international effort is focused into ground-based observation in the Southern Hemisphere. Measurements are currently scheduled in Winter 2021/22 for SWIPE, with a flight duration up to 15 days, and in Summer 2021 with two years observations for Strip. We describe the main features of the two instruments, identifying the most critical aspects of the design, in terms of impact into performance forecast. We estimate the expected sensitivity of each instrument and propagate their combined observing power to the sensitivity to cosmological parameters, including the effect of scanning strategy, component separation, residual foregrounds and partial sky coverage. We also set requirements on the control of the most critical systematic effects and describe techniques to mitigate their impact. LSPE can reach a sensitivity in tensor-to-scalar ratio of $\sigma_r<0.01$, and improve constrains on other cosmological parameters., Comment: Submitted to JCAP. Abstract abridged for arXiv submission
Published: 2020
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70. QUBIC V: Cryogenic system design and performance

Author: Masi, S., Battistelli, E. S., de Bernardis, P., Chapron, C., Columbro, F., D'Alessandro, G., De Petris, M., Grandsire, L., Hamilton, J. -Ch., Marnieros, S., Mele, L., May, A., Mennella, A., O'Sullivan, C., Paiella, A., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Piccirillo, L., Presta, G., Schillaci, A., Tartari, A., Thermeau, J. -P., Torchinsky, S. A., Voisin, F., Zannoni, M., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Amico, G., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Banfi, S., Bélier, B., Baù, A., Bennett, D., Bergé, L., Bernard, J. -Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bigot-Sazy, M. -A., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bunn, E., Burke, D., Buzi, D., Cavaliere, F., Chanial, P., Charlassier, R., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Coppolecchia, A., De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., Dheilly, S., Duca, C., Dumoulin, L., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Franceschet, C., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Ganga, K. M., García, B., Redondo, M. E. García, Gaspard, M., Gayer, D., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Berisso, M. Gómez, González, M., Gradziel, M., Hampel, M. R., Harari, D., Henrot-Versillé, S., Incardona, F., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Kristukat, C., Lamagna, L., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Maffei, B., Marty, W., Mattei, A., McCulloch, M., Melo, D., Montier, L., Mousset, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Murphy, J. D., Nati, F., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Pajot, F., Passerini, A., Pastoriza, H., Pelosi, A., Perbost, C., Perciballi, M., Pezzotta, F., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Prêle, D., Puddu, R., Rambaud, D., Rasztocky, E., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Salum, J. M., Scóccola, C. G., Scully, S., Spinelli, S., Stankowiak, G., Stolpovskiy, M., Supanitsky, A. D., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Tucker, G., Tucker, C., Viganò, D., Vittorio, N., Wicek, F., Wright, M., and Zullo, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Current experiments aimed at measuring the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) use cryogenic detector arrays and cold optical systems to boost the mapping speed of the sky survey. For these reasons, large volume cryogenic systems, with large optical windows, working continuously for years, are needed. Here we report on the cryogenic system of the QUBIC (Q and U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology) experiment: we describe its design, fabrication, experimental optimization and validation in the Technological Demonstrator configuration. The QUBIC cryogenic system is based on a large volume cryostat, using two pulse-tube refrigerators to cool at ~3K a large (~1 m^3) volume, heavy (~165kg) instrument, including the cryogenic polarization modulator, the corrugated feedhorns array, and the lower temperature stages; a 4He evaporator cooling at ~1K the interferometer beam combiner; a 3He evaporator cooling at ~0.3K the focal-plane detector arrays. The cryogenic system has been tested and validated for more than 6 months of continuous operation. The detector arrays have reached a stable operating temperature of 0.33K, while the polarization modulator has been operated from a ~10K base temperature. The system has been tilted to cover the boresight elevation range 20 deg -90 deg without significant temperature variations. The instrument is now ready for deployment to the high Argentinean Andes., Comment: This is one of a series of papers on the QUBIC experiment status - This version of the paper matches the one accepted for publication on Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Published: 2020
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71. QUBIC VI: cryogenic half wave plate rotator, design and performances

Author: D'Alessandro, G., Mele, L., Columbro, F., Amico, G., Battistelli, E. S., de Bernardis, P., Coppolecchia, A., De Petris, M., Grandsire, L., Hamilton, J. -Ch., Lamagna, L., Marnieros, S., Masi, S., Mennella, A., O'Sullivan, C., Paiella, A., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pisano, G., Presta, G., Tartari, A., Torchinsky, S. A., Voisin, F., Zannoni, M., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Banfi, S., Bélier, B., Baù, A., Bennett, D., Bergé, L., Bernard, J. -Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bigot-Sazy, M. -A., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bunn, E., Burke, D., Buzi, D., Cavaliere, F., Chanial, P., Chapron, C., Charlassier, R., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., Dheilly, S., Duca, C., Dumoulin, L., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Franceschet, C., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Ganga, K. M., García, B., Redondo, M. E. García, Gaspard, M., Gayer, D., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Berisso, M. Gómez, González, M., Gradziel, M., Hampel, M. R., Harari, D., Henrot-Versillé, S., Incardona, F., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Kristukat, C., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Maffei, B., Marty, W., Mattei, A., May, A., McCulloch, M., Melo, D., Montier, L., Mousset, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Murphy, J. D., Nati, F., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Pajot, F., Passerini, A., Pastoriza, H., Pelosi, A., Perbost, C., Perciballi, M., Pezzotta, F., Piccirillo, L., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Prêle, D., Puddu, R., Rambaud, D., Rasztocky, E., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Salum, J. M., Schillaci, A., Scóccola, C. G., Scully, S., Spinelli, S., Stankowiak, G., Stolpovskiy, M., Supanitsky, A. D., Thermeau, J. -P., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Tucker, G., Tucker, C., Viganò, D., Vittorio, N., Wicek, F., Wright, M., and Zullo, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Inflation Gravity Waves B-Modes polarization detection is the ultimate goal of modern large angular scale cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments around the world. A big effort is undergoing with the deployment of many ground-based, balloon-borne and satellite experiments using different methods to separate this faint polarized component from the incoming radiation. One of the largely used technique is the Stokes Polarimetry that uses a rotating half-wave plate (HWP) and a linear polarizer to separate and modulate the polarization components with low residual cross-polarization. This paper describes the QUBIC Stokes Polarimeter highlighting its design features and its performances. A common systematic with these devices is the generation of large spurious signals synchronous with the rotation and proportional to the emissivity of the optical elements. A key feature of the QUBIC Stokes Polarimeter is to operate at cryogenic temperature in order to minimize this unwanted component. Moving efficiently this large optical element at low temperature constitutes a big engineering challenge in order to reduce friction power dissipation. Big attention has been given during the designing phase to minimize the differential thermal contractions between parts. The rotation is driven by a stepper motor placed outside the cryostat to avoid thermal load dissipation at cryogenic temperature. The tests and the results presented in this work show that the QUBIC polarimeter can easily achieve a precision below 0.1{\deg} in positioning simply using the stepper motor precision and the optical absolute encoder. The rotation induces only few mK of extra power load on the second cryogenic stage (~ 8 K)., Comment: Part of a series of 8 papers on QUBIC to be submitted to a special issue of JCAP
Published: 2020
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72. QUBIC VIII: Optical design and performance

Author: O'Sullivan, C., De Petris, M., Amico, G., Battistelli, E. S., Burke, D., Buzi, D., Chapron, C., Conversi, L., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Leo, M., Gayer, D., Grandsire, L., Hamilton, J. -Ch., Marnieros, S., Masi, S., Mattei, A., Mennella, A., Mousset, L., Murphy, J. D., Pelosi, A., Perciballi, M., Piat, M., Scully, S., Tartari, A., Torchinsky, S. A., Voisin, F., Zannoni, M., Zullo, A., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Banfi, S., Bélier, B., Bau, A., Bennett, D., Berge, L., Bernard, J. -Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bigot-Sazy, M. -A., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bunn, E., Cavaliere, F., Chanial, P., Charlassier, R., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., De Gasperis, G., Dheilly, S., Duca, C., Dumoulin, L., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Franceschet, C., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Ganga, K. M., García, B., Redondo, M. E. García, Gaspard, M., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., GomezBerisso, M., Gonzalez, M., Gradziel, M., Hampel, M. R., Harari, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Incardona, F., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Kristukat, C., Lamagna, L., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Maffei, B., Marty, W., May, A., McCulloch, M., Mele, L., Melo, D., Montier, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Nati, F., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Paiella, A., Pajot, F., Passerini, A., Pastoriza, H., Perbost, C., Pezzotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Prele, D., Puddu, R., Rambaud, D., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Rasztocky, E., Salum, J. M., Schillaci, A., Scoccola, C., Spinelli, S., Stankowiak, G., Stolpovskiy, M., Supanitsky, A. D., Thermeau, J. -P., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Tucker, G., Tucker, C., Vigano, D., Vittorio, N., Wicek, F., and Wright, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Q and U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology (QUBIC) is a ground-based experiment that aims to detect B-mode polarisation anisotropies in the CMB at angular scales around the l=100 recombination peak. Systematic errors make ground-based observations of B modes at millimetre wavelengths very challenging and QUBIC mitigates these problems in a somewhat complementary way to other existing or planned experiments using the novel technique of bolometric interferometry. This technique takes advantage of the sensitivity of an imager and the systematic error control of an interferometer. A cold reflective optical combiner superimposes there-emitted beams from 400 aperture feedhorns on two focal planes. A shielding system composedof a fixed groundshield, and a forebaffle that moves with the instrument, limits the impact of local contaminants. The modelling, design, manufacturing and preliminary measurements of the optical components are described in this paper., Comment: Part of a series of 8 papers on QUBIC to be published in a special issue of JCAP. Accepted for publication
Published: 2020
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73. QUBIC III: Laboratory Characterization

Author: Torchinsky, S. A., Hamilton, J. -Ch., Piat, M., Battistelli, E. S., Chapron, C., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, González, M., Grandsire, L., Masi, S., Marnieros, S., Mennella, A., Mousset, L., Murphy, J. D., Prêle, D., Stankowiak, G., O'Sullivan, C., Tartari, A., Thermeau, J. -P., Voisin, F., Zannoni, M., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Amico, G., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Banfi, S., Bélier, B., Baù, A., Bennett, D., Bergé, L., Bernard, J. -Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bigot-Sazy, M. -A., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bunn, E., Burke, D., Buzi, D., Cavaliere, F., Chanial, P., Charlassier, R., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., Dheilly, S., Duca, C., Dumoulin, L., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Franceschet, C., Ganga, K. M., García, B., Redondo, M. E. García, Gaspard, M., Gayer, D., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Berisso, M. Gómez, Gradziel, M., Hampel, M. R., Harari, D., Henrot-Versillé, S., Incardona, F., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Kristukat, C., Lamagna, L., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Maffei, B., Marty, W., Mattei, A., May, A., McCulloch, M., Mele, L., Melo, D., Montier, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Nati, F., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Paiella, A., Pajot, F., Passerini, A., Pastoriza, H., Pelosi, A., Perbost, C., Perciballi, M., Pezzotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Puddu, R., Rambaud, D., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Rasztocky, E., Salum, J. M., Schillaci, A., Scóccola, C., Scully, S., Spinelli, S., Stolpovskiy, M., Supanitsky, A. D., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Tucker, G., Tucker, C., Viganò, D., Vittorio, N., Wicek, F., Wright, M., and Zullo, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: A prototype version of the Q & U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology (QUBIC) underwent a campaign of testing in the laboratory at Astroparticle Physics and Cosmology in Paris. We report the results of this Technological Demonstrator which successfully shows the feasibility of the principle of Bolometric Interferometry. Characterization of QUBIC includes the measurement of the synthesized beam, the measurement of interference fringes, and the measurement of polarization performance. A modulated and frequency tunable millimetre-wave source in the telescope far-field is used to simulate a point source. The QUBIC pointing is scanned across the point source to produce beam maps. Polarization modulation is measured using a rotating Half Wave Plate. The measured beam matches well to the theoretical simulations and gives QUBIC the ability to do spectro imaging. The polarization performance is excellent with less than 0.5\% cross-polarization rejection. QUBIC is ready for deployment on the high altitude site at Alto Chorillo, Argentina to begin scientific operations., Comment: Part of a series of 8 papers on QUBIC accepted by JCAP for a special issue: https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1475-7516/page/QUBIC_status_and_forecast
Published: 2020
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74. Planck intermediate results. LVII. Joint Planck LFI and HFI data processing

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Andersen, K. J., Ashdown, M., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Casaponsa, B., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Eriksen, H. K., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Handley, W., Helou, G., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. Le, Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lilley, M., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Molinari, D., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Pearson, D., Pearson, T. J., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Svalheim, T. L., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Terenzi, L., Thommesen, H., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the NPIPE processing pipeline, which produces calibrated frequency maps in temperature and polarization from data from the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) and High Frequency Instrument (HFI) using high-performance computers. NPIPE represents a natural evolution of previous Planck analysis efforts, and combines some of the most powerful features of the separate LFI and HFI analysis pipelines. The net effect of the improvements is lower levels of noise and systematics in both frequency and component maps at essentially all angular scales, as well as notably improved internal consistency between the various frequency channels. Based on the NPIPE maps, we present the first estimate of the Solar dipole determined through component separation across all nine Planck frequencies. The amplitude is ($3366.6 \pm 2.7$)$\mu$K, consistent with, albeit slightly higher than, earlier estimates. From the large-scale polarization data, we derive an updated estimate of the optical depth of reionization of $\tau = 0.051 \pm 0.006$, which appears robust with respect to data and sky cuts. There are 600 complete signal, noise and systematics simulations of the full-frequency and detector-set maps. As a Planck first, these simulations include full time-domain processing of the beam-convolved CMB anisotropies. The release of NPIPE maps and simulations is accompanied with a complete suite of raw and processed time-ordered data and the software, scripts, auxiliary data, and parameter files needed to improve further on the analysis and to run matching simulations., Comment: 97 pages, 93 figures and 16 tables, abstract abridged for arXiv submission, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2020
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75. A chemically etched corrugated feedhorn array for D-band CMB observations

Author: Mandelli, Stefano, Manzan, Elenia, Mennella, Aniello, Cavaliere, Francesco, Viganò, Daniele, Franceschet, Cristian, de Bernardis, Paolo, Bersanelli, Marco, Castellano, Maria Gabriella, Coppolecchia, Alessandro, Cruciani, Angelo, Gervasi, Massimo, Lamagna, Luca, Limonta, Andrea, Masi, Silvia, Paiella, Alessandro, Passerini, Andrea, Pettinari, Giorgio, Piacentini, Francesco, Tommasi, Elisabetta, Volpe, Angela, and Zannoni, Mario
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the design, manufacturing, and testing of a 37-element array of corrugated feedhorns for Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements between $140$ and $170$ GHz. The array was designed to be coupled to Kinetic Inductance Detector arrays, either directly (for total power measurements) or through an orthomode transducer (for polarization measurements). We manufactured the array in platelets by chemically etching aluminum plates of $0.3$ mm and $0.4$ mm thickness. The process is fast, low-cost, scalable, and yields high-performance antennas compared to other techniques in the same frequency range. Room temperature electromagnetic measurements show excellent repeatability with an average cross polarization level about $-20$ dB, return loss about $-25$ dB, first sidelobes below $-25$ dB and far sidelobes below $-35$ dB. Our results qualify this process as a valid candidate for state-of-the-art CMB experiments, where large detector arrays with high sensitivity and polarization purity are of paramount importance in the quest for the discovery of CMB polarization $B$-modes.
Published: 2020
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76. Progress report on the Large Scale Polarization Explorer

Author: Lamagna, L., Addamo, G., Ade, P. A. R., Baccigalupi, C., Baldini, A. M., Battaglia, P. M., Battistelli, E., Baù, A., Bersanelli, M., Biasotti, M., Boragno, C., Boscaleri, A., Caccianiga, B., Caprioli, S., Cavaliere, F., Cei, F., Cleary, K. A., Columbro, F., Coppi, G., Coppolecchia, A., Corsini, D., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Gasperis, G., De Petris, M., Del Torto, F., Fafone, V., Farooqui, Z., Farsian, F., Fontanelli, F., Franceschet, C., Gaier, T. C., Gatti, F., Genova-Santos, R., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Grassi, M., Grosso, D., Gualtieri, R., Incardona, F., Jones, M., Kangaslahti, P., Krachmalnicoff, N., Mainini, R., Maino, D., Mandelli, S., Maris, M., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., May, A., Mena, P., Mennella, A., Molina, R., Molinari, D., Morgante, G., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paonessa, F., Passerini, A., Perez-de-Taoro, M., Peverini, O. A., Pezzotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Polastri, L., Polenta, G., Poletti, D., Presta, G., Realini, S., Reyes, N., Rocchi, A., Rubiño-Martin, J. A., Sandri, M., Sartor, S., Schillaci, A., Signorelli, G., Siri, B., Soria, M., Spinella, F., Tapia, V., Tartari, A., Taylor, A., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tommasi, E., Tucker, C., Vaccaro, D., Vigano, D. M., Villa, F., Virone, G., Vittorio, N., Volpe, A., Watkins, B., Zacchei, A., and Zannoni, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Large Scale Polarization Explorer (LSPE) is a cosmology program for the measurement of large scale curl-like features (B-modes) in the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background. Its goal is to constrain the background of inflationary gravity waves traveling through the universe at the time of matter-radiation decoupling. The two instruments of LSPE are meant to synergically operate by covering a large portion of the northern microwave sky. LSPE/STRIP is a coherent array of receivers planned to be operated from the Teide Observatory in Tenerife, for the control and characterization of the low-frequency polarized signals of galactic origin; LSPE/SWIPE is a balloon-borne bolometric polarimeter based on 330 large throughput multi-moded detectors, designed to measure the CMB polarization at 150 GHz and to monitor the polarized emission by galactic dust above 200 GHz. The combined performance and the expected level of systematics mitigation will allow LSPE to constrain primordial B-modes down to a tensor/scalar ratio of $10^{-2}$. We here report the status of the STRIP pre-commissioning phase and the progress in the characterization of the key subsystems of the SWIPE payload (namely the cryogenic polarization modulation unit and the multi-moded TES pixels) prior to receiver integration., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Published: 2020
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77. Planck intermediate results. LVI. Detection of the CMB dipole through modulation of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect: Eppur si muove II

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Casaponsa, B., Chiang, H. C., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Handley, W., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J. -M., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. Le, Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Sullivan, R. M., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The largest temperature anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the dipole, which has been measured with increasing accuracy for more than three decades, particularly with the Planck satellite. The simplest interpretation of the dipole is that it is due to our motion with respect to the rest frame of the CMB. Since current CMB experiments infer temperature anisotropies from angular intensity variations, the dipole modulates the temperature anisotropies with the same frequency dependence as the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect. We present the first, and significant, detection of this signal in the tSZ maps and find that it is consistent with direct measurements of the CMB dipole, as expected. The signal contributes power in the tSZ maps, which is modulated in a quadrupolar pattern, and we estimate its contribution to the tSZ bispectrum, noting that it contributes negligible noise to the bispectrum at relevant scales., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures. Added references, small clarifying and language edits. All results remain the same
Published: 2020
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78. Ammonium salts are a reservoir of nitrogen on a cometary nucleus and possibly on some asteroids

Author: Poch, O., Istiqomah, I., Quirico, E., Beck, P., Schmitt, B., Theulé, P., Faure, A., Hily-Blant, P., Bonal, L., Raponi, A., Ciarniello, M., Rousseau, B., Potin, S., Brissaud, O., Flandinet, L., Filacchione, G., Pommerol, A., Thomas, N., Kappel, D., Mennella, V., Moroz, L., Vinogradoff, V., Arnold, G., Erard, S., Bockelée-Morvan, D., Leyrat, C., Capaccioni, F., De Sanctis, M. C., Longobardo, A., Mancarella, F., Palomba, E., and Tosi, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The measured nitrogen-to-carbon ratio in comets is lower than for the Sun, a discrepancy which could be alleviated if there is an unknown reservoir of nitrogen in comets. The nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko exhibits an unidentified broad spectral reflectance feature around 3.2 micrometers, which is ubiquitous across its surface. On the basis of laboratory experiments, we attribute this absorption band to ammonium salts mixed with dust on the surface. The depth of the band indicates that semivolatile ammonium salts are a substantial reservoir of nitrogen in the comet, potentially dominating over refractory organic matter and more volatile species. Similar absorption features appear in the spectra of some asteroids, implying a compositional link between asteroids, comets, and the parent interstellar cloud., Comment: Main manuscript and Supplementary material document, Accepted for publication in Science on February 14, 2020
Published: 2020
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79. QUBIC: the Q & U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology

Author: Battistelli, E. S., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Amico, G., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Banfi, S., Battaglia, P., Baù, A., Bèlier, B., Bennett, D., Bergè, L., Bernard, J. -Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bigot-Sazy, M. -A., Bleurvacq, N., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bottani, A., Bunn, E., Burke, D., Buzi, D., Buzzelli, A., Cavaliere, F., Chanial, P., Chapron, C., Charlassier, R., Columbro, F., Coppi, G., Coppolecchia, A., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., De Petris, M., Dheilly, S., Di Donato, A., Dumoulin, L., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Franceschet, C., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Ganga, K., Garcìa, B., Redondo, M. E. Garcìa, Gaspard, M., Gault, A., Gayer, D., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Berisso, M. Gòmez, Gonzàlez, M., Gradziel, M., Grandsire, L., Hamilton, J. -Ch., Harari, D., Haynes, V., Henrot-Versillè, S., Hoang, D. T., Incardona, F., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Korotkov, A., Kristukat, C., Lamagna, L., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Luterstein, R., Maffei, B., Marnieros, S., Marty, W., Masi, S., Mattei, A., May, A., McCulloch, M., Medina, M. C., Mele, L., Melhuish, S., Mennella, A., Montier, L., Mousset, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Murphy, J. D., Nati, F., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., O'Sullivan, C., Paiella, A., Pajot, F., Passerini, A., Pastoriza, H., Pelosi, A., Perbost, C., Perciballi, M., Pezzotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Prèle, D., Puddu, R., Rambaud, D., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Salatino, M., Salum, J. M., Schillaci, A., Scòccola, C., Scully, S., Spinelli, S., Stankowiak, G., Stolpovskiy, M., Suarez, F., Tartari, A., Thermeau, J. -P., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Torchinsky, S., Tristram, M., Tucker, C., Tucker, G., Vanneste, S., Viganò, D., Vittorio, N., Voisin, F., Watson, B., Wicek, F., Zannoni, M., and Zullo, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Q & U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology, QUBIC, is an innovative experiment designed to measure the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background and in particular the signature left therein by the inflationary expansion of the Universe. The expected signal is extremely faint, thus extreme sensitivity and systematic control are necessary in order to attempt this measurement. QUBIC addresses these requirements using an innovative approach combining the sensitivity of Transition Edge Sensor cryogenic bolometers, with the deep control of systematics characteristic of interferometers. This makes QUBIC unique with respect to others classical imagers experiments devoted to the CMB polarization. In this contribution we report a description of the QUBIC instrument including recent achievements and the demonstration of the bolometric interferometry performed in lab. QUBIC will be deployed at the observation site in Alto Chorrillos, in Argentina at the end of 2019., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Published: 2020
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80. Updated design of the CMB polarization experiment satellite LiteBIRD

Author: Sugai, H., Ade, P. A. R., Akiba, Y., Alonso, D., Arnold, K., Aumont, J., Austermann, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Banerji, R., Barreiro, R. B., Basak, S., Beall, J., Beckman, S., Bersanelli, M., Borrill, J., Boulanger, F., Brown, M. L., Bucher, M., Buzzelli, A., Calabrese, E., Casas, F. J., Challinor, A., Chan, V., Chinone, Y., Cliche, J. -F., Columbro, F., Cukierman, A., Curtis, D., Danto, P., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., De Petris, M., Dickinson, C., Dobbs, M., Dotani, T., Duband, L., Ducout, A., Duff, S., Duivenvoorden, A., Duval, J. -M., Ebisawa, K., Elleflot, T., Enokida, H., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Essinger-Hileman, T., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Ganga, K., Gao, J. -R., Génova-Santos, R., Ghigna, T., Gomez, A., Gradziel, M. L., Grain, J., Grupp, F., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Halverson, N. W., Hargrave, P., Hasebe, T., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, M., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versille, S., Herranz, D., Hill, C., Hilton, G., Hirota, Y., Hivon, E., Hlozek, R., Hoang, D. -T., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., Iida, T., Imada, H., Ishimura, K., Ishino, H., Jaehnig, G. C., Jones, M., Kaga, T., Kashima, S., Kataoka, Y., Katayama, N., Kawasaki, T., Keskitalo, R., Kibayashi, A., Kikuchi, T., Kimura, K., Kisner, T., Kobayashi, Y., Kogiso, N., Kogut, A., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Komatsu, K., Konishi, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kuo, C. L., Kurinsky, N., Kushino, A., Kuwata-Gonokami, M., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Lee, A. T., Linder, E., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Maki, M., Mangilli, A., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Mathon, R., Matsumura, T., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Minami, Y., Mistuda, K., Molinari, D., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Murata, Y., Murphy, J. A., Nagai, M., Nagata, R., Nakamura, S., Namikawa, T., Natoli, P., Nerva, S., Nishibori, T., Nishino, H., Nomura, Y., Noviello, F., O'Sullivan, C., Ochi, H., Ogawa, H., Ohsaki, H., Ohta, I., Okada, N., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Piacentini, F., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Poletti, D., Prouvé, T., Puglisi, G., Rambaud, D., Raum, C., Realini, S., Remazeilles, M., Roudil, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Russell, M., Sakurai, H., Sakurai, Y., Sandri, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Sekimoto, Y., Sherwin, B. D., Shinozaki, K., Shiraishi, M., Shirron, P., Signorelli, G., Smecher, G., Spizzi, P., Stever, S. L., Stompor, R., Sugiyama, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, J., Switzer, E., Takaku, R., Takakura, H., Takakura, S., Takeda, Y., Taylor, A., Taylor, E., Terao, Y., Thompson, K. L., Thorne, B., Tomasi, M., Tomida, H., Trappe, N., Tristram, M., Tsuji, M., Tsujimoto, M., Tucker, C., Ullom, J., Uozumi, S., Utsunomiya, S., Van Lanen, J., Vermeulen, G., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vissers, M., Vittorio, N., Voisin, F., Walker, I., Watanabe, N., Wehus, I., Weller, J., Westbrook, B., Winter, B., Wollack, E., Yamamoto, R., Yamasaki, N. Y., Yanagisawa, M., Yoshida, T., Yumoto, J., Zannoni, M., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Recent developments of transition-edge sensors (TESs), based on extensive experience in ground-based experiments, have been making the sensor techniques mature enough for their application on future satellite CMB polarization experiments. LiteBIRD is in the most advanced phase among such future satellites, targeting its launch in Japanese Fiscal Year 2027 (2027FY) with JAXA's H3 rocket. It will accommodate more than 4000 TESs in focal planes of reflective low-frequency and refractive medium-and-high-frequency telescopes in order to detect a signature imprinted on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) by the primordial gravitational waves predicted in cosmic inflation. The total wide frequency coverage between 34GHz and 448GHz enables us to extract such weak spiral polarization patterns through the precise subtraction of our Galaxy's foreground emission by using spectral differences among CMB and foreground signals. Telescopes are cooled down to 5Kelvin for suppressing thermal noise and contain polarization modulators with transmissive half-wave plates at individual apertures for separating sky polarization signals from artificial polarization and for mitigating from instrumental 1/f noise. Passive cooling by using V-grooves supports active cooling with mechanical coolers as well as adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators. Sky observations from the second Sun-Earth Lagrangian point, L2, are planned for three years. An international collaboration between Japan, USA, Canada, and Europe is sharing various roles. In May 2019, the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), JAXA selected LiteBIRD as the strategic large mission No. 2., Comment: Journal of Low Temperature Physics, in press
Published: 2020
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81. Development of a functional dairy snack containing oleoylethanolamide that reduces food intake in normal-weight and obese minipigs

Author: Gaëlle Boudry, Ilario Mennella, Olivia Menard, Régis Janvier, Isabelle Nogret, Ashkan Madadlou, Armelle Cahu, Laurence Le Normand, Eric Bobillier-Chaumont, Rosalia Ferracane, Paola Vitaglione, Didier Dupont, and David Val-Laillet
Subjects: N-acylethanolamine, In vitro digestion, Regulation of food intake, Food structure, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract: Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is a safe bioactive lipid that demonstrated strong anorexigenic properties in preclinical and clinical models. In order to evaluate the importance of OEA delivery kinetic on its anorectic properties, we developed OEA-containing dairy snacks with either a liquid or a semi-solid form. The OEA+ liquid snack, but not the semi-solid one, reduced by 14 and 18 % the amount of feed eaten by normal-weight and obese minipigs, respectively, in an eating behavior test performed 4 h after snack ingestion. In vitro digestion experiments revealed that OEA release in intestinal digesta was greatly enhanced when the snack was liquid compared to the semi-solid structure. Kinetic investigations of several plasma parameters after liquid snack ingestion points towards different potential mechanism depending upon the minipig weight status, with an effect of the OEA+ liquid snack likely on endocannabinoid and other related N-acylethanolamine metabolism in normal-weight minipigs and on ketogenesis in obese ones.
Published: 2023
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82. Development of a functional dairy snack containing oleoylethanolamide that reduces food intake in normal-weight and obese minipigs

Author: Boudry, Gaëlle, Mennella, Ilario, Menard, Olivia, Janvier, Régis, Nogret, Isabelle, Madadlou, Ashkan, Cahu, Armelle, Le Normand, Laurence, Bobillier-Chaumont, Eric, Ferracane, Rosalia, Vitaglione, Paola, Dupont, Didier, and Val-Laillet, David
Published: 2023
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83. Generating a novel synthetic dataset for rehabilitation exercises using pose-guided conditioned diffusion models: A quantitative and qualitative evaluation

Author: Mennella, Ciro, Maniscalco, Umberto, De Pietro, Giuseppe, and Esposito, Massimo
Published: 2023
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84. Grafting effects on bioactive compounds, chemical and agronomic traits of ‘Corbarino’ tomato grown under greenhouse healthy conditions

Author: Mario Parisi, Alfonso Pentangelo, Antonietta D'Alessandro, Giovanna Festa, Gianluca Francese, Alejandra Navarro, Vincenzo Onofaro Sanajà, and Giuseppe Mennella
Subjects: Solanum lycopersicum L., Local variety, Yield, Graft compatibility, Sugars, Organic acids, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract: In tomatoes, grafting onto resistant rootstocks represents an effective strategy to control several soil-borne diseases that reduce crop profitability, especially for landraces with little or no resistance to multiple pathogens/pests. In this study, the high-value ‘Corbarino’ tomato landrace was grafted onto seven commercial Solanum interspecific rootstocks to evaluate graft compatibility, yield performance, and qualitative characteristics under greenhouse healthy conditions. Three rootstocks were the most effective in improving fruit yield without negatively affecting the carpometric, technological, and health-related traits of the traditional tomato. ‘Dinafort’ rootstock increased fresh and dry yield, harvest index, and fruit/clusters, while mean fruit weight, shape index, total and soluble solid content, simple sugars, organic acids, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, and trans-lycopene content did not differ with respect to the ungrafted ‘Corbarino’. ‘Interpro’ rootstock also showed promising results for the overall yield and quality traits, although it reduced the trans-lycopene content in the fruit. ‘Silex’ rootstock showed the highest harvest index as result of decreased vigour. The fruit quality induced by ‘Silex’ was satisfactory and high levels of simple sugars, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, and trans-lycopene were also observed. However, graft success, especially for ‘Dinafort’ and ‘Silex’, needs to be improved by investigating more suitable methods for seedling production, grafting, acclimatization, etc.
Published: 2023
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85. A deep learning system to monitor and assess rehabilitation exercises in home-based remote and unsupervised conditions

Author: Mennella, Ciro, Maniscalco, Umberto, Pietro, Giuseppe De, and Esposito, Massimo
Published: 2023
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86. Planck intermediate results: LVI. Detection of the CMB dipole through modulation of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect: Eppur si muove II

Author: Akrami, Y, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Benabed, K, Bernard, JP, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Burigana, C, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, JF, Casaponsa, B, Chiang, HC, Combet, C, Contreras, D, Crill, BP, Cuttaia, F, De Bernardis, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Di Valentino, E, Diego, JM, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Fernandez-Cobos, R, Finelli, F, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova-Santos, RT, Gerbino, M, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Handley, W, Herranz, D, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Jaffe, AH, Jones, WC, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kiiveri, K, Kim, J, Kisner, TS, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lamarre, JM, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, CR, Le Jeune, M, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, PB, Lindholm, V, López-Caniego, M, Maciás-Pérez, JF, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Marcos-Caballero, A, Maris, M, Martin, PG, Martínez-González, E, Matarrese, S, Mauri, N, McEwen, JD, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Molinari, D, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Moss, A, Natoli, P, Pagano, L, Paoletti, D, Perrotta, F, Pettorino, V, Piacentini, F, Polenta, G, Rachen, JP, Reinecke, M, and Remazeilles, M
Subjects: cosmic background radiation, cosmology: observations, relativistic processes, reference systems, astro-ph.CO, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract: The largest temperature anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the dipole, which has been measured with increasing accuracy for more than three decades, particularly with the Planck satellite. The simplest interpretation of the dipole is that it is due to our motion with respect to the rest frame of the CMB. Since current CMB experiments infer temperature anisotropies from angular intensity variations, the dipole modulates the temperature anisotropies with the same frequency dependence as the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect. We present the first, and significant, detection of this signal in the tSZ maps and find that it is consistent with direct measurements of the CMB dipole, as expected. The signal contributes power in the tSZ maps, which is modulated in a quadrupolar pattern, and we estimate its contribution to the tSZ bispectrum, noting that it contributes negligible noise to the bispectrum at relevant scales.
Published: 2020

87. Planck intermediate results

Author: Akrami, Y, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Benabed, K, Bernard, J-P, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Burigana, C, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, J-F, Casaponsa, B, Chiang, HC, Combet, C, Contreras, D, Crill, BP, Cuttaia, F, de Bernardis, P, de Rosa, A, de Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Di Valentino, E, Diego, JM, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Fernandez-Cobos, R, Finelli, F, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova-Santos, RT, Gerbino, M, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Handley, W, Herranz, D, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Jaffe, AH, Jones, WC, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kiiveri, K, Kim, J, Kisner, TS, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lamarre, J-M, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, CR, Le Jeune, M, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, PB, Lindholm, V, López-Caniego, M, Macías-Pérez, JF, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Marcos-Caballero, A, Maris, M, Martin, PG, Martínez-González, E, Matarrese, S, Mauri, N, McEwen, JD, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Molinari, D, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Moss, A, Natoli, P, Pagano, L, Paoletti, D, Perrotta, F, Pettorino, V, Piacentini, F, Polenta, G, Rachen, JP, Reinecke, M, and Remazeilles, M
Subjects: Space Sciences, Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, cosmic background radiation, cosmology: observations, relativistic processes, reference systems, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract: The largest temperature anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the dipole, which has been measured with increasing accuracy for more than three decades, particularly with the Planck satellite. The simplest interpretation of the dipole is that it is due to our motion with respect to the rest frame of the CMB. Since current CMB experiments infer temperature anisotropies from angular intensity variations, the dipole modulates the temperature anisotropies with the same frequency dependence as the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect. We present the first, and significant, detection of this signal in the tSZ maps and find that it is consistent with direct measurements of the CMB dipole, as expected. The signal contributes power in the tSZ maps, which is modulated in a quadrupolar pattern, and we estimate its contribution to the tSZ bispectrum, noting that it contributes negligible noise to the bispectrum at relevant scales.
Published: 2020

88. Sensitivity Modeling for LiteBIRD

Author: Hasebe, T., Ade, P. A. R., Adler, A., Allys, E., Alonso, D., Arnold, K., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Austermann, J., Azzoni, S., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Banerji, R., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battistelli, E., Bautista, L., Beall, J., Beck, D., Beckman, S., Benabed, K., Bermejo-Ballesteros, J., Bersanelli, M., Bonis, J., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F., Boulanger, F., Bounissou, S., Brilenkov, M., Brown, M. L., Bucher, M., Calabrese, E., Calvo, M., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chan, V., Cheung, K., Chinone, Y., Cliche, J., Columbro, F., Coulton, W., Cubas, J., Cukierman, A., Curtis, D., D’Alessandro, G., Dachlythra, K., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., de la Hoz, E., De Petris, M., Torre, S. Della, Dickinson, C., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Dobbs, M., Dotani, T., Douillet, D., Duband, L., Ducout, A., Duff, S., Duval, J. M., Ebisawa, K., Elleflot, T., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Essinger-Hileman, T., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galli, S., Galloway, M., Ganga, K., Gao, J. R., Genova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gjerløw, E., Gradziel, M. L., Grain, J., Grandsire, L., Grupp, F., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Halverson, N. W., Hamilton, J., Hargrave, P., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, M., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Herman, D., Herranz, D., Hill, C. A., Hilton, G., Hivon, E., Hlozek, R. A., Hoang, T. D., Hornsby, A. L., Hoshino, Y., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., Iida, T., Imada, H., Ishimura, K., Ishino, H., Jaehnig, G., Jones, M., Kaga, T., Kashima, S., Katayama, N., Kato, A., Kawasaki, T., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Kobayashi, Y., Kogiso, N., Kogut, A., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Komatsu, K., Konishi, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kreykenbohm, I., Kuo, C. L., Kushino, A., Lamagna, L., Lanen, J. V., Laquaniello, G., Lattanzi, M., Lee, A. T., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Linder, E., Louis, T., Luzzi, G., Macias-Perez, J., Maciaszek, T., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Maki, M., Mandelli, S., Maris, M., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Massa, M., Matarrese, S., Matsuda, F. T., Matsumura, T., Mele, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Minami, Y., Mitsuda, K., Moggi, A., Monfardini, A., Montgomery, J., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Murata, Y., Murphy, J. A., Nagai, M., Nagano, Y., Nagasaki, T., Nagata, R., Nakamura, S., Nakano, R., Namikawa, T., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Nerval, S., Nishibori, T., Nishino, H., Noviello, F., O’Sullivan, C., Odagiri, K., Ogawa, H., Ogawa, H., Oguri, S., Ohsaki, H., Ohta, I. S., Okada, N., Okada, N., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Passerini, A., Patanchon, G., Pelgrim, V., Peloton, J., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Poletti, D., Prouvé, T., Puglisi, G., Rambaud, D., Raum, C., Realini, S., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Roudil, G., Rubino-Martin, J., Russell, M., Sakurai, H., Sakurai, Y., Sandri, M., Sasaki, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seibert, J., Sekimoto, Y., Sherwin, B., Shinozaki, K., Shiraishi, M., Shirron, P., Signorelli, G., Smecher, G., Spinella, F., Stever, S., Stompor, R., Sugiyama, S., Sullivan, R., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, J., Svalheim, T. L., Switzer, E., Takaku, R., Takakura, H., Takakura, S., Takase, Y., Takeda, Y., Tartari, A., Tavagnacco, D., Taylor, A., Taylor, E., Terao, Y., Thermeau, J., Thommesen, H., Thompson, K. L., Thorne, B., Toda, T., Tomasi, M., Tominaga, M., Trappe, N., Tristram, M., Tsuji, M., Tsujimoto, M., Tucker, C., Ullom, J., Vacher, L., Vermeulen, G., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vissers, M., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B., Wang, W., Watanuki, K., Wehus, I. K., Weller, J., Westbrook, B., Wilms, J., Winter, B., Wollack, E. J., Yamasaki, N. Y., Yoshida, T., Yumoto, J., Zacchei, A., Zannoni, M., and Zonca, A.
Published: 2022
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89. Measuring CMB Spectral Distortions from Antarctica with COSMO: Blackbody Calibrator Design and Performance Forecast

Author: Mele, L., Battistelli, E. S., de Bernardis, P., Bersanelli, M., Columbro, F., Coppi, G., Coppolecchia, A., D’Alessandro, G., De Petris, M., Franceschet, C., Gervasi, M., Lamagna, L., Limonta, A., Manzan, E., Marchitelli, E., Masi, S., Mennella, A., Nati, F., Paiella, A., Pettinari, G., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Realini, S., Tucker, C., and Zannoni, M.
Published: 2022
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90. QUBIC Experiment Toward the First Light

Author: D’Alessandro, G., Battistelli, E. S., de Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., Gamboa Lerena, M. M., Grandsire, L., Hamilton, J.-Ch., Marnieros, S., Masi, S., Mennella, A., Mousset, L., O’Sullivan, C., Piat, M., Tartari, A., Torchinsky, S. A., Voisin, F., Zannoni, M., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Amico, G., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Banfi, S., Baù, A., Bélier, B., Bennett, D., Bergé, L., Bernard, J.-Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bigot-Sazy, M.-A., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bunn, E., Burke, D., Buzi, D., Cavaliere, F., Chanial, P., Chapron, C., Charlassier, R., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., Dheilly, S., Duca, C., Dumoulin, L., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Franceschet, C., Ganga, K. M., García, B., García Redondo, M. E., Gaspard, M., Gayer, D., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Gómez Berisso, M., González, M., Gradziel, M., Hampel, M. R., Harari, D., Henrot-Versillé, S., Incardona, F., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Kristukat, C., Lamagna, L., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Maffei, B., Marty, W., Mattei, A., May, A., McCulloch, M., Mele, L., Melo, D., Montier, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Murphy, J. D., Nati, F., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Paiella, A., Pajot, F., Passerini, A., Pastoriza, H., Pelosi, A., Perbost, C., Perciballi, M., Pezzotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Prêle, D., Presta, G., Puddu, R., Rambaud, D., Rasztocky, E., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Salum, J. M., Schillaci, A., Scóccola, C. G., Scully, S., Spinelli, S., Stankowiak, G., Stolpovskiy, M., Supanitsky, A. D., Thermeau, J.-P., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Tucker, G., Tucker, C., Viganò, D., Vittorio, N., Wicek, F., Wright, M., and Zullo, A.
Published: 2022
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91. New, Old, and Shared Antibody Specificities in Autoimmune Diseases

Author: Loredana Frasca, Anna Mennella, and Raffaella Palazzo
Subjects: n/a, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract: Autoantibodies represent a primary characteristic of many systemic autoimmune diseases [...]
Published: 2024
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92. QUBIC: using NbSi TESs with a bolometric interferometer to characterize the polarisation of the CMB

Author: Piat, M., Bélier, B., Bergé, L., Bleurvacq, N., Chapron, C., Dheilly, S., Dumoulin, L., González, M., Grandsire, L., Hamilton, J. -Ch., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hoang, D. T., Marnieros, S., Marty, W., Montier, L., Olivieri, E., Oriol, C., Perbost, C., Prêle, D., Rambaud, D., Salatino, M., Stankowiak, G., Thermeau, J. -P., Torchinsky, S., Voisin, F., Ade, P., Alberro, J. G., Almela, A., Amico, G., Arnaldi, L. H., Auguste, D., Aumont, J., Azzoni, S., Banfi, S., Battaglia, P., Battistelli, E. S., Baù, A., Bennett, D., Bernard, J. -Ph., Bersanelli, M., Bigot-Sazy, M. -A., Bonaparte, J., Bonis, J., Bottani, A., Bunn, E., Burke, D., Buzi, D., Buzzelli, A., Cavaliere, F., Chanial, P., Charlassier, R., Columbro, F., Coppi, G., Coppolecchia, A., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., De Petris, M., Di Donato, A., Etchegoyen, A., Fasciszewski, A., Ferreyro, L. P., Fracchia, D., Franceschet, C., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Ganga, K., García, B., Redondo, M. E. García, Gaspard, M., Gault, A., Gayer, D., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Berisso, M. Gómez, Gradziel, M., Harari, D., Haynes, V., Incardona, F., Jules, E., Kaplan, J., Korotkov, A., Kristukat, C., Lamagna, L., Loucatos, S., Louis, T., Luterstein, R., Maffei, B., Masi, S., Mattei, A., May, A., McCulloch, M., Medina, M. C., Mele, L., Melhuish, S., Mennella, A., Mousset, L., Mundo, L. M., Murphy, J. A., Murphy, J. D., Nati, F., O'Sullivan, C., Paiella, A., Pajot, F., Passerini, A., Pastoriza, H., Pelosi, A., Perciballi, M., Pezzotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Puddu, R., Ringegni, P., Romero, G. E., Salum, J. M., Schillaci, A., Scóccola, C., Scully, S., Spinelli, S., Stolpovskiy, M., Suarez, F., Tartari, A., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Tucker, C., Tucker, G., Vanneste, S., Viganò, D., Vittorio, N., Watson, B., Wicek, F., Zannoni, M., and Zullo, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: QUBIC (Q \& U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology) is an international ground-based experiment dedicated in the measurement of the polarized fluctuations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). It is based on bolometric interferometry, an original detection technique which combine the immunity to systematic effects of an interferometer with the sensitivity of low temperature incoherent detectors. QUBIC will be deployed in Argentina, at the Alto Chorrillos mountain site near San Antonio de los Cobres, in the Salta province. The QUBIC detection chain consists in 2048 NbSi Transition Edge Sensors (TESs) cooled to 350mK.The voltage-biased TESs are read out with Time Domain Multiplexing based on Superconducting QUantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) at 1 K and a novel SiGe Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) at 60 K allowing to reach an unprecedented multiplexing (MUX) factor equal to 128. The QUBIC experiment is currently being characterized in the lab with a reduced number of detectors before upgrading to the full instrument. I will present the last results of this characterization phase with a focus on the detectors and readout system., Comment: Conference proceedings submitted to the Journal of Low Temperature Physics for LTD18
Published: 2019

93. Planck 2018 results. V. CMB power spectra and likelihoods

Author: Planck Collaboration, Aghanim, N., Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Carron, J., Casaponsa, B., Challinor, A., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., Giraud-Héraud, Y., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. Le, Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lilley, M., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Millea, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Peiris, H. V., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: This paper describes the 2018 Planck CMB likelihoods, following a hybrid approach similar to the 2015 one, with different approximations at low and high multipoles, and implementing several methodological and analysis refinements. With more realistic simulations, and better correction and modelling of systematics, we can now make full use of the High Frequency Instrument polarization data. The low-multipole 100x143 GHz EE cross-spectrum constrains the reionization optical-depth parameter $\tau$ to better than 15% (in combination with with the other low- and high-$\ell$ likelihoods). We also update the 2015 baseline low-$\ell$ joint TEB likelihood based on the Low Frequency Instrument data, which provides a weaker $\tau$ constraint. At high multipoles, a better model of the temperature-to-polarization leakage and corrections for the effective calibrations of the polarization channels (polarization efficiency or PE) allow us to fully use the polarization spectra, improving the constraints on the $\Lambda$CDM parameters by 20 to 30% compared to TT-only constraints. Tests on the modelling of the polarization demonstrate good consistency, with some residual modelling uncertainties, the accuracy of the PE modelling being the main limitation. Using our various tests, simulations, and comparison between different high-$\ell$ implementations, we estimate the consistency of the results to be better than the 0.5$\sigma$ level. Minor curiosities already present before (differences between $\ell$<800 and $\ell$>800 parameters or the preference for more smoothing of the $C_\ell$ peaks) are shown to be driven by the TT power spectrum and are not significantly modified by the inclusion of polarization. Overall, the legacy Planck CMB likelihoods provide a robust tool for constraining the cosmological model and represent a reference for future CMB observations. (Abridged), Comment: Revised to match version published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2019
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94. Planck 2018 results. VII. Isotropy and Statistics of the CMB

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Casaponsa, B., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Crill, B. P., de Bernardis, P., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. Le, Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Sirignano, C., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., Zibin, J. P., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Analysis of the Planck 2018 data set indicates that the statistical properties of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies are in excellent agreement with previous studies using the 2013 and 2015 data releases. In particular, they are consistent with the Gaussian predictions of the $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model, yet also confirm the presence of several so-called "anomalies" on large angular scales. The novelty of the current study, however, lies in being a first attempt at a comprehensive analysis of the statistics of the polarization signal over all angular scales, using either maps of the Stokes parameters, $Q$ and $U$, or the $E$-mode signal derived from these using a new methodology (which we describe in an appendix). Although remarkable progress has been made in reducing the systematic effects that contaminated the 2015 polarization maps on large angular scales, it is still the case that residual systematics (and our ability to simulate them) can limit some tests of non-Gaussianity and isotropy. However, a detailed set of null tests applied to the maps indicates that these issues do not dominate the analysis on intermediate and large angular scales (i.e., $\ell \lesssim 400$). In this regime, no unambiguous detections of cosmological non-Gaussianity, or of anomalies corresponding to those seen in temperature, are claimed. Notably, the stacking of CMB polarization signals centred on the positions of temperature hot and cold spots exhibits excellent agreement with the $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model, and also gives a clear indication of how Planck provides state-of-the-art measurements of CMB temperature and polarization on degree scales., Comment: Paper VII of the Planck 2018 release, revised to closely match version published in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published: 2019
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95. Planck 2018 results. IX. Constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Arroja, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Casaponsa, B., Challinor, A., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Fergusson, J., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Jung, G., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. Le, Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meerburg, P. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Münchmeyer, M., Natoli, P., Oppizzi, F., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Shiraishi, M., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Smith, K., Spencer, L. D., Stanco, L., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract: We analyse the Planck full-mission cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and E-mode polarization maps to obtain constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (NG). We compare estimates obtained from separable template-fitting, binned, and modal bispectrum estimators, finding consistent values for the local, equilateral, and orthogonal bispectrum amplitudes. Our combined temperature and polarization analysis produces the following results: f_NL^local = -0.9 +\- 5.1; f_NL^equil = -26 +\- 47; and f_NL^ortho = - 38 +\- 24 (68%CL, statistical). These results include the low-multipole (4 <= l < 40) polarization data, not included in our previous analysis, pass an extensive battery of tests, and are stable with respect to our 2015 measurements. Polarization bispectra display a significant improvement in robustness; they can now be used independently to set NG constraints. We consider a large number of additional cases, e.g. scale-dependent feature and resonance bispectra, isocurvature primordial NG, and parity-breaking models, where we also place tight constraints but do not detect any signal. The non-primordial lensing bispectrum is detected with an improved significance compared to 2015, excluding the null hypothesis at 3.5 sigma. We present model-independent reconstructions and analyses of the CMB bispectrum. Our final constraint on the local trispectrum shape is g_NLl^local = (-5.8 +\-6.5) x 10^4 (68%CL, statistical), while constraints for other trispectra are also determined. We constrain the parameter space of different early-Universe scenarios, including general single-field models of inflation, multi-field and axion field parity-breaking models. Our results provide a high-precision test for structure-formation scenarios, in complete agreement with the basic picture of the LambdaCDM cosmology regarding the statistics of the initial conditions (abridged)., Comment: 50 pages, 20 figures
Published: 2019

96. Modelling the radiation pattern of a dual circular polarization system

Author: Realini, S., Franceschet, C., and Mennella, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the electromagnetic model of a dual circular polarization antenna-feed system, consisting of a corrugated feedhorn, a polarizer and an orthomode transducer. This model was developed for the passive front-end implemented in the Q-band receivers of the STRIP instrument of the Large Scale Polarization Explorer experiment. Its applicability, however, is completely general. The model has been implemented by superposing the response of two linearly polarized feedhorns with a $\pi$/2 phase difference, thus taking into account for the effect of the polarizer, that behaves differently for the two polarizations of the incoming electric field. The model has been verified by means of radiation pattern measurements performed in the anechoic chamber at the Physics Department of the University of Milan. We measured both arms of the orthomode transducer, in order to check that the diagram at one port is the 90_ rotation of the diagram at the other port. Simulations and measurements show an agreement at the level of fraction of a dB up to the first sidelobes, thus confirming the model., Comment: 12 pages
Published: 2019
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97. BeyondPlanck I. Global Bayesian analysis of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument data

Author: Collaboration, BeyondPlanck, Andersen, KJ, Aurlien, R, Banerji, R, Basyrov, A, Bersanelli, M, Bertocco, S, Brilenkov, M, Carbone, M, Colombo, LPL, Eriksen, HK, Eskilt, JR, Foss, MK, Franceschet, C, Fuskeland, U, Galeotta, S, Galloway, M, Gerakakis, S, Gjerløw, E, Hensley, B, Herman, D, Iacobellis, M, Ieronymaki, M, Ihle, HT, Jewell, JB, Karakci, A, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Lunde, JGS, Maggio, G, Maino, D, Maris, M, Mennella, A, Paradiso, S, Partridge, B, Reinecke, M, San, M, Stutzer, N-O, Suur-Uski, A-S, Svalheim, TL, Tavagnacco, D, Thommesen, H, Watts, DJ, Wehus, IK, and Zacchei, A
Subjects: astro-ph.CO
Abstract: We describe the BeyondPlanck project in terms of motivation, methodology andmain products, and provide a guide to a set of companion papers that describeeach result in fuller detail. We implement a complete end-to-end Bayesiananalysis framework for the Planck LFI observations. The primary product is afull joint posterior distribution $P(\omega|d)$, where $\omega$ represents theset of all free instrumental, astrophysical, and cosmological parameters.Notable advantages of this approach are seamless end-to-end propagation ofuncertainties; accurate modeling of both astrophysical and instrumental effectsin the most natural basis for each uncertain quantity; optimized computationalcosts with little or no need for intermediate human interaction between variousanalysis steps; and a complete overview of the entire analysis process withinone single framework. We focus in particular on low-$\ell$ CMB polarizationreconstruction with Planck LFI. We identify several important new effects thathave not been accounted for in previous pipelines, including gainover-smoothing and time-variable and non-$1/f$ correlated noise in the 30 and44 GHz channels. We find that all results are consistent with the $\Lambda$CDMmodel, and we constrain the reionization optical depth to $\tau=0.066\pm0.013$,with a low-resolution $\chi^2$ probability-to-exceed of 32%. This uncertaintyis about 30% larger than the official pipelines, arising from taking intoaccount a more complete instrumental model. The marginal CMB Solar dipoleamplitude is $3362.7\pm1.4\mu\mathrm{K}$, where the error bar is deriveddirectly from the posterior distribution without the need of any ad-hocinstrumental corrections. We are currently not aware of any significantunmodelled systematic effects remaining in the Planck LFI data, and, for thefirst time, the 44 GHz channel is fully exploited. (Abridged.)
Published: 2020

98. Planck intermediate results: LVII. Joint Planck LFI and HFI data processing

Author: Akrami, Y, Andersen, KJ, Ashdown, M, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Benabed, K, Bernard, JP, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Burigana, C, Butler, RC, Calabrese, E, Casaponsa, B, Chiang, HC, Colombo, LPL, Combet, C, Crill, BP, Cuttaia, F, De Bernardis, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, DI Valentino, E, DIego, JM, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Eriksen, HK, Fernandez-Cobos, R, Finelli, F, Frailis, M, Fraisse, AA, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Gerbino, M, Ghosh, T, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Handley, W, Helou, G, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, SR, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Jaffe, AH, Jones, WC, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kiiveri, K, Kim, J, Kisner, TS, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, CR, Le Jeune, M, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, PB, Lilley, M, Lindholm, V, López-Caniego, M, Lubin, PM, MacÍas-Pérez, JF, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Marcos-Caballero, A, Maris, M, Martin, PG, Martínez-González, E, Matarrese, S, Mauri, N, McEwen, JD, Meinhold, PR, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Mitra, S, Molinari, D, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Moss, A, Natoli, P, Paoletti, D, Partridge, B, Patanchon, G, Pearson, D, and Pearson, TJ
Subjects: cosmic background radiation, cosmology: observations, cosmological parameters, Galaxy: general, methods: data analysis, astro-ph.CO, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract: We present the NPIPE processing pipeline, which produces calibrated frequency maps in temperature and polarization from data from the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) and High Frequency Instrument (HFI) using high-performance computers. NPIPE represents a natural evolution of previous Planck analysis efforts, and combines some of the most powerful features of the separate LFI and HFI analysis pipelines. For example, following the LFI 2018 processing procedure, NPIPE uses foreground polarization priors during the calibration stage in order to break scanning-induced degeneracies. Similarly, NPIPE employs the HFI 2018 time-domain processing methodology to correct for bandpass mismatch at all frequencies. In addition, NPIPE introduces several improvements, including, but not limited to: inclusion of the 8% of data collected during repointing manoeuvres; smoothing of the LFI reference load data streams; in-flight estimation of detector polarization parameters; and construction of maximally independent detector-set split maps. For component-separation purposes, important improvements include: maps that retain the CMB Solar dipole, allowing for high-precision relative calibration in higher-level analyses; well-defined single-detector maps, allowing for robust CO extraction; and HFI temperature maps between 217 and 857 GHz that are binned into 0′.9 pixels (Nside = 4096), ensuring that the full angular information in the data is represented in the maps even at the highest Planck resolutions. The net effect of these improvements is lower levels of noise and systematics in both frequency and component maps at essentially all angular scales, as well as notably improved internal consistency between the various frequency channels. Based on the NPIPE maps, we present the first estimate of the Solar dipole determined through component separation across all nine Planck frequencies. The amplitude is (3366.6 ± 2.7) μK, consistent with, albeit slightly higher than, earlier estimates. From the large-scale polarization data, we derive an updated estimate of the optical depth of reionization of τ = 0.051 ± 0.006, which appears robust with respect to data and sky cuts. There are 600 complete signal, noise and systematics simulations of the full-frequency and detector-set maps. As a Planck first, these simulations include full time-domain processing of the beam-convolved CMB anisotropies. The release of NPIPE maps and simulations is accompanied with a complete suite of raw and processed time-ordered data and the software, scripts, auxiliary data, and parameter files needed to improve further on the analysis and to run matching simulations.
Published: 2020

99. Planck 2018 results: VII. Isotropy and statistics of the CMB

Author: Akrami, Y, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Benabed, K, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bock, JJ, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Boulanger, F, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Butler, RC, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, JF, Casaponsa, B, Chiang, HC, Colombo, LPL, Combet, C, Contreras, D, Crill, BP, De Bernardis, P, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, JM, Di Valentino, E, Diego, JM, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Ducout, A, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Elsner, F, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Fantaye, Y, Fernandez-Cobos, R, Finelli, F, Frailis, M, Fraisse, AA, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova-Santos, RT, Gerbino, M, Ghosh, T, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Hamann, J, Handley, W, Hansen, FK, Herranz, D, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Jaffe, AH, Jones, WC, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kiiveri, K, Kim, J, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lamarre, JM, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, CR, Le Jeune, M, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, PB, Lindholm, V, López-Caniego, M, Ma, YZ, Maciás-Pérez, JF, Maggio, G, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Mangilli, A, Marcos-Caballero, A, Maris, M, Martin, PG, Martínez-González, E, Matarrese, S, Mauri, N, McEwen, JD, Meinhold, PR, and Mennella, A
Subjects: cosmology: observations, cosmic background radiation, polarization, methods: data analysis, methods: statistical, astro-ph.CO, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract: Analysis of the Planck 2018 data set indicates that the statistical properties of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies are in excellent agreement with previous studies using the 2013 and 2015 data releases. In particular, they are consistent with the Gaussian predictions of the ΛCDM cosmological model, yet also confirm the presence of several so-called "anomalies"on large angular scales. The novelty of the current study, however, lies in being a first attempt at a comprehensive analysis of the statistics of the polarization signal over all angular scales, using either maps of the Stokes parameters, Q and U, or the E-mode signal derived from these using a new methodology (which we describe in an appendix). Although remarkable progress has been made in reducing the systematic effects that contaminated the 2015 polarization maps on large angular scales, it is still the case that residual systematics (and our ability to simulate them) can limit some tests of non-Gaussianity and isotropy. However, a detailed set of null tests applied to the maps indicates that these issues do not dominate the analysis on intermediate and large angular scales (i.e., ℓ 400). In this regime, no unambiguous detections of cosmological non-Gaussianity, or of anomalies corresponding to those seen in temperature, are claimed. Notably, the stacking of CMB polarization signals centred on the positions of temperature hot and cold spots exhibits excellent agreement with the ΛCDM cosmological model, and also gives a clear indication of how Planck provides state-of-the-art measurements of CMB temperature and polarization on degree scales.
Published: 2020

100. Planck 2018 results: II. Low Frequency Instrument data processing

Author: Akrami, Y, Argüeso, F, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Benabed, K, Bernard, JP, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bonavera, L, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Boulanger, F, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Butler, RC, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, JF, Colombo, LPL, Crill, BP, Cuttaia, F, De Bernardis, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Di Valentino, E, Dickinson, C, Diego, JM, Donzelli, S, Ducout, A, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Elsner, F, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Fantaye, Y, Finelli, F, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova-Santos, RT, Gerbino, M, Ghosh, T, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gratton, S, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Handley, W, Hansen, FK, Herranz, D, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Jaffe, AH, Jones, WC, Karakci, A, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kiiveri, K, Kim, J, Kisner, TS, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lamarre, JM, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, CR, Leahy, JP, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, PB, Lindholm, V, López-Caniego, M, Ma, YZ, Maciás-Pérez, JF, Maggio, G, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Mangilli, A, Maris, M, Martin, PG, Martínez-González, E, Matarrese, S, Mauri, N, McEwen, JD, Meinhold, PR, Melchiorri, A, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, and Molinari, D
Subjects: space vehicles: instruments, methods: data analysis, cosmic background radiation, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a final description of the data-processing pipeline for the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI), implemented for the 2018 data release. Several improvements have been made with respect to the previous release, especially in the calibration process and in the correction of instrumental features such as the effects of nonlinearity in the response of the analogue-to-digital converters. We provide a brief pedagogical introduction to the complete pipeline, as well as a detailed description of the important changes implemented. Self-consistency of the pipeline is demonstrated using dedicated simulations and null tests. We present the final version of the LFI full sky maps at 30, 44, and 70 GHz, both in temperature and polarization, together with a refined estimate of the solar dipole and a final assessment of the main LFI instrumental parameters.
Published: 2020

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