93 results on '"Marelli, E"'
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52. China and India: Openness, Trade and Effects on Economic Growth
- Author
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Marelli, Enrico and Signorelli, Marcello
- Subjects
China and India ,economic growth ,trade opening ,trade specialisation ,trade and growth ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the economic growth of China and India in terms of their integration in the global economy. We begin with a discussion of some stylized facts concerning their recent economic growth, the most significant institutional reforms, with particular reference to trade relations, and their impact on their economic development. We then propose a descriptive analysis of economic growth, opening up of the economies and trade specialisation, by comparing the features and trends of the two countries (by considering trade and foreign direct investment data). We have also estimated some econometric relations between economic growth and trade/openness, with the addition of control variables (such as the gross fixed capital formation). We initially used a panel data model for the two countries, to be estimated with fixed effects; to test for reverse causality, we re-estimated the fixed effects model by 2SLS (with the inclusion of specific instrumental variables). The effect on economic growth (in terms of GDP per capita) of our variables of interest - Openness and FDI - remains positive and statistically significant in all specifications, which confirms our findings even if we treat these variables as endogenous variables. The results prove the positive growth effects, for the two countries, of opening up and integrating in the world economy. Note that the robust growth of these two "giants" has contained the initial impact of the recent global crisis and is now sustaining the recovery of the entire world economy. Other policy relevant implications are discussed in the concluding section.
- Published
- 2011
53. Depressive symptomatology and cognitive performances: Significance towards balance recovery by geriatric rehabilitation wards,Sintomatologia depressiva e prestazioni cognitive: Significato sul recupero in equilibrio presso reparti di riabilitazione geriatrica
- Author
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MAURO COLOMBO, Marelli, E., Procino, G., Cottino, M., Previderè, G., Giorgi, S., Acqua, D., Caspani, P., Bruno, S., Cairati, M., Ferrari, D., Capuano, R., and Guaita, A.
54. Institutional, nominal and real convergence in Europe
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Marelli, E. and Marcello SIGNORELLI
- Subjects
European convergence ,lcsh:HG1501-3550 ,institutional convergence ,nominal convergence ,real convergence ,lcsh:Banking ,nominal and real convergence ,europe
55. Protection of passive sensing use in the 18.6-18.8 GHz band
- Author
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Zuzek, J.E., primary, Stevens, G., additional, and Marelli, E., additional
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56. Palladium-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Ketones in Aqueous Media.
- Author
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RENAULT, Y., SHARMA, S. V., NOLAN, S. P., MARELLI, E., and GOSS, R. J. M.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
57. Protection of passive sensing use in the 18.6-18.8 GHz band.
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Zuzek, J.E., Stevens, G., and Marelli, E.
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- 2000
- Full Text
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58. Drug Prescription and Delirium in Older Inpatients: Results From the Nationwide Multicenter Italian Delirium Day 2015-2016
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Aloisi, Gaetano, Marengoni, Alessandra, Morandi, Alessandro, Zucchelli, Alberto, Cherubini, Antonio, Mossello, Enrico, Mario, Bo, Di Santo Simona, Mazzone, Andrea, Trabucchi, Marco, Cappa, Stefano, Fimognari, Filippo, Antonelli Incalzi Raffaele, Gareri, Pietro, Perticone, Francesco, Campanini, Mauro, Montorsi, Marco, Latronico, Nicola, Zambon, Antonella, Bellelli, Giuseppe, Rispoli, Vincenzo, Malara, Alba, Spadea, Fausto, Di Cello Serena, Ceravolo, Francesco, Fabiano, Francesco, Chiaradia, Giuseppe, Gabriele, Amedeo, Lenino, Peluso, Andrea, Taristano, Settembrini, Vincenzo, Capomolla, Domenico, Citrino, Antonella, Scriva, Antonietta, Bruno, Irene, Secchi, Roberto, De Martino Eugenio, Muccinelli, Roberto, Lupi, Gerardo, Paonessa, Patrizio, Fabbri, Andrea, Passuti Maria Teresa, Castellari, Sofia, Andrea, Po, Gaggioli, Guido, Varesi, Massimo, Moneti, Paolo, Capurso, Sebastiano, Latini, Vincenzo, Ghidotti, Stefano, Riccardelli, Francesco, Macchi, Maurizio, Rigo, Rosaria, Claudio, Pascale, Bosio, Angelo, Cerrato, Flavio, Bardelli, Benedetta, Boffelli, Stefano, Cassinadri, Angela, Franzoni, Simone, Spazzini, Elena, Andretto, Daniela, Tonini, Gabriele, Andreani, Laura, Coralli, Mirco, Balotta, Antonio, Cancelliere, Roberto, Ballardini, Giorgio, Simoncelli, Margherita, Mancini, Annarita, Strazzacapa, Mara, Fabio, Stefano, De Filippi Francesco, Giudice, Chiara, Dentizzi, Cosimo, Azzini, Margherita, Cazzadori, Marco, Mastroeni, Valeria, Bertassello, Paolo, Santana, Helena, Benati, Claudia, Nesta, Elisa, Tobaldini, Chiara, Guerini, Fabio, Tambara, Elena, Mombelloni, Paolo, Fontanini, Fulvio, Lassa, Gabriella, Lassa, Pizzorni, Crosio, Oliverio, Martina, Del, Grosso, Luciano, Luca, Giavedoni, Cristina, Bidoli, Giuliano, Mazzei, Bruno, Corsonello, Andrea, Fusco, Sergio, Vena, Silvio, De Vuono Tommaso, Maiuri, Giorgio, Fimognari Filippo Luca, Arone, Andrea, Sgro, Giovanni, Nicolazzo, Rossella, Castegnaro, Eugenio, De Rosa Salvatore, Sechi Bazzano Rossella, Benvenuti, Enrico, Del 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Gabriele, Miceli, Salvatore, Urso, Giovanni, Grioni, Giuseppe, Vezzadini, Giuliana, Misaggi, Giulia, Forlani, Chiara, Avanzi, Stefano, Saulle, Serena, Casarini, Claudia, Viggiano, Marilena, Alberto, Luisa, Ghianda, Diego, Giordano, Alessandro, Iemolo, Francesco, Giordano, Antonello, Sanzaro, Enzo, D'Asta, Gabriele, Proietto, Maria, Carnemolla, Anna, Razza, Grazia, Spadaro, Daniela, Bertolotti, Marco, Mussi, Chiara, Neviani, Francesca, Chiesa, Roberto, Guerzoni, Valentina, Morselli, Linda, Venturelli, Francesca, Tarozzi, Adriano, Balestri, Francesca, Mannarino, Giulio, Bigolari, Michela, Natale, Alessia, Grassi, Simona, Bottaro, Cinzia, Stefanelli, Sara, Bovone, Ugo, Tortorolo, Umberto, Quadri, Roberto, Leone, Giuseppe, Ponzetto, Maria, Frasson, Paola, Annoni, Giorgio, Bruni, Adriana, Confalonieri, Roberto, Corsi, Maurizio, Moretti, Daniela, Teruzzi, Fabiola, Umidi, Simona, Mazzola, Paolo, Perego, Sabrina, Persico, Ilaria, Olivieri, Giulia, Bonfanti, Alessandra, Hajnalka, Szabo, Galeazzi, Marianna, Massariello, Francesca, Anzuini, Alessandra, Caffarra, Paolo, Barocco, Federica, Spallazzi, Marco, Ceda Gian Paolo, Morganti, Simonetta, Artoni, Andrea, Chioatto, Paolo, Bortolamei, Sandra, Soattin, Lucia, Beneamino, Borelli, Barilaro, Giuseppe, Bertazzoli, Marco, Rota, Elisabetta, Adobati, Annamaria, Zuccher, Paola, Dal Fabbro Angela, Lo Nigro Ambra, Franchetti, Lorena, Toniolo, Marika, Marcuzzo, Cinzia, Rollone, Marco, Guerriero, Fabio, Sgarlata, Carmelo, Anna, Santoro, Zatti, Giovanni, Piatti, Massimiliano, Graci, Jole, Benati, Giuseppe, Boschi, Federica, Biondi, Mario, Fiumi, Nicoletta, Erika, Tamburini, Locatelli Sergio Mario, Mauri, Sabrina, Beretta, Mauro, Margheritis, Laura, Desideri, Giovanbattista, Liberatore, Ester, Carucci Anna Cecilia, Bonino, Paolo, Caput, Margherita, Antonietti Maria Paola, Polistena, Giuseppe, De la Pierre Franz, Mari, Marcello, Massignani, Paola, Tombesi, Fabio, Selvaggio, Fabio, Verbo, Brunella, Bodoni, Paolo, Marchionni, Niccolo, Sabatini, Tony, Mussio, Eleonora, Magni, Eugenio, Bianchetti, Angelo, Crucitti, Andrea, Titoldini, Giulia, Cossu, Beatrice, Fascendini, Sara, Licini, Cristina, Tomasoni, Angela, Calderazzo, Massimo, Tropiano, Daniela, Lagana, Valentina, Melotti Rita Maria, Lilli, Albina, Buda, Simona, Adversi, Marco, Noro, Gabriele, Turco, Renato, Chiara, Ubezio M., Mantovani Anna Roberta, Viola Maria Cristina, Serrati, Carlo, Pretta, Stefano, Infante, Maria, Gentile, Simona, D'Ambrosio, Viviana, Mazzanti, Paolo, Brambilla, Cristina, Sportelli, Silvia, Platto, Caterina, Faraci, Bianca, Quattrocchi, Daniela, Pisu, Cristina, Sicuro, Francesca, Del Grosso Luciano Luca, Zagnoni, Piergiuseppe, Ghiglia, Stefania, Mosca, Massimiliano, Corazzin, Ileana, Deola, Mariangela, Biagini Carlo Adriano, Bencini, Francesca, Cantini, Claudia, Tonon, Elisabetta, Pierinelli, Silvia, Onofrj, Marco, Thomas, Astrid, Borbone, Filomena, Bonanni, Laura, Cacchio, Gabriella, Comi, Giancarlo, Magnani, Giuseppe, Santangelo, Roberto, Mazzeo, Salvatore, Caso, Francesca, Cecchetti, Giordano, Sant’Angelo, Roberto, Barbieri, Cristina, Giroldi, Liviana, Bandini, Fabio, Masina, Marco, Malservisi, Simona, Cicognani, Annalena, Ricca, Laura, Piccininni, Maristella, Tassinari, Tiziana, Brogi, Davide, Sugo, Annalisa, Filippi, Alessandra, Manfredi, Sonia, Vanni, Valerio, Usai carlo Andrea, Colombo, Enrico, Renna Vera Francesca, Sauchella, Assunta, Prete, Mauro, Bisagni, Pietro, Masini, Roberto, Carrabetta, Salvatore, Barone, Antonella, Razzano, Monica, Imperoli, Giuseppe, Bini, Angela, Serra, Francesco, D’Agostino, Valeria, Gianolla, Federico, Pietrangeli, Lucia, Velardi, Antonella, Di Cello Elisabetta, Rosati, Cristina, Casali, Nadia, Casali, Sessa, Maria, Abruzzi, Luciano, Costanzi, Chiara, Bini, Paolo, Pignata, Michele, Buonaugurio, Enrico, Vollery, Maria, Carrieri, Giovanni, Cioni, Giorgio, Toschi, Andrea, Metra, Marco, Ranieri, Piera, Ceccon, Anna, Magrin, Laura, Marin, Sara, Barbara, Sofia, Ghedini, Laura, Moroni, Matteo, Paragona, Marco, Pallotti Maria Caterina, Rota, Carla, Gottardi, Federica, Tomasoni, Clara, Cappuccio, Melania, Bonini, Giampaolo, Guerini, Stefano, Guerini, Valeria, Merlaj, Lucia, Tovaglieri, Maurizio, Antonio, Grillo, Francesca, Arenare, Mineo, Tonino, Kanah, David, Vianello, Giorgio, Vianello, Piero, Balducci, Ubaldo, Sidoti, Vincenzo, Montanari, Stefano, Murelli Flavio Teodolindo Busonera, Albanese, Paolo, Maselli, Monica, Bolzetta, Francesco, Fabris, Roberto, Durante-Mangoni, Emanuele, Testoni, Michela, Di Stefano Fabio, Seccia, Loredana, Sonzini, Valeria, Fabiano, Maria, Di Giorgio Annabella, De Cosmo Salvatore, Greco, Antonio, D’Onofrio, Grazia, Sancarlo, Daniele, Resta, Gianluca, Girardello, Renzo, Girardello, Minervini, Sergio, Boni, Morena, Vitali, Mariagrazia, Pizzoni, Marina, De Colle Paolo, Frattola, Alessandra, Orlandini, Francesco, La Regina Micaela, Padulo, Filomena, Margheriti, Cristina, Rolano, Dario, Moscatelli, Giancarla, Radaelli, Guido, Montini, Elena, Prete, Cosimo, Novello, Marileda, Bramuzzo, Igor, Bertin, Nicole, Rinaldo, Elena, Paolillo, Ciro, Riccardi, Angela, Benedetti, Claudia, Rizzi, Barbara, Montagna, Francesca, Cutaia, Chiara, Baca, Oliver, Colombo, Mauro, Procino, Giuseppe, Tarara, Rosaria, Dell’Acqua, Davide, Cislaghi, Stefania, Cairati, Marco, Porta, Massimo, Scaglione, Luca, De Feo Martina, Vertolli, Paola, Salvati, Lia, Cinotti, Sandro, De Santis Valentina, Biferi, Erminia, Cheli, Paola, Rebizzo, Romina, Salvatore, Minisola, Luciano, Colangelo, Abete, Pasquale, Liguori, Ilaria, Curcio, Francesca, Spassini, Guglielmo, Engheben, Marco, Rotunno, Sara, Rotunno, Arosio, Paola, Angelini, Claudio, Reggiani, Francesco, Cappelli, Alessandro, Marcheselli, Simona, Fratticci, Lara, Ranzani, Paola, Cesarini, Simonetta, Cerini, Antonella, Gallucci, Fernando, Serra, Emanuela, Sola, Mariolina, Delitala, Alessandro, Pes, Chiara, Lobianco, Giulia, Giani, Alessandro, Famularo, Simone, Sandini, Marta, Pinotti, Enrico, Gianotti, Luca, Battuello, Antonella, Pintore, Giulia, Rossi, Andrea, Rubele, Sofia, Sant, Selena, Vignati, Marco, Clerici, Danila, Rosa, Fabio, Bandirali Maria Pia, Cattaneo, Nicoletta, Boffi, Laura, Avalli, Leonello, Scanziani, Margherita, De Notaris Stefania, Del Santo Pierluigi, Del, Santo, Catalano, Felice, Fogli, Danilo, Di Bella Giovanna, Landi, Francesco, Salini, Sara, Brunetti Maria Angela, Cappa, Giorgetta, Galvagno, Giovanni, Cena, Paola, Bruno, Gerardo, Raspo, Silvio, Semeraro, Pedrotti, Sabrina, Palmieri Vincenzo Ostilio, Palasciano, Giuseppe, Belfiore, Anna, Portincasa, Piero, Sabbà, Carlo, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, D’Introno, Alessia, Valiani, Vincenzo, Bologna, Carolina, Ciarambino, Tiziana, Magnani, Turelli, Paola, Pazzaglia, Ugo, Rodella, Federica, Piana, Giacomo, Castellano, Maurizio, Garelli, Anna, Garelli, Casella, Elisa, Campana, Federica, Coschigliano Maria Antonietta, Marinangeli, Luigi, Lorico, Fabio, Bazzano, Salvatore, Menculini, Giuseppe, Gelosa, Giorgio, Viviana Ambrogio Teresa, Piras, Valentina, Ciricugno, Andrea, Bollari, Alessandra, Coen, Daniele, Magliola, Renata, Milanesio, Deborah, Muzzulini Carlo Lorenzo, Fogliacco, Paolo, Marinella, Turla, Cotelli Maria Sofia, Bianchi, Marta, Siano, Pietro, Capo, Giuseppe, Napoletano, Rosa, Politi, Cecilia, Mancini, Concetta, Del Buono Corrado, De Bartolomeo Giuseppe, Martinelli, Addolorata, Cefalogli, Carmen, Cozzi, Roberto, Virtuani Angelo Giovanni, Moschettini, Gianfilippo, Mastroianni, Franco, Roglia, Daniela, D'Amico, Gabriella, Palella, Mirella, Endrizzi, Cristina, Trotta, Lucia, Zanetti, Orazio, Terazzi, Emanuela, Sacchetti, Marta, Fleetwood, Thomas, Tondo, Giacomo, Di Fazio Ignazio, Bruni, Andrea, Orsitto, Giuseppe, Fabbro, Emanuela, D’Imporzano, Elena, Casanova, Anna, Bertolio, Serena, Nervo, Silvestri, Roberto, Semproni, Elena, Pintus, Manuela, Aloe, Francesca, Tagliaccica, Angelo., Aloisi G., Marengoni A., Morandi A., Zucchelli A., Cherubini A., Mossello E., Bo M., Di Santo S.G., Mazzone A., Trabucchi M., Cappa S., Fimognari F.L., Incalzi R.A., Gareri P., Perticone F., Campanini M., Montorsi M., Latronico N., Zambon A., Bellelli G., Rispoli V., Malara A., Spadea F., Di Cello S., Ceravolo F., Fabiano F., Chiaradia G., Gabriele A., Lenino P., Andrea T., Settembrini V., Capomolla D., Citrino A., Scriva A., Bruno I., Secchi R., De Martino E., Muccinelli R., Villa Del Sole R.S.A., Lupi G., Paonessa P., Fabbri A., Passuti M.T., Castellari S., Po A., Gaggioli G., Varesi M., Moneti P., Capurso S., Latini V., Ghidotti S., Riccardelli F., Macchi M., Rigo R., Claudio P., Angelo B., Flavio C., Benedetta B., Boffelli S., Cassinadri A., Franzoni S., Spazzini E., Andretto D., Tonini G., Andreani L., Coralli M., Balotta A., Cancelliere R., Ballardini G., Simoncelli M., Mancini A., Strazzacapa M., Fabio S., De Filippi F., Giudice C., Dentizzi C., Azzini M., Cazzadori M., Mastroeni V., Bertassello P., Benati H.S.C., Nesta E., Tobaldini C., Guerini F., Elena T., Mombelloni P., Fontanini F., Gabriella L., Pizzorni C., Oliverio M., Del Grosso L.L., Giavedoni C., Bidoli G., Mazzei B., Corsonello A., Fusco S., Vena S., De Vuono T., Maiuri G., Luca F.F., Andrea A., Giovanni S., Rossella N., Castegnaro E., De Rosa S., Benvenuti E., Del Lungo I., Giardini S., Giulietti C., Mauro D.B., Eleonora B., Martina P., Irene F., Riccardo B., Federica S., Bertoletti E., D'Amico F., Caronzolo F., Grippa A., Lombardo G., Pipicella T., Antonino S., Francesco C., Valeria P.G., Daniela L., Domenico C., Giorgio B., March A., Nitti M.T., Felici A., Pavan S., Piazzani F., Lunelli A., Dimori S., Margotta A., Soglia T., Postacchini D., Brunelli R., Santini S., Francavilla M., Macchiati I., Sorvillo F., Giuli C., Mecocci P., Longo A., Addesi D., Rosa P.C., Bencardino G., Falbo T., Grillo N., Marco F., Mirella F., Fanto F., Isaia G., Pezzilli S., Bergamo D., Furno E., Rrodhe S., Lucarini S., Dijk B., Dall'Acqua F., Calvani D., Becheri D., Giuseppe M., Costanza M., Vito A., Francesca B., Magherini L., Novella M., Franca B., Gambardella P.M.L., Valente C., Ospedale N., Ilaria B., Alice F., Porrino P., Ceci G., Giuliana B., Michela T., Eleonora C., Ettore E., Camellini C., Servello A., Grassi A., Rozzini R., Tironi S., Grassi M.G., Troisi E., Carlo C., Gabriella D.S.S., Flaminia F., Federica R., Beatrice P., Sofia T., Gabutto A., Quazzo L., Rosatello A., Suraci D., Tagliabue B., Perrone C., Ferrara L., Castagna A., Tremolada M.L., Giuseppe C., Stefano B., Davide O., Piano S., Serviddio G., Lo Buglio A., Gurrera T., Merlo V., Rovai C., Cotroneo A.M., Carlucci R., Abbaldo A., Monzani F., Qasem A.A., Bini G., Tafuto S., Galli G., Bruni A.C., Mancuso G., Calipari D., Bernardini B., Corsini C., Michele C., Sara D.F., Cagnin A., Fragiacomo F., Pompanin S., Piero A., Marco C., Zurlo A., Guerra G., Pala M., Menozzi L., Delli Gatti C., Magon S., Roberto M., Alfredo D.G., Fabio F., Ruana T., Elisa M., Christian M., Marco P., Massimo G., Di Francesco V., Faccioli S., Pellizzari L., Giorgia F., Barbagallo G., Lunardelli M.L., Martini E., Ferrari E., Macchiarulo M., Corneli M., Bacci M., Battaglia G., Anastasio L., Lo Storto M.S., Seresin C., Simonato M., Loreggian M., Cestonaro F., Durando M., Latella R., Mazzoleni M., Russo G., Ponte M., Valchera A., Salustri G., Petritola D., Costa A., Sinforiani E., Cotta M.R., Pizio R.N., Cester A., Formilan M., Pietro B., Carbone P., Cazzaniga I., Appollonio I., Cereda D., Stabile A., Xhani R., Acampora R., Tremolizzo L., Federico P., Antonio C., Valerio P., Cesare B., Zhirajr M., Giovanni V., Maria A., Mariaelena S., Bottacchi E., Bucciantini E., Di Giovanni M., Franchi F., Lucchetti L., Mariani C., Grande G., Rapazzini P., Marco M., Romanelli G., Franco N., Alessio M., Nicola L., Laura P., Nazario P., Chiara G., Soccorso P., Andrea S., Luca B., Francesca S., Roberto A., Anna C., Infettive M., Fugazza L., Guerrini C., De Paduanis G., Iallonardo L., Palumbo P., Zuliani G., Ortolani B., Capatti E., Soavi C., Bianchi L., Francesconi D., Miselli A., Gloria B., Tommaso R., Chiara P., Agata M.M., Dall'Agata M., Luca M., Gianluca G., Suardi T., Zaccarini C., Manuela R., Mirra G., Muti E., Bottura R., Gianpaolo M., Secreto P., Bisio E., Cecchettani M., Naldi T., Pallavicino A., Pugliese M., Iozzo R.C., Grassi G., Michele B., Dell'Oro R., Fosca Q.T., Giorgio G.C., Giovanni P., Ernesto C., Mannironi A., Giorli E., Oberti S., Fierro B., Piccoli T., Giacalone F., Mandas A., Serchisu L., Costaggiu D., Pinna E., Orru F., Mannai M., Cordioli Z., Pelizzari L., Turcato E., Arduini P., Cacace C., Chiloiro R., Cimino R., Ruberto C., Giovanni R., Pietro G., Laura G., Alberto C., Carmen R., Dal Santo P., Andriolli A., Burattin G., Rossi L., Antonino C.G.A., Tezza F., Maddalena P., Laura S., Crippa P., Aloisio P., Di Monda T., Malighetti A., Galbassini G., Ivaldi C., Russo A.M., Bennati E., Pino E., Zavarise G., Pesci A., Suigo G., Faverio P., Andrea G., Sabrina P., Zanasi M., Moniello G., Rostagno C., Cartei A., Polidori G., Ungar A., Melis M.R., Martellini E., Enrico M., Monica T., Antonella G., Giovanna L., Migliorini M., Caramelli F., Battiston B., Berardino M., Cavallo S., Alessandro M., Anna S., Lombardi B., D'Ippolito P., Furini A., Villani D., Clara R., Guarneri M., Paolucci S., Bassi A., Coiro P., De Angelis D., Morone G., Venturiero V., Palleschi L., Raganato P., Di Niro G., Rosa C.A., Loredana B., Imoscopi A., Tibaldi V., Bottignole G.G., Calvi E., Clementi C., Zanocchi M., Agosta L., Criasia A., Spertino E., Nortarelli A., Provenzano G., Principato P., Rizzo A., Cellura E., Mari D., Romano F.Y., Rosini F., Mansi M., Rossi S., Riccardelli A., Inzaghi L., Bonini G., Rossi P., Potena A., Lichii M., Candiani T., Grimaldi W., Bertani E., Alessandra P., Calogero P., Pinto D., Bernardi R., Nicolino F., Galetti C., Gianstefani A., Giulia C., Lorenzo M., Odetti P., Monacelli F., Prefumo M., Fiammetta M., Canepa M., Minaglia C., Paolisso G., Rizzo M.R., Prestano R., Dalise A.M., Barra D., Dal Bosco L., Asprinio V., Dallape L., Perina E., Bartoli I.R., Pluderi A., Maina A., Pecoraro E., Sciarra M., Prudente A., Paola M., Francesca M., Manuel V., Luisella C., Maria P.L., Tina S., Benini L., Levato F., Mhiuta V., Alius F., Davidoaia D., Giardini V., Garancini M., Bellamoli C., Terranova L., Bozzini C., Tosoni P., Provoli E., Cascone L., Dioli A., Ferrarin G., Bucci A., Bua G., Fenu S., Bianchi G., Casella S., Romano V., Maurizio P., Mascherona I., Belotti G., Cavaliere S., Cuni E., Merciuc N., Oberti R., Veneziani S., Capoferri E., De Bernardi E., Colombo K., Bravi M., Nicoletta N., D'Arcangelo P., Montenegro N., Montanari R., Lamanna P., Gasperini B., Isabella M., Stefania D., Gaia A., Filippo C., Palama C., Di Emidio C., Scarpini E., Arighi A., Fumagalli G., Basilico P., De Amicis Margherita M., Marta M., Diletta M., Granata A., Ranalli C., Cammilli A., Cavallini M.C., Tricca M., Natella D., Gabbani L., Tesi F., Martella L., Imbrici R., Guerrini G., Scotuzzi A.M., Sozzi F., Valenti L., Chiarello A., Monia M., Pilotto A., Prete C., Senesi B., Meta A.C., Pendenza E., Pasqualetti G., Polini A., Tognini S., Ballino E., Dell'Aquila G., Gasparrini P.M., Marotti E., Migale M., Scrimieri A., Falsetti L., Salvi A., Toigo G., Ceschia G., Rosso A., Tongiorgi C., Scarpa C., De Dominicis L., Pucci E., Renzi S., Cartechini E., Tomassini P.F., Del Gobbo M., Ugenti F., Romeo P., Nardelli A., Lauretani F., Visioli S., Montanari I., Ermini F., Giordano A., Pigato G., Simeone E., Colameco F., Cecamore A., Scurti R., Lupinetti M.C., Barbujani M., Perazzi B., Giampieri M., Amoruso R., Piccinini M., Ferrari C., Gambetti C., Sfrappini M., Semeraro L., Striuli R., Pelliccioni G., Marinelli D., Fabi K., Rossi T., Pesallaccia M., Sabbatini D., Gobbi B., Cerqua R., Tagliani G., Schlauser E., Caser L., Caramello E., Sandigliano F., Rosso G., Ferrari A., Bendini C., Luisa D.M., Casella M., Prampolini R., Scevola M., Vitale E., Roberto B., Carlo F., Sergio F., Alberto S., Daniela Z., Giulia B., Serena G., Maugeri D., Sorace R., Anzaldi M., De Gesu R., Morrone G., Davolio F., Fabbo A., Palmieri M., Zoli M., Forti P., Pirazzoli L., Fabbri E., Terenzi L., Bergolari F., Wenter C., Ruffini I., Insam M., Abraham E., Kirchlechner C., Cucinotta D., Antonino L., Basile G., Grazia A.M., Parise P., Boccali A., Amici S., Gambacorta M., Lasagni A., Lovati R., Giovinazzo F., Kimak E., Zappa P., Medici F., Lo Castro M., Mauro F., De Luca A., Sancesario G., Martorana A., Scaricamazza B., Toniolo S., Di Lorenzo F., Liguori C., Lasco A., Vita N., Giomi M., Forte F., Padovani A., Rozzini L., Ceraso A., Salvatore C., Cottino M., Vitali S., Marelli E., Tripi G., Miceli S., Urso G., Grioni G., Vezzadini G., Misaggi G., Forlani C., Avanzi S., Serena S., Claudia C., Marilena V., Alberto L., Diego G., Alessandro G., Iemolo F., Sanzaro E., D'Asta G., Proietto M., Carnemolla A., Razza G., Spadaro D., Bertolotti M., Mussi C., Neviani F., Roberto C., Valentina G., Linda M., Francesca V., Tarozzi A., Balestri F., Mannarino G., Bigolari M., Natale A., Grassi S., Bottaro C., Stefanelli S., Bovone U., Tortorolo U., Quadri R., Leone G., Ponzetto M., Frasson P., Annoni G., Bruni A., Confalonieri R., Corsi M., Moretti D., Teruzzi F., Umidi S., Mazzola P., Perego S., Persico I., Olivieri G., Bonfanti A., Hajnalka S., Galeazzi M., Massariello F., Anzuini A., Caffarra P., Barocco F., Spallazzi M., Paolo C.G., Simonetta M., Chioatto P., Bortolamei S., Soattin L., Ruotolo G., Beneamino B., Giuseppe B., Bertazzoli M., Rota E., Adobati A., Scarpa A., Granziera S., Zuccher P., Dal Fabbro A., Zara D., Lo Nigro A., Franchetti L., Toniolo M., Marcuzzo C., Rollone M., Guerriero F., Sgarlata C., Masse A., Zatti G., Piatti M., Graci J., Benati G., Boschi F., Biondi M., Fiumi N., Erika T., Locatelli S.M., Mauri S., Beretta M., Margheritis L., Desideri G., Liberatore E., Carucci A.C., Bonino P., Caput M., Antonietti M.P., Polistena G., De La Pierre F., Mari M., Massignani P., Tombesi F., Selvaggio F., Verbo B., Bodoni P., Marchionni N., Sabatini T., Mussio E., Magni E., Bianchetti A., Crucitti A., Titoldini G., Cossu B., Fascendini S., Licini C., Tomasoni A., Calderazzo M., Daniela T., Valentina L., Melotti R.M., Lilli A., Buda S., Adversi M., Noro G., Turco R., Ubezio M.C., Mantovani A.R., Viola M.C., Serrati C., Pretta S., Infante M., Gentile S., D'Ambrosio V., Mazzanti P., Brambilla C., Sportelli S., Platto C., Faraci B., Quattrocchi D., Pernigotti L.M., Pisu C., Sicuro F., Zagnoni P., Ghiglia S., Mosca M., Corazzin I., Deola M., Di Agordo O., Biagini C.A., Bencini F., Cantini C., Tonon E., Pierinelli S., Onofrj M., Thomas A., Filomena B., Bonanni L., Gabriella C., Comi G., Magnani G., Santangelo R., Mazzeo S., Francesca C., Giordano C., Roberto S., Barbieri C., Giroldi L., Bandini F., Masina M., Malservisi S., Cicognani A., Ricca L., Piccininni M., Tassinari T., Brogi D., Sugo A., Alessandra F., Sonia M., Valerio V., Andrea U.C., Enrico C., Vera R.F., Assunta S., Gianmaria Z., Mauro P., Barone A., Razzano M., Giuseppe I., Angela B., Francesco S., D'Agostino V., Federico G., Lucia P., Antonella V., Di Cello E., Cristina C., Nadia C., Maria S., Luciano A., Chiara C., Bini P., Pignata M., Enrico B., Maria V., Giovanni C., Giorgio C., Piera R., Alberto Z., Ceccon A., Magrin L., Marin S., Barbara S., Matteo M., Caterina P.M., Carla R., Federica G., Clara T., Melania C., Giampaolo B., Stefano G., Valeria G., Lucia M., Giovambattista D., Ester L., Cecilia C.A., Maurizio T., Nadia B., Grillo A., Arenare F., Tonino M., David K., Giorgio V.P., Ubaldo B., Vincenzo S., Stefano M., Marino F., Flavio M.T.B., Paolo A., Monica M., Francesco B., Roberto F., Paolo B., Durante-Mangoni E., Testoni M., Di Stefano F., Loredana S., Daniela M., Valeria S., Fabiano M., Di Giorgio A., De Cosmo S., Greco A., D'Onofrio G., Daniele S., Gianluca R., Renzo G., Sergio M., Morena B., Vitali M., Marina P., De Colle P., Cristina S., Orlandini F., La Regina M., Desiree A., Mario B., Paola P., Padulo F., Cristina M., Dario R., Giancarla M., Guido R., Elena M., Marileda N., Igor B., Nicole B., Elena R., Paolillo C., Riccardi A., Claudia B., Barbara R., Silvia V., Oliver B., Mauro C., Eleonora M., Giuseppe P., Rosaria T., Maria C., Dell'Acqua D., Stefania C., Massimo P., Luca S., De Feo M., Paola V., Lia S., Sandro C., De Santis V., Erminia B., Paola C., Romina R., Minisola S., Luciano C., Pasquale A., Ilaria L., Guglielmo S., Marco E., Sara R., Paola A., Claudio A., Francesco R., Alessandro C., Simona M., Lara F., Paola R., Simonetta C., Antonella C., Generoso U., Fernando G., Giuliano C., Emanuela S., Mariolina S., Alessandro D., Giulia L., Famularo S., Sandini M., Pinotti E., Gianotti L., Antonella B., Giulia P., Sante G., Rossi A., Rubele S., Sant S., Marco V., Danila C., Fabio R., Bandirali M.P., Nicoletta C., Laura B., Paolo T., Luciano T., Leonello A., Margherita S., De Notaris S., Del Santo P., Laura R., Fabiana T., Giovanna C., Antonino A., Felice C., Danilo F., Di Bella G., Francesco L., Salini S., Angela B.M., Giorgetta C., Giovanni G., Gerardo B., Silvio R., Letizia S., Davide B., Rosaria R.M., Maria D.A., Raffaele P., Palmieri V.O., Palasciano G., Belfiore A., Portincasa P., Carlo S., D'Introno A., Valiani V., Carolina B., Tiziana C., Paola T., Ugo P., Giacomo P., Castellano M., Anna G., Elisa C., Federica C., Antonietta C.M., Luigi M., Fabio L., Salvatore B., Gelosa G., Viviana A.T., Piras V., Andrea C., Alessandra B., Coen D., Magliola R., Milanesio D., Muzzulini C.L., Paolo F., Marinella T., Sofia C.M., Marta B., Siano P., Capo G., Napoletano R., Cecilia P., Mancini C., Del Buono C., De Bartolomeo G., Addolorata M., Carmen C., Giovanni V.A., Moschettini G., Franco M., Mulli O.F., Daniela R., D'Amico G., Mirella P., Endrizzi C., Trotta L., Ciarambino T., Orazio Z., Emanuela T., Marta S., Thomas F., Giacomo T., Di Fazio I., Andrea B., Giuseppe O., Emanuela F., Serena A., D'Imporzano E., Serena B., Erika N., Elena S., Manuela P., Francesca A., Angelo T., Aloisi, G., Marengoni, A., Morandi, A., Zucchelli, A., Cherubini, A., Mossello, E., Bo, M., Di Santo, S.G., Mazzone, A., Trabucchi, M., Cappa, S., Fimognari, F.L., Incalzi, R.A., Gareri, P., Perticone, F., Campanini, M., Montorsi, M., Latronico, N., Zambon, A., Bellelli, G., Rispoli, V., Malara, A., Spadea, F., Di Cello, S., Ceravolo, F., Fabiano, F., Chiaradia, G., Gabriele, A., Lenino, P., Andrea, T., Settembrini, V., Capomolla, D., Citrino, A., Scriva, A., Bruno, I., Secchi, R., De Martino, E., Muccinelli, R., Villa Del Sole, R.S.A., Lupi, G., Paonessa, P., Fabbri, A., Passuti, M.T., Castellari, S., Po, A., Gaggioli, G., Varesi, M., Moneti, P., Capurso, S., Latini, V., Ghidotti, S., Riccardelli, F., Macchi, M., Rigo, R., Claudio, P., Angelo, B., Flavio, C., Benedetta, B., Boffelli, S., Cassinadri, A., Franzoni, S., Spazzini, E., Andretto, D., Tonini, G., Andreani, L., Coralli, M., Balotta, A., Cancelliere, R., Ballardini, G., Simoncelli, M., Mancini, A., Strazzacapa, M., Fabio, S., De Filippi, F., Giudice, C., Dentizzi, C., Azzini, M., Cazzadori, M., Mastroeni, V., Bertassello, P., Benati, H.S.C., Nesta, E., Tobaldini, C., Guerini, F., Elena, T., Mombelloni, P., Fontanini, F., Gabriella, L., Pizzorni, C., Oliverio, M., Del Grosso, L.L., Giavedoni, C., Bidoli, G., Mazzei, B., Corsonello, A., Fusco, S., Vena, S., De Vuono, T., Maiuri, G., Luca, F.F., Andrea, A., Giovanni, S., Rossella, N., Castegnaro, E., De Rosa, S., Benvenuti, E., Del Lungo, I., Giardini, S., Giulietti, C., Mauro, D.B., Eleonora, B., Martina, P., Irene, F., Riccardo, B., Federica, S., Bertoletti, E., D'Amico, F., Caronzolo, F., Grippa, A., Lombardo, G., Pipicella, T., Antonino, S., Francesco, C., Valeria, P.G., Daniela, L., Domenico, C., Giorgio, B., March, A., Nitti, M.T., Felici, A., Pavan, S., Piazzani, F., Lunelli, A., Dimori, S., Margotta, A., Soglia, T., Postacchini, D., Brunelli, R., Santini, S., Francavilla, M., Macchiati, I., Sorvillo, F., Giuli, C., Mecocci, P., Longo, A., Addesi, D., Rosa, P.C., Bencardino, G., Falbo, T., Grillo, N., Marco, F., Mirella, F., Fantò, F., Isaia, G., Pezzilli, S., Bergamo, D., Furno, E., Rrodhe, S., Lucarini, S., Dijk, B., Dall'Acqua, F., Calvani, D., Becheri, D., Giuseppe, M., Costanza, M., Vito, A., Francesca, B., Magherini, L., Novella, M., Franca, B., Gambardella, P.M.L., Valente, C., Ospedale, N., Ilaria, B., Alice, F., Porrino, P., Ceci, G., Giuliana, B., Michela, T., Eleonora, C., Ettore, E., Camellini, C., Servello, A., Grassi, A., Rozzini, R., Tironi, S., Grassi, M.G., Troisi, E., Carlo, C., Gabriella, D.S.S., Flaminia, F., Federica, R., Beatrice, P., Sofia, T., Gabutto, A., Quazzo, L., Rosatello, A., Suraci, D., Tagliabue, B., Perrone, C., Ferrara, L., Castagna, A., Tremolada, M.L., Giuseppe, C., Stefano, B., Davide, O., Piano, S., Serviddio, G., Lo Buglio, A., Gurrera, T., Merlo, V., Rovai, C., Cotroneo, A.M., Carlucci, R., Abbaldo, A., Monzani, F., Qasem, A.A., Bini, G., Tafuto, S., Galli, G., Bruni, A.C., Mancuso, G., Mancuso, G., Calipari, D., Bernardini, B., Corsini, C., Michele, C., Sara, D.F., Cagnin, A., Fragiacomo, F., Pompanin, S., Piero, A., Marco, C., Zurlo, A., Guerra, G., Pala, M., Menozzi, L., Delli Gatti, C., Magon, S., Roberto, M., Alfredo, D.G., Fabio, F., Ruana, T., Elisa, M., Benedetta, B., Christian, M., Marco, P., Massimo, G., Di Francesco, V., Faccioli, S., Pellizzari, L., Giorgia, F., Barbagallo, G., Lunardelli, M.L., Martini, E., Ferrari, E., Macchiarulo, M., Corneli, M., Bacci, M., Battaglia, G., Anastasio, L., Lo Storto, M.S., Seresin, C., Simonato, M., Loreggian, M., Cestonaro, F., Durando, M., Latella, R., Mazzoleni, M., Russo, G., Ponte, M., Valchera, A., Salustri, G., Petritola, D., Costa, A., Sinforiani, E., Cotta, M.R., Piano, S., Pizio, R.N., Cester, A., Formilan, M., Pietro, B., Carbone, P., Cazzaniga, I., Appollonio, I., Cereda, D., Stabile, A., Xhani, R., Acampora, R., Tremolizzo, L., Federico, P., Antonio, C., Valerio, P., Cesare, B., Zhirajr, M., Giovanni, V., Maria, A., Mariaelena, S., Bottacchi, E., Bucciantini, E., Di Giovanni, M., Franchi, F., Lucchetti, L., Mariani, C., Grande, G., Rapazzini, P., Marco, M., Romanelli, G., Franco, N., Alessio, M., Stefano, B., Nicola, L., Laura, P., Nazario, P., Carlo, C., Chiara, G., Soccorso, P., Andrea, S., Luca, B., Francesca, S., Roberto, A., Marco, F., Anna, C., Francesco, C., Infettive, M., Fugazza, L., Guerrini, C., De Paduanis, G., Iallonardo, L., Palumbo, P., Zuliani, G., Ortolani, B., Capatti, E., Soavi, C., Bianchi, L., Francesconi, D., Miselli, A., Gloria, B., Tommaso, R., Chiara, P., Agata, M.M., Dall'Agata, M., Luca, M., Gianluca, G., Suardi, T., Zaccarini, C., Manuela, R., Mirra, G., Muti, E., Bottura, R., Gianpaolo, M., Secreto, P., Bisio, E., Cecchettani, M., Naldi, T., Pallavicino, A., Pugliese, M., Iozzo, R.C., Grassi, G., Michele, B., Dell'Oro, R., Fosca, Q.T., Giorgio, G.C., Giovanni, P., Ernesto, C., Mannironi, A., Giorli, E., Oberti, S., Fierro, B., Piccoli, T., Giacalone, F., Mandas, A., Serchisu, L., Costaggiu, D., Pinna, E., Orrù, F., Mannai, M., Cordioli, Z., Pelizzari, L., Turcato, E., Arduini, P., Cacace, C., Chiloiro, R., Cimino, R., Ruberto, C., Giovanni, R., Pietro, G., Laura, G., Alberto, C., Carmen, R., Dal Santo, P., Andriolli, A., Burattin, G., Rossi, L., Antonino, C.G.A., Giuseppe, C., Tezza, F., Maddalena, P., Laura, S., Crippa, P., Aloisio, P., Di Monda, T., Malighetti, A., Galbassini, G., Ivaldi, C., Russo, A.M., Bennati, E., Pino, E., Zavarise, G., Pesci, A., Suigo, G., Faverio, P., Andrea, G., Sabrina, P., Zanasi, M., Moniello, G., Rostagno, C., Cartei, A., Polidori, G., Ungar, A., Melis, M.R., Martellini, E., Enrico, M., Monica, T., Antonella, G., Giovanna, L., Migliorini, M., Caramelli, F., Battiston, B., Berardino, M., Cavallo, S., Alessandro, M., Anna, S., Lombardi, B., D'Ippolito, P., Furini, A., Villani, D., Clara, R., Guarneri, M., Paolucci, S., Bassi, A., Coiro, P., De Angelis, D., Morone, G., Venturiero, V., Palleschi, L., Raganato, P., Di Niro, G., Rosa, C.A., Loredana, B., Imoscopi, A., Isaia, G., Tibaldi, V., Bottignole, G.G., Calvi, E., Clementi, C., Zanocchi, M., Agosta, L., Criasia, A., Spertino, E., Nortarelli, A., Provenzano, G., Principato, P., Rizzo, A., Cellura, E., Mari, D., Romano, F.Y., Rosini, F., Mansi, M., Rossi, S., Riccardelli, A., Inzaghi, L., Bonini, G., Rossi, P., Potena, A., Lichii, M., Candiani, T., Grimaldi, W., Bertani, E., Alessandra, P., Calogero, P., Pinto, D., Bernardi, R., Nicolino, F., Galetti, C., Gianstefani, A., Giulia, C., Lorenzo, M., Odetti, P., Monacelli, F., Prefumo, M., Fiammetta, M., Canepa, M., Minaglia, C., Paolisso, G., Rizzo, M.R., Prestano, R., Dalise, A.M., Barra, D., Dal Bosco, L., Asprinio, V., Dallape, L., Perina, E., Bartoli, I.R., Pluderi, A., Maina, A., Pecoraro, E., Sciarra, M., Prudente, A., Paola, M., Francesca, M., Manuel, V., Luisella, C., Maria, P.L., Tina, S., Benini, L., Levato, F., Mhiuta, V., Alius, F., Davidoaia, D., Giardini, V., Garancini, M., Bellamoli, C., Terranova, L., Bozzini, C., Tosoni, P., Provoli, E., Cascone, L., Dioli, A., Ferrarin, G., Bucci, A., Bua, G., Fenu, S., Bianchi, G., Casella, S., Romano, V., Maurizio, P., Mascherona, I., Belotti, G., Cavaliere, S., Cuni, E., Merciuc, N., Oberti, R., Veneziani, S., Capoferri, E., De Bernardi, E., Colombo, K., Bravi, M., Nicoletta, N., D'Arcangelo, P., Montenegro, N., Galli, G., Montanari, R., Lamanna, P., Gasperini, B., Isabella, M., Stefania, D., Gaia, A., Filippo, C., Palamà, C., Di Emidio, C., Scarpini, E., Arighi, A., Fumagalli, G., Basilico, P., De Amicis Margherita, M., Marta, M., Diletta, M., Granata, A., Ranalli, C., Cammilli, A., Cavallini, M.C., Tricca, M., Natella, D., Gabbani, L., Tesi, F., Martella, L., Imbrici, R., Guerrini, G., Scotuzzi, A.M., Sozzi, F., Valenti, L., Chiarello, A., Monia, M., Pilotto, A., Prete, C., Senesi, B., Meta, A.C., Pendenza, E., Pasqualetti, G., Polini, A., Tognini, S., Ballino, E., Dell'Aquila, G., Gasparrini, P.M., Marotti, E., Migale, M., Scrimieri A., Falsetti, L., Salvi A., Toigo, G., Ceschia, G., Rosso, A., Tongiorgi, C., Scarpa, C., Maurizio, P., De Dominicis, L., Pucci, E., Renzi, S., Cartechini, E., Tomassini, P.F., Del Gobbo, M., Ugenti, F., Romeo, P., Nardelli, A., Lauretani, F., Visioli, S., Montanari, I., Ermini, F., Giordano, A., Pigato, G., Simeone, E., Colameco, F., Cecamore, A., Scurti, R., Lupinetti, M.C., Barbujani, M., Perazzi, B., Giampieri, M., Amoruso, R., Piccinini, M., Ferrari, C., Gambetti, C., Sfrappini, M., Semeraro, L., Striuli, R., Mariani, C., Pelliccioni, G., Marinelli, D., Fabi, K., Rossi, T., Pesallaccia, M., Sabbatini, D., Gobbi, B., Cerqua, R., Tagliani, G., Schlauser, E., Caser, L., Caramello, E., Sandigliano, F., Rosso, G., Ferrari, A., Bendini, C., Luisa, D.M., Casella, M., Prampolini, R., Scevola, M., Vitale, E., Roberto, B., Carlo, F., Sergio, F., Alberto, S., Daniela, Z., Giulia, B., Serena, G., Michele, B., Maugeri, D., Sorace, R., Anzaldi, M., De Gesu, R., Morrone, G., Davolio, F., Fabbo, A., Palmieri, M., Barbagallo, G., Zoli, M., Forti, P., Pirazzoli, L., Fabbri, E., Terenzi, L., Bergolari, F., Wenter, C., Ruffini, I., Insam, M., Abraham, E., Kirchlechner, C., Cucinotta, D., Antonino, L., Basile, G., Grazia, A.M., Parise, P., Boccali, A., Amici, S., Gambacorta, M., Lasagni, A., Lovati, R., Giovinazzo, F., Kimak, E., Zappa, P., Medici, F., Lo Castro, M., Mauro, F., De Luca, A., Sancesario, G., Martorana, A., Scaricamazza, B., Toniolo, S., Di Lorenzo, F., Liguori, C., Lasco, A., Vita, N., Giomi, M., Forte, F., Padovani, A., Rozzini, L., Ceraso, A., Salvatore, C., Cottino, M., Vitali, S., Marelli, E., Tripi, G., Miceli, S., Urso, G., Grioni, G., Vezzadini, G., Misaggi, G., Forlani, C., Avanzi, S., Serena, S., Claudia, C., Marilena, V., Alberto, L., Diego, G., Alessandro, G., Iemolo, F., Giordano, A., Sanzaro, E., D'Asta, G., Proietto, M., Carnemolla, A., Razza, G., Spadaro, D., Bertolotti, M., Mussi, C., Neviani, F., Roberto, C., Valentina, G., Linda, M., Francesca, V., Tarozzi, A., Balestri, F., Mannarino, G., Bigolari, M., Natale, A., Grassi, S., Bottaro, C., Stefanelli, S., Bovone, U., Tortorolo, U., Quadri, R., Leone, G., Ponzetto, M., Frasson, P., Annoni, G., Bruni, A., Confalonieri, R., Corsi, M., Moretti, D., Teruzzi, F., Umidi, S., Mazzola, P., Perego, S., Persico, I., Olivieri, G., Bonfanti, A., Hajnalka, S., Galeazzi, M., Massariello, F., Anzuini, A., Caffarra, P., Barocco, F., Spallazzi, M., Paolo, C.G., Simonetta, M., Andrea, A., Chioatto, P., Bortolamei, S., Soattin, L., Ruotolo, G., Beneamino, B., Giuseppe, B., Bertazzoli, M., Rota, E., Adobati, A., Scarpa, A., Granziera, S., Zuccher, P., Dal Fabbro, A., Zara, D., Lo Nigro, A., Franchetti, L., Toniolo, M., Marcuzzo, C., Piano, S., Rollone, M., Guerriero, F., Sgarlata, C., Massè, A., Zatti, G., Piatti, M., Graci, J., Benati, G., Boschi, F., Biondi, M., Fiumi, N., Erika, T., Locatelli, S.M., Mauri, S., Beretta, M., Margheritis, L., Desideri, G., Liberatore, E., Carucci, A.C., Bonino, P., Caput, M., Antonietti, M.P., Polistena, G., De La Pierre, F., Mari, M., Massignani, P., Tombesi, F., Selvaggio, F., Verbo, B., Bodoni, P., Marchionni, N., Sabatini, T., Mussio, E., Magni, E., Bianchetti, A., Crucitti, A., Titoldini, G., Cossu, B., Fascendini, S., Licini, C., Tomasoni, A., Calderazzo, M., Daniela, T., Valentina, L., Prampolini, R., Melotti, R.M., Lilli, A., Buda, S., Adversi, M., Noro, G., Turco, R., Ubezio, M.C., Mantovani, A.R., Viola, M.C., Serrati, C., Pretta, S., Infante, M., Gentile, S., D'Ambrosio, V., Mazzanti, P., Brambilla, C., Sportelli, S., Platto, C., Faraci, B., Quattrocchi, D., Pernigotti, L.M., Pisu, C., Sicuro, F., Del Grosso, L.L., Zagnoni, P., Ghiglia, S., Mosca, M., Corazzin, I., Deola, M., Di Agordo, O., Biagini, C.A., Bencini, F., Cantini, C., Tonon, E., Pierinelli, S., Onofrj, M., Thomas, A., Filomena, B., Bonanni, L., Gabriella, C., Comi, G., Magnani, G., Santangelo, R., Mazzeo, S., Giuseppe, M., Francesca, C., Giordano, C., Roberto, S., Barbieri, C., Giroldi, L., Bandini, F., Masina, M., Malservisi, S., Cicognani, A., Ricca, L., Ricca, L., Piccininni, M., Tassinari, T., Brogi, D., Sugo, A., Alessandra, F., Sonia, M., Valerio, V., Andrea, U.C., Enrico, C., Vera, R.F., Assunta, S., Gianmaria, Z., Mauro, P., Pietro, B., Roberto, M., Salvatore, C., Barone, A., Razzano, M., Giuseppe, I., Angela, B., Francesco, S., D'Agostino, V., Federico, G., Lucia, P., Antonella, V., Di Cello, E., Cristina, C., Nadia, C., Maria, S., Luciano, A., Chiara, C., Bini, P., Pignata, M., Enrico, B., Maria, V., Giovanni, C., Giorgio, C., Andrea, T., Marco, M., Piera, R., Alberto, Z., Ceccon, A., Magrin, L., Marin, S., Barbara, S., Marco, M., Laura, G., Matteo, M., Marco, P., Caterina, P.M., Carla, R., Federica, G., Clara, T., Melania, C., Giampaolo, B., Stefano, G., Valeria, G., Lucia, M., Giovambattista, D., Ester, L., Cecilia, C.A., Maurizio, T., Vera, R.F., Nadia, B., Grillo, A., Arenare, F., Tonino, M., David, K., Giorgio, V.P., Ubaldo, B., Vincenzo, S., Stefano, M., Marino, F., Flavio, M.T.B., Paolo, A., Monica, M., Francesco, B., Roberto, F., Paolo, B., Durante-Mangoni, E., Testoni, M., Di Stefano, F., Loredana, S., Daniela, M., Valeria, S., Fabiano, M., Di Giorgio, A., De Cosmo, S., Greco, A., D'Onofrio, G., Daniele, S., Gianluca, R., Renzo, G., Sergio, M., Morena, B., Vitali, M., Marina, P., De Colle, P., Cristina, S., Alessandra, F., Orlandini, F., La Regina, M., Desirée, A., Mirella, F., Mario, B., Paola, P., Padulo, F., Cristina, M., Dario, R., Giancarla, M., Guido, R., Elena, M., Prete, C., Marileda, N., Igor, B., Nicole, B., Elena, R., Paolillo, C., Riccardi, A., Claudia, B., Barbara, R., Francesca, M., Silvia, V., Chiara, C., Oliver, B., Mauro, C., Eleonora, M., Giuseppe, P., Rosaria, T., Maria, C., Dell'Acqua, D., Stefania, C., Marco, C., Massimo, P., Luca, S., De Feo, M., Paola, V., Lia, S., Sandro, C., De Santis, V., Erminia, B., Paola, C., Romina, R., Minisola, S., Luciano, C., Pasquale, A., Ilaria, L., Francesca, C., Guglielmo, S., Marco, E., Sara, R., Paola, A., Claudio, A., Francesco, R., Alessandro, C., Simona, M., Lara, F., Paola, R., Simonetta, C., Antonella, C., Generoso, U., Fernando, G., Giuliano, C., Emanuela, S., Mariolina, S., Alessandro, D., Chiara, P., Giulia, L., Alessandro, G., Famularo, S., Sandini, M., Pinotti, E., Gianotti, L., Antonella, B., Giulia, P., Sante, G., Rossi, A., Rubele, S., Sant, S., Marco, V., Danila, C., Fabio, R., Bandirali, M.P., Nicoletta, C., Laura, B., Paolo, T., Luciano, T., Leonello, A., Margherita, S., De Notaris, S., Del Santo, P., Laura, R., Fabiana, T., Giovanna, C., Antonino, A., Felice, C., Giuseppe, B., Danilo, F., Di Bella, G., Francesco, L., Salini, S., Angela, B.M., Giorgetta, C., Giovanni, G., Paola, C., Gerardo, B., Silvio, R., Letizia, S., Sabrina, P., Davide, B., Rosaria, R.M., Maria, D.A., Raffaele, P., Palmieri, V.O., Palasciano, G., Belfiore, A., Portincasa, P., Carlo, S., Vincenzo, S., D'Introno, A., Valiani, V., Carolina, B., Tiziana, C., Giordano, C., Paola, T., Ugo, P., Federica, R., Giacomo, P., Castellano, M., Anna, G., Elisa, C., Federica, C., Antonietta, C.M., Luigi, M., Fabio, L., Salvatore, B., Giuseppe, M., Gelosa, G., Viviana, A.T., Piras, V., Andrea, C., Alessandra, B., Coen, D., Magliola, R., Milanesio, D., Muzzulini, C.L., Paolo, F., Marinella, T., Sofia, C.M., Marta, B., Siano, P., Capo, G., Napoletano, R., Cecilia, P., Mancini, C., Del Buono, C., De Bartolomeo, G., Addolorata, M., Carmen, C., Roberto, C., Giovanni, V.A., Moschettini, G., Franco M., Mulli, O.F., Daniela, R., D'Amico, G., Mirella, P., Endrizzi, C., Trotta, L., Ciarambino, T., Orazio, Z., Emanuela, T., Marta, S., Thomas, F., Giacomo, T., Di Fazio, I., Andrea, B., Giuseppe, O., Emanuela, F., Serena, A., D'Imporzano, E., Anna, C., Serena, B., Erika, N., Roberto, S., Elena, S., Manuela, P., Francesca, A., Angelo, T., Aloisi, G, Marengoni, A, Morandi, A, Zucchelli, A, Cherubini, A, Mossello, E, Bo, M, Di Santo, S, Mazzone, A, Trabucchi, M, Cappa, S, Fimognari, F, Incalzi, R, Gareri, P, Perticone, F, Campanini, M, Montorsi, M, Latronico, N, Zambon, A, Bellelli, G, and Faverio, P
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Male ,diagnosis ,medications ,0302 clinical medicine ,prevention ,Aged, 80 and over ,Delirium ,Drug Prescriptions ,Female ,Hospital Departments ,Humans ,Prevalence ,Polypharmacy ,Prescription Drugs ,80 and over ,Medicine ,LS4_4 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Acute hospital ,media_common ,Confounding ,elderly patients, hip fracture, hospitalized patients, prediction rule, risk factor, dementia, events, medications, prevention, diagnosis ,risk-factor ,risk factor ,hip fracture ,Psychiatry and Mental Health ,medicine.symptom ,events ,Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,hospitalized-patients ,media_common.quotation_subject ,MEDLINE ,Socio-culturale ,elderly-patients ,elderly patients ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,mental disorders ,Dementia ,Medical prescription ,prediction rule ,Aged ,business.industry ,hospitalized patients ,medicine.disease ,nervous system diseases ,dementia ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the association between polypharmacy and delirium, the association of specific drug categories with delirium, and the differences in drug-delirium association between medical and surgical units and according to dementia diagnosis. Methods Data were collected during 2 waves of Delirium Day, a multicenter delirium prevalence study including patients (aged 65 years or older) admitted to acute and long-term care wards in Italy (2015-2016); in this study, only patients enrolled in acute hospital wards were selected (n = 4,133). Delirium was assessed according to score on the 4 "A's" Test. Prescriptions were classified by main drug categories; polypharmacy was defined as a prescription of drugs from 5 or more classes. Results Of 4,133 participants, 969 (23.4%) had delirium. The general prevalence of polypharmacy was higher in patients with delirium (67.6% vs 63.0%, P = .009) but varied according to clinical settings. After adjustment for confounders, polypharmacy was associated with delirium only in patients admitted to surgical units (OR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.4-6.1). Insulin, antibiotics, antiepileptics, antipsychotics, and atypical antidepressants were associated with delirium, whereas statins and angiotensin receptor blockers exhibited an inverse association. A stronger association was seen between typical and atypical antipsychotics and delirium in subjects free from dementia compared to individuals with dementia (typical: OR = 4.31; 95% CI, 2.94-6.31 without dementia vs OR = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.19-2.26 with dementia; atypical: OR = 5.32; 95% CI, 3.44-8.22 without dementia vs OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.26-2.40 with dementia). The absence of antipsychotics among the prescribed drugs was inversely associated with delirium in the whole sample and in both of the hospital settings, but only in patients without dementia. Conclusions Polypharmacy is significantly associated with delirium only in surgical units, raising the issue of the relevance of medication review in different clinical settings. Specific drug classes are associated with delirium depending on the clinical setting and dementia diagnosis, suggesting the need to further explore this relationship.
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- 2019
59. Relationship between phonons and thermal expansion in Zn(CN)2 and Ni(CN)2 from inelastic neutron scattering and ab initio calculations.
- Author
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Mittal, R., Zbiri, M., Schober, H., Marelli, E., Hibble, S. J., Chippindale, A. M., and Chaplot, S. L.
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PHONONS , *THERMAL expansion , *INELASTIC neutron scattering , *SPECTRUM analysis , *QUANTUM chemistry , *QUANTUM theory - Abstract
Zn (CN)2 and Ni(CN)2 are known for exhibiting anomalous thermal expansion over a wide temperature range. The volume thermal expansion coefficient for the cubic, three-dimensionally connected material, Zn(CN)2, is negative (αV = -51 × 10-6 K-1) while for Ni(CN)2, a tetragonal material, the thermal expansion coefficient is negative in the two-dimensionally connected sheets (αa= -7 × 10-6 K-1), but the overall thermal expansion coefficient is positive (αV = 48 × 10-6 K-1). We have measured the temperature dependence of phonon spectra in these compounds and analyzed them using ab initio calculations. The spectra of the two compounds show large differences that cannot be explained by simple mass renormalization of the modes involving Zn (65.38 amu) and Ni (58.69 amu) atoms. This reflects the fact that the structure and bonding are quite different in the two compounds. The calculated pressure dependence of the phonon modes and of the thermal expansion coefficient, αV, are used to understand the anomalous behavior in these compounds. Our ab initio calculations indicate that phonon modes of energy ∼2 meV are major contributors to negative thermal expansion (NTE) in both compounds. The low-energy modes of ∼8 and 13 meV also contribute significantly to the NTE in Zn(CN)2 and Ni(CN)2, respectively. The measured temperature dependence of the phonon spectra has been used to estimate the total anharmonicity of both compounds. For Zn(CN)2, the temperature-dependent measurements (total anharmonicity), along with our previously reported pressure dependence of the phonon spectra (quasiharmonic), is used to separate the explicit temperature effect at constant volume (intrinsic anharmonicity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
- Full Text
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60. Patients’ Expectations in a Geriatric Rehabilitation Ward: Matching with Actual Outcomes
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Eleonora Marelli, Mauro Colombo, Antonio Guaita, Achim Rusu, Cristina Miramonti, Rosella Capuano, Giuseppe Procino, Carla Facchini, Colombo, M, Facchini, C, Rusu, A, Marelli, E, Procino, G, Capuano, R, Miramonti, C, and Guaita, A
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Matching (statistics) ,Geriatric rehabilitation ,Rehabilitation ,Barthel index ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Discharge home ,Functional recovery ,Outcome (game theory) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Statistical significance ,SPS/08 - SOCIOLOGIA DEI PROCESSI CULTURALI E COMUNICATIVI ,Physical therapy ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Expectations, Outcomes, Geriatric Rehabilitation, Person-Centered Care ,business ,human activities ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Aim: Person-centered care is a core issue in rehabilitation; the study aims at: 1) enquiring the outcome expectations of patients in a geriatric rehabilitation ward; 2) matching outcome expectations with actual outcomes. Methods: Expectations of 186 patients [79.4 (8.7) years, 70% females] analyzed through a questionnaire. 80.6% of patients were discharged home; functional recovery = 17.7 (22) points in Barthel Index total score, and 5 (4.2) points in Barthel Index walking subscore; also conditions with nursing needs improved significantly. Results: Patients’ expectations were coded as: functional (31.4%), overall (29.6%), and clinical improvement (21.5%), discharge home (7%); no answers or explicit lack of expectations (7.5%). Walking ability recovery differed according to outcome expectations. Highest improvements were achieved by patients wishing clinical improvement, followed by those expecting functional or overall improvement (5 points) [p = 0.009 (Welch)/p = 0.041 (Brown- Forsythe)]; worst improvement in walking ability (2.8 points) were got by patients faulting or declaring explicit failure of expectations. Conditions with nursing needs improved most in those expecting clinical improvements [p = 0.029 (Brown-Forsythe)], and less in case of expectation default. No further matching was found. Conclusions: Improvement in actual outcomes matched expected improvements in two circumstances: recovery in walking ability and in conditions with nursing needs. The high yield of different favorable outcomes may have masked the statistical significance for correspondence between actual and expected results. Special attention is worthy towards patients short of expectations, as their actual outcomes result poorer.
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- 2017
61. THE EFFECTS OF INWARD FDI ON REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT IN EUROPE
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Enrico, Marelli, Resmini, LAURA SANTA, Marcello, Signorelli, Marelli, E, Resmini, L, and Signorelli, M
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Foreign Direct Investments ,foreign direct investment ,regional impact of FDI ,employment effect of FDI ,SECS-P/02 - POLITICA ECONOMICA ,jel:R19 ,jel:J29 ,jel:F21 ,Foreign Direct Investment, regional impact of FDI, employment effects of FDI, FDI and EU regions - Abstract
This paper explores whether and to what extent inward FDI is able to affect regional employment, a complex issue often discussed in policy debates but still scarcely explored in the scientific literature. The paper addresses the following research questions: i) Is regional (sub-national) employment significantly affected by FDI in the EU-27 context? ii) Are the results significantly different across different groups of regions (Eastern, Western, Northern and Southern EU regions)? iii) Is sectorial employment differently affected in the above groups of regions? We explore these issues empirically by using an unbalanced panel of 270 EU regions, seven manufacturing and services sectors, and three periods of time. Overall, we find that FDI inflows are employmen-texpanding in all economic sectors, with the exception of the construction industry. Positive effects on employment are detected, on average, in Northern and Western EU regions, but not in Central and Eastern European regions and in Southern ones.
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- 2014
62. 'Delirium Day': a nationwide point prevalence study of delirium in older hospitalized patients using an easy standardized diagnostic tool
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Bellelli, Giuseppe, Morandi, Alessandro, Di Santo, Simona G., Mazzone, Andrea, Cherubini, Antonio, Mossello, Enrico, Mario, Bo, Bianchetti, Angelo, Rozzini, Renzo, Zanetti, Ermellina, Musicco, Massimo, Ferrari, Alberto, Ferrara, Nicola, Trabucchi, Marco, Boffelli, Stefano, Stefano, Fabio Di, Filippi, Francesco De, Guerini, Fabio, Bertoletti, Erik, March, Albert, Margiotta, Alessandro, Mecocci, Patrizia, Addesi, Desireè, Fantò, Fausto, Dijik, Babette, Porrino, Paola, Cotroneo, Antonino Maria, Galli, Giovanni, Bruni, Amalia Cecilia, Bernardini, Bruno, Corsini, Carla, Cagnin, Annachiara, Zurlo, Amedeo, Barbagallo, Giuseppe, Lunardelli, Maria Lia, Martini, Emilio, Battaglia, Giuseppe, Latella, Raffaele, Petritola, Donatella, Sinforiani, Elena, Cester, Alberto, Formilan, Marino, Carbone, Pasqualina, Appollonio, Ildebrando, Cereda, Diletta, Tremolizzo, Lucio, Bottacchi, Edo, Lucchetti, Lucio, Mariani, Claudio, Rapazzini, Piero, Romanelli, Giuseppe, Marengoni, Alessandra, Zuliani, Giovanni, Bianchi, Lara, Suardi, Teresa, Muti, Ettore, Bottura, Renato, Sgrò, Giovanni, Mandas, Antonella, Serchisu, Luca, Crippa, Patrizia, Ivaldi, Claudio, Ungar, Andrea, Villani, Daniele, Raimondi, Clara, Mussi, Chiara, Isaia, Giancarlo, Provenzano, Giuseppe, Mari, Daniela, Odetti, Patrizio, Monacelli, Fiammetta, Incalzi, Raffaele Antonelli, Pluderi, Alice, Bellamoli, Claudio, Terranova, Luciano, Scarpini, Elio, D'Amico, Ferdinando, Cavallini, Maria Chiara, Guerrini, Gianbattista, Scotuzzi, Anna Maria, Chiarello, Antonino, Pilotto, Alberto, Tognini, Sara, Dell'Aquila, Giuseppina, Toigo, Gabriele, Ceschia, Giuliano, Piccinini, Maristella, Fabbo, Andrea, Zoli, Marco, Forti, Paola, Wenter, Christian, Basile, Giorgio, Lasagni, Anna, Padovani, Alessandro, Rozzini, Luca, Cottino, Maria, Vitali, Silvia, Tripi, Gabriele, Avanzi, Stefano, Annoni, Giorgio, Ruotolo, Giovanni, Boschi, Federica, Bonino, Paolo, Marchionni, Niccolo, Fascendini, Sara, Noro, Gabriele, Turco, Renato, Ubezio, Maria C., Serrati, Carlo, Infante, Maria, Gentile, Simona, Pernigotti, Luigi M., Biagini, Carlo A., Canonico, Enzo, Bonati, Pietro, Gareri, Pietro, Caffarra, Paolo, Ceretti, Arcangelo, Castiglia, Rosanna, Gabelli, Carlo, Storto, Mario Lo, Putzu, Paolo, Santo, Simona Di, Malara, Alba, Spadea, Fausto, Di Cello, Serena, Ceravolo, Francesco, Fabiano, Francesco, Rispoli, Vincenzo, Chiaradia, Giuseppe, Gabriele, Amedeo, Settembrini, Vincenzo, Capomolla, Domenico, Citrino, Antonella, Scriva, Antonietta, Bruno, Irene, Secchi, Roberto, De Martino, Eugenio, Muccinelli, Roberto, Lupi, Gerardo, Paonessa, Patrizio, Fabbri, Andrea, Castellari, Sofia, Andrea, Po, Gaggioli, Guido, Varesi, Massimo, Moneti, Paolo, Capurso, Sebastiano, Latini, Vincenzo, Ghidotti, Stefano, Riccardelli, Francesco, Macchi, Maurizio, Cassinadri, Angela, Tonini, Gabriele, Andreani, Laura, Coralli, Mirco, Balotta, Antonio, Cancelliere, Roberto, Strazzacapa, Mara, Cavallino, Pierangela, Fabio, Stefano, De Filippi, Francesco, Giudice, Chiara, Floris, Patrizia, Dentizzi, Cosimo, D’Elia, Katia, Azzini, Margherita, Cazzadori, Marco, Benati, Claudia, Tobaldini, Chiara, Antonioli, Angela, Mombelloni, Paolo, Fontanini, Fulvio, Oliverio, Martina, Del Grosso, Luciano, Giavedoni, Cristina, Bidoli, Giuliano, Mazzei, Bruno, Corsonello, Andrea, Fusco, Sergio, Vena, Silvio, De Vuono, Tommaso, Maiuri, Giorgio, Castegnaro, Eugenio, De Rosa, Salvatore, Sechi, Rossella Bazzano, Benvenuti, Enrico, Del Lungo, Ilaria, Giardini, Sante, Giulietti, Chiara, D’Amico, Ferdinando, Caronzolo, Francesco, Grippa, Alessandro, Lombardo, Giuseppina, Pipicella, Tiziana, Nitti, Maria Teresa, Felici, Alessandro, Pavan, Silvia, Piazzani, Fabrizio, Lunelli, Alessandra, Dimori, Sergio, Magnani, Angelo, Soglia, Tiziano, Postacchini, Demetrio, Brunelli, Roberto, Santini, Silvia, Francavilla, Monia, Macchiati, Ilenia, Sorvillo, Francesca, Giuli, Cinzia, Perticone, Francesco, Rosa, Paola Cerra, Bencardino, Giuseppe, Falbo, Tania, Grillo, Nadia, Isaia, Gianluca, Pezzilli, Stella, Bergamo, Daniele, Furno, Elisabetta, Rrodhe, Sokol, Lucarini, Simonetta, Dall’Acqua, Francesca, Cappelletto, Francesco, Calvani, Donatella, Becheri, Dimitri, Gambardella, Lucia, Valente, Carlo, Ceci, Giacomo, Ettorre, Evaristo, Tironi, Sara, Grassi, Maria Grazia, Troisi, Elio, Gabutto, Anna, Baglietto, Nino, Quazzo, Loredana, Rosatello, Annalisa, Suraci, Domenico, Tagliabue, Benedetta, Perrone, Chiara, Ferrara, Lucia, Castagna, Alberto, Tremolada, Maria Luisa, Piano, Simonetta, Serviddio, Gaetano, Lo Buglio, Aurelio, Gurrera, Tiziana, Merlo, Valeria, Rovai, Carla, Carlucci, Rosaria, Abbaldo, Anna, Monzani, Fabio, Qasem, Ahmad Amedeo, Bini, Giacomo, Tafuto, Silvia, Mancuso, Giovanna, Fragiacomo, Federica, Pompanin, Sara, Guerra, Gianluca, Pala, Marco, Menozzi, Luca, Gatti, Chiara Delli, Magon, Stefania, Di Francesco, Vincenzo, Faccioli, Silvia, Pellizzari, Luca, Lia Lunardelli, Maria, Macchiarulo, Maria, Corneli, Maria, Bacci, Monica, Lo Storto, Mario, Seresin, Chiara, Simonato, Matteo, Loreggian, Michele, Cestonaro, Fausta, Durando, Mario, Mazzoleni, Marta, Russo, Giuseppe, Ponte, Martino, Valchera, Alessandro, Salustri, Giuseppe, Costa, Alfredo, Cotta, Matteo Ramusino, Pizio, Renato Nicola, Perego, Germana, Bucciantini, Elisabetta, Di Giovanni, Marco, Franchi, Fabrizio, Claudio Mariani, Sara Barbieri, Grande, Giulia, Fugazza, Luciano, Guerrini, Chiara, De Paduanis, Giovanna, Iallonardo, Lucia, Palumbo, Pasquale, Ortolani, Beatrice, Capatti, Eleonora, Soavi, Cecilia, Francesconi, Daniela, Miselli, Agata, Zaccarini, Cinzia, Mirra, Gianluca, Secreto, Piero, Bisio, Erika, Cecchettani, Marco, Naldi, Tamara, Pallavicino, Alessandra, Pugliese, Michela, Iozzo, Rosaria Cosima, Guido Grassi, Giovanni Sgrò, Dell’Oro, Raffaella, Mannironi, Antonio, Giorli, Elisa, Oberti, Sara, Fierro, Brigida, Piccoli, Tommaso, Giacalone, Fabio, Costaggiu, Diego, Pinna, Elisa, Orrù, Francesca, Mannai, Martina, Cordioli, Zeno, Pelizzari, Luca, Chiloiro, Roberta, Cimino, Rosella, Ruberto, Carmen, Dal Santo, Pierluigi, Andriolli, Antonino, Burattin, Giuseppe, Rossi, Laura, Tezza, Fabiana, Aloisio, Paola, Di Monda, Tiziana, Galbassini, Gloria, Russo, Anna Maria, Pesci, Alberto, Suigo, Giulia, Zanasi, Massimo, Moniello, Giovanni, Rostagno, Carlo, Cartei, Alessandro, Polidori, Gianluca, Melis, Maria Ramona, Martellini, Eleonora, Battiston, Bruno, Berardino, Maurizio, Cavallo, Simona, Lombardi, Bruna, D’Ippolito, Pierpaolo, Furini, Angela, Guarneri, Massimo, Paolucci, Stefano, Bassi, Andrea, Coiro, Paola, De Angelis, Domenico, Morone, Giovanni, Venturiero, Vincenzo, Palleschi, Lorenzo, Raganato, Paolo, Di Niro, Giuseppina, Imoscopi, Alessandra, Tibaldi, Vittoria, Bottignole, Giuliana, Calvi, Elisa, Clementi, Carlotta, Zanocchi, Mauro, Agosta, Luca, Criasia, Antonio, Spertino, Elena, Nortarelli, Antonella, Principato, Pietro, Rizzo, Anita, Cellura, Eleonora, Zanghierato, Angelo, Romano, Federica Y., Rosini, Francesca, Mansi, Marta, Rossi, Silvia, Riccardelli, Alex, Potena, Alfredo, Lichii, Mihaela, Candiani, Tiziana, Grimaldi, William, Bertani, Emiliano, Calogero, Pietro, Pinto, Daniela, Bernardi, Roberto, Nicolino, Francesco, Galetti, Caterina, Gianstefani, Alice, Prefumo, Matteo, Paolisso, Giuseppe, Rizzo, Maria Rosaria, Prestano, Raffaele, Dalise, Anna Maria, Barra, Davide, Dal Bosco, Livio, Asprinio, Vincenzo, Dallape, Luciana, Perina, Elisa, Bartoli, Isaura Rossi, Maina, Antonella, Pecoraro, Elisabetta, Sciarra, Michela, Prudente, Angela, Benini, Lucia, Levato, Francesco, Mhiuta, Victor, Alius, Florin, Davidoaia, Diana, Giardini, Vittorio, Garancini, Mattia, Bozzini, Claudia, Tosoni, Paolo, Provoli, Emma, Cascone, Luisa, Dioli, Andrea, Ferrarin, Gianfranco, Bucci, Adelmo, Bua, Guido, Fenu, Sara, Bianchi, Giovanna, Casella, Silvia, Romano, Valentina, Belotti, Gloria, Cavaliere, Sabina, Cuni, Estella, Merciuc, Nina, Oberti, Rosella, Colombo, Katia, D’Arcangelo, Paolo, Montenegro, Nicola, Montanari, Roberto, Lamanna, Pierpaolo, Gasperini, Beatrice, Arighi, Andrea, Granata, Antonino, Ranalli, Claudia, Cammilli, Alessandra, Tricca, Manola, Natella, Daniela, Sozzi, Ferdinando, Valenti, Luigi, Monia, Monella, Prete, Camilla, Senesi, Barbara, Meta, Anna Cristina, Pendenza, Enrico, Pasqualetti, Giuseppe, Polini, Antonio, Ballino, Elena, Dell’Aquila, Giuseppina, Gasparrini, Pina Maria, Marotti, Elisabetta, Migale, Monica, Scrimieri, Antonia, Rosso, Alessia, Tongiorgi, Chiara, Scarpa, Cristina, Pacchioni, Maurizio, De Dominicis, Luigino, Pucci, Eugenio, Renzi, Sara, Cartechini, Elisabetta, Barilaro, Giuseppe, Ugenti, Francesca, Romeo, Pasquale, Nardelli, Anna, Lauretani, Fulvio, Visioli, Sandra, Montanari, Ilaria, Ermini, Francesca, Giordano, Antonio, Pigato, Giorgio, Simeone, Emilio, Colameco, Franco, Cecamore, Antonella, Scurti, Rosa, Lupinetti, Maria Cristina, Barbujani, Mario, Perazzi, Beatrice, Giampieri, Marina, Amoruso, Raffaele, Ferrari, Camilla, Gambetti, Claudio, Sfrappini, Mario, Semeraro, Letizia, Striuli, Rinaldo, Mariani, Claudia, Pelliccioni, Giuseppe, Marinelli, Donatella, Rossi, Tommaso, Pesallaccia, Martina, Sabbatini, Debora, Gobbi, Beatrice, Cerqua, Raffaella, Tagliani, Giancarla, Schlauser, Elena, Caser, Luciano, Caramello, Elisa, Sandigliano, Franca, Rosso, Giorgio, Bendini, Chiara, Scevola, Moreno, Vitale, Enrico, Maugeri, Domenico, Sorace, Rosaria, Anzaldi, Massimiliano, De Gesu, Roberto, Morrone, Giuseppe, Davolio, Federica, Pirazzoli, Luca, Fabbri, Elisa, Ruffini, Ingrid, Insam, Miriam, Abraham, Elisabeth, Kirchlechner, Christine, Cucinotta, Domenico, Parise, Pasquale, Boccali, Andrea, Amici, Serena, Gambacorta, Maurizia, Lovati, Roberto, Giovinazzo, Francesca, Kimak, Elzbieta, Lo Castro, Marika, Mauro, Flavia, De Luca, Alessandro, Sancesario, Giuseppe, Martorana, Alessandro, Scaricamazza, Beatrice, Toniolo, Sofia, Di Lorenzo, Francesco, Liguori, Claudio, Lasco, Antonino, Vita, Natale, Giomi, Mirna, Forte, Floriana, Ceraso, Anna, Marelli, Eleonora, Miceli, Salvatore, Urso, Giovanni, Grioni, Giuseppe, Vezzadini, Giuliana, Misaggi, Giulia, Forlani, Chiara, Iemolo, Francesco, Giordano, Antonello, Sanzaro, Enzo, D’Asta, Gabriele, Proietto, Maria, Carnemolla, Anna, Razza, Grazia, Spadaro, Daniela, Bertolotti, Marco, Neviani, Francesca, Balestri, Francesca, Torrini, Monica, Mannarino, Giulio, Tesi, Francesca, Bigolari, Michela, Natale, Alessia, Grassi, Simona, Bottaro, Cinzia, Stefanelli, Sara, Bovone, Ugo, Tortorolo, Umberto, Quadri, Roberto, Leone, Giuseppe, Ponzetto, Maria, Frasson, Paola, Bruni, Adriana, Confalonieri, Roberto, Corsi, Maurizio, Moretti, Daniela, Teruzzi, Fabiola, Umidi, Simona, Barocco, Federica, Spallazzi, Marco, Chioatto, Paolo, Bortolamei, Sandra, Soattin, Lucia, Bertazzoli, Marco, Rota, Elisabetta, Adobati, Annamaria, Scarpa, Alberto, Granziera, Serena, Zuccher, Paola, Dal Fabbro, Angela, Zara, Daniela, Lo Nigro, Ambra, Franchetti, Lorena, Toniolo, Marika, Marcuzzo, Cinzia, Rollone, Marco, Guerriero, Fabio, Sgarlata, Carmelo, Massè, Alessandro, Zatti, Giovanni, Piatti, Massimiliano, Graci, Jole, Benati, Giuseppe, Biondi, Mario, Fiumi, Nicoletta, Locatelli, Sergio M., Mauri, Sabrina, Beretta, Mauro, Margheritis, Laura, Desideri, Giovanbattista, Liberatore, Ester, Carucci, Anna Cecilia, Caput, Margherita, Antonietti, Maria Paola, Polistena, Giuseppe, De la Pierre, Franz, Mari, Marcello, Massignani, Paola, Tombesi, Fabio, Selvaggio, Fabio, Verbo, Brunella, Bodoni, Paolo, Marchionni, Niccolò, Sabatini, Tony, Mussio, Eleonora, Titoldini, Giulia, Cossu, Beatrice, Licini, Cristina, Tomasoni, Angela, Calderazzo, Massimo, Prampolini, Raffaella, Melotti, Rita Maria, Lilli, Albina, Buda, Simona, Adversi, Marco, Mantovani, Anna Roberta, Viola, Maria C., D’Ambrosio, Viviana, Mazzanti, Paolo, Brambilla, Cristina, Sportelli, Silvia, Quattrocchi, Daniela, Pisu, Cristina, Sicuro, Francesca, Zagnoni, Piergiuseppe, Ghiglia, Stefania, Mosca, Massimiliano, Corazzin, Ileana, Deola, Mariangela, Biagini, Carlo Adriano, Bencini, Francesca, Cantini, Claudia, Tonon, Elisabetta, Pierinelli, Silvia, Onofrj, Marco, Thomas, Astrid, Bonanni, Laura, Cacchiò, Gabriella, Comi, Giancarlo, Magnani, Giuseppe, Santangelo, Roberto, Mazzeo, Salvatore, Barbieri, Cristina, Giroldi, Liviana, Bandini, Fabio, Masina, Marco, Malservisi, Simona, Cicognani, Annalena, Ricca, Laura, Tassinari, Tiziana, Brogi, Davide, Sugo, Annalisa, Bellelli G., Morandi A., Di Santo S.G., Mazzone A., Cherubini A., Mossello E., Bo M., Bianchetti A., Rozzini R., Zanetti E., Musicco M., Ferrari A., Ferrara N., Trabucchi M., Boffelli S., Stefano F.D., Filippi F.D., Guerini F., Bertoletti E., March A., Margiotta A., Mecocci P., Addesi D., Fanto F., Dijik B., Porrino P., Cotroneo A.M., Galli G., Bruni A.C., Bernardini B., Corsini C., Cagnin A., Zurlo A., Barbagallo G., Lunardelli M.L., Martini E., Battaglia G., Latella R., Petritola D., Sinforiani E., Cester A., Formilan M., Carbone P., Appollonio I., Cereda D., Tremolizzo L., Bottacchi E., Lucchetti L., Mariani C., Rapazzini P., Romanelli G., Marengoni A., Zuliani G., Bianchi L., Suardi T., Muti E., Bottura R., Sgro G., Mandas A., Serchisu L., Crippa P., Ivaldi C., Ungar A., Villani D., Raimondi C., Mussi C., Isaia G., Provenzano G., Mari D., Odetti P., Monacelli F., Incalzi R.A., Pluderi A., Bellamoli C., Terranova L., Scarpini E., D'Amico G., Cavallini M.C., Guerrini G., Scotuzzi A.M., Chiarello A., Pilotto A., Tognini S., Dell'Aquila G., Toigo G., Ceschia G., Piccinini M., Fabbo A., Zoli M., Forti P., Wenter C., Basile G., Lasagni A., Padovani A., Rozzini L., Cottino M., Vitali S., Tripi G., Avanzi S., Annoni G., Ruotolo G., Boschi F., Bonino P., Marchionni N., Fascendini S., Noro G., Turco R., Ubezio M.C., Serrati C., Infante M., Gentile S., Pernigotti L.M., Biagini C.A., Canonico E., Bonati P., Gareri P., Caffarra P., Ceretti A., Castiglia R., Gabelli C., Storto M.L., Putzu P., Santo S.D., Malara A., Spadea F., Di Cello S., Ceravolo F., Fabiano F., Rispoli V., Chiaradia G., Gabriele A., Settembrini V., Capomolla D., Citrino A., Scriva A., Bruno I., Secchi R., De Martino E., Muccinelli R., Lupi G., Paonessa P., Fabbri A., Castellari S., Po A., Gaggioli G., Varesi M., Moneti P., Capurso S., Latini V., Ghidotti S., Riccardelli F., Macchi M., Cassinadri A., Tonini G., Andreani L., Coralli M., Balotta A., Cancelliere R., Strazzacapa M., Cavallino P., Fabio S., De Filippi F., Giudice C., Floris P., Dentizzi C., D'Elia K., Azzini M., Cazzadori M., Benati C., Tobaldini C., Antonioli A., Mombelloni P., Fontanini F., Oliverio M., Del Grosso L., Giavedoni C., Bidoli G., Mazzei B., Corsonello A., Fusco S., Vena S., De Vuono T., Maiuri G., Castegnaro E., De Rosa S., Sechi R.B., Benvenuti E., Del Lungo I., Giardini S., Giulietti C., D'Amico F., Caronzolo F., Grippa A., Lombardo G., Pipicella T., Nitti M.T., Felici A., Pavan S., Lunelli A., Dimori S., Magnani A., Soglia T., Postacchini D., Brunelli R., Santini S., Francavilla M., Macchiati I., Sorvillo F., Giuli C., Perticone F., Rosa P.C., Bencardino G., Falbo T., Grillo N., Pezzilli S., Bergamo D., Furno E., Rrodhe S., Lucarini S., Dall'Acqua F., Cappelletto F., Calvani D., Becheri D., Gambardella L., Valente C., Ceci G., Ettorre E., Tironi S., Grassi M.G., Troisi E., Gabutto A., Baglietto N., Quazzo L., Rosatello A., Suraci D., Tagliabue B., Perrone C., Ferrara L., Castagna A., Tremolada M., Piano S., Serviddio G., Lo Buglio A., Gurrera T., Merlo V., Rovai C., Carlucci R., Abbaldo A., Monzani F., Qasem A., Bini G., Tafuto S., Mancuso G., Fragiacomo F., Pompanin S., Guerra G., Pala M., Menozzi L., Gatti C.D., Magon S., Di Francesco V., Faccioli S., Pellizzari L., Lia Lunardelli M., Macchiarulo M., Corneli M., Bacci M., Lo Storto M., Seresin C., Simonato M., Loreggian M., Cestonaro F., Durando M., Mazzoleni M., Russo G., Ponte M., Valchera A., Salustri G., Costa A., Cotta M.R., Pizio R.N., Perego G., Bucciantini E., Di Giovanni M., Franchi F., Claudio Mariani S.B., Grande G., Fugazza L., Guerrini C., De Paduanis G., Iallonardo L., Palumbo P., Ortolani B., Capatti E., Soavi C., Francesconi D., Miselli A., Zaccarini C., Mirra G., Secreto P., Bisio E., Cecchettani M., Naldi T., Pallavicino A., Pugliese M., Iozzo R., Guido Grassi G.S., Dell'Oro R., Mannironi A., Giorli E., Oberti S., Fierro B., Piccoli T., Giacalone F., Costaggiu D., Pinna E., Orru F., Mannai M., Cordioli Z., Pelizzari L., Chiloiro R., Cimino R., Ruberto C., Dal Santo P., Andriolli A., Burattin G., Rossi L., Tezza F., Aloisio P., Di Monda T., Galbassini G., Russo A., Pesci A., Suigo G., Zanasi M., Moniello G., Rostagno C., Cartei A., Polidori G., Melis M., Martellini E., Battiston B., Berardino M., Cavallo S., Lombardi B., D'Ippolito P., Furini A., Guarneri M., Paolucci S., Bassi A., Coiro P., De Angelis D., Morone G., Venturiero V., Palleschi L., Raganato P., Di Niro G., Imoscopi A., Tibaldi V., Bottignole G., Calvi E., Clementi C., Zanocchi M., Agosta L., Criasia A., Spertino E., Nortarelli A., Principato P., Rizzo A., Cellura E., Zanghierato A., Romano F.Y., Rosini F., Mansi M., Rossi S., Riccardelli A., Potena A., Lichii M., Candiani T., Grimaldi W., Bertani E., Calogero P., Pinto D., Bernardi R., Nicolino F., Galetti C., Gianstefani A., Prefumo M., Paolisso G., Rizzo M.R., Prestano R., Dalise A.M., Barra D., Dal Bosco L., Asprinio V., Dallape L., Perina E., Bartoli I.R., Maina A., Pecoraro E., Sciarra M., Prudente A., Benini L., Levato F., Mhiuta V., Alius F., Davidoaia D., Giardini V., Garancini M., Bozzini C., Tosoni P., Provoli E., Cascone L., Dioli A., Ferrarin G., Bucci A., Bua G., Fenu S., Bianchi G., Casella S., Romano V., Belotti G., Cavaliere S., Cuni E., Merciuc N., Oberti R., Colombo K., D'Arcangelo P., Montenegro N., Montanari R., Lamanna P., Gasperini B., Arighi A., Granata A., Ranalli C., Cammilli A., Tricca M., Natella D., Sozzi F., Valenti L., Monia M., Prete C., Senesi B., Meta A.C., Pendenza E., Pasqualetti G., Polini A., Ballino E., Gasparrini P., Marotti E., Migale M., Scrimieri A., Rosso A., Tongiorgi C., Scarpa C., Pacchioni M., De Dominicis L., Pucci E., Renzi S., Cartechini E., Barilaro G., Ugenti F., Romeo P., Nardelli A., Lauretani F., Visioli S., Montanari I., Ermini F., Giordano A., Pigato G., Simeone E., Colameco F., Cecamore A., Scurti R., Lupinetti M.C., Barbujani M., Perazzi B., Giampieri M., Amoruso R., Ferrari C., Gambetti C., Sfrappini M., Semeraro L., Striuli R., Pelliccioni G., Marinelli D., Rossi T., Pesallaccia M., Sabbatini D., Gobbi B., Cerqua R., Tagliani G., Schlauser E., Caser L., Caramello E., Sandigliano F., Rosso G., Bendini C., Scevola M., Vitale E., Maugeri D., Sorace R., Anzaldi M., De Gesu R., Morrone G., Davolio F., Pirazzoli L., Fabbri E., Ruffini I., Insam M., Abraham E., Kirchlechner C., Cucinotta D., Parise P., Boccali A., Amici S., Gambacorta M., Lovati R., Giovinazzo F., Kimak E., Lo Castro M., Mauro F., De Luca A., Sancesario G., Martorana A., Scaricamazza B., Toniolo S., Di Lorenzo F., Liguori C., Lasco A., Vita N., Giomi M., Forte F., Ceraso A., Marelli E., Miceli S., Urso G., Grioni G., Vezzadini G., Misaggi G., Forlani C., Iemolo F., Sanzaro E., D'Asta G., Proietto M., Carnemolla A., Razza G., Spadaro D., Bertolotti M., Neviani F., Balestri F., Torrini M., Mannarino G., Tesi F., Bigolari M., Natale A., Grassi S., Bottaro C., Stefanelli S., Bovone U., Tortorolo U., Quadri R., Leone G., Ponzetto M., Frasson P., Bruni A., Confalonieri R., Corsi M., Moretti D., Teruzzi F., Umidi S., Barocco F., Spallazzi M., Chioatto P., Bortolamei S., Soattin L., Bertazzoli M., Rota E., Adobati A., Scarpa A., Granziera S., Zuccher P., Dal Fabbro A., Zara D., Lo Nigro A., Franchetti L., Toniolo M., Marcuzzo C., Rollone M., Guerriero F., Sgarlata C., Masse A., Zatti G., Piatti M., Graci J., Benati G., Biondi M., Fiumi N., Locatelli S.M., Mauri S., Beretta M., Margheritis L., Desideri G., Liberatore E., Carucci A.C., Caput M., Antonietti M.P., Polistena G., De la Pierre F., Mari M., Massignani P., Tombesi F., Selvaggio F., Verbo B., Bodoni P., Sabatini T., Mussio E., Titoldini G., Cossu B., Licini C., Tomasoni A., Calderazzo M., Prampolini R., Melotti R.M., Lilli A., Buda S., Adversi M., Mantovani A.R., Viola M.C., D'Ambrosio V.V., Mazzanti P., Brambilla C., Sportelli S., Quattrocchi D., Pisu C., Sicuro F., Zagnoni P., Ghiglia S., Mosca M., Corazzin I., Deola M., Bencini F., Cantini C., Tonon E., Pierinelli S., Onofrj M., Thomas A., Bonanni L., Cacchio G., Comi G., Magnani G., Santangelo R., Mazzeo S., Barbieri C., Giroldi L., Bandini F., Masina M., Malservisi S., Cicognani A., Ricca L., Tassinari T., Brogi D., Sugo A., Bellelli, G, Morandi, A, Di Santo, S, Mazzone, A, Cherubini, A, Mossello, E, Bo, M, Bianchetti, A, Rozzini, R, Zanetti, E, Musicco, M, Ferrari, A, Ferrara, N, Trabucchi, M, Appollonio, I, Cereda, D, Tremolizzo, L, Annoni, G, Zatti, G, Bellelli, Giuseppe, Morandi, Alessandro, Di Santo, Simona G, Mazzone, Andrea, Cherubini, Antonio, Mossello, Enrico, Bo, Mario, Bianchetti, Angelo, Rozzini, Renzo, Zanetti, Ermellina, Musicco, Massimo, Ferrari, Alberto, Ferrara, Nicola, Trabucchi, Marco, Giuseppe Bellelli, Alessandro Morandi, Simona G. Di Santo, Andrea Mazzone, Antonio Cherubini, Enrico Mossello, Mario Bo, Angelo Bianchetti, Renzo Rozzini, Ermellina Zanetti, Massimo Musicco, Alberto Ferrari, Nicola Ferrara, Marco Trabucchi, and on behalf of the Italian Study Group on Delirium (ISGoD), Stefano Boffelli, Fabio Di Stefano, Francesco De Filippi, Fabio Guerini, Erik Bertoletti, Albert March, Alessandro Margiotta, Patrizia Mecocci, Desireè Addesi, Fausto Fantò, Gianluca Isaia, Babette Dijik, Paola Porrino, Antonino Maria Cotroneo, Giovanni Galli, Amalia Cecilia Bruni, Bruno Bernardini, Carla Corsini, Annachiara Cagnin, Amedeo Zurlo, Giuseppe Barbagallo, Maria Lia Lunardelli, Emilio Martini, Giuseppe Battaglia, Raffaele Latella, Donatella Petritola, Elena Sinforiani, Alberto Cester, Marino Formilan, Pasqualina Carbone, Ildebrando Appollonio, Diletta Cereda, Lucio Tremolizzo, Edo Bottacchi, Lucio Lucchetti, Claudio Mariani, Piero Rapazzini, Giuseppe Romanelli, Alessandra Marengoni, Giovanni Zuliani, Lara Bianchi, Teresa Suardi, Ettore Muti, Renato Bottura, Giovanni Sgrò, Antonella Manda, Luca Serchisu, Patrizia Crippa, Claudio Ivaldi, Andrea Ungar, Daniele Villani, Clara Raimondi, Chiara Mussi, Giancarlo Isaia, Giuseppe Provenzano, Daniela Mari, Patrizio Odetti, Fiammetta Monacelli, Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi, Alice Pluderi, Claudio Bellamoli, Luciano Terranova, Elio Scarpini, Ferdinando D'Amico, Maria Chiara Cavallini, Gianbattista Guerrini, Anna Maria Scotuzzi, Antonino Chiarello, Alberto Pilotto, Sara Tognini, Giuseppina Dell’Aquila, Gabriele Toigo, Giuliano Ceschia, Maristella Piccinini, Andrea Fabbo, Marco Zoli, Paola Forti, Christian Wenter, Giorgio Basile, Anna Lasagni, Alessandro Padovani, Luca Rozzini, Maria Cottino, Silvia Vitali, Gabriele Tripi, Stefano Avanzi, Giorgio Annoni, Giovanni Ruotolo, Federica Boschi, Paolo Bonino, Niccolò Marchionni, Maria C. Cavallini, Sara Fascendini, Gabriele Noro, Renato Turco, Maria C. Ubezio, Carlo Serrati, Maria Infante, Simona Gentile, Luigi M. Pernigotti, Carlo A. Biagini, Enzo Canonico, Pietro Bonati, Pietro Gareri, Paolo Caffarra, Arcangelo Ceretti, Rosanna Castiglia, Carlo Gabelli, Mario Lo Storto, Paolo Putzu, Simona Di Santo, Andrea, Mazzone, and Rita Maria Melotti
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Male ,Cross-sectional study ,Hospitalized patients ,Prevalence ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,80 and over ,Odds Ratio ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Multicenter ,Acute hospital ,2. Zero hunger ,Aged, 80 and over ,Medicine(all) ,Medicine (all) ,Settore BIO/14 ,General Medicine ,3. Good health ,4AT ,Delirium ,Hospital ,Aged ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,Humans ,Inpatients ,Italy ,Logistic Models ,medicine.symptom ,Research Article ,Rehabilitation hospital ,medicine.medical_specialty ,NO ,03 medical and health sciences ,4AT, Delirium, Hospital, Multicenter, Prevalence, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Delirium, Female, Humans, Inpatients, Italy, Logistic Models, Male, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires ,mental disorders ,Psychiatry ,business.industry ,Odds ratio ,Emergency medicine ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background To date, delirium prevalence in adult acute hospital populations has been estimated generally from pooled findings of single-center studies and/or among specific patient populations. Furthermore, the number of participants in these studies has not exceeded a few hundred. To overcome these limitations, we have determined, in a multicenter study, the prevalence of delirium over a single day among a large population of patients admitted to acute and rehabilitation hospital wards in Italy. Methods This is a point prevalence study (called “Delirium Day”) including 1867 older patients (aged 65 years or more) across 108 acute and 12 rehabilitation wards in Italian hospitals. Delirium was assessed on the same day in all patients using the 4AT, a validated and briefly administered tool which does not require training. We also collected data regarding motoric subtypes of delirium, functional and nutritional status, dementia, comorbidity, medications, feeding tubes, peripheral venous and urinary catheters, and physical restraints. Results The mean sample age was 82.0 ± 7.5 years (58 % female). Overall, 429 patients (22.9 %) had delirium. Hypoactive was the commonest subtype (132/344 patients, 38.5 %), followed by mixed, hyperactive, and nonmotoric delirium. The prevalence was highest in Neurology (28.5 %) and Geriatrics (24.7 %), lowest in Rehabilitation (14.0 %), and intermediate in Orthopedic (20.6 %) and Internal Medicine wards (21.4 %). In a multivariable logistic regression, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.05), Activities of Daily Living dependence (OR 1.19, 95 % CI 1.12–1.27), dementia (OR 3.25, 95 % CI 2.41–4.38), malnutrition (OR 2.01, 95 % CI 1.29–3.14), and use of antipsychotics (OR 2.03, 95 % CI 1.45–2.82), feeding tubes (OR 2.51, 95 % CI 1.11–5.66), peripheral venous catheters (OR 1.41, 95 % CI 1.06–1.87), urinary catheters (OR 1.73, 95 % CI 1.30–2.29), and physical restraints (OR 1.84, 95 % CI 1.40–2.40) were associated with delirium. Admission to Neurology wards was also associated with delirium (OR 2.00, 95 % CI 1.29–3.14), while admission to other settings was not. Conclusions Delirium occurred in more than one out of five patients in acute and rehabilitation hospital wards. Prevalence was highest in Neurology and lowest in Rehabilitation divisions. The “Delirium Day” project might become a useful method to assess delirium across hospital settings and a benchmarking platform for future surveys. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0649-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2016
63. Labour, Productivity and Growth: an Introductory Essay
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Francesco Pastore, Enrico Marelli, Marelli, E, and Pastore, Francesco
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Macroeconomics ,Reinterpretation ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Labour economics ,productivity ,Strategy and Management ,labour ,growth ,productivity slowdown in Europe ,determinants of productivity ,Labour market flexibility ,Variety (cybernetics) ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,Economics ,Industrial relations ,Productivity ,Total factor productivity ,Incomes policy ,Flexicurity - Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce the special issue on “Labour, productivity and growth”.Design/methodology/approachThe paper discusses the articles in the special issue, which investigate the main theme – labour, productivity and growth – from different points of view by employing a variety of econometric methods. These include improvement of the evaluation of the impact of labour market flexibility on economic performance, analysis of the macroeconomic law of decreasing returns to labour, a new panel co‐integration method, and a reinterpretation of co‐integration analysis to assess the impact of incomes policy. Institutional variables, in particular the system of industrial relations, are duly considered.FindingsThe papers in the special issue highlight different causes of sluggish economic (productivity) growth in Europe, in the light of not only traditional macroeconomic variables, such as total factor productivity and labour market flexibility, but also such factors as neo‐corporatist industrial relations and management practices, which are generally neglected in the literature.Originality/valueThe paper introduces a number of articles proposing innovations in the interpretation and application of a wide range of theoretical approaches and econometric methodologies. It also discusses several policy suggestions for fighting sluggish productivity growth, including investment in research and development, human capital, flexicurity, innovative industrial relations practices and high‐performance workplace practices also considered capable of affecting macroeconomic performance.
- Published
- 2010
64. 'Structural Change and Regional Imbalances in Transition'
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CAROLEO F. E, PASTORE, Francesco, MARELLI, E., SIGNORELLI M., Caroleo, F. E., and Pastore, Francesco
- Published
- 2010
65. Capitale umano, mercato del lavoro e sviluppo territoriale
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Marelli, Enrico Piero, Pompili, T., Marelli, E, and Pompili, T
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Capitale umano ,Crescita e sviluppo regionale ,SECS-P/06 - ECONOMIA APPLICATA - Abstract
Scopo di questo lavoro è porre in evidenza la rilevanza concettuale del capitale umano nella interpretazione della competitività delle imprese e quindi, a monte, di vari aspetti del mercato del lavoro e, a valle, dei processi di sviluppo territoriale. Se è vero che il progresso economico e sociale dipende sempre più da una adeguata formazione di capitale umano, occorre riconoscere a maggior ragione che un'adeguata qualificazione del fattore lavoro è elemento cruciale per il successo delle attività delle imprese, nelle loro svariate tipologie, anche in relazione ad aspetti quali il "decision-making" e la pianificazione strategica. In primo luogo si passa in rassegna il ruolo della conoscenza nella competitività e nello sviluppo di lungo termine delle imprese. Nel resto dell'articolo si considera la catena causale istruzione - qualità del lavoro - produttività - competitività. A livello teorico, un primo aspetto esaminato concerne le determinanti della domanda d'istruzione, e quindi della offerta di lavoro qualificato. Successivamente, le diverse tipologie d'offerta d'istruzione e di qualificazione del fattore lavoro saranno analizzate, sempre a livello teorico. Inoltre, le determinanti della domanda di lavoro qualificato implicano un esame dei legami tra livello di istruzione, guadagni e produttività del lavoro. Infine, si allarga lo sguardo all'intero territorio, come effetto e come causa del comportamento aggregato delle imprese. Da un lato si considerano gli effetti dello sviluppo e della diffusione delle conoscenze, mentre dall'altro si osservano le modalità della divisione spaziale del lavoro e le loro implicazioni gerarchiche.
- Published
- 1991
66. Nanocellulose-short peptide self-assembly for improved mechanical strength and barrier performance.
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Marchetti A, Marelli E, Bergamaschi G, Lahtinen P, Paananen A, Linder M, Pigliacelli C, and Metrangolo P
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- Hydrogels chemistry, Hydrogels chemical synthesis, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Wettability, Surface Properties, Particle Size, Peptides chemistry, Cellulose chemistry, Nanofibers chemistry
- Abstract
Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) are the most abundant renewable nanoscale fibers on Earth, and their use in the design of hybrid materials is ever more acclaimed, although it has been mostly limited, to date, to CNF derivatives obtained via covalent functionalization. Herein, we propose a noncovalent approach employing a set of short peptides - DFNKF, DF(I)NKF, and DF(F
5 )NKF - as supramolecular additives to engineer hybrid hydrogels and films based on unfunctionalized CNF. Even at minimal concentrations (from 0.1% to 0.01% w/w), these peptides demonstrate a remarkable ability to enhance CNF rheological properties, increasing both dynamic moduli by more than an order of magnitude. Upon vacuum filtration of the hydrogels, we obtained CNF-peptide films with tailored hydrophobicity and surface wettability, modulated according to the peptide content and halogen type. Notably, the presence of fluorine in the CNF-DF(F5 )NKF film, despite being minimal, strongly enhances CNF water vapor barrier properties and reduces the film water uptake. Overall, this approach offers a modular, straightforward method to create fully bio-based CNF-peptide materials, where the inclusion of DFNKF derivatives allows for facile functionalization and material property modulation, opening their potential use in the design of packaging solutions and biomedical devices.- Published
- 2024
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67. Predicting Time to Delivery in Hypertensive Disorders: Assessing PlGF and sFlt-1 with the Novel Parameter 'Mtp-Multiples of a Normal Term Placenta'.
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Giardini V, Santagati AAF, Marelli E, Casati M, Cantarutti A, and Vergani P
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Background: Imbalanced angiogenesis is characteristic of normal placental maturation but it also signals placental dysfunction, underlying hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between angiogenic placental aging, measured by markers placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) using the new index "Multiples of a normal term placenta" (Mtp) and the duration of pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted, including singleton pregnancies diagnosed or suspected of hypertensive disorders after the 20th gestational week. Mtp measures how far a single dosage of angiogenic marker deviates from the expected value in an uncomplicated full-term pregnancy (Mpt = sFlt-1/sFlt-1 reference value or PIGF/PIGF reference value). We considered the 90th, 95th, and 97.5th centiles for sFlt-1 and the 2.5th, 5th, and 10th centiles for PlGF as references. Results: The categories with longer time to delivery, regardless of gestational age, were: Mtp PlGF 10th c ≥ 2, ≥3 and Mtp sFlt-1 90th c ≤ 0.5 (median days of 9, 11, 15 days, respectively). These two categories Mtp sFlt-1 90th c ≥ 3 and Mtp sFlt-1 97.5th c ≥ 2 allow the identification of women at risk for imminent delivery within 1 day. Women who were deemed at low/medium risk based on the sFlt-1/PIGF ratio appeared to be at high risk when considering the individual values of sFlt-1 and/or PIGF. Conclusions: This new Mtp index for sFlt-1 and PlGF could be employed to assess the degree of placental aging in women with hypertensive disorders. It represents a valid tool for evaluating the risk of imminent birth, irrespective of gestational age, surpassing the current stratification based on the sFlt-1/PIGF ratio.
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- 2024
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68. SUMO-dependent transcriptional repression by Sox2 inhibits the proliferation of neural stem cells.
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Marelli E, Hughes J, and Scotting PJ
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- Transcription, Genetic, Embryonic Stem Cells, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Cell Proliferation, SOXB1 Transcription Factors genetics, SOXB1 Transcription Factors metabolism, Cell Differentiation genetics, Neural Stem Cells metabolism
- Abstract
Sox2 is known for its roles in maintaining the stem cell state of embryonic stem cells and neural stem cells. In particular, it has been shown to slow the proliferation of these cell types. It is also known for its effects as an activating transcription factor. Despite this, analysis of published studies shows that it represses as many genes as it activates. Here, we identify a new set of target genes that Sox2 represses in neural stem cells. These genes are associated with centrosomes, centromeres and other aspects of cell cycle control. In addition, we show that SUMOylation of Sox2 is necessary for the repression of these genes and for its repressive effects on cell proliferation. Together, these data suggest that SUMO-dependent repression of this group of target genes is responsible for the role of Sox2 in regulating the proliferation of neural stem cells., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Marelli et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
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- 2024
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69. Associations between Maternal Nutritional Status, Hemodynamic Parameters, and Delivery Outcomes in Low-Risk Pregnancies: A Prospective Observational Study.
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Lubrano C, Parisi F, Coco C, Marelli E, Burello E, and Cetin I
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- Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Cardiac Output, Hemodynamics, Vascular Resistance, Prospective Studies, Nutritional Status, Placenta
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Maternal nutritional status represents a pivotal predictor of pregnancy outcome. This prospective observational study investigates the associations between maternal characteristics and nutritional habits at term, hemodynamic parameters, and pregnancy outcomes. Healthy women with singleton uncomplicated pregnancies were enrolled at 36-41 gestational weeks. At enrollment, a nutritional score (0-10) was calculated in order to quantify maternal adherence to a healthy diet and lifestyle. Maternal hemodynamic parameters were assessed by using the Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitor (USCOM), including cardiac output (CO), systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and Smith-Madigan inotropy index (SMII). Pregnancy outcomes were recorded at delivery. Associations between maternal characteristics and nutritional score, hemodynamic parameters, and pregnancy outcomes were investigated by using multi-adjusted generalized linear models. In total, 143 pregnancies were enrolled. Pregestational body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with SVR, and negatively associated with CO and SMII. Additionally, a positive association was detected between the nutritional score and SMII. Finally, CO was positively associated with birth and placental weight, while RVS showed a negative association with birth and placental weight. This study shows that maternal derangements in nutritional status and habits are associated with a compromised hemodynamic profile at term, with additional impacts on intrauterine growth.
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- 2024
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70. Subjective Dry Eye Symptoms and Objective Ocular Surface Signs in a Civil Air Crew Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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Fachinetti A, Marelli E, Velati P, Minoretti P, De Palma G, and Sigurtà C
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Background Aviation professionals are often exposed to conditions such as low cabin air pressure, reduced humidity, and prolonged artificial lighting, which may predispose them to dry eye disease (DED). We therefore designed a cross-sectional study with three primary objectives. Our first aim was to determine the prevalence of subjective dry eye symptoms among civil flight personnel. To achieve this, we administered the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire. Second, we performed ocular examinations to assess objective DED indicators, such as the Schirmer's-1 (SCH-1) test and tear film break-up time (TBUT). We then correlated the results of these objective tests with the subjective symptoms reported by the participants. Last, we aimed to identify the independent risk factors for positive SCH-1 and TBUT results among aircrew personnel who did not report subjective dry eye symptoms. Methods The study sample consisted of 189 aircrew personnel (94 men and 95 women; mean age: 35.8 ± 10.4 years). They completed the SPEED questionnaire, a tool for assessing ocular surface symptoms. Participants' symptoms were classified as normal (SPEED scores 0-6), moderate (SPEED scores 7-15), or severe (SPEED scores 16-28). The objective assessment included the SCH-1 test for tear production and the TBUT test for tear film quality. Results A significant majority of participants (n = 165; 87.3%) did not report any subjective symptoms of DED. However, 12.2% (n = 23) and 0.5% (n = 1) of the study subjects experienced moderate and severe symptoms, respectively. The SCH-1 test and TBUT test were positive in 25.4% (n = 48) and 24.9% (n = 47) of the participants, respectively. Interestingly, among the aircrew personnel who did not report any subjective dry eye symptoms (SPEED scores 0-6), 18.8% (n = 31) and 17.6% (n = 29) showed abnormal results on the SCH-1 test and TBUT, respectively. Age was identified as the only independent predictor of a positive TBUT (odds ratio = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01-1.08, p = 0.01), with a borderline significant association with a positive SCH-1 test (odds ratio = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.99-1.07, p = 0.06). Conclusions The disparity between subjective symptoms and objective tests emphasizes the significance of incorporating objective measures for screening and diagnosing DED in civil flight personnel. If independently confirmed by future research, our findings could potentially lead to the routine implementation of surveillance protocols that incorporate objective DED indicators. Moreover, as age emerged as an independent predictor of positive results on objective tests, it is crucial to consider age-specific screening strategies., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Fachinetti et al.)
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- 2024
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71. Acute spontaneous non-hemorrhagic adrenal infarction in pregnancy: case-report and literature review.
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Ornaghi S, Fernicola F, Marelli E, Perotti M, Di Gennaro F, Cameroni I, Mariani EM, Pincelli AI, Colciago E, Cetin I, and Vergani P
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- Pregnancy, Female, Humans, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Infarction diagnostic imaging, Infarction etiology, Abdomen, Acute diagnosis, Abdomen, Acute etiology, Adrenal Gland Diseases diagnosis
- Abstract
Unilateral non-hemorrhagic adrenal infarction (NHAI) is a very uncommon cause of acute abdomen in pregnancy. Diagnosis is highly challenging due to its rarity, heterogeneity of clinical presentation, and inconclusiveness of the initial workup. Timely recognition is pivotal to ensuring optimal outcomes. Here we describe a case of spontaneous unilateral NHAI diagnosed in a singleton pregnant woman at 32 weeks' gestation at our centre and provide the findings of an extensive literature review on the topic. We identified 22 articles describing 31 NHAI cases in 30 obstetric patients: NHAI occurs more frequently on the right side and in the third trimester, and diagnosis is formulated more than 24 h after clinical presentation in 50% of cases; second-level imaging is always necessary to reach a definitive diagnosis and start appropriate treatment. A high degree of clinical suspicion is needed to promptly recognize NHAI in pregnancy, thus allowing appropriate multidisciplinary management and timely treatment initiation. Promotion of knowledge and awareness of NHAI as a potential cause of acute abdomen in pregnancy is mandatory to improve clinical practice and, ultimately, perinatal outcomes.
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- 2023
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72. Cobalt-free layered perovskites RBaCuFeO 5+ δ (R = 4f lanthanide) as electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction.
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Marelli E, Lyu J, Morin M, Leménager M, Shang T, Yüzbasi NS, Aegerter D, Huang J, Daffé ND, Clark AH, Sheptyakov D, Graule T, Nachtegaal M, Pomjakushina E, Schmidt TJ, Krack M, Fabbri E, and Medarde M
- Abstract
Co-based perovskite oxides are intensively studied as promising catalysts for electrochemical water splitting in an alkaline environment. However, the increasing Co demand by the battery industry is pushing the search for Co-free alternatives. Here we report a systematic study of the Co-free layered perovskite famil y RBaCuFeO
5+ δ (R = 4f lanthanide), where we uncover the existence of clear correlations between electrochemical properties and several physicochemical descriptors. Using a combination of advanced neutron and X-ray synchrotron techniques with ab initio DFT calculations we demonstrate and rationalize the positive impact of a large R ionic radius in their oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. We also reveal that, in these materials, Fe3+ is the transition metal cation the most prone to donate electrons. We also show that similar R3+ /Ba2+ ionic radii favor the incorporation and mobility of oxygen in the layered perovskite structure and increase the number of available O diffusion paths, which have an additional, positive impact on both, the electric conductivity and the OER process. An unexpected result is the observation of a clear surface reconstruction exclusively in oxygen-rich samples ( δ > 0), a fact that could be related to their superior OER activity. The encouraging intrinsic OER values obtained for the most active electrocatalyst (LaBaCuFeO5.49 ), together with the possibility of industrially producing this material in nanocrystalline form should inspire the design of other Co-free oxide catalysts with optimal properties for electrochemical water splitting., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)- Published
- 2023
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73. Base-Triggered Oxidative Addition to Gold.
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Marelli E, Monot J, Martin-Vaca B, Mallet-Ladeira S, García-Rodeja Y, Miqueu K, and Bourissou D
- Abstract
The coordination of secondary phosphine oxides (SPO) was shown to efficiently promote the activation of C(sp
2 )-I bonds by gold, as long as a base is added (NEt3 , K2 CO3 ). These transformations stand as a new type of chelation-assisted oxidative addition to gold. The role of the base and the influence of the electronic properties of the P-ligand were analyzed computationally. Accordingly, the oxidative addition was found to be dominated by Au→(Ar-I) backdonation. In this case, gold behaves similarly to palladium, suggesting that the inverse electron flow reported previously (with prevailing (Ar-I)→Au donation, resulting in faster reactions of electron-enriched substrates) is a specific feature of electron-deficient cationic gold(I) complexes. The reaction gives straightforward access to (P=O,C)-cyclometallated Au(III) complexes. The possibility to chemically derivatize the SPO moiety at Au(III) was substantiated by protonation and silylation reactions., (© 2023 The Authors. Chemistry - A European Journal published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2023
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74. (P,C)-cyclometalated complexes derived from naphthyl phosphines: versatile and powerful tools in organometallic chemistry.
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Monot J, Marelli E, Martin-Vaca B, and Bourissou D
- Abstract
The chemistry of (P,C)-cyclometalated complexes derived from naphthyl phosphines [
Np (P,C)M] is presented and analysed in this review. The three main synthetic approaches, namely P-chelation assisted C-H activation, oxidative addition and transmetalation, are described and compared. If a naphthyl framework inherently predisposes a phosphorus atom and transition metal to interact, a rigid metallacycle may induce some strain and distortion, as apparent from the survey of the single-crystal X-ray diffraction structures deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database (77 entries with metals from groups 7 to 11). Generally, theNp (P,C)-cyclometalation imparts high thermal and chemical robustness to the complexes, and a variety of stoichiometric reactions have been reported. In most cases, the metalacyclic structure is retained, but protodecyclometalation and ring-expansion have been sparingly observed. [Np (P,C)M] complexes have also proved to be competent and actually competitive catalysts in several transformations, and they act as key intermediates in some others. In addition, interesting phosphorescence properties have been occasionally pointed out.- Published
- 2023
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75. An expedient, mild and aqueous method for Suzuki-Miyaura diversification of (hetero)aryl halides or (poly)chlorinated pharmaceuticals.
- Author
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Sharma SV, Pubill-Ulldemolins C, Marelli E, and Goss RJM
- Abstract
The development of mild, aqueous conditions for the cross-coupling of highly functionalized (hetero)aryl chlorides or bromides is attractive, enabling their functionalization and diversification. Herein, we report a general method for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling at 37 °C in aqueous media in the presence of air. We demonstrate application of this general methodology for derivatisation of (poly)chlorinated, medicinally active compounds and halogenated amino acids. The approach holds the potential to be a useful tool for late-stage functionalization or analogue generation., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © the Partner Organisations.)
- Published
- 2021
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76. Correlation between Oxygen Vacancies and Oxygen Evolution Reaction Activity for a Model Electrode: PrBaCo 2 O 5+δ .
- Author
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Marelli E, Gazquez J, Poghosyan E, Müller E, Gawryluk DJ, Pomjakushina E, Sheptyakov D, Piamonteze C, Aegerter D, Schmidt TJ, Medarde M, and Fabbri E
- Abstract
The role of the perovskite lattice oxygen in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is systematically studied in the PrBaCo
2 O5+δ family. The reduced number of physical/chemical variables combined with in-depth characterizations such as neutron dif-fraction, O K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), magnetization and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) studies, helps investigating the complex correlation between OER activity and a single perovskite property, such as the oxygen content. Larger amount of oxygen vacancies appears to facilitate the OER, possibly contributing to the mechanism involving the oxidation of lattice oxygen, i.e., the lattice oxygen evolution reaction (LOER). Furthermore, not only the number of vacancies but also their local arrangement in the perovskite lattice influences the OER activity, with a clear drop for the more stable, ordered stoichiometry., (© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2021
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77. Potential-Induced Spin Changes in Fe/N/C Electrocatalysts Assessed by In Situ X-ray Emission Spectroscopy.
- Author
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Saveleva VA, Ebner K, Ni L, Smolentsev G, Klose D, Zitolo A, Marelli E, Li J, Medarde M, Safonova OV, Nachtegaal M, Jaouen F, Kramm UI, Schmidt TJ, and Herranz J
- Abstract
The commercial success of the electrochemical energy conversion technologies required for the decarbonization of the energy sector requires the replacement of the noble metal-based electrocatalysts currently used in (co-)electrolyzers and fuel cells with inexpensive, platinum-group metal-free analogs. Among these, Fe/N/C-type catalysts display promising performances for the reduction of O
2 or CO2 , but their insufficient activity and stability jeopardize their implementation in such devices. To circumvent these issues, a better understanding of the local geometric and electronic structure of their catalytic active sites under reaction conditions is needed. Herein we shed light on the electronic structure of the molecular sites in two Fe/N/C catalysts by probing their average spin state with X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). Chiefly, our in situ XES measurements reveal for the first time the existence of reversible, potential-induced spin state changes in these materials., (© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2021
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78. Metal-ligand-Lewis acid multi-cooperative catalysis: a step forward in the Conia-ene reaction.
- Author
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Clerc A, Marelli E, Adet N, Monot J, Martín-Vaca B, and Bourissou D
- Abstract
An original multi-cooperative catalytic approach was developed by combining metal-ligand cooperation and Lewis acid activation. The [(SCS)Pd]
2 complex featuring a non-innocent indenediide-based ligand was found to be a very efficient and versatile catalyst for the Conia-ene reaction, when associated with Mg(OTf)2 . The reaction operates at low catalytic loadings under mild conditions with HFIP as a co-solvent. It works with a variety of substrates, including those bearing internal alkynes. It displays complete 5- exo vs. 6- endo regio-selectivity. In addition, except for the highly congestedt Bu-substituent, the reaction occurs with high Z vs. E stereo-selectivity, making it synthetically useful and complementary to known catalysts., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)- Published
- 2020
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79. Prevalence and prognostic value of Delirium as the initial presentation of COVID-19 in the elderly with dementia: An Italian retrospective study.
- Author
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Poloni TE, Carlos AF, Cairati M, Cutaia C, Medici V, Marelli E, Ferrari D, Galli A, Bognetti P, Davin A, Cirrincione A, Ceretti A, Cereda C, Ceroni M, Tronconi L, Vitali S, and Guaita A
- Abstract
Background: Delirium may be one of the presenting symptoms of COVID-19, complicating diagnosis and care of elderly patients with dementia. We aim to identify the prevalence and prognostic significance of delirium as the sole onset manifestation of COVID-19., Methods: This is a retrospective single-centre study based on review of medical charts, conducted during the outbreak peak (March 27-April 18, 2020) in a Lombard dementia facility, including 59 elderly subjects with dementia and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19., Findings: Of the 59 residents, 57 (96⋅6%) tested positive (mean age: 82⋅8; women: 66⋅7%). Comorbidities were present in all participants, with 18/57 (31⋅6%) having three or more concomitant diseases. Delirium -Onset COVID-19 (DOC) was observed in 21/57 (36⋅8%) subjects who were chiefly older (mean age: 85⋅4 y/o) and with multiple comorbidities. Eleven/21 DOC patients (52⋅4%) had hypoactive delirium , while hyperactive delirium occurred in ten/21 (47⋅6%). Lymphopenia was present in almost all subjects (median: 1⋅3 × 10
9 /L). Overall mortality rate was 24⋅6% (14/57) and dementia severity per se had no impact on short-term mortality due to COVID-19. DOC was strongly associated with higher mortality ( p <0⋅001). Also, DOC and male gender were independently associated with increased risk of mortality (OR: 17⋅0, 95% CI: 2⋅8-102⋅7, p = 0⋅002 and 13⋅6, 95% CI: 2⋅3-79⋅2, p = 0⋅001 respectively)., Interpretation: Delirium occurrence in the elderly with dementia may represent a prodromal phase of COVID-19, and thus deserves special attention, especially in the presence of lymphopenia. Hypoxia and a severe inflammatory state may develop subsequently. DOC cases have higher short-term mortality rate., Funding: None., Competing Interests: None, (© 2020 The Author(s).)- Published
- 2020
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80. Buchwald Hartwig diversification of unprotected halotryptophans, halotryptophan containing tripeptides and the natural product barettin in aqueous conditions.
- Author
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Renault YJG, Lynch R, Marelli E, Sharma SV, Pubill-Ulldemolins C, Sharp JA, Cartmell C, Cárdenas P, and Goss RJM
- Subjects
- Amination, Aniline Compounds chemistry, Catalysis, Halogens chemistry, Oligopeptides chemical synthesis, Palladium chemistry, Tryptophan chemical synthesis, Oligopeptides chemistry, Peptides, Cyclic chemistry, Tryptophan analogs & derivatives, Water chemistry
- Abstract
Blending synthetic biology and synthetic chemistry represents a powerful approach to diversity complex molecules. To further enable this, compatible synthetic tools are needed. We report the first Buchwald Hartwig amination reactions with unprotected halotryptophans under aqueous conditions and demonstrate this methodology is applicable also to the modification of unprotected tripeptides and the natural product barettin.
- Published
- 2019
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81. Design and Synthesis of Ir/Ru Pyrochlore Catalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Based on Their Bulk Thermodynamic Properties.
- Author
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Abbott DF, Pittkowski RK, Macounová K, Nebel R, Marelli E, Fabbri E, Castelli IE, Krtil P, and Schmidt TJ
- Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) has proven to be an invaluable and effective tool for identifying highly active electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we take a computational approach to first identify a series of rare-earth pyrochlore oxides based on Ir and Ru as potential OER catalysts. The DFT-based phase diagrams, Pourbaix diagrams (E vs pH), projected density of states, and band energy diagrams were used to identify prospective OER catalysts based on rare-earth Ir and Ru pyrochlores. The predicted materials were synthesized using the spray-freeze freeze-drying approach to afford nanoparticulate oxides conforming to the pyrochlore structural type A
2 B2 O7 where A = Nd, Gd, or Yb and B = Ir or Ru. In agreement with the computed Pourbaix diagrams, the materials were found to be moderately stable under OER conditions. All prepared materials show higher stability as compared to the benchmark IrO2 catalyst, and the OER mass activity of Yb2 Ir2 O7 and the ruthenate pyrochlores (Nd2 Ru2 O7 , Gd2 Ru2 O7 , and Yb2 Ru2 O7 ) were also found to exceed those of the benchmark IrO2 catalyst. We find that the OER activity of each pyrochlore series (i.e., iridate or ruthenate) generally improves as the size of the A-site cation decreases, indicating that maintaining control over the structure can be used to influence the electrocatalytic properties.- Published
- 2019
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82. Mechanism of the Catalytic Carboxylation of Alkylboronates with CO 2 Using Ni-NHC Complexes: A DFT Study.
- Author
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Delarmelina M, Marelli E, de M Carneiro JW, Nolan SP, and Bühl M
- Abstract
A new mechanism is proposed for the Ni-catalyzed carboxylation of organoboronates with CO
2 . DFT investigations at the PBE0-D3 level have shown that direct CO2 addition to the catalysts [Ni(NHC)(Allyl)Cl] (1NHC , NHC=IMe, IPr, SIPr and IPr*) is kinetically disfavored and formation of the Aresta-type intermediate is unlikely to occur. According to the mechanism proposed here, the carboxylation process starts with addition of the borate species to 1NHC , followed by transmetalation, CO2 cycloaddition and carboxylation. The rate-determining step was identified as being the transmetalation process, with computed relative free energy barriers of 34.8, 36.8, and 33.5 kcal mol-1 for 1IPr , 1SIPr and 1IPr* , respectively., (© 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)- Published
- 2017
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83. Living GenoChemetics by hyphenating synthetic biology and synthetic chemistry in vivo.
- Author
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Sharma SV, Tong X, Pubill-Ulldemolins C, Cartmell C, Bogosyan EJA, Rackham EJ, Marelli E, Hamed RB, and Goss RJM
- Subjects
- Bacteria chemistry, Bacteria genetics, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Bacterial Proteins metabolism, Biological Products chemistry, Biological Products metabolism, Biosynthetic Pathways, Synthetic Biology, Bacteria metabolism
- Abstract
Marrying synthetic biology with synthetic chemistry provides a powerful approach toward natural product diversification, combining the best of both worlds: expediency and synthetic capability of biogenic pathways and chemical diversity enabled by organic synthesis. Biosynthetic pathway engineering can be employed to insert a chemically orthogonal tag into a complex natural scaffold affording the possibility of site-selective modification without employing protecting group strategies. Here we show that, by installing a sufficiently reactive handle (e.g., a C-Br bond) and developing compatible mild aqueous chemistries, synchronous biosynthesis of the tagged metabolite and its subsequent chemical modification in living culture can be achieved. This approach can potentially enable many new applications: for example, assay of directed evolution of enzymes catalyzing halo-metabolite biosynthesis in living cells or generating and following the fate of tagged metabolites and biomolecules in living systems. We report synthetic biological access to new-to-nature bromo-metabolites and the concomitant biorthogonal cross-coupling of halo-metabolites in living cultures.Coupling synthetic biology and chemical reactions in cells is a challenging task. The authors engineer bacteria capable of generating bromo-metabolites, develop a mild Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction compatible with cell growth and carry out the cross-coupling chemistry in live cell cultures.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
84. Mild, Aqueous α-Arylation of Ketones: Towards New Diversification Tools for Halogenated Metabolites and Drug Molecules.
- Author
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Marelli E, Renault Y, Sharma SV, Nolan SP, and Goss RJ
- Subjects
- Antipsychotic Agents chemical synthesis, Antipsychotic Agents chemistry, Catalysis, Halogenation, Hydrocarbons, Aromatic chemistry, Ketones chemistry, Pharmaceutical Preparations chemical synthesis, Pharmaceutical Preparations chemistry, Prochlorperazine chemical synthesis, Prochlorperazine chemistry, Tryptophan analogs & derivatives, Tryptophan chemical synthesis, Hydrocarbons, Aromatic chemical synthesis, Ketones chemical synthesis, Palladium chemistry
- Abstract
The palladium-catalysed aqueous α-arylation of ketones was developed and tested for a large variety of reaction partners. These mild conditions enabled the coupling of aryl/alkyl-ketones with N-protected halotryptophans, heterocyclic haloarenes, and challenging base-sensitive compounds. The synthetic potential of this new methodology for the diversification of complex bioactive molecules was exemplified by derivatising prochlorperazine. The methodology is mild, aqueous and flexible, representing a means of functionalizing a wide range of halo-aromatics and therefore has the potential to be extended to complex molecule diversification., (© 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
85. Catalytic α-Arylation of Imines Leading to N-Unprotected Indoles and Azaindoles.
- Author
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Marelli E, Corpet M, Minenkov Y, Neyyappadath RM, Bismuto A, Buccolini G, Curcio M, Cavallo L, and Nolan SP
- Abstract
A palladium N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed methodology for the synthesis of substituted, N-unprotected indoles and azaindoles is reported. The protocol permits access to various, highly substituted members of these classes of compounds. Although two possible reaction pathways (deprotonative and Heck-like) can be proposed, control experiments, supported by computational studies, point toward a deprotonative mechanism being operative., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest.
- Published
- 2016
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- View/download PDF
86. Synthesis of (diarylmethyl)amines using Ni-catalyzed arylation of C(sp 3 )-H bonds.
- Author
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Fernández-Salas JA, Marelli E, and Nolan SP
- Abstract
The first nickel catalyzed deprotonative cross coupling between C(sp
3 )-H bonds and aryl chlorides is reported, allowing the challenging arylation of benzylimines in the absence of directing group or stoichiometric metal activation. This methodology represents a convenient access to the (diarylmethyl)amine moiety, which is widespread in pharmaceutically relevant compounds.- Published
- 2015
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87. General and mild Ni(0)-catalyzed α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides.
- Author
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Fernández-Salas JA, Marelli E, Cordes DB, Slawin AM, and Nolan SP
- Subjects
- Catalysis, Chlorides, Methane chemistry, Molecular Structure, Coordination Complexes chemistry, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated chemistry, Ketones chemistry, Methane analogs & derivatives, Nickel chemistry
- Abstract
A general methodology for the α-arylation of ketones using a nickel catalyst has been developed. The new well-defined [Ni(IPr*)(cin)Cl] (1 c) pre-catalyst showed great efficiency for this transformation, allowing the coupling of a wide range of ketones, including acetophenone derivatives, with various functionalised aryl chlorides. This cinnamyl-based Ni-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex has demonstrated a different behaviour to previously reported NHC-Ni catalysts. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest a Ni(0)/Ni(II) catalytic cycle to be at play., (© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
88. Palladium-catalyzed α-arylation of arylketones at low catalyst loadings.
- Author
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Marelli E, Corpet M, Davies SR, and Nolan SP
- Abstract
A general catalytic protocol for the α-arylation of aryl ketones has been developed. It involves the use of a preformed, bench-stable Pd-N-heterocyclic carbene pre-catalyst bearing IHept as an ancillary ligand, and allows the coupling of various functionalized coupling partners at very low catalyst loading. Careful choice of the solvent/base system was crucial to obtain optimum catalyst performance. The pre-catalyst was also successfully tested in the synthesis of an industrially relevant compound., (© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2014
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89. Nickel-catalysed carboxylation of organoboronates.
- Author
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Makida Y, Marelli E, Slawin AM, and Nolan SP
- Abstract
A nickel/N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysed carboxylation of aryl-, heteroaryl- and alkenylboronates, affording the corresponding carboxylic acids, has been developed. This transformation proceeds under one atmosphere of CO2 with a broad range of substrates and exhibits good functional group compatibility.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
90. Local and average structure in zinc cyanide: toward an understanding of the atomistic origin of negative thermal expansion.
- Author
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Hibble SJ, Chippindale AM, Marelli E, Kroeker S, Michaelis VK, Greer BJ, Aguiar PM, Bilbé EJ, Barney ER, and Hannon AC
- Abstract
Neutron diffraction at 11.4 and 295 K and solid-state (67)Zn NMR are used to determine both the local and the average structures in the disordered, negative thermal expansion (NTE) material, Zn(CN)2. Solid-state NMR not only confirms that there is head-to-tail disorder of the C≡N groups present in the solid, but yields information about the relative abundances of the different Zn(CN)4–n(NC)n tetrahedral species, which do not follow a simple binomial distribution. The Zn(CN)4 and Zn(NC)4 species occur with much lower probabilities than are predicted by binomial theory, supporting the conclusion that they are of higher energy than the other local arrangements. The lowest energy arrangement is Zn(CN)2(NC)2. The use of total neutron diffraction at 11.4 K, with analysis of both the Bragg diffraction and the derived total correlation function, yields the first experimental determination of the individual Zn–N and Zn–C bond lengths as 1.969(2) and 2.030(2) Å, respectively. The very small difference in bond lengths, of ~0.06 Å, means that it is impossible to obtain these bond lengths using Bragg diffraction in isolation. Total neutron diffraction also provides information on both the average and the local atomic displacements responsible for NTE in Zn(CN)2. The principal motions giving rise to NTE are shown to be those in which the carbon and nitrogen atoms within individual Zn–C≡N–Zn linkages are displaced to the same side of the Zn···Zn axis. Displacements of the carbon and nitrogen atoms to opposite sides of the Zn···Zn axis, suggested previously in X-ray studies as being responsible for NTE behavior, in fact make negligible contributions at temperatures up to 295 K.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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91. Mixed copper, silver, and gold cyanides, (M(x)M'(1-x))CN: tailoring chain structures to influence physical properties.
- Author
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Chippindale AM, Hibble SJ, Bilbé EJ, Marelli E, Hannon AC, Allain C, Pansu R, and Hartl F
- Abstract
Binary mixed-metal variants of the one-dimensional MCN compounds (M = Cu, Ag, and Au) have been prepared and characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, vibrational spectroscopy, and total neutron diffraction. A solid solution with the AgCN structure exists in the (Cu(x)Ag(1-x))CN system over the range (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). Line phases with compositions (Cu(1/2)Au(1/2))CN, (Cu(7/12)Au(5/12))CN, (Cu(2/3)Au(1/3))CN, and (Ag(1/2)Au(1/2))CN, all of which have the AuCN structure, are found in the gold-containing systems. Infrared and Raman spectroscopies show that complete ordering of the type [M-C≡N-M'-N≡C-](n) occurs only in (Cu(1/2)Au(1/2))CN and (Ag(1/2)Au(1/2))CN. The sense of the cyanide bonding was determined by total neutron diffraction to be [Ag-NC-Au-CN-](n) in (Ag(1/2)Au(1/2))CN and [Cu-NC-Au-CN-](n) in (Cu(1/2)Au(1/2))CN. In contrast, in (Cu(0.50)Ag(0.50))CN, metal ordering is incomplete, and strict alternation of metals does not occur. However, there is a distinct preference (85%) for the N end of the cyanide ligand to be bonded to copper and for Ag-CN-Cu links to predominate. Contrary to expectation, aurophilic bonding does not appear to be the controlling factor which leads to (Cu(1/2)Au(1/2))CN and (Ag(1/2)Au(1/2))CN adopting the AuCN structure. The diffuse reflectance, photoluminescence, and 1-D negative thermal expansion (NTE) behaviors of all three systems are reported and compared with those of the parent cyanide compounds. The photophysical properties are strongly influenced both by the composition of the individual chains and by how such chains pack together. The NTE behavior is also controlled by structure type: the gold-containing mixed-metal cyanides with the AuCN structure show the smallest contraction along the chain length on heating.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
92. Structures of Pd(CN)2 and Pt(CN)2: intrinsically nanocrystalline materials?
- Author
-
Hibble SJ, Chippindale AM, Bilbé EJ, Marelli E, Harris PJ, and Hannon AC
- Abstract
Analysis and modeling of X-ray and neutron Bragg and total diffraction data show that the compounds referred to in the literature as "Pd(CN)(2)" and "Pt(CN)(2)" are nanocrystalline materials containing small sheets of vertex-sharing square-planar M(CN)(4) units, layered in a disordered manner with an intersheet separation of ~3.44 Å at 300 K. The small size of the crystallites means that the sheets' edges form a significant fraction of each material. The Pd(CN)(2) nanocrystallites studied using total neutron diffraction are terminated by water and the Pt(CN)(2) nanocrystallites by ammonia, in place of half of the terminal cyanide groups, thus maintaining charge neutrality. The neutron samples contain sheets of approximate dimensions 30 Å × 30 Å. For sheets of the size we describe, our structural models predict compositions of Pd(CN)(2)·xH(2)O and Pt(CN)(2)·yNH(3) (x ≈ y ≈ 0.29). These values are in good agreement with those obtained from total neutron diffraction and thermal analysis, and are also supported by infrared and Raman spectroscopy measurements. It is also possible to prepare related compounds Pd(CN)(2)·pNH(3) and Pt(CN)(2)·qH(2)O, in which the terminating groups are exchanged. Additional samples showing sheet sizes in the range ~10 Å × 10 Å (y ~ 0.67) to ~80 Å × 80 Å (p = q ~ 0.12), as determined by X-ray diffraction, have been prepared. The related mixed-metal phase, Pd(1/2)Pt(1/2)(CN)(2)·qH(2)O (q ~ 0.50), is also nanocrystalline (sheet size ~15 Å × 15 Å). In all cases, the interiors of the sheets are isostructural with those found in Ni(CN)(2). Removal of the final traces of water or ammonia by heating results in decomposition of the compounds to Pd and Pt metal, or in the case of the mixed-metal cyanide, the alloy, Pd(1/2)Pt(1/2), making it impossible to prepare the simple cyanides, Pd(CN)(2), Pt(CN)(2), or Pd(1/2)Pt(1/2)(CN)(2), by this method.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
93. Excellent response to apomorphine in Parkinsonism with optic atrophy unresponsive to oral antiparkinsonian medication.
- Author
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Deutschländer A, Asmus F, Marelli E, Klopstock T, Gasser T, and Bötzel K
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Combined Modality Therapy, Deep Brain Stimulation, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Resistance, Drug Therapy, Combination, Humans, Hypokinesia diagnosis, Hypokinesia drug therapy, Infusions, Intravenous, Injections, Subcutaneous, Middle Aged, Neurologic Examination drug effects, Optic Atrophy diagnosis, Parkinson Disease diagnosis, Amantadine administration & dosage, Antiparkinson Agents administration & dosage, Apomorphine administration & dosage, Levodopa administration & dosage, Optic Atrophy drug therapy, Parkinson Disease drug therapy
- Abstract
Two patients presented with the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), which had developed slowly and progressively. One patient underwent brain imaging of the dopaminergic system, the results of which were compatible with PD. However, both patients showed no response to L-dopa or oral dopaminergic medication. They also had optic nerve atrophy of unknown etiology. The severe motor symptoms of both patients were conspicuously alleviated by apomorphine delivered subcutaneously. One patient underwent bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation, which also proved effective., ((c) 2006 Movement Disorder Society.)
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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