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The knowledge with reference to the grapevine tapetum has been centered on its anatomy/morphology and hardly anything at all is known about its mitotic activity throughout the microsporogenesis. The aim of this study was to ascertain the mitotic activity in tapetal cells of some grapevines (Vitis L.) broadening knowledge about this tissue and simultaneously corroborating the viability of its use as an alternative tissue for further cytogenetic studies. Young buds of 12 grapevine varieties at different meiotic stages were squashed and tapetal cells a prometaphase/metaphase scored in each meiotic stage. Mitotic activity was observed since the beginning of microsporogenesis, where it was more intense, decreasing toward tetrad. Polyploid tapetal cells arose through endomitosis while the microsporogenesis advanced. Two types of polyploid cells were evidenced, those with two or more individualized diploid chromosome groups and those with only one polyploid group. The percentage of diploid cells and of polyploid cells with two or more individualized diploid groups was higher during the first stage of microsporogenesis, though decreasing and giving way to cells with one large polyploid group as microsporogenesis moved toward tetrad. The nucleolus number was scored at interphase at different stages. Two and four nucleoli prevailed in tapetal cells at all stages except at tetrad where one large nucleolus was seen. The results showed that despite of the squashing technique applied, grapevine tapetum has a substantial amount of cells with mitotic activity with a satisfactory chromosome spreading therefore establishing an interesting alternative and promising tissue for later cytomolecular studies.

This paper aimed to evaluate crop yield and physical and chemical characteristics of acerola (Malpighia emarginataSessé & Mociño ex DC) clones grown in the Alta Paulista region, Brazil. The evaluationcomprised 7 clones, namely: Olivier, BRS 238-Frutacor, BRS 236-Cereja, BRS 235-Apodi, BRS 237-Roxinha, Okinawa,and Waldy-CATI 30, studiedfrom October 2018 to April 2019. Crop yield was analyzed based on the accumulated production of 12 harvests, withfresh massexpressedin kg fruit·plant-1. Considering the capacity of30 harvests per plant within thecomplete croppingperiod, total fruit mass (in kg fruit·plant-1) and crop yield (in tha-1) were estimated. Samples were collected from 4 of the 12 harvests in order to determineaverage fruit mass (g); average fruit size, fruitheight/diameter ratio, and pulp yield (%). Regarding fruit pulp, the analysis consisted of quantifying the soluble solids, expressed in degrees Brix, and the technological index (i.e. pulp yield x °Brix/100). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with 7 treatments and 4 repetitions. The obtained data were statistically processed by analysis of variance using the F test, and the means were compared using the Tukey’stest at the 0.05 significance level. The study concluded that, given the soil and weather conditions of the Alta Paulistaregion, Olivier, Apodi and Frutacor are the clones mainly recommended for the agro-industrial market, being the Olivier cultivar the first option among the three and appearing in a greater proportion in the area of the commercial orchard studied. Regarding the acerola production for fresh consumption, Olivier and Roxinha are the most suitable clones. Olivier stands out for its good fruit yield, adequate physical and chemical characteristics, and easy manual harvesting.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T15:04:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T14:36:44Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0006-87052021000100219.pdf: 144517 bytes, checksum: 193b525b8e1fba52820241e98785f998 (MD5) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) In viticulture, training systems and rootstocks are crucial factors in the growth and development of plants, thus affecting the production and quality of grapes. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the best combination of rootstock and training system for 'Sauvignon Blanc', in Jundiai, state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. To assess the data, a randomized block design in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme was used, that is, two rootstocks ('IAC 766 Campinas' and '106-8 Mgt') and two training systems (low and high espaliers), with four replications. The characteristics assessed were production, physicochemical analysis and concentration of bioactive compounds. With regard to the physicochemical composition of the grape must, the results indicated that the tested combinations are within the standard requirements for the winemaking industry; outcomes may change according to the rootstock used, i.e., an increase in production or an increase in the nutritional quality of the fruits. Nevertheless, '106-8 Mgt' rootstock showed great yield in both training systems, that is, an increase of up to 80%. Finally, 'Sauvignon Blanc' must be grafted on to 'IAC 766 Campinas' rootstock through a low espalier system to achieve a high content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, and high antioxidant activity. Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr, Dept Prod Vegetal, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Bioestat Biol Vegetal Parasitol & Zool, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Ctr Avancado Pesquisa Frutas, Inst Agron, Jundial, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agronom, Ctr Raizes & Amidos Trop, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Ciencias Quim & Biol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr, Dept Prod Vegetal, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Bioestat Biol Vegetal Parasitol & Zool, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agronom, Ctr Raizes & Amidos Trop, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Ciencias Quim & Biol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil CNPq: 305724/2018-5 CNPq: 307571/2019-0 FAPESP: 2015/16440-5 CAPES: 001

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:38:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Phenology, bunch morphology, and must quality are essential factors to the selection of grapevine cultivars for winemaking. This study aimed to evaluate five grapevine hybrids grafted onto two rootstocks, looking for fruit with the best characteristics for producing wine. The hybrids studied were ‘BRS Lorena’, ‘IAC 21-14 Madalena’, ‘Moscatel de Jundiaí’, ‘Moscato Embrapa’ and ‘SR 0.501-17’ grafted onto ‘IAC 572 Jales’ and ‘IAC 766 Campinas’ rootstock. Phenology was evaluated weekly, and the number of days from pruning to sprouting, flowering, and maturation was calculated. Fruit production, bunch morphology, and must quality were evaluated for each genotype and rootstock. ‘SR 0.501-17’ was classified as a genotype with a medium cycle, with fruit maturing 20 days earlier than the other hybrids, which were, therefore, classified as late-cycling. No interaction was noted between hybrids and rootstocks relative to bunch morphology. The must of ‘Moscato Embrapa’ grafted onto ‘IAC 766 Campinas’ rootstock had higher maturation index than that grafted onto ‘IAC 572 Jales’ rootstock. ‘BRS Lorena’ and ‘SR 0.501-17’ produced smaller berries, must with medium acidity, and higher soluble solid contents, as compared with other hybrids, resulting in the best bunch morphology and must quality for winemaking. Instituto Agronômico – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical e Subtropical, SP Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Núcleo de Estudos da Uva e do Vinho, SC Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Ciência do Solo, SP Instituto Agronômico – Centro de Frutas, SP Instituto de Botânica – Núcleo de Plantas Ornamentais, SP Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Horticultura, SP Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Ciência do Solo, SP Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Horticultura, SP CAPES: 001

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of rootstocks on grape production, quality and antioxidant capacity of ‘Niagara Rosada’ grape in two productive cycles. The work was developed in Jundiaí-SP, Brazil (26° 06’ S, 46° 55’ W and an average altitude of 745 m). The experimental design was in randomized blocks with subdivided plots, the plots being represented by the rootstocks and the subplots by the production cycles, with four replications, each consisting of 6 plants. The treatments consisted of a combination of ‘IAC 313 Tropical’, ‘IAC 572 Jales’, ‘IAC 571-6 Jundiaí’, ‘IAC 766 Campinas’ and ‘106-8 Mgt’ as rootstocks and ‘Niagara Rosada’ as graft, and the production cycles were 2013 and 2014. The number of bunches, production and productivity of the vines, the physical characteristics of bunches, berries and stalks and the physicochemical composition of the must (soluble solids content, titratable acidity, pH and the relation soluble solids/titratable acidity) were evaluated in production cycles of 2013 and 2014). The content of chlorophylls, anthocyanins, carotenoids, flavonoids and total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of grapes were also evaluated in grape berries. The rootstocks did not influence the production and physical quality of ‘Niagara Rosada’ grapes. As for the chemical characteristics, rootstocks only had an effect on solids content, and ‘IAC 766’ and ‘106-8 Mgt’ rootstocks promoted higher values of this characteristic. Likewise, the total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of the grapes were not influenced by the studied rootstocks. The vines in 2013 presented higher production and better physical characteristics of the grapes, however, the soluble solids content in this cycle was lower than in 2014. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de porta-enxertos na produção da videira, na qualidade e capacidade antioxidante da uva ‘Niagara Rosada’ em dois ciclos produtivos. O trabalho foi realizado em Jundiaí-SP, Brasil (26° 06’ S, 46° 55’ W e uma altitude média de 745m). O delineamento experimental foi de blocos causalizados em parcelas subdivididas, as parcelas foram representas pelos porta-enxertos e as subparcelas pelos ciclos de produção, com quatro repetições, constituídas de 6 plantas. Os tratamentos consistiram na combinação entre os porta-enxertos ‘IAC 313 Tropical’, ‘IAC 572 Jales’, ‘IAC 571-6 Jundiaí’, ‘IAC 766 Campinas’ e ‘106-8 Mgt’ e a variedade copa ‘Niagara Rosada’, e os ciclos produtivos de 2013 e 2014. O número de cachos, produção e produtividade das videiras, as características físicas de cachos, bagas e engaços e a composição físico-química do mosto (teor de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, pH e relação sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável) foram avaliados nos ciclos de produção de 2013 e 2014. Avaliou-se ainda nas bagas das uvas o conteúdo de clorofilas, antocianinas, carotenoides, flavonoides e compostos fenólicos totais e a atividade antioxidante. Os porta-enxertos não influenciaram a produção e a qualidade física da uva ‘Niagara Rosada’. Quanto as características químicas houve efeito dos porta-enxertos apenas no teor de sólidos solúveis, sendo que os porta-enxertos ‘IAC 766’ e ‘106-8 Mgt’ promoveram maiores valores dessa característica. Da mesma forma, os compostos fenólicos totais e a atividade antioxidante das uvas não foram influenciados pelos porta-enxertos estudados. As videiras, em 2013 apresentaram maior produção e melhores características físicas das uvas, no entanto, o teor de sólidos solúveis nesse ciclo foi inferior ao de 2014.

This study aimed to assess the rootstocks influence over total phenolic compound content, antioxidant activity and its correlation in different red and white grapes cultivars for wine production. This study conducted an experimental three-year-old vineyard, located in Jundiai, in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, from July 2013 to January 2014. Red and white grapes from Vitis vinifera L. (Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Syrah and Sauvignon Blanc), V. labrusca L. (Isabel and Bordo) and hybrid cultivars (IAC 138-22 Maximo, BRS Violeta, IAC 116-31 Rainha, IAC 21-14 Madalena and BRS Lorena) were grafted on IAC 766 and 106-8 Mgt rootstocks. Samples of grapes were collected and the total carotenoids, chlorophyll, anthocyanin, flavonoid, and phenolic content, and the in vitro antioxidant activity determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. The rootstocks effects on red grape were mainly observed on the anthocyanins content. The total polyphenols content and the grapes antioxidant activity was virtually not affected by the rootstocks, especially on grapes of BRS Violeta and IAC 138-22 Maximo kinds, which presented the highest content of this compost. Among the white grapes, the 106-8 Mgt rootstock favored the increase of total phenolic compounds content on grapes of Sauvignon Blanc, IAC 116-31 Rainha and IAC 21-14 Madalena kinds. Although the hybrid grapes of IAC 116-31 Rainha e IAC 21-14 Madalena kinds are white grapes, the total phenolic compounds content on them were higher than the ones found on the red grape Isabel. Key words: Vitis vinifera, Vitis labrusca, hybrid grapes, total anthocyanin, Folin-Ciocalteau, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:31:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-10-01 The current study aimed to assess the influence of the 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313' and 'IAC 571-6' rootstocks on nutrient uptake of 'Venus' grape vine by pruning branches and harvesting clusters during two consecutive grape growing seasons. The experiment was conducted in Votuporanga, state of Sao Paulo. Treatments consisted of the variety 'Venus' grafted onto four rootstocks during two growing seasons (2013 and 2014). The rootstocks evaluated were 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313' and 'IAC 571-6'. We sampled the grape branches at pruning and their clusters at harvest time. The macro and micronutrient contents in both branches and clusters were analyzed. Nutrient uptake and removal were separately estimated in pruned branches and harvested clusters by uptake nutrient sum. Results indicated great nutrient uptake means in 'IAC 572' and 'IAC 766' during both seasons. Moreover, total removal uptake showed the following order K > N > Ca > P > Mg > S > Mn > Fe > Zn > B > Cu in pruned branches and harvested clusters. São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agriculture, José Barbosa de Barros Street Fruit APTA Center (IAC), Luiz Pereira do Santos Street, 1500 São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agriculture, José Barbosa de Barros Street

‘Niagara’ is a hybrid table grape (V. vinifera × V. labrusca). Several spontaneous somatic mutants from this grapevine have already been described. However, cytological information about these mutants is scarce. Therefore, studies in the microsporogenesis have been carried out in two of these mutants, a seedless and a large berry mutant (giant mutant). A low percentage of abnormalities such as precocious chromosome segregation, bivalent not aligned, laggard and stickiness chromosomes were seen in both mutants. A merging process of microspores was observed in several tetrads in the seedless mutant: the microspore came together by large cytoplasmic bridges giving rise to a large and amorphous single-celled tetrad, which eventually collapsed. The giant mutant showed 10.29% of tetrads with microcytes. However, these tetrad abnormalities did not hinder pollen viability. Significant differences were seen concerning stomata and pollen grain sizes, stomata frequency and anther number per flower between the mutants. The chromosome count at diakinesis (n=19) and in diploid tapetal cells (2n=38) clarified the fact that the seedless somatic mutation was not associated with any ploidy event. Conversely, the giant mutant showed n=38 at diakinesis and 2n=76 in diploid tapetal cells, pointing to a case of spontaneous chromosome duplication. Since these abnormalities did not disturb the percentage of pollen viability very much, in both mutants (higher than 86%), the seedless one may be used as a male parent in crossing, regarding the desirable seedlessness character, while the mutant giant may be employed as female parent for the obtainment of seedless triploid plants. ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:28:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of different rootstocks ('IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313', 'IAC 571-6' and '106-8 Mgt') on the physicochemical quality of 'Niagara Rosada' grape under Brazilian subtropical climate. In this study, a vineyard trellising system supported three years old vines at a density of 6536 plants ha-1. Therefore, evaluations consisted of three pruning seasons: two winter pruning (August 2011 and September 2012) and a summer pruning (January 2012). A complete randomized block design was conducted, subdivided into plots, with five replicates, the plots represented by 5 rootstocks and subplots by pruning seasons. We evaluated bunch number per plant; bunch, berry and rachis fresh mass; berries number per bunch; soluble solid, pH and titratable acidity content in the grape must. Results showed that 'Niagara Rosada' grafted onto 'IAC 572', presented the highest bunch mass (227g), rachis fresh mass (7.5g) and berries number per bunch (66); while 'IAC 313' rootstock performed the lowest values. Moreover, 'IAC 766' and '106-8 Mgt' rootstocks presented the highest soluble solid and titratable acidity content, due to these rootstock's precocity. Furthermore, the highest ratio between soluble solid and titratable acidity was found in 'Niagara Rosada' grafted onto 'IAC 313' and 'IAC 571-6' rootstock. Sao Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agriculture Botucatu, Universitaria Avenue Agronomic Institute of Campinas (IAC) APTA Fruit centre, 1500 Luiz Pereira do Santos Avenue Sao Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agriculture Botucatu, Universitaria Avenue FAPESP: #2011/03440-6

A fração da área coberta pelo dossel (fc) tem sido empregada, em diferentes regiões, para a estimativa do coeficiente de cultivo (Kc) de videiras. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estimar os valores de Kc de videiras destinadas à produção de uvas para elaboração de suco com base nos valores de fc, nas condições do noroeste paulista. As avaliações foram realizadas de agosto a novembro de 2016 no município de Votuporanga (SP), com as cultivares Isabel Precoce e BRS Carmem enxertadas sobre os porta-enxertos ‘IAC 572’ e ‘IAC 766’. As videiras foram conduzidas no sistema espaldeira e irrigadas por microaspersores. Os valores de fc foram obtidos ao longo do ciclo da cultura e correlacionados à soma térmica diária (ST) por meio de modelos de regressão. Os coeficientes de cultivo (Kc), foram obtidos em função da fc com base no modelo de Allen e Pereira (2009). Para a cultivar BRS Carmem, os valores de fc em função de ST cresceram de forma contínua, segundo um modelo quadrático, enquanto que, para a cultivar Isabel Precoce, os dados se ajustaram melhor ao modelo de Mitscherlich, apresentando um rápido crescimento inicial e se estabilizando após 500 °C dia, aproximadamente. Os valores médios estimados de Kc para as cultivares Isabel Precoce e BRS Carmem foram iguais a 0,81 e 0,74, respectivamente. O modelo empregado nas avaliações permite a realização de estimativas dos valores de Kc para diferentes condições de cultivo.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:37:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-11-18 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield components and physicochemical characteristics of bunches and berries of new grape varieties for juice elaboration, which were ‘Isabel Precoce’ (Vitis labrusca L.) and the hybrids ‘BRS Carmem’ ‘BRS Cora’ and IAC 138-22 ‘Máximo’ grown onto ‘IAC 572’ and ‘IAC 766’ rootstocks under tropical conditions. The yield components (number of bunches and yield per vine, as well as productivity) and the physicochemical characteristics of the bunches and berries of the eight scion-rootstock combinations were evaluated in three seasons. All data were subjected to analysis of variance and principal components analysis. The varieties ‘Isabel Precoce’ ‘BRS Cora’ and IAC 138 22 ‘Máximo’ produced high fruit yield, with the number of bunches and yield per vine similar to one another and superior to those of ‘BRS Carmem’. Significant differences occurred among varieties in the physicochemical grape characteristics. ‘Isabel Precoce’ and ‘BRS Carmem’ grapes had balanced levels of sugar and acid content, and ‘BRS Cora’ presented large bunches and berries, reaching high soluble solids content despite the high acidity. IAC 138-22 ‘Máximo’ grape also had large bunches but small berries and limited potential in the accumulation of sugars. The ‘IAC 766’ rootstock resulted in the best performance across all four varieties evaluated, showing maximum results in terms of fruit yield and physicochemical quality attributes of grapes. São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agriculture, José Barbosa de Barros Street, nº 1780, 18.610-307 Instituto Agronômico (IAC) Centro APTA de Frutas, Luiz Pereira dos Santos Avenue, nº 1.500 São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agriculture, José Barbosa de Barros Street, nº 1780, 18.610-307 CNPq: 140211/2015-2 FAPESP: 2015/16440-5

The increase of rural tourism activities has led growers to use different grape cultivars for the production of wine and/or juice. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the phytotechnical characteristics of grapevines and physicochemical characteristics of grape must obtained for Bordô, Isabel Precoce, BRS Violeta, Isabel and Concord cultivars in different training systems: vertical shoot position; Y-shaped trellis and V-shaped trellis with double spur cordon. The experimental design was randomized blocks for comparison of cultivars within each training system and analysis of the main components for productivity variables was carried out. BRS Violeta cultivar showed higher bunch weight values regardless of training system. Bordô cultivar showed lower yield values and soluble solids content in comparison to other cultivars. Isabel and Isabel Precoce cultivars in the evaluated training systems showed higher soluble solids content. Principal component analysis allowed verifying that in Y-shaped trellis and V-shaped trellis with double spur cordon training systems, cultivars were related to higher yield.

The fruits of quinces are mostly used to produce food and functional products. Studies on this fruit have increased recently aiming to increase the use of quince fruit as industrial raw material. The present study aimed to evaluate ten different cultivars of quince grown in Sao Paulo state, Brazil, regarding weight, transverse and longitudinal diameter, skin and pulp color, firmness, pH, acidity, moisture, ash, starch, lipids, fiber and total sugars of fruits, aiming to provide important information to the industrial applicability. Significant differences were observed between the cultivars for the analyzed parameters. The relationship between transverse and longitudinal diameters of fruits showed mainly globular shape. Analyzing the firmness of the fruits’ pulp it was observed semi-hard pulp. The fruits analyzed were appropriate for consumption and have potential for application in industrial processing.

Seven species of Vitis L., V. champinii Planchon, V. cinerea (Engelm in Gray) Engelm, V. girdiana Munson, V. labrusca L., V. rotundifolia Michaux, V. rupestres Scheels and V. vinifera L. were studied with the purpose of complementing the karyomorphometric information for further comparative analyses. Based on ideograms and on chromosome measures obtained it was possible to see several differences among the species, which were enough to distinguish at least V. champinii and V. girdiana from the others as well as V. labrusca for the lowest measures and V. rotundifolia for the highest mean value of arm ratio. It seems that during the species diversification process the most crucial differences among them did not involve drastic changes in chromosome morphometry. RESUMO Sete espécies de Vitis L., V. champinii Planchon, V. cinerea (Engelm in Gray) Engelm, V. girdiana Munson, V. labrusca L., V. rotundifolia Michaux, V. rupestres Scheels e V. vinifera L. foram estudadas com o propósito de complementar as informações cariomorfométricas para posteriores análises comparativas. Baseado nos ideogramas e nas medidas cromossômicas obtidas foi possível distinguir pelo menos V. champinii e V. girdiana das demais espécies pelas maiores medidas, bem como V. labrusca pelas menores medidas e V. rotundifolia pelo maior valor médio da razão de braços. Parece que durante o processo de diversificação das espécies as diferenças mais cruciais entre elas não envolveram mudanças drásticas na morfometria cromossômica.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:26:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-03 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The current study aimed to evaluate the productive components and physicochemical traits of white and red grapes from hybrids and Vitis labrusca grafted on different rootstocks under Brazilian subtropical conditions. Red grapes varieties (‘Isabel’, ‘Bordô’, ‘IAC 138-22 Máximo’ and ‘BRS Violeta’) and white grapes varieties (‘IAC 116-31 Rainha’, ‘IAC 21-14 Madalena’ and ‘BRS Lorena’) were grafted on two rootstocks (‘IAC 766’ and ‘106-8 Mgt’) and therefore assessed during cultivation. The 14 scion-rootstock combinations were analysed during four consecutive harvests (from 2011 to 2014) for yield components (number of bunches, yield per vine, and productivity) and physicochemical traits of bunches and berries (fresh mass, length and width of bunchs, berries and rachis, soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity and maturity index of grape must). Results showed that ‘IAC 138-22 Máximo’ was the most productive hybrid, but also presented low soluble solids content and high titratable acidity. Regarding to white grapes varieties, ‘BRS Lorena’ performed the highest yield associated with high sugar content in grapes. Rootstocks influenced some grapevine traits, but with variations among the grape varieties. In general, in terms of yield and physicochemical characteristics of the grapes, the cultivars ‘IAC 138-22 Máximo’, ‘BRS Lorena’ and ‘Bordô’ presented better results grafted on ‘IAC 766’. In contrast, ‘Isabel’ and ‘IAC 116-31 Rainha’ were better combined with the ‘106-8 Mgt’. The ‘IAC 766’ and ‘106-8 Mgt’ resulted in similar performances in ‘BRS Violeta’ and ‘IAC 21-14 Madalena’, for that reason, both rootstocks may be recommended for these varieties. São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agriculture, Av. Universitária, nº 3780 Instituto Agronômico (IAC) Centro APTA de Frutas, Luiz Pereira dos Santos Avenue, nº 1.500 São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agriculture, Av. Universitária, nº 3780 FAPESP: 2011/03440-6 FAPESP: 2013/18913 FAPESP: 2015/16440-5

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-30T01:53:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:28:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-29452018000401001.pdf: 433126 bytes, checksum: e0a3ab9c2492c0a451d5d4517bbf60b2 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) In Brazil, the producers have changed used rootstocks to get more vigor to scion. Rootstocks change the distribution of bud fruitfulness over grapevine shoots and the expression of the bud fruitfulness into fruit yield. Hence, these modification could alter ideal pruning length. In this way, it was evaluated bud fruitfulness, fruit yield and quality of 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine grafted onto rootstocks: 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313', 'IAC 571-6', and 'Riparia do Traviu', which 'IAC 766' is the most used rootstock in Sao Paulo State, nowadays. The evaluations were performed over three crop seasons, in a vineyard located in Louveira, SP. Two evaluations were performed in Brazilian traditional season, and one crop pruning was performed in Brazilian summer, called off-season. In traditional seasons, the bud fruitfulness was evaluated from the first to fourth bud in 2014 and to the fifth in 2015. In the off-season, bud fruitfulness was evaluated from the fifth to eighth bud. Fruit yield and quality were also evaluated over the three production cycles. Bud fruitfulness of 'Niagara Rosada' grafted onto the evaluated rootstocks showed that this characteristic was more affected by the environmental conditions, confirmed due to alteration of bud fruitfulness through production cycles. Additionally, no effect of rootstock was observed on fruit yield, and quality of 'Niagara Rosada'. Only isolated variations were detected, and these are not enough to confirm the influence of rootstocks on scion of 'Niagara Rosada'. Although no effect of rootstocks on bud fruitfulness, fruit yield and quality has been observed in the evaluated conditions, all rootstocks are recommended to be used in combination with 'Niagara Rosada'. Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, Dept Ciencias Agr, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil Ctr APTA Frutas, Inst Agron, Jundiai, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2014/11207-8

Classifying vines regarding the number of days required to complete de productive cycle and the duration of intermediate phenologic phases are essential for genetic improvement programs, implementation of cultivation techniques and handling of the grape harvest. The objective of this study was to evaluate the access phenotypic divergence of grapes from the germplasm collection by the Agronomic Institute - IAC. Evaluations were performed for 4 years of production, from 2012 to 2015, when the plants were 4 years old. The training system applied the espalier, at a 2.0 x 1.0 m spacing between lines and plants, respectively. The IAC's grape germplasm collection comprised 110 varieties of the 'Vitis vinifera', 'Vitis labrusca' species and inter-specific hybrids grafted into the IAC 766 rootstocks, being 3 plants per each variety. After the pruning of the main vine phonologic phases, the number of days was evaluated using the scale proposed by Eichhorn and Lorenz. Two evaluations a week were carried out until the flowering, and afterwards one evaluation was performed a week, the period between pruning and the beginning of sprouting, full flowering with 50% flowers opened, beginning of maturation (veraison) and maturation (harvest), visually mature fruits and content of soluble solids above 14 degrees Brix. Multivariate analysis, such as the correlation between varieties, analysis of the main components (PCA) and methods of non-weighted arithmetic means (UPGMA) was applied to classify the phenotypes according to the productive cycle. A relation was found between the sprouting and the flowering phases, as well as the starting maturation and maturation. The first two components explained 81% of the total variability, being that the starting maturation and maturation were the best variables to study the divergence of vine phenotypes. Also, combining the UPGMA method and the PCA analysis that distinguished three groups, allowed us to divide the phenotypes into 25 processes, 75 median and 10 late varieties, according to their productive cycle. It was possible to conclude that the techniques used to study the genetic diversity applied to phenologic characters were effective to evaluate the vines phenotypic divergence, and therefore, the multivariate analysis may be used to guide future vine improvement programs.

An investigation in the microsporogenesis of two cultivars of grapes (Vitis L.), were carried out on ‘Niagara Branca’ and on its somatic mutant ‘Niagara Rosada’, aiming at ascertaining the normality of the microsporogenesis. Some possible changes have been checked on chromosome number in somatic cells, pollen size and fertility, stomatal size and frequency, which related to the somatic mutant ‘Niagara Rosada’, thus increasing the information already obtained regarding ‘Niagara’ grapevines. The microsporogenesis occurred normally in both cultivars and cytomixis observed only among pachytene cells. A low percentage of precocious chromosome segregation was noticed in metaphase I and II, as well as a very low percentage of laggard and stickiness chromosomes in anaphase I and II. Less than 1% of tetrads showed microspore alterations. The mean values of the meiotic index and pollen grain fertility were high. However, no association were observed between the occurrences of chromosome abnormalities and the variation in the anther number (five to seven) seen among flower buds. The cultivars showed the same chromosome number, n=19 at diakinesis and 2n=38 in somatic cells, and did not differ in regards to stomatal size and frequency. It seems that the difference between the cultivars lied at gene level. Due to the very low percentage of abnormalities and to high pollen grain fertility, the plants analyzed could be very well employed in breeding programs for the grapevines.

It has been demonstrated that rootstocks can influence grape characteristics, but there are few data in literature about the rootstocks influence in the wine characteristics, especially in wines elaborated with Vitis labrusca or hybrid grapes. This study evaluated the influence of ‘IAC 766’ and ‘106-8 Mgt’ rootstocks on the physicochemical characteristics of ‘Bordô’, ‘Isabel’ and ‘IAC 138-22 ‘Máximo’ musts and wines. The musts were evaluated for pH, soluble solids, total acidity and soluble solids/acidity ratio. The wines were evaluated for density, alcohol content; total, volatile and fixed acidity; pH, dry extract, reducing sugars, reduced dry extract, alcohol in weight/reduced dry extract; free and total sulfur dioxide; anthocyanins, polyphenols index (I 280); polyphenols and total flavonoids and antioxidant activity. The ‘Bordô’, ‘Isabel’ and IAC 138-22 ‘Máximo’ musts had low soluble solids for winemaking. The ‘106-8 Mgt’ rootstock promoted higher dry extract content and reduced dry extract in Bordô wine, and lower total and fixed acidity in IAC 138-22 Máximo wine. In Isabel wine, higher pH was promoted by the ‘IAC 766’ rootstock. Aside from low total acidity of the Bordô wine, all the physicochemical characteristics of the wines studied are in accordance with Brazilian law. There was no effect of rootstocks in the phenolics content and antioxidant activity of wines. RESUMO Tem sido demostrado que os porta-enxertos podem influenciar as características da uva, no entanto, há poucos dados na literatura sobre o efeito dos porta-enxertos nas características dos vinhos, especialmente quando elaborados com uvas Vitis labrusca ou híbridas. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência de porta-enxertos nas características físico-químicas dos mostos e vinhos Bordô, Isabel e IAC 138-22 Máximo. Foram utilizadas uvas ‘Bordô’, ‘Isabel’ e IAC 138-22 ‘Máximo’, enxertadas sobre os porta-enxertos ‘IAC 766’ e ‘106-8 Mgt’. Os mostos foram avaliados pelo pH, sólidos solúveis, acidez total e relação sólidos solúveis/acidez. Nos vinhos, avaliou-se: densidade, teor alcoólico, acidez total, volátil e fixa; pH, extrato seco, açúcares redutores, extrato seco reduzido, álcool em peso/extrato seco reduzido; dióxido de enxofre livre e total; antocianinas, índice de polifenóis (I 280); polifenóis e flavonoides totais e atividade antioxidante. Os mostos das uvas ‘Bordô’, ‘Isabel’ e IAC 138-22 ‘Máximo’ apresentaram baixos teores de sólidos solúveis para vinificação. O porta-enxerto ‘106-8 Mgt’ promoveu maior teor de extrato seco e extrato seco reduzido no vinho Bordô, e menor acidez total e fixa no vinho IAC 138-22 Máximo. No vinho Isabel, maior pH foi promovido pelo porta-enxerto ‘IAC 766’. Com exceção da baixa acidez total do vinho Bordô, todas as características físico-químicas dos vinhos estudados estão de acordo com a legislação brasileira. Não houve efeito dos porta-enxertos nos teores de compostos fenólicos e na atividade antioxidante dos vinhos.

RESUMO: O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de dois porta-enxertos sobre o desenvolvimento vegetativo e as tensoes da agua no solo em videiras destinadas a elaboracao de suco, sob condicoes irrigadas. As avaliacoes foram realizadas de agosto a dezembro de 2015 no municipio de Votuporanga (SP), com a cultivar Isabel Precoce enxertada sobre os portaenxertos ?IAC 572? e ?IAC 766?. As plantas foram sustentadas no sistema espaldeira e irrigadas por microaspersores. Tensiometros foram instalados a 0,10 m e 0,30 m de profundidade, para monitorar as tensoes da agua no solo. Foram determinados os indices de area foliar, a altura da copa e a porcentagem da area sombreada das videiras. As tensoes da agua no solo apresentaram comportamento semelhante nos dois porta-enxertos. Nao foram observadas diferencas significativas entre as variaveis de crescimento vegetativo nas videiras. Concluiu-se que os porta-enxertos ?IAC 572? e ?IAC 766? nao afetaram o desenvolvimento vegetativo e as tensoes da agua no solo para a cultivar Isabel Precoce, em condicoes irrigadas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: viticultura, irrigacao, evapotranspiracao

The objective of this work was to evaluate five varieties of white grapes destined to winemaking, grafted on the two main rootstocks used in viticulture in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 'IAC 766 Campinas' and 'IAC 572 Jales'. The experiment was performed on the experimental area of Centro APTA de Frutas in the Jundiai city, Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plot with five replications, the plots represented by varieties and subplots by rootstocks. We evaluated the number of days to budding (NDB), number of days to flowering (NDF) and number of days to maturation (NDM), productivity (Prod) (ton.ha−1 ), content of soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and maturation index (MI). There was no difference between rootstocks, and there was interaction among rootstocks and varieties for SS and TA. The varieties did not show significant differences for yield, but there was a significant difference for the other variables. We can concluded that among the assessed varieties on both rootstocks, in Jundiai / SP, the variety SR 501-17 distinguished itself due to its precocity, productivity and chemical quality of the must.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-02T12:39:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-05-01Bitstream added on 2015-02-02T13:07:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2014000500340.pdf: 477537 bytes, checksum: f0b9064715dbfb93b702404fcc0b775d (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de porta-enxertos e épocas de poda na produtividade e no teor e na extração de nutrientes por ramos removidos pela poda e pelos cachos na colheita da videira 'Niagara Rosada', em clima subtropical. Foram avaliados os porta-enxertos 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313', 'IAC 571-6' e '106-8 Mgt'. Os tratamentos consistiram de combinação de cinco porta-enxertos e três épocas de poda. Na ocasião da poda, avaliaram-se a massa de matéria fresca e seca dos ramos para estimar o acúmulo de biomassa. Na colheita, estimou-se a produtividade pela pesagem dos cachos por planta. Amostraram-se ramos e cachos na ocasião da poda e no momento da colheita, respectivamente, para análise dos teores de nutrientes. O teor de nutrientes e a massa de matéria seca dos ramos e dos cachos foram utilizados para estimar a extração total de nutrientes. A videira 'Niagara Rosada' enxertada no porta-enxerto 'IAC 572' apresentou maior produtividade e massa de matéria seca dos cachos, as quais diferiram significativamente das observadas em 'Niagara Rosada'/'IAC 313'. 'Niagara Rosada' enxertada sobre o porta-enxerto 'IAC 572' extraiu maior quantidade de K, P, Mg, S, Cu e Fe, tendo diferido de 'IAC 313' e 'IAC 766' na extração de K e P, e de '106-8 Mgt' na extração de Mg e S. As podas de inverno resultam em maior produtividade, acúmulo de matéria seca nos ramos, teor e extração total de nutrientes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of rootstocks and pruning times on yield and on nutrient content and extraction by pruned branches and harvested bunches of 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine in subtropical climate. The rootstocks 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313', 'IAC 571-6', and '106-8 Mgt' were evaluated. Treatments consisted of a combination between five rootstocks and three pruning times. At pruning, fresh and dry matter mass of branches were evaluated to estimate biomass accumulation. At harvest, yield was estimated by weighing of bunches per plant. Branches and bunches were sampled at pruning and at harvest, respectively, for nutrient content analysis. Nutrient content and dry matter mass of branches and bunches were used to estimate total nutrient extraction. 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine grafted onto the 'IAC 572' rootstock had the highest yield and dry matter mass of bunches, which were significantly different from the ones observed in 'Niagara Rosada'/'IAC 313'. 'Niagara Rosada' grafted onto the 'IAC 572' rootstock extracted the largest quantity of K, P, Mg, S, Cu, and Fe, differing from 'IAC 313' and 'IAC 766' in K and P extraction, and from '106-8 Mgt' in Mg and S extraction. Winter pruning results in higher yield, dry matter accumulation by branches, and total nutrient content and extraction. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Horticultura Instituto Agronômico Centro de Frutas IAC Centro de Solos e Recursos Ambientais Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Horticultura

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-01T13:08:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-12-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:04:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-29452013000400019.pdf: 328385 bytes, checksum: 851d008d618d5b1792b8531739da87c5 (MD5) Avaliaram-se a influência dos porta-enxertos 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313', 'IAC 571-6' e 'Ripária do Traviú' e da época de poda na duração dos estádios fenológicos e no acúmulo de graus-dia pela videira 'Niagara Rosada'. O experimento foi realizado em Louveira-SP. Os tratamentos consistiram na combinação de cinco porta-enxertos e três épocas de poda, sendo utilizado o delineamento experimental em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas e cinco repetições, sendo as parcelas representadas pelos porta-enxertos,e as subparcelas, pelas épocas de poda. Após a poda da videira, foram realizadas avaliações dos estádios fenológicos, utilizando-se do critério de Eichhon e Lorenz (1984). Nas três épocas de poda, baseado nos estádios fenológicos, calculou-se a duração dos períodos: poda ao início da brotação; poda ao pleno florescimento; poda ao início da frutificação; poda ao início da maturação dos cachos, e poda à colheita. Tomando-se por base a duração do ciclo da videira e as temperaturas médias diárias, calculou-se o acúmulo de graus-dia. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste Tukey, a 5% de significância. Obteve-se, na poda de verão, redução na duração dos estádios fenológicos da videira 'Niagara Rosada' enxertada sobre o porta-enxerto 'Ripária do Traviú. A maior duração do ciclo e do acúmulo de graus-dia da cultivar Niagara Rosada foi obtida com os porta-enxertos 'IAC 572' e 'IAC 313' nas podas de inverno. It was evaluated the influence of rootstocks 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313', 'IAC 571-6' and 'Ripária do Traviú' and the pruning periods in the duration of phenological stages and in the accumulation of degree-days on grape 'Niagara Rosada' .The experiment was conducted in Louveira, SP. The treatments consisted of five rootstocks and three times of pruning, the experimental design being used in a completely randomized split plot with five replications, and plots represented by rootstocks and the subplots were pruning. After pruning the grapevine, were realized evaluations for phenological stages, using the criterion of Eichhon e Lorenz (1984). ). In three seasons of pruning, based on phenological stages, it was calculated the length of the periods: pruning to budding, pruning to the beginning of the flowering, pruning to the beginning of fruiting, pruning to beginning of ripening of the bunches, pruning the beginning of the harvest. Taking as a basis the cycle length of the vine and the average daytime temperatures, it was calculated the accumulation of degree-days. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test at 5% significance level. It was obtained in the summer pruning the reduction in duration of the phenological stages of 'Niagara Rosada' grafted on the rootstock 'Ripária Traviú'. The longer duration of the cycle and accumulation of degree-day of 'Niagara Rosada' cultivar were obtained with the rootstocks 'IAC 572' and 'IAC 313' pruning in the winter. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências agronômicas Departamento de Horticultura Instituto Agronômico de Campinas Centro APTA Frutas Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências agronômicas Departamento de Horticultura

ResumoRealizou-se nos municípios de Jundiaí, São Miguel Arcanjo e Jales, no estado de São Paulo, levantamento das características química do solo em 93 vinhedos de ‘Niagara Rosada’. Coletaram-se amostras de solo, na linha e na entrelinha de plantio, entre 0-20 e 20-40 cm de profundidade, para as análises das seguintes características químicas: pH em CaCl2, matéria orgânica, P, K, Ca, Mg, H+Al, SB, CTC, V%, B, Cu, Zn, Fe e Mn. Os vinhedos amostrados foram agrupados em função da região de estudo. Constatou-se que os maiores teores de nutrientes no solo foram encontrados nas amostras realizadas na entrelinha de plantio, à profundidade entre 0-20 cm. Nessas amostras, encontraram-se teores bastantes elevados de P, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn, devendo-se ao excesso de calagem e adubação, não levando-se em consideração os resultados das analises químicas do solo. As produtividades dos vinhedos não se correlacionaram com os resultados das análises químicas do solo.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência dos porta-enxertos 'IAC 766 Campinas' e '106-8 Mgt Ripária do Traviú' sobre as características físico-químicas do mosto e do vinho das uvas 'IAC 116-31 Rainha', 'IAC 21-14 Madalena' e 'BRS Lorena'. O mosto das uvas foi avaliado quanto ao pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez total (AT) e relação SS/AT. No vinho, realizaram-se as seguintes análises físico-químicas: densidade, teor alcoólico; acidez total, volátil e fixa; pH; extrato seco; açúcares redutores; extrato seco reduzido; álcool em peso/extrato seco reduzido; dióxido de enxofre livre e total; índice de polifenóis totais (I 280), polifenóis totais, flavonoides; e atividade antioxidante. As características do mosto da 'IAC 21-14 Madalena' não foram influenciadas pelos porta-enxertos, no entanto, o porta-enxerto 'IAC 766 Campinas' promoveu maior SS/AT no mosto da 'IAC 116-31 Rainha' e menor SS/AT no da 'BRS Lorena. Os porta-enxertos 'IAC 766 Campinas' e '106-8 Mgt Ripária do Traviú' influenciaram o pH e o teor alcoólico do vinho da 'IAC 116-31 Rainha', o extrato seco do vinho da 'IAC 21-14 Madalena' e a acidez fixa do vinho da 'BRS Lorena'. Não houve influência dos porta-enxertos sobre os compostos fenólicos e a atividade antioxidante dos vinhos. Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the rootstocks 'IAC 766 Campinas' and '106-8 Mgt Ripária do Traviú' on the physicochemical characteristics of must and wine of the 'IAC 116-31 Rainha', 'IAC 21-14 Madalena', and 'BRS Lorena' grapevines. Grape must was evaluated for pH, soluble solids (SS), total acidity (TA), and SS/TA ratio. In wine, the following physicochemical analyses were performed: density, alcohol content; total, volatile, and fixed acidity; pH; dry extract; reducing sugars; reduced dry extract; alcohol in weight/reduced dry extract; free and total sulfur dioxide; total polyphenol index (I 280); total polyphenols; flavonoids; and antioxidant activity. Must characteristics of 'IAC 21-14 Madalena' were not affected by rootstocks; however, the 'IAC 766 Campinas' rootstock promoted higher SS/TA in 'IAC 116-31 Rainha' must and lower SS/TA in 'BRS Lorena' must. The 'IAC 766 Campinas' and '106-8 Mgt Ripária do Traviú' rootstocks influenced pH and alcohol content of 'IAC 116-31 Rainha' wine, the dry extract of 'IAC 21-14 Madalena' wine, and the fixed acidity of 'BRS Lorena' wine. There was no influence of the rootstocks on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of wines.

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência dos porta-enxertos 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313' e 'IAC 571-6' na duração dos estádios fenológicos e no acúmulo de graus- dia pela videira 'Niagara Rosada', cultivada em Votuporanga-SP. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas, cinco repetições, sendo as parcelas representadas pelos porta-enxertos, e as subparcelas, pelos dois ciclos de produção. Após a poda da videira, foram realizadas avaliações dos estádios fenológicos, utilizando-se do critério de Eichhon e Lorenz (1984). Baseado nos estádios fenológicos, calculou-se a duração dos períodos: poda ao início da brotação; poda ao início do florescimento; poda ao início da frutificação; poda ao início da maturação dos cachos; poda ao início da colheita. Tomando-se por base a duração do ciclo da videira e as temperaturas médias diárias, calculou-se o acúmulo de graus-dia. Obteve-se maior duração do ciclo e do acúmulo de graus-dia da cultivar Niagara Rosada com os porta-enxertos 'IAC 572' e 'IAC 571-6', e a menor, com o porta-enxerto 'IAC 766'. Evidenciou-se a influência do clima na duração dos estádios fenológicos da videira.

The objective was to evaluate the influence of rootstocks 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313' and 'IAC 571-6' on nutrient extraction by the branches removed by pruning, and bunches harvesting of 'Niagara Rosada', grown in Votuporanga, Sao Paulo state, Brazil. Pruning was done in 08/18/2009, when fresh and dry mass of branches were evaluated, aiming to estimate the biomass accumulation in the branches of the vine. At the harvest, the yield was estimated by the weight of clusters/plant and the number of plants/ha. Samples of branches and clusters were submitted to chemical analyses of nutrients and, based on the accumulation of dry mass of branches and the yield the extraction of nutrients was estimated. We observed for rootstock 'IAC 572' the higher extraction of nutrients by the branches. Referring to the extraction of nutrients by the clusters, we observed a higher extraction for the 'IAC 766'. The differential extraction of nutrients by 'Niagara Rosada' depending on the rootstock, can serve as a basis for the fertilization of the vineyards.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T17:56:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:13:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:31:02Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:31:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-01 A nutritional survey was carried out in 93 vineyards of the wine regions of Jundiai, Sao Miguel Arcanjo and Jales (state of São Paulo-Brazil), aiming to compare the nutrient concentration in leaf samples, the concentration of nitrate and potassium in the petiole sap and the relative chlorophyll index (IRC) of 'Niagara Rosada' vineyard. Leaves, blade and petiole in full bloom vines were sampled in 20 plants selected from each vineyard, and evaluations of the IRC in the leaf blade and the levels of NO3-and K in the petioles sap were realized. Macro and micronutrients concentrations were measured in leaf samples. The sampled vineyards were grouped by region of study, and each vineyard was considered as a replicate sample, totaling 45, 24 and 24 repetitions, in Jundiai, Sao Miguel Arcanjo and Jales, respectively. Sampled vineyards from the Jales region showed higher leaf concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe and Mn, and also higher IRC and levels of nitrate and potassium in the petiole. These differences were related to the different rootstocks used, which were 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572' and 'Riparia of Traviu', respectively, for Jundiai, Jales and Sao Miguel Arcanjo. The differences highlight the need to adjust the concentration ranges of nutrients in leaf analysis, through regional trials, taking into account the rootstock and the region under study. Ctr APTA Frutas, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, BR-13214820 Jundiai, SP, Brazil Ctr Solos & Recursos Ambientais, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, BR-13020902 Campinas, SP, Brazil UNESP, Fac Engn Ilha Solteira, BR-15385000 Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil UNESP, Fac Engn Ilha Solteira, BR-15385000 Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil

O objetivo do trabalho foi relacionar a diversidade genética medida a partir de três diferentes marcadores moleculares, com a variação genética quantitativa de caracteres poligênicos, estimada em ensaio de progênies, sob condições controladas. As progênies, oriundas de dez subpopulações naturais de cagaiteira do sudeste de Goiás, foram avaliadas em experimento em blocos completos casualizados, com quatro repetições e uma planta por parcela. Foram estimadas a herdabilidade ao nível de média de progênies (h mi ²) e o coeficiente de variação genética (CVgi) de cada subpopulação para a altura da planta e o diâmetro do fuste, por quatro anos, bem como para as respectivas taxas de crescimento. Estimativas da diversidade gênica (Hei) e do índice de fixação (f i) foram obtidas com dados de marcadores codominantes e dominantes. Correlação linear e regressão múltipla foram usadas para inferir sobre a associação entre a divergência quantitativa e molecular nos níveis intra e interpopulacional, A fraca correlação entre as medidas de divergência obtidas com marcadores moleculares dominantes e codominantes reduziu a expectativa de correlação positiva entre essas medidas e a diversidade quantitativa. Em geral, não foi confirmada a possibilidade de usar com segurança medidas de divergência molecular intrapopulacional para inferir a variação genética de caracteres quantitativos no nível de precisão que prevaleceu. Com o marcador baseado em maior número de locos (RAPD), verificou-se a possibilidade de uma inferência desse tipo. Em nível interpopulacional, encontrou-se associação mais pronunciada entre a divergência molecular e a quantitativa. This research aimed to measure the association between molecular diversity and the genetic variation of quantitative traits, estimated from a progeny trial, under controlled conditions. Ten natural subpopulations of cagaita tree from the southeast of Goiás State, Brazil, were investigated. The maternal families were evaluated in a trail using the randomized complete block design with four replications and a single tree per plot. Quantitative data were analyzed estimating the coefficient of heritability (h mi² ), on a progeny mean basis and the genetic coefficient of variation (CVgi) for each subpopulation. The traits considered were: plant height and the respective diameter and the corresponding annual rates of increment. Estimates of gene diversity (Hei) and fixation index (f i), available for the same subpopulations, based on isozymes, SSR and RAPD markers, were taken for comparison. Simple linear correlation and multiple regression analysis were used for measuring the association between those estimates on intra and interpopulation level. The weak correlation between gene diversity estimated with codominant and dominant markers reduced the expectation of a good correlation between those statistics and the genetic variation of the quantitative traits. In general, the possibility to infer the magnitude of quantitative variation within subpopulations, based on molecular gene diversity, was not confirmed. RAPD results were more promising, indicating the importance to have an adequate genomic coverage in this kind of research. On the other hand, the interpopulation level, a much better association was detected for all markers. The possibility of predicting quantitative variation based on molecular information was, therefore, not excluded.

O trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito de doses crescentes do forchlorfenuron associado ou não ao ácido giberélico sobre componentes físico-químicos da uva 'Centennial Seedless' para consumo in natura. Os tratamentos testados foram ácido giberélico (AG3) (0 e 5mg L-1) associado ao forchlorfenuron (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 e 10mg L-1). As variáveis analisadas foram a massa, o comprimento e a largura dos cachos, das bagas e dos engaços, o teor de sólidos solúveis, o pH, a acidez titulável e a relação sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável (SS/AT). O experimento foi conduzido em vinhedo localizado no município de São Miguel Arcanjo, no sudoeste do Estado de São Paulo, sendo os reguladores vegetais aplicados aos 15 dias após o pleno florescimento, mediante pulverização direcionada ao cacho. A interação entre a dose estimada de 5mg L-1 de forchlorfenuron associada ao AG3 proporcionou os maiores ganhos na massa e na largura das bagas, e as doses estimadas de 4 e 6,5mg L-1 de forchlorfenuron, associadas ao AG3, proporcionaram os menores teores de sólidos solúveis e a relação SS/AT, respectivamente. O tratamento com o uso de AG3 resultou em ganhos no diâmetro dos pedicelos e na massa dos cachos, das bagas e dos engaços, além de incrementar o comprimento e a largura das bagas. The objective of present research was to evaluate the effects of increasing doses of forchlorfenuron associated, or not, to gibberellic acid on physical and chemical components of the ´Centennial Seedless' grapes. The treatments were gibberellic acid (GA3) (0 and 5mg L-1) associated with forchlorfenuron (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10mg L-1). The variables were mass, width and length of bunches, berries and rachis, total soluble solids, pH, acidity and total ratio soluble solids/titratable acidity (SS/TA). The experiment was conducted in a vineyard located in the municipality of São Miguel Arcanjo, southwest of São Paulo State, and the regulators were applied at 15 days after full bloom by spraying the bunch. The interaction of the estimated dose of 5mg L-1 forchlorfenuron associated with GA3, provided increases on the mass and width of the berries, and the estimated doses of 4 and 6.5mg L-1 of forchlorfenuron associated with GA3, showed the lowest soluble solids and ratio SS/TA, respectively. The treatment with GA3 resulted in gains in the diameter of the pedicels, mass of bunches, berries and rachis, and increasing the length and width of berries.

Com a finalidade de reduzir as perdas ocasionadas pela degrana e podridões na pós-colheita de uva 'Niagara Rosada', foram realizados em 2005, em vinhedos localizados nos municípios de Jales e Louveira, São Paulo-Brasil, experimentos utilizando-se de cinco concentrações de cloreto de cálcio (CaCl2) a 0; 5; 10; 15 e 20 g.L-1, com ou sem a aplicação de 100 mg.L-1 de ácido naftalenoacético (ANA). Com base nos resultados obtidos, realizou-se, em 2006, experimento com quatro concentrações de ANA a 0; 50; 100 e 150 mg L-1, associadas ou não a 10 g.L-1 de CaCl2. As aplicações do ANA foram realizadas um dia antes da colheita, e a do CaCl2, no início da maturação das bagas. Após a colheita, avaliaram-se o teor de sólidos solúveis, a acidez titulável, o pH, a degrana e a incidência de podridões. Os cachos provenientes dos diferentes tratamentos foram armazenados sob condição ambiente a 25ºC/70% UR, por 5 dias, e sob refrigeração a 1ºC/85% UR, por 21 dias, seguido por transferência para condição ambiente por mais 5 dias, sendo avaliadas após esses períodos as mesmas variáveis. O ANA foi eficiente na redução da degrana e da incidência de podridões nos cachos, principalmente após acondicionamento dos mesmos sob condição ambiente, sendo a concentração de 150 mg.L-1 a mais efetiva. Os tratamentos promoveram poucas alterações nos teores de sólidos solúveis, pH e acidez titulável. It was evaluated the effect of the use of CaCl2 and NAA on 'Niagara Rosada' grapes in order to reduce postharvest losses caused by rot and drop of berries. The experiments were carried out in vineyards in Jales and Louveira, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2005 and 2006. In 2005 the effects of five concentrations of CaCl2 (0; 5; 10; 15, and 20 g.L-1) with and without the use of 100 mg.L-1 of NAA were evaluated. Based on those results, in 2006 another experiment was carried out in which the use of four concentrations of NAA (0; 50, 100, and 150 mg.L-1), with and without the use of 10g L-1 CaCl2 were tested. The different concentrations of NAA were applied the day before harvest; meanwhile CaCl2 was applied at the beginning of the berry ripening. Right after harvest, the grapes were evaluated for total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, percentage of abscission post-harvest and decay incidence. The grapes of the different treatments were stored under two conditions: 25ºC/70% RH for 5 days and at 1ºC /85% RH for 21 days followed by storage at 25ºC/70% RH for 5 more days. At the end of each storage period, the grapes were evaluated for the same variables. The results indicate that application of NAA was effective in reducing the percentage of drop berries and the incidence of decay, mainly in those fruits stored at 25ºC/70% RH, being the concentration of 150 mg.L-1 the most effective. The treatments did not cause significant differences on total soluble solids, pH, and titratable acidity.

O trabalho objetivou verificar o comportamento de Linhagens Endogâmicas Recombinantes (RIL's - Recombinant Imbred Lines), obtidas do cruzamento entre Hartwig (genitor resistente) e EMGOPA-316 (genitor suscetível) em relação à resistência ao nematóide de cisto da soja - NCS (raça 1) e a estimação de parâmetros genéticos e de progressos de seleção como implicação no melhoramento de plantas. Os parâmetros envolveram o índice de fêmeas (IF) obtido na avaliação de 176 linhagens F6 de soja quanto à resistência ao NCS. Avaliaram-se os genótipos quanto à resposta ao NCS em casa de vegetação e calcularam-se as médias dos IF dos genótipos avaliados. Posteriormente, foram realizadas a distribuição de freqüência e a análise de variância e, então, estimado o número de locos segregantes envolvidos na resistência das linhagens ao NCS (raça 1). Estimou-se o progresso de seleção (i = -2,154) entre as linhagens avaliadas (com diferentes números de repetições), bem como a herdabilidade em nível de média (h²). Assim conclui-se que: a) A distribuição de normalidade das médias dos IF, bem como a estimativa da herdabilidade e a estimativa do número de locos segregantes indicam que a resposta das linhagens ao NCS (raça 1) tem caráter de herança poligênica; b) Foram encontradas linhagens promissoras para resistência ao NCS, porém, como este é de difícil avaliação recomenda-se utilizar maior número de linhagens F6 na avaliação fenotípica e maior número de repetições para avaliação da reação ao NCS; c) A necessidade de se fazer correção para efeitos macroambientais aumentou o erro das estimativas. This study aimed at verify the behavior of Recombinant Inbreed Lines, resulting of a cross between Hartwig (resistant parental) and EMGOPA-316 (susceptible parental) to NCS soybean nematode (race 1) and to estimate genetic parameters and those of selection progress. Estimated parameters used the mean female index (IF) obtained through the evaluation of 176 F6 lines for NCS resistance. The genotypes were evaluated in greenhouse. The frequency distribution and the variance analyses were performed to estimate the number of segregating loci involved in the resistance to NCS. The selection progress was estimated (i = -2,154) among the lines evaluated using different numbers of repetitions, as well the herdability (h²). It was concluded that: a) The normality distribution of the average IF, as well the estimated herdability and the number o segregation loci indicated the resistance to NCS (race 1) is poligenic; b) Promising NCS resistant lines were found. However, as the resistance test is difficult a larger number of F6 lines and a larger number of repetitions should be evaluated; c) The necessity of correction due to macroenvironment effects increased the bias of the estimatives.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar 69 genótipos de soja com diferentes ciclos de maturação em diferentes ambientes nos Estados de Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul utilizando o método de regressão não-linear proposto por TOLER (1990). O método propõe enquadrar os genótipos em cinco grupos, conforme o padrão de resposta A, B, C, D e E. Verificou-se que nas estimativas de qualidade ambiental houve diferenças em seus valores, permitindo inferir sobre os piores e melhores ambientes, Pedra Preta foi detectado como ambiente de melhor qualidade, com a maior estimativa, o que contribui para o aumento da média geral de ambientes. Ao classificar os genótipos com base na produtividade e no padrão de resposta verificou-se que genótipos com padrão de resposta duplamente desejável (grupo A, padrão convexo), atingiram produtividade alta com destaque para a linhagem FMT-42313 de ciclo precoce. Os genótipos de padrão E (padrão côncavo) não atingiram patamares satisfatórios de produtividade média como MSOY-8550 e Crixás. A produtividade dos genótipos com padrão de resposta unissegmentado (B, C e D) foi variável, sendo a maioria enquadrados no grupo C, com resposta linear simples não desviando da resposta média dos ambientes, destacando-se a cultivar Conquista, com produtividade média e pouca variabilidade quando cultivada em ambientes distintos. O método proporciona vantagens estatísticas para a pesquisa sobre adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de soja, uma vez que discrimina esses materiais de base genética estreita em grupos de genótipos com diferentes padrões de resposta.The objective of this work was to evaluate 69 soybean genotypes with different maturation cycles in different environments at Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul States in Brazil using the non-linear regression method of TOLER (1990). This methodology considers the fiting the genotypes in five groups, according to the response pattern A, B, C, D and E. It was observed that the environmental quality estimates had different values, allowing for inferences of worse and better environments. Pedra Preta was the best quality environment, having the greater estimative, that contributed to the increase of the general environment mean. The classification based on yield and on the response pattern showed that genotypes with double desirable response pattern (group A, convex pattern), presented high yield, mainly in the line early cycle FMT-42313. The pattern E genotypes (concave pattern) did not show satisfactory levels of mean yield as MSOY-8550 and Crixás. The response pattern of monosegmented genotypes (B, C and D) showed variable yield, being most of them clustered in group C, having a simple linear response that did not differ greatly from the mean response of the environments. Conquista cultivar had average yield and low variability in distinct environments. The methodology has statistic advantages for the analysis of adaptability and stability among soybean genotypes, since it discriminate genotypes with narrow genetic base in to groups with different response pattern.

O trabalho objetivou verificar o comportamento de Linhagens Endogâmicas Recombinantes (RIL's - Recombinant Imbred Lines), obtidas do cruzamento entre Hartwig (genitor resistente) e EMGOPA-316 (genitor suscetível) em relação à resistência ao nematóide de cisto da soja - NCS (raça 1) e a estimação de parâmetros genéticos e de progressos de seleção como implicação no melhoramento de plantas. Os parâmetros envolveram o índice de fêmeas (IF) obtido na avaliação de 176 linhagens F6 de soja quanto à resistência ao NCS. Avaliaram-se os genótipos quanto à resposta ao NCS em casa de vegetação e calcularam-se as médias dos IF dos genótipos avaliados. Posteriormente, foram realizadas a distribuição de freqüência e a análise de variância e, então, estimado o número de locos segregantes envolvidos na resistência das linhagens ao NCS (raça 1). Estimou-se o progresso de seleção (i = -2,154) entre as linhagens avaliadas (com diferentes números de repetições), bem como a herdabilidade em nível de média (h²). Assim conclui-se que: a) A distribuição de normalidade das médias dos IF, bem como a estimativa da herdabilidade e a estimativa do número de locos segregantes indicam que a resposta das linhagens ao NCS (raça 1) tem caráter de herança poligênica; b) Foram encontradas linhagens promissoras para resistência ao NCS, porém, como este é de difícil avaliação recomenda-se utilizar maior número de linhagens F6 na avaliação fenotípica e maior número de repetições para avaliação da reação ao NCS; c) A necessidade de se fazer correção para efeitos macroambientais aumentou o erro das estimativas.This study aimed at verify the behavior of Recombinant Inbreed Lines, resulting of a cross between Hartwig (resistant parental) and EMGOPA-316 (susceptible parental) to NCS soybean nematode (race 1) and to estimate genetic parameters and those of selection progress. Estimated parameters used the mean female index (IF) obtained through the evaluation of 176 F6 lines for NCS resistance. The genotypes were evaluated in greenhouse. The frequency distribution and the variance analyses were performed to estimate the number of segregating loci involved in the resistance to NCS. The selection progress was estimated (i = -2,154) among the lines evaluated using different numbers of repetitions, as well the herdability (h²). It was concluded that: a) The normality distribution of the average IF, as well the estimated herdability and the number o segregation loci indicated the resistance to NCS (race 1) is poligenic; b) Promising NCS resistant lines were found. However, as the resistance test is difficult a larger number of F6 lines and a larger number of repetitions should be evaluated; c) The necessity of correction due to macroenvironment effects increased the bias of the estimatives.

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o enraizamento, a brotação e o desenvolvimento de raízes de diferentes porta-enxertos de videira em condições de campo. Estacas lenhosas dos porta-enxertos '420 A', 'Golia', '5C', '8B', 'RR101-14', 'SO4', '99R', 'Kober 5BB', 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 571-6', 'Ripária do Traviú' e 'Rupestris du Lot' foram colocadas em canteiro de terra, sem tratamento prévio. O delineamento foi em blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições e vinte estacas por parcela, com as estacas dispostas em espaçamento de 12 x 5cm. As estacas foram colocadas para enraizar no início de julho e removidas no final de setembro para as avaliações. A porcentagem de estacas enraizadas variou de 79% para 'Ripária do Traviú' a 99% para o 'RR101-14'. Quanto à brotação, o 'Ripária do Traviú' apresentou 47%, 'IAC 571-6', 'IAC 572', '420 A', 'Rupestris du Lot', 'Kober', 'IAC 766', '8B', '5C', apresentaram de 76 a 89% e 'Golia', 'SO4', '99R' e 'RR 101-14' mais de 90%. 'IAC 572' e 'IAC 571-6' apresentaram o menor número de raízes por estaca, no entanto, foram as que apresentaram raízes mais desenvolvidas, seguidas pelo '5C' e 'Rupestris du Lot'. 'Kober 5BB' e 'Ripária do Traviú' apresentaram as raízes menos desenvolvidas. As demais variedades apresentaram valores intermediários. Concluiu-se que, entre todos os porta-enxertos, o 'Ripária do Traviú' apresentou os menores índices de enraizamento e brotação das estacas, nas condições de campo.

Introduction . In Sao Paulo State in Brazil, there is a demand for pear tree varieties that present fruit complementary characteristics and high adaptation for a subtropical-tropical climate. Thus, our study aimed at evaluating variety selections with better fruit quality and mainly adapted to the different areas of the Sao Paulo State. Materials and methods . Crosses among Asian [Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai] and European (P. communis L.) pear cultivars were made in Brazil from 1992 to 1998 aiming at finding new pear types for subtropical areas of the country. The first interspecific hybrids of the IAC pear breeding program were planted in various regions of Sao Paulo State, at latitudes from 21° 11’ S to 24° 11’ S and (11 to 200) chilling units (CU). About 20 phenological characteristics were evaluated. The hybrids and their parents were genetically characterized through RAPD markers. Results and discussion . In the progeny of ‘Okusankichi’ × ‘D'agua’, the mean age for the first bearing and fruit development period (FDP) were 3.8 years and 137 days, respectively. The fruit characters early ripening, rounded shape, russet-brown skin and crisp flesh were dominant in all crosses of Asian × Asian and Asian × European pear trees. Twenty-six hybrids were selected, of which twelve are still being tested in a subtropical-tropical climate (0–80 CU). Their main characteristics are fruit with rounded, oblate, oblong or pyriform shapes, russet-brown or green skin, and crisp or soft flesh, and plants with medium-high vigor, an upright-spreading form and a fruit development period of from (110 to 160) days. Conclusion . The precocity of hybrids is highly dependent on the parental characteristics and the environmental conditions. A fruit development period close to that of the earliest parent was obtained. In F1 generations from crossings among Asian and European pears, certain characteristics were dominant. The RAPD analysis was efficient at identifying cultivar genotypes, selections and hybrids of pear from different botanical groups.

RESUMOSão apresentadas normas DRIS preliminares e derivados níveis críticos de nutrientes no tecido foliar (NC) para a videira ‘NiagaraRosada’ enxertada sobre o porta-enxerto ‘IAC 766’, nas condições de cultivo da região de Jundiaí-SP. As normas DRIS e os NCs foram obtidos a partir de um banco de dados com 116 registros, relacionando produtividade e teores foliares de N, P, K, Ca e Mg das videiras. Esses registros foram obtidos em experimentos de adubação e em um levantamento do estado nutricional de videiras realizados na região de Jundiaí, durante quatro ciclos de produção. Os registros foram separados em duas subpopulações: alto (>26 t/ha), e baixo rendimento (26 t/ha) and low-yielding (

The magnitude of the interaction G x S was measured by different biometric techniques to draw inferences on improvement strategies for soybean. Twenty-five highly homozygotic (F 9:2 ) soybean lines were evaluated in three sowing periods. The trials were set up in randomized complete blocks with three replications. The controls IAC-100, OCEPAR-4, MTBR-45, and EMGOPA-313 were used. Number of days to flowering and to maturity, grain filling period, stained seeds, weight of a hundred see ds and the grain yield (GY) were evaluated. The complex part was predominant in the partition of this interaction. In relation to selection gain for GY a mean reduction of 10% is expected in comparison to a selection realized in period 2 only with specific selections per period, admitting a selection intensity of 40%. A reduction of 28% is expected under a selection intensity of 20 %. The selection of more generalist genotypes is possible, although it leads to losses in mean terms.

This study aimed to select productive soybean genotypes, adapted to the conditions of the “Cerrado” and with insect resistance. The experimental material involved 170 soybeans lines F 7:2 obtained from partial diallel crosses (4 x 4), that is, four parents with insect resistance and four other parents with high agronomic performance and the other three lines obtained from the plant breeding program of the ESALQ/USP. The F 7 , F 8 and F 9 generations were evaluated in Goiânia-GO, being the last one evaluated during three different sowing periods (October/21/98, November/09/98 and December/11/98). The following characters were evaluated: days to flowering; plant height at flowering; days to maturity; plant height at maturity; period of grain growth; spotted seeds; 100 seeds weight; foliar area sectioned; lodging; agronomic value; and grain yield. The augmented design was used for the F 7 generation while the complete randomized block design for the F 8 and F 9 generations. An analysis of variance was carried out for each generation and one joint analysis of variance was made for the three sowing periods with F 9 generation. Based on grain yield, through the different experiments, they were identified as to which were the most promising lines for the area, having the best combination of characteristics including insect resistance. The following results were obtained from the analysis: a) ten lines from the early cycle, with high yield, were considered favorable for the cultivation in the “cerrado”, showing high resistance to sucker and defoliator insect, and they involve the genitor IAC-100; b) the line 81-9-13 (OCEPAR-04 x IAC-100) had the best agronomic performance, because it was classified above the mean of the check for all characters evaluated in the F 9 generation; c) the second sowing period (11/09/98) was considered the most favorable for the cultivation of soybean in the region; d) the parental IAC-100 (used as the check) showed good characteristics for grain yield and insect resistance. So, evaluation of this parental should occur in the region, in order to recommend it for cultivation.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:44:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1982-56762012000300010.pdf: 974584 bytes, checksum: 33637e03ab78643e6db8758645a3f2f7 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:44:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1982-56762012000300010.pdf: 974584 bytes, checksum: 33637e03ab78643e6db8758645a3f2f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:33:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1982-56762012000300010.pdf: 974584 bytes, checksum: 33637e03ab78643e6db8758645a3f2f7 (MD5) S1982-56762012000300010.pdf.txt: 16753 bytes, checksum: a521a114491e99e06c9024f834c63cca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:09:04Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1982-56762012000300010.pdf: 974584 bytes, checksum: 33637e03ab78643e6db8758645a3f2f7 (MD5) S1982-56762012000300010.pdf.txt: 16753 bytes, checksum: a521a114491e99e06c9024f834c63cca (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:09:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1982-56762012000300010.pdf: 974584 bytes, checksum: 33637e03ab78643e6db8758645a3f2f7 (MD5) S1982-56762012000300010.pdf.txt: 16753 bytes, checksum: a521a114491e99e06c9024f834c63cca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-01 Nesse trabalho, o objetivo foi avaliar a reação de oito porta-enxertos de videira aos nematoides das lesões radiculares. As estacas dos porta-enxertos Kober, SO4, 101-14, R99, 420-A, Rupestris du Lot, Riparia do Traviú e Telek 5C, cedidas pelo Centro APTA de Frutas/IAC, foram plantadas em vasos contendo mistura de solo:areia na proporção 2:1 (v:v) e mantidas em casa de vegetação. Após quatro meses, os porta-enxertos foram inoculados com 1.200 espécimes de Pratylenchus brachyurus ou P. zeae, e o milho foi usado para comprovar a viabilidade do inóculo. Aos 180 dias após a inoculação, avaliou-se o número de nematoides por sistema radicular e em 100 cm³ de solo. O milho foi avaliado aos 90 dias após a inoculação e cada vaso recebeu uma nova planta, que foi avaliada juntamente com os porta-enxertos. No milho, as populações finais de P. brachyurus e P. zeae foram respectivamente iguais a 8.040 e 6.940 indivíduos. Todos os porta-enxertos comportaram-se como imunes a P. brachyurus e P. zeae, isto é, a população final dos nematoides e o fator de reprodução foram iguais a zero. Recuperaram-se seis e 11 espécimes de P. zeae nas amostras de solo cultivadas com os porta-enxertos Kober e 420-A, respectivamente. Conclui-se que os porta-enxertos estudados apresentam potencial para serem usados em áreas infestadas com esses nematoides das lesões. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reaction of eight grapevine rootstocks to root-lesion nematodes. Cuttings of the rootstocks Kober, SO4, 101-14, R99, 420-A, Rupestris du Lot, Riparia do Traviú and Telek 5C, provided by the Centro APTA de Frutas/IAC, were planted in 5-L pots containing a 2:1 (v:v) soil and sand mixture, and kept in greenhouse. After four months, they were inoculated with 1,200 specimens of Pratylenchus brachyurus or P. zeae. Maize was used for detecting the inoculum viability. After 180 days of the inoculation, the root systems of the plants were collected along with 100 cm³ soil for evaluating the number of nematodes. Maize plants were evaluated 90 days after inoculation and each pot received a new seedling, which was evaluated along with the rootstocks. All rootstocks exhibited immunity to P. brachyurus and P. zeae, because the final populations in the root systems and the reproduction factor were zero. It was recovered six and 11 specimens of P. zeae in samples from cultivated soil with Kober and 420-A rootstock, respectively. In the maize, the respective average populations of P. brachyurus and P. zeae were 8,040 and 6,940. The rootstocks are potentially valuable for infested areas. Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) Departamento de Ciências Agrárias APTA/IAC Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Estadual Paulista

Este trabalho objetivou verificar a influência de três porta-enxertos no comportamento da cultivar Juliana em relação à fenologia, em três épocas de poda e em relação aos caracteres físicos de cachos, de bagas e de engaços, em duas épocas de poda. Os ensaios foram avaliados em Jundiaí-SP, e as podas foram realizadas em 15-08-2007, 22-01-2008 e 16-09-2008. O delineamento experimental foi o em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições, sendo as parcelas representadas pela combinação da cultivar Juliana enxertada sobre os porta-enxertos 'Ripária do Traviú', 'IAC 572' e 'IAC766', e as subparcelas, pelas épocas de poda, que corresponderam a três para os estádios fenológicos e a duas para os caracteres físicos de cachos, bagas e engaço. Não houve diferença entre os porta-enxertos para os estádios fenológicos e para os caracteres físicos de cachos e de bagas, com exceção para massa da matéria fresca de baga e massa fresca de engaço. Maior massa da matéria fresca de engaço foi obtida pela combinação da cultivar Juliana e o porta-enxerto 'IAC 572'. Para as diferentes épocas de poda, foram detectadas diferenças para todos os estádios fenológicos, havendo interação entre porta-enxerto e época de poda para os estádios E1 - período da poda ao início da brotação; E2 - período da poda ao início do florescimento, e E5 - período da poda ao início da colheita. This study aimed to verify the influence of three rootstocks on the behavior of the cultivar Juliana in relation to phenology in three pruning times and in relation to physical caracters of clusters, berries and stalks in two pruning times. The experiments were evaluated in Jundiaí, SP and pruning were carried out on 08/15/2007, 01/22/2008 and 16/09/2008. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with split plots with three replications, and plots were the combination of the cultivar Juliana grafted on rootstocks 'Riparia of Traviú', 'IAC 572' and 'IAC 766' and the subplots were pruning, which corresponded to three for the phenological stages and two for the physical caracteres of clusters, berries and stalks. There was no difference between rootstocks for the phenological stages and the physical caracters of bunches and berries, except for fresh weight of berry and fresh weight of stems. Greater fresh weight of stems was obtained by the combination of cultivar Juliana and rootstock 'IAC 572'. For the different pruning times, differences were detected in all phenological stages, with interaction between rootstock and pruning time for stages E1 - period from pruning to the beginning of sprouting, E2 - period from pruning to the beginning of flowering and E5 - a period of pruning the beginning of to the harvest.

Com o objetivo de avaliar alterações em atributos químicos do solo, causadas pela adubação com NPK em videira 'Niagara Rosada', coletaram-se amostras de solo provenientes de um experimento de campo executado em Louveira (SP), durante quatro ciclos de produção. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, no esquema fatorial fracionado 1/2(4³), com tratamentos constituídos pelas combinações de doses de N (0; 65; 130 e 195 kg/ha de N), P (0; 60; 120 e 180 kg/ha de P2O5) e K (0; 45; 90 e 135 kg/ha de K2O) aplicados em cada ciclo de produção. As doses de N, P e K foram aplicadas em forma fracionada, empregando-se como fontes NH4NO3, superfosfato triplo e KCl, respectivamente. Na implantação do experimento, em agosto de 2005, e após quatro safras, em novembro de 2008, foram coletadas amostras de solo de 0 a 20 cm e de 20 a 40 cm de profundidade, determinando-se valores de pH (CaCl2), o teor de matéria orgânica, P, K, Ca, Mg, H+Al e calculada a soma de bases, CTC e saturação por bases. Avaliaram-se, também, a produtividade e as características físicas dos cachos e das bagas. A adubação nitrogenada em videira determinou incrementos significativos na acidez do solo. Doses baixas de P e K foram suficientes para manter o teor de P e de K do solo no mesmo nível da amostragem inicial, após quatro ciclos de produção. A produtividade e as características físicas dos cachos não foram influenciadas pela adubação com N, P e K. A adubação com N, P e K em vinhedos com alta disponibilidade de nutrientes no solo, condição comum na região de Louveira e Jundiaí, implica prejuízo econômico ao produtor, eleva os teores de nutrientes no solo acima das necessidades da cultura, podendo, ainda, aumentar o risco de contaminação ambiental. Soil samples were analyzed with the objective of investigating changes on some soil chemical properties due to NPK fertilization of 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine. The samples were collected in a field experiment carried out in Louveira, Brazil, during four crop seasons. The experimental design was an incomplete NPK factorial 1/2(4³). The treatments were rates of N (0, 65, 130, and 195 kg/ha of N as NH4NO3), P (0, 60, 120, and 180 kg/ha of P2O5 as triple superphosphate) and K (0, 45, 90, and 135 kg/ha of K2O as KCl) applied at each crop season. Nutrient (P, K, Ca and Mg) availability some chemical properties (organic matter, pH CaCl2, H+Al and base saturation) were evaluated through samples carried out in the experiment implantation (August, 2005) and after four production cycles (November, 2008). Soil samples were collected from layers of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm. Fruit yield and some physical characteristics of bunches and berries were evaluated. Soil pH decreased with increasing in N rates. Low rates of P and K were sufficient to maintain soil P and K at the same concentration as found prior to the experiment. Grapevine production was not affected by NPK fertilization. The application of NPK fertilizers in vineyards with soils with high nutrient availability implies economic losses and environmental contamination risk.

In the regions with mild winters, usually the chilling requirements for bud dormancy release of grapevines are not fulfilled, and only the highly toxic products CaCN2 (calcium cyanamide) and H2CN2 (hydrogen cyanamide) are recommended in conventional viticulture for budbreak. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of garlic extract on budbreak of 'Niagara Rosada' grapevines in two different vineyards. The highest dose of garlic extract (70mL L-1) showed a great potential for budbreak in organic production, presenting similar effects of cyanamides in budbreak. This treatment improved the sprouting percentage, number of clusters, accelerated the beginning of sprouting and reduced the cycle between pruning and harvest. Nas regiões com invernos amenos, normalmente as exigências de frio para a quebra de dormência de gemas de videiras não são atendidas, e apenas os produtos altamente tóxicos CaCN2 e H2CN2 são recomendados na viticultura convencional para quebra de dormência. A proposta deste estudo foi verificar o efeito do extrato de alho na quebra de dormência de videiras 'Niagara Rosada', em dois diferentes vinhedos. A dose mais elevada de extrato de alho (70mL L-1) demonstrou ter um grande potencial para a quebra de dormência na produção orgânica, apresentando efeitos similares aos das cianamidas, na quebra de dormência. Este tratamento aumentou a porcentagem de brotação e o número de cachos, antecipou o começo da brotação e reduziu o ciclo entre poda e colheita.

O Jardim Botânico do IAC tem como objetivo conservar as espécies nativas do Estado de São Paulo, oferecendo áreas para a preservação in situ, ex situ e in vitro, além de câmaras com baixa temperatura, já que a crioconservação se transformou também em alternativa interessante para a conservação de recursos genéticos. Realizaram-se testes de crioconservação em sementes recalcitrantes de três espécies de Amaryllidaceae: Hippeastrum papilio (HP), Hippeastrum glaucescens (HG) e Zephyranthes robusta (ZR). No delineamento experimental, foram estabelecidas quatro repetições de 25 sementes cada, em 4 tratamentos: T1: -196ºC sem protetor; T2: -196ºC com o protetor PVS2; T3: -196ºC com o agente protetor de alginato de sódio; T4: semeadura direta sem nenhum tratamento a frio (testemunha). As porcentagens de germinação obtidas foram: T1: 98%, 70% e 80%, respectivamente para ZR, HP e HG. T2: - 93%, 68% e 21%, respectivamente. T3: - 1%, 0% e 8% respectivamente; T4: 99%, 72% e 88%, respectivamente. A partir dos resultados, pode-se observar que os agentes protetores não foram necessários para a conservação das sementes nas condições do ensaio, uma vez que as taxas de germinação foram melhores sem PVS2 ou alginato de sódio. Observou-se também que a crioconservação sem agentes protetores, propiciou a germinação mais rápida do que a por testemunha para as três espécies testadas. Verificou-se uma provável quebra de dormência da semente de ZR, pois, houve uma aceleração no processo de germinação de cerca de dois dias. Esta observação merece maior aprofundamento.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar 69 genótipos de soja com diferentes ciclos de maturação em diferentes ambientes nos Estados de Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul utilizando o método de regressão não-linear proposto por TOLER (1990). O método propõe enquadrar os genótipos em cinco grupos, conforme o padrão de resposta A, B, C, D e E. Verificou-se que nas estimativas de qualidade ambiental houve diferenças em seus valores, permitindo inferir sobre os piores e melhores ambientes, Pedra Preta foi detectado como ambiente de melhor qualidade, com a maior estimativa, o que contribui para o aumento da média geral de ambientes. Ao classificar os genótipos com base na produtividade e no padrão de resposta verificou-se que genótipos com padrão de resposta duplamente desejável (grupo A, padrão convexo), atingiram produtividade alta com destaque para a linhagem FMT-42313 de ciclo precoce. Os genótipos de padrão E (padrão côncavo) não atingiram patamares satisfatórios de produtividade média como MSOY-8550 e Crixás. A produtividade dos genótipos com padrão de resposta unissegmentado (B, C e D) foi variável, sendo a maioria enquadrados no grupo C, com resposta linear simples não desviando da resposta média dos ambientes, destacando-se a cultivar Conquista, com produtividade média e pouca variabilidade quando cultivada em ambientes distintos. O método proporciona vantagens estatísticas para a pesquisa sobre adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de soja, uma vez que discrimina esses materiais de base genética estreita em grupos de genótipos com diferentes padrões de resposta. The objective of this work was to evaluate 69 soybean genotypes with different maturation cycles in different environments at Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul States in Brazil using the non-linear regression method of TOLER (1990). This methodology considers the fiting the genotypes in five groups, according to the response pattern A, B, C, D and E. It was observed that the environmental quality estimates had different values, allowing for inferences of worse and better environments. Pedra Preta was the best quality environment, having the greater estimative, that contributed to the increase of the general environment mean. The classification based on yield and on the response pattern showed that genotypes with double desirable response pattern (group A, convex pattern), presented high yield, mainly in the line early cycle FMT-42313. The pattern E genotypes (concave pattern) did not show satisfactory levels of mean yield as MSOY-8550 and Crixás. The response pattern of monosegmented genotypes (B, C and D) showed variable yield, being most of them clustered in group C, having a simple linear response that did not differ greatly from the mean response of the environments. Conquista cultivar had average yield and low variability in distinct environments. The methodology has statistic advantages for the analysis of adaptability and stability among soybean genotypes, since it discriminate genotypes with narrow genetic base in to groups with different response pattern.

Estimativas de adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotípicas quanto a épocas de semeadura foram obtidas a partir de experimentos de cultivares de soja durante o período de outubro de 1996 a dezembro de 1997. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em 22 épocas no município de Goiânia-Goiás, no campo experimental da Escola de Agronomia da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Foram avaliados quatro cultivares; destes a cultivar Paiaguás é adaptada à essa região e a cultivar EMGOPA-313 é recomendada; as cultivares IAC-100 e OCEPAR-4 não são recomendadas à região. Os experimentos foram instalados em delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. A parcela experimental foi representada por 4m2 e o caráter produtividade de grãos foi obtido em kg/ha. Pela análise de variância conjunta detectou-se interação significativa entre épocas e cultivares. As estimativas de estabilidade e adaptabilidade foram obtidas utilizando-se a metodologia AMMI. As épocas de semeadura mais produtivas foram 02/nov, 17/nov e 17/dez. As épocas menos produtivas foram 15/fev, 03/mar, 17/mar, 31/mai, 30/jun e 13/out. As épocas mais estáveis foram 03/dez e 31/jan. Foram observadas adaptações específicas de cultivares com diferentes épocas de semeadura, com destaque para o cultivar EMGOPA-313, que foi o mais produtivo e com adaptação específica à época de semeadura 28/out. Os resultados mostraram a possibilidade de se agrupar genótipos com épocas de semeadura específicas mais adequadas e mais produtivas. UNITERMOS: Interação genótipo X Ambiente, Estabilidade, Glycine max.

Os experimentos foram realizados em videiras de ‘A Dona’ e ‘Marte’ em Jundiai-SP, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do acido giberelico (GA 3 ) nas caracteristicas morfologicas e quimicas dos cachos e bagas de uva. Na cultivar A Dona enxertada sobre os porta-enxertos ‘IAC 766’ e Riparia do Traviu, avaliou-se o efeito do GA 3 nas concentracoes de 0, 10, 20 e 30 mg dm -3 , aplicado aos 20 dias apos o pleno florescimento. Na cultivar Marte avaliou-se o efeito do GA 3 nas concentracoes de 0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 mg dm -3 . As caracteristicas avaliadas foram a massa fresca dos cachos, bagas e engacos; comprimento e largura dos cachos e bagas; numero de bagas e teor de solidos soluveis. Concluiu-se que, para a cultivar A Dona nao houve interacao entre as concentracoes de GA 3 e os porta-enxertos, havendo no entanto, melhoria significativa nas caracteristicas dos cachos com o porta-enxerto ‘IAC 766’. Em relacao as concentracoes de GA 3 , pela regressao polinomial, verificou-se que com a concentracao de 20 mg dm -3 de GA 3 , obteve-se acrescimo de 75%, 63% e 9%, respectivamente, na massa fresca de cacho, baga e engaco; de 8% e 15% no comprimento e largura de cacho; de 20% e 10%, no comprimento e largura de bagas; e de 16% no numero de bagas. Dessa maneira, recomenda-se para a cultivar A Dona a concentracao de 20 mg dm -3 de GA 3 . Quanto a cultivar Marte, verificou-se aumento linear em todas as caracteristicas avaliadas, sendo, portanto, recomendada a concentracao de 60 mg dm -3 .

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T19:38:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-07-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T14:37:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0006-87052019000300470.pdf: 720662 bytes, checksum: eba62f10c4d2c34d03e58c32e47bce5b (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) This study evaluated the cycle duration, physicochemical characteristics of fruits and climatic adaptation of the 'SR 501-17' hybrid grape grafted on four rootstocks for the production of white wine. We tested four rootstocks, 'IAC 766 Campinas', 'IAC 572 Jales', 'IAC 571-6 Jundiai' and 'IAC 313 Tropical', planted in two climatic regions, Cfa and Aw, in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil in the cultivation years 2014 and 2015. Cycle duration, production, cluster weight, number of berries per bunch, content of soluble solids, titratable acidity, a maturation index and the weight, length and width of berries were evaluated. A principal component analysis characterized the cultivar for both climatic regions and years. The rootstock did not influence the cycle, production or physicochemical characteristics of the 'SR 501-17' hybrid. The soluble-solid content in the must was higher and the production cycle in 2014 was longer for the Cfa climate. The production cycle was shorter and the weight and width of the berries were lower, mainly in 2015, for the Aw climate. The cycle was thus longer, production was higher and the chemical characteristics were better for the 'SR 501-17' hybrid under Cfa conditions, regardless of the rootstock. Inst Agron, Ctr Frutas, Jundiai, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Nucleo Estudos Uva & Vinho, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Hort, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Hort, Botucatu, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2012/00292-9

Compreender como uma variedade em particular pode contribuir no processo de vinificação é essencial para a elaboração de vinhos de alta qualidade. O conhecimento mais profundo das diversas estruturas presentes na uva e os mecanismos de sua evolução durante a vinificação são base indispensável na avaliação do papel da variedade em enologia e no desenvolvimento de processos tecnológicos adaptados ao potencial da matéria prima e ao tipo de produto desejado. Com isso, este trabalho visa identificar os aromas produzidos em cada etapa do processo de elaboração e de envelhecimento em garrafa e as características agronômicas da produção. O experimento foi realizado em dois vinhedos comerciais do interior de São Paulo, utilizando a cultivar Syrah sob dupla poda e ciclo invertido de produção. Foram analisadas as principais etapas de produção: mosto, fermentações alcoólica e malolática, envase, 6 e 12 meses de envelhecimento das duas safras entre 2017 e 2018, através das técnicas de HPLC e GC-MS. Foram identificados aproximadamente 100 compostos voláteis, entre álcoois, terpenos, ésteres, fenóis, aldeídos, cetonas e outros. Dentre esses compostos destacam-se os descritores aromáticos de especiarias (Terpinen-4-ol) e tabaco (β-Damascenone), comumente encontrados em vinhos Syrah de outras regiões. O experimento mostra que existe uma diferença entre as duas regiões e entre as duas safras. Understanding how a particular variety can contribute to the winemaking process is essential for making high quality wines. The deeper knowledge of the various structures present in the grape and the mechanisms of its evolution during winemaking are an indispensable basis in assessing the role of the variety in oenology and in the development of technological processes adapted to the potential of the raw material and the type of product desired. With this, this work aims to identify the aromas produced in each stage of the elaboration process and bottle aging and the grapes agronomic characteristics. The experiment was carried out in two commercial vineyards in the interior of São Paulo, using the cultivar Syrah under double pruning management and inverted production cycle. The main stages of production were analyzed: must, alcoholic and malolactic fermentations, bottling and 6 and 12 months aging, for both harvests between 2017 and 2018, using HPLC and GC-MS techniques. Approximately 100 volatile compounds have been identified, including alcohols, terpenes, esters, phenols, aldehydes, ketones and others. Among these compounds the aromatic descriptors of spices (Terpinen-4-ol) and tobacco (β-Damascenone) stand out, commonly found in Syrah wines from other regions. The experiment shows that there is a difference between the two regions and between the two crops.