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53. SuperAGILE ground calibrations and first in orbit observations

Author

M. Trifoglio, M. Mastropietro, E. Del Monte, Ennio Morelli, L. Semeraro, Alessio Trois, P. Rossi, A. Lo Bue, Alfredo Morbidini, Alda Rubini, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, Fulvio Gianotti, Massimo Rapisarda, I. Lapshov, G. Di Persio, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, Paolo Soffitta, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, and Francesco Lazzarotto

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Steradian, Field of view, Orbital mechanics, Sky, Calibration, Satellite, Angular resolution, Image resolution, media_common, Remote sensing
Abstract

The Italian small satellite mission AGILE has been launched the 23rd of April 2007. SuperAGILE is the solidstate hard X-ray imager of the mission. It is a coded-mask imager, with six arcmin angular resolution, a field of view in excess of 1 steradian, and a gross energy resolution. Ground calibration campaigns have been performed in the last year to optimize the detector response, for the energy calibration, to obtain the effective area at various angles for various energy bands, to study location accuracy and angular resolution. In this paper we report the preliminary results achieved. The AGILE satellite has just finished the first and larger part of its commissioning phase. SuperAGILE successfully passed the commissioning tests, and it is now in its final configuration. It is observing the X-ray sky since the end of June as a part of the Science Verification Phase. The in-flight calibrations has been started and will ended at the end of October. We show the first data obtained with the instrument in the first months of observations.

Published
2007
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55. The AGILE Mission and Gamma-Ray Bursts

Author

Geiland Porrovecchio, M. Rapisarda, F. Mauri, P. Soffitta, Francesco Longo, Martino Marisaldi, I. Donnarumma, M. Trifoglio, E. Del Monte, L. Foggetta, P. Picozza, A. Argan, G. Barbiellini, C. Pittori, M. Prest, T. Froysland, Andrea Bulgarelli, Claudio Labanti, F. Perotti, Enrico Costa, D. Zanello, A. Rubini, M. Galli, G. Di Persio, Massimo Frutti, L. Pacciani, A. W. Chen, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, Alessandro Traci, Marco Tavani, F. Lazzarotto, M. Feroci, F. Liello, A. Trois, M. Mastropietro, M. Fiorini, E. Vallazza, P. A. Caraveo, F. Boffelli, C. Pontoni, P. Lipari, Sandro Mereghetti, E. Rossi, S. Vercellone, E. Morelli, M. Basset, A. Pellizzoni, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Giuliani, F. Fuschino, I. Lapshov, A. Morselli, F. Gianotti, Longo, Francesco, Tavani, M, BARBIELLINI AMIDEI, Guido, Argan, A, Basset, M, Boffelli, F, Bulgarelli, A, Caraveo, P, Cattaneo, P, Chen, A, Costa, E, DEL MONTE, E, DI COCCO, G, DI PERSIO, G, Donnarumma, I, Feroci, M, Fiorini, M, Foggetta, L, Froysland, T, Frutti, M, Fuschino, F, Galli, M, Gianotti, F, Giuliani, A, Labanti, C, Lapshov, I, Lazzarotto, F, Liello, F, Lipari, P, Marisaldi, M, Mastropietro, M, Mattaini, E, Mauri, F, Mereghetti, S, Morelli, E, Morselli, A, Pacciani, L, Pellizzoni, A, Perotti, F, Picozza, P, Pittori, C, Pontoni, C, Porrovecchio, G, Prest, M, Rapisarda, M, Rossi, E, Rubini, A, Soffitta, P, Traci, A, Trifoglio, M, Trois, A, Vallazza, E, Vercellone, S, and Zanello

Subjects
Physics, AGILE, gamma-ray satellite, gamma-ray burst, Photon, Active galactic nucleus, Calorimeter (particle physics), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Universe, Particle acceleration, Supernova, Sky, Gamma-ray burst, media_common
Abstract

The AGILE Mission will explore the gamma‐ray Universe with a very innovative instrument combining for the first time a gamma‐ray imager and a hard X‐ray imager. AGILE will be operational at the beginning of 2007 and it will provide crucial data for the study of Active Galactic Nuclei, Gamma‐Ray Bursts, unidentified gamma‐ray sources, Galactic compact objects, supernova remnants, TeV sources, and fundamental physics by microsecond timing. The AGILE instrument is designed to simultaneously detect and image photons in the 30 MeV – 50 GeV and 15 – 45 keV energy bands with excellent imaging and timing capabilities, and a large field of view covering ∼ 1/5 of the entire sky at energies above 30 MeV. A CsI calorimeter is capable of GRB triggering in the energy band 0.3–50 MeV. The broadband detection of GRBs and the study of implications for particle acceleration and high energy emission are primary goals of the mission. AGILE can image GRBs with 2–3 arcminute error boxes in the hard X‐ray range, and provide bro...

Published
2007

56. The on-ground calibrations of SuperAGILE: I. X-ray pencil beam

Author

Geiland Porrovecchio, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, I. Lapshov, Massimo Rapisarda, Ennio Morelli, E. Del Monte, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, Amanda Generosi, Valerio Rossi-Albertini, Massimo Frutti, G. Di Persio, M. Mastropietro, Francesco Lazzarotto, Paolo Soffitta, Alda Rubini, G. Sabatino, and Enrico Costa

Subjects
Physics, Parallel beam, High-energy astronomy, business.industry, Detector, X-ray, Collimator, Collimated light, law.invention, Optics, law, Calibration, Omnidirectional antenna, business
Abstract

The Flight Model of the SuperAGILE experiment was calibrated on-ground using an X-ray generator and individual radioactive sources at IASF Rome on August 2005. Here we describe the set-up, the measurements and the preliminary results of the calibration session carried out with the X-ray generator. The calibration with omnidirectional radioactive sources are reported elsewhere. The beam was collimated using a two slits system in order to reach a rectangular spot at the detector approximately 1800 μm × 100 μm in size. The long dimension was aligned with the detector strip, so that the short dimension could fall within one single detector strip (121 μm wide). The detector was then slowly moved continuously such that the beam effectively scanned along the coding direction. This measurement was done both at detection plane level (i.e., without collimator and mask) to characterize the detector response, and at experiment level (i.e., with collimator, mask and digital electronics), to study the imaging response. Aim of this calibration is the measurement of the imaging response at 0, 10 and 20 degrees off-axis, with a parallel beam, although spatially limited to a ~2 mm long section of the coded mask.

Published
2006
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57. SuperAGILE at launch

Author

G. Sabatino, Geiland Porrovecchio, Alda Rubini, I. Lapshov, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, Francesco Lazzarotto, G. Di Persio, Massimo Rapisarda, Paolo Soffitta, E. Del Monte, M. Mastropietro, A. Argan, Olga Uberti, Enrico Costa, Marco Feroci, Massimo Frutti, Luigi Pacciani, Marco Tavani, and Ennio Morelli

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Optical engineering, media_common.quotation_subject, Antenna aperture, Detector, Field of view, Optics, Sky, Hard X-rays, Angular resolution, business, Image resolution, media_common
Abstract

SuperAGILE is the hard X-ray (15-45 keV) imager for the gamma-ray mission AGILE, currently scheduled for launch in early 2007. It is based on 4 Si-microstrip detectors, with a total geometric area of 1444 cm2 (max effective area 230 cm2), equipped with 4 one-dimensional coded masks. The 4 detectors are perpendicularly oriented, in order to provide pairs of orthogonal one-dimensional images of the X-ray sky. The field of view of each 1-D detector is 107° x 68°, at zero response, with an overlap in the central 68° x 68° area. The angular resolution on axis is 6 arcmin. We present here the current status of the hardware development and the scientific perspective.© (2006) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Published
2006
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58. The on-ground calibrations of SuperAGILE: II. Finite distance radioactive sources

Author

Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, Massimo Rapisarda, Geiland Porrovecchio, I. Lapshov, P. Rossi, G. Sabatino, M. Mastropietro, E. Del Monte, Ennio Morelli, A. Lo Bue, Alda Rubini, G. Di Persio, Massimo Frutti, Paolo Soffitta, Enrico Costa, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, and Francesco Lazzarotto

Subjects
Point spread function, Physics, Optics, Flight model, business.industry, Calibration, Omnidirectional antenna, business, Beam divergence
Abstract

The Flight model of SuperAGILE experiment was calibrated on-ground on August 2005 at IASF-Rome laboratories using standard radioactive X-rays sources. These omnidirectional sources were positioned at approximately 2 meters distance from the experiment. A method to correct for the beam divergence has been developed in order to use these measurements to derive information about the point spread function of the experiment for infinite distance sources. In this paper we describe the set-up of the measurements, the method to correct for the beam divergence and show preliminary results of the data analysis.

Published
2006
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59. An apparatus to investigate the fragmentation of molecular dications by electron impact

Author

R. Platania, Lorenzo Avaldi, E. Fainelli, M. Mastropietro, F. Maracci, and G. Alberti

Subjects
Chemical ionization, Materials science, Spectrometer, Auger effect, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, ION COINCIDENCE EXPERIMENT, IONIZED MOLECULES, AUGER-SPECTRA, NITRIC-OXIDE, N2 MOLECULE, STATES, SPECTROSCOPY, N-2, IONIZATION, EXCITATION, Mass spectrometry, Ion, symbols.namesake, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Ionization, symbols, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Electron ionization
Abstract

An experimental setup to study the fragmentation of molecular dications formed via inner shell ionization by electron impact is described. The main components of the setup are a cylindrical mirror analyzer, CMA, used to detect the Auger electrons, which mark the molecular site where the ionization occurred and select the state of the dication, and a time of flight mass spectrometer, TOF-MS, used to detect the parent doubly charged ion or its fragments. The fragmentation is studied via Auger electron-ion and Auger electron-ion-ion coincidence experiments. The results of the measurements used to characterize the spectrometer are presented and discussed. Then the potentialities of the setup are described via selected examples of its applications.

Published
2005
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61. SuperAGILE: The Hard X-ray Imager of AGILE

Author

A. Argan, B. Preger, A. Rubini, E. Morelli, Massimo Frutti, M. Rapisarda, E. Vallazza, F. Longo, E. Del Monte, P. Soffitta, G. Ghirlanda, M. Mastropietro, G. Barbiellini, M. Prest, F. Lazzarotto, Sandro Mereghetti, L. Barbanera, I. Lapshov, A. Pellizzoni, E. Costa, Geiland Porrovecchio, M. Feroci, M. Tavani, S. Vercellone, G. Di Persio, and L. Pacciani

Subjects
Physics, Pixel, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Detector, Resolution (electron density), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Field of view, Optics, Sky, Angular resolution, business, Gamma-ray burst, media_common, Agile software development
Abstract

SuperAGILE is the hard X‐ray (10–40 keV) imager for the gamma‐ray mission AGILE, currently scheduled for launch in mid‐2005. It is based on 4 Si‐microstrip detectors, with a total geometric area of 1444 cm2 (max effective about 300 cm2), equipped with one‐dimensional coded masks. The 4 detectors are perpendicularly oriented, in order to provide pairs of orthogonal one‐dimensional images of the X‐ray sky. The field of view of each 1‐D detector is 107 °×68°, at zero response, with an overlap in the central 68°×68° area. The angular resolution on axis is 6 arcmin (pixel size). We present here the current status of the hardware development and the scientific potential for GRBs, for which an onboard trigger and imaging system will allow distributing locations through a fast communication telemetry link from AGILE to the ground.

Published
2004
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62. Super-agile—The X-ray detector for the gamma-ray mission agile

Author

A. Rubini, V. Cocco, I. Lapshov, S. Vercellone, B. Martino, C. Pittori, P. A. Caraveo, F. Perotti, L. Barbanera, Claudio Labanti, M. Feroci, P. Picozza, E. Vallazza, M. Tavani, F. Longo, Massimo Frutti, E. Costa, M. Prest, Sandro Mereghetti, M. Mastropietro, G. Budini, G. Di Cocco, A. Morselli, G. Barbiellini, E. Morelli, M. Rapisarda, and P. Soffitta

Subjects
Physics, X-ray astronomy, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, X-ray detector, Gamma ray, Particle detector, Optics, Observatory, Electronics, business, Gamma-ray burst
Abstract

The gamma-ray observatory AGILE, the first ASI Small Mission, is planned to operate in 2002–2005. We present here Super-AGILE, an X-ray detector added on top of the gamma-ray tracker. Super-AGILE will have a large field of view, providing hard X-ray imaging and moderate spectroscopy together with the gamma-ray detector. Super-AGILE is composed by Si-microstrip detectors, equipped with a low-noise electronics allowing a sensitive range of 10–40 keV, and coupled with a set of mutually orthogonal one-dimensional coded masks. A bi-dimensional source location capability is obtained by dividing the total 1444 cm2 geometric area of the detectors in two orthogonal directions.

Published
2001
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63. Fully resolved kinematics of grazing-incidence (e,2e) experiments

Author

S. Iacobucci, Alessandro Ruocco, M Mastropietro, Stéphane Rioual, G. Stefan, Iacobucci, S, Ruocco, Alessandro, Rioual, S, Mastropietro, M, and Stefan, G.

Subjects
Spectrometer, Chemistry, business.industry, Binding energy, Solid angle, Surfaces and Interfaces, Electron, Condensed Matter Physics, Electron spectroscopy, Spectral line, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Computational physics, Azimuth, Optics, Ionization, Materials Chemistry, business
Abstract

The capability of grazing-incidence (e,2e) spetroscopy to map the spectral momentum density rho(epsilon, q) of the valence electronic states in surfaces was demonstrated by a pioneering experiment in which both the band structure (binding energy, epsilon, versus momentum, q) and the momentum density, rho, were obtained [S, Rioual et al., Phys. Rev. B 57 (1998) 2545]. (e,2e) experiments reveal, in coincidence, after energy and angle selection, the two final electrons generated by the impact of a primary electron on the surface. The momentum resolution achieved by the first experiment was limited because of the integration over the wide solid angle accepted by the ejected-electrons analyzer. This limitation has been overcome in the present work by upgrading the ejected-electrons analyzer with a position-sensitive detector (PSD). The PSD allows us to measure the azimuth angle of the ejected electrons, and hence to collect in a parallel mode (e,2e) spectra that are fully differential in momentum. Preliminary data relative to the ionization of the pi-band of highly oriented pyrolitic graphite (HOPG) show that a momentum resolution better than 0.2 Angstrom(-1) has been achieved without degrading the overall spectrometer luminosity. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2000

65. Attitude Control Systems for Scientific Balloon Payloads

Author

G. Medici, L. Boccaccini, M. Mastropietro, C. La Padula, V. F. Polcaro, G. Auriemma, C. Marchetti, P. Ubertini, and R. Patriarca

Subjects
Attitude control, Physics, Feedback control, Control system, Pointing systems, Control engineering, Balloon, Two stages
Abstract

In this paper we describe two stabilization systems developed for balloon borne payloads in X-ray astronomy experiments. One of them was employed in a 19 hours transmediterranean flight during summer 1978. The gondola, with a two stages pointing system was at lift-off about 300 kilos; the pointing requirement was 0.5 degrees precision. The control loop and the dynamical stability of the system are described and the in-flight performance is discussed.

Published
1979
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66. The POKER experiment: A 10,800 cm2 MWPC's array payload for hard X-Ray Astronomy

Author

V. F. Polcaro, R. K. Manchanda, M. Mastropietro, G. Sabatino, A. Bazzano, C. La Padula, P. Ubertini, R. Patriarca, and L. Boccaccini

Subjects
Physics, Very large array, Atmospheric Science, X-ray astronomy, COSMIC cancer database, Payload, business.industry, Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Field of view, Collimated light, Geophysics, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, High pressure, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Spectral resolution, business
Abstract

In this paper the POKER-HXR81M hard X-Ray payload is described. The instrument, designed and built at the Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale of Frascati, is a very large array of MultiWire Proportional Counters (MWPC) devoted to stratospheric observations of cosmic sources in the field of hard X-Ray Astronomy. The payload basically consists of four passively collimated MWPC's having a geometric sensitive area of 2,700 cm2 each with an efficiency higher than 10% in the operative range 15–200 KeV (80% at 60 KeV) with a square field of view of 5° × 5° FWHM. The overall spectral resolution is 13% at 60 KeV. The four MWPC's are filled with a very pure gas mixture of Xenon-Argon-Isobuthane at high pressure (3 bars). This experiment has been successfully flown during summer 1981 from the Milo balloon facility (Sicily, Italy). The performances of the payload and the preliminary results obtained during the 17 hours flight are discussed.

Published
1983
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67. The Basic Unit of the Imaging Plane of the ZEBRA Low Energy Gamma Ray Telescope

Author

R. C. Butler, M. Mastropietro, R. Santambrogio, P. Ubertini, P. M. Caralambous, S. Traci, S. M. Holder, A. Bussini, G. Di Cocco, F. Perotti, S. Donati, G. Graham, F. A. Younis, G. Boella, Ezio Caroli, A. J. Dean, and Gabriele E. Villa

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Scintillation, business.industry, Bar (music), Attenuation, Signal, Particle detector, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Scintillation counter, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract

The mechanical, elecrtical, and performance characteristics of one element of the ZEBRA telescope's position sensitive aetection plane are presented. One unit comprises a NaI(Tl) bar 55×5,8×5 cm thick and two photomultiplier tubes one mounted on each end. The surface of the bar has been treated to enhance the exponential attenuation of the scintillation light produced by an event. The signal from the two tubes are taken in coincidence and, by the application of two simple algoritms, the energy and position of the event along the bar can be calculated. The tubes are powered by two programmable low consumption high tension supplies. Their digital control makes automatic gain correction feasible during the flight.

Published
1986
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68. An imaging escape gated MWPC for hard X-ray astronomy

Author

R. C. Butler, C. La Padula, L. Barbareschi, F. Perotti, Gabriele E. Villa, R. Patriarca, L. Boccaccini, V. F. Polcaro, G. Spada, G. Di Cocco, M. Mastropietro, A. J. Dean, P. M. Charalambous, A. Bazzano, P. Ubertini, and J.B. Stephen

Subjects
Physics, X-ray astronomy, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Detector, General Engineering, Proportional counter, Cosmic ray, Optics, Sky, Spectral resolution, business, Image resolution, media_common, Space environment
Abstract

A scientific forward step in the hard X-ray and soft gamma-ray astronomy will only be possible with the use of a new generation of space borne instruments. Their main characteristics have to the two-dimensional imaging capability over a large collecting area and the fine spectral resolution in order to discriminate between the weak signal coming from cosmic sources to be detected and the strong background induced by cosmic rays, in the space environment, on the detector. To reach this goal we have developed a new hard X-ray position sensitive proportional counter operating with the escape gate technique in the range 15–150 keV, to be used together with a pseudo-random coded mask in order to obtain sky images. The detector is a high pressure (5 bar) xenon-argon-isobutane filled chamber with a spatial resolution of 30 × 2 mm and a spectral resolution of 5% at 60 keV on the sensitive area of 3000 cm 2 .

Published
1983
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69. Design and performance of a one square meter proportional counter system for hard x-ray astronomy

Author

M. Mastropietro, R. K. Manchanda, P. Ubertini, L. Boccaccini, F. Polcaro, R. Patriarca, A. Bazzano, and C. La Padula

Subjects
Physics, X-ray astronomy, Photon, Fabrication, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, General Engineering, Proportional counter, Ceiling (cloud), law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Spectral resolution, business
Abstract

A versatile balloon borne hard X-ray experiment with a very large area (≈1.1 m2) and high spectral resolution has been developed for the study of the hard X-ray sources in the energy range 20–180 keV. The telescope consists of four multiwire proportional chambers (MWPC) that have a geometrical sensitive area of 2700 cm2 each. The detector system has a sensitivity of ≈10−5 photons cm−2s−1 keV−1 during a typical ballon observation. A background rate of ≈3×10−4 counts cm−2s−1 keV−1 was observed in the operative energy range at 2.4 gm/cm2 ceiling altitude and geographic latitude of 38°N. The design details, fabrication and flight performance of the instrument are briefly discussed with reference to the effectiveness of background reduction and other test parameters.

Published
1983
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70. A large area multitechnique experiment for hard X-ray astronomy

Author

A. Bussini, G. Barbaglia, R. E. Baker, F. Perotti, R.A. Lewis, R. Santambrogio, L. Boccaccini, A. J. Dean, V. F. Polcaro, M. Quadrini, G. Ferrandi, G. Villa, D. Maccagni, R. Patriarca, Nigel Dipper, G. Boella, A. Carzaniga, D. Ramsden, Angela Bazzano, M. Mastropietro, Pietro Ubertini, and C. La Padula

Subjects
Physics, Atmospheric Science, X-ray astronomy, Scintillation, Photomultiplier, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Aerospace Engineering, Steradian, Astronomy and Astrophysics, X-ray telescope, Particle detector, law.invention, Telescope, Geophysics, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, law, Scintillation counter, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, business
Abstract

A balloon-borne multitechnique large-area experiment comprising two co-aligned detectors (3200 sq cm NaI and 1800 sq cm multiwire proportional counters) is described. The NaI array is an actively shielded scintillation device designed to operate over photon energies of 20 to 300 keV. The telescope comprises eight modules, each consisting of a 6-mm-thick NaI crystal that is actively shielded over the lower 2 pi steradians by a 5-cm-thick NaI(Tl) crystal. The two crystals are optically isolated and the scintillation light from the primary crystal is collected by means of a diffusive light collection system that is approximately 10 cm high and is set below the collimators. It is noted that each diffusion box is viewed by two photomultipliers set in electronic coincidence. This minimizes the effects of tube noise and raises the uniformity of response and the energy resolution of the unit. In addition, the shape of the diffusion box is designed to maximize the energy resolution of the telescope so that a typical value at 60 keV is 25 percent FWHM.

Published
1983
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71. The position sensitive low energy detector on board the ZEBRA telescope

Author

R. C. Butler, C. La Padula, L. Boccaccini, F. Perotti, R. Patriarca, G. Di Cocco, A. J. Dean, Gabriele E. Villa, P. M. Charalambous, John N. Carter, L. Barbareschi, J.B. Stephen, P. Ubertini, A. Bazzano, V. F. Polcaro, G. Spada, and M. Mastropietro

Subjects
Physics, Atmospheric Science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Aerospace Engineering, Proportional counter, Astronomy and Astrophysics, X-ray telescope, law.invention, Telescope, Geophysics, Low energy, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, Position (vector), law, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Angular resolution, Spectral resolution, business
Abstract

In order to improve the low energy capability (15 ÷ 150 KeV) of the balloon borne “ZEBRA” low energy gamma imaging telescope (150 KeV-20 MeV), a large area, high spectral resolution (5% at 60 KeV), low background detector has been designed and is now under development. It consists of two MultiWire Spectroscopic Proportional Counter (SPC), escape gated, that have a sensitive area of 6000 cm2, and are placed above the large area array of sodiumiodide position sensitive elements.

Published
1983
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72. An updated list of AGILE bright gamma-ray sources and their variability in pointing mode

Author

L. Salotti, A. Trois, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, Francesco Lucarelli, F. Gianotti, G. Barbiellini, R. Primavera, A. Rubini, F. Mauri, M. Prest, Alessandro Traci, F. Perotti, P. A. Caraveo, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, E. Moretti, Massimo Frutti, G. Valentini, Claudio Labanti, F. Liello, F. Fornari, L. A. Antonelli, G. De Paris, C. Pittori, M. Tavani, D. Zanello, F. Lazzarotto, G. Di Persio, L. Pacciani, A. Rappoldi, T. Froysland, G. Fanari, Martino Marisaldi, F. Fuschino, Geiland Porrovecchio, A. Argan, A. Morselli, P. Giommi, M. Pilia, P. Lipari, Andrea Bulgarelli, V. Cocco, S. Stellato, C. Pontoni, E. Morelli, M. Trifoglio, F. Longo, P. Picozza, E. Striani, S. Vercellone, T. Contessi, G. Piano, A. W. Chen, I. Lapshov, E. Del Monte, G. Pucella, S. Sabatini, A. Mauri, Sandro Mereghetti, A. Pellizzoni, E. Costa, M. Feroci, A. Giuliani, M. Fiorini, Elena M. Rossi, S. Colafrancesco, M. Mastropietro, V. Vittorini, M. Cardillo, Arnaud Ferrari, P. Santolamazza, P. W. Cattaneo, M. Rapisarda, P. Soffitta, E. Vallazza, M. Galli, F. Tamburelli, F. Verrecchia, F., Verrecchia, C., Pittori, A. W., Chen, A., Bulgarelli, M., Tavani, F., Lucarelli, P., Giommi, S., Vercellone, A., Pellizzoni, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, BARBIELLINI AMIDEI, Guido, M., Trifoglio, F., Gianotti, A., Argan, L. A., Antonelli, P., Caraveo, M., Cardillo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, S., Colafrancesco, T., Contessi, E., Costa, E., Del Monte, G., De Pari, G., Di Cocco, G., Di Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, G., Fanari, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, M., Galli, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, Moretti, Elena, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, R., Primavera, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Santolamazza, P., Soffitta, S., Stellato, E., Striani, F., Tamburelli, A., Traci, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, V., Vittorini, D., Zanello, L., Salotti, and G., Valentini

Subjects
catalog, Brightness, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, Astrophysics, gamma-ray source, gamma rays: galaxies, galaxie [gamma rays], Blazar, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Nebula, Crab Pulsar, Mode (statistics), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma rays: general, Galactic plane, silicon tracker, AGILE satellite, Space and Planetary Science, catalogs, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, general [gamma rays]
Abstract

We present a variability study of a sample of bright gamma-ray (30 MeV -- 50 GeV) sources. This sample is an extension of the first AGILE catalogue of gamma-ray sources (1AGL), obtained using the complete set of AGILE observations in pointing mode performed during a 2.3 year period from July 9, 2007 until October 30, 2009. The dataset of AGILE pointed observations covers a long time interval and its gamma-ray data archive is useful for monitoring studies of medium-to-high brightness gamma-ray sources. In the analysis reported here, we used data obtained with an improved event filter that covers a wider field of view, on a much larger (about 27.5 months) dataset, integrating data on observation block time scales, which mostly range from a few days to thirty days. The data processing resulted in a better characterized source list than 1AGL was, and includes 54 sources, 7 of which are new high galactic latitude (|BII| >= 5) sources, 8 are new sources on the galactic plane, and 20 sources from the previous catalogue with revised positions. Eight 1AGL sources (2 high-latitude and 6 on the galactic plane) were not detected in the final processing either because of low OB exposure and/or due to their position in complex galactic regions. We report the results in a catalogue of all the detections obtained in each single OB, including the variability results for each of these sources. In particular, we found that 12 sources out of 42 or 11 out of 53 are variable, depending on the variability index used, where 42 and 53 are the number of sources for which these indices could be calculated. Seven of the 11 variable sources are blazars, the others are Crab pulsar+nebula, LS I +61{\deg}303, Cyg X-3, and 1AGLR J2021+4030., Comment: 30 pages, 12 figures

74. The structure of the ZEBRA telescope, the integration tests and the first calibration results

Author

A.J. Court, Ezio Caroli, M. Mastropietro, P. Ubertini, P. Maggioli, R. Patriarca, F. Perotti, R. Santambrogio, Alessandro Traci, J. B. Stephen, Gabriele E. Villa, G. Di Cocco, G. Graham, F. A. Younis, A. Rampini, R. C. Butler, C. La Padula, A. Bussini, Mike Yearworth, A. J. Dean, and Ariano Donati

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Integration testing, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Photon energy, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Calibration, System integration, Electronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The ZEBRA telescope is a balloon borne low energy gamma ray instrument, sensitive in the photon energy range 0.2-10MeV. The main characteristics and components of the telescope are described, and its performance during laboratory calibration is discussed, after its integration with the flight electronics.

75. SuperAGILE an X-ray monitor on-board the AGILE mission: The engineering model

Author

F. Lazzarotto, B. Preger, Massimo Frutti, Marco Tavani, Sandro Mereghetti, E. Del Monte, A. Rubini, M. Mastropietro, E. Vallazza, M. Rapisarda, E. Morelli, I. Lapshov, P. Soffitta, M. Prest, A. Argan, Enrico Costa, M. Feroci, S. Vercellone, G. Di Persio, L. Pacciani, and I. Donnarumma

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Payload, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Detector, Gamma ray, Application-specific integrated circuit, Sky, Nuclear electronics, Electronic engineering, Aerospace engineering, business, Energy (signal processing), Agile software development, media_common
Abstract

SuperAGILE is the X-ray monitor of AGILE, the small space mission of the Italian Space Agency (ASI) devoted to observations for astrophysics in the gamma ray energy range 30 MeV-50 GeV. SuperAGILE exploits an additional layer of four silicon micro-strip detectors for 1360 cm/sup 2/ of total geometrical area, readout by low power ASICs, and four mutually orthogonal ultra-light one-dimensional coded mask to monitor the X-ray sky in the 15-40 keV energy band. The engineering model of the payload has been built and tested, and the construction of the flight model is starting. We present here the status of SuperAGILE. We show its design, the construction, the alignment and the results of testing campaigns carried out on the engineering model.

76. New developments in surface (e,2e) experiments

Author

Stéphane Rioual, Giovanni Stefani, Alessandro Ruocco, M Mastropietro, S. Lacobucci, Lacobucci, S., Rioual, S., Ruocco, Alessandro, Mastropietro, M., and Stefani, Giovanni

Subjects
Momentum, Software, Optics, Dimension (vector space), business.industry, Chemistry, Ionization, Resolution (electron density), Detector, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, business, Coincidence
Abstract

This work presents the implementation of a position-sensitive detector in the Montelibretti surface (e,2e) apparatus that allows to fully define the direction of the ejected electron from the surface, and hence to improve the momentum resolution. The coincidence electronic chain and the acquisition software have been upgraded in order to achieve high data collection speed, storage of large dimension data files and fast visualisation of the results. Preliminary angle resolved (e,2e) data relative to the ionisation of the pi band of highly oriented pyrolitic graphite show that a momentum resolution better than 0.2 Angstrom(-1) has been achieved without degrading the overall speed of acquisition.

77. The Large Observatory for X-ray Timing (LOFT)

Author

Feroci, M., Stella, L., Klis, M., Courvoisier, T. J. -L, Hernanz, M., Hudec, R., Santangelo, A., Walton, D., Zdziarski, A., Barret, D., Belloni, T., Braga, José, Brandt, S., Budtz-Jørgensen, C., Campana, S., Den Herder, J. -W, Huovelin, J., Israel, G. L., Pohl, M., Ray, P., Vacchi, A., Zane, S., Argan, A., Primo Attinà, Bertuccio, G., Bozzo, E., Campana, R., Chakrabarty, D., Costa, E., Rosa, A., Del Monte, E., Di Cosimo, S., Donnarumma, I., Evangelista, Y., Haas, D., Jonker, P., Korpela, S., Labanti, C., Malcovati, P., Mignani, R., Muleri, F., Rapisarda, M., Rashevsky, A., Rea, N., Rubini, A., Tenzer, C., Wilson-Hodge, C., Winter, B., Wood, K., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Abramowicz, M. A., Alpar, M. A., Altamirano, D., Alvarez, J. M., Amati, L., Amoros, C., Antonelli, L. A., Artigue, R., Azzarello, P., Bachetti, M., Baldazzi, G., Barbera, M., Barbieri, C., Basa, S., Baykal, A., Belmont, R., Boirin, L., Bonvicini, V., Burderi, L., Bursa, M., Cabanac, C., Cackett, E., Caliandro, G. A., Casella, P., Chaty, S., Chenevez, J., Coe, M. J., Collura, A., Corongiu, A., Covino, S., Cusumano, G., D Amico, Frank, Dall Osso, S., Martino, D., Paris, G., Di Persio, G., Di Salvo, T., Done, C., Dovčiak, M., Drago, A., Ertan, U., Fabiani, S., Falanga, M., Fender, R., Ferrando, P., Della Monica Ferreira, D., Fraser, G., Frontera, F., Fuschino, F., Galvez, J. L., Gandhi, P., Giommi, P., Godet, O., Göǧüş, E., Goldwurm, A., Götz, D., Grassi, M., Guttridge, P., Hakala, P., Henri, G., Hermsen, W., Horak, J., Hornstrup, A., In T Zand, J. J. M., Isern, J., Kalemci, E., Kanbach, G., Karas, V., Kataria, D., Kennedy, T., Klochkov, D., Kluźniak, W., Kokkotas, K., Kreykenbohm, I., Krolik, J., Kuiper, L., Kuvvetli, I., Kylafis, N., Lattimer, J. M., Lazzarotto, F., Leahy, D., Lebrun, F., Lin, D., Lund, N., Maccarone, T., Malzac, J., Marisaldi, M., Martindale, A., Mastropietro, M., Mcclintock, J., Mchardy, I., Mendez, M., Mereghetti, S., Miller, M. C., Mineo, T., Morelli, E., Morsink, S., Motch, C., Motta, S., Muñoz-Darias, T., Naletto, G., Neustroev, V., Nevalainen, J., Olive, J. F., Orio, M., Orlandini, M., Orleanski, P., Ozel, F., Pacciani, L., Paltani, S., Papadakis, I., Papitto, A., Patruno, A., Pellizzoni, A., Petráček, V., Petri, J., Petrucci, P. O., Phlips, B., Picolli, L., Possenti, A., Psaltis, D., Rambaud, D., Reig, P., Remillard, R., Rodriguez, J., Romano, P., Romanova, M., Schanz, T., Schmid, C., Segreto, A., Shearer, A., Smith, A., Smith, P. J., Soffitta, P., Stergioulas, N., Stolarski, M., Stuchlik, Z., Tiengo, A., Torres, D., Török, G., Turolla, R., Uttley, P., Vaughan, S., Vercellone, S., Waters, R., Watts, A., Wawrzaszek, R., Webb, N., Wilms, J., Zampieri, L., Zezas, A., Ziolkowski, J., Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Astronomy, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), M. Feroci, L. Stella, M. v. der, T. Courvoisier, M. Hernanz, R. Hudec, A. Santangelo, D. Walton, A. Zdziarski, D. Barret, T. Belloni, J. Braga, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jorgensen, S. Campana, J. d. Herder, J. Huovelin, G. Israel, M. Pohl, P. Ray, A. Vacchi, S. Zane, A. Argan, P. Attina, G. Bertuccio, E. Bozzo, R. Campana, D. Chakrabarty, E. Costa, A. D. Rosa, E. D. Monte, S. D. Cosimo, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, D. Haa, P. Jonker, S. Korpela, C. Labanti, P. Malcovati, R. Mignani, F. Muleri, M. Rapisarda, A. Rashevsky, N. Rea, A. Rubini, C. Tenzer, C. Wilson-Hodge, B. Winter, K. Wood, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, M. Abramowicz, M. Alpar, D. Altamirano, J. Alvarez, L. Amati, C. Amoro, L. Antonelli, R. Artigue, P. Azzarello, M. Bachetti, G. Baldazzi, M. Barbera, C. Barbieri, S. Basa, A. Baykal, R. Belmont, L. Boirin, V. Bonvicini, L. Burderi, M. Bursa, C. Cabanac, E. Cackett, G. Caliandro, P. Casella, S. Chaty, J. Chenevez, M. Coe, A. Collura, A. Corongiu, S. Covino, G. Cusumano, F. D'Amico, S. Dall'Osso, D. D. Martino, G. D. Pari, G. D. Persio, T. D. Salvo, C. Done, M. Dovciak, A. Drago, U. Ertan, S. Fabiani, M. Falanga, R. Fender, P. Ferrando, D. Ferreira, G. Fraser, F. Frontera, F. Fuschino, J. Galvez, P. Gandhi, P. Giommi, O. Godet, E. Gogu, A. Goldwurm, D. Gotz, M. Grassi, P. Guttridge, P. Hakala, G. Henri, W. Hermsen, J. Horak, A. Hornstrup, J. i. Zand, J. Isern, E. Kalemci, G. Kanbach, V. Kara, D. Kataria, T. Kennedy, D. Klochkov, W. Kluzniak, K. Kokkota, I. Kreykenbohm, J. Krolik, L. Kuiper, I. Kuvvetli, N. Kylafi, J. Lattimer, F. Lazzarotto, D. Leahy, F. Lebrun, D. Lin, N. Lund, T. Maccarone, J. Malzac, M. Marisaldi, A. Martindale, M. Mastropietro, J. McClintock, I. McHardy, M. Mendez, S. Mereghetti, M. Miller, T. Mineo, E. Morelli, S. Morsink, C. Motch, S. Motta, T. Munoz-Daria, G. Naletto, V. Neustroev, J. Nevalainen, J. Olive, M. Orio, M. Orlandini, P. Orleanski, F. Ozel, L. Pacciani, S. Paltani, I. Papadaki, A. Papitto, A. Patruno, A. Pellizzoni, V. Petracek, J. Petri, P. Petrucci, B. Phlip, L. Picolli, A. Possenti, D. Psalti, D. Rambaud, P. Reig, R. Remillard, J. Rodriguez, P. Romano, M. Romanova, T. Schanz, C. Schmid, A. Segreto, A. Shearer, A. Smith, P. Smith, P. Soffitta, N. Stergioula, M. Stolarski, Z. Stuchlik, A. Tiengo, D. Torre, G. Torok, R. Turolla, P. Uttley, S. Vaughan, S. Vercellone, R. Water, A. Watt, R. Wawrzaszek, N. Webb, J. Wilm, L. Zampieri, A. Zeza, J. Ziolkowski, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Feroci, M., Stella, L., van der Klis, M., Courvoisier, T. J.-L., Hernanz, M., Hudec, R., Santangelo, A., Walton, D., Zdziarski, A., Barret, D., Belloni, T., Braga, J., Brandt, S., Budtz-Jørgensen, C., Campana, S., den Herder, J.-W., Huovelin, J., Israel, G. L., Pohl, M., Ray, P., Vacchi, A., Zane, S., Argan, A., Attinà, P., Bertuccio, G., Bozzo, E., Campana, R., Chakrabarty, D., Costa, E., De Rosa, A., Del Monte, E., Di Cosimo, S., Donnarumma, I., Evangelista, Y., Haas, D., Jonker, P., Korpela, S., Labanti, C., Malcovati, P., Mignani, R., Muleri, F., Rapisarda, M., Rashevsky, A., Rea, N., Rubini, A., Tenzer, C., Wilson-Hodge, C., Winter, B., Wood, K., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Abramowicz, M. A., Alpar, M. A., Altamirano, D., Alvarez, J. M., Amati, L., Amoros, C., Antonelli, L. A., Artigue, R., Azzarello, P., Bachetti, M., Baldazzi, G., Barbera, M., Barbieri, C., Basa, S., Baykal, A., Belmont, R., Boirin, L., Bonvicini, V., Burderi, L., Bursa, M., Cabanac, C., Cackett, E., Caliandro, G. A., Casella, P., Chaty, S., Chenevez, J., Coe, M. J., Collura, A., Corongiu, A., Covino, S., Cusumano, G., D'Amico, F., Dall'Osso, S., De Martino, D., De Paris, G., Di Persio, G., Di Salvo, T., Done, C., Dovčiak, M., Drago, A., Ertan, U., Fabiani, S., Falanga, M., Fender, R., Ferrando, P., Della Monica Ferreira, D., Fraser, G., Frontera, F., Fuschino, F., Galvez, J. L., Gandhi, P., Giommi, P., Godet, O., Göǧüş, E., Goldwurm, A., Götz, D., Grassi, M., Guttridge, P., Hakala, P., Henri, G., Hermsen, W., Horak, J., Hornstrup, A., in't Zand, J. J. M., Isern, J., Kalemci, E., Kanbach, G., Karas, V., Kataria, D., Kennedy, T., Klochkov, D., Kluźniak, W., Kokkotas, K., Kreykenbohm, I., Krolik, J., Kuiper, L., Kuvvetli, I., Kylafis, N., Lattimer, J. M., Lazzarotto, F., Leahy, D., Lebrun, F., Lin, D., Lund, N., Maccarone, T., Malzac, J., Marisaldi, M., Martindale, A., Mastropietro, M., McClintock, J., McHardy, I., Mendez, M., Mereghetti, S., Miller, M. C., Mineo, T., Morelli, E., Morsink, S., Motch, C., Motta, S., Muñoz-Darias, T., Naletto, G., Neustroev, V., Nevalainen, J., Olive, J. F., Orio, M., Orlandini, M., Orleanski, P., Ozel, F., Pacciani, L., Paltani, S., Papadakis, I., Papitto, A., Patruno, A., Pellizzoni, A., Petráček, V., Petri, J., Petrucci, P. O., Phlips, B., Picolli, L., Possenti, A., Psaltis, D., Rambaud, D., Reig, P., Remillard, R., Rodriguez, J., Romano, P., Romanova, M., Schanz, T., Schmid, C., Segreto, A., Shearer, A., Smith, A., Smith, P. J., Soffitta, P., Stergioulas, N., Stolarski, M., Stuchlik, Z., Tiengo, A., Torres, D., Török, G., Turolla, R., Uttley, P., Vaughan, S., Vercellone, S., Waters, R., Watts, A., Wawrzaszek, R., Webb, N., Wilms, J., Zampieri, L., Zezas, A., Ziolkowski, J., Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, and Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)

Subjects
Event horizon, X-ray timing, Mission, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, neutron stars, T175 Industrial research. Research and development, BINARIES, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica, ALICE, SILICON DRIFT DETECTOR, Observatory, EQUATION, neutron star, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Missions, X-ray timing, compact objects, black holes, neutron stars, compact objects, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, PROPORTIONAL COUNTER, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Active galactic nucleus, Cosmic Vision, X-ray astronomy, high time variability, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, black holes, Missions, FOS: Physical sciences, 0103 physical sciences, OSCILLATIONS, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Supermassive black hole, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, CONSTRAINTS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Black hole, Neutron star, Space and Planetary Science, QB460-466 Astrophysics, DISCOVERY, BLACK-HOLE, SUPERAGILE
Abstract

High-time-resolution X-ray observations of compact objects provide direct access to strong-field gravity, to the equation of state of ultra-dense matter and to black hole masses and spins. A 10 m^2-class instrument in combination with good spectral resolution is required to exploit the relevant diagnostics and answer two of the fundamental questions of the European Space Agency (ESA) Cosmic Vision Theme "Matter under extreme conditions", namely: does matter orbiting close to the event horizon follow the predictions of general relativity? What is the equation of state of matter in neutron stars? The Large Observatory For X-ray Timing (LOFT), selected by ESA as one of the four Cosmic Vision M3 candidate missions to undergo an assessment phase, will revolutionise the study of collapsed objects in our galaxy and of the brightest supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei. Thanks to an innovative design and the development of large-area monolithic Silicon Drift Detectors, the Large Area Detector (LAD) on board LOFT will achieve an effective area of ~12 m^2 (more than an order of magnitude larger than any spaceborne predecessor) in the 2-30 keV range (up to 50 keV in expanded mode), yet still fits a conventional platform and small/medium-class launcher. With this large area and a spectral resolution of, 29 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in Experimental Astronomy

Published
2012
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78. LOFT - A large observatory for x-ray timing

Author

Feroci, M., Stella, L., Vacchi, A., Labanti, C., Rapisarda, M., Primo Attinà, Belloni, T., Campana, R., Campana, S., Costa, E., Del Monte, E., Donnarumma, I., Evangelista, Y., Israel, G. L., Muleri, F., Porta, P., Rashevsky, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Baldazzi, G., Bertuccio, G., Bonvicini, V., Bozzo, E., Burderi, L., Corongiu, A., Covino, S., Dall Osso, S., Martino, D., Di Cosimo, S., Di Persio, G., Di Salvo, T., Fuschino, F., Grassi, M., Lazzarotto, F., Malcovati, P., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, M., Mereghetti, S., Morelli, E., Orio, M., Pellizzoni, A., Pacciani, L., Papitto, A., Picolli, L., Possenti, A., Rubini, A., Soffitta, P., Turolla, R., Zampieri, L., Feroci, M., Stella, L., Vacchi, A., Labanti, C., Rapisarda, M., Attinà, P., Belloni, T., Campana, R., Campana, S., Costa, E., Del Monte, E., Donnarumma, I., Evangelista, Y., Israel, G. L., Muleri, F., Porta, P., Rashevsky, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Baldazzi, G., Bertuccio, G., Bonvicini, V., Bozzo, E., Burderi, L., Corongiu, A., Covino, S., Dall'Osso, S., de Martino, D., di Cosimo, S., di Persio, G., di Salvo, T., Fuschino, F., Grassi, M., Lazzarotto, F., Malcovati, P., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, M., Mereghetti, S., Morelli, E., Orio, M., Pellizzoni, A., Pacciani, L., Papitto, A., Picolli, L., Possenti, A., Rubini, A., Soffitta, P., Turolla, R., Zampieri, L., M. Feroci, L. Stella, A. Vacchi, C. Labanti, M. Rapisarda, P. Attina, T. Belloni, R. Campana, S. Campana, E. Costa, E. Del Monte, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, G. L. Israel, F. Muleri, P. Porta, A. Rashevsky, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, G. Baldazzi, G. Bertuccio, V. Bonvicini, E. Bozzo, L. Burderi, A. Corongiu, S. Covino, S. Dall'Osso, D. de Martino, S. Di Cosimo, G. Di Persio, T. Di Salvo, F. Fuschino, M. Grassi, F. Lazzarotto, P. Malcovati, M. Marisaldi, M. Mastropietro, S. Mereghetti, E. Morelli, M. Orio, A. Pellizzoni, L. Pacciani, A. Papitto, L. Picolli, A. Possenti, A. Rubini, P. Soffitta, R. Turolla, and and L. Zampieri

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), sezele, Applied Mathematics, Silicon drift chambers, FOS: Physical sciences, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Condensed Matter Physics, Compact sources, High energy astrophysics, Timing, X-rays, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Observatories, X-rays, Sensors, Silicon, Physics, Polarimetry, Electronics, Imaging spectroscopy
Abstract

The high time resolution observations of the X-ray sky hold the key to a number of diagnostics of fundamental physics, some of which are unaccessible to other types of investigations, such as those based on imaging and spectroscopy. Revealing strong gravitational field effects, measuring the mass and spin of black holes and the equation of state of ultradense matter are among the goals of such observations. At present prospects for future, non-focused X-ray timing experiments following the exciting age of RXTE/PCA are uncertain. Technological limitations are unavoidably faced in the conception and development of experiments with effective area of several square meters, as needed in order to meet the scientific requirements. We are developing large-area monolithic Silicon Drift Detectors offering high time and energy resolution at room temperature, which require modest resources and operation complexity (e.g., read-out) per unit area. Based on the properties of the detector and read-out electronics that we measured in the lab, we developed a realistic concept for a very large effective area mission devoted to X-ray timing in the 2-30 keV energy range. We show that effective areas in the range of 10-15 square meters are within reach, by using a conventional spacecraft platform and launcher of the small-medium class., 13 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 7732, Paper No. 7732-66, 2010

Published
2010

79. The AGILE Mission

Author

Tavani M, Barbiellini G, Argan A, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Frutti M, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli A, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Stellato S, Fanari G, Primavera R, Tamburelli F, Viola F, Guarrera G, Salotti L, D'Amico F, Marchetti E, Crisconio M, Sabatini P, Annoni G, Alia S, Longoni A, Sanquerin R, Battilana M, Concari P, Dessimone E, Grossi R, Parise A, Monzani F, Artina E, Pavesi R, Marseguerra G, Nicolini L, Scandelli L, Soli L, Vettorello V, Zardetto E, Bonati A, Maltecca L, D'Alba E, Patane M, Babini G, Onorati F, Acquaroli L, Angelucci M, Morelli B, Agostara C, Cerone M, Michetti A, Tempesta P, D'Eramo S, Rocca F, Giannini F, Borghi G, Garavelli B, Conte M, Balasini M, Ferrario I, Vanotti M, Collavo E, Giacomazzo M., D'AMMANDO, FILIPPO, M., Tavani, G., Barbiellini, A., Argan, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G. D., Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, A., Antonelli, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, S., Stellato, G., Fanari, R., Primavera, F., Tamburelli, F., Viola, G., Guarrera, L., Salotti, F., D'Amico, E., Marchetti, M., Crisconio, P., Sabatini, G., Annoni, S., Alia, A., Longoni, R., Sanquerin, M., Battilana, P., Concari, E., Dessimone, R., Grossi, A., Parise, F., Monzani, E., Artina, R., Pavesi, G., Marseguerra, L., Nicolini, L., Scandelli, L., Soli, V., Vettorello, E., Zardetto, A., Bonati, L., Maltecca, E., D'Alba, M., Patane, G., Babini, F., Onorati, L., Acquaroli, M., Angelucci, B., Morelli, C., Agostara, M., Cerone, A., Michetti, P., Tempesta, S., D'Eramo, F., Rocca, F., Giannini, G., Borghi, B., Garavelli, M., Conte, M., Balasini, I., Ferrario, M., Vanotti, E., Collavo, M., Giacomazzo, Tavani M, Barbiellini G, Argan A, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Costa E, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Frutti M, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli A, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Stellato S, Fanari G, Primavera R, Tamburelli F, Viola F, Guarrera G, Salotti L, D'Amico F, Marchetti E, Crisconio M, Sabatini P, Annoni G, Alia S, Longoni A, Sanquerin R, Battilana M, Concari P, Dessimone E, Grossi R, Parise A, Monzani F, Artina E, Pavesi R, Marseguerra G, Nicolini L, Scandelli L, Soli L, Vettorello V, Zardetto E, Bonati A, Maltecca L, D'Alba E, Patane M, Babini G, Onorati F, Acquaroli L, Angelucci M, Morelli B, Agostara C, Cerone M, Michetti A, Tempesta P, D'Eramo S, Rocca F, Giannini F, Borghi G, Garavelli B, Conte M, Balasini M, Ferrario I, Vanotti M, Collavo E, and Giacomazzo M

Subjects
Agile, Active galactic nucleus, gamma and X ray detection, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, satellite, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar, astro-ph, Angular resolution, media_common, Physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), Astrophysics (astro-ph), Detector, AGILE satellite, Detectors, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Universe, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, Orbit (dynamics), instrumentation: detectors – techniques: high angular resolution – techniques: image processing – gamma rays: observations – X-rays: general
Abstract

AGILE is an Italian Space Agency mission dedicated to the observation of the gamma-ray Universe. The AGILE very innovative instrumentation combines for the first time a gamma-ray imager (sensitive in the energy range 30 MeV - 50 GeV), a hard X-ray imager (sensitive in the range 18-60 keV) together with a Calorimeter (sensitive in the range 300 keV - 100 MeV) and an anticoincidence system. AGILE was successfully launched on April 23, 2007 from the Indian base of Sriharikota and was inserted in an equatorial orbit with a very low particle background. AGILE provides crucial data for the study of Active Galactic Nuclei, Gamma-Ray Bursts, pulsars, unidentified gamma-ray sources, Galactic compact objects, supernova remnants, TeV sources, and fundamental physics by microsecond timing. An optimal angular resolution (reaching 0.1-0.2 degrees in gamma-rays, 1-2 arcminutes in hard X-rays) and very large fields of view (2.5 sr and 1 sr, respectively) are obtained by the use of Silicon detectors integrated in a very compact instrument. The paper describes the AGILE Mission and its space and ground segments., 20 pages, 26 figures. submitted to Astron. & Astrophys

Published
2009

80. Detection of Gamma-Ray Emission from the Eta-Carinae Region

Author

Massimo Rapisarda, C. Pittori, D. Zanello, Roberto Viotti, L. Salotti, Filippo D'Ammando, T. Froysland, Michael F. Corcoran, Claudio Labanti, Maura Pilia, Elena Pian, Paolo Soffitta, A. Zambra, F. Boffelli, Francesco Lazzarotto, Alessio Trois, Geiland Porrovecchio, A. Pellizzoni, F. Fuschino, A. Giuliani, Francesco Longo, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, L. A. Antonelli, Fulvio Gianotti, G. Piano, Y. Evangelista, G. Di Cocco, M. Prest, E. Del Monte, Marcello Mastropietro, I. Donnarumma, S. Vercellone, Paolo Lipari, I. Lapshov, E. Moretti, V. Vittorini, G. Pucella, G. De Paris, M. Trifoglio, P. A. Caraveo, V. Cocco, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, Sergio Colafrancesco, Ennio Morelli, M. Galli, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, Piergiorgio Picozza, Massimiliano Fiorini, F. Verrecchia, Martino Marisaldi, A. W. Chen, F. Perotti, A. Morselli, A. Argan, P. Santolamazza, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, Alda Rubini, Paolo Giommi, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Attilio Ferrari, Guido Barbiellini, Tavani M, Sabatini S, Pian E, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Viotti R F, Corcoran M F, Giuliani A, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Vercellone S, Mereghetti S, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Cattaneo P W, Chen A W, Cocco V, DAmmando F, Costa E, DeParis G, Del Monte E, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Ferrari A, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Porrovecchio G, Pucella G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli L A, Salotti L, M., Tavani, S., Sabatini, E., Pian, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, R. F., Viotti, M. F., Corcoran, A., Giuliani, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, S., Vercellone, S., Mereghetti, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, F., D'Ammando, E., Costa, G. D., Pari, E. D., Monte, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, A., Ferrari, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, E., Morelli, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, G., Porrovecchio, G., Pucella, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, L. A., Antonelli, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Carina Nebula, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Radiation, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Luminosity, gamma rays: observations, stars: individual: Eta Carinae, stars: winds, outflows, X-rays: binaries, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, wind binary Eta Carinae, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Colliding-wind binary, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nebula, Gamma ray, Galactic region, Astronomy and Astrophysics, AGILE satellite, Unidentified Gamma-ray Sources, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the results of extensive observations by the gamma-ray AGILE satellite of the Galactic region hosting the Carina nebula and the remarkable colliding wind binary Eta Carinae (Eta Car) during the period 2007 July to 2009 January. We detect a gamma-ray source (1AGL J1043-5931) consistent with the position of Eta Car. If 1AGL J1043-5931 is associated with the Eta Car system our data provide the long sought first detection above 100 MeV of a colliding wind binary. The average gamma-ray flux above 100 MeV and integrated over the pre-periastron period 2007 July to 2008 October is F = (37 +/- 5) x 10-8 ph cm-2 s-1 corresponding to an average gamma-ray luminosity of L = 3.4 x 10^34 erg s-1 for a distance of 2.3 kpc. We also report a 2-day gamma-ray flaring episode of 1AGL J1043-5931 on 2008 Oct. 11-13 possibly related to a transient acceleration and radiation episode of the strongly variable shock in the system., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters

Published
2009

81. First AGILE catalog of high-confidence gamma-ray sources

Author

Dario Gasparrini, I. Donnarumma, F. Mauri, E. Scalise, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, E. Del Monte, E. Rossi, Geiland Porrovecchio, Fulvio Gianotti, F. Fornari, A. Morselli, G. De Paris, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, G. Di Persio, S. Cutini, A. W. Chen, Sandro Mereghetti, F. Boffelli, P. W. Cattaneo, S. Stellato, Francesco Longo, Massimo Rapisarda, R. Primavera, A. Antonelli, Filippo D'Ammando, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Tamburelli, C. Pittori, L. Salotti, Paolo Soffitta, F. Verrecchia, A. Zambra, T. Froysland, B. Preger, P. Santolamazza, D. Zanello, V. Vittorini, G. Fanari, F. Fuschino, F. Perotti, Martino Marisaldi, A. Pellizzoni, Marcello Mastropietro, Francesco Lazzarotto, M. Trifoglio, A. Argan, Massimo Frutti, Andrea Bulgarelli, Maura Pilia, P. A. Caraveo, Enrico Costa, Alessio Trois, F. Liello, Claudio Labanti, Alda Rubini, E. Striani, Marco Tavani, S. Vercellone, S. Sabatini, Sergio Colafrancesco, I. Lapshov, Paolo Giommi, Ennio Morelli, M. Prest, Massimiliano Fiorini, P. Lipari, Attilio Ferrari, Guido Barbiellini, Elena Moretti, G. Pucella, A. Mauri, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Alessandro Traci, V. Cocco, A. Giuliani, Y. Evangelista, T. Contessi, G. Piano, C. Pontoni, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, A. W., Chen, A., Bulgarelli, A., Pellizzoni, A., Giuliani, S., Vercellone, Longo, Francesco, M., Tavani, P., Giommi, G., Barbiellini, M., Trifoglio, F., Gianotti, A., Argan, A., Antonelli, F., Boffelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, S., Colafrancesco, T., Contessi, E., Costa, S., Cutini, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G. D., Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, G., Fanari, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, M., Galli, D., Gasparrini, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, Moretti, Elena, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, B., Preger, M., Prest, R., Primavera, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Santolamazza, E., Scalise, P., Soffitta, S., Stellato, E., Striani, F., Tamburelli, A., Traci, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, L., Salotti, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Chen AW, Bulgarelli A, Pellizzoni A, Giuliani A, Vercellone S, Longo F, Tavani M, Giommi P, Barbiellini G, Trifoglio M, Gianotti F, Argan A, Antonelli A, Boffelli F, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Colafrancesco S, Contessi T, Costa E, Cutini S, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Fanari G, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Frutti M, Galli M, Gasparrini D, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Preger B, Prest M, Primavera R, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Sabatini S, Santolamazza P, Scalise E, Soffitta P, Stellato S, Striani E, Tamburelli F, Traci A, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, and Salotti L

Subjects
Agile, catalog, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, Astrophysics, gamma-ray source, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar, X and gamma detection, Blazar, media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Detector, Gamma ray, gamma rays: observations, catalogs, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, AGILE satellite, Catalogs, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Satellite, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the first catalog of high-confidence gamma-ray sources detected by the AGILE satellite during observations performed from July 9, 2007 to June 30, 2008. Catalogued sources are detected by merging all the available data over the entire time period. AGILE, launched in April 2007, is an ASI mission devoted to gamma-ray observations in the 30 MeV - 50 GeV energy range, with simultaneous X-ray imaging capability in the 18-60 keV band. This catalog is based on Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector (GRID) data for energies greater than 100 MeV. For the first AGILE catalog we adopted a conservative analysis, with a high-quality event filter optimized to select gamma-ray events within the central zone of the instrument Field of View (radius of 40 degrees). This is a significance-limited (4 sigma) catalog, and it is not a complete flux-limited sample due to the non-uniform first year AGILE sky coverage. The catalog includes 47 sources, 21 of which are associated with confirmed or candidate pulsars, 13 with Blazars (7 FSRQ, 4 BL Lacs, 2 unknown type), 2 with HMXRBs, 2 with SNRs, 1 with a colliding-wind binary system, 8 with unidentified sources., Revised version, 15 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. To be published in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Text improved and clarified. Refined analysis of complex regions of the Galactic plane yields a new list of high-confidence sources including 47 sources (compared with the 40 sources appearing in the first version)

Published
2009

82. Monitoring the hard X-ray sky with SuperAGILE

Author

S. Cutini, S. Stellato, M. Trifoglio, Ennio Morelli, G. De Paris, Martino Marisaldi, Massimiliano Fiorini, F. Boffelli, G. Fanari, F. Fuschino, F. Fornari, C. Pittori, I. Donnarumma, T. Froysland, A. W. Chen, F. Liello, F. Perotti, A. Pellizzoni, Francesco Longo, Attilio Ferrari, A. Morselli, Guido Barbiellini, V. Vittorini, A. Antonelli, G. Pucella, A. Argan, Alessandro Traci, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, Andrea Bulgarelli, Sergio Colafrancesco, Enrico Costa, F. Mauri, Sandro Mereghetti, Francesco Lazzarotto, P. W. Cattaneo, M. Prest, R. Primavera, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Tamburelli, P. Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia, Paolo Lipari, Elena Moretti, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, Alda Rubini, I. Lapshov, A. Mauri, Paolo Giommi, F. D'Ammando, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, V. Cocco, A. Giuliani, P. A. Caraveo, Dario Gasparrini, Y. Evangelista, G. Piano, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, C. Pontoni, E. Rossi, Massimo Rapisarda, D. Zanello, Claudio Labanti, E. Del Monte, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, Massimo Frutti, S. Vercellone, G. Di Persio, Paolo Soffitta, B. Preger, Marcello Mastropietro, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, Fulvio Gianotti, Geiland Porrovecchio, M., Feroci, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, L., Pacciani, M., Rapisarda, P., Soffitta, G. D., Persio, M., Frutti, M., Mastropietro, E., Morelli, G., Porrovecchio, A., Rubini, A., Antonelli, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, S., Colafrancesco, S., Cutini, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G., Fanari, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Galli, D., Gasparrini, F., Gianotti, P., Giommi, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, F., Liello, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, C., Pittori, C., Pontoni, B., Preger, M., Prest, R., Primavera, G., Pucella, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, S., Sabatini, P., Santolamazza, M., Tavani, S., Stellato, F., Tamburelli, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, F., Verrecchia, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, L., Salotti, Feroci M, Costa E, Del Monte E, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Pacciani L, Rapisarda M, Soffitta P, Di Persio G, Frutti M, Mastropietro M, Morelli E, Porrovecchio G, Rubini A, Antonelli A, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Colafrancesco S, Cutini S, DAmmando F, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Fanari G, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Galli M, Gasparrini D, Gianotti F, Giommi P, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Pittori C, Pontoni C, Preger B, Prest M, Primavera R, Pucella G, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Sabatini S, Santolamazza P, Tavani M, Stellato S, Tamburelli F, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Verrecchia F, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, and Salotti L

Subjects
Agile, Photon, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, X-ray sources, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, SuperAgile, x-ray detector, extragalactic and galactic sources, Optics, Angular resolution, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), COSMIC cancer database, business.industry, Detector, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, instrumentation: detectors – X-rays: binaries – X-rays: general, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Celestial coordinate system, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

SuperAGILE is the hard X-ray monitor of the AGILE gamma ray mission, in orbit since 23$^{rd}$ April 2007. It is an imaging experiment based on a set of four independent silicon strip detectors, equipped with one-dimensional coded masks, operating in the nominal energy range 18-60 keV. The main goal of SuperAGILE is the observation of cosmic sources simultaneously with the main gamma-ray AGILE experiment, the Gamma Ray Imaging Detector (GRID). Given its $\sim$steradian-wide field of view and its $\sim$15 mCrab day-sensitivity, SuperAGILE is also well suited for the long-term monitoring of Galactic compact objects and the detection of bright transients. The SuperAGILE detector properties and design allow for a 6 arcmin angular resolution in each of the two independent orthogonal projections of the celestial coordinates. Photon by photon data are continuously available by the experiment telemetry, and are used to derive images and fluxes of individual sources, with integration times depending on the source intensity and position in the field of view. In this paper we report on the main scientific results achieved by SuperAGILE over its first two years in orbit, until April 2009., Comment: Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2009
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83. MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF A TeV-FLARE FROM W COMAE

Author

Veritas, Collaboration, Acciari, V. A., Aliu, E., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Bottcher, M., Boltuch, D., Buckley, J. H., Bradbury, S. M., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cannon, A., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Cogan, P., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Duke, C., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Fortin, P., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gibbs, K., Gillanders, G. H., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Lebohec, S., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Mccutcheon, M., Millis, J., Moriarty, P., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reyes, L. C., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Sembroski, G. H., Smith, A. W., Steele, D., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Vincent, S., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., Wissel, S., Wood, M., Agile, The Team, Pian, E., Vercellone, S., Donnarumma, I., D Ammando, F., Bulgarelli, A., Chen, A. W., Giuliani, A., Longo, F., Pacciani, L., Pucella, G., Vittorini, V., Tavani, M., Argan, A., Barbiellini, G., Caraveo, P., Cattaneo, P. W., Cocco, V., Costa, E., Del Monte, E., Paris, G., Di Cocco, G., Evangelista, Y., Feroci, M., Fiorini, M., Froysland, T., Frutti, M., Fuschino, F., Galli, M., Gianotti, F., Labanti, C., Lapshov, I., Lazzarotto, F., Lipari, P., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, M., Mereghetti, S., Morelli, E., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, A., Perotti, F., Piano, G., Picozza, P., Pilia, M., Porrovecchio, G., Prest, M., Rapisarda, M., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, A., Soffitta, S. Sabatini P., Trifoglio, M., Trois, A., Vallazza, E., Zambra, A., Zanello, D., Pittori, C., Santolamazza, P., Verrecchia, F., Giommi, P., Colafrancesco, S., Salotti, L., Massimo Villata, Raiteri, C. M., Aller, H. D., Aller, M. F., Arkharov, A. A., Efimova, N. V., Larionov, V. M., Leto, P., Ligustri, R., Lindfors, E., Pasanen, M., Kurtanidze, O. M., Tetradze, S. D., Lahteenmaki, A., Kotiranta, M., Cucchiara, A., Romano, P., Nesci, R., Pursimo, T., Heidt, J., Benitez, E., Hiriart, D., Nilsson, K., Berdyugin, A., Mujica, R., Dultzin, D., Lopez, J. M., Mommert, M., Sorcia, M., La Calle Perez, I., V. A., Acciari, E., Aliu, T., Aune, M., Beilicke, W., Benbow, M., Bottcher, D., Boltuch, J. H., Buckley, S. M., Bradbury, V., Bugaev, K., Byrum, A., Cannon, A., Cesarini, L., Ciupik, P., Cogan, W., Cui, R., Dickherber, C., Duke, A., Falcone, J. P., Finley, P., Fortin, L., Fortson, A., Furni, N., Galante, D., Gall, K., Gibb, G. H., Gillander, J., Grube, R., Guenette, G., Gyuk, D., Hanna, J., Holder, C. M., Hui, T. B., Humensky, P., Kaaret, N., Karlsson, M., Kertzman, D., Kieda, A., Konopelko, H., Krawczynski, F., Krennrich, M. J., Lang, S., Lebohec, G., Maier, S., Mcarthur, A., Mccann, M., Mccutcheon, J., Milli, P., Moriarty, R. A., Ong, A. N., Otte, D., Pandel, J. S., Perkin, A., Pichel, M., Pohl, J., Quinn, K., Ragan, L. C., Reye, P. T., Reynold, E., Roache, H. J., Rose, G. H., Sembroski, A. W., Smith, D., Steele, M., Theiling, S., Thibadeau, A., Varlotta, V. V., Vassiliev, S., Vincent, S. P., Wakely, J. E., Ward, T. C., Weeke, A., Weinstein, T., Weisgarber, D. A., William, S., Wissel, M., Wood, E., Pian, S., Vercellone, I., Donnarumma, F., D'Ammando, A., Bulgarelli, A. W., Chen, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, L., Pacciani, G., Pucella, V., Vittorini, M., Tavani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, L., Salotti, M., Villata, C. M., Raiteri, H. D., Aller, M. F., Aller, A. A., Arkharov, N. V., Efimova, V. M., Larionov, P., Leto, R., Ligustri, E., Lindfor, M., Pasanen, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. D., Tetradze, A., Lahteenmaki, M., Kotiranta, A., Cucchiara, P., Romano, R., Nesci, T., Pursimo, J., Heidt, E., Benitez, D., Hiriart, K., Nilsson, A., Berdyugin, R., Mujica, D., Dultzin, J. M., Lopez, M., Mommert, M., Sorcia, I. D., Perez, Acciari VA, Aliu E, Aune T, Beilicke M, Benbow W, Bottcher M, Boltuch D, Buckley JH, Bradbury SM, Bugaev V, Byrum K, Cannon A, Cesarini A, Ciupik L, Cogan P, Cui W, Dickherber R, Duke C, Falcone A, Finley JP, Fortin P, Fortson L, Furniss A, Galante N, Gall D, Gibbs K, Gillanders GH, Grube J, Guenette R, Gyuk G, Hanna D, Holder J, Hui CM, Humensky TB, Kaaret P, Karlsson N, Kertzman M, Kieda D, Konopelko A, Krawczynski H, Krennrich F, Lang MJ, LeBohec S, Maier G, McArthur S, McCann A, McCutcheon M, Millis J, Moriarty P, Ong RA, Otte AN, Pandel D, Perkins JS, Pichel A, Pohl M, Quinn J, Ragan K, Reyes LC, Reynolds PT, Roache E, Rose HJ, Sembroski GH, Smith AW, Steele D, Theiling M, Thibadeau S, Varlotta A, Vassiliev VV, Vincent S, Wakely SP, Ward JE, Weekes TC, Weinstein A, Weisgarber T, Williams DA, Wissel S, Wood M, Pian E, Vercellone S, Donnarumma I, DAmmando F, Bulgarelli A, Chen AW, Giuliani A, Longo F, Pacciani L, Pucella G, Vittorini V, Tavani M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Frutti M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, Villata M, Raiteri CM, Aller HD, Aller MF, Arkharov AA, Efimova NV, Larionov VM, Leto P, Ligustri R, Lindfors E, Pasanen M, Kurtanidze OM, Tetradze SD, Lahteenmaki A, Kotiranta M, Cucchiara A, Romano P, Nesci R, Pursimo T, Heidt J, Benitez E, Hiriart D, Nilsson K, Berdyugin A, Mujica R, Dultzin D, Lopez JM, Mommert M, Sorcia M, and Perez ID

Subjects
Agile, High energy, agile space mission, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, bl-lacertae objects, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, telescope, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, blazar, law.invention, multiwavelength, BL Lacertae, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Very High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Active Galactic Nuclei, Gamma ray, background-radiation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma-ray emission, lac objects, spectral energy-distributions, veritas observations, Space and Planetary Science, source list, Spectral energy distribution, BL Lacertae objects: individual (W Com), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma rays: observations, Flare, BL Lac object
Abstract

We report results from an intensive multiwavelength campaign on the intermediate-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae object W Com (z=0.102) during a strong outburst of very high energy gamma-ray emission in June 2008. The very high energy gamma-ray signal was detected by VERITAS on 2008 June 7-8 with a flux F(>200 GeV) = (5.7+-0.6)x10^-11 cm-2s-1, about three times brighter than during the discovery of gamma-ray emission from W Com by VERITAS in 2008 March. The initial detection of this flare by VERITAS at energies above 200 GeV was followed by observations in high energy gamma-rays (AGILE, E>100 MeV), and X-rays (Swift and XMM-Newton), and at UV, and ground-based optical and radio monitoring through the GASP-WEBT consortium and other observatories. Here we describe the multiwavelength data and derive the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the source from contemporaneous data taken throughout the flare., 26 pages, 5 figures; Accepted for publication by The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2009

84. AGILE detection of variable gamma-ray activity from the blazar S5 0716+714 in September-October 2007

Author

F. Perotti, A. W. Chen, P. Giommi, Dario Gasparrini, Paolo Lipari, L. A. Antonelli, F. Boffelli, Arnaud Ferrari, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, D. Carosati, D. Zanello, C. Labanti, Francesco Lazzarotto, C. Pittori, Martino Marisaldi, T. Froysland, A. Argan, M. Pasanen, Valeri M. Larionov, A. Pellizzoni, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, Massimo Frutti, I. Donnarumma, S. Vercellone, G. De Paris, I. Lapshov, F. Fuschino, Massimo Rapisarda, Marco Tavani, Marcello Mastropietro, Fulvio Gianotti, A. Morselli, P. Caraveo, Sergio Colafrancesco, M. Prest, M. Villata, E. Del Monte, Paolo Soffitta, A. Giuliani, Geiland Porrovecchio, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, Alessio Trois, Ennio Morelli, F. Verrecchia, Massimiliano Fiorini, S. Cutini, P. Santolamazza, G. Pucella, Alda Rubini, Omar M. Kurtanidze, Guido Barbiellini, Y. Evangelista, V. Vittorini, M. Trifoglio, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, Filippo D'Ammando, C. M. Raiteri, Francesco Longo, V. Cocco, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, G. Di Cocco, Chen AW, DAmmando F, Villata M, Raiteri CM, Tavani M, Vittorini V, Bulgarelli A, Donnarumma I, Ferrari A, Giuliani A, Longo F, Pacciani L, Pucella G, Vercellone S, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Caraveo P, Carosati D, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Frutti M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Kurtanidze OM, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Larionov VM, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pasanen M, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Pittori C, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, A. W., Chen, F., D'Ammando, M., Villata, C. M., Raiteri, M., Tavani, V., Vittorini, A., Bulgarelli, I., Donnarumma, A., Ferrari, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, L., Pacciani, G., Pucella, S., Vercellone, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, P., Caraveo, D., Carosati, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, O. M., Kurtanidze, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, V. M., Larionov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, M., Pasanen, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, C., Pittori, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Active Galactic Nuclei, AGILE satellite, Photon, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, Spectral density, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, BL Lac S5 0716+714, Astrophysics, Light curve, law.invention, Space and Planetary Science, law, gamma rays: observations – galaxies: BL Lacertae objects: general – galaxies: BL Lacertae objects: individual: S5 0716+714, Blazar, Energy (signal processing), Flare, BL Lac object
Abstract

We report the gamma-ray activity from the intermediate BL Lac S5 0716+714 during observations acquired by the AGILE satellite in September and October 2007. These detections of activity were contemporaneous with a period of intense optical activity, which was monitored by GASP-WEBT. This simultaneous optical and gamma-ray coverage allows us to study in detail the light curves, time lags, gamma-ray photon spectrum, and Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) during different states of activity. AGILE observed the source with its two co-aligned imagers, the Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector (GRID) and the hard X-ray imager (Super-AGILE), which are sensitive to the 30 MeV-50 GeV and 18-60 keV energy ranges, respectively. Observations were completed in two different periods, the first between 2007 September 4-23, and the second between 2007 October 24-November 1. Over the period 2007 September 7-12, AGILE detected gamma-ray emission from the source at a significance level of 9.6-sigma with an average flux (E>100 MeV) of (97 +/- 15) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1}, which increased by a factor of at least four within three days. No emission was detected by Super-AGILE for the energy range 18-60 keV to a 3-sigma upper limit of 10 mCrab in 335 ksec. In October 2007, AGILE repointed toward S5 0716+714 following an intense optical flare, measuring an average flux of (47 +/- 11) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} at a significance level of 6.0-sigma. The gamma-ray flux of S5 0716+714 detected by AGILE is the highest ever detected for this blazar and one of the most intense gamma-ray fluxes detected from a BL Lac object. The SED of mid-September appears to be consistent with the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission model, but only by including two SSC components of different variabilities., 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted by A&A Letters 18/8/2008

Published
2008

85. Gamma-ray burst detection with the AGILE mini-calorimeter

Author

Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, F. Fuschino, Marco Tavani, G. Di Persio, Sergio Colafrancesco, A. Argan, Claudio Labanti, Francesco Longo, A. Morselli, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Mauri, Massimo Frutti, Martino Marisaldi, Geiland Porrovecchio, Enrico Costa, Filippo D'Ammando, Y. Evangelista, Paolo Soffitta, S. Cutini, V. Vittorini, L. A. Antonelli, F. Liello, Attilio Ferrari, C. Pittori, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, M. Trifoglio, A. W. Chen, Fulvio Gianotti, E. Del Monte, G. De Paris, Dario Gasparrini, E. Rossi, Guido Barbiellini, V. Cocco, T. Froysland, P. Santolamazza, Francesco Lazzarotto, A. Pellizzoni, C. Pontoni, Massimo Rapisarda, Alda Rubini, Paolo Giommi, S. Vercellone, I. Lapshov, I. Donnarumma, A. Giuliani, Ennio Morelli, Massimiliano Fiorini, Alessandro Traci, P. Lipari, M. Basset, F. Boffelli, Alessio Trois, A. Mauri, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, B. Preger, Marcello Mastropietro, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, D. Zanello, G. Pucella, F. Perotti, P. A. Caraveo, L. Foggetta, M. Prest, Marisaldi M, Labanti C, Fuschino F, Galli M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Basset M, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen A, Cocco V, Costa E, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Foggetta L, Froysland T, Frutti M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mastropietro M, Mattaini E, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Tavani M, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, M., Marisaldi, C., Labanti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, M., Basset, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G. D., Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, L., Foggetta, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Mastropietro, E., Mattaini, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, M., Tavani, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Scintillator, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, minicalorimeter, Physics, Millisecond, gamma rays: bursts, instrumentation: detectors, Calorimeter (particle physics), Payload, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray Bursts, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma-ray Burst, Satellite, Gamma-ray burst, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The Mini-Calorimeter (MCAL) instrument on-board the AGILE satellite is a non-imaging gamma-ray scintillation detector sensitive in the 300keV-100MeV energy range with a total on-axis geometrical area of 1400cm^2. Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are one of the main scientific targets of the AGILE mission and the MCAL design as an independent self-triggering detector makes it a valuable all-sky monitor for GRBs. Furthermore MCAL is one of the very few operative instruments with microsecond timing capabilities in the MeV range. In this paper the results of GRB detections with MCAL after one year of operation in space are presented and discussed. A flexible trigger logic implemented in the AGILE payload data-handling unit allows the on-board detection of GRBs. For triggered events, energy and timing information are sent to telemetry on a photon-by-photon basis, so that energy and time binning are limited by counting statistics only. When the trigger logic is not active, GRBs can be detected offline in ratemeter data, although with worse energy and time resolution. Between the end of June 2007 and June 2008 MCAL detected 51 GRBs, with a detection rate of about 1 GRB/week, plus several other events at a few milliseconds timescales. Since February 2008 the on-board trigger logic has been fully active. Comparison of MCAL detected events and data provided by other space instruments confirms the sensitivity and effective area estimations. MCAL also joined the 3rd Inter-Planetary Network, to contribute to GRB localization by means of triangulation., 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication by A&A 13/08/2008

Published
2008

86. AGILE in orbit

Author

Tavani, M., Barbiellini, G., Argan, A., Bulgarelli, A., Caraveo, P., Chen, A., Cocco, V., Costa, E., Paris, G., Del Monte, E., Di Cocco, G., Donnarumma, I., Feroci, M., Fiorini, M., Froysland, T., Frutti, M., Fuschino, F., Galli, M., Gianotti, F., Giuliani, A., Labanti, C., Lapshov, I., Lazzarotto, F., Lipari, P., Longo, F., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, M., Mattaini, E., Mauri, F., Mereghetti, S., Morelli, E., Morselli, A., Pacciani, L., Pellizzoni, A., Perotti, F., Picozza, P., Pontoni, C., Porrovecchio, G., Prest, M., Pucella, G., Rapisarda, M., Rossi, E., Rubini, A., Soffitta, P., Traci, A., Trifoglio, M., Trois, A., Vallazza, E., Vercellone, S., Zambra, A., Zanello, D., paolo giommi, Antonelli, A., Pittori, C., M., Tavani, BARBIELLINI AMIDEI, Guido, A., Argan, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, A., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, G., DE PARIS, E., DEL MONTE, G., DI COCCO, I., Donnarumma, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, E., Mattaini, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, P., Giommi, A., Antonelli, and C., Pittori

Published
2007

87. Gamma-ray Astrophysics with AGILE

Author

Longo, Francesco, Tavani, M., Barbiellini, G., Argan, A., Basset, M., Boffelli, F., Bulgarelli, A., Caraveo, P., Cattaneo, P., Chen, A., Costa, E., Del Monte, E., Di Cocco, G., Di Persio, G., Donnaruninia, I., Feroci, M., Fionini, M., Foggetta, L., Froysland, T., Frutti, M., Fuschino, F., Galli, M., Gianotti, F., Giuliani, A., Labanti, C., Lapshov, I., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, F., Lipari, P., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, M., Mattaini, E., Mauri, F., Mereghetti, S., Morelli, E., Morselli, A., Pacciani, L., Pellizzoni, A., Perotti, F., Picozza, P., Pittori, C., Pontoni, C., Porrovecchio, G., Prest, M., Rapisarda, M., Rossi, E., Rubini, A., Soffitta, P., Traci, A., Trifoglio, M., Trois, A., Erik Silvio Vallazza, Vercellone, S., Zarlello, D., Longo, Francesco, Tavani, M, BARBIELLINI AMIDEI, Guido, Argan, A, Basset, M, Boffelli, F, Bulgarelli, A, Caraveo, P, Cattaneo, P, Chen, A, Costa, E, DEL MONTE, E, DI COCCO, G, DI PERSIO, G, Donnarumma, I, Feroci, M, Fiorini, M, Foggetta, L, Froysland, T, Frutti, M, Fuschino, F, Galli, M, Gianotti, F, Giuliani, A, Labanti, C, Lapshov, I, Lazzarotto, F, Liello, F, Lipari, P, Marisaldi, M, Mastropietro, M, Mattaini, E, Mauri, F, Mereghetti, S, Morelli, E, Morselli, A, Pacciani, L, Pellizzoni, A, Perotti, F, Picozza, P, Pittori, C, Pontoni, C, Porrovecchio, G, Prest, M, Rapisarda, M, Rossi, E, Rubini, A, Soffitta, P, Traci, A, Trifoglio, M, Trois, A, Vallazza, E, Vercellone, S, Zanello, D., A., Argan, M., Basset, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, E., Celesti, A., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E., DEL MONTE, G., DI COCCO, G., DI PERSIO, I., Donnarumma, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, C., Pittori, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, M., Tavani, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, and D., Zanello

Subjects
AGILE satellite, silicon tracker, gamma ray astrophysics, Physics, Photon, Active galactic nucleus, Calorimeter (particle physics), business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Universe, Supernova, Sky, business, Gamma-ray burst, Agile software development, media_common
Abstract

AGILE will explore the gamma‐ray Universe with a very innovative instrument combining for the first time a gamma‐ray imager and a hard X‐ray imager. AGILE will be operational in spring 2007 and it will provide crucial data for the study of Active Galactic Nuclei, Gamma‐Ray Bursts, unidentified gamma‐ray sources. Galactic compact objects, supernova remnants, TeV sources, and fundamental physics by microsecond timing. The AGILE instrument is designed to simultaneously detect and image photons in the 30 MeV – 50 GeV and 15 – 45 keV energy bands with excellent imaging and timing capabilities, and a large field of view covering ∼ 1/5 of the entire sky at energies above 30 MeV. A CsI calorimeter is capable of GRB triggering in the energy band 0.3–50 MeV AGILE is now (March 2007) undergoing launcher integration and testing. The PLSV launch is planned in spring 2007. AGILE is then foreseen to be fully operational during the summer of 2007.

Published
2007
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88. Musei archeologici

Author

RUGGIERI, Maria Clara, M. MASTROPIETRO CUR., and RUGGIERI TRICOLI MC

Published
2007

89. SuperAGILE and gamma ray bursts

Author

Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, Francesco Lazzarotto, Massimo Rapisarda, Ettore Del Monte, I. Lapshov, Massimo Frutti, Marcello Mastropietro, Enrico Costa, Guido Barbiellini, Alda Rubini, Ennio Morelli, Marco Tavani, Paolo Soffitta, L., Pacciani, E., Costa, BARBIELLINI AMIDEI, Guido, E., DEL MONTE, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Frutti, F., Lazzarotto, I., Lapshov, M., Mastropietro, E., Morelli, M., Rapisarda, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, and M., Tavani

Subjects
Physics, Ground station, Photon, Calibration, Astronomy, Steradian, Field of view, Angular resolution, Astrophysics, Deconvolution, Gamma-ray burst
Abstract

The solid‐state hard X‐ray imager of AGILE gamma‐ray mission — SuperAGILE — has a six arcmin on‐axis angular resolution in the 15–45 keV range, a field of view in excess of 1 steradian. The instrument is very light: 5 kg only. It is equipped with an on‐board self triggering logic, image deconvolution, and it is able to transmit the coordinates of a GRB to the ground in real‐time through the ORBCOMM constellation of satellites. Photon by photon Scientific Data are sent to the Malindi ground station at every contact. In this paper we review the performance of the SuperAGILE experiment (scheduled for a launch in the middle of 2006), after its first onground calibrations, and show the perspectives for Gamma Ray Bursts.

Published
2006

90. Detection of gamma-ray emission from the Vela pulsar wind nebula with AGILE.

Author

Pellizzoni A, Trois A, Tavani M, Pilia M, Giuliani A, Pucella G, Esposito P, Sabatini S, Piano G, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Bulgarelli A, Burgay M, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Contessi T, Costa E, D'Ammando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Hotan A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mereghetti S, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Palfreyman J, Perotti F, Picozza P, Pittori C, Possenti A, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Santolamazza P, Scalise E, Soffitta P, Striani E, Trifoglio M, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Verrecchia F, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli A, Salotti L, D'Amico N, and Bignami GF

Abstract

Pulsars are known to power winds of relativistic particles that can produce bright nebulae by interacting with the surrounding medium. These pulsar wind nebulae are observed by their radio, optical, and x-ray emissions, and in some cases also at TeV (teraelectron volt) energies, but the lack of information in the gamma-ray band precludes drawing a comprehensive multiwavelength picture of their phenomenology and emission mechanisms. Using data from the AGILE satellite, we detected the Vela pulsar wind nebula in the energy range from 100 MeV to 3 GeV. This result constrains the particle population responsible for the GeV emission and establishes a class of gamma-ray emitters that could account for a fraction of the unidentified galactic gamma-ray sources.

Published
2010
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91. Extreme particle acceleration in the microquasar Cygnus X-3.

Author

Tavani M, Bulgarelli A, Piano G, Sabatini S, Striani E, Evangelista Y, Trois A, Pooley G, Trushkin S, Nizhelskij NA, McCollough M, Koljonen KI, Pucella G, Giuliani A, Chen AW, Costa E, Vittorini V, Trifoglio M, Gianotti F, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Contessi T, D'Ammando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fuschino F, Galli M, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Scalise E, Soffitta P, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Santolamazza P, Antonelli A, and Salotti L

Abstract

Super-massive black holes in active galaxies can accelerate particles to relativistic energies, producing jets with associated gamma-ray emission. Galactic 'microquasars', which are binary systems consisting of a neutron star or stellar-mass black hole accreting gas from a companion star, also produce relativistic jets, generally together with radio flares. Apart from an isolated event detected in Cygnus X-1, there has hitherto been no systematic evidence for the acceleration of particles to gigaelectronvolt or higher energies in a microquasar, with the consequence that we are as yet unsure about the mechanism of jet energization. Here we report four gamma-ray flares with energies above 100 MeV from the microquasar Cygnus X-3 (an exceptional X-ray binary that sporadically produces radio jets). There is a clear pattern of temporal correlations between the gamma-ray flares and transitional spectral states of the radio-frequency and X-ray emission. Particle acceleration occurred a few days before radio-jet ejections for two of the four flares, meaning that the process of jet formation implies the production of very energetic particles. In Cygnus X-3, particle energies during the flares can be thousands of times higher than during quiescent states.

Published
2009
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92. Effect of tension-free vaginal tape procedure on urodynamic continence indices.

Author

Mutone N, Mastropietro M, Brizendine E, and Hale D

Subjects
Female, Gynecologic Surgical Procedures methods, Humans, Pressure, Surgical Mesh, Surveys and Questionnaires, Urodynamics, Vagina, Urethra physiopathology, Urinary Incontinence, Stress physiopathology, Urinary Incontinence, Stress surgery
Abstract

Objective: To assess the difference in measured urethral function before and after tension-free vaginal tape procedure (TVT)., Methods: Women who underwent TVT for genuine stress incontinence with or without intrinsic sphincter deficiency completed this study. Multichannel urodynamic testing was performed preoperatively and 6 weeks postoperatively. Maximum urethral closure pressure and pressure transmission ratio were recorded. Valsalva leak point pressures were determined at 150 mL and at full bladder capacity. Resting and straining urethral angles were measured using the cotton swab technique. Subjects completed both the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire and Urodynamic Distress Inventory preoperatively and postoperatively., Results: Thirty-five consecutive women were studied. Twenty-three (65.7%) had a preoperative diagnosis of intrinsic sphincter deficiency as defined by maximum urethral closure pressure less than 20 cm H(2)O and/or Valsalva leak point pressure less than 60 cm H(2)O. Subjective and objective success rates were 91% and 83%, respectively. Subjects showed an 86.8% (95% CI 71.9%, 100.0%) improvement in their Incontinence Impact Questionnaire score and a 72.9% (95% CI 62.6%, 83.1%) improvement in their Urodynamic Distress Inventory score. The mean change in maximum urethral closure pressure was -1.3 cm H(2)O (95% CI -5.9, 3.3), whereas the pressure transmission ratio increased 15.7% (95% CI 5.0%, 26.3%). The mean decrease in straining urethral angle was 16.3 degrees (95% CI -23.9 degrees, -8.7 degrees ). Cured subjects demonstrating hypermobility preoperatively continued to do so postoperatively., Conclusion: There was a significant increase in pressure transmission ratio, but not maximum urethral closure pressure, after TVT. These changes are similar to those reported after retropubic urethropexy and traditional sling procedures. The effectiveness of the TVT sling does not appear to depend on a clinically significant change in the straining urethral angle.

Published
2001
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