Search

Significant quantities of data are being collected by citizen scientists concerning environmental challenges. Networks of volunteers can collect data on spatial and temporal scales that may be beyond the resource and logistical capacities of the governmental bodies and other organisations that monitor and protect the environment. However, citizen science may be viewed with scepticism by decision makers and excluded from decision‐making because it is perceived as being of poor quality and lacking scientific credibility. This paper explores how citizen science has been used to inform the management of an urban river. It uses the example of the River Crane, a small urban river in London, UK, to demonstrate how data gathered through a volunteer project, Citizen Crane, supported decision‐making about the river. Through analysis of interviews with the project's leadership group, the paper examines how the project leadership team developed a high degree of credibility with stakeholders in the river management. This included drawing on the expertise of stakeholders to design the project and align the monitoring approaches with technical and scientific standards. Other factors of importance included open and professional communication between the Citizen Crane leadership team with regulators and businesses, and the development of shared understandings and expectations about the river's management. The leadership team drew on their professional experience to inform the design and management of the project, and to provide a conduit for data gathered by volunteer scientists to be embedded in decision‐making. The paper unpicks the ways in which citizen science challenges traditional notions of expertise in environmental decision‐making, and contributes to understanding how citizen science can support more legitimate and effective strategies for tackling complex socio‐environmental challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Invasive alien species (IAS) are a rising threat to biodiversity, national security, and regional economies, with impacts in the hundreds of billions of U.S. dollars annually. Proactive or predictive approaches guided by scientific knowledge are essential to keeping pace with growing impacts of invasions under climate change. Although the rapid development of diverse technologies and approaches has produced tools with the potential to greatly accelerate invasion research and management, innovation has far outpaced implementation and coordination. Technological and methodological syntheses are urgently needed to close the growing implementation gap and facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration and synergy among evolving disciplines. A broad review is necessary to demonstrate the utility and relevance of work in diverse fields to generate actionable science for the ongoing invasion crisis. Here, we review such advances in relevant fields including remote sensing, epidemiology, big data analytics, environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling, genomics, and others, and present a generalized framework for distilling existing and emerging data into products for proactive IAS research and management. This integrated workflow provides a pathway for scientists and practitioners in diverse disciplines to contribute to applied invasion biology in a coordinated, synergistic, and scalable manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of „storytelling” as a management tool is gaining ground and acceptance in management practices as heuristic type work becomes more widespread. The authors’ research examines the relationship between the type and frequency of „storytelling”, the opinion on leadership, and the long-term attractiveness of the workplace in an organization. In developing their questionnaire survey, they test the existence of the hypothesised correlations in the frame of a pilot project. Following a review of the literature, the authors evaluate the results of the survey by using descriptive analytical tools. They then utilise cluster analysis and create typical respondent groups; these participants formed their views from a characteristically different point in judging storytelling, crisis management quality, and workplace attractiveness. Results support their research hypothesis that proper application of „storytelling” increases trust in management and improves its overall response, so that „storytelling” can effectively increase the long-term attractiveness of the workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Telemetry has major potential for application to fish habitat science and management, but to date it is underutilized in this regard. We posit this is because (1) fish telemetry projects are often geared towards detecting fish movement, opposed to systematically sampling habitat selection, and (2) there are often differences in scale between telemetry data and management decisions. We discuss various ways in which telemetry can contribute to fish habitat science and present some considerations for improving its application to this field. To date, most fish telemetry studies have been descriptive (e.g., fish use area A more than area B); greater adoption of more inferential study approaches that assess causal ecological drivers of movement and space use would be of value and require more extensive measurement of environmental conditions. We conclude by presenting a conceptual framework for scaling from individual studies to broad applications in habitat management. Established telemetry networks can readily support synthesis activities, although fish tracking data and environmental data are rarely stored together, and current disconnects among repositories may constrain broad integration and scalability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the relationship between the Belgian government and the national Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN) in the renegotiation of the mission and organization of Big Science in Belgium. While the founding decades of nuclear laboratories are often characterized by ever-increasing budgets and the establishment of large infrastructure, I show that downsizing or transforming Big Science demanded a new form of politics on the organization of science. Drawing on archival material, this article will demonstrate how the mission and management of SCK CEN were critically followed by a variety of stakeholders. Furthermore, the Belgian government explicitly aimed to allow corporate principles to guide the reorganization of the research centre by hiring consultants from Arthur Andersen. This episode in the history of nuclear research invites historians of science to reflect upon both the politics of Big Science in an era in which its original principles were fundamentally questioned and the historical development of new norms and expectations attached to this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wildland fire literacy is the capacity for wildland fire professionals to understand and communicate fundamentals of fuel and fire behavior within the socio-ecological elements of the fire regime. While wildland fire literacy is best developed through education, training, and experience in wildland fire science and management, too often, development among early-career professionals is deficient in one or more aspects of full literacy. We report on a hands-on prescribed fire methods workshop designed to provide training and experience in measuring and conducting prescribed fire, with a focus on grassland ecosystems. The workshop was held in March 2022 at The Nature Conservancy's Dunn Ranch Prairie in northern Missouri. It consisted of hands-on training and experience in measuring fuels, fire weather, and fire behavior. Prescribed fire operations training facilitated both hands-on learning and vicarious learning by rotating squad roles among several small sub-units on the first day of live fire exercises. Participants then gained experience as crew members for two larger prescribed burns (60 and 200 ha). We report here on the successes and lessons learned from the perspectives of both participants and the instructor cadre for what was widely regarded as a successful workshop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the time series of articles obtained from the literature, we propose three analysis methods to deeply examine the characteristics of these articles. This method can be used to analyze the construction and development of various disciplines in institutions, and to explore the features of the publications in important periodicals in the disciplines. By defining the concepts and methods relevant to research and discipline innovation, we propose three methods for analyzing the characteristics of agency publications: numerical distribution, trend, and correlation network analyses. The time series of the issuance of articles in 30 important journals in the field of management sciences were taken, and the new analysis methods were used to discover some valuable results. The results showed that by using the proposed methods to analyze the characteristics of institution publications, not only did we find similar levels of discipline development or similar trends in institutions, achieving a more reasonable division of the academic levels, but we also determined the preferences of the journals selected by the institutions, which provides a reference for subject construction and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher education institutions (HEIs) in both developed and developing countries are confronted with increasing pressure to enhance their effectiveness and efficiency while contending with diminishing financial resources and austerity measures. Reductions in governmental budgets allocated to HEIs have resulted in decreased investment in research and infrastructure. Concurrently, HEIs are expected by both societies and governments to demonstrate greater economic and social responsibility, actively engage in addressing local and national socioeconomic challenges and adapt their educational programs to the skills and competencies demanded by diverse industries. Against this background, quantitative operations research and management science (OR/MS) modeling techniques can offer support to higher education policymakers, university leadership teams, and other decision-makers to optimize performance, enhance quality, and minimize costs. Based on a systematic literature review, this study sheds light on the use of quantitative OR/MS modeling techniques in the OR/MS and higher education literature. • The paper analyzes 203 papers published across 94 journals before 2024. • It proposes a classification system for techniques used in the study of the higher education sector. • It provides specific examples of how these quantitative techniques are used in HEIs. • Several future research directions are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the role of structural equation modeling in the field of management science. The approach by which the use of the technique is incorporated into the field of management. Additionally, a comparison is generated between the different algorithms and statistical packages available for the application of the technique. Finding in closed source, LISREL, EQS, AMOS, SmartPLS, Mplus, CALIS (in SAS), SEPATH (in Statistica), RAMONA (in Systat), SEM (Stata), Matlab, Semopy (in Python). And in open source: Scilab, Julia, R: lavaan, sem, lava, OpenMx, Strum. Identifying current trends and future approaches that embody the multivariate analysis technique within the management sciences. Finding suggested software for the area of management sciences, as well as mixing trends in the technique, such as the use of neural networks that is beginning to be incorporated as an alternative or complement to the SEM technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantitative text analysis is a set of procedures for grouping documents and the words and expressions that make up the content of documents, supported by statistical methods and tools. Its main advantage is that in addition to the information that can be extracted from numerical data, it provides a solution for accessing additional information that previously seems unavailable. Thus, text analysis is most commonly used where the text contains more information than could be obtained from quantified data. Text and content analysis is today one of the most exciting and focused areas of data mining and data analysis, both in terms of mathematical, statistical, methodological, and software fit. In this study, latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) is presented as a possible methodological approach through a concrete example. The primary aim of the article is to show that text analysis can provide long-term and novel perspectives in the fields of management science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing population of cities means that they face many new challenges in improving their economic, social and environmental efficiency. These themes are relevant to the increasingly popular worldwide concept of smart cities. A smart city is a city that is friendly to people and the environment, in which people live better, safer, and healthier. From the point of view of management sciences, they are a result of creative development and the implementation of various solutions that should involve various stakeholders. The quality of life of city residents is largely influenced by logistics solutions, including the movement of both people and cargo in the city. This issue is directly relevant to the aim of this article, which is to try to determine the degree of cooperation between the city and city logistics stakeholders in the context of identifying gaps in the inclusion of logistics areas in the strategies of Polish cities. Both the role of stakeholders in actively shaping city strategies and the inclusion of logistics aspects in strategies are areas discussed in recent years in the literature in the context of smart cities. Our approach combines these two areas by pointing to their importance in the development of cities towards smart cities. In our stakeholder research, we focus on city logistics stakeholders, as the identified gaps in strategies relate only to logistics aspects. We conduct our research in Polish cities. In assessing the cooperation of Polish cities with their stakeholders and identifying gaps in the inclusion of logistic aspects in the strategies, we used an original questionnaire that allowed us to survey 280 Polish cities. To analyse the stakeholders we used statistics. To analyse the questionnaires, we used descriptive statistics, while gaps were identified by relating the results to the developed template. Both the problem of gaps and the problem of stakeholders were also considered on a voivodeship scale. The research results indicated a low level of cooperation between local authorities and key city logistics stakeholders. Moreover, logistic aspects were found to be insufficiently included in the city strategies of Polish cities (a high level of gaps was identified for most of the examined areas). This indicates the low awareness of local authorities regarding the shaping of cities' logistics systems and a lack of activity in this area. The results provide city managers with information on how to develop cooperation with stakeholders and which logistic areas to include in the formulated strategies. Undertaking these actions is a condition for the development of Polish cities towards the "smart city" concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elucidating factors that contribute to citation rates of scientific articles can help scientists write manuscripts that have a stronger influence on their scientific field and are accessible to a broad audience. Using a cohort of 778 articles published in The Journal of Wildlife Management from 2011–2015, we examined how visibility strategies, article structure, and focal system (all factors authors can predominantly control) influenced the accumulation of citations over various time frames within the first 5 years after publication, and the number of days until an article received its first citation. Visibility strategies (e.g., open access, increasing the Altmetric Attention Score, and self‐citations) all influenced the number of citations accrued following publication. Citations were more stochastic 1 year following publication compared to 5 years following publication, with only 20.1% of papers receiving a citation after 1 year compared to 92.5% of papers receiving a citation after 5 years. Our model explained much more of the variation after 5 years compared to after only 1 year (R2 = 0.57 and 0.12, respectively). The number of factors significantly associated with citation rates increased as the timeframe of our analysis increased. After 5 years, factors associated with article structure (e.g., number of references), focal system (e.g., methods papers), and visibility all increased citation counts of papers. Our work suggests citation rates within wildlife ecology are influenced by a number of controllable factors, and that authors pursuing a variety of visibility strategies can increase the influence of an article on science and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of assignment difficulties is fascinating, and students are always addressing engineering and management science challenges. To select the best answer, we suggested a novel ranking approach for triangular fuzzy numbers in this study. The right answer is fully determined by the ranking system. In anuncertaindecisionmaking situation, the ranking of fuzzy numbers is extremely vital to make a decision. This ranking approach is very dependable, simple to use, and applicable to all sorts of assignment problems. Our objective is to use a novel ranking algorithm to transform muddled data into clearer ones. The Fuzzy Hungarian Method is employed to attain the best solution for the fuzzy assignment problem. The numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed ranking measure is straightforward to estimate, works effectively in computing optimal value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the relationship between the Belgian government and the national Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN) in the renegotiation of the mission and organization of Big Science in Belgium. While the founding decades of nuclear laboratories are often characterized by ever-increasing budgets and the establishment of large infrastructure, I show that downsizing or transforming Big Science demanded a new form of politics on the organization of science. Drawing on archival material, this article will demonstrate how the mission and management of SCK CEN were critically followed by a variety of stakeholders. Furthermore, the Belgian government explicitly aimed to allow corporate principles to guide the reorganization of the research centre by hiring consultants from Arthur Andersen. This episode in the history of nuclear research invites historians of science to reflect upon both the politics of Big Science in an era in which its original principles were fundamentally questioned and the historical development of new norms and expectations attached to this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thanks to the developments in neuroscientific measurement techniques, it has become possible to observe abstract phenomena that form the basis of human behavior.This opportunity has attracted the attention of researchers from the field of management and organization, as in many areas of social sciences, and neuromanagement has emerged as a multidisciplinary field of study in which neuroscience and management sciences collaborate.Within the scope of our study, which examines neuromanagement as a relatively new field of study, neuroscience, neuroscientific measurement techniques, the ethical dimension of these techniques are conceptually discussed and the concept of neuromanagement is defined. In the research part of our study, neuroscientific studies in the field of management and organization were subjected to bibliometric analysis and the current state of the neuromanagement field was made visible. In the conclusion part of our study, evaluations are made on the future of neuromanagement studies in the light of the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moving evidence into practice requires the support of stakeholders, who are critical actors in the research process. Yet, research teams need strategies for determining who these stakeholders are, what their roles should be, and how to involve them in research and dissemination activities. In this Perspective, we discuss steps for identifying, categorizing, and including stakeholders in the research process, as a precursor to involving them as communication partners in research dissemination efforts. Effectively communicating the results of research is critical for increasing stakeholders' buy-in for the adoption and sustainment of this evidence. However, this communication is best if it comes from the end-users themselves, the stakeholders, who have a specified involvement in the research process. Combining elements from dissemination, implementation, and management science literature, we identify specific tools and strategies for researchers to (1) understand the roles of various stakeholders potentially impacted by their work, and (2) recognize the specific communication activities these stakeholders could be engaged in, to support the dissemination of research findings. We present a 3-Step Plan for identifying, categorizing, and involving stakeholders in the research process in a way that will lead to their role as communication partners when results are ready to be disseminated widely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge network is widely applied in fields, such as management science, library science, information science and pedagogy, to determine the cutting-edge and popular aspects in relevant fields. It can help us to solve many academic problems by the knowledge network method based on the literature. The knowledge network method has a special value to researchers. Based on the definition of the knowledge network and its basic concepts, this paper reflects the connotation of knowledge network from two aspects: the realisation process of knowledge network and the research status of knowledge network from the perspective of bibliometrics and analyses the methods of knowledge network from the theoretical basis of multidisciplinary level. The knowledge network model is constructed from time-dimension, network type and research field. This research is helpful to construct and analyse knowledge network from different levels of knowledge unit and knowledge relation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assignment problems (AP) are well-known topics in engineering and management science and are used frequently to analyze problems. A linear programming problem form was used in transforming assignment problem for crisp problem and in solving as per Hungarian methodology. Assigning n objects over m objects is an exciting problem that arises in different situations. Here we explore the optimal ways for assigning in n objects over m other objects. Numerous numerical applications are needed in production planning, Sales proportions, airline operators, etc. The existing Hungarian methods and maximized (or minimized) assignment methods have been solved using these methods. Entry details in the cost matrix are not always clear. This parameter is uncertain in many applications, and these uncertain parameters are represented by intervals. To solve interval linear assignment problems, we present interval Hungarian method and interval analysis concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contexts of scientific production deemed peripheral, knowledge produced is depicted in a condition of inferiority relative to that produced in other contexts; the daily practice of science is then guided by values and procedures, be they conscious or not, of peripheralization. This research note discusses the constitution, reproduction and generalization of peripheralization into what I call a regime of management of irrelevance in science: a scientific process with its own pragmatic and value content, whose elements will be presented in this work. These elements were identified during field research in laboratories and interviews with key interlocutors (research leaders) of biotechnology research teams in Brazil. What matters here is instead of taking the center/periphery dichotomy as an objective structure of the scientific system—a common approach in science and technology studies—it is shown as expecta-tions with practical repercussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Illicit trades have emerged as a significant problem to almost every government across the world. Their gradual expansion and diversification throughout the years suggests the existence of robust yet obscure supply chains as well as the inadequacy of current approaches to understand and disrupt them. In response, researchers have been trying hard to identify strategies that would succeed in controlling the proliferation of these trades. With the same motivation, this article conducts a comprehensive review of prior research in the field of illicit supply-chain networks. The review is primarily focused on the trade of physical products, ignoring virtual products and services. Our discussion includes analyses of their structure and operations, as well as procedures for their detection and disruption, especially from the perspective of operations research, management science, network science, and industrial engineering. We also address persisting challenges in this domain and offer future research directions to pursue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature on dynamic capabilities has undergone a great development over its more than twenty-year history, and has become one of the most researched fields in the management sciences. Despite this development, it is still not considered a unified concept. A number of differences can be identified in the definition of dynamic capabilities, the study subjects, authorial assumptions and the results obtained. The most important findings and the observable contradictions related to dynamic capabilities are presented in this study with the help of a new, modified metamodel. This metamodel includes the theoretical foundations, antecedents, components, context, mediators and impacts on performance dimensions of dynamic capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ten Steps to Responsible Inland Fisheries are global recommendations to address the subordinate position of inland fisheries in sustainability dialogues. Regional and local perspectives are essential for implementing global initiatives. Hence, we surveyed state fisheries agency administrators and American Fisheries Society Governing Board members about the importance, funding, and achievability of the Steps. Respondents rated Science, Communication, and Assessment as highly important, well funded, and achievable steps, unlike Aquaculture and a global Action Plan. Nutrition was rated the most inadequately supported yet achievable step, highlighting an opportunity to promote nutritional contributions of inland fisheries. Opinions were similar between administrators and Governing Board members across U.S. regions, suggesting a foundation for incorporating underemphasized steps into management programs by building multi‐organizational partnerships and applying lessons from better integrated steps (e.g., Science, Assessment). Overall, the Steps can advance freshwater science and management in the United States while increasing the visibility of inland fisheries that are rarely prioritized globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we want to draw the attention to the development of mathematical theory motivated by Management Science. Operations Research and Economics have been for long a source of sophisticated mathematical problems. This does not mean that there is a trend for abstraction disconnected with reality. On the contrary, it is the complexity of reality, together with the abundance of data, which requires more advanced mathematics. We hope that this very promising situation will motivate young talented mathematicians to devote their energy in this direction, and that this paper will provide some encouragement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of Library anxiety on the academic performance of undergraduate students at the faculty of management sciences, university of Peshawar. Design/Methodology/Approach Library anxiety is a psychological barrier to academic success among college students. A questionnaire was designed and distributed among 262 students of the faculty of management science at the University of Peshawar; 244 questionnaires were collected with a response rate of 93.12 based on Krejcie and Morgan's (1970) table of sample size determination. Findings The results indicate that the students were more anxious about library staff than other factors. Thus it can be inferred that the attitude of library staff made a significant contribution to the degree of library anxiety among students, which made them unable to utilize library resources and services effectively. Such behaviour also contributed to other areas of library anxiety-like non-use or avoidance of the library by students, resulting in poor academic grades. Practical implications The finding of this study is helpful for other faculties at the University of Peshawar and provinces exclusively. The study is unique; no other studies have been conducted by anyone earlier at this faculty. This study provides a holistic sketch of literature on the same issue. Originality/value On the one hand, this study initially provides the use of libraries in the faculty of management science at the University of Peshawar. Still, on the other hand, it also provides a remedial measurement of library anxiety and its usage. The study will be helpful for background knowledge in future research and stakeholders, academia and scholars in the field may get optimal knowledge on the same issues in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management practices, which consist of activities for cooperation and coordination in a group of people in line with the effective and efficient realization of goals, are as old as social life. However, management science, which is a systematic collection of information about management and organizations, is the product of the 20th century. This knowledge community, which seems quite young, has developed rapidly in a century, and its scientific quality has increased. It has been accepted by everyone that Barnard's contribution to this knowledge community, which constitutes the management discipline, is important in the accumulation of existing scientific knowledge. In this study, Chester Irving Barnard's (1886-1961) contribution to management science and the validity of what he said for today's world will be examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the cross perspective of communication science and administration management, based on complex network theory, this paper constructs a model of stock price fluctuation risk contagion, which comprehensively considers media sentiment and government supervision strategy, and deeply analyzes the contagion mechanism of stock price fluctuation risk under the interaction of media sentiment and government supervision strategy. The main conclusions are as follows: The stock association network established by random way is more likely to cause contagion of stock price fluctuation risk. Media sentiment tendency, media sentiment intensity, and media attention persistence have positive "U" relationship, inverted "U" relationship, and positive correlation with contagion intensity of stock price fluctuation risk, respectively. There is a negative correlation between the strength, persistence, and timeliness of government supervision and the contagion intensity of stock price fluctuation risk. There is a positive correlation between market noise and contagion intensity of stock price fluctuation risk, and market noise has a restraining effect on media sentiment and government supervision strategy. In addition, the stock price fluctuation risk is inherent risk in the stock market, which cannot be eliminated by adjusting media sentiment and government supervision strategy, but its contagion intensity can be effectively controlled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This article investigates the research problem of digital solutions to overcome the pandemic, more closely examining the limited effectiveness and scope of the governmental COVID-19 tracing apps, using the German COVID-19 tracing app (Corona-Warn-App) as an example. A well-designed and effective instrument in the technological toolbox is of utmost importance to overcome the pandemic.Method: A multi-methodological design science research approach was applied. In three development and evaluation cycles, we presented, prototyped, and tested user-centered ideas of functional and design improvement. The applied procedure contains (1) a survey featuring 1993 participants from Germany for evaluating the current app, (2) a gathering of recommendations from epidemiologists and from a focus group discussion with IT and health experts identifying relevant functional requirements, and (3) an online survey combined with testing our prototype with 53 participants to evaluate the enhanced tracing app.Results: This contribution presents 14 identified issues of the German COVID-19 tracing app, six meta-requirements, and three design principles for COVID-19 tracing apps and future pandemic apps (e.g., more user involvement and transparency). Using an interactive prototype, this study presents an extended pandemic app, containing 13 potential front-end (i.e., information on the regional infection situation, education and health literacy, crowd and event notification) and six potential back-end functional requirements (i.e., ongoing modification of risk score calculation, indoor versus outdoor). In addition, a user story approach for the COVID-19 tracing app was derived from the findings, supporting a holistic development approach.Conclusion: Throughout this study, practical relevant findings can be directly transferred to the German and other international COVID-19 tracing applications. Moreover, we apply our findings to crisis management theory-particularly pandemic-related apps-and derive interdisciplinary learnings. It might be recommendable for the involved decision-makers and stakeholders to forego classic application management and switch to using an agile setup, which allows for a more flexible reaction to upcoming changes. It is even more important for governments to have a well-established, flexible, design-oriented process for creating and adapting technology to handle a crisis, as this pandemic will not be the last one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to fisheries declines and delayed population recoveries, many management agencies globally are integrating alternative strategies that incorporate precautionary and ecosystem considerations, increasingly focusing on climate variability and change. Here, we quantitatively evaluate how these themes have been incorporated into the science and management plans for Canada's fisheries by analyzing the content of 905 research and management documents published by the Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) for the Atlantic and Eastern Arctic regions. We found that the precautionary approach was mentioned much more frequently (44%) than climate change (11%) or ecosystem approaches to fisheries management (1%). Of research documents that mentioned climate change, 61% contained only a single reference to it, suggesting that it is not quantitatively evaluated in the science that informs the advisory and decision-making processes. Most references to climate change in the DFO research documents expressed high uncertainty of how climate change would impact the stock dynamics. We propose explanations for this and discuss approaches for increasing the incorporation of these themes into Canada's fishery management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a great deal of criticism of the low relationship between the research processes and the business context in faculties, the management programs, and the poorly positioned business schools. This paper aims at determining relevant topics in administrative sciences by applying the analysis of networks to identify the institutions that handle recurrent topics, those that address specialized topics, and the territories that include research in the administrative field. The study identified the best worldwide and nationwide faculties, management programs, and business schools; and from this selection, we built a relational model of the interactions between institutions and topics by using the network theory. This type of analysis was implemented since it allows a systematic review, and the results become inputs that contribute to subsequent decision making by institutions involved in this field. Among the results, we identified the Columbia Business School, INSEAD Business School, Cornell Business College, Harvard Business School and, finally, the SLOAN School of Management of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as notable institutional nodes. Finally, the relevant thematic nodes were identified: those that are related to finance, entrepreneurship, globalization, and leadership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The progressive unpredictability of socio-economic or biological changes (e.g. the SARS-CoV-2/COVID 19 pandemic), the multi-directional nature of their impact, the variability of intensity, and the uncertainty in estimating potential effects hinders the stable and planned operation of modern supply chains. This irreversible situation proves the high unreliability of existing traditional measuring instruments of classical economics and the methods used so far in the field of management and quality sciences. This article aims to present an exemplary set of expectations towards contemporary supply chains that are particularly relevant to the emerging market challenges in the form of mega-trends of threats and conditions, also those particularly emphasized during the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic. It is primarily a pandemic (taken as a critical exogenous factor) resulting in severe "disorders" in supply chains. The actual level of supply chain resilience depends on its inherent characteristics and is termed "vulnerabilities", while an active supply chain response to emerging "disorders" is treated as its "resilience". For these reasons, the author proposes a holistic view of the nature of the supply chain system and its processes. The proposed approach, based on the method of interpretative (qualitative) research enriched with the idiographic nomothetic approach, is treated as a creative alternative that does not exclude other possibilities of perception of the supply chain, but, in its intellectual diversity, complements other methods of understanding its system, processes, and logistics management. Such an approach with a dominant hypothetical-inductive character allows for creating a platform for broader scientific discussions, positioning itself in the sphere of simplifying reality or creating a theoretical construct for the possibility of formulating the foundations of the preliminary theory. These considerations lead to the conclusion that such an attempt at a new, broader perspective, both at the emerging threats and vulnerability, is related to the level of risk, demonstrating that the Supply Chain Critical Functionality is a consequence of many different factors, including time, costs, and delays in deliveries. Such a view allows for a more comprehensive systematization of the epistemological layer in the area of directional perception and application of logistics, showing many similarities but also significant differences with phenomena that are characteristic of other areas of logistics application and the perception of the conditions for the functioning of modern supply chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a web-based application that can be used to help teach linear programming (LP) using an active learning approach in business courses such as management science and decision analysis. The software asks 42 integrated questions that guide students in creating product mix models and performing related analysis in Excel with Solver. Automated grading and extensive commentary provide fast feedback and help students more holistically understand topical relationships. Humor helps make learning the material more engaging and fun. The application uses randomized data and cell layout locations to encourage academic integrity and make repeated practice more value-adding. Assessment results suggest that the application offers challenges and supports learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The report presents a part of a study, which aims to identify the challenges to the strategic management of higher education and science in Bulgaria in the new decade. Critical remarks and summaries have been made, which have methodological and theoretical significance for the strategic management of higher education. Conclusions and recommendations for the specific management area are formulated, which should be useful for the administrative science and the management practice. The report is another step towards the theoretical implementation of a New Model of Strategic Management of Higher Education and Science in Bulgaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anguillid eels are found globally in fresh, transitional and saline waters and have played an important role in human life for centuries. The population status of several species is now of significant concern. The threats to populations include direct exploitation at different life stages, blockages to migratory routes by dams and other structures, changes in river basin management that impact habitat carrying capacity and suitability, pollution, climate change, diseases and parasites. While much has been done to understand eel biology and ecology, a major challenge is to identify the key research and management questions so that effective and targeted studies can be designed to inform conservation, management and policy. We gathered 30 experts in the field of eel biology and management to review the current state of knowledge for anguillid eel species and to identify the main topics for research. The identified research topics fell into three themes: (a) Lifecycle and Biology; (b) Impacts and (c) Management. Although tropical anguillid eels are by far the least well understood, significant knowledge gaps exist for all species. Considerable progress has been made in the last 20 years, but the status of many species remains of great concern, particularly for northern temperate species. Without improved engagement and coordination at the regional, national and international level, the situation is unlikely to improve. Further, adaptive management mechanisms to respond to developments in science, policy and our knowledge of potential threats are required to ensure the future of these important and enigmatic species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past decades, a number of water sciences and management programs have been developed to better understand and manage the water cycles at multiple temporal and spatial scales for various purposes, such as ecohydrology, global hydrology, sociohydrology, supply management, demand management, and integrated water resources management (IWRM). At the same time, rapid advancements have also been taking place in tracing, mapping, remote sensing, machine learning, and modelling technologies in hydrological research. Despite those programs and advancements, a water crisis is intensifying globally. The missing link is effective interactions between the hydrological research and water resource management to support implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at multiple spatial scales. Since the watershed is the natural unit for water resources management, watershed science offers the potential to bridge this missing link. This study first reviews the advances in hydrological research and water resources management, and then discusses issues and challenges facing the global water community. Subsequently, it describes the core components of watershed science: (1) hydrological analysis; (2) water-operation policies; (3) governance; (4) management and feedback. The framework takes into account water availability, water uses, and water quality; explicitly focuses on the storage, fluxes, and quality of the hydrological cycle; defines appropriate local water resource thresholds through incorporating the planetary boundary framework; and identifies specific actionable measures for water resources management. It provides a complementary approach to the existing water management programs in addressing the current global water crisis and achieving the UN SDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

False assumptions of stationarity, the idea that natural systems fluctuate within a set and predictable range, are common in conservation policies and public expectations developed since the late 1800s. With examples from United States national forest and water quality policy, we discuss the challenges of nonstationarity for planning and policy. We also raise questions about how resilience is becoming institutionalized. One central problem of managing for resilience is that it does not address the nuances and tradeoffs of managing nonstationary systems, such as keeping some components stable while transforming others. We recommend four paths forward: address root causes of change, increase adaptive capacity, develop science for nonstationarity, and enhance pragmatic flexibility without lowering environmental standards. Dealing effectively with nonstationarity in resource management and science, within our legal and management system of overlapping authorities and capacities, is critical for the intertwined future of people and nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Firstly, the current situation of China's current marine science and technology talent ecological chain was analyzed, and then the problems in talent training were discussed. Finally, countermeasures to improve the talent ecological chain were proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-rank problems are nonlinear minimization problems in which the objective function, by means of a suitable linear transformation of the variables, depends on very few variables. These problems often arise in quantitative management science applications, for example, in location models, transportation problems, production planning, data envelopment analysis and multiobjective programs. They are usually approached by means of outer approximation, branch and bound, branch and select and optimal level solution methods. The paper studies, from both a theoretical and an algorithmic point of view, a class of large-dimension rank-two nonconvex problems having a polyhedral feasible region and |$f(x)=\phi (c^Tx+c_0,d^Tx+d_0)$| as the objective function. The proposed solution algorithm unifies a new partitioning method, an outer approximation approach and a mixed method. The results of a computational test are provided to compare these three approaches with the optimal level solutions method. In particular, the new partitioning method performs very well in solving large problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent history, both a growing awareness of how scientific and societal uncertainty impacts management decisions and of the intrinsic value of nature have suggested new approaches to forest management, with a growing debate in forest science over the need for a paradigmatic shift from the classic conventional world view, based on determinism, predictability, and output-oriented management, towards a world view that has roots in complex adaptive systems theory and is consistent with a nature-based ethic. A conceptual framework under this context is provided by systemic silviculture. In this discussion, we analyze how this approach can be linked to three fundamental moments of the history of forestry and forest science: the Dauerwald theory, Gurnaud's control method, and the origins of environmental ethics. Relationships with the recent history of forest management science and current research perspectives are also highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combining qualitative and quantitative methods and data is crucial to understanding the complex dynamics and often interdisciplinary nature of conservation. Many conservation scientists use mixed methods, but there are a variety of mixed methods approaches, a lack of shared vocabulary, and few methodological frameworks. We reviewed articles from 2 conservation‐related fields that often incorporate qualitative and quantitative methods: land‐change science (n = 16) and environmental management (n = 16). We examined how authors of these studies approached mixed methods research by coding key methodological characteristics, including relationships between method objectives, extent of integration, iterative interactions between methods, and justification for use of mixed methods. Using these characteristics, we created a typology with the goal of improving understanding of how researchers studying land‐change science and environmental management approach interdisciplinary mixed methods research. We identified 5 types of mixed methods approaches, which we termed simple nested, informed nested, simple parallel, unidirectional synthesis, and bidirectional synthesis. Methods and data sources were often used to address different research questions within a project, and only around half of the reviewed papers methodologically integrated different forms of data. Most authors used one method to inform the other, rather than both informing one another. Very few articles used methodological iteration. Each methodological type has certain epistemological implications, such as the disciplinary reach of the research and the capacity for knowledge creation through the exchange of information between distinct methodologies. To exemplify a research design that can lead to multidimensional knowledge production, we provide a methodological framework that bidirectionally integrates and iterates qualitative and quantitative methods. Article impact statement: Articles with mixed methods fit into 5 methodological types in which there is limited integration and iteration among methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contribution: This article presents a research for enhancing the computer science students’ perception on the software project management subject. The main objective of this article is double. The first one is to redesign the current course by including new teaching and new learning methods that encourage students to learn the project management competences and skills. The second one is to analyze the satisfaction of the students regarding the new software project management course. The design of the new course has been based on the improvement proposals from the students, which were collected throughout a grounded theory (GT) study during two academic years. Background: Students must be motivated with both the technical and other transversal competencies provided by the different subjects in the computer science curricula. It is not easy to teach a management subject because students do not clearly find the relationship with their studies. However, it is widely accepted that computer science students need to be trained in project management to be able to work at full capacity in the industry. There is not much literature on how to increase the motivation of students in management subjects. Research Question: Which are the causes and consequences of a low level of interest for software project management in computer science studies? Methodology: Two different experiments were carried out. The first one consisted of determining, during two academic years, the main reasons why computer science students do not get to comprehend the need for such this subject in the curricula. From the GT results, a set of innovative actions were introduced in order to redesign the subject. In the second experiment, during the following two academic years, the satisfaction of the students regarding the changes introduced in the course was analyzed. Findings: The first finding was obtained from the GT study conducted. Four causes influencing students to do not give enough importance to software project management, two consequences derived from these causes and three contingencies to potentially mitigate the consequences were identified. The second finding was the corroboration that the new course design contributes to student motivation and engagement. Through the evaluation of the new course, students can better understand project management techniques and their application to projects. Data collected show that students are aware of the importance of these skills and competencies for their background and professional profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gathering knowledge from expert practitioners is a hallmark of construction engineering and management research. However, the knowledge gathered is dependent on the knowledge of the people we talk to. Accordingly, this paper used a content analysis of 12 months of recent technical articles and case study publications in the Journal of Construction Engineering and Management to explore characteristics of research respondents that authors publishing in this journal feel are important to document. Authors report some subset of research respondents' job type or role, years of experience, subject matter expertise, geography or nationality, organization and sector details, project type, professional qualifications, sex, race and ethnicity, ability, and language. Accordingly, this paper recommends that researchers should report at least these categories, and that researchers also should discuss research limitations that may result from the types of people they collect knowledge from. This change will make visible voices that are dominant or underrepresented in construction engineering and management research. In addition, by eliminating an otherwise unstated limitation, this change will result in improved construction engineering and management science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study was aimed to scrutinize the research output of the Faculty members of Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak having PhD degree, from 2012 to 2019. Material and Method: Bibliometric approach was adopted to conduct this study. The study was delimited to the regular faculty members of Khushal Khan Khattak University Karak having PhD degree in their relevant field. Results: The results show that Dr. Saeed Ullah Jan is the most prolific authors with 41 publications followed by Dr. Anwar Khan with 40 papers. Department wise productivity shows that Department of Management Sciences is ranked high in research productivity with 63 publications, followed by Department of Library and Information Science (62). It was noted that the year wise research output during the study period was fluctuating. Recommendations: University should have to hire more PhD faculty and offer incentives for the promotion of research culture in this newly established University of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Develops a simple inventory model with closed-form solutions for a deteriorating item. • Optimal solutions derived without using derivatives in a concise and elegant way. • Numerical results show the model's accuracy for different parameter values. • Comparison to an earlier approach that is more complicated and not intuitive. We consider the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model for exponentially deteriorating items in which the items deteriorate at a rate proportional to the inventory level per unit time, which leads to an exponentially decreasing inventory level function over time. The coexistence of the exponential and polynomial terms in the total cost function makes closed-form exact solutions impossible, so approximations are used. Methods that optimize management science models without derivatives have recently been used to provide insights to managers who may not have a background in calculus. We propose such an approach for the deteriorating items inventory model with and without planned backorders and compare it with an existing one. Our derivation is much simpler and succinct; our closed-form solution is more intuitive than the existing one. We conduct numerical experiments to analyze the accuracy of the closed-form solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops an argument against causal decision theory. I formulate a principle of preference, which I call the Guaranteed Principle. I argue that the preferences of rational agents satisfy the Guaranteed Principle, that the preferences of agents who embody causal decision theory do not, and hence that causal decision theory is false. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study on the methodology of conducting the research process indicates the scarcity of an empirical approach to a problem of quality of the research process. In this paper, the determinants of the quality of the research process in the management sciences were examined. The authors employed the commonly used principal component analysis (PCA), also known as factor analysis. Furthermore, the article presents a holistic, structured and configurable framework that would result in the construction of an appropriate research methodology. The research work carried out within the discipline of management sciences must be embedded both in terms of theory and practice. Although the management sciences are most often treated as applied or practical sciences, they also undertake theoretical research in their scope, because no science can develop without theoretical research. This paper aims to identify the factors influencing the quality of the research process as the complementary elements to the contemporary methodological approaches. The analysis of the domestic and foreign scientific background, as well as the drawn conclusions, turned on the modifications introduced over the years in the management methods. The management methodology is constantly expanding by new methods, the latter being of diverse cognitive and practical effectiveness. The constant growth of diagnostic instruments has been dependent, mainly, on changes occurring in the environment. Moreover, it is connected to the need to make use of more sophisticated and effective tools. The article focused on meta-analysis as a research process and qualitative approach to the research process on the example of research results. Empirical research confirms the existence of factors that constitute a criterion supporting the assessment of the quality of the conducted research process. In the management sciences, the quality of the research process is defined as verifying the degree of implementation and consistency of the objectives of the work following the research problem and conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work provides a cogent review of biomarketing. Biomarketing is an emerging discipline that crisscross the fields of management and science. Biomarketing is defined as the marketing of bio-relevant products and services within the global biosphere. Biomarketing pose that the interactions between salespeople and customers can be studied from a biological perspective. The emerging research in marketing studying buyer-seller interactions has explored the role of genes, hormones, and pleasure and pain processes. Clarity in health communication aid customer understanding of brand information. Brand management is explicitly focused on the application of all relevant marketing techniques in order to boost the perceived value of bio-relevant product to the customers. Biomarketing companies are different from regular marketing agency in that they know the physician and the science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]