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Cemented carbide alloys are well known powder metallurgically processed materials used for a wide range of tooling and components that require a good balance of hardness and fracture toughness, together with wear resistance. After 100 years of the first patent, research and development within this area continues to fulfil more demanding applications and adapt to new requirements. The last decade especially has witnessed important advances. In that sense, Co-free compositions are being studied due to the health issues that its use implies and its criticality in the supply chain. Secondly, the steps towards near-net-shape components by means of additive manufacturing technologies to avoid waste of powder and the technological advance of fast sintering processes are promising. Finally, new microstructural and mechanical characterization methods at micro and nanoscale provide helpful insights for a better understanding of these materials under performance.

Antecedentes: El reconocimiento de la figura de la enfermera de práctica avanzada varía según los países. Las enfermedades respiratorias suponen una carga significativa en los sistemas sanitarios. Objetivos: Valorar la efectividad de la implementación de la enfermera de práctica avanzada en el cuidado del paciente respiratorio, describir su estado actual e identificar sus líneas de investigación. Material y métodos: Revisión sistemática por medio de búsqueda de artículos originales en inglés y/o español, publicados en los últimos 10 años y realizados por trabajadores de la salud en PubMed, CINAHL y Web of Science, evaluando la calidad metodológica según STROBE, COREQ y CONSORT. Resultados: De las 235 publicaciones, se incluyeron 10 documentos para revisión (60% observacionales, 20% cualitativos, 10% estudios mixtos y 10% ensayos clínicos aleatorizados). Se detectó una beneficiosa reducción del gasto sanitario, un aumento de la satisfacción de los pacientes atendidos y menores tiempos de espera. Las enfermeras de práctica avanzada respiratoria actúan de forma multidisciplinaria y multitarea, sin una regulación específica. Conclusiones: Se llega a la conclusión de que es necesario realizar más investigaciones que aborden la enfermería de práctica avanzada en pacientes respiratorios. Se cree que esto aumentará y mantendrá los beneficios de su implementación.

Tomando como referencia el concepto de metáfora bélica propuesto por Lakoff y Johnson (2003), esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar cómo la prensa representa el feminismo a través de las metáforas bélicas y qué términos bélicos se emplean con más frecuencia en los textos. Para ello, se ha formado un corpus de 800 columnas escritas entre 2004 y 2023 y se han aplicado dos métodos de estudio: por un lado, se ha empleado la herramienta Sketch Engine para identificar los términos bélicos más frecuentes en los textos; y, por otra parte, se ha analizado cualitativamente los contextos en los que se utilizan dichas palabras bélicas.

Neste artigo são analisadas as repercussões das reformas educacionais paulistas na organização da escola e na autonomia docente. Considerando o sistema de avaliação como elemento persistentemente presente nas reformas e sua articulação com a dimensão curricular, buscou-se verificar de que forma alteraram o âmbito da escola. Considera-se na análise a política educacional paulista no período de 1995-2018, expressa em diferentes programas e projetos. Para tanto, apresentam-se alguns elementos documentais em diálogo com a produção bibliográfica. O artigo decorre de pesquisa mais ampla que investigou diversas dimensões da política educacional paulista no referido período. Neste estudo, buscou-se compreender como os pressupostos da Nova Gestão Pública se manifestam nas políticas educacionais, estabelecendo maior controle sobre as escolas e produzindo uma precariedade subjetiva nas condições de trabalho do magistério, especialmente na autonomia docente, com perda do controle sobre os meios e os fins do processo de ensino. Observou-se que a implementação do sistema de avaliação, instrumento central das reformas educacionais que permaneceu ao longo dos anos, associado à exigência de um currículo oficial, trouxe uma nova lógica nas escolas e refletiu-se na redução significativa da autonomia didática pedagógica dos professores e em maior controle do trabalho e das organizações escolares.

¿La cobertura que realizan los medios de comunicación en campaña electoral puede considerarse polarizante? ¿Son los contenidos mediáticos que consumimos, sobre todo en periodos de mayor actividad política, neutrales o alientan la división social en dos polos ideológicos enfrentados? Para tratar de responder a estas cuestiones se analiza la cobertura de los medios de comunicación y los contenidos polarizantes, durante el periodo de campaña electoral autonómica de 2023 en la Región de Murcia, concretamente la televisión (La 7 y La 1 de TVE en su emisión territorial) y la prensa regional (La Verdad y La Opinión). A partir del análisis de contenido como técnica metodológica, los resultados apuntan a que la información transmitida por los medios no parece presentar una polarización destacable en la Región de Murcia durante la campaña electoral del 28M.

In this work, we have investigated the role of pre-existing nano-scale cavities and irradiation sequence in helium clustering, and in the evolution of the cavity population in tungsten at 800 °C, by performing in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) characterizations under dual-beam W2+(600 keV)/He+(10 keV) irradiation to a total dose of 0.351 dpa, and supported by atomistic simulations. Pre-existing cavities, induced by single W2+ irradiation to 0.256 dpa, were seen to attract induced defects from subsequent irradiations, resulting in enhanced cavity size and a reduced number density in sequential irradiation when compared to concurrent irradiation. Such cavities developed faceted geometries and saturated in number density at an additional 0.051 dpa induced by He+ exposure in the sequential irradiation. In contrast, concurrent irradiations generate a denser cavity distribution that showed no sign of saturation or faceting up to the total irradiation damage of 0.351 dpa. In addition, Molecular Dynamics and Statics simulations were performed using LAMMPS software. These showed the pre-existing cavities to be trapping sites for helium atoms. Despite the large binding energy of ∼6 eV of those cavities, He-He interactions still occurred beyond the effective radius of such sinks, leading to additional He-He clustering not seeded by neighbouring cavities. These results point to the importance of selecting the irradiation conditions to simulate synergistic ion effects on cavity formation and evolution in plasma-facing tungsten-base materials.

Introduction: Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO), is a rare acquired paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by defective bone mineralization, caused by the overproduction of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) by a tumor. Material and methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify all case reports of TIO, focusing on those associated with mesenchymal tumors. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) consensus, and we included patients with a diagnosis of TIO and histological confirmation of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors or resolution of the condition after treatment of the tumor. Bibliographical searches were carried out until December 2023 in the Cochrane Library, Medline and Embase, as well as congress abstracts online. Results: We identified 769 articles with 1979 cases reported. Most patients were adults, with a higher incidence on men. Disease duration before diagnosis is a mean of 4.8 years. Most tumors were histologically classified as PMT. Lower limbs were the predominant location. Hypophosphatemia was present in 99.8 % of patients. The FGF23 was elevated at diagnosis in 95.5 %. Resection of the tumor was the treatment of choice in most of patients. After resection, there was a clinical improvement in 97.6 % of cases, and serum phosphorus and FGF23 levels returned to normal ranges in 91.5 % and 81.4 % of the patients, respectively. Conclusion: TIO is usually misdiagnosed with rheumatological or musculoskeletal disorders. The diagnosis should be suspected in patients with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia, and the measurement of serum FGF23 can be useful for diagnosis and management.

The production of radioisotopes for nuclear medicine is boosted by different international agencies. IFMIF-DONES will be an infrastructure where neutrons will be generated by the impact of a high-power deuteron beam onto a lithium jet target. At present, IFMIF-DONES studies the possibility of deflecting 0.1% of its standard 125 mA current of 40 MeV deuteron beam for the complementary applications to be conducted inside a new experimental hall. Such deuteron beam is being considered to be used for radioisotope production for nuclear medicine. Here, we discuss the production of a potential Auger-electron emitter radioisotope for therapy 165Er with 125 μA deuterons on natHo. Due to the high-power delivered onto the sample, we study by means of SolidWorks simulations a realistic device as cooling system for the holmium sample. Our results show a significant 165Er production in comparison with other experimental routes available in the literature.

Spain is one of the countries that has been most severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In times of uncertainty and stress, the media plays an important role in disseminating information. This study establishes which factors affected risk perception regarding the Coronavirus, which factors determined trust in the measures taken by the Government, and how the presentation of information influenced the spread of fake news. To answer these questions an online survey was created and was completed by 2,034 people from different autonomous communities in Spain, using two multiple linear regression models, as well as different bivariate techniques for parametric statistical analysis. The data shows increased risk perception among the sectors with greater exposure to news about the Coronavirus. A second conclusion refers to the role played by an individual's pre-existing political biases, such as ideology, and their effects on the trust placed in the measures adopted by the Government. In addition, the analysis conducted shows that sectors that follow the news more closely are not immune to the spread of fake news. This research highlights the importance of communication in risk perception and the need to conduct further research in this field, in terms of the psychological, social, and economic implications of this phenomenon.

Children's policies at the local level stimulate initiatives in the municipalities to encourage child participation. In this article, we focus on the local political sphere as a space for the promotion of child participation and citizenship through digital mediation. It is in this immediate environment where the rights of children and adolescents are exercised and promoted. The study aims to analyse the contributions perceived by municipal leaders (elected officials and technical figures) of the digital environment and the uses they make of it to promote children's participation in the municipality. This study is part of a national project that includes as collaborating entities the International Association of Educating Cities (IACE) and Child Friendly Cities (CAIUnicef). 279 subjects (191 technical figures and 88 elected officials) from 179 Spanish municipalities associated members of IACE and/or CAI. Data were collected in 2020. Two ad hoc designed questionnaires were applied. Two of the most significant results of the study are: (a) the finding of the variable that establishes differences between those technical figures that mediate children's participation with technological environments and those that do not; (b) the use made of the digital environment as an interactive space for informational purposes. It concludes on the need to rethink the digital environment as a participatory area and increasing the use of technology in support of children's citizenship.

Abstract Here we report the characterization of 17T2, a SARS-CoV-2 pan-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody isolated from a COVID-19 convalescent individual infected during the first pandemic wave. 17T2 is a class 1 VH1-58/κ3-20 antibody, derived from a receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific IgA+ memory B cell, with a broad neutralizing activity against former and new SARS-CoV-2 variants, including XBB.1.16 and BA.2.86 Omicron subvariants. Consistently, 17T2 demonstrates in vivo prophylactic and therapeutic activity against Omicron BA.1.1 infection in K18-hACE2 mice. Cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction shows that 17T2 binds the BA.1 spike with the RBD in “up” position and blocks the receptor binding motif, as other structurally similar antibodies do, including S2E12. Yet, unlike S2E12, 17T2 retains its neutralizing activity against all variants tested, probably due to a larger RBD contact area. These results highlight the impact of small structural antibody changes on neutralizing performance and identify 17T2 as a potential candidate for future clinical interventions.

El futuro del orden liberal internacional se encuentra en un estado de profunda transformación, impulsado en gran parte por el ascenso de China como una potencia económica y política de primera categoría. Durante décadas, el orden liberal internacional ha sido el paradigma predominante en la política global, promoviendo valores como la democracia, los derechos humanos y el libre comercio, liderado en gran parte por las naciones occidentales, especialmente los Estados Unidos. Sin embargo, China ha surgido como un actor clave en el escenario mundial, planteando preguntas fundamentales sobre el rumbo que tomará el sistema global en los años venideros. El objetivo de esta investigación no es solo analizar la postura que China tiene frente al orden liberal internacional, sino también estudiar el modelo alternativo de orden mundial que China está proponiendo, y cómo éste difiere del orden actual. Para ello, se ha procedido a seguir un enfoque teórico-metodológico multidimensional. Se inicia con una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura académica sobre la crisis del orden liberal y la postura china al respecto. Para ello se incorporan datos económicos, demográficos y políticos relevantes para comprender la evolución a lo largo de la última década de las dinámicas de poder global. Dada su importancia geopolítica, este trabajo analiza específicamente la posición china en la invasión de Ucrania, ya que la misma revela las pretensiones que China tiene con respecto al orden mundial. El estudio se centra en el marco teórico de la teoría liberal de la cual surge el Liberalismo Internacional, así como también se nutre de teorías realistas y constructivistas de Relaciones Internacionales. También parte de los principios promulgados por la teoría de la hegemonía y su relación con la evolución de órdenes internacionales junto con la teoría de la gobernanza global y su relación con desafíos actuales y futuros con el propósito de brindar una comprensión amplia de la dinámica y cambios en el orden internacional.

Abstract No prospective data were available prior to 2021 to inform selection between combination BRAF and MEK inhibition versus dual blockade of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) as first-line treatment options for BRAFV600-mutant melanoma. SECOMBIT (NCT02631447) was a randomized, three-arm, noncomparative phase II trial in which patients were randomized to one of two sequences with immunotherapy or targeted therapy first, with a third arm in which an 8-week induction course of targeted therapy followed by a planned switch to immunotherapy was the first treatment. BRAF/MEK inhibitors were encorafenib plus binimetinib and checkpoint inhibitors ipilimumab plus nivolumab. Primary outcome of overall survival was previously reported, demonstrating improved survival with immunotherapy administered until progression and followed by BRAF/MEK inhibition. Here we report 4-year survival outcomes, confirming long-term benefit with first-line immunotherapy. We also describe preliminary results of predefined biomarkers analyses that identify a trend toward improved 4-year overall survival and total progression-free survival in patients with loss-of-function mutations affecting JAK or low baseline levels of serum interferon gamma (IFNy). These long-term survival outcomes confirm immunotherapy as the preferred first-line treatment approach for most patients with BRAFV600-mutant metastatic melanoma, and the biomarker analyses are hypothesis-generating for future investigations of predictors of durable benefit with dual checkpoint blockade and targeted therapy.

El lenguaje inclusivo es una cuestión que surgió en los años 70 y 80 de la mano de los trabajos de Álvaro García Meseguer en el caso de España y el trabajo de Alma Sabatini en el caso de Italia. Tras la publicación de dichos trabajos, se ha ido generando un debate social sobre la incorporación del lenguaje inclusivo tanto en el español como en el italiano. Sin embargo, no solo los medios de comunicación han hecho eco de dicho debate, sino que también lo ha hecho el ámbito educativo, donde investigadoras e investigadores han estudiado cómo forman sus actitudes el alumnado y el profesorado hacia el lenguaje inclusivo, qué factores influyen en sus opiniones y de qué manera se puede incorporar el lenguaje inclusivo en la enseñanza de idiomas. En este trabajo nos centramos en el estudio de las actitudes del alumnado italiano hacia el lenguaje inclusivo mediante la realización de un cuestionario individual diseñado por el Proyecto I+D+i El discurso metalingüístico sobre “mujer y lenguaje” en la prensa española: Análisis del debate lingüístico y su repercusión social (DISMUPREN). Su realización se hizo de forma presencial en diferentes clases de diferentes carreras que oferta la Facultad de Lingue, Letterature e Culture Moderne (LILEC) de la Universidad de Bolonia, y, puesto que había estudiantes que no contaban con suficiente nivel en español, se realizó una versión española y una versión italiana del cuestionario. Se obtuvo un total de 154 respuestas, de las cuales 115 pertenecían a la versión italiana, mientras que 39 respuestas pertenecían a la versión española. Dicho cuestionario contaba con 18 preguntas, de las cuales 13 eran de respuesta cerrada, es decir, que se tenía que elegir una respuesta entre varias opciones, y 5 eran de respuesta abierta, esto es, que debían desarrollar brevemente sus respuestas. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que gran parte del alumnado muestra una actitud positiva hacia el lenguaje inclusivo y que hay una necesidad real de implementar su debate en la sociedad, pero todavía hay estudiantes que muestran actitudes negativas cuando se trata de los morfemas inclusivos. Esta investigación pretende ser una aportación más a los estudios de Cremades y Fernández-Portero (2022) y de Pano Alamán (2021), ya que ambos compararon las actitudes lingüísticas del alumnado español (Universidad de Málaga) y del alumnado italiano (Universidad de Bolonia) hacia el lenguaje inclusivo.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the real use of cefazolin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infective endocarditis (IE) in the Spanish National Endocarditis Database (GAMES) and to compare it with antistaphylococcal penicillin (ASP). Methods: Prospective cohort study with retrospective analysis of a cohort of MSSA IE treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Outcomes assessed were relapse; intra-hospital, overall, and endocarditis-related mortality; and adverse events. Risk of renal toxicity with each treatment was evaluated separately. Results: We included 631 IE episodes caused by MSSA treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Antibiotic treatment was cloxacillin, cefazolin, or both in 537 (85%), 57 (9%), and 37 (6%) episodes, respectively. Patients treated with cefazolin had significantly higher rates of comorbidities (median Charlson Index 7, P

The cultivation of Salvia lavandulifolia, Spanish sage, makes an important contribution to the economy of many rural areas in Southeastern Spain. This aromatic plant species is characterized by high intraspecific variability, which makes the selection process for the establishment of homogeneous crops difficult. Additionally, imminent climate change threatens to reduce its production, especially when cultivated in drylands. Therefore, to guarantee the continued production of this type of sage, it is essential to study its agronomic behavior and production quality. For this, clones from four ecotypes were cultivated for three years, assessing changes in their biomass production, essential oil yield and quality, and phenolic fraction, as well as the corresponding antioxidant activity. The results suggest that essential oil yield is genetically predetermined, greater biomass not being associated with higher quantities of essential oil. Weather conditions affected both essential oil and phenolic fraction secondary metabolism. Under very harsh conditions, Spanish sage produces higher concentrations of camphor and 1,-8-cineole along with luteolin-7-O-glucoside, and lithospermic, rosmarinic, and salvianolic A acids in its phenolic fraction. The synthesis of these components helps the species to withstand the hot and dry conditions typical of southeast Spain.

Background/Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the impact of the PCR multiplex panel (BioFire JI®) on the diagnosis and management of pediatric osteoarticular infections. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from pediatric patients diagnosed with osteoarticular infections between January 2023 and April 2024. The effectiveness of the PCR multiplex panel in identifying pathogens was compared with traditional culture methods. Results: In total, 50 patients were identified (66.6% male, 74% under 3 years of age). They were diagnosed as follows: septic arthritis in 46%, osteomyelitis in 26%, and septic osteoarthritis in 22%. An identifiable agent was isolated by conventional culture in 22 cases (44%). Kingella kingae was the predominant pathogen identified, accounting for 50% of cases (11/22), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (9/22). The BioFire JI® Panel PCR demonstrated a sensitivity of 93%, with a specificity of 63% when evaluated against synovial fluid culture as the reference standard. The panel identified seven additional pathogens not detected by conventional culture methods: 2/9 MSSA (22%), 1/1 S. pyogenes (100%), and 4/11 K. kingae (37%), increasing the yield by 14%. The rapid identification of pathogens facilitated timely and targeted therapeutic interventions. Conclusions: The PCR multiplex panel (BioFire JI®) improved the diagnosis of pediatric osteoarticular infections.

The Rhipicephalus microplus tick causes enormous economic losses in livestock farming around the world. Despite several promising studies carried out with plant extracts such as Achyrocline satureioides against this ectoparasite, a major obstacle is related to pharmaceutical presentation forms. There is no study showing xantan gum-based hydrogel and polycaprolactone nanoparticles containing A. satureioides extract against R. microplus larvae. The objective of this study was to incorporate A. satureioides extract to develop a nanoformulation (AScn) and a hydrogel (ASlh) and evaluate them against R. microplus larvae with the purpose of increasing the contact time of the extract with the larvae and improve the effectiveness. The ethanolic extracts were incorporated in polycaprolactone nanoparticles and characterized via analysis of the mean hydrodinamic diameter and polidispersity index. The xanthan gum-based hydrogel formulation was prepared with crude extract of A. satureioides 40 mg/mL, 0.25% xanthan gum, and 8% poloxamer, to determine the bioadhesiveness of the formulation in bovine leather and the flow rate of the formulation in the animal. The results in larvae demonstrated that when evaluated in the form of a hydrogel (ASlh), mortality was higher, with 91.48% mortality at a concentration of 20 mg/mL presenting itself as an interesting alternative for controlling this ectoparasite.

While adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors are successfully used in a variety of in vivo gene therapy applications, they continue to be hampered by the immune system. Here, we sought to identify innate and cytokine signaling pathways that promote CD8+ T-cell responses against the transgene product upon AAV1 vector administration to murine skeletal muscle. Eliminating just one of several pathways (including DNA sensing via TLR9, IL-1 receptor signaling, and possibly endosomal sensing of double-stranded RNA) substantially reduced the CD8+ T-cell response at lower vector doses but was surprisingly ineffective at higher doses. Using genetic, antibody-mediated, and vector engineering approaches, we show that blockade of at least two innate pathways is required to achieve an effect at higher vector doses. Concurrent blockade of IL-1R1 > MyD88 and TLR9 > MyD88 > type I IFN > IFNaR pathways was often but not always synergistic and had limited utility in preventing antibody formation against the transgene product. Further, even low-frequency CD8+ T-cell responses could eliminate transgene expression, even in MyD88- or IL-1R1-deficient animals that received a low vector dose. However, we provide evidence that CpG depletion of vector genomes and including TLR9 inhibitory sequences can synergize. When this construct was combined with the use of a muscle-specific promoter, transgene expression in muscle was sustained with minimal local or systemic CD8+ T-cell response. Thus, innate immune avoidance/blockade strategies by themselves, albeit helpful, may not be sufficient to prevent destructive cellular responses in muscle gene transfer because of the redundancy of immune-activating pathways.

Rosemary is a versatile Mediterranean shrub valued for its culinary and medicinal uses, also finding applications as a food additive (E-392). This study explores the potential of rosemary for large-scale cultivation as well as the valorization of its distillation residue, which constitutes more than 95% of the total biomass. Rich in bioactive compounds, this solid waste represents a valuable opportunity to develop renewable plant-based products. This study monitored the agronomic adaptations of cultivated clones of rosemary and evaluated the essential oil and phenolic content. This study also evaluated the biological potential of the ethanolic extracts from the distilled residue as an antifungal, antioxidant, chelator, and biostimulant in model tests. Interestingly, the extracts showed substantial phenolic content, exhibiting strong antifungal activity, antioxidant capacity, and efficient metal chelation. Furthermore, all extracts also demonstrated promising biostimulant effects on rooting. Among the clones evaluated, Pina de Ebro stood out especially for its balanced adaptability, high essential oil yield, and outstanding phenolic content, along with uniform biological capacities among individual plants and plots. Therefore, this study highlights the potential of utilizing the entire rosemary plant, enhancing the overall profitability of the crop and meeting the growing demand for eco-friendly and renewable resources in the market.

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have toxic potential, especially as carcinogens, neurotoxins, and endocrine disruptors. The objective of this study is to know the impact of exposure to PAHs on the reproductive health of male workers who operate in solar thermal plants. Methods: Case–control study. A total of 61 men were included: 32 workers exposed to PAH at a solar thermal plant and 29 unexposed people. Seminal quality was studied both at the cellular level (quantity and quality of sperm) and at the biochemical level (magnitudes of oxidative stress in seminal plasma). Results: In exposure to PAHs, a significantly higher seminal leukocyte infiltration was observed, as well as lower activity in seminal plasma of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and a reduced glutathione/oxidised glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio. The oxidative stress parameters of seminal plasma did not show a relationship with sperm cellularity, neither in those exposed nor in those not exposed to PAH. Conclusion: One year of exposure to PAH in a solar thermal plant does not have a negative impact on the sperm cellularity of the worker, either quantitatively (sperm count) or qualitatively (motility, vitality, morphology, or cellular DNA fragmentation). However, PAH exposure is associated with lower antioxidant capacity and higher leukocyte infiltration in seminal plasma.

There is substantial evidence supporting the neuroprotective effects of the MIND diet in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of a nutritional intervention (NI) with this diet on multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, two groups were included: MS patients before the NI (group A) and healthy control subjects (group B). In this stage, groups (A) and (B) were compared (case–control study). In the second stage, group (A) was assessed after the NI, with comparisons made between baseline and final measurements (before-and-after study). In the case–control stage (baseline evaluation), we found significant differences in fatigue scores (p < 0.001), adherence to the MIND diet (p < 0.001), the serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (p < 0.001), and higher oxidative status in the MS group, with lower levels of reduced glutathione (p < 0.001), reduced/oxidised glutathione ratio (p < 0.001), and elevated levels of lipoperoxidation (p < 0.002) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (p < 0.025). The before-and-after intervention stage showed improvements in fatigue scores (p < 0.001) and physical quality-of-life scores (MSQOL-54) (p < 0.022), along with decreases in the serum levels of glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) (p < 0.041), lipoperoxidation (p < 0.046), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (p < 0.05). Consumption of the MIND diet is linked to clinical and biochemical improvement in MS patients.

The Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda have set a new horizon for higher education institutions. Universities must guarantee an inclusive and quality education for all. Far from this objective, in the Spanish university system, the expansion of participation seems to have come to a halt, generating obvious situations of inequality. From a qualitative approach, this work gathers the contributions of 119 faculty members who reflected on how to advance toward more inclusive universities. The results show the barriers to inclusion that Spanish universities must overcome and the strategies that would allow them to progress toward more inclusive university culture, policies and practices. It concludes with the invitation to a cultural and organisational change based on a broader conception of inclusion. Moreover, it suggests an institutional commitment translated into a greater economic investment that enables the improvement of learning conditions and the training of faculty members in inclusive pedagogies.

Individual differences (IDs) have long been considered one of the most important factors explaining variable rates and outcomes in second language acquisition (Dewaele, 2013). While traditional operationalizations of IDs have, explicitly or implicitly, assumed that IDs are static traits that are stable through time, more recent research inspired by complex dynamic systems theory (Larsen-Freeman, 1997, 2020) demonstrates that many IDs are dynamic and variable through time and across contexts, a theme echoed throughout the current issue. This study reports the initial semester of a diachronic project investigating the dynamicity of four learner IDs: motivation, personality, learning and cognitive styles, and working memory. In the initial semester, data from 323 participants in their first year of university-level Spanish were collected and analyzed to determine what type of variability may be present across learners with respect to the four IDs studied at one time point and to discern possible learner profiles in the data or patterns via which the data may be otherwise meaningfully described. The results revealed four types of learner profiles present in the dataset.

This essay is aimed at analyzing the existing relationships between oncological problems and sport in future primary education teachers. This relationship was validated and confirmed by realizing a factorial analysis using an ad hoc-created Likert scale. To come up to certain conclusions, a non-experimental, descriptive, explanatory and correlational investigation process was carried out. The instrument used to collect the data have been made through Likert scale, which was validated in contents and with an excellent Cronbach's alpha (0.952). The validity of construct was made with factorial analysis exploratory (KMO (0.722), Bartlett (0.000), determinant (3.266E-23)). Three different samples have been taken from 900 students (years 2017-2018-2019), being 896 subjects for research. Those persons were students from the fourth year of primary education degree at University of Jaen. The Kruskal-Wallis test allows us to keep the null hypothesis and make the P of Pearson. As a conclusion, we emphasize that there is a relationship between oncological problems and sport and future primary teachers should be informed about this relationship, as well as the importance of cancer and bones tumors and their relationship with sport, the media used to train in oncological problems may be less important.