51. Gamma-Linolenic and Pinolenic Acids Exert Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Cultured Human Endothelial Cells Through Their Elongation Products.
- Author
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Baker EJ, Valenzuela CA, van Dooremalen WTM, Martínez-Fernández L, Yaqoob P, Miles EA, and Calder PC
- Subjects
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid metabolism, Cell Adhesion drug effects, Cell Line, Cell Survival drug effects, Endothelial Cells metabolism, Fatty Acid Elongases genetics, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Humans, Inflammation Mediators metabolism, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 metabolism, Linolenic Acids pharmacokinetics, THP-1 Cells, Transcription Factor RelA metabolism, gamma-Linolenic Acid pharmacokinetics, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal pharmacology, Endothelial Cells drug effects, Linolenic Acids pharmacology, gamma-Linolenic Acid pharmacology
- Abstract
Scope: Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) from oily fish reduce cardiovascular disease. This may be partly due to modulation of endothelial cell (EC) inflammation. Fish stocks are declining and there is a need for sustainable alternative FAs. Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and pinolenic acid (PLA) are plant-derived FAs, which can fulfil this role., Methods and Results: EA.hy926 cells are exposed GLA and PLA prior to stimulation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. GLA and PLA are incorporated into ECs, resulting in increases in long-chain derivatives produced by elongase 5, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), and eicosatrienoic acid (ETA). Both GLA and PLA (50 µm) decrease production of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). However, decreases in these mediators are not seen after pre-treatment with GLA or PLA in elongase 5 silenced EA.hy926 cells. DGLA and ETA (10 µm) decrease EC production of sICAM-1, MCP-1, RANTES, and IL-6. All FAs reduce adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to EA.hy926 cells. Both PLA (50 µm) and ETA (10 µm) decrease NFκBp65 phosphorylation., Conclusion: These effects suggest potential for GLA, PLA and their long-chain derivatives, DGLA and ETA, as sustainable anti-inflammatory alternatives to fish-derived FAs., (© 2020 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
- Published
- 2020
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