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51. Role of photodynamic therapy in unresectable esophageal and lung cancer

Author

James D. Luketich, Arjun Pennathur, and Mang Chen

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Hemoptysis, Palliative care, Lung Neoplasms, Esophageal Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Brachytherapy, Photodynamic therapy, Dermatology, medicine, Humans, Lung cancer, education, education.field_of_study, Photosensitizing Agents, business.industry, Palliative Care, Esophageal cancer, medicine.disease, Dysphagia, Surgery, Airway Obstruction, Photochemotherapy, Barrett's esophagus, Dihematoporphyrin Ether, medicine.symptom, business, Deglutition Disorders
Abstract

The incidence of esophageal cancer has increased dramatically in the Western population in the last two decades. Many of these patients tend to present late in the disease course with symptoms of dysphagia and malnutrition. Thus a majority of patients at presentation may require palliation of their symptoms. Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer related mortality in the United States. Similar to esophageal cancer, many patients present in advanced stages where surgical resection for cure may not be an option. Endobronchial obstruction from both primary and metastatic neoplasm causes significant morbidity. The modalities, which are currently available for palliation of symptoms include surgery, photodynamic therapy, dilation, external beam radiation, stents, Nd:YAG laser therapy, and brachytherapy. Each of these modalities has their specific advantages and drawbacks. In this article, we discuss the role of photodynamic therapy in the palliation of esophageal and lung cancer.

Published
2006

54. Prolonged poststimulation inhibition of bladder activity induced by tibial nerve stimulation in cats.

Author

Changfeng Tai, Bing Shen, Mang Chen, Jicheng Wang, Roppolo, James R., and de Groat, William C.

Subjects
NEURAL stimulation, SPINAL cord, URINARY organs, CENTRAL nervous system, TIBIAL nerve
Abstract

Inhibition of bladder activity by tibial nerve stimulation was investigated in α-chloralose-anesthetized cats with an intact spinal cord. Short-duration (3-5 min) tibial nerve stimulation at both low (5 Hz) and high (30 Hz) frequencies applied repeatedly during rhythmic isovolumetric bladder contractions was effective in inhibiting reflex bladder activity. Both frequencies of stimulation were also effective in inducing inhibition that persisted after the termination of the stimulation. The poststimulation inhibitory effect induced by the short-duration stimulation significantly increased bladder capacity to 181.6 ± 24.36% of the control capacity measured before applying the stimulation. Thirty-minute continuous stimulation induced prolonged poststimulation inhibition of bladder activity, which lasted for more than 2 h and significantly increased bladder capacity to 161.1 ± 2.9% of the control capacity. During the poststimulation periods, 5-Hz stimulation applied during the cystometrogram elicited a further increase (~30% on average) in bladder capacity, but 30-Hz stimulation was ineffective. These results in cats support the clinical observation that tibial nerve neuromodulation induces a long-lasting poststimulation inhibitory effect that is useful in treating overactive bladder symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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55. Suppression of bladder overactivity by activation of somatic afferent nerves in the foot.

Author

Changfeng Tai, Bing Shen, Mang Chen, Jicheng Wang, Hailong Liu, Roppolo, James R., and de Groat, William C.

Subjects
TRANSCUTANEOUS electrical nerve stimulation, OVERACTIVE bladder, HYPERKINESIA, AFFERENT pathways, SOMATIC cells, URINATION, STRUCTURAL equation modeling, FOOT
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possibility of suppressing bladder overactivity by electrical activation of somatic afferent nerves in the foot. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cats with an intact spinal cord were studied under α-chloralose anaesthesia. Bladder pressure was recorded via a urethral catheter. Foot stimulation was applied via surface pad electrodes attached to the skin of the front or hind foot. RESULTS: Reflex micturition was inhibited by electrical stimulation of the hind foot at either low (5 Hz) or high (20 Hz) frequencies, but stimulation of the front foot was ineffective. The mean ( SEM ) bladder capacity during a saline infusion cystometrogram (CMG) was significantly ( P < 0.05) increased to 153.2 (18.2)% and 136.9 (14.3)% of the control bladder capacity by stimulation at frequencies of 5 Hz and 20 Hz, respectively. Intravesical infusion of 0.25% acetic acid (AA) induced bladder overactivity and reduced bladder capacity to 20.3 (8.9)% of the control capacity measured during saline infusion. Foot stimulation inhibited the AAinduced bladder overactivity recorded under isovolumetric conditions, and significantly ( P < 0.05) increased bladder capacity during AA infusion. However, it only restored the small bladder capacity caused by AA irritation to 40-50% of the control bladder capacity measured during saline infusion. The effect of foot stimulation did not persist after termination of stimulation during repeated CMG tests. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the potential of noninvasive transcutaneous electrical stimulation of somatic nerves in the foot to inhibit reflex bladder activity and treat overactive bladder symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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56. Stereotactic radiosurgery for the treatment of stage I non–small cell lung cancer in high-risk patients

Author

Steven A. Burton, William E. Gooding, Rodney J. Landreneau, Ghulam Abbas, Dwight E. Heron, Neil A. Christie, James D. Luketich, Mang Chen, Arjun Pennathur, and Cihat Ozhasoglu

Subjects
Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Radiosurgery, Risk Factors, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, medicine, Humans, Radiation treatment planning, education, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Cancer, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Surgery, Pneumothorax, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, Female, business, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Objective Surgical resection is the standard of care for patients with stage I non–small cell lung cancer. For high-risk patients, however, stereotactic radiosurgery may offer an alternative. We report our initial experience with stereotactic radiosurgery for treatment of stage I non–small cell lung cancer by a team of thoracic surgeons and radiation oncologists. Methods Patients medically ineligible for operation were offered stereotactic radiosurgery. Thoracic surgeons evaluated all patients, placed fiducials, and performed treatment planning in collaboration with radiation oncologists. Median dose of 20 Gy to 80% isodose line was administered as single fraction (range 20–60 Gy,1–3 fractions). Initial response rate, progression, and survival were monitored. Results Twenty-one patients underwent stereotactic radiosurgery in 3 years. Fiducial placement resulted in pneumothorax requiring a pigtail catheter in 10 of 21 patients (47%). Disease showed initial response in 12 of 21 patients (57%), was stable in 5 (24%), progressed in 3 (14%), and was not evaluable in 1 (5%). Procedure-related mortality was zero. With mean 24-month follow-up, estimated 1-year survival probability was 81% (68% confidence interval 0.73–0.90). Median survival was 26.4 months (confidence interval 19.6 months–not reached). Local progression occurred in 9 patients (42%). Median time to local progression was 12.3 months (confidence interval 12 months–not reached). Conclusion Preliminary experience indicates that stereotactic radiosurgery (median dose 20 Gy) is safe in this high-risk group; however, it was associated with significant local progression. Further prospective studies with multiple fractions are needed to evaluate its efficacy in this population.

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57. New area mapped out in Suzhou.

Author

Mang, Chen

Subjects
SUZHOU Shi (Anhui Sheng, China), CHINA, ANHUI Sheng (China)
Abstract

Reveals that the city government of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China has marked off a piece of land in the western part of downtown Suzhou for the construction of an urban district. State Council's plan to protect the 2,500-year-old ancient cultural city of Suzhou; Revitalization of the city's economy; High-tech industrial setup; Predicted total economic volume for the area.

Published
1993

58. Analysis of risk factors associated with flexor pollicis longus injury after volar plating of distal radius fractures

Author

Yang-Xun Lv, Mang-Mang Chen, Chen-Xian Su, Hao-Nan Ye, Jie Yang, and Jing Li

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objective This study was performed to analyze the risk factors associated with flexor pollicis longus (FPL) attrition or rupture after volar plating of distal radius fractures. Methods Three hundred thirty-eight patients with distal radius fractures were included in this retrospective study. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to predict risk factors. Results Univariate analysis showed that sex, volar tilt, the Soong grade, the plate-to-critical line distance (PCLD), the plate-to-volar rim distance (PVRD), and the time of plate removal were significantly associated with FPL attrition or rupture. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that decreased volar tilt, Soong grade 2, PCLD of >2 mm, PVRD of 2 mm, and PVRD of 2 mm, the PVRD is

Published
2021
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