76 results on '"Marcelo Leite Ribeiro"'
Search Results
52. Residual strength criterion based on damage metric and Flexural After Impact (FAI) test for composite materials
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Ricardo de Medeiros, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Dirk Vandepitte, Murilo Sartorato, Sandra Patricia da Silva Tita, and Volnei Tita
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Residual strength ,Materials science ,Flexural strength ,business.industry ,Three point flexural test ,Metric (mathematics) ,Structural engineering ,Composite material ,business ,Test (assessment) - Published
- 2015
53. A dispersive nonlocal model for shear wave propagation in a periodically perfect/imperfect connected multi-laminated
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Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Reinaldo Rodríguez-Ramos, Raúl Guinovart-Díaz, Julián Bravo-Castillero, Volnei Tita, and Humberto Brito-Santana
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Physics ,Optics ,Shear (geology) ,Wave propagation ,business.industry ,Mechanics ,Imperfect ,business - Published
- 2015
54. Computational tool for fatigue analysis in composite material
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Giovani Sacchetto Daniel, Volnei Tita, Ricardo de Medeiros, and Marcelo Leite Ribeiro
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Materials science ,Composite material - Published
- 2015
55. TCT-429 Fetal Pulmonary Valvuloplasty. In-Utero and Post-Natal Outcomes
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Ieda Biscegli Jatene, Solange C. Gimenez, Jose C. Fernandes, Carlos R. Ferreiro, Carlos A. C. Pedra, Rodrigo Nieckel da Costa, Fabio Peralta, Simone Rolim Fernandes Fontes Pedra, and Marcelo Leite Ribeiro
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Fetus ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Stenosis ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,In utero ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Interventricular septum ,business ,Pulmonary atresia ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Hypoplastic right heart syndrome - Abstract
There is a paucity of data regarding the feasibility, safety and efficacy of fetal pulmonary valvuloplasty (FPV) for pulmonary atresia or stenosis with intact interventricular septum (PA/PS/IVS) and evolving hypoplastic right heart syndrome (HRHS) diagnosed in-utero. We report in-utero and post
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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56. Morphodynamic changes in a natural river confluence due to a hydropower modified flow regime
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Simon Wampfler, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Anton Schleiss, Schleiss, Anton, Speerli, J., and Pfammatter, Roger
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Hydrology ,geography ,field investigation ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,business.industry ,Sediment ,River confluence ,Main river ,sediment transport ,Confluence ,Tributary ,morphodynamcis ,Main channel ,natural river confluence ,business ,Sediment transport ,Hydropower - Abstract
River channel confluences form important morphological components of any river system. This article presents the results of an investigation on a natural river confluence in Switzerland. The aim of the field work performed at the confluence of the Sarine (main channel) and Gerine (tributary) Rivers near Fribourg (CH) is to analyze the interaction between morphological processes on the confluence and hydropower-affected hydrology of the main River. Important morphological changes have been observed over the last years, especially the deflection of the Sarine River and erosion of the left bank opposite of the tributary. Numerical calculations have shown that currently the minimal discharge of the Sarine River which transports the sediments annually deposited at the confluence is attained on average once each 2 years. Before the construction of the Rossens Dam, the minimum discharge was reached every year. This lack of yearly floods with sediment mobilization can explain the morphological changes occurred at the confluence since the construction of the dam.
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- 2014
57. PIEZO-FIBER COMPOSITE SENSOR TAILORING USING GENETIC ALGO-RITHM
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Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Ricardo de Medeiros, Flávio D. Marques, Volnei Tita, and Alexandre Simões de Almeida
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Modal ,Computer science ,Frequency domain ,Electronic engineering ,Context (language use) ,Actuator ,Reduction (mathematics) ,Aeroelasticity ,Piezoelectricity ,Finite element method - Abstract
The active aeroelastic control aims the reduction or elimination of harmful fluid- structure interaction effects. More recently, piezo-fiber composites, made from piezoelectric fibers embedded into composites, represent a major technological breakthrough for the manufacture of aerospace intelligent structures. The design and synthesis of intelligent sys- tems requires some effort to assess adequate sensor and actuator positioning and perfor- mance. Typically, sensors location or arrangements have been determined by using optimiza- tion approaches, in order to get the optimal performance in a particular system application. In the smart structures literature, it is usual to find investigations on PZT sensors arrange- ment optimization based on modal responses. Piezo-fiber composites may furnish appropriate framework to enhance sensor effective, in special when composite structures are considered. Moreover, each piezo-fiber composite sensor may be optimized, allowing adjustments of their internal laminate and PZT fibers, thereby reducing the number of required sensors and im- proving their integration to the primary structure. This paper presents an investigation on piezo-fiber composites optimization viewing their application as modal sensors or filtering. In this context, sensor tailoring is suggested by configuring the internal layers. The piezo-fiber composite sensor is assumed with internal layers and an extra embedded PZT fibers. Optimi- zation is performed to each layer direction by exploring a metrics on sensor response in mod- al coordinates for a range in the frequency domain. The finite element modeling is used to represent the dynamics of a uniform plate structure and the piezo-composite. The genetic al- gorithm is considered as optimization tool using modal parameters to achieve a cost function.
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- 2014
58. Computational methodology of damage detection on composite cylinders: structural health monitoring for automotive components
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Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Volnei Tita, and Ricardo de Medeiros
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Vibration ,Frequency response ,Engineering ,Modal ,Piezoelectric sensor ,business.industry ,Metric (mathematics) ,Composite number ,MÉTODO DOS ELEMENTOS FINITOS ,Structural health monitoring ,Structural engineering ,business ,Finite element method - Abstract
A numerical investigation of the damage effects on the structural response of the composite cylinders damaged by impact loading was performed. A computational methodology, which consists of carrying out four-step finite element (FE) analyses in progressive sequence, was used. Firstly, modal analyses were carried out for the intact structure to determine the natural frequencies and modal shapes. Then, vibration analyses were performed for intact structure to obtain the frequency response function (FRF). After that, impact analyses were performed by using a material model, which is accessed to predict the damage. Based on damaged FE model, vibration analyses, again, were carried out to determine the new FRF. Thus, the results of the damaged structure were combined to intact model results by using a specific metric in order to indicate the damage or not in the composite cylinders. Finally, it was discussed about the advantages and limitations of SHM systems, which use vibration-based methods and piezoelectric sensors.
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- 2014
59. Modelos de falha e dano para estruturas aeronáuticas com curvatura e fabricadas em material compósito
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Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Volnei Tita, Jonas de Carvalho, Humberto Breves Coda, Stepan Vladimirovitch Lomov, Mariano Eduardo Moreno, and Dirk Vandepitte
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Materials science ,business.industry ,Composite number ,Structural engineering ,Composite material ,Curvature ,business ,Finite element method - Abstract
Recent improvements in manufacturing processes and materials properties associated with excellent mechanical characteristics and low weight have became composite materials very attractive for application on civil aircraft structures. However, even new designs are still very conservative, because the composite structure failure phenomena are very complex. Several failure criteria and theories have been developed to describe the damage process and how it evolves, but the solution of the problem is still open. Moreover, modern manufacturing processes, e.g. filament winding, have been used to produce a wide variety of structural shapes. Therefore, this work presents the development of a damage model and its application to simulate the progressive failure of flat composite laminates as well as for composite cylinders made by filament winding process. The proposed damage model has been implemented as a UMAT (User Material Subroutine) and VUMAT (User Material Subroutine for explicit simulations), which were linked to ABAQUSTM Finite Element (FE) commercial package. Progressive failure analyses have been carried out using FE Method in order to simulate the failure of filament wound composite structures under different quasi-static and impact loading conditions. In addition, experiments have been performed not only to identify parameters related to the material model but also to evaluate both the potentialities and the limitations of the proposed model. As recentes melhorias nos processos de fabricação e nas propriedades dos materiais associadas a excelentes características mecânicas e baixo peso tornam os materiais compósitos muito atrativos para aplicação em estruturas aeronáuticas. No entanto, mesmo novos projetos, ainda são muito conservadores, pois os fenômenos de falha dos compósitos são muito complexos. Vários critérios e teorias de falha têm sido desenvolvidos para descrever o processo de dano e sua evolução, mas a solução do problema ainda está em aberto. Além disso, técnicas modernas de fabricação, como o enrolamento filamentar (filament winding) vêm sendo utilizadas para produzir uma ampla variedade de formas estruturais. Assim, este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um modelo de dano e a sua aplicação para simular a falha progressiva de estruturas planas e cilíndricas fabricadas em material compósito através do processo de filament winding. O modelo de dano proposto foi implementado como sub-rotinas em linguagem FORTRAN (UMAT-User Material Subroutine e, VUMAT-User Material Subroutine para simulações explícitas), que foram compiladas junto ao programa comercial de Elementos Finitos ABAQUSTM. Várias análises numéricas foram realizadas via elementos finitos, a fim de prever a falha dessas estruturas de material compósito sob diferentes condições de carregamentos quase-estáticos e de impacto. Além disso, vários ensaios experimentais foram realizados, a fim de identificar os parâmetros relacionados com o modelo de material, bem como avaliar as potencialidades e as limitações do modelo proposto.
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- 2013
60. Analysis of Low Energy Impact on Filament-wound Composite Cylinders
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Gregório Felipe Oliveira Ferreira, Dirk Vandepitte, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Murilo Sartorato, Volnei Tita, and Tulio Martins
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Filament winding ,ENGENHARIA AERONÁUTICA ,Cantilever ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Composite number ,Aerospace Engineering ,Structural engineering ,Composite laminates ,Cylinder (engine) ,law.invention ,law ,Service life ,Composite material ,business ,Sandwich-structured composite ,Strain gauge - Abstract
Composite materials are very attractive for structural applications due to its inherent mechanical properties and low density. However, during their service life, composite structures can be damaged by impact such as tool drop during assembly or maintenance. Several studies have been developed for impact on composite plates, but there are only few scientific investigations about impact on composite cylinders. This study presents experimental analyses of low energy impact on filament-wound cylinders. Three different lay-ups were evaluated for 9J and 31J impact levels. Bidirectional strain gauges, one accelerometer sensor, force and displacement sensors were used for data acquisition from the results The influence of the lay up on the behaviour of the filament-wound cylinder was discussed.
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- 2012
61. Bonded Joints Design Aided by Computational Tool
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Marcelo Leite Ribeiro and Volnei Tita
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Engineering ,Engineering drawing ,business.industry ,Stress analysis ,Aerospace Engineering ,Computational tool ,Composite joints ,Software ,Bonded joints ,Order (business) ,Adhesives ,JUNTAS SOLDADAS ,business ,Design parameters - Abstract
In order to aid the design of bonded joints, a computational tool named System of Analysis for Joints (SAJ) was developed. The software can analyze single and double lap bonded joint with composite-composite or metal-composite materials as adherent parts. Thus, SAJ can calculate the stress distribution, loads and displacements. Their results were compared to finite element software (ABAQUS™) and to specific composite analysis software (ESAComp™). After that, a study about the influence of joint design parameters on the mechanical behavior of the bonded joint was carried out. In regards to parametric study, SAJ leads to some conclusions, which can be used as a guide during the product design process. Therefore, aided by the computational tool, it is possible to perform a conceptual and preliminary design of bonded joints with more accuracy and varying many parameters (materials; fiber orientation and stacking sequence of the laminate; thickness; overlap length).
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- 2012
62. Representative volume element based transverse shear characterisation of laminated composites
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Volnei Tita, Murilo Sartorato, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, and Ricardo de Medeiros
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Materials science ,Cantilever ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Modal analysis ,Composite number ,Aerospace Engineering ,Structural engineering ,Finite element method ,Shear (sheet metal) ,Representative elementary volume ,Transverse shear ,LAMINADOS ,business ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
This paper presents a methodology to calculate the shear correction factors for composite plates using a representative volume element approach and finite element analyses. The results are obtained for two case studies: a carbon-epoxy laminate made of UD layers and a glass-epoxy laminate made of BD layers. The results have been compared with other calculations obtained by models provided in the literature. Finally, a finite element model of a cantilever beam is developed using ABAQUS for undertaking modal analysis. The finite element analysis results compared the dynamic characteristics of a beam using both the shear correction factors calculated via the proposed methodology and without the shear correction factors. The finite element analysis results, provided by the shear correction factors calculated via proposed methodology, are compared to the results obtained for a model without shear correction factors. It is possible to observe that the natural frequencies can change by more than 10% due to the effect of transverse shear.
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- 2012
63. Numerical and experimental dynamic analyses via smart composites
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Volnei Tita, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Ricardo de Medeiros, Gregório Felipe Oliveira Ferreira, and Flávio D. Marques
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Cantilever ,Materials science ,ENGENHARIA AERONÁUTICA ,Mathematical model ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Aerospace Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Structural engineering ,Piezoelectricity ,Finite element method ,Vibration ,Modal ,chemistry ,Aluminium ,Representative elementary volume ,business - Abstract
This paper consists of evaluating a methodology based on a representative volume element and finite element analyses, using numerical and experimental modal analyses via smart composites. Vibration tests and finite element models are developed for aluminium cantilever beam with and without piezoelectric patches. The effective properties of the smart composites are calculated by applying the proposed methodology. Numerical predictions and experimental results are compared, showing that the relative differences between these dynamic analyses via piezoelectric patches are within 2.0%. The dynamic behaviour of the structure can be reasonably changed for a variation in the effective coefficients of the piezoelectric patches.
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- 2012
64. TCT-167 Coarctation Stenting Through the Carotid Approach in Neonates and Infants
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Glaucio Furlanetto, Rodrigo Nieckel da Costa, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Simone Rolim Fernandes Fontes Pedra, Carlos A. C. Pedra, Fabiana Succi, Luis O. Campaña, Virginia Santana, Paulo Chaccur, and Valmir F. Fontes
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medicine.medical_specialty ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,business.industry ,medicine ,cardiovascular system ,cardiovascular diseases ,business ,equipment and supplies ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Surgery - Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
65. Design and analysis of aeronautical repair: fastened x bonded
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Volnei Tita, T. F. Basile, F. Di Salvo, Emanuel Nunes Borges, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, and A. A. F. Barbosa
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Materials science - Published
- 2010
66. Software for analyses of bonded joints: composite-composite and metal-composite
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Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Volnei Tita, Rodrigo Bresciani Canto, and José Benaque Rubert
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O presente trabalho consiste basicamente no desenvolvimento de um programa de engenharia denominado SAJ (sistema de análise de juntas) capaz de realizar uma análise detalhada do comportamento de dois dos diversos tipos de juntas coladas existentes, a junta simples colada (\"single lap joint\") e a junta dupla colada (\"double lap joint\"). Sendo que foram analisadas juntas coladas com aderentes de material compósito ou, então, compostas de aderentes de compósitos e metal. O programa de engenharia desenvolvido possibilita o cálculo das tensões, dos esforços e dos deslocamentos nessas juntas. Para validar o referido programa, os resultados obtidos do mesmo foram confrontados com os resultados obtidos para condições semelhantes utilizando \"softwares\" comerciais de elementos finitos e de cálculo de juntas. Após a validação do programa, são apresentados alguns estudos de fatores que influenciam na resistência da junta colada, verificando a influência do comprimento de \"overlap\" (sobreposição), a rigidez do adesivo e a espessura da camada adesiva. Também é apresentada uma análise de falha dos aderentes de compósito evidenciando assim, as potencialidades e limitações desta ferramenta computacional para a área de desenvolvimento de produto. This work consists on the development of software called SAJ which can analyze a bonded joint behavior in detail, not only for single lap joint, but also, for double lap joint. These joints could be made of composite/composite materials or metal/composite as adherentes. The software developed can calculate the joints stresses, loads and displacements. The results obtained are compared to the results obtained using commercial software and the same problems proposed. After the validation of SAJ, some studies were performed in order to determine how some characteristics affect the joint stresses distribution as overlap length, adhesive elastic modulus, adhesive thickness and a failure analysis of composite adherents showing the potential and limitation of this computational tool for the product development area.
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- 2009
67. TCT-690 A new method to select device size for atrial septal defect closure based on the largest defect diameter and area on real time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography
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Carlos A. C. Pedra, Simone Rolim Fernandes Fontes Pedra, Valmir F. Fontes, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Rodrigo Nieckel da Costa, Raul Arrieta, and Alexandre Abizaid
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Percutaneous ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Balloon sizing ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Closure (topology) ,Atrial septal defect closure ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Defect.diameter - Abstract
Device selection for percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure is usually based on balloon sizing (BS) of the defect. This step is crucial to avoid under or oversizing and resultant complications. Although three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has been used to guide the
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- 2013
68. TCT-103 Is fetal aortic valvuloplasty effective to achieve a biventricular circulation after birth?
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Fabio Peralta, Rodrigo Nieckel da Costa, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Simone Rolim Fernandes Fontes Pedra, and Carlos A. C. Pedra
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Fetus ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Circulation (currency) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Aortic valvuloplasty - Published
- 2013
69. TCT-169 Exit Angiography and Intraoperative Stenting after Surgical Repair of Complex Congenital Heart Disease in a Hybrid Room: Impact on Management Strategies and Outcomes
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Ana Luiza Paulista Guerra, Rodrigo Nieckel da Costa, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Virginia Santana, Paulo Chaccur, Glaucio Furlanetto, Magaly Arrais, Valmir F. Fontes, Simone Rolim Fernandes Fontes Pedra, and Carlos A. C. Pedra
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Surgical repair ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Angiography ,Medicine ,Radiology ,cardiovascular diseases ,Complex congenital heart disease ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Surgery - Full Text
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70. TCT-166 Stenting the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract as a Palliative Procedure in Patients with Tetralogy of Fallot
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Glaucio Furlanetto, Virginia Santana, Simone Rolim Fernandes Fontes Pedra, Wanda Teixeira do Nascimento, Carlos A. C. Pedra, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Valmir F. Fontes, Patrícia Figueiredo Elias, Marcelo B. Jatene, and Rodrigo Nieckel da Costa
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Palliative procedure ,medicine.disease ,Hypoxemia ,Shunt (medical) ,Internal medicine ,cardiovascular system ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Ventricular outflow tract ,In patient ,cardiovascular diseases ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Tetralogy of Fallot - Abstract
Neonates and infants with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) may occasionally need a BTT shunt to treat hypoxemia. However it may distort the anatomy of the pulmonary arteries (PAs). We report the outcomes after stenting the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) as an alternative procedure to temporarily
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71. Caracterização experimental e modelagem numérica do efeito da corrosão simulada nas propriedades mecânicas da liga de magnésio biodegradável WE43 para aplicações ortopédicas
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Felipe Saconi, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Armando Italo Sette Antonialli, and Eduardo Henrique Backes
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Magnésio e suas ligas são considerados candidatos promissores a substituírem os materiais metálicos bioinertes, como por exemplo ligas de titânio e aços inoxidáveis, utilizados atualmente na fabricação de implantes temporários para trauma. Ligas de magnésio são totalmente biodegradáveis no corpo humano, tornando desnecessária uma segunda cirurgia para explantação. Além disso, possuem módulo elástico similar ao do osso, minimizando o fenômeno de blindagem de tensões, e possuem propriedades osteocondutoras, que contribuem para a regeneração óssea. A maior barreira para a popularização da utilização das ligas de magnésio como material biodegradável para aplicações ortopédicas está relacionada ao controle das taxas de biodegradação e ao pouco conhecimento referente aos efeitos da biodegradação na integridade estrutural do material. A modelagem computacional possui papel importante no projeto de implantes ortopédicos para osteossíntese. No caso de metais biodegradáveis, uma abordagem computacional se faz necessária para auxiliar na previsão dos efeitos da degradação na integridade estrutural do implante e em sua capacidade de estabilizar a estrutura óssea fraturada. No presente trabalho, o comportamento mecânico da liga de magnésio WE43 é simulado por meio da utilização de um modelo elastoplástico de von Mises com endurecimento isotrópico, acoplado a um modelo de dano contínuo para simular, de maneira fenomenológica, a corrosão e seus impactos nas características estruturais do material. O modelo de corrosão fenomenológico é implementado através do desenvolvimento de uma sub-rotina de material do usuário (VUMAT) para utilização com o programa comercial de elementos finitos Abaqus/Explicit. A corrosão é considerada como sendo multi mecanismo, englobando os mecanismos de corrosão localizada (pitting) e o mecanismo de corrosão sob tensão. Ambos os mecanismos de corrosão são implementados utilizando uma formulação não-local média, visando reduzir a influência da geometria da malha. O modelo de corrosão localizada é calibrado com base em dados obtidos de ensaios de caracterização mecânica e de degradação in vitro de fios de magnésio WE43, e consegue, de maneira precisa, capturar tanto a redução linear da resistência mecânica do corpo de prova, assim como o a taxa de degradação não-linear, observados experimentalmente. A influência da corrosão sob tensão no padrão de corrosão e seu efeito na integridade do material foi investigado através do modelo multi mecanismo e mostrou possuir relevância secundária, quando comparada ao mecanismo de corrosão localizada, mesmo para carregamentos da ordem de 75% da tensão de escoamento do material. O modelo de corrosão foi aplicado a um estudo de caso envolvendo o ensaio de arrancamento de parafusos ortopédicos e foi capaz de capturar a perda de poder de fixação do parafuso deem razão da corrosão. O modelo numérico proposto se mostrou uma ferramenta eficiente na avaliação da integridade estrutural de ligas de magnésio biodegradáveis, podendo ser utilizado em trabalhos futuros no projeto de implantes ortopédicos. Biodegradable magnesium alloys are considered a promising candidate to replace the conventional bioinert metals, such as titanium alloys and stainless steels, used in trauma and extremities implants. Magnesium alloys are biodegradable in the human body, making a second surgery for implant removal unnecessary. Additionally, magnesium alloys have an elastic modulus similar to that of bone, which helps preventing the stress shielding effect, and presents osteoconductive properties, which contribute to bone healing. Nowadays, large-scale utilization of magnesium implants is still restricted by the high corrosion rates and its unknown effects on implant structural integrity. Computational modeling plays an important role in the development and design of orthopedic implants for osteosynthesis. In biodegradable metals, a modeling approach is required to predict the effects of degradation on the implant\'s mechanical integrity and its capacity to provide the desired stabilization of fractured bones. In this study, the mechanical behavior of magnesium WE43 alloy is modeled using the von Mises elastoplasticity model with isotropic hardening, coupled with a continuum damage mechanics model, to accounts for the effects of corrosion-induced microscale defects on the material mechanical resistance. The phenomenological corrosion model is implemented in a finite element framework through the development of a user material subroutine (VUMAT) for use with the Abaqus/Explicit. The corrosion damage is assumed to be multi-mechanism, comprising nonuniform corrosion, also known as localized pitting corrosion, as well as stress cracking corrosion. Both pitting and stress corrosion damages are implemented employing a nonlocal integral formulation to overcome the mesh-dependency. The nonlocal pitting corrosion model is calibrated based on experimental data collected from in-vitro degradation experiments and mechanical testing of magnesium WE43 alloy wire specimens and accurately captures both the linear mechanical reduction in specimen resistance, in the form of failure strength with mass loss, as well as the non-linear corrosion behavior of magnesium WE43, observed experimentally. The influence of localized stress on corrosion patterner and its influences on the mass loss at fracture were also investigated through the multi-mechanism model and showed to be of lesser relevance when compared to the pitting corrosion mechanism, even for loads on the magnitude of 75% of the material yield strength. The corrosion model was successfully applied to a case study involving the pull-out testing of an orthopedic screw and captured the loss in screw fixation strength due to corrosion. The presented numerical framework provides an efficient tool for structural integrity evaluation of biodegradable magnesium alloy and could be used in future research on the design of orthopedic implants.
- Published
- 2021
72. Análise quase-estática de estruturas escalonadas laminadas em material compósito via modelo fenomenológico de falhas e elementos finitos estendidos: desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta computacional
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Marcus Vinicius Angelo, Volnei Tita, Maurício Francisco Caliri Júnior, Airton Nabarrete, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, and José Ricardo Tarpani
- Abstract
Motivados pelas atuais tendências e suportados pelo grande interesse de indústrias do segmento aeronáutico, estudos e desenvolvimentos vêm sendo conduzidos na área de análise estrutural de materiais compósitos. Todavia, mesmo havendo várias contribuições científicas e tecnológicas nesta área, este assunto continua sendo um campo aberto e bastante promissor para novas pesquisas, devido a sua extensa complexidade e imediata aplicação. A ausência de um modelo capaz de projetar com elevada precisão uma estrutura aeronáutica com presença de escalonamento fabricada em material compósito, que pode sofrer modo de falha translaminar, motivou o presente trabalho. É sabido que o método de elementos finitos estendidos (XFEM - eXtendend Finite Element Method, do Inglês) vem sendo usado de maneira robusta para análise de propagação de trincas em elementos estruturais tridimensionais isotrópicos durante os últimos anos, mas não em compósitos. De forma a contribuir com a pequena quantidade de trabalhos científicos referentes a métodos XFEM 3D para análise de estruturas fabricadas em materiais compósitos não convencionais, como estruturas com escalonamento de camadas e laminados espessos, é apresentada uma nova metodologia implementada como uma ferramenta computacional para analisar quase estaticamente este tipo de estrutura. O modelo é baseado no aprimoramento do \"Método da Seção de Ouro\" que é aplicado em conjunto com uma versão aprimorada do critério de falha de Puck, permitindo assim definir com precisão e baixo custo computacional a iniciação e direção de uma trinca. Esta informação é utilizada para iniciar uma rotina baseada em XFEM, que é usada para o enriquecimento dos elementos finitos que vão falhando progressivamente durante a análise. A nova metodologia (implementada computacionalmente) apresenta convergência uma ordem de grandeza maior quando comparada com o algoritmo tradicional, sendo aproximadamente 20 vezes mais eficiente em termos computacionais. O modelo é ainda avaliado quanto a seus resultados em comparação com dados provenientes de ensaios experimentais, demonstrando uma boa convergência entre as previsões computacionais e os resultados obtidos em laboratório. Supported by current trends and by the great interest of aeronautic industries, studies and developments have been made in the field of high performance composite materials. Nonetheless, even with the scientific and technological contributions, the matter is still a field wide open and promising for new research due to its high complexity and immediate application. The absence of a model capable of universally reproducing mechanical behavior of composite materials tapered structures, which can suffer translaminar failure mode, motivated the present work. It is well known that the eXtended Finite Elements Method (XFEM) has been used robustly for analysis of crack propagation in isotropic tri-dimensional structural elements lately but not for composites. In order to contribute with the scares amount of available works on 3D XFEM application on non-conventional composite material structures, such as tapered structures and thick laminates, a new methodology is presented as a computational tool for quasi-static analysis of this type of component. The model derives from \"Golden Section Method\" that is applied along with an enhanced version of Puck\'s failure criterion, which allows a low computational cost and high precision estimation of crack initiation and direction of propagation. This information is used to trigger an XFEM based routine that is applied for enriching the elements progressively during analysis. The new methodology (computationally implemented) has a convergence rate one order of magnitude greater than traditional implementation, roughly 20 times more efficient in terms of computational processing. Finally, to assure robustness, the model is validated against standardized and specifically developed experiments, showing good convergence between numerical predictions and results obtained in the laboratory.
- Published
- 2019
73. A delamination propagation model for glass fiber reinforced laminated composite materials
- Author
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Jorge David, Aveiga Garcia, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Rodrigo Bresciani Canto, and José Ricardo Tarpani
- Subjects
Materials science ,Glass fiber ,Delamination ,Fracture mechanics ,Composite material - Abstract
The employment of composite materials in the aerospace industry has been gradually considered due to the fundamental lightweight and strength characteristics that these type of materials offer. The science material and technological progress that has been reached, matches perfectly with the requirements for high-performance materials in aircraft and aerospace structures, thus, the development of primary structure elements applying composite materials became something very convenient. It is extremely important to pay attention to the failure modes that influence composite materials performances, since, these failures lead to a loss of stiffness and strength of the laminate. Delamination is a failure mode present in most of the damaged structures and can be ruinous, considering that, the evolution of interlaminar defects can carry the structure to a total failure followed by its collapse. Different techniques are usually adopted to accurately predict the behavior of damaged structures but, due to the complex nature of failure phenomena, there is not an established pattern. The present research project aims to develop a delamination propagation model to estimate a progressive interlaminar delamination failure in laminated composite materials and to allow the prediction of material\'s degradation due to the delamination phenomenon. Experimental tests assisted by ASTM Standards were performed to determine material\'s parameter, like the strain energy release rate, using GFRPs laminated composites. The delamination propagation model proposed was implemented as subroutines in FORTRAN language (UMAT-User Material Subroutine) with formulations based on the Fracture Mechanics. Finally, the model was compiled beside with the commercial Finite Element program ABAQUSTM. O emprego de materiais compósitos na indústria aeroespacial tem sido gradualmente utilizado devido às suas características fundamentais, como peso leve e alta rigidez, que este tipo de material oferece. Tanto a ciência do material como o desenvolvimento tecnológico que se tem logrado, possibilitaram que estes materiais cumprissem com os requisitos de desempenho para aplicações em estruturas aeronáuticas e aeroespaciais, por tanto, o desenvolvimento de elementos de estruturas primárias usando materiais compósitos, passou a ser muito conveniente. É de extrema importância prestar atenção aos modos de falha que comprometem a performance dos materiais compósitos, uma vez que, estas falhas levam a uma perda de resistência e rigidez do laminado. A delaminação é um modo de falha presente na maioria de estruturas danificadas e pode ser desastroso, considerando que, a evolução dos defeitos interlaminares podem levar a estrutura a falhar seguido pelo colapso estructural. Diferentes técnicas são geralmente adotadas para prever, de maneira correta, o comportamento de estruturas danificadas, porém, devido à natureza complexa do fenômeno de falha, não existe um padrão estabelecido. O presente trabalho de pesquisa visa desenvolver um modelo de delaminação e de propagação da delaminação para estimar a evolução da falha interlaminar em materiais compósitos laminados e permitir a predição do comportamento do material com a evolução da delaminação. Ensaios experimentais auxiliados por normas ASTM foram realizados para determinar parâmetros do material, tais como, as taxas de liberação de energia de deformação, usando materiais compósitos laminados de matriz polimérica reforçada com fibra de vidro. O modelo de propagação da delaminação proposto, foi implementado como uma sub-rotina em linguagem FORTRAN (UMAT – User Material) com formulações baseadas na Mecânica da Fratura. Finalmente, o modelo foi compilado com o software comercial de Elementos Finitos, ABAQUSTM.
- Published
- 2018
74. Manufacture and thickness control of single lap joints: mechanical properties characterization of adherents and adhesive
- Author
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Fernando Madureira, Marcelo Leite Ribeiro, Doina Mariana Banea, and José Ricardo Tarpani
- Abstract
Devido a suas vantagens comparadas aos métodos tradicionais de união mecânica, a utilização de juntas coladas estruturais só tende a crescer, entretanto, devido suas propriedades e modos de falha dependerem de diversos parâmetros (tratamento superficial, geometria, material, condições de tralho, etc.) uma utilização mais ampla desta técnica ainda é restrita pela ausência de modelos de falhas confiáveis. O presente trabalho consiste na apresentação de métodos para fabricação de juntas coladas em material compósito e verificação da influência da espessura da camada adesiva na resistência de juntas simples coladas (single lap joints) submetidas à tração. São também apresentados métodos para fabricação dos aderentes, corpos de prova de adesivo puro para ensaios de caracterização e realização de ensaios mecânicos para obtenção das propriedades mecânicas tanto dos aderentes quanto do adesivo. As propriedades mecânicas dos aderentes e do adesivo foram obtidas através de ensaios realizados em uma máquina de tração universal com o auxílio da técnica de correlação digital de imagem, e a obtenção das energias críticas de resistência à fratura (GIc,GIIc) da camada adesiva foram calculadas através de ensaios Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) e End Notched Flexure (ENF). Foram estudados métodos para gerar falha coesiva nas juntas adesivas, sendo que o melhor método encontrado foi o de tratamento superficial dos aderentes com jateamento abrasivo seguido pela limpeza superficial com acetona. O controle preciso da espessura da camada adesiva foi alcançado através do desenvolvimento de um dispositivo de fácil construção, compostos por suportes de madeira, hastes e linhas de nylon. Nos ensaios em juntas coladas foi constatado uma relação inversamente proporcional entre a espessura da camada adesiva e a resistência máxima suportada pela junta, ou seja, quanto maior a espessura do adesivo menor sua resistência. Os métodos aqui apresentados foram os resultados de vários meses de estudo e compreensão das normas e técnicas disponíveis na literatura, o aprimoramento das técnicas foram frutos de um ciclo compostos por fabricação, testes e análise de resultados. Amongst the joining techniques, adhesively bonding joints are one of the most commonly applied nowadays. However, a lack of reliable failure criteria still exists, limiting in this way a more widespread application of adhesively bonded joints in principal load-bearing structural applications. An accurate strength prediction of the adhesively bonded joints is essential to decrease the amount of expensive testing at the design stage. This work consists to show methods for manufacturing single lap joints and to verify the adhesive thickness influence on the joint resistance. The manufacturing process of the composite adherends and adhesives for bulk tests was also covered. The mechanical properties of the adherends and bulk adhesive were performed on a universal testing machine with assistance of a digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The fracture toughness energy release rates (GIc,GIIc) of the adhesive layer were obtained respectively through Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) and End Notched Flexure (ENF) tests. Cohesive failure was achieved by grit blasting the adherents followed by cleaning with acetone. A constant adhesive thickness was guaranteed by placing nylon fishing lines between the adherents. Single lap joints tests showed that the joint resistance decrease with increasing adhesive thickness.
- Published
- 2018
75. Estruturas de material compósito sob carregamento de tração e impacto: avaliação de um modelo de material
- Author
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Gregório Felipe Oliveira Ferreira, Volnei Tita, Severino Pereira Cavalcanti Marques, and Marcelo Leite Ribeiro
- Abstract
Recentes melhorias nos processos de fabricação e nas propriedades dos materiais associadas a excelentes características mecânicas e baixo peso tornaram os materiais compósitos muito atrativos para aplicação em estruturas aeronáuticas. No entanto, mesmo novos projetos ainda são muito conservadores, pois os fenômenos de falha dos compósitos são muito complexos. Então, é estratégico entender melhor, bem como prever esses complexos mecanismos de falha, desenvolvendo modelos de materiais mais precisos que venham a diminuir o número de ensaios experimentais, gerando rapidez e economia aos projetos estruturais. Assim, este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um modelo de material baseado na Mecânica do Dano Contínuo para simular a falha progressiva de estruturas laminadas de carbono/epóxi quando submetidas a carregamentos quase estáticos e de impacto. Várias análises numéricas foram realizadas via elementos finitos, a fim de prever a falha dessas estruturas de material compósito sob essas solicitações. O modelo de dano proposto foi implementado como sub-rotinas em linguagem FORTRAN (UMAT-User Material Subroutine e, VUMAT-User Material Subroutine para simulações explícitas), que foram compiladas junto ao programa comercial de Elementos Finitos ABAQUSTM. Além disso, ensaios experimentais foram realizados, a fim de calibrar parâmetros relacionados ao modelo de material, bem como avaliar as potencialidades e as limitações do modelo de material proposto. Recent improvements in manufacturing processes and material properties associated to excellent mechanical characteristics and low weight have become composite materials very attractive for application on civil aircraft structures. However, even new designs are still very conservative, because the composite structure failure phenomena are very complex. So, it is strategic to known better and to predict these complex failure mechanisms, developing more accuracy material models, which reduce the number of experimental tests, inducing a fast and economic structural design. Thus, this work show the development of a material model based on Continuum Damage Mechanics to simulate the progressive failure of carbon/epoxy laminate structures under quasi-static and impact loadings. Several numerical analyses were performed via Finite Element Method in order to predict the damage on composite structures under these conditions. The proposed damage model was implemented as a UMAT (User Material Subroutine) and VUMAT (User Material Subroutine for explicit simulations), which were linked to ABAQUSTM. Moreover, experiments were carried out in order to calibrate the material model parameters and to evaluate the potentialities and limitation of the proposed material model, as well.
- Published
- 2016
76. Contribution to theory of plates: structural analyses of laminated composites and sandwich structures via unified formulations
- Author
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Caliri Junior, Mauricio Francisco, Volnei Tita, Humberto Breves Coda, António Joaquim Mendes Ferreira, Antonio Marcos Gonçalves de Lima, and Marcelo Leite Ribeiro
- Abstract
Em engenharia, a quantidade de problemas geométricos complexos que precisam ser resolvidos empregando teorias de placas ou cascas é notável. Esta é a razão por que há tantas teorias que buscam simplificar os problemas tridimensionais em outros menos custosos computacionalmente. Além disso, o aumento atual do uso de estruturas sanduíche requer que as formulações bidimensionais sejam mais precisas. Esta tese, num primeiro momento, compila a maioria das teorias de placa, comentando as principais diferenças, vantagens e desvantagens de cada uma. As formulações bidimensionais de placas laminadas são classificadas principalmente de acordo com o tratamento da coordenada na direção normal a superfície da mesma: Camada Única Equivalente (ESL), ESL refinada (teorias Zig-Zag) e Teorias Discretas ou de Camada (LW). Cada uma destas teorias é revista juntamente com as hipóteses de placas que são feitas para cada uma das camadas ou para o laminado como um todo. Para resolver tais problemas estruturais em engenharia, métodos numéricos são normalmente utilizados. Portanto, num segundo momento, alguns métodos de solução são citados e revisados, mas o foco é dado ao Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF). A contribuição deste trabalho consiste na implementação de um novo método de solução de compósitos laminados e estruturas sanduíche com base em um sistema unificado de Formulação Generalizada (GUF) via MEF. Um elemento quadrilátero de 4 nós foi desenvolvido e avaliado com um código de Elementos Finitos desenvolvido pelo presente autor. Os requisitos para continuidade do tipo C-1 são respeitados para a variável de deflexão da placa. Esse método é nomeado de Formulação Generalizada do Caliri (CGF). Resultados para placas isotrópicas, placas de laminado compósito e estruturas sanduíche consideradas finas ou espessas são comparados com dados da literatura e soluções via Abaqus. Os resultados obtidos ao longo da espessura reforçam a necessidade de soluções de placa não-lineares para placas espessas (laminadas ou não). Mostrou-se que as soluções estáticas e dinâmicas empregando o método proposto fornecem resultados coerentes quando comparados com outros métodos de solução. Dentre os diversos estudos de caso investigados, verificou-se que é possível se obter resultados com alta concordância. Para uma estrutura sanduíche com núcleo macio, o resultado de deslocamento previsto para um carregamento estático chega a 99.8% de concordância e o resultado de uma análise modal da mesma estrutura mostra uma concordância de 99.5% com os resultados de um modelo feito com elementos 3D em um programa comercial de elementos finitos. In engineering, the amount of complex geometrical problems, which need to be solved by using plates and shells theories, is remarkable. This is the reason why there are so many plate and shell theories which attempt to simplify three dimensional problems into ones with low computational cost. Additionally, the current increasing use of sandwich structures requires that the two dimensional formulations be accurate enough. First, this thesis compiles most of the plate theories from the literature and quotes the main differences, advantages and weaknesses of each one. The bi-dimensional laminated plate formulations are mainly classified according to the treatment of the variable in the normal direction of the plate surface: Equivalent Single Layer (ESL), Refined ESL (Zig-Zag theories) and Layer-Wise (LW) theories. Each one of these theories is reviewed along with the plate hypotheses which are made for each ply and/or laminate. To solve such complex structural engineering problems, numerical methods are normally used. Second, few solution methods are reviewed and quoted, but focus is given to the Finite Element Method (FEM). The contribution of this work is the implementation of a new solution method for laminated composites and sandwich structures based on a Generalized Unified Formulation (GUF) via FEM. A quadrilateral 4-node element was developed and evaluated using in-house Finite Element program. The C-1 continuity requirements is fulfilled for the transversal displacement field variable. This method is tagged as Caliri\'s Generalized Formulation (CGF). Results for isotropic plates, laminated composite plates and sandwich structures for thin and thick laminates are compared with literature data and solutions via Abaqus. The through-the-thickness profile results reinforce the need for non-linear plate (laminated or not) solutions. It was shown that the static and dynamic solutions employing the proposed solution method yield coherent results when compared with other solution methods. Among the different case studies investigated, it was verified that it is possible to obtain results with high agreement. For a soft-core sandwich structure, the displacement result for a static loading is reported as high as 99.8% and the result of a modal analysis of the same structure shows an accuracy of 99.5%, comparing to the results from a 3D finite element model built with a commercial software.
- Published
- 2015
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