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A análise do desempenho esportivo deve ser feita através de uma perspectiva que contemple a influência de diversos fatores. Neste contexto, fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos do estado apresentam-se, também, como preditores no desempenho esportivo, sobretudo em esportes que aparentemente são considerados “baratos e de fácil acesso” como é o caso da corrida de rua. Sendo assim, o propósito do trabalho é apresentar uma descrição da distribuição dos melhores corredores de rua a nível nacional, e verificar a relação entre a representatividade no ranking e variáveis relacionadas ao estado, sendo elas: índice de desenvolvimento humano, tamanho da população, rendimento mensal e produto interno bruto. Para verificação da distribuição dos corredores no país, foi verificada a frequência de atletas no ranking, conforme estado. A correlação de Pearson (r) foi utilizada para verificar a relação existente entre as variáveis relacionadas ao estado e a presença dos corredores no ranking, sendo considerado p

Susac syndrome (SS) is a rare endotheliopathy with an estimated prevalence of 0.14-0.024 per 100,000. It is an important differential diagnosis in demyelinating disorders. There are few case series and no large randomized controlled trials, and most reports come from developed countries. We report six cases of SS in three centers in Brazil and discuss management challenges in emergent countries.This is a retrospective case series of patients diagnosed with SS in three medical centers in Brazil between April 2018 and July 2021. The European Susac consortium (EuSaC) criteria were used for diagnosis of SS. Demographic data and clinical interventions were described and outcomes were assessed subjectively and by applying the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) on last follow-up.Six patients were diagnosed with SS (3 males, 3 females). Mean age at presentation was 36 years (range 17 to 54). The most common initial symptom was confusion, followed by visual impairment and hearing loss. Characteristic snowball lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were present in four patients (66%). Retinal artery abnormalities were present in half (3/6) of patients, and sensorineural hearing loss was present in four patients (66%). Outcome was favorable (mRS ≤ 2) in five patients (86%). Patients treated early had a more favorable outcome.Emergent countries face challenges in the diagnosis and management of patients with SS, such as access to advanced tests (fluorescein angiography, serial MRI) and treatment drugs (rituximab, mycophenolate). Further research should consider particularities of patients with SS in emergent countries.

Aim: This study verified how much performance damage can high-intensity efforts cause to FT shooting efficiency. Methods: A sample of 13 male amateur basketball players (19.9 ± 3.2 years; 76.7 ± 8.7 kg; 182 ± 10 cm) participated in the study on three non-consecutive days. A maximum progressive exercise test determined maximum heart rate (HRMax) during the first session. On the other two days (randomly assigned), athletes performed five bouts of basketball-related exercises, intense enough to raise HR to either 65% (S65) or 90% (S90) of HRMax, followed by two FT shots (totaling 10 FT). Results: FT performance was lower in S90 than in S65 (56.9% ± 18.9% vs 73.1% ± 12.5%, respectively; p = 0.026; ES = 1.01 - “large effect size”). Magnitude-based inference analysis considered shooting at S90 moderately disadvantageous and odds ratio analysis suggest that shooting FT at higher HR values represents an 11-fold chance to worsen performance (OR = 11.1; 95% CI = 1.79 to 68.9; p = 0.01). Conclusion: Basketball FT shooting efficiency is impaired after a bout of game-related high-intensity activity.

BACKGROUND: Asthma is a common respiratory disorder with a highly heterogeneous nature that remains poorly understood. The objective was to use whole genome sequencing (WGS) data to identify regions of common genetic variation contributing to lung function in individuals with a diagnosis of asthma. METHODS: WGS data were generated for 1,053 individuals from trios and extended pedigrees participating in the family-based Genetic Epidemiology of Asthma in Costa Rica study. Asthma affection status was defined through a physician’s diagnosis of asthma, and most participants with asthma also had airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine. Family-based association tests for single variants were performed to assess the associations with lung function phenotypes. RESULTS: A genome-wide significant association was identified between baseline FEV(1)/FVC ratio and a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the top hit cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain-containing 2 (CRISPLD2) (rs12051168; P = 3.6 × 10(−8) in the unadjusted model) that retained suggestive significance in the covariate-adjusted model (P = 5.6 × 10(−6)). Rs12051168 was also nominally associated with other related phenotypes: baseline FEV(1) (P = 3.3 × 10(−3)), postbronchodilator (PB) FEV(1) (7.3 × 10(−3)), and PB FEV(1)/FVC ratio (P = 2.7 × 10(−3)). The identified baseline FEV(1)/FVC ratio and rs12051168 association was meta-analyzed and replicated in three independent cohorts in which most participants with asthma also had confirmed AHR (combined weighted z-score P = .015) but not in cohorts without information about AHR. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that using specific asthma characteristics, such as AHR, can help identify more genetically homogeneous asthma subgroups with genotype-phenotype associations that may not be observed in all children with asthma. CRISPLD2 also may be important for baseline lung function in individuals with asthma who also may have AHR.

Sports performance is a multifactorial trait that can be associated with individual and environmental characteristics. In this study, the sample comprised 35 male runners, enrolled in the “InTrack” project. Information regarding variables related to runners’ training was obtained via an online questionnaire, while anthropometric and body composition variables, as well as physical fitness components (muscular power, isometric strength, local muscular endurance, agility, and aerobic capacity) were measured, and a global physical fitness score (based on physical fitness components measured) was computed. The Weltman test (3200 m) was used to estimate runners’ pace and their stride frequency. Linear regression was used, taking the running pace as dependent variable. The final model, comprising biological, physical fitness, spatiotemporal, and training variables, explained 86% of the running performance variance. Muscular power (β = −1.02, 95% CI = (−1.69)–(−0.35)), abdominal muscle endurance (β = −4.81, 95% CI = (−7.52)–(−2.10)), isometric strength (β = −422.95, 95% CI = (−689.65)–(−156.25)), global physical fitness (β = 27.14, 95% CI = 9.52–45.03), and stride frequency (β = −2.99, 95% CI = (−4.29)–(−1.69)) were significantly associated with performance, meaning that better results in tests and increasing the stride frequency leads to better performance. Individual characteristics and physical fitness components were demonstrated to be significant predictors for running performance.

Introduction: Among the main challenges faced by coaches of team sports are to create an environment and conditions that will enable players to reach their optimal level of physical performance at the start of the competitive season, and to maintain this level throughout the season. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of six weeks of additional training with 3-against-3 (3v3) small-sided games (SSG) on the physical performance of elite nonstarter basketball players. Methods: Eleven professional basketball players (five starters and six nonstarters) performed the same training program throughout the regular season, with the only difference that after each game, the starters (S) performed low intensity shooting drills while the nonstarters (NS) performed half-court 3v3 SSG. At the start and end of the six-week period, the athletes were assessed for muscle power, speed, agility and aerobic power. Two-way analysis of variance and effect sizes were used. Magnitude-based inferential analyses were used to complement the parametric tests. Results: After the six weeks, the S and NS showed improvement (p

Differences in economic and social aspects between Brazilian states/regions can determine participation in running. The purpose of this study was to identify the occurrence of the OUTrun (i.e., Out Running), mapping the main routes carried out by runners, as well as the factors associated with this behavior between different Brazilian regions. The sample comprised 1053 runners of both sexes (women: 426, men: 627) who answered an online questionnaire, providing information related to individual, socioeconomic (SES), and training characteristics. A logistic regression analysis was computed, considering the regions. South and Southeast regions received the largest number of runners, runners from the North and Northeast regions were those who left their states the most to compete. Factors related to the OUTrun were the preferred distance, SES, and age. The results provide information to facilitate access to running events and can provide benefits related to making the practice accessible to a larger number of people.

Tem-se observado, nos últimos anos, um aumento substancial no número de praticantes de corrida de rua no Brasil, os quais apresentam perfis e propósitos variados – alguns na busca pela competição/rendimento, outros com propósito de melhora de aspectos relacionados à saúde e qualidade de vida. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho visa validar um instrumento que permita a caracterização deste público e a verificação do papel desempenhado por fatores de diferentes níveis no desempenho da corrida de rua. A amostra foi composta por 241 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com média de idade de 36,1 ± 10,3 anos, praticantes de corrida de rua no Brasil, dos quais 10%, aleatoriamente selecionados, responderam o instrumento duas vezes, respeitando-se o intervalo de um mês entre os dois momentos de resposta. O instrumento passou por dois processos de análise de conteúdo, realizada por avaliadores, seguida pela análise de reprodutibilidade, realizada pelo Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (ICC) e o Coeficiente Kappa, o que indicou alta reprodutibilidade nas respostas, exceto para a variável “bairro de residência”. Assim, verifica-se que o presente instrumento pode ser utilizado na condução de pesquisas futuras, acrescendo os benefícios de sua aplicação no formato eletrônico, permitindo a aplicação em diferentes amostras, bem como a comparação de resultados entre sujeitos de diferentes locais, para além do fornecimento de informações que permitam a ampliação e compreensão acerca dos fatores associados ao desempenho na corrida de rua.

Lipoma de corpo caloso é uma condição clínica rara. A epilepsia é a manifestação mais comum, mas também há casos assintomáticos, sendo um achado ocasional em exames de imagem ou autopsia. O caso relata uma situação clínica infrequente, cujo diagnóstico foi definido após realização de exames de neuroimagem. Paciente de 39 anos, que aos 10 anos de idade apresentou crise convulsiva, sendo iniciado tratamento com fenobarbital, ficou em uso deste por 4 anos com bom controle do quadro, sendo suspenso após esse período, e permanecendo assintomática. No entanto, durante a gravidez, houve recidiva das crises, com retomada do uso das medicações, mesmo assim esta persistiu com dois episódios convulsivos ao mês. A paciente foi submetida a exames de neuroimagem que evidenciaram o lipoma de corpo caloso, sendo optado pelo tratamento clínico. Diante dos avanços nos métodos de neuroimagem para diagnóstico, a probabilidade de essa má-formação ser diagnosticada, mesmo quando assintomática, tem aumentado. A ressecção do lipoma de corpo caloso, como descritos na literatura, tem mostrado resultados catastróficos, sendo assim, em casos assintomáticos ou achado incidental o tratamento deve ser conservador, como no caso da paciente em estudo.

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar e comparar as características técnicas e temporais das partidas de Para-Badminton (PBd) para usuários de cadeiras de rodas (WH - Wheelchair) através do scout. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo com análise inferencial para comparação entre grupos. Durante um Campeonato Mundial da modalidade foram filmados e analisados seis jogos de PBd das classes WH1 e WH2, da categoria simples masculina. Analisaram-se as variáveis técnicas e temporais e os resultados apontaram que o tempo total (TT) de jogo das categorias WH1 e WH2 não apresentou diferenças estatísticas significativas, além disso, o tempo de rali (TR) da classe WH2 apresentou-se maior que o tempo de pausa (TP), caracterizando mais intensidade de jogo. Os itens que apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas entre as categorias foram: tempo de descanso (TD), frequência de golpes (FG), densidade de jogo (DJ) e golpes por rali (GR). Quanto aos fundamentos executados, o único que apresentou diferença expressiva foi o drive, golpe menos utilizado nas partidas. Os fundamentos mais utilizados foram o clear, o lob, o drop e o net-shot; e o número de erros não forçados (ENF) foi maior que os pontos vencedores (PV). Conclui-se assim, que é possível caracterizar e comparar as características técnicas e temporais das partidas de PBd utilizando o scout como ferramenta de análise de jogo. ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare technical and temporal characteristics of PBd matches in WH1 and WH2 classes (WH - wheelchair) through the scout. A descriptive study was carried out with inferential analysis for comparison between groups. Six PBd matches (WH1/WH2 classes, men single) were filmed and analyzed during a World Championship. The temporal and technical variables were analyzed. The results show that: total time of WH1 and WH2 categories did not present significant statistical differences and WH2 class rally time is higher than the pause time, characterizing greater intensity of the game. The items that presented significant statistical differences among the categories were: rest time, strokes frequency, game density, rally strokes. As for the strokes executed, the only one that presented significant difference was drive, the least used stroke in the games. The most used strokes were clear, lob, drop and net-shot; and the number of non-forced errors were greater than winning points. The conclusion is that is possible to characterize and compare technical and temporal characteristics of PBd games using scout as a game analysis tool.

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar e comparar as características técnicas e temporais das partidas de Para-Badminton (PBd) para usuários de cadeiras de rodas (WH - Wheelchair) através do scout. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo com análise inferencial para comparação entre grupos. Durante um Campeonato Mundial da modalidade foram filmados e analisados seis jogos de PBd das classes WH1 e WH2, da categoria simples masculina. Analisaram-se as variáveis técnicas e temporais e os resultados apontaram que o tempo total (TT) de jogo das categorias WH1 e WH2 não apresentou diferenças estatísticas significativas, além disso, o tempo de rali (TR) da classe WH2 apresentou-se maior que o tempo de pausa (TP), caracterizando mais intensidade de jogo. Os itens que apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas entre as categorias foram: tempo de descanso (TD), frequência de golpes (FG), densidade de jogo (DJ) e golpes por rali (GR). Quanto aos fundamentos executados, o único que apresentou diferença expressiva foi o drive, golpe menos utilizado nas partidas. Os fundamentos mais utilizados foram o clear, o lob, o drop e o net-shot; e o número de erros não forçados (ENF) foi maior que os pontos vencedores (PV). Conclui-se assim, que é possível caracterizar e comparar as características técnicas e temporais das partidas de PBd utilizando o scout como ferramenta de análise de jogo.ABSTRACT. Para-badminton: technical and temporal characteristics. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare technical and temporal characteristics of PBd matches in WH1 and WH2 classes (WH - wheelchair) through the scout. A descriptive study was carried out with inferential analysis for comparison between groups. Six PBd matches (WH1/WH2 classes, men single) were filmed and analyzed during a World Championship. The temporal and technical variables were analyzed. The results show that: total time of WH1 and WH2 categories did not present significant statistical differences and WH2 class rally time is higher than the pause time, characterizing greater intensity of the game. The items that presented significant statistical differences among the categories were: rest time, strokes frequency, game density, rally strokes. As for the strokes executed, the only one that presented significant difference was drive, the least used stroke in the games. The most used strokes were clear, lob, drop and net-shot; and the number of non-forced errors were greater than winning points. The conclusion is that is possible to characterize and compare technical and temporal characteristics of PBd games using scout as a game analysis tool.

Lipoprotein(a), Lp(a), is a modified low-density lipoprotein particle that contains apolipoprotein(a), encoded by LPA, and is a highly heritable, causal risk factor for cardiovascular diseases that varies in concentrations across ancestries. Here, we use deep-coverage whole genome sequencing in 8392 individuals of European and African ancestry to discover and interpret both single-nucleotide variants and copy number (CN) variation associated with Lp(a). We observe that genetic determinants between Europeans and Africans have several unique determinants. The common variant rs12740374 associated with Lp(a) cholesterol is an eQTL for SORT1 and independent of LDL cholesterol. Observed associations of aggregates of rare non-coding variants are largely explained by LPA structural variation, namely the LPA kringle IV 2 (KIV2)-CN. Finally, we find that LPA risk genotypes confer greater relative risk for incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases compared to directly measured Lp(a), and are significantly associated with measures of subclinical atherosclerosis in African Americans., Circulating lipoprotein(a) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and shows variability between different ethnic groups. Here, Zekavat et al. perform whole-genome sequencing in individuals of European and African ancestries and find ancestry-specific genetic determinants for lipoprotein(a) levels.

The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of long distance passes performed during the 2014 Brazil FIFA World Cup. All 64 matches were analyzed, however, actions performed during overtime were not included in the sample. The study defined long pass as an action made by a player from the defensive midfield aiming at passing the ball to another teammate located on the offensive field. The action result assessment followed these criteria: shots on goal, ball possession maintenance, loss of ball possession and ball possession recovery. Total long distance passes were also considered in the analysis. Throughout the tournament, 4,512 long distance passes were attempted. The main findings were that 59% resulted on loss, 28% on maintenance and 12% on recovery of the ball possession, but only less than 1% resulted in shots on goal (F = 505.5; p

No basquetebol, atletas substitutos que entrem na partida apenas no segundo quarto de jogo (Q2) permanecem inativos por um longo, porém não objetivamente conhecido período de tempo. Objetivo: determinar a duração média do primeiro período (Q1) do basquetebol profissional, a duração média entre o término do aquecimento e início da partida (AQ-IP) e do segundo quarto (AQ-Q1), considerando diferentes competições e fases. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 126 jogos de quatro competições Novo Basquete Brasil (NBB 2011/2012), American Cup2017, Eurobasket 2017 e Aobasket 2017. Foram calculados os percentis de cada variável, além da comparação entre competições e entre fases da competição (fase classificatória e playoffs). Resultados: A média±desvio-padrão (mediana) da duração de Q1, AQ-IP e AQ-Q1 (min:s) foi de 17:47±02:08 (14:44), 02:05±00:36 (02:08) e 20:16±02:08 (20:23), respectivamente. O Q1 dos jogos da Afrobasket foi mais longo que os do NBB (., In basketball, substitute athletes who enter the match only in the second quarter of the game (Q2) remain inactive for a long, but not objectively known period of time. The objective of this paper is to determine a professional basketball first quarter (Q1) elapsed time, the time-interval from the end of warming-up period to the start of the game (AQ-IP), and to the start of the second quarter (AQ-Q1), considering different tournament and competition phases. The sample was composed by 126 matches of four tournaments: Novo BasqueteBrasil (NBB 2011/2012), American Cup 2017, Eurobasket 2017 e Afrobasket 2017. Statistical analysis determined percentiles for each variable, comparing among tournaments and between competition phases (regular season vs. playoff). The results shows that Mean±standard-deviation(median) of Q1, AQ-IP and AQ-Q1 (min:s) were 17:47±02:08 (14:44), 02:05±00:36 (02:08) e 20:16±02:08 (20:23), respectively. Afrobasket games’ Q1 were longer than NBB’s (p, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

The use of technology has increased tremendously, by means of more reliable, smaller, more accessible and specially more user-friendly devices, which provide a wider range of features, and promote significant benefits for the population and health professionals. It is in this context that monitors and apps for heart rate (HR) measurement have emerged. HR is a clinical vital sign of diagnostic and prognostic importance. In response to body movement, HR tends to increase, in a direct relationship with the intensity of exercise. HR was primarily measured by the count of arterial pulse, and recently, HR can be precisely measured by monitors, bracelets and smartphone apps capable to perform real-time measurements and storage of data. This paper aimed to make a brief and updated review on the theme, providing a broader view of advantages and limitations of these resources for HR measurement in exercise. HR monitors and apps use basically two types of technology, optical sensor (photoplethysmography) and electrical signal from the heart. In general, these devices have shown good accuracy in measuring HR and HR variability at rest, but there are differences between brands and models considering the type, mode and intensity of exercise. HR measurements by monitors and smartphone apps are simple, accessible and may help cardiologists in the monitoring of the intensity of aerobic exercise, focusing on health promotion and on primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

espanolObjetivo: Comparar los cambios en los transientes rapidos inicial y final de la frecuencia cardiaca con el ejercicio de fuerza realizado de manera uni y bilateral. Metodo: Un grupo de 15 mujeres jovenes, asintomaticas y fisicamente activas llevaron a cabo en orden aleatorio, el ejercicio de extension de rodilla uni y bilateralmente, con una carga de diez Repeticiones Maximas y cadencia controlada por un metronomo. La frecuencia cardiaca se registro continuamente por un monitor de ritmo cardiaco, analizada en intervalos de cinco segundos y calculado los promedios para cada medida. Por lo tanto, se analizaron los datos en una serie de 12 mediciones repetidas en dos situaciones diferentes, caracterizado por la ejecucion del modo de ejercicio (unilateral o bilateral). Resultados: No hubo ningun efecto de la masa muscular movilizada en estas respuestas, dado que la comparacion entre el modo de ejecucion y el momento de medicion, no mostro diferencias significativas (p = 1.000; potencia de 0.082). Conclusiones: La cantidad de masa muscular involucrada no fue diferente entre los transientes rapidos inicial y final de la frecuencia cardiaca, durante el ejercicio de fuerza. EnglishObjective: To compare heart rate responses in the initial and final fast transients in uni and bilateral resistance exercise. Methods: A group of 15 young women, asymptomatic and physically active performed in random order, ten Maximal Repetition of uni or bilateral knee extension exercise, with cadence controlled by a metronome. The heart rate was continuously recorded by a heart rate monitor, analyzed in five second intervals and calculated the averages for each measure. Thus, the data were analyzed in a series of 12 repeated measurements in two different situations, characterized by the execution of the exercise mode (unilateral or bilateral). Results: There was no effect on the amount of muscle mass mobilized on these answers, as the interaction between the execution mode and time of measurement showed no significant difference (p = 1.000; power 0.082). Conclusions: In both exercises, heart rate showed a fast acceleration in the initial transient of the exercise and a slower response in the final transient, however, there was no effect of the amount of stimulated autonomous afferences (larger amount of muscle mass involved bilateral vs unilateral exercise) on the magnitude of these responses. portuguesObjetivo: Comparar as respostas da frequencia cardiaca nos transientes rapidos inicial e final no exercicio de forca realizado de forma uni e bilateral. Metodo: Um grupo de 15 mulheres jovens, assintomaticas e fisicamente ativas realizou, em ordem randomica, exercicio de extensao de joelhos de forma uni e bilateral, com carga para dez Repeticoes Maximas e cadencia controlada por metronomo. A frequencia cardiaca foi registrada continuamente por um cardiofrequencimetro, analisada em intervalos de tempo de cinco segundos e calculadas as medias para cada medida. Desta forma, os dados foram analisados considerando uma serie de 12 medidas repetidas, em duas distintas situacoes, caracterizadas pelo modo de execucao do exercicio (uni ou bilateral). Resultados: Nao houve efeito da quantidade de massa muscular mobilizada sobre estas respostas, pois a interacao entre modo de execucao e momento da medida nao apresentou diferenca significativa (p = 1.000; poder de 0.082). Conclusao: Em ambas as formas de execucao, a frequencia cardiaca apresentou uma aceleracao rapida no transiente inicial do exercicio e uma resposta mais lenta no transiente final, contudo, nao houve efeito da quantidade de aferencias autonomicas estimuladas (maior quantidade de massa muscular envolvida no exercicio bilateral vs. unilateral) sobre a magnitude destas respostas.

Background There are a limited number of tests for the assessment of shoulder and pelvic girdle stability. Reliable instruments are important to evaluate movement dysfunction at these joints in order to provide more objective parameters. Objective To evaluate the inter-day reliability of the Upper Body Test in young adults. Methods A reliability study was carried out with three assessments of the shoulder and pelvic girdle stability within 48-h intervals (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday). The OctoBalance® platform was used to perform the Upper Body Test in 31 active young adults (24.5 ± 8 years). Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC2,2) two-way mixed model, Coefficient of Variation, and Bland–Altman plots were used to verify the reliability of the test. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimum detectable difference (MDD95%) were calculated for clinical applicability. Results The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ranged from 0.87 to 0.94 – Featuring a mean difference of 0.89 (95%CI = −0.19–1.97) to left and 0.95 (95%CI = −0.38–2.27) for the right side, with a low variation coefficient (3.31–5.91%) between the second and third days of assessment. There was a statistically significant difference between the first assessment day and the other test sessions. The Bland–Altman analyses revealed low bias with scores within the limits of agreement. Minimum detectable difference scores were between 4.02 and 5.10, and standard error of measurement between 1.75 and 2.72, depending on the movement side. Conclusion The Upper Body Test presented good inter-day reliability for assessing the stability of the shoulder and pelvic girdle in young active healthy adults.

The ecological model theory highlights that human development (or a given behavior) is the result of the interaction of variables derived from different levels, comprising those directly related to the subjects and those related to the environment. Given that, the purpose of this study is to establish whether runners’ performance may vary among different Brazilian states, as the factors associated with this difference. The sample comprised 1151 Brazilian runners (61.8% men) that completed an online questionnaire, providing information about biological (sex, age, height, and weight), training (running pace, frequency and volume/week, and motivation), sociodemographic (place of residence and wage) aspects, and perceptions about the environmental influences on the practice. Information about state variables was obtained from official institutes, and comprised the human development index (HDI), athletics events, and violence index. Multilevel analysis was conducted in HLM software. State-level characteristics explained ≈3% of the total variance in running performance. Of the total variance explained for the individual level, 56.4% was associated with male sex (β = −54.98, p &lt, 0.001), age (β = 1.09, 0.001), body mass index (β = 6.86, 0.001), economic status (β = 6.23, p = 0.003), the perception of the natural environment (β = 7.58, p = 0.02), training frequency (β = −16.64, 0.001), and weekly volume (β = −0.30, 0.001). At the state level, only athletics events presented a positive and significant influence on performance. There is a significant role of the environment on the explanation of running performance variability, and given the diversity across states, environmental variables should not be neglected, as they are relevant to the exploration of other variables possibly related to running performance.

Background In leprosy, sensory function of nerves is evaluated with monofilaments test and the motor function with voluntary muscle test, however electroneuromyography is considered as the gold-standard tool. Objectives This study aimed: i) to evaluate the correlation between clinical tests and electroneuromyography for the diagnosis of leprosy neuropathy; and ii) to identify the prevalence of leprosy neuropathy and the most compromised peripheral nerves in leprosy. Methods We analysed the data from a nested case-control study that identified 166 patients diagnosed with leprosy neuropathy confirmed by electromyography. This study was designed for an analysis of correlation between the diagnostic tests. Results The most prevalent type of the neural damage was the sensory and motor multiple mononeuropathy, observed in 62 (37.3%) cases. The highest prevalence was the ulnar nerve in 67 (40.3%) cases. Agreement specified by nerves was moderate, ranging from k = 0.58 in the deep peroneal nerve to k = 0.41 in the posterior tibial nerve). Overall agreement between the clinical tests and electroneuromyography was very poor. Monofilaments test with k = 0.02 (95% CI 0.00-0.12) and voluntary muscle test with 0.16 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.28, P = 0.01). Conclusions There is a low to moderate correlation between clinical tests (monofilaments and voluntary muscle tests) and the electroneuromyography examination. The most prevalent type of neural impairment was the sensory and motor multiple mononeuropathy, and the most affected nerve was the ulnar.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do treinamento de força sobre as hipertrofias renal e cardíaca induzida pela hipertensão renovascular em ratos. Método: Dezoito ratos Wistar foram divididos em três grupos: Sham, hipertenso (2K1C) e hipertenso treinado (2K1C-TR). Os animais foram induzidos a hipertensão renovascular através da ligadura da artéria renal esquerda. O treinamento de força foi iniciado quatro semanas após a indução da hipertensão renovascular, teve duração de 12 semanas e foi realizado a 70% de uma repetição máxima. Ao final foi medida pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca e parâmetros das hipertrofias renal e cardíaca. Resultados: O treinamento de força promoveu a redução da frequência cardíaca (p=0.0025) e da pressão arterial (p=0.01). Além disso, o treinamento diminuiu as massas absolutas do rim (p=0.0001) e coração (p=0.006), e os índices de hipertrofias renal e cardíaca, tanto normalizado pela massa corporal dos animais (p=0.0001 e p=0.001, respectivamente) como normalizado pelo comprimento da tíbia (p=0.004 e p=0.0004, respectivamente). Conclusão: O treinamento de força tem efeitos benéficos na hipertensão renovascular em animais, sendo capaz de reduzir a pressão arterial e a frequência cardíaca, além de atenuar o desenvolvimento das hipertrofias renal e cardíaca em ratos com hipertensão renovascular. Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza sobre las hipertrofias renal y cardíaca inducidas por la hipertensión renovascular en ratas. Método: Dieciocho ratas se dividieron en tres grupos: simulado, hipertenso (2R1C) e hipertenso entrenado (2R1C-TR). Los animales fueron inducidos a la hipertensión renovascular a través de la ligadura de la arteria renal izquierda. El entrenamiento de fuerza se inició cuatro semanas después de la inducción de la hipertensión renovascular, duró 12 semanas y se realizó al 70% de una repetición máxima. Al final se midió la presión arterial, la frecuencia cardiaca y los parámetros de las hipertrofias renal y cardíaca. Resultados: El entrenamiento de fuerza promovió la reducción de la frecuencia cardíaca (p=0.0025) y la presión arterial (p=0.01). Además el entrenamiento disminuyó las masas absolutas de los riñones (p=0.0001) y el corazón (p=0.006), y los índices de hipertrofias renal y cardíaca, tanto normalizado por la masa corporal de los animales (p=0.0001 e p=0.001, respectivamente) como normalizado por la longitud de la tibia (p=0.004 e p=0.0004, respectivamente). Conclusión: El entrenamiento de fuerza tiene efectos beneficiosos en la hipertensión renovascular en animales, siendo capaz de reducir la presión arterial y la frecuencia cardíaca, además de atenuar el desarrollo de las hipertrofias renal y cardíaca en ratas con hipertensión renovascular. Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effects of strength training on renal and cardiac hypertrophy induced by the renovascular hypertension in rats. Method: Eighteen male rats were divided into three groups: sham, hypertensive (2K1C) and trained hypertensive (2K1C-TR). The animals were induced to renovascular hypertension through ligation of the left renal artery. Strength training was initiated four weeks after the induction of renovascular hypertension, had the duration of 12 weeks and was performed at 70% of one maximum repetition. At the end, it was measured blood pressure, heart rate and parameters of renal and cardiac hypertrophies. Results: Strength training promoted reduction in heart rate (p=0.0025) and blood pressure (p=0.01). In addition, training decreased the absolute masses of the kidney (p=0.0001) and heart (p=0.006), and the indexes of renal and cardiac hypertrophy, both normalized by the body mass of the animals (p=0.0001 e p=0.001, respectively) and by the length of the tibia (p=0.004 e p=0.0004, respectively). Conclusion: Strength training has beneficial effects on renovascular hypertension in animals, being able to reduce blood pressure and heart rate, attenuating the development of renal and cardiac hypertrophies in rats with renovascular hypertension.

O objetivo foi comparar o desempenho técnico-tático após esforço de alta intensidade em jogadores de basquetebol universitário. Dez atletas do sexo masculino, em dois dias distintos, realizaram aquecimento seguido ou não de um exercício de alta intensidade. Logo após, realizaram jogo simulado com duração de 10 min: Jogo Estímulo Prévio Leve (JLEV) x Jogo Estímulo Prévio Vigoroso (JVIG). A percepção de esforço (RPE) foi registrada. O desempenho foi avaliado por: Instrumento de Avaliação do Desempenho Técnico-Tático Individual no Basquetebol (IAD-BB) e Estatísticas de Jogo. A RPE nos aquecimentos foram equivalentes e o JVIG apresentou maior valor que o JLEV (7,6 ± 1,1 e 5,7 ± 1,3 u.a.). Não houve diferença no desempenho técnico-tático geral, nos componentes específicos do IAD-BB. No JVIG houve menos arremessos de 3 pontos, assistências, bolas perdidas e aproveitamento dos arremessos de quadra, contra-ataques bem-sucedidos, pontos no garrafão, infiltrações com bola, arremessos do tipo catch and shoot, aproveitamento das bandejas, total de arremessos tentados e aumento nos rebotes defensivos. Conclui-se o esforço de alta intensidade prévio não interferiu no desempenho técnico-tático dos jogadores de basquetebol. Houve, no entanto, alterações na qualidade das ações observadas nas estatísticas de jogo.O objetivo foi comparar o desempenho técnico-tático após esforço de alta intensidade em jogadores de basquetebol universitário. Dez atletas do sexo masculino, em dois dias distintos, realizaram aquecimento seguido ou não de um exercício de alta intensidade. Logo após, realizaram jogo simulado com duração de 10 min: Jogo Estímulo Prévio Leve (JLEV) x Jogo Estímulo Prévio Vigoroso (JVIG). A percepção de esforço (RPE) foi registrada. O desempenho foi avaliado por: Instrumento de Avaliação do Desempenho Técnico-Tático Individual no Basquetebol (IAD-BB) e Estatísticas de Jogo. A RPE nos aquecimentos foram equivalentes e o JVIG apresentou maior valor que o JLEV (7,6 ± 1,1 e 5,7 ± 1,3 u.a.). Não houve diferença no desempenho técnico-tático geral, nos componentes específicos do IAD-BB. No JVIG houve menos arremessos de 3 pontos, assistências, bolas perdidas e aproveitamento dos arremessos de quadra, contra-ataques bem-sucedidos, pontos no garrafão, infiltrações com bola, arremessos do tipo catch and shoot, aproveitamento das bandejas, total de arremessos tentados e aumento nos rebotes defensivos. Conclui-se o esforço de alta intensidade prévio não interferiu no desempenho técnico-tático dos jogadores de basquetebol. Houve, no entanto, alterações na qualidade das ações observadas nas estatísticas de jogo.

A reconstrucao das condicoes fisicas, ajuste quimico do solo e da agua; emanipulacao biologica, incluindo a reintroducao de especies da flora e fauna nativase um desafio para restauracao florestal no entorno de lagos artificiais. Nesse sentidoo trabalho analisou estabelecimento inicial de especies endemicas da Mata Atlânticano entorno de lago artificial, visando restauracao desse ambiente. O estudo foirealizado no Colegio Tecnico da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(CTUR/UFRRJ), em Seropedica-RJ, no periodo de julho a setembro de 2017, utilizando delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com cinco (5) tratamentos (especies), em quatro (4) periodos (0, 30, 60 e 90 dias), com 4 repeticoes. A investigacaoverificou que a especie Caesalpinia echinata (Pau Brasil) apresentou desempenho,positivo quanto ao crescimento em altura (cm), o Pterogyne nitens (AmendoimBravo) no caule e a especie Schizolobium parahyba (Guapuruvu), nao recuperou nonumero de folhas apos 90 dias de plantio. Recomenda-se a continuidade domonitoramento e manutencao do plantio em ate 2 anos, e o enriquecimento comoutras especies florestais.

Resumo Objetivo Determinar a validade e confiabilidade intra e interavaliadores da utilizacao de cronometros e videos para registro do tempo de execucao do Line Drill Test (LDT), comparando‐as a fotocelula. Metodo Vinte e dois atletas universitarios de basquetebol e handebol executaram o LDT em uma unica tentativa. O tempo de execucao foi registrado simultaneamente por fotocelula (padrao‐ouro) e avaliadores com cronometros manuais. Simultaneamente, o teste foi filmado para posterior analise por avaliadores cegados com relacao aos demais tempos obtidos. Foram determinados os seguintes indices: a) coeficiente de correlacao intraclasse; b) coeficiente de variacao; c) maxima diferenca absoluta para um mesmo teste; e d) erro tipico. Resultados Nao houve diferenca estatistica no uso dos equipamentos. As correlacoes interavaliador e entre os equipamentos foram elevadas (r = 0.993 a r = 1.000; p Conclusao Os resultados sugerem que a utilizacao de equipamentos de baixo custo (cronometros e câmeras) para registrar o tempo de execucao do LDTe valida e confiavel.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance and tactical behavior of youth soccer players of teams from base categories. The sample consisted of 152 male soccer players aged 11-17 years who participated in the in the U-13 (n = 50), U-15 (n = 62) and U-17 (n = 40) Sergipe State Championship in the year 2015. The System of Tactical Assessment in Soccer (FUT-SAT) was used to identify the players’ tactical behavior based on the fundamental tactical principles. The main results of the study show that players presented higher tactical offensive performance (50.8 ± 9.8 points) compared to defensive performance (34.3 ± 5.7 points) (p < 0.001; d = 2,1), and the Depth Mobility principle presented the highest performance indices in the offensive phase (64.1 ± 8.7; F = 54.4; p < 0.001; partial ƞ² = 0.26). Defensive Coverage showed the highest performance indexes in the defensive phase (46.1 ± 24.3; F = 54.4; p < 0.001; partial ƞ² = 0.26). O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar o desempenho e o comportamento tático de jovens jogadores de futebol de equipes das categorias de base. A amostra foi composta por 152 jogadores de futebol, do sexo masculino, entre 11 e 17 anos de idade, que participaram do Campeonato Sergipano nas categorias sub-13 (n = 50), sub-15 (n = 62) e sub-17 (n = 40) no ano de 2015. Foi utilizado o Sistema de Avaliação Tática no Futebol (FUT-SAT) para identificar o comportamento tático dos jogadores a partir dos princípios táticos fundamentais do futebol. Os principais resultados do estudo mostraram que os jogadores apresentaram maior performance tática ofensiva (50,8 ± 9,8 pontos) do que a defensiva (34,3 ± 5,7 pontos) (p < 0,001; d = 2,1), sendo que o princípio da Mobilidade foi o que apresentou os maiores índices de performance na fase ofensiva (64,1 ± 8,7; F = 54,4; p < 0,001; ƞ² parcial = 0,26). A Cobertura Defensiva foi o princípio que apresentou os maiores índices de performance na fase defensiva (46,1 ± 24,3; F = 54,4; p < 0,001; ƞ² parcial = 0,26).

AIMS This study aimed to verify th erelation ship between of anthropometric and physical performance variables with game-related statistics in professional elite basketball players during a competition. METHODS Eleven male basketball players were evaluated during 10 weeks in two distinct moments (regular season and playoffs). Overall, 11 variables of physical fitness and 13 variables of game-related statistics were analysed. RESULTS The following significant Pearson’scorrelations were found in regular season: percentage of fat mass with assists (r = -0.62) and steals (r = -0.63); height (r = 0.68), lean mass (r = 0.64), and maximum strength (r = 0.67) with blocks; squat jump with steals (r = 0.63); and time in the T-test with success ful two-point field-goals (r = -0.65), success ful free-throws (r = -0.61), and steals (r = -0.62). However, in playoffs, only stature and lean mass maintained these correlations (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The anthropometric and physical characteristics of the players showed few correlations with the game-related statistics in regular season, and these correlations are even lower in the playoff games of a professional elite Champion ship, wherefore, not being good predictors of technical performance.