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51. Revised guidelines of the French Headache Society for the diagnosis and management of migraine in adults. Part 1: Diagnosis and assessment

Author

Michel Lantéri-Minet, Caroline Roos, Anne Donnet, Christian Lucas, Xavier Moisset, P. Giraud, Evelyne Guegan-Massardier, Geneviève Demarquay, D. Valade, S de Gaalon, Anne Ducros, Jérôme Mawet, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Neuro-Dol (Neuro-Dol), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre Hospitalier Annecy-Genevois [Saint-Julien-en-Genevois], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Headache Disorders, Migraine Disorders, MESH: Comorbidity, Comorbidity, Guidelines, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Chronic Migraine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Diagnosis, Humans, Medicine, Migraine treatment, MESH: Surveys and Questionnaires, Migraine, Depression (differential diagnoses), MESH: Humans, business.industry, Headache, MESH: Headache, MESH: Adult, MESH: Migraine Disorders, medicine.disease, Migraine severe, Neurology, Tolerability, HIT-6, Physical therapy, MESH: Headache Disorders, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], International Classification of Headache Disorders, Neurology (clinical), Headaches, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

The French Headache Society proposes updated French guidelines for the management of migraine. The first part of these recommendations is focused on the diagnosis and assessment of migraine. First, migraine needs to be precisely diagnosed according to the currently validated criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders , 3d version (ICHD-3). Migraine-related disability has to be assessed and we suggest to use the 6 questions of the headache impact test (HIT-6). Then, it is important to check for risk factors and comorbidities increasing the risk to develop chronic migraine , especially frequency of headaches, acute medication overuse and presence of depression. We suggest to use a migraine calendar and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). It is also necessary to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of current migraine treatments and we suggest to systematically use the self-administered Migraine Treatment Optimization Questionnaire (M-TOQ) for acute migraine treatment. Finally, a treatment strategy and a follow-up plan have to be proposed. Guidelines for pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are presented in the second and third part of the recommendations.

Published
2021
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52. Adherence to opioid agonist therapy predicts uptake of direct-acting antivirals in people who use drugs: results from the French national healthcare database (the ANRS FANTASIO study)

Author

Benjamin Rolland, Caroline Lions, Vincent Di Beo, Patrizia Carrieri, Nicolas Authier, Tangui Barré, Jessica Delorme, Philippe Mathurin, François Bailly, Camelia Protopopescu, Fabienne Marcellin, Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon [CH Le Vinatier, Bron] (Pôle MOPHA - SUAL), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Psychiatric Disorders, Neuroscience Research and Clinical Research (PSYR2), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des sciences de la santé publique [Marseille] (ISSPAM), Neuro-Dol (Neuro-Dol), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Service des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif et de la Nutrition [CHRU Lille], Hôpital Claude Huriez [Lille], CHU Lille-CHU Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service d'hépatologie et d’addictologie [GH Nord, Lyon], HCL Groupement Hospitalier Nord [Lyon], Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], and Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)

Subjects
Male, MESH: Antiviral Agents, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Delivery of Health Care, Medicine (miscellaneous), Hepacivirus, MESH: Analgesics, Opioid, Antiviral Agents, Humans, MESH: Hepacivirus, Drug use, DAA, MESH: Hepatitis C, MESH: Humans, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Hepatitis C, MESH: Male, Buprenorphine, MESH: Hepatitis C, Chronic, Analgesics, Opioid, Psychiatry and Mental health, Female, Delivery of Health Care, MESH: Female, Methadone
Abstract

Background Opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is associated with reduced injection, reduced HCV transmission, and more opportunities to initiate hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment in people who use drugs (PWUD). We aimed to study the extent to which adherence to OAT was predictive of increased uptake of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) in PWUD with chronic HCV infection. Methods Using the French national healthcare system database, we targeted PWUD (i.e. with a history of OAT) who had chronic HCV infection and were eligible for DAA during 2014–2016. Adherence to OAT was computed as a time-varying variable expressing the proportion of days covered by OAT receipt, over any six-month interval before DAA receipt. We used a Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the association between adherence to OAT and the rate of DAA uptake after adjustment for age, sex, alcohol use disorder, socioeconomic status, and liver disease severity. Results Among the 22,615 persons included in the ANRS FANTASIO study, 3438 (15.2%) initiated DAA during the study period. After multivariable adjustment, adherence to OAT was associated with a higher rate of DAA initiation. However, this association was not linear, and only individuals on OAT for 20% or more of the time in the previous six-month period had a higher rate of DAA initiation (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.28 [1.18–1.38]). Other variables associated with DAA initiation were male sex, older age, cirrhosis or liver cancer, and higher socioeconomic status. Conclusions Adherence to OAT is a major predictor of DAA initiation in PWUD living with chronic HCV infection in France. Our results also suggest that even moderate adherence to OAT can facilitate DAA uptake. Adequate HCV training for OAT prescribers together with interventions to ensure adherence to OAT will help improve DAA initiation rates and reach HCV elimination goals.

Published
2022
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53. Simple Probabilistic Data-driven Model for Adaptive BCI Feedback

Author

Jelena Mladenović, Fabien Lotte, Jérémie Mattout, Jérémy Frey, Computer Science Faculty RAFLab, Union University, Belgrade (RAF), Popular interaction with 3d content (Potioc), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CIC CHU Lyon (inserm), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lyon, Ullo, ERC BrainConquest, European Project: 714567 ,H2020 Pilier ERC,BrainConquest(2017), Mladenovic, Jelena, and Boosting Brain-Computer Communication with high Quality User Training - BrainConquest - - H2020 Pilier ERC2017-07-01 - 2022-06-30 - 714567 - VALID

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [INFO.INFO-SY] Computer Science [cs]/Systems and Control [cs.SY], Dynamic Behaviour, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Adaptive modeling, EEG Signal, [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [INFO.EIAH] Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SCCO.COMP] Cognitive science/Computer science, [INFO.INFO-SY]Computer Science [cs]/Systems and Control [cs.SY], [INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], [INFO.INFO-HC] Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Brain-computer interfaces BCI
Abstract

International audience; Due to abundant signal and user variability among others, BCIs remain difficult to control. To increase performance, adaptive methods are a necessary means to deal with such a vast spectrum of variable data. Typically, adaptive methods deal with the signal or classification corrections (adaptive spatial filters [1], co-adaptive calibration [2], adaptive classifiers [3]). As such, they do not necessarily account for the implicit alterations they perform on the feedback (in real-time), and in turn, on the user, creating yet another potential source of unpredictable variability. Namely, certain user's personality traits and states have shown to correlate with BCI performance, while feedback can impact user states [4]. For instance, altered (biased) feedback was distorting the participants' perception over their performance, influencing their feeling of control, and online performance [5]. Thus, one can assume that through feedback we might implicitly guide the user towards a desired state beneficial for BCI performance. We propose a novel, simple probabilistic, data-driven dynamic model to provide such feedback that will maximize performance.

Published
2022

54. The Needs, Use and Expectations of People Bereaved by Suicide Regarding Online Resources: An Online Survey

Author

Edouard Leaune, Héloïse Rouzé, Laurène Lestienne, Kushtrim Bislimi, Benoit Chalancon, Margot Morgiève, Pierre Grandgenèvre, Guillaume Vaiva, Nathalie Laplace, Emmanuel Poulet, Julie Haesebaert, Université de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions, Corpus, Apprentissages, Représentations (ICAR), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Universitaire de Recherche et d'Exploration en psychiatrie [Lille] (CURE), Clinique de Psychiatrie [Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience [Lille] (CN2R), Centre pour l'innovation en cancérologie de Lyon (CICLY), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Psychiatric Disorders, Neuroscience Research and Clinical Research (PSYR2), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)

Subjects
Male, Motivation, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, bereavement, online resource, Middle Aged, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Cross-Sectional Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, suicide, survey, Humans, Female, Child
Abstract

International audience; Background: Online resources constitute a new and effective way to obtain support or information during bereavement processes. However, little is known about the needs, use and expectations of people bereaved by suicide regarding online resources. Method: The objective of our national cross-sectional online survey was to collect the use, needs and expectations of people bereaved by suicide regarding online resources. The data were collected from July to October 2021 through a 26-item online questionnaire hosted on the website LimeSurvey. Results: A total of 401 respondents fully completed the questionnaire. Their mean age was 45.7. The majority of participants were women bereaved by the suicide of their child or partner. Half of the participants were bereaved for less than 3 years and benefited from counselling during their bereavement process. Three-quarters of the participants used the Internet for their bereavement process, mainly to obtain information on suicide bereavement and suicide prevention and to access testimonies of other people bereaved by suicide. Three-quarters of the participants found that available online resources for people bereaved by suicide are insufficient and expected a dedicated web platform to be developed. Finding information on suicide bereavement and on suicide prevention, discussing with a mental health professional and accessing testimonies of other people bereaved by suicide were expected by a majority of the participants regarding the future platform. Receiving counselling and being bereaved by the death of a child were the most important factors in explaining patterns of use and expectations regarding online resources. Discussion: Our results offer precise insights into the needs, use and expectations of people bereaved by suicide regarding online resources. The development of web platforms offering access to reliable information on suicide bereavement and on suicide prevention to peers bereaved by suicide and help to seek counselling are urgently needed.

Published
2022
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55. Missense variants in ANKRD11 cause KBG syndrome by impairment of stability or transcriptional activity of the encoded protein

Author

de Boer, Elke, Ockeloen, Charlotte, Kampen, Rosalie, Hampstead, Juliet, Dingemans, Alexander, Rots, Dmitrijs, Lütje, Lukas, Ashraf, Tazeen, Baker, Rachel, Barat-Houari, Mouna, Angle, Brad, Chatron, Nicolas, Denommé-Pichon, Anne-Sophie, Devinsky, Orrin, Dubourg, Christèle, Elmslie, Frances, Elloumi, Houda Zghal, Faivre, Laurence, Fitzgerald-Butt, Sarah, Geneviève, David, Goos, Jacqueline, Helm, Benjamin, Kini, Usha, Lasa-Aranzasti, Amaia, Lesca, Gaetan, Lynch, Sally, Mathijssen, Irene, Mcgowan, Ruth, Monaghan, Kristin, Odent, Sylvie, Pfundt, Rolph, Putoux, Audrey, van Reeuwijk, Jeroen, Santen, Gijs, Sasaki, Erina, Sorlin, Arthur, van der Spek, Peter, Stegmann, Alexander, Swagemakers, Sigrid, Valenzuela, Irene, Viora-Dupont, Eléonore, Vitobello, Antonio, Ware, Stephanie, Wéber, Mathys, Gilissen, Christian, Low, Karen, Fisher, Simon, Dingemans, Alexander J.M., Goos, Jacqueline A.C., Mathijssen, Irene M.J., Santen, Gijs W.E., Stegmann, Alexander P.A., Swagemakers, Sigrid M.A., Vissers, Lisenka E.L.M., Wong, Maggie M.K., Kleefstra, Tjitske, MUMC+: DA KG Lab Specialisten (9), RS: FHML non-thematic output, Pathology, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, Radboud University [Nijmegen], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, This work was financially supported by Aspasia grants of the Dutch Research Council (015.014.036 to T.K. and 015.014.066 to L.E.L.M.V.), Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (91718310 to T.K.), and the Max Planck Society (M.M.K.W., S.E.F.). Individual 4 was sequenced at the Scottish Genomes Partnership. The Scottish Genomes Partnership was funded by the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health Directorates (SGP/1) and the Medical Research Council Whole Genome Sequencing for Health and Wealth Initiative (MC/PC/15080). The Deciphering Developmental Disorders study presents independent research commissioned by the Health Innovation Challenge Fund (grant number HICF-1009-003). This study makes use of Database of Chromosomal Imbalance and Phenotype in Humans using Ensembl Resources (https://www.deciphergenomics.org/), which is funded by Wellcome. See Deciphering Developmental Disorders study8 or https://www.ddduk.org/access.html for full acknowledgment., Institut Català de la Salut, [de Boer E, Dingemans AJM, Rots D] Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. [Ockeloen CW] Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. [Kampen RA] Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. [Hampstead JE] Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. [Lasa-Aranzasti A] Àrea de Genètica Clínica i Molecular, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Grup de Recerca en Medicina Genètica, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, and Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus

Subjects
Neuroinformatics, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], fenómenos genéticos::variación genética::mutación::mutación de sentido erróneo [FENÓMENOS Y PROCESOS], Mutation, Missense, Genotype-phenotype study, enfermedades musculoesqueléticas::enfermedades óseas::enfermedades óseas del desarrollo [ENFERMEDADES], Ossos - Malalties - Aspectes genètics, ANKRD11, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Missense variants, Intellectual Disability, Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/genetics [Other subheadings], Humans, Genotype–phenotype study, Musculoskeletal Diseases::Bone Diseases::Bone Diseases, Developmental [DISEASES], Abnormalities, Multiple, Genetics (clinical), [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Bone Diseases, Developmental, Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities::Congenital Abnormalities::Stomatognathic System Abnormalities::Tooth Abnormalities [DISEASES], Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/genética [Otros calificadores], Tooth Abnormalities, Neurodevelopmental disorders, Facies, Metabolic Disorders Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 6], KBG syndrome, Repressor Proteins, Anomalies cromosòmiques, Phenotype, enfermedades y anomalías neonatales congénitas y hereditarias::anomalías congénitas::anomalías del sistema estomatognático::anomalías dentarias [ENFERMEDADES], Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Mutation::Mutation, Missense [PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES], Chromosome Deletion, Dents - Malformacions - Aspectes genètics, Transcription Factors
Abstract

KBG syndrome; Missense variants; Neurodevelopmental disorders Síndrome KBG; Variants de missense; Trastorns del neurodesenvolupament Síndrome KBG; Variantes de missense; Trastornos del neurodesarrollo Purpose Although haploinsufficiency of ANKRD11 is among the most common genetic causes of neurodevelopmental disorders, the role of rare ANKRD11 missense variation remains unclear. We characterized clinical, molecular, and functional spectra of ANKRD11 missense variants. Methods We collected clinical information of individuals with ANKRD11 missense variants and evaluated phenotypic fit to KBG syndrome. We assessed pathogenicity of variants through in silico analyses and cell-based experiments. Results We identified 20 unique, mostly de novo, ANKRD11 missense variants in 29 individuals, presenting with syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders similar to KBG syndrome caused by ANKRD11 protein truncating variants or 16q24.3 microdeletions. Missense variants significantly clustered in repression domain 2 at the ANKRD11 C-terminus. Of the 10 functionally studied missense variants, 6 reduced ANKRD11 stability. One variant caused decreased proteasome degradation and loss of ANKRD11 transcriptional activity. Conclusion Our study indicates that pathogenic heterozygous ANKRD11 missense variants cause the clinically recognizable KBG syndrome. Disrupted transrepression capacity and reduced protein stability each independently lead to ANKRD11 loss-of-function, consistent with haploinsufficiency. This highlights the diagnostic relevance of ANKRD11 missense variants, but also poses diagnostic challenges because the KBG-associated phenotype may be mild and inherited pathogenic ANKRD11 (missense) variants are increasingly observed, warranting stringent variant classification and careful phenotyping.

Published
2022
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56. Dream recall frequency is associated with attention rather than with working memory abilities

Author

Salomé Blain, Aurélien de la Chapelle, Anne Caclin, Aurélie Bidet‐Caulet, Perrine Ruby, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and de la Chapelle, Aurélien

Subjects
Dreaming, Cognitive Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, General Medicine, Short-Term Memory, [SCCO] Cognitive science, Audition, Behavioral Neuroscience, Non-verbal, Attentional Filter, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Memory, Short-Term, Memory encoding, Mental Recall, Humans, Dream recall, Attention, Wakefulness
Abstract

International audience; Several factors influencing dream recall frequency (DRF) have been identified, but some remain poorly understood. One way to study DRF is to compare cognitive processes in low and high dream recallers (LR and HR). According to the arousal-retrieval model, long-term memory encoding of a dream requires wakefulness while its multisensory short-term memory is still alive. Previous studies showed contradictory results concerning short-term memory differences between LR and HR. It has also been found that extreme dream recall frequencies are associated with different electrophysiological traits related to attentional processes. However, to date, there is no evidence for attentional differences between LR and HR at the behavioural level. To further investigate attention and working memory in HR and LR, we used a newly-developed challenging paradigm, called MEMAT: it allows to study selective attention and working memory interaction, during memory encoding of non-verbal auditory stimuli. We manipulated the difficulties of the distractor to ignore and of the memory task. The performance of the two groups were not differentially impacted by working memory load. However, HR were slower and less accurate in presence of hard, rather than easy, toignore distractor, while LR were much less impacted by the distractor difficulty. Therefore, we show behavioural evidence towards less resistance to hard-to-ignore distractors in HR. Using a challenging task, we show for the first time attentional differences between HR and LR at the behavioural level. The impact of auditory attention and working memory on dream recall is discussed.

Published
2022
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57. Sodium oxybate for the maintenance of abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients: An international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Author

Julien Guiraud, Giovanni Addolorato, Mariangela Antonelli, Henri-Jean Aubin, Andrea de Bejczy, Amine Benyamina, Roberto Cacciaglia, Fabio Caputo, Maurice Dematteis, Anna Ferrulli, Anna E Goudriaan, Antoni Gual, Otto-Michael Lesch, Icro Maremmani, Antonio Mirijello, David J Nutt, François Paille, Pascal Perney, Roch Poulnais, Quentin Raffaillac, Jürgen Rehm, Benjamin Rolland, Claudia Rotondo, Bruno Scherrer, Nicolas Simon, Katrin Skala, Bo Söderpalm, Lorenzo Somaini, Wolfgang H Sommer, Rainer Spanagel, Gabriele A Vassallo, Henriette Walter, Wim van den Brink, Amsterdam UMC - Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, University of Gothenburg (GU), Laboratorio Farmaceutico CT [San Remo, Italy] (LFCT), Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele [Milan, Italy], Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Amsterdam School of Public Health [the Netherlands], Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), University of Vienna [Vienna], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza [San Giovanni Rotondo] (IRCCS), Imperial College London, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy (CHU Nancy), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Université de Montpellier (UM), D&A Pharma Paris - Laboratoires pharmaceutiques (DAPP), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health [Toronto] (CAMH), University of Toronto, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University [Moscow, Russia] (MSMU), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro di Riferimento Alcologico della Regione Lazio [Roma, Italy] (CRARL), Bruno Scherrer Conseil [Saint Arnoult en Yvelines] (BSC), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Pharmacologie Clinique [AP-HM Hôpital Ste Marguerite], Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Addiction Treatment Center [ASL Biella, Italy] (ATC - Local Health Unit), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Barone Lombardo Hospital [Canicattì, Italy] (BLH), Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Adult Psychiatry, APH - Mental Health, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, and APH - Digital Health

Subjects
Adult, Male, MESH: Ethanol, Alcohol Drinking, Alcohol use disorders, Double-Blind Method, MESH: Alcoholism, Humans, Maintenance of abstinence, Pharmacology (medical), MESH: Double-Blind Method, MESH: Treatment Outcome, Pharmacology, MESH: Humans, Ethanol, Sodium oxybate, Alcohol dependence, MESH: Adult, MESH: Male, Psychiatry and Mental health, Alcoholism, Treatment Outcome, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH: Sodium Oxybate, GHB, MESH: Female, RCT, MESH: Alcohol Drinking
Abstract

Background: Sodium oxybate (SMO) has been shown to be effective in the maintenance of abstinence (MoA) in alcohol-dependent patients in a series of small randomized controlled trials (RCTs). These results needed to be confirmed by a large trial investigating the treatment effect and its sustainability after medication discontinuation. Aims: To confirm the SMO effect on (sustained) MoA in detoxified alcohol-dependent patients. Methods: Large double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in detoxified adult alcohol-dependent outpatients (80% men) from 11 sites in four European countries. Patients were randomized to 6 months SMO (3.3–3.9 g/day) or placebo followed by a 6-month medication-free period. Primary outcome was the cumulative abstinence duration (CAD) during the 6-month treatment period defined as the number of days with no alcohol use. Secondary outcomes included CAD during the 12-month study period. Results: Of the 314 alcohol-dependent patients randomized, 154 received SMO and 160 received placebo. Based on the pre-specified fixed-effect two-way analysis of variance including the treatment-by-site interaction, SMO showed efficacy in CAD during the 6-month treatment period: mean difference +43.1 days, 95% confidence interval (17.6–68.5; p = 0.001). Since significant heterogeneity of effect across sites and unequal sample sizes among sites ( n = 3–66) were identified, a site-level random meta-analysis was performed with results supporting the pre-specified analysis: mean difference +32.4 days, p = 0.014. The SMO effect was sustained during the medication-free follow-up period. SMO was well-tolerated. Conclusions: Results of this large RCT in alcohol-dependent patients demonstrated a significant and clinically relevant sustained effect of SMO on CAD. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04648423

Published
2022
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58. Sodium Oxybate for Alcohol Dependence: A Network Meta-Regression Analysis Considering Population Severity at Baseline and Treatment Duration

Author

Julien Guiraud, Giovanni Addolorato, Henri-Jean Aubin, Sylvie Bachelot, Philippe Batel, Andrea de Bejczy, Amine Benyamina, Fabio Caputo, Monique Couderc, Maurice Dematteis, Anna E Goudriaan, Antoni Gual, Sylvie Lecoustey, Otto-Michael Lesch, Icro Maremmani, David J Nutt, François Paille, Pascal Perney, Jürgen Rehm, Benjamin Rolland, Bruno Scherrer, Nicolas Simon, Bo Söderpalm, Lorenzo Somaini, Wolfgang H Sommer, Rainer Spanagel, Henriette Walter, Wim van den Brink, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore = Catholic University of the Sacred Heart [Roma] (Unicatt), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli [Rome] (FPUAG), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, D&A Pharma Paris - Laboratoires pharmaceutiques (DAPP), University of Gothenburg (GU), Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Médecine (UGA UFRM), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CHU Grenoble, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute [The Netherlands], Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Imperial College London, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health [Toronto] (CAMH), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University [Moscow, Russia] (MSMU), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bruno Scherrer Conseil [Saint Arnoult en Yvelines] (BSC), 'Cancer, Biomedicine & Society' group (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - AMU - UMR 259 IRD), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Addiction Treatment Center [ASL Biella, Italy] (ATC - Local Health Unit), and Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Medicine
Abstract

AimsThe estimated effect of sodium oxybate (SMO) in the treatment of alcohol dependence is heterogeneous. Population severity and treatment duration have been identified as potential effect modifiers. Population severity distinguishes heavy drinking patients with MethodsNetwork meta-regression allows for testing potential effect modifiers. It was selected to investigate the effect of the above factors on SMO efficacy defined as continuous abstinence (abstinence rate) and the percentage of days abstinent (PDA). Randomized controlled trials for alcohol dependence with at least one SMO group conducted in high-severity and mild-severity populations were assigned to a high-severity and mild-severity group of studies, respectively.ResultsEight studies (1082 patients) were retained: four in the high-severity group and four in the mild-severity group. The high-severity group was associated with larger SMO effect sizes than the mild-severity group: abstinence rate risk ratio (RR) 3.16, P = 0.004; PDA +26.9%, P ConclusionsIn the retained studies with alcohol-dependent patients, high-severity population and longer treatment duration were associated with larger SMO effect sizes.

Published
2022
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59. Tomographic imaging: two examples of medical and archaeological applications

Author

Coli, Vanna Lisa, Binder, Didier, Blanc-Féraud, Laure, Leblond, Juliette, Cohen, Serge X., Gomart, Louise, Migliaccio, Claire, Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Analyse fonctionnelle pour la conception et l'analyse de systèmes (FACTAS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Morphologie et Images (MORPHEME), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut de Biologie Valrose (IBV), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Signal, Images et Systèmes (Laboratoire I3S - SIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut photonique d'analyse non-destructive européen des matériaux anciens (IPANEMA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Evaluating, understanding, supporting motor, perceptive and social Trajectories (TRAJECTOIRES), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire d'Electronique, Antennes et Télécommunications (LEAT)

Subjects
[MATH]Mathematics [math], [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

60. Interest of the BLAST paradigm and salivary markers for the evaluation of sleepiness in drivers

Author

Marine Thieux, Aurore Guyon, Vania Herbillon, Lydie Merle, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Sabine Plancoulaine, Laurent Seugnet, Patricia Franco, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service du sommeil, de l'épilepsie et de neurophysiologie pédiatrique clinique [Hospices Civils de Lyon], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Thieux, Marine

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], saliva, α-amylase, oxalate, General Neuroscience, vigilance, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], biomarkers, sleep, attention
Abstract

ObjectivesSleepiness is associated with decreased cognitive abilities and remains one of the main causes of fatal road accidents. The tools currently available to assess sleepiness, such as questionnaires, are subject to intra- and inter-individual variability, while multiple sleep latency tests are only feasible in few sleep laboratories. The main objective of this study was to explore new potential markers (neurocognitive, biological) to objectively assess sleepiness in drivers.MethodsA total of 186 drivers (median age 44 years, range 20–74 years, 73% men, 14% obese) were included during a break at a highway service area, in the morning, while on the road for vacation. Questionnaires on sleepiness and sleep characteristics (habitual and on the night before travel), the Bron-Lyon Attention Stability Test (BLAST), and two salivary samples (α-amylase and oxalate) were collected. Associations between measures of sleepiness [Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS)], sleep characteristics, neurocognitive, and biological markers were tested using regression models adjusted for confounding factors.ResultsThe night before travel, 83% of the drivers reduced their sleep time and 30% slept 5 h or less. The higher the number of miles to be traveled, the higher the decrease, and the shorter the sleep time. The night before travel, 18 and 24% of the drivers complained of poor sleep quality and difficulty falling asleep. The sleep characteristics on the night before travel were associated with the habitual sleep characteristics. At the time of the test, 47% of the drivers scored pathologically on the SSS. Poor sleep quality and difficulty falling asleep the night before travel were associated with increased sleepiness as assessed by the SSS and decreased attentional ability as assessed by the BLAST. No association between salivary markers and acute sleepiness was observed.ConclusionsThe sleep characteristics of the night before travel were associated with sleepiness and attentional performance. The SSS and the BLAST could be used by individual drivers in a self-evaluation context. Biological markers showed a high variability and limited association with sleep parameters across subjects, emphasizing the need for within-subject designs to assess their usefulness.

Published
2022
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61. Les dispositifs d’aide à distance : lignes de force de la prévention du suicide en France

Author

Notredame, C.-E., Jorioz, R., Mannoni, C., Wathelet, M., Grandgenèvre, P., Debien, C., Pauwels, N., Ducrocq, F., Leaune, E., Morgiève, Margot, Thomas, P., Vaiva, G., CHU Lille, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Fédération régionale de la recherche en psychiatrie et santé mentale Hauts-de-France [Lille] ( F2RSM Psy), Service de Psychiatrie [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Michel Fontan 1, Université de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience [Lille] (CN2R), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 (SCALab), and Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022
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62. Enhanced mismatch negativity in harmonic compared with inharmonic sounds

Author

Peter Vuust, Barbara Tillmann, Anne Caclin, Krzysztof Basiński, Lesly Fornoni, Elvira Brattico, Fanny Cholvy, J. Nasielski, D. R. Quiroga-Martinez, Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Medical University of Gdańsk, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), and Tillmann, Barbara

Subjects
Computer science, Speech recognition, Mismatch negativity, Amusia, event-related potentials, P3a, medicine, Natural sounds, Oddball paradigm, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Brain, Electroencephalography, Fundamental frequency, medicine.disease, auditory perception, Sound, pitch perception, Acoustic Stimulation, harmonicity, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Harmonic, Timbre, Music, amusia
Abstract

Many natural sounds have frequency spectra composed of integer multiples of a fundamental frequency. This property, known as harmonicity, plays an important role in auditory information processing. However, the extent to which harmonicity influences the processing of sound features beyond pitch is still unclear. This is interesting because harmonic sounds have lower information entropy than inharmonic sounds. According to predictive processing accounts of perception, this property could produce more salient neural responses due to the brain’s weighting of sensory signals according to their uncertainty. In the present study, we used electroencephalography to investigate brain responses to harmonic and inharmonic sounds commonly occurring in music: piano tones and hi-hat cymbal sounds. In a multi-feature oddball paradigm, we measured mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a responses to timbre, intensity, and location deviants in listeners with and without congenital amusia—an impairment of pitch processing. As hypothesized, we observed larger amplitudes and earlier latencies (for both MMN and P3a) in harmonic compared to inharmonic sounds. These harmonicity effects were modulated by sound feature. Moreover, the difference in P3a latency between harmonic and inharmonic sounds was larger for controls than amusics. We propose an explanation of these results based on predictive coding and discuss the relationship between harmonicity, information entropy, and precision weighting of prediction errors.

Published
2022
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63. Gender bias in academia: A lifetime problem that needs solutions

Author

Adrienne L. Fairhall, Rosa Dominguez-Faus, Nancy Kopell, Ilina Bhaya-Grossman, Brooke Staveland, Katarina Slama, Mark A. Gorenstein, Robert T. Knight, Richard Jimenez, Joni D. Wallis, Athina Tzovara, Pedro Pinheiro-Chagas, Jack J. Lin, Ignacio Saez, Dylan Riley, Maria Ivanova, Yvonne M. Fonken, Ivan Skelin, Chris Holdgraf, Déborah Marciano, Julia W. Y. Kam, Celeste Kidd, Danielle S. Bassett, Nicholas E. Myers, Adeen Flinker, Zachariah R. Cross, Soyeon Jun, Anaïs Llorens, Enitan T Marcelle, Anna C. Nobre, Anat Perry, Sabine Kastner, Stephanie Martin, Shlomit Yuval-Greenberg, Karita E. Ojala, Nina F. Dronkers, Laura J. Kray, Colin W. Hoy, Stephanie K. Riès, William K. Chang, Aurélie Bidet-Caulet, Ludovic Bellier, Xiao Jing Wang, Anne Kristin Solbakk, Elizabeth A. Buffalo, University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), University of Bern, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of South Australia [Adelaide], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), New York University School of Medicine (NYU), New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), University of Oxford, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), Stanford University, San Diego State University (SDSU), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of Pennsylvania, University of Washington [Seattle], Boston University [Boston] (BU), University of Oslo (UiO), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Princeton University, Otten, Lisa, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Llorens, Anaïs, Tzovara, Athina, Bellier, Ludovic, Bhaya-Grossman, Ilina, Cross, Zachariah R, and Dronkers, Nina F

Subjects
Gender Equity, Male, academic institutions, Gender equity, Universities, Inequality, media_common.quotation_subject, Sexism, MEDLINE, gender equity, Article, Gender bias, Psychology, Humans, 000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Research, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Neurosciences, 510 Mathematik, [SHS.GENRE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, Mental health, Research Personnel, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Good Health and Well Being, Balance (accounting), Cognitive Sciences, Female, Demographic economics, Generic health relevance, 610 Medizin und Gesundheit, [SHS.GENRE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, Diversity (politics)
Abstract

International audience; Despite increased awareness of the lack of gender equity in academia and a growing number of initiatives to address issues of diversity, change is slow, and inequalities remain. A major source of inequity is gender bias, which has a substantial negative impact on the careers, work-life balance, and mental health of underrepresented groups in science. Here, we argue that gender bias is not a single problem but manifests as a collection of distinct issues that impact researchers’ lives. We disentangle these facets and propose concrete solutions that can be adopted by individuals, academic institutions, and society

Published
2021
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64. Is Fall Risk Systematically Evaluated in Memory Clinics? A National Survey of Practice in France

Author

Florence Pasquier, Victoire Leroy, Pierre Krolak-Salmon, Bertrand Fougère, Françcois Puisieux, Naiara Demnitz, Yaohua Chen, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Lille, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche [Lille-Bailleul] (CMRR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Elderly Health Service, Hôpital des Charpennes [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Éducation Éthique Santé EA 7505 (EES), and Université de Tours (UT)

Subjects
Male, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Specialty, Standardized test, Computer-assisted web interviewing, Timed Up and Go test, Risk Assessment, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Outpatient clinic, Dementia, 030212 general & internal medicine, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Geriatric Assessment, Postural Balance, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Memory Disorders, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Memory clinic, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Health Care Surveys, Family medicine, Accidental Falls, Female, France, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Neurocognitive, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Background: Falls are a major health problem in older persons but are still under-diagnosed and challenging to prevent. Current guidelines do not target high-risk populations, especially people living with dementia. In France, people with neurocognitive disorders are mainly referred to memory clinics (MCs). Objective: We aimed to survey the routine practice of physicians working in MCs regarding fall risk assessment. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in France from January to May 2019 among physicians working in MCs, through an anonymous online questionnaire: twenty-seven questions about the physician’s background and their practice of fall risk assessment, especially use of clinical and paraclinical tools. We compared the results according to the age and the specialty of the physician. Results: We obtained 171 responses with a majority of women (60%) and geriatricians (78%). All age classes and all French regions were represented. Most of respondents (98.8%) stated that they address gait and/or falls in outpatient clinic and 95.9%in day hospitals. When asked about how they assess fall risk, fall history (83%) and gait examination (68.4%) were the most widely used, while orthostatic hypotension (24%) and clinical standardized tests (25.7%) were less common. Among standardized tests, One-leg Balance, Timed Up and Go Test, and gait speed measurements were the most used. Geriatricians had more complete fall risk assessment than neurologists (e.g., 56%versus 13%for use of standardized tests, p

Published
2021
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65. The posterior parietal cortex processes visuo-spatial and extra-retinal information for saccadic remapping: A case study

Author

Denis Pélisson, Laure Pisella, Alexis Cheviet, and Lyon Neuroscience Research center

Subjects
genetic structures, Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, Posterior parietal cortex, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive neuroscience, 050105 experimental psychology, Neglect, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, 05 social sciences, Eye movement, Retinal, Saccadic masking, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, chemistry, Saccade, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Optimally collecting information and controlling behaviour require that we constantly scan our visual environment through eye movements. How the dynamic interaction between short-lived retinal images and extra-retinal signals of eye motion results in our subjective experience of visual stability remains a major issue in Cognitive Neuroscience. The present study aimed to assess and determine the nature of the contribution of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) to the saccadic remapping mechanisms which contribute to such perceptual visual constancy. Perceptual responses in transsaccadic visual localization tasks were measured in a patient presenting with a PPC lesion and manifesting optic ataxia in the left hemifield with no neglect. Two perceptual localization tasks, each with versus without an intervening saccade, were used: the saccadic suppression of displacement (SSD) task (Ostendorf, Liebermann, & Ploner, 2010) and the peri-saccadic flash localization (LOC) task (Zimmerman & Lappe, 2010). Compared to a group of age-matched healthy subjects, the patient showed a specific pattern of perceptual deficits in the ataxic (left) hemifield. First, a significant impairment occurred in the stationary eye conditions, attesting for an alteration of visuo-spatial encoding. Second, in the saccade conditions, an additional perceptual deficit (an error of ~5° along the saccade direction) was observed in both tasks and mainly in conditions where extra-retinal signals are thought to be critically involved, revealing a constant underestimation by extra-retinal signals of the saccade size, despite preserved saccade accuracy. These findings highlight a crucial role of the PPC in saccadic remapping processes underlying perceptual visual constancy and provide empirical evidence for models such as Ziesche and Hamker's (2014).

Published
2021
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66. Art Exists Because the Viewer Exists: How François Morellet’s Triple X Neonly Influences Postural Control and Subjective Aesthetic Appreciation

Author

Lindsey M Ward, Chrystalina Antoniades, Marine Vernet, Zoï Kapoula, Aurélien Morize, Physiopathologie de la vision et de la motricité binoculaire (IRIS - UAR 2022), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, and Vernet, Marine

Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science, Visual Arts and Performing Arts, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO] Cognitive science, Psychology, Engineering (miscellaneous), Music, Computer Science Applications, Postural control, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

The authors study the effects of viewing François Morellet’s Triple X Neonly (2012) on postural control and subjective appreciation. Participants were asked to view monocularly and binocularly. Their average forward-backward (anteroposterior) body sway root mean square (rms) velocity was significantly greater viewing it monocularly. Participants showed diverse reactions to the artwork, yet comments mainly concerned apparent movement and depth. The authors conclude that binocular viewing facilitates viewer appreciation of the proximity of the central X, thus requiring less energy to keep the body stable. This study confirms the artist’s success in involving viewers actively in their aesthetic experience through their eye and body movements.

Published
2022
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67. Neurocognitive basis of deductive reasoning in children varies with parental education

Author

Jérôme Prado, Ö Ece Demir-Lira, James R. Booth, University of Iowa [Iowa City], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vanderbilt University [Nashville], Prado, Jérôme, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Parents, Deductive reasoning, Adolescent, education, Psychological intervention, Prefrontal Cortex, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, socioeconomic status, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, Nonverbal communication, 0302 clinical medicine, Parental education, Parietal Lobe, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Cognitive skill, Child, 10. No inequality, Socioeconomic status, Research Articles, Problem Solving, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, verbal, nonverbal, Functional Neuroimaging, fMRI, parental education, 05 social sciences, Cognition, [SCCO] Cognitive science, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Social Class, Neurology, deductive reasoning, Educational Status, Female, Neurology (clinical), Nerve Net, Anatomy, Psychology, Neurocognitive, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article
Abstract

The neurocognitive basis of elementary academic skills varies with parental socioeconomic status (SES). Little is known, however, about SES‐related differences underlying higher‐order cognitive skills that are critical for school success, such as reasoning. Here we used fMRI to examine how the neurocognitive basis of deductive reasoning varies as a function of parental education in school‐aged children. Higher parental education was associated with greater reliance on the left inferior frontal gyrus when solving set‐inclusion problems, consistent with other work suggesting that these problems might more heavily rely on verbal systems in the brain. In addition, children who are at the lower end of the parental education continuum, but have higher nonverbal skills relied on right parietal areas to a greater degree than their peers for solving set‐inclusion problems. Finally, lower parental education children with higher verbal or nonverbal skill engaged dorsolateral prefrontal regions to a greater degree for set‐inclusion and linear‐order relations than their peers. These findings suggest that children with lower parental education rely on spatial and cognitive control mechanisms to achieve parity with their peers with parents who have more education. Better understanding variability in the neurocognitive networks that children recruit as a function of their parental factors might benefit future individualized interventions that best match children's characteristics., Higher parental education was associated with greater reliance on the left inferior frontal gyrus when solving set‐inclusion reasoning problems, consistent with other work suggesting that these problems might more heavily rely on verbal systems in the brain. Children who are at the lower end of the parental education continuum, but have higher nonverbal skills relied on right parietal areas to a greater degree than their peers for solving set‐inclusion problems. Finally, lower parental education children with higher verbal or nonverbal skill engaged dorsolateral prefrontal regions to a greater degree for set‐inclusion and linear‐order relations than their peers.

Published
2021
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68. Untreated patients with multiple sclerosis: A study of French expert centers

Author

Xavier Moisset, Bruno Stankoff, Pierre Clavelou, Karolina Hankiewicz, Bruno Brochet, Olivier Casez, Bruno Pereira, Chantal Nifle, Thibault Moreau, Sandra Vukusic, Christine Lebrun-Frenay, Eric Thouvenot, Alain Créange, Olivier Gout, Corinne Pottier, Olivier Heinzlef, Caroline Papeix, Gilles Defer, Eric Berger, David Laplaud, Audrey-Anne Fouchard, S. Bakchine, Alexis Montcuquet, Jean Pelletier, Jérôme De Seze, Dalia Dimitri Boulos, Jean-Philippe Camdessanché, Pierre Labauge, Bertrand Bourre, Philippe Cabre, Abdullatif Al-Khedr, Aude Maurousset, Frederic Taithe, Gilles Edan, Jonathan Ciron, Nicolas Maubeuge, Guillaume Mathey, Patrick Vermersch, Jonchère, Laurent, Cohortes - Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques - - OFSEP2010 - ANR-10-COHO-0002 - COHO - VALID, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), Service de neurologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Neurocentre Magendie : Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (U1215 Inserm - UB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut François Magendie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CHU Strasbourg, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Lille, Hôpital Lapeyronie [Montpellier] (CHU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), Centre d'épidémiologie des populations (CEP), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rotschild, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain, CHU Amiens-Picardie, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], CHU Limoges, CHU Henri Mondor, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), CHU Trousseau [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis [Ile-de-France], Centre Hospitalier René Dubos [Pontoise], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Hôpital Bicêtre, Centre Hospitalier Versailles, 78000 Le Chesnay, France, parent, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Agence Nationale de la Recherche French National Research Agency (ANR) European Commission [ANR-10-COHO-002], ANR-10-COHO-0002,OFSEP,Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques(2010), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, F-33000 Bordeaux, France, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Multiple Sclerosis, Multivariate analysis, untreated, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], progressive, Unmet needs, Primary progressive, 03 medical and health sciences, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, 10. No inequality, Retrospective Studies, unmet medical needs, Expanded Disability Status Scale, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Retrospective cohort study, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive, medicine.disease, relapsing-remitting, Confidence interval, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Neurology, Neurology (clinical), Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Background and purpose: Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have an impact on relapses and disease progression. Nonetheless, many patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) remain untreated. The objectives of the present study were to determine the proportion of untreated patients with MS followed in expert centers in France and to determine the predictive factors of nontreatment. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Data were extracted from the 38 centers participating in the European Database for Multiple Sclerosis (EDMUS) on December 15, 2018, and patients with MS seen at least once during the study period (from June 15, 2016 to June 14, 2017) were included. Results: Of the 21,189 patients with MS (age 47.1 +/- 13.1 years; Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score 3.4 +/- 2.4), 6,631 (31.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 30.7-31.9) were not receiving any DMT. Although patients with a relapsing-remitting course (n = 11,693) were the most likely to receive DMT, 14.8% (95% CI 14.2-15.4) were still untreated (6.8% never treated). After multivariate analysis among patients with relapsing-remitting MS, the main factors explaining never having been treated were: not having >= 9 lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (odds ratio [OR] 0.52 [95% CI 0.44-0.61]) and lower EDSS score (OR 0.78 [95% CI 0.74-0.82]). Most patients with progressive MS (50.4% for secondary and 64.2% for primary progressive MS) did not receive any DMT during the study period, while 11.6% of patients with secondary and 34.0% of patients with primary progressive MS had never received any DMT. Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients with MS did not receive any DMT, even though such treatments are reimbursed by the healthcare system for French patients. This result highlights the unmet need for current DMTs for a large subgroup of patients with MS.

Published
2021
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69. A Single Session of Bifrontal tDCS Can Improve Facial Emotion Recognition in Major Depressive Disorder: An Exploratory Pilot Study

Author

Laetitia Imbert, Rémi Moirand, Benoit Bediou, Olivier Koenig, Gabrielle Chesnoy, Eric Fakra, Jérôme Brunelin, Psychiatric Disorders, Neuroscience Research and Clinical Research (PSYR2), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EMC), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), CHU Saint-Etienne, and Brunelin, Jérôme

Subjects
MDD, facial emotion recognition, [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, tDCS, brain stimulation, depression, DLPFC, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Medicine (miscellaneous), [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract

International audience; Emotional processing deficits are key features in major depressive disorder (MDD). Neuroimaging studies indicate that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a pivotal role in both depressive symptoms and emotional processing. Recently, transcranial Direct Current Stimulations (tDCS) applied over the DLPFCs have held the promise to alleviate the symptoms in patients with MDD, but the effect on emotional processing in the patients is unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of a single session of tDCS over the DLPFCs on the emotional processing in patients with treatment-resistant MDD. In a randomized sham-controlled study, 35 patients received a single 30 min session of either active (2 mA, n = 18) or sham tDCS (n = 17). The anode was placed over the left and the cathode over the right DLPFC. Emotional processing accuracy was measured by a facial emotion recognition (FER) task. We observed an overall improvement in FER performance after the active tDCS, but not the sham tDCS. These exploratory results suggest that a single session of tDCS over the DLPFCs may improve FER in MDD, a crucial function of social cognition. Further studies are needed to investigate whether this acute improvement of FER in response to a single tDCS session could translate into clinical benefits or predict remission following repeated sessions of stimulation.

Published
2022
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70. Disease modifying therapies and disease activity during pregnancy and postpartum in a contemporary cohort of relapsing Multiple Sclerosis patients

Author

Lucile Lescot, Mathilde Lefort, Soizic Leguy, Emmanuelle Le Page, Sandra Vukusic, Gilles Edan, Anne Kerbrat, Christine Lebrun-Frenay, Jérome De Sèze, David Axel Laplaud, Sandrine Wiertlewski, Emmanuelle Leray, Laure Michel, Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre de Recherches sur l'Action Politique en Europe (ARENES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Rennes-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EHESP-ARENES (EHESP-ARENES), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), CIC Strasbourg (Centre d’Investigation Clinique Plurithématique (CIC - P) ), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie - Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology (U1064 Inserm - CR2TI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Microenvironment and B-cells: Immunopathology,Cell Differentiation, and Cancer (MOBIDIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Etablissement français du sang [Rennes] (EFS Bretagne)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This work has been done with data from the OFSEP (http://www.ofsep.org/fr/), which is supported by a grant provided by the French State and handled by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche within the framework of the Investments for the Future program under the reference ANR-10-COHO-002 OFSEP and by the Eugene Devic Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis., ANR-10-COHO-0002,OFSEP,Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques(2010), Jonchère, Laurent, and Cohortes - Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques - - OFSEP2010 - ANR-10-COHO-0002 - COHO - VALID

Subjects
Multiple sclerosis, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Neurology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Neurology (clinical), General Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Disease modifying yherapies, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Post-partum, Relapses
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: In Multiple Sclerosis (MS) women, therapeutic management for pregnancy planning and during pregnancy still represents a challenge regarding timing of disease-modifying therapies (DMT) stop, risk of disease reactivation and potential fetal toxicity. The objective of this study was to describe disease activity during pregnancy and postpartum depending on treatment status before conception in women with MS. METHODS: 339 MS patients who have achieved a pregnancy between 2007 and 2017 were included. Women were classified according to their exposure to DMT in the 18 months period prior to pregnancy (untreated / first- / second/third-line treatment). RESULTS: 122 women were not exposed to DMT prior to conception, whereas 147 were exposed to first-line DMT and 70 to second/third line DMT (73% to natalizumab and 23% to fingolimod) before conception. In the first-line group, the ARR decreased from 0.39 during the year before conception to 0.21 during pregnancy, whereas it increased in the second/third-line group from 0.59 to 0.78. 47.1% of the second/third-line group faced at least one relapse during pregnancy and the time from conception to first relapse was significantly shorter in this group (p < 10(-4)). The risk of relapse during pregnancy and postpartum was associated with occurrence of pre-conception relapses and second/third line DMT exposure before pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Careful consideration should be given to natalizumab and fingolimod exposed patients before conception as they are at higher risk of reactivation of MS during pregnancy.

Published
2022
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71. Noradrenaline and Movement Initiation Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease: A Pharmacological Functional MRI Study with Clonidine

Author

Marion Criaud, Chloé Laurencin, Alice Poisson, Elise Metereau, Jérôme Redouté, Stéphane Thobois, Philippe Boulinguez, Bénédicte Ballanger, King‘s College London, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal Et Pluridisciplinaire en imagerie du vivant (CERMEP - imagerie du vivant), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (CNC), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ballanger, Benedicte

Subjects
Parkinson’s disease, movement initiation, akinesia, inhibitory control, noradrenaline, clonidine, α2-adrenoceptor, functional MRI, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Movement, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Parkinson Disease, General Medicine, Movement Initiation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Clonidine, Parkinson’s Disease, Α2-adrenoceptor, Norepinephrine, [SDV.SP.PHARMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Noradrenaline, Inhibitory Control, Humans, Akinesia, Functional MRI
Abstract

International audience; Slowness of movement initiation is a cardinal motor feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is not fully reverted by current dopaminergic treatments. This trouble could be due to the dysfunction of executive processes and, in particular, of inhibitory control of response initiation, a function possibly associated with the noradrenergic (NA) system. The implication of NA in the network supporting proactive inhibition remains to be elucidated using pharmacological protocols. For that purpose, we administered 150 μg of clonidine to 15 healthy subjects and 12 parkinsonian patients in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled design. Proactive inhibition was assessed by means of a Go/noGo task, while pre-stimulus brain activity was measured by event-related functional MRI. Acute reduction in noradrenergic transmission induced by clonidine enhanced difficulties initiating movements reflected by an increase in omission errors and modulated the activity of the anterior node of the proactive inhibitory network (dorsomedial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices) in PD patients. We conclude that NA contributes to movement initiation by acting on proactive inhibitory control via the α2-adrenoceptor. We suggest that targeting noradrenergic dysfunction may represent a new treatment approach in some of the movement initiation disorders seen in Parkinson’s disease

Published
2022
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72. Systematic MRI in persistent post-Covid-19 olfactory dysfunction should be reassessed

Author

Ioana Brudasca, Quentin Lisan, Romain Tournegros, Moustafa Bensafi, Camille Ferdenzi, Arnaud Fournel, Luna Denoix, Stéphane Tringali, Maxime Fieux, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Biomécanique & Appareil Respiratoire (BAR), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ferdenzi, Camille

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, imaging, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Otorhinolaryngology, [SDV.MHEP.OS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Immunology and Allergy, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, olfactory disorder, olfaction
Abstract

International audience; Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard in the etiological assessment of a persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD). While the utility of imaging in COVID-19-related OD has yet to be established, MRI is recommended in all patients with persistent OD. The high prevalence of the latter after SARS-CoV-2 infection means evaluating this strategy is an important public health matter.Methods:The main objective was to examine the impact of systematic MRI on the management of patients with OD. All adult patients consulting for persistent OD (>2 months) after primary SARS-COV-2 infection (PCR) between March 2020 and December 2021 were included (n = 67). The secondary objective was to evaluate the relationship between the severity of the OD as measured by psychophysical testing (ETOC) and the volume of the olfactory bulb (OB) measured by MRI.Results: All patients underwent MRI, and none led to a change in diagnosis or treatment. Among them, 82% (55/67) were considered normal by the radiologist on initial interpretation. There were no significant differences (visual analysis or OB volume) between groups (mild, moderate, and severe hyposmia).Conclusion: Systematic MRI may be unnecessary in patients whose persistent OD began soon (a few days) after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Published
2022
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73. Personality Assessment with Temperament and Character Inventory in Parkinson's Disease

Author

Mathilde Boussac, Christophe Arbus, Olivier Colin, Chloé Laurencin, Alexandre Eusebio, Elodie Hainque, Jean Christophe Corvol, Nathalie Versace, Olivier Rascol, Vanessa Rousseau, Estelle Harroch, Fabienne Ory-Magne, Margherita Fabbri, Caroline Moreau, Anne-Sophie Rolland, Béchir Jarraya, David Maltête, Sophie Drapier, Ana-Raquel Marques, Nicolas Auzou, Thomas Wirth, Mylène Meyer, Bruno Giordana, Mélissa Tir, Tiphaine Rouaud, David Devos, Christine Brefel-Courbon, Pr Luc Defebvre, Dr Nicolas Carriere, Dr Guillaume Grolez, Dr Guillaume Baille, Dr Kreisler, Pr Jean-Pierre Pruvo, Pr Leclerc, Dr Renaud Lopes, Dr Romain Viard, Dr Gregory Kuchcinski, Mr Julien Dumont, Pr Kathy Dujardin, Mme M. Delliaux, Mrs M. Brion, Dr Gustavo Touzet, Pr Nicolas Reyns, Pr Arnaud Delval, Mrs Valerie Santraine, Mrs Marie Pleuvret, Mrs Nolwen Dautrevaux, Mr Victor Laugeais, Thavarak Ouk, Camille Potey, Celine Leclercq, Elise Gers, Jean-Christophe Corvol, null Marie-Vidailhet, Marie-Laure Welter, Lucette Lacomblez, David Grabli, Emmanuel Roze, Yulia Worbe, Cécile Delorme, Hana You, Jonas Ihle, Raquel Guimeraes-Costa, Florence Cormier-Dequaire, Aurélie Méneret, Andréas Hartmann, Louise-Laure Mariani, Stéphane Lehericy, Virginie Czernecki, Fanny Pineau, Frédérique Bozon, Camille Huiban, Eve Benchetrit, Carine Karachi, Soledad Navarro, Philippe Cornu, Arlette Welaratne, Carole Dongmo-Kenfack, Lise Mantisi, Nathalie Jarry, Sophie Aix, Carine Lefort, Dr Tiphaine Rouaud, Pr Philippe Damier, Pr Pascal Derkinderen, Dr Anne-Gaelle Corbille, Dr Elisabeth Calvier-Auffray, Mrs Laetitia Rocher, Mrs Anne-Laure Deruet, Dr Raoul Sylvie, Dr Roualdes Vincent, Mrs Le Dily Séverine, Dr Ana Marques, Dr Berangere Debilly, Pr Franck Durif, Dr Philippe Derost, Dr Charlotte Beal, Carine Chassain, Laure Delaby, Tiphaine Vidal, Pr Jean Jacques Lemaire, Isabelle Rieu, Elodie Durand, Pr Alexandre Eusebio, Pr Jean-Philippe Azulay, Dr Tatiana Witjas, Dr Frédérique Fluchère, Dr Stephan Grimaldi, Pr Nadine Girard, Marie Delfini, Dr Romain Carron, Pr Jean Regis, Dr Giorgio Spatola, Camille Magnaudet, Dr Ansquer Solène, Dr Benatru Isabelle, Dr Colin Olivier, Pr Houeto Jl, Pr Guillevin Remy, Mrs Fradet Anne, Mrs Anziza Manssouri, Mrs Blondeau Sophie, Dr Richard Philippe, Dr Cam Philippe, Dr Page Philippe, Pr Bataille Benoit, Mrs Rabois Emilie, Mrs Guillemain Annie, Dr Drapier Sophie, Dr Frédérique Leh, Dr Alexandre Bonnet, Pr Marc Vérin, Dr Jean-Christophe Ferré, Mr Jean François Houvenaghel, Pr Claire Haegelen, Mrs Francoise Kestens, Mrs Solenn Ory, Pr Pierre Burbaud, Dr Nathalie Damon-Perriere, Pr Wassilios Meissner, Pr Francois Tison, Dr Stéphanie Bannier, Dr Elsa Krim, Pr Dominique Guehl, Sandrine Molinier-Blossier, Morgan Ollivier, Marion Lacoste, Marie Bonnet, Pr Emmanuel Cuny, Dr Julien Engelhardt, Olivier Branchard, Clotilde Huet, Julie Blanchard, Pr Rascol Olivier, Dr Christine Brefel Courbon, Dr Fabienne Ory Magne, Dr Marion Simonetta Moreau, Pr Christophe Arbus, Pr Fabrice Bonneville, Dr Jean Albert Lotterie, Marion Sarrail, Charlotte Scotto d’Apollonia, Pr Patrick Chaynes, Pr François Caire, Pr David Maltete, Dr Romain Lefaucheur, Dr Damien Fetter, Dr Nicolas Magne, Mrs Sandrine Bioux, Mrs Maud Loubeyre, Mrs Evangéline Bliaux, Mrs Dorothée Pouliquen, Pr Stéphane Derrey, Mrs Linda Vernon, Dr Frédéric Ziegler, Mathieu Anheim, Ouhaid Lagha-Boukbiza, Christine Tranchant, Odile Gebus, Solveig Montaut, S. Kremer, Nadine Longato, Clélie Phillips, Jimmy Voirin, Marie des Neiges Santin, Dominique Chaussemy, Dr Amaury Mengin, Dr Caroline Giordana, Dr Claire Marsé, Lydiane Mondot, Robin Kardous, Bernadette Bailet, Héloise Joly, Denys Fontaine, Dr Aurélie Leplus, Amélie Faustini, Vanessa Ferrier, Pr Pierre Krystkowiak, Dr Mélissa Tir, Pr Jean-Marc Constans, Sandrine Wannepain, Audrey Seling, Dr Michel Lefranc, Stéphanie Blin, Béatrice Schuler, Pr Stephane Thobois, Dr Teodor Danaila, Dr Chloe Laurencin, Pr Yves Berthezene, Dr Roxana Ameli, Helene Klinger, Dr Gustavo Polo, Patrick Mertens, A. Nunes, Elise Metereau, Dr Lucie Hopes, Dr Solène Frismand, Dr Emmanuelle Schmitt, Mrs Mylène Meyer, Mrs Céline Dillier, Pr Sophie Colnat, Mrs Anne Chatelain, Dr Jean- Philippe Brandel, Dr Cécile Hubsch, Dr Patte Karsenti, Dr Marie Lebouteux, Dr Marc Ziegler, Dr Christine Delmaire, Dr Julien Savatowky, Mrs Juliette Vrillac, Mrs Claire Nakache, Dr Vincent D'Hardemare, Mr Lhaouas Belamri, Dr Valérie Mesnage, Dr Cécilia Bonnet, Dr Jarbas Correa Lino, Dr Camille Decrocq, Dr Anne Boulin, Mrs Inès Barre, Mrs Jordane Manouvrier, Dr Bérénice Gardel, Pr Béchir Jarraya, Mrs Catherine Ziz, Mrs Lydie Prette, Mr Hassen Douzane, David Gay, Robin Bonicel, Fouzia El Mountassir, Clara Fischer, Jean-François Mangin, Marie Chupin, Yann Cointepas, Bertrand Accart, Patrick Gelé, Florine Fievet, Matthieu Chabel, Virginie Derenaucourt, Loïc Facon, Yanick Tchantchou Njosse, Dominique Deplanque, Alain Duhamel, Lynda Djemmane, Florence Duflot, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre Hospitalier de Brive-la-Gaillarde (CH Brive), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Marseille, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital de la Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre d’Excellence en Maladies Neurodégénératives (NeuroToul), CIC - Biotherapie - Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Lille, Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Neuroimagerie cognitive - Psychologie cognitive expérimentale (UNICOG-U992), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies - UR UPJV 4559 (LNFP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), This work was supported by the France Parkinson charity and French Ministry of Health (PHRC national 2012). This is an ancillary study to Protocol ID: 2013-A00193-42, ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02360683., Centre Hospitalier Brive-la-Gaillarde, and Hôpital P.P.-Riquet

Subjects
Personality Inventory, Temperament and character inventory, Parkinson's disease, Parkinson Disease, Personality Assessment, Antidepressive Agents, Neurology, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Fluctuating PD patients, Quality of Life, Humans, Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology, Temperament, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Personality
Abstract

International audience; INTRODUCTION: There is a growing interest in personality evaluation in Parkinson's disease (PD), following observations of specific temperaments in PD patients. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate personality dimensions from the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) in a cohort of fluctuating PD patients considered for deep brain stimulation. METHODS: Fluctuating PD patients from the PREDISTIM cohort were included. Description of TCI dimensions and comparison with a French normative cohort were performed. Pearson correlations between TCI dimensions and motor, behavioral and cognitive variables were investigated. Structural and internal consistency analysis of the TCI were further assessed. RESULTS: The 570 PD patients presented significant higher scores in Harm Avoidance, Reward Dependence, Persistence, Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness and significant lower scores in Self-Transcendence compared to the French normative cohort; only Novelty Seeking scores were not different. Harm Avoidance and Self-directedness scores were correlated with PDQ-39 total, HAMD, HAMA scores, and anxiolytic/antidepressant treatment. Novelty Seeking scores were correlated with impulsivity. Pearson correlations between TCI dimensions, principal component analysis of TCI sub-dimensions and Cronbach's alpha coefficients showed adequate psychometric proprieties. CONCLUSION: The TCI seems to be an adequate tool to evaluate personality dimensions in PD with good structural and internal consistencies. These fluctuating PD patients also have specific personality dimensions compared to normative French population. Moreover, Harm Avoidance and Self-Directedness scores are associated with anxio-depressive state or quality of life and, and Novelty Seeking scores with impulsivity.

Published
2022
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74. Disease Reactivation After Cessation of Disease-Modifying Therapy in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Author

Roos, Izanne, Malpas, Charles, Leray, Emmanuelle, Casey, Romain, Horakova, Dana, Havrdova, Eva Kubala, Debouverie, Marc, Patti, Francesco, De Seze, Jerome, Izquierdo, Guillermo, Eichau, Sara, Edan, Gilles, Prat, Alexandre, Girard, Marc, Ozakbas, Serkan, Grammond, Pierre, Zephir, Helene, Ciron, Jonathan, Maillart, Elisabeth, Moreau, Thibault, Amato, Maria Pia, Labauge, Pierre, Alroughani, Raed, Buzzard, Katherine, Skibina, Olga, Terzi, Murat, Laplaud, David Axel, Berger, Eric, Grand'Maison, Francois, Lebrun-Frenay, Christine, Cartechini, Elisabetta, Boz, Cavit, Lechner-Scott, Jeannette, Clavelou, Pierre, Stankoff, Bruno, Prevost, Julie, Kappos, Ludwig, Pelletier, Jean, Shaygannejad, Vahid, Yamout, Bassem I, Khoury, Samia J, Gerlach, Oliver, Spitaleri, Daniele L A, Van Pesch, Vincent, Gout, Olivier, Turkoglu, Recai, Heinzlef, Olivier, Thouvenot, Eric, McCombe, Pamela Ann, Soysal, Aysun, Bourre, Bertrand, Slee, Mark, Castillo-Trivino, Tamara, Bakchine, Serge, Ampapa, Radek, Butler, Ernest Gerard, Wahab, Abir, Macdonell, Richard A, Aguera-Morales, Eduardo, Cabre, Philippe, Ben, Nasr Haifa, Van der Walt, Anneke, Laureys, Guy, Van Hijfte, Liesbeth, Ramo-Tello, Cristina M, Maubeuge, Nicolas, Hodgkinson, Suzanne, Sánchez-Menoyo, José Luis, Barnett, Michael H, Labeyrie, Celine, Vucic, Steve, Sidhom, Youssef, Gouider, Riadh, Csepany, Tunde, Sotoca, Javier, de Gans, Koen, Al-Asmi, Abdullah, Fragoso, Yara Dadalti, Vukusic, Sandra, Butzkueven, Helmut, Kalincik, Tomas, MSBase and OFSEP, UCL - SSS/IONS/CEMO - Pôle Cellulaire et moléculaire, University of Melbourne, Centre de Recherches sur l'Action Politique en Europe (ARENES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Rennes-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Recherche sur les services et le management en santé (RSMS), Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Recherche en Pharmaco-épidémiologie et Recours aux Soins (REPERES), Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), CIC Strasbourg (Centre d’Investigation Clinique Plurithématique (CIC - P) ), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre d'épidémiologie des populations (CEP), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, CIC Plurithématique de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Ministère des Affaires sociales et de la Santé-Direction générale de l'offre de soins (DGOS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie - Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology (U1064 Inserm - CR2TI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Unité de Recherche Clinique de la Côte d’Azur (URRIS UR2CA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Neuro-Dol (Neuro-Dol), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting, Multiple Sclerosis, Fingolimod Hydrochloride, Recurrence, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Natalizumab, Humans, Female, Neurology (clinical), Immunosuppressive Agents, Research Article, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Objectives:To evaluate the rate of return of disease activity after cessation of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapy.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study from two large observational MS registries: MSBase and OFSEP. Patients with relapsing-remitting MS who had ceased a disease-modifying therapy and were followed up for the subsequent 12-months were included in the analysis. The primary study outcome was annualised relapse rate in the 12 months after disease-modifying therapy discontinuation stratified by patients who did, and did not, commence a subsequent therapy. The secondary endpoint was the predictors of first relapse and disability accumulation after treatment discontinuation.Results:14,213 patients, with 18,029 eligible treatment discontinuation epochs, were identified for seven therapies. Annualised rates of relapse (ARR) started to increase 2-months after natalizumab cessation (month 2-4 ARR, 95% confidence interval): 0.47, 0.43-0.51). Commencement of a subsequent therapy within 2-4 months reduced the magnitude of disease reactivation (mean ARR difference: 0.15, 0.08-0.22). After discontinuation of fingolimod, rates of relapse increased overall (month 1-2 ARR: 0.80, 0.70-0.89), and stabilised faster in patients who started a new therapy within 1-2 months (mean ARR difference: 0.14, -0.01-0.29). Magnitude of disease reactivation for other therapies was low, but reduced further by commencement of another treatment 1-10 months after treatment discontinuation. Predictors of relapse were higher relapse rate in the year before cessation, female sex, younger age and higher EDSS. Commencement of a subsequent therapy reduced both the risk of relapse (HR 0.76, 95%CI 0.72-0.81) and disability accumulation (0.73, 0.65-0.80).Conclusion:The rate of disease reactivation after treatment cessation differs among MS treatments, with the peaks of relapse activity ranging from 1 to 10 months in untreated cohorts that discontinued different therapies. These results suggest that untreated intervals should be minimised after stopping anti-trafficking therapies (natalizumab and fingolimod).Classification of evidence:This study provides class III that disease reactivation occurs within months of discontinuation of multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapies. Risk of disease activity is reduced by commencement of a subsequent therapy.

Published
2022
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75. Interaction and its failures: an approach through embarrassment and shame

Author

Maire, Hélène, Charafeddine, Rawan, van der Henst, Jean-Baptiste, Laboratoire lorrain de psychologie et neurosciences de la dynamique des comportements (2LPN), Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-21-CE28-0014 CHILD-GAP, and MAIRE, Hélène

Subjects
[SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, children, mixed-gender interactions, MESH: social norm, transgression, embarrassment, shame, power situations, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, social norm, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

The present study is a theoretical and methodological proposal rooted in the field of social developmental psychology and describes three objectives. First, it aims to show how transgressive situations are conducive to study of social norms governing interactions. Second, the similarities and differences between two emotions, namely shame and embarrassment, are outlined in order to better understand how their respective measures can highlight social norms in interactions. Third, we illustrate our proposal to study social norms through emotional reactions by presenting an ongoing experiment, that examines how children may react to a power situation., Le présent travail est une proposition théorique et méthodologique ancrée dans le champ de la psychologie sociale du développement. Il se donne trois principaux objectifs. D’abord, il s’agira de montrer comment les situations de transgressions sont propices à l’étude des normes sociales régissant les interactions. Ensuite, en explicitant les similitudes et les différences entre deux émotions émergentes en situation (i.e., honte et embarras), on verra comment leurs mesures respectives peuvent constituer d’astucieux outils pour mettre en lumière des normes sociales à l’œuvre lors d’interactions. Enfin, une recherche en cours, menée auprès d’enfants dans le cas où une asymétrie de pouvoir est établie entre protagonistes, sera présentée afin d’exemplifier cette proposition méthodologique.

Published
2022
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76. Peer presence elicits task-independent changes within and beyond the mentalizing network across children and adults

Author

Leslie Tricoche, Denis Pélisson, Léa Longo, Eric Koun, Alice Poisson, Jérôme Prado, Martine Meunier, Integrative Multisensory Perception, Action and Cognition (IMPACT), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité des pathologies du sommeil et équipe de recherche AESIO Santé unité de Saint-Etienne, Clinique médico chirurgicale mutualiste, and Pelisson, Denis

Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science, children, audience effect, literacy, [SCCO] Cognitive science, numeracy
Abstract

There is ample behavioral evidence that others’ mere presence can affect any behavior in human and non-human animals, generally facilitating the expression of mastered responses while impairing the acquisition of novel ones. Much less is known about i) how the brain orchestrates the modulation of such a wide array of behaviors by others’ presence and ii) when these neural underpinnings mature during development. To address these issues, fMRI data were collected in children and adults alternately observed and unobserved by a familiar peer. Subjects performed two tasks. One, numerosity comparison, depends on number-processing brain areas, the other, phonological comparison, on language-processing areas. Consistently with previous behavioral findings, peer observation facilitated both tasks, and children’s improvement was comparable to adults’. Regarding brain activation, we found virtually no evidence of observation-driven changes within the number- or language-related areas specific to each task. Rather, we observed the same task-independent changes for both numerosity and phonological comparisons. This unique neural signature encompassed a large brain network of domain-general areas involved in social cognition, especially mentalizing, attention, and reward. It was also largely shared by children and adults. The one exception was children’s right temporoparietal junction, which failed to show the observation- driven lesser deactivation seen in adults. These findings indicate that social facilitation of some human education-related skills is i) primarily orchestrated by domain-general brain networks, rather than by task-selective substrates, and ii) relatively mature early in the course of education, thus having a protracted impact on academic achievements that may have heretofore been underestimated.HighlightBasic math and reading skills were measured in children and adults.Participants were alternately observed and unobserved by a familiar peer.Behavior showed that children were as facilitated by peer observation as adults.fMRI data showed task-independent, observation-driven changes in mentalizing, attention, and reward brain regions.All adults’ neural changes were also found in children, except one located in right temporo- parietal junction.

Published
2022

77. Sleep and Psychosocial Characteristics of Children with Narcolepsy According to Their Intellectual Profile: A Case-Control Study

Author

Marine Thieux, Min Zhang, Agathe Marcastel, Alice Poitrinal, Fanny Vassias, Aurore Guyon, Olivier Revol, Stephanie Mazza, Anne Guignard-Perret, Patricia Franco, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'épileptologie clinique pédiatrique [HCL-HFME, Lyon], Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Département de Psychopathologie du développement [HCL-HFME, Lyon], Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE - Inserm U1290 - UCBL1), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Thieux, Marine

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Cognition, Sleepiness, Intellectual quotient, Polysomnography, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Medicine
Abstract

International audience; Adequate intellectual abilities are a protective factor for psychosocial adjustments in chronic disorders. The main objective of this study was to assess the cognitive abilities, sleep, and psychosocial characteristics of children with narcolepsy compared to controls, according to their intellectual profile. Children underwent a polysomnography, completed an intellectual ability assessment, and filled out standardized questionnaires. The group with an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the area of high intellectual potential (high IQ, HIQ) consisted of 25 children with narcolepsy (HIQ-N, 40% boys, median age 11.5 years, 48% with obesity, 60% under treatment) and 25 controls (HIQ-C, 68% boys, median age 11.7 years). Compared to HIQ-C, HIQ-N had a lower perceptual reasoning index and fewer conduct disorders. The group with an IQ in the normal range (NIQ) consisted of 22 children with narcolepsy (NIQ-N, 55% boys, median age 12.1 years, 59% with obesity, 64% under treatment) and 21 controls (NIQ-C, 68% boys, median age 10 years). NIQ-N presented the same intellectual profile as NIQ-C but reported more school difficulties. In children with HIQ, those with narcolepsy appear to have a different cognitive profile than controls. NIQ seems to predict a greater impact of narcolepsy on daily-life functioning.

Published
2022
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78. Pregnancy, Mental Well-Being and Lockdown: A Nationwide Online Survey in France

Author

Laurent Gaucher, Chloé Barasinski, Corinne Dupont, Chantal Razurel, Swann Pichon, Emma Leavy, Sylvie Viaux-Savelon, Marion Cortet, Nicolas Franck, Frédéric Haesebaert, Julie Haesebaert, Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HEdS-Ge / HES-SO), Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE - Inserm U1290 - UCBL1), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Réseau périnatal Aurore (Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL]), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (ISC-MJ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Barasinski, Chloé, and Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (CNC)

Subjects
obstetrics_gynaecology, Leadership and Management, Health Policy, pandemic, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, quarantine, Health Informatics, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, pregnant women, mental health, survey, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Health Information Management, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare the mental well-being of French women who were and were not pregnant during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. We performed a nationwide online quantitative survey including all women between 18 and 45 years of age during the second and third weeks of global lockdown (March 25–April 07, 2020). The main outcome measures was the mental well-being measured by the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS). This study analysed 275 responses from pregnant women and compared them with those from a propensity score–matched sample of 825 non-pregnant women. The median WEMWBS score was 49.0 and did not differ by pregnancy status. Women living in urban areas reported better well-being, while those with sleep disorders or who spent more than an hour a day watching the news reported poorer well-being. During the first lockdown in France, women had relatively low mental well-being scores, with no significant difference between pregnant and non-pregnant women. More than ever, health-care workers need to find a way to maintain their support for women’s well-being. Minor daily annoyances of pregnancy, such as insomnia, should not be trivialised because they are a potential sign of poor well-being.

Published
2022
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79. Lived Experiences of Suicide Bereavement within Families: A Qualitative Study

Author

Clémence Creuzé, Laurène Lestienne, Maxime Vieux, Benoit Chalancon, Emmanuel Poulet, Edouard Leaune, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Interactions, Corpus, Apprentissages, Représentations (ICAR), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Psychiatric Disorders, Neuroscience Research and Clinical Research (PSYR2), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Middle Aged, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, suicide, bereavement, family, lived experiences, qualitative, Suicide, Humans, Female, Family, Grief, Child, Qualitative Research, Bereavement
Abstract

Backround: The lifetime prevalence of suicide exposure in the family is estimated at 3.8% in the general population. Familial bonds can constitute a crucial factor in determining individual bereavement outcomes via the interactional and communicational aspects of the bereavement process within the family. However, the literature on the lived experiences of suicide bereavement within the family remains scarce. Method: Our objectives were to qualitatively (a) assess the impact of suicide on different types of family members, (b) evaluate the interactions between the familial and individual bereavement processes, and (c) obtain precise insights into the familial interactions that occur following a suicide. We performed a qualitative study by conducting semidirected interviews with family members who had been bereaved by suicide. Computer-based and manual thematic analyses were used for data analysis. In order to mitigate biases related to the qualitative design of the data collection, two main measures were undertaken, namely triangulation and saturation. Results: Sixteen family members bereaved by suicide participated in our study, including a majority of women (n = 12). Mean age of participants was 56.4 and mean duration of suicide bereavement was 10.5 years. Most of the relatives deceased by suicide were middle-aged men who died by hanging or firearm. A total of six themes emerged from the analyses, namely (1) “familial trauma”, (2) “external adversity”, (3) “individual bereavement and familial interactions”, (4) “communicational and relational processes within the family”, (5) “perceived help and support within the family” and (6) “evolution over time”. Conclusion: We reported that suicide bereavement significantly impacts internal familial interactions via complex emotional and communication processes. Family conflicts, taboos or cohesion can occur in the aftermath of a suicide. We also found that familial coping strategies can shape individual reactions to the death on the part of each member of the family.

Published
2022
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80. Twice daily low frequency rTMS for treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations

Author

Jérôme Brunelin, Filipe Galvao, Marine Mondino, Psychiatric Disorders, Neuroscience Research and Clinical Research (PSYR2), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], and Brunelin, Jérôme

Subjects
Clinical Psychology, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, rTMS, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Schizophrenia, Hallucination, Clozapine
Abstract

International audience; Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as a therapeutic solution in patients with treatment-resistant auditory verbal hallucinations. However, the optimal stimulation parameters remain unclear, especially for patients with clozapine-resistant symptoms. Method: In an open label retrospective study, we investigated whether parameters of stimulation that were useful in patients with major depressive disorder would help schizophrenia patients with treatment-resistant auditory verbal hallucinations. Fourteen participants, including 9 under clozapine, received 30 sessions of 1 Hz rTMS over 3 weeks (360 pulses per sessions delivered with 60 s 'on' and 30 s 'off' at 110% of the resting motor threshold, 2 sessions per day). Stimulations were applied over the left temporoparietal junction (T3-P3 according to 10/20 system). Results: After rTMS, a significant decrease of auditory verbal hallucinations was observed (À38.7% § 31.8, p = 0.003) on the Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale. The beneficial effects were also significant in the 9 patients who were also receiving clozapine (À34.9% § 28.4, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Low frequency rTMS, 30 sessions over 3 weeks, appears to be a suitable approach to decrease treatment-resistant auditory verbal hallucinations, including in patients with clozapine-resistant symptoms. Results from the current retrospective study in the clinical settings need to be confirmed by large-scale randomized sham-controlled trials.

Published
2022
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81. Efficacy, safety and patient reported outcomes in patients with active relapsing multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab: Final results from the PRO-MSACTIVE study

Author

Eric Manchon, David Laplaud, Sandra Vukusic, Pierre Labauge, Thibault Moreau, Gisela Kobelt, Jean-Marie Grouin, Marie Lotz, David Pau, Lebrun Frenay Christine, Centre Hospitalier de Gonesse, Team 5 : Neuroinflammation, mechanisms, therapeutic options (NEMO) (U1064 Inserm - CR2TI), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie - Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology (U1064 Inserm - CR2TI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Service de Neurologie [CHU Nantes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Hôpital Nord Laënnec, Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Nantes (CIC Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Fondation Eugène Devic EDMUS, Département de neurologie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier]-Université de Montpellier (UM), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), European Health Economics [Stockholm, Sweden] (EHE), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Roche France, Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), CRCSEP Nice Hopital Pasteur, Unité de Recherche Clinique de la Côte d’Azur [Nice] (URRIS UR2CA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and KERANDEL-DION, Céline

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Neurology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Relapsing multiple sclerosis, Neurology (clinical), General Medicine, Ocrelizumab, Phase IV
Abstract

International audience; Background: Ocrelizumab, a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has been approved in Europe for the treatment of adult patients with active relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), on the basis of previous phase III studies. However, limited data were available on ocrelizumab efficacy in RMS according to the Lublin definition of activity (clinical and/or imaging features) used in the current drug label. The PRO-MSACTIVE study was thus designed to provide additional data on ocrelizumab efficacy according to this definition, and also on safety and patient reported outcomes (PROs).Methods: PRO-MSACTIVE is a national, multicenter, open-label, single-arm phase IV French study, conducted in patients with active RMS (relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, RRMS, or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, SPMS). The primary endpoint, which was assessed at week (W) 48, was defined as the proportion of patients free of disease activity (defined by no relapses and no T1 gadolinium-enhancing nor new and/or enlarging T2 lesions using brain MRI). Disease activity, disability and PROs using 6 questionnaires for disease severity, quality of life, impact on work productivity, and treatment satisfaction were described at W24 and W48. Adverse events were described until W72.Results: Among the 422 analyzed patients (RRMS: 376, SPMS: 46), 63.3% (95% CI [58.5%; 67.9%]) were free of disease activity at W48 (RRMS: 62.2% [57.1%; 67.2%], SPMS: 71.7% [56.5%; 84.0%]). A total of 358 patients (84.8%; RRMS: 84.6%, SPMS: 87.0%) were relapse-free up to W48, and the overall adjusted annualized relapse rate was 0.14 (RRMS: 0.15, SPMS: 0.09). Overall, 67.8% of patients (RRMS: 66.8%, SPMS: 76.1%) had no evidence of MRI activity (no T1 gadolinium-enhancing lesions [83.4%] and no new/enlarging T2 lesions [75.1%]); 58.5% of patients (RRMS: 57.7%, SPMS: 65.2%) achieved No Evidence of Disease Activity (NEDA: no relapses, no confirmed disability progression, and no MRI activity) at W48. All PRO scores were stable between the first dose of ocrelizumab and W48 and better outcomes were seen for patients having an EDSS score ≥4. Overall, 89.3% of patients reported adverse events, 62.3% adverse events assessed as related to ocrelizumab, and 8.5% serious adverse events. No serious infusion-related reactions, opportunistic infections, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, nor deaths were reported. No new safety signal was identified.Conclusion: These data confirm the efficacy of ocrelizumab in a pragmatic setting and its favorable benefit-risk profile in patients with RMS. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03589105; EudraCT identifier: 2018-000780-91).

Published
2022
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82. PET metabolic imaging of time-dependent reorganization of olfactory cued fear memory networks in rats

Author

Anne-Marie Mouly, Philippe Litaudon, Nadine Ravel, Nicolas Costes, Caroline Bouillot, Luc Zimmer, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal Et Pluridisciplinaire en imagerie du vivant (CERMEP - imagerie du vivant), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), RAVEL, Nadine, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MOULY, Anne-Marie, and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Cognitive Neuroscience, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hippocampus, Sensory system, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Piriform cortex, Odor, Animals, Fear conditioning, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Prefrontal cortex, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Memory Consolidation, Cued speech, 0303 health sciences, Recall, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Fear, Cued Fear conditioning, Recent memory, Odor fear conditioning, Rats, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [18F]FDG micro PET, Positron-Emission Tomography, Mental Recall, Memory consolidation, System-level consolidation, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Remote memory, Cues, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Memory consolidation involves reorganization at both the synaptic and system levels. The latter involves gradual reorganization of the brain regions that support memory and has been mostly highlighted using hippocampal-dependent tasks. The standard memory consolidation model posits that the hippocampus becomes gradually less important over time in favor of neocortical regions. In contrast, this reorganization of circuits in amygdala-dependent tasks has been less investigated. Moreover, this question has been addressed using primarily lesion or cellular imaging approaches thus precluding the comparison of recent and remote memory networks in the same animals. To overcome this limitation, we used microPET imaging to characterize, in the same animals, the networks activated during the recall of a recent versus remote memory in an olfactory cued fear conditioning paradigm. The data highlighted the drastic difference between the extents of the two networks. Indeed, although the recall of a recent odor fear memory activates a large network of structures spanning from the prefrontal cortex to the cerebellum, significant activations during remote memory retrieval are limited to the piriform cortex. These results strongly support the view that amygdala-dependent memories also undergo system-level reorganization, and that sensory cortical areas might participate in the long-term storage of emotional memories.

Published
2022
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83. Respiratory dysfunction in two rodent models of chronic epilepsy and acute seizures and its link with the brainstem serotonin system

Author

Hayet Kouchi, Michaël Ogier, Gabriel Dieuset, Anne Morales, Béatrice Georges, Jean-Louis Rouanet, Benoît Martin, Philippe Ryvlin, Sylvain Rheims, Laurent Bezin, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Équipe 4 - Écophysiologie, Comportement, Conservation (E2C), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), and Jonchère, Laurent

Subjects
[SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Serotonin, Multidisciplinary, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Rodentia, Respiration Disorders, Epilepsy, Reflex, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, Mice, Inbred DBA, Seizures, Animals, Humans, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Brain Stem
Abstract

Patients with drug-resistant epilepsy can experience respiratory alterations, notably during seizures. The mechanisms underlying long-term alterations in respiratory function remain unclear. As the brainstem 5-HT system is a prominent modulator of respiratory function, this study aimed at determining whether epilepsy is associated with alterations in both the respiratory function and brainstem serotonin (5-HT) system in rats. Epilepsy was triggered by pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in rats. Our results showed that 30–50% of epileptic (EPI) rats exhibited a sharp decrease in oxygen consumption (SDOC), low metabolic rate of oxygen, and slow regular ventilation (EPI/SDOC + rats). These alterations were detected only in rats with chronic epilepsy, independent of behavioral seizures, were persistent over time, and not associated with death. In these rats, 5-HT fiber density in the nucleus tractus solitarius was lower than that in the control and EPI/SDOC− rats. Both EPI/SDOC + rats and DBA/2 mice that present with audiogenic-induced seizure followed by fatal respiratory arrest—a model of sudden and expected death in epilepsy—had increased transcript levels of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 and 5-HT presynaptic transporter. Thus, our data support that 5-HT alterations are associated with chronic and acute epilepsy-related respiratory dysfunction.

Published
2022
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84. E-c@ge : instrumentation for remote measurement and management of laboratory animal welfare

Author

Messaoudi, Belkacem, Favre, Bruno, Marguet, Christine, Ligot, Dominique, Hugueney, Hervé, Litaudon, Philippe, Ravel, Nadine, Gervasoni, Damien, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de Technologie Lumière - Lyon 2 (IUT Lumière), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), and Gervasoni, Damien

Subjects
[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.ETH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ethics, [SDV.ETH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ethics
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

85. Is Migraine Associated to Brain Anatomical Alterations? New Data and Coordinate-Based Meta-analysis

Author

Rémy Masson, David Meunier, Salem Hannoun, Aurélie Bidet-Caulet, Geneviève Demarquay, Yohana Lévêque, Anne Caclin, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center (AUB), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), ANR-11-LABX-0042,CORTEX,Construction, Fonction Cognitive et Réhabilitation du Cerveau(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0060,CeLyA,Lyon Acoustics Centre(2010), ANR-16-IDEX-0005,IDEXLYON,IDEXLYON(2016), Otten, Lisa, Construction, Fonction Cognitive et Réhabilitation du Cerveau - - CORTEX2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0042 - LABX - VALID, Lyon Acoustics Centre - - CeLyA2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0060 - LABX - VALID, and IDEXLYON - - IDEXLYON2016 - ANR-16-IDEX-0005 - IDEX - VALID

Subjects
Aura, tractbased spatial statistics, coordinate-based meta-analysis, Migraine Disorders, computer.software_genre, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroimaging, Voxel, medicine, voxel-based morphometry, Humans, migraine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Gray Matter, Gyrification, Left superior longitudinal fasciculus, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Brain, Voxel-based morphometry, Anatomy, Sulcus, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, White Matter, surface-based morphometry, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Migraine, Meta-analysis, Neurology (clinical), business, computer, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diffusion MRI
Abstract

A growing number of studies investigate brain anatomy in migraine using voxel-(VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM), as well as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The purpose of this article is to identify consistent patterns of anatomical alterations associated with migraine. First, 19 migraineurs without aura and 19 healthy participants were included in a brain imaging study. T1-weighted MRIs and DTI sequences were acquired and analyzed using VBM, SBM and tract-based spatial statistics. No significant alterations of gray matter (GM) volume, cortical thickness, cortical gyrification, sulcus depth and white-matter tract integrity could be observed. However, migraineurs displayed decreased white matter (WM) volume in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus. Second, a systematic review of the literature employing VBM, SBM and DTI was conducted to investigate brain anatomy in migraine. Meta-analysis was performed using Seed-based d Mapping via permutation of subject images (SDM-PSI) on GM volume, WM volume and cortical thickness data. Alterations of GM volume, WM volume, cortical thickness or white-matter tract integrity were reported in 72%, 50%, 56% and 33% of published studies respectively. Spatial distribution and direction of the disclosed effects were highly inconsistent across studies. The SDM-PSI analysis revealed neither significant decrease nor significant increase of GM volume, WM volume or cortical thickness in migraine. Overall there is to this day no strong evidence of specific brain anatomical alterations reliably associated to migraine. Possible explanations of this conflicting literature are discussed.Trial registration numberNCT02791997, registrated February 6th, 2015.

Published
2021
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86. Intermittent theta burst stimulation for negative symptoms of schizophrenia—A double-blind, sham-controlled pilot study

Author

Emmanuel Poulet, Marine Mondino, Rémy Bation, Charline Magnin, Jerome Brunelin, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Psychiatric Disorders, Neuroscience Research and Clinical Research (PSYR2), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], and MONDINO, Marine

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, RC435-571, Stimulation, Audiology, Neural circuits, Article, Midbrain, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroimaging, Dopamine, medicine, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Psychiatry, business.industry, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Psychiatry and Mental health, Schizophrenia, Brain stimulation, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract

Optimal noninvasive brain stimulation parameters for the treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the clinical and biological effects of intermittent theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (iTBS) in patients with treatment-resistant negative symptoms of schizophrenia (NCT00875498). In a randomized sham-controlled 2-arm study, 22 patients with schizophrenia and treatment-resistant negative symptoms received 20 sessions of either active (n = 12) or sham (n = 10) iTBS. Sessions were delivered twice a day on 10 consecutive working days. Negative symptom severity was assessed 5 times using the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS): before iTBS, after iTBS, and 1, 3, and 6 months after iTBS. As a secondary objective, we explored the acute effects of iTBS on functional connectivity of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) using seed-based resting-state functional connectivity MRI (rsFC fMRI) images acquired before and after iTBS. Active iTBS over the left DLPFC significantly decreased negative symptoms severity compared to sham iTBS (F(3,60) = 3.321, p = 0.026). Post hoc analyses revealed that the difference between groups was significant 6 months after the end of stimulation sessions. Neuroimaging revealed an increase in rsFC between the left DLPFC and a brain region encompassing the right lateral occipital cortex and right angular gyrus and a right midbrain region that may encompass dopamine neuron cell bodies. Thus, iTBS over the left DLPFC can alleviate negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The effect might be driven by significant modulation of dopamine transmission.

Published
2021
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87. Stroke patients’ support: evaluation of knowledge, practices and training needs of French community pharmacists

Author

Marie Viprey, Claude Dussart, Sophie Khettar, Audrey Janoly-Dumenil, Jacques Luauté, Gilles Rode, Laura Mechtouff, Julie Haesebaert, Sophie Jacquin-Courtois, Laurent Derex, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Parcours santé systémique (P2S), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE - Inserm U1290 - UCBL1), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Health Service and Performance Research (HESPER), Hôpital Henry Gabrielle [CHU - HCL], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], CarMeN, laboratoire, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, medicine.medical_specialty, Cross-sectional study, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], education, Pharmaceutical Science, Pharmacy, Community Pharmacy Services, Pharmacists, Toxicology, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 03 medical and health sciences, Professional Role, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Pharmacist knowledge, 030212 general & internal medicine, Survey, Stroke, Pharmacies, Patient counseling, Pharmacology, Modalities, business.industry, Public health, medicine.disease, Community pharmacist, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Long-term care, Cross-Sectional Studies, Pharmaceutical care, Family medicine, business, Patient education
Abstract

International audience; Background Stroke represents a major Public Health issue in industrialized countries because of its frequency and severity. In secondary stroke prevention, treatment efficacy is correlated to medication adherence. However, it remains suboptimal in stroke patients. Community pharmacists, in light of their positioning in the care pathway and proximity to patients, can play an essential role in patient support and improving treatment adherence. However, it is currently unknown whether pharmacists are ready to perform this task. Objective Evaluate knowledge, practices and training needs for community pharmacists in therapeutic stroke management to improve long term care for stroke patients. Setting Community pharmacies in the Rhone Alpes region (France). Method We conducted a cross sectional study via a standardized self-assessment questionnaire consisting of 40 questions divided into three parts. The latter was designed by a multidisciplinary team and distributed electronically to community pharmacists of the Rhône-Alpes region (France). Main outcome measure (a) global knowledge score on the pathology, risk factors and clinical care management, (b) description of the support practices for stroke patients, (c) training needs for pharmacists. Results The 104 participants presented a moderate level of knowledge (global score: 12/20 ± 3). Topics best mastered were: pathophysiology, target blood pressure and place of antiplatelets in the therapeutic strategy. Knowledge items that needed improvement were: warning signs correctly identified by 44% of participants, time delay for thrombolysis for which 14% answered correctly, target glycated hemoglobin levels were correct for 41%, and the 3 recommended antihypertensive drug classes were only identified by 5% of participants. Patient education received from pharmacists concerned dosage (89%), treatment adherence (88%), benefits (66%) and administration modalities of medicines (64%), management of risk factors (75% for diet, 73% for physical activity, 70% for smoking and 53% for alcohol). All pharmacists wanted additional training on risk factors and clinical management guidelines. Conclusion Based on this small study, the fragmented knowledge and varied practices promote the need for further training for pharmacists to optimize support of stroke patients. This study promotes the elaboration of training systems adapted to pharmacists' needs. This will help support the development of a targeted pharmaceutical care approach for stroke patients.

Published
2021
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88. Behavioral-state development and sleep-state differentiation during early ontogenesis

Author

Danièle Hasaerts, Emilie Bourel-Ponchel, Marie-Dominique Lamblin, Marie-Josèphe Challamel, Pediatrics, CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Groupe de Recherche sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction Cérébrale - UMR INSERM_S 1105 (GRAMFC), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel = University Hospital of Brussels (UZ Brussel), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille], and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)

Subjects
Full-term newborn, Polysomnography, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], media_common.quotation_subject, Sleep ontogenesis, Brain maturation, Electroencephalography, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, EEG, Wakefulness, Pathological, media_common, medicine.diagnostic_test, Premature infants, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Infant, Newborn, Eye movement, Gestational age, General Medicine, Neurophysiology, medicine.disease, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Electrooculography, Biological Ontologies, Neurology, Premature birth, Female, Neurology (clinical), Sleep cycle, Sleep, business, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Vigilance (psychology)
Abstract

International audience; Sleep is a key process in neurodevelopment and essential for the maturation of fundamental brain functions. Premature birth can disturb the initial steps of sleep maturation, which may contribute to the impairment of neurodevelopment. It is thus fundamental to understand the maturation of the various sleep states and the quality of cerebral function in each vigilance state, as well as the development of sleep cyclicity, in at-risk neonatal infants, particularly those born premature. The objective of this review is to provide a precise description of sleep states and cycles and their rhythmic organization in premature and term newborns according to their gestational age. Technical aspects of polysomnography, which requires a high level of expertise in neonates, are also described. Principles of the visual interpretation of polysomnography, including the simultaneous analysis of behavioral (spontaneous motricity and eye movements), polysomnographic parameters (electro-oculogram, electrocardiogram, respiration), and electroencephalography patterns are presented. The neurophysiology of sleep ontogenesis and its interaction with brain maturation are discussed, highlighting the crucial-role of sleep states and their duration in premature newborns. In particular, the involvement of myoclonic twitches in functional connectivity in sensorimotor development is discussed. Indeed, sleep quality, determined by combined polysomnographic parameters, reflects either normal or pathological developmental processes during the neonatal period. The fundamental place of neurophysiological explorations in the early detection of sleep disorders is discussed, as well as their potential consequences on neurodevelopmental care to improve the prevention of neurodevelopmental impairment. (C) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Published
2021
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89. MRI characteristics of MOG-Ab associated disease in adults: An update

Author

F. Durand-Dubief, Mikael Cohen, François Cotton, Elisabeth Maillart, Natalia Shor, Romain Marignier, Bertrand Bourre, Xavier Ayrignac, A Cobo Calvo, David-Axel Laplaud, C. Papeix, Kumaran Deiva, Jonathan Ciron, Nicolas Collongues, Bertrand Audoin, Hélène Zéphir, Romain Deschamps, Sandra Vukusic, Aurélie Ruet, Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital de la Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de Référence des Maladies Inflammatoires Rares du Cerveau et de la Moelle (MIRCEM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), i-SEP (i-SEP), Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), RMN et optique : De la mesure au biomarqueur, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neurocentre Magendie : Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (U1215 Inserm - UB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut François Magendie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Département de neurologie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [CHU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (NJMS), Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Infectious Diseases Models for Innovative Therapies (IDMIT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), CHU Strasbourg, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, the NOMADMUS study group, and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier]-Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
Adult, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Myelitis, Optic neuritis, Disease, Imaging, Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein, 030212 general & internal medicine, Autoantibodies, Aquaporin 4, Neuromyelitis optica, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Neuromyelitis Optica, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neurology, biology.protein, Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein, Neurology (clinical), Differential diagnosis, business, Aquaporin-4, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Our knowledge of the radiological spectrum of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease (MOGAD) is growing rapidly. An update on the radiological features of the disease, and its evolution is thus necessary. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has an increasingly important role in the differential diagnosis of MOGAD particularly from aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Differentiating these conditions is of prime importance because the management is different between the three inflammatory diseases, and thus could prevent further attack-related disability. Therefore, identifying the MRI features suggestive of MOGAD has diagnostic and prognostic implications. We herein review optic nerve, spinal cord and the brain MRI findings from MOGAD adult patients, and compare them to AQP4-NMOSD and MS.

Published
2021
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90. Dietary Fibers and Proteins Modulate Behavior via the Activation of Intestinal Gluconeogenesis

Author

Bruno P. Guiard, Gaël Malleret, Flore Sinet, Marine Silva, Juliane Zemdegs, Maud Soty, Amandine Gautier-Stein, Judith Estrada, Gilles Mithieux, Di Carlo, Marie-Ange, Nutrition, diabète et cerveau (NUDICE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale - UMR5169 (CRCA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nutrition, diabète et cerveau, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Dietary Fiber, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Anxiety, Hippocampal formation, Energy homeostasis, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Corticotropin-releasing hormone, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Glucocorticoid receptor, Internal medicine, Intestine, Small, Extracellular, medicine, Animals, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Behavior, Animal, Depression, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Chemistry, Neurogenesis, Gluconeogenesis, Disease Models, Animal, Hypothalamus, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Dietary Proteins, Serotonin, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Introduction: Several studies have suggested that diet, especially the one enriched in microbiota-fermented fibers or fat, regulates behavior. The underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. We previously reported that certain macronutrients (fermentable fiber and protein) regulate energy homeostasis via the activation of intestinal gluconeogenesis (IGN), which generates a neural signal to the brain. We hypothesized that these nutriments might control behavior using the same gut-brain circuit. Methods: Wild-type and IGN-deficient mice were fed chow or diets enriched in protein or fiber. Changes in their behavior were assessed using suited tests. Hippocampal neurogenesis, extracellular levels of serotonin, and protein expression levels were assessed by immunofluorescence, in vivo dialysis, and Western blotting, respectively. IGN was rescued by infusing glucose into the portal vein of IGN-deficient mice. Results: We show here that both fiber- and protein-enriched diets exert beneficial actions on anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors. These benefits do not occur in mice lacking IGN. Consistently, IGN-deficient mice display hallmarks of depressive-like disorders, including decreased hippocampal neurogenesis, basal hyperactivity, and deregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which are associated with increased expression of the precursor of corticotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus and decreased expression of the glucocorticoid receptor in the hippocampus. These neurobiological alterations are corrected by portal glucose infusion mimicking IGN. Conclusion: IGN translates nutritional information, allowing the brain to finely coordinate energy metabolism and behavior.

Published
2021
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91. Odor hedonics coding in the vertebrate olfactory bulb

Author

Florence Kermen, Laura Chalençon, Nathalie Mandairon, Mandairon, Nathalie, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Olfactory perception, Histology, Mouse, Review, Olfaction, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Olfactory bulb, 0302 clinical medicine, Innate and learned valence, biology.animal, Animals, Zebrafish, 030304 developmental biology, Behavior, 0303 health sciences, biology, musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Vertebrate, Cell Biology, Odor, Odorants, Vertebrates, Hedonic value, Rat, Odor preference, Neuroscience, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Human
Abstract

Whether an odorant is perceived as pleasant or unpleasant (hedonic value) governs a range of crucial behaviors: foraging, escaping danger, and social interaction. Despite its importance in olfactory perception, little is known regarding how odor hedonics is represented and encoded in the brain. Here, we review recent findings describing how odorant hedonic value is represented in the first olfaction processing center, the olfactory bulb. We discuss how olfactory bulb circuits might contribute to the coding of innate and learned odorant hedonics in addition to the odorant’s physicochemical properties.

Published
2021
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92. Towards in vivo imaging of functionally active 5-HT1A receptors in schizophrenia: concepts and challenges

Author

Adrian Newman-Tancredi, Luc Zimmer, Oriane Razakarivony, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Neurolixis, Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal Et Pluridisciplinaire en imagerie du vivant (CERMEP - imagerie du vivant), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Rayet, Béatrice, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
Agonist, medicine.drug_class, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroimaging, medicine, Radioligand, Receptor, Antipsychotic, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, business.industry, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Schizophrenia, Serotonin, business, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Preclinical imaging, Biomarkers
Abstract

The serotonin 5-HT1A receptor has attracted wide attention as a target for treatment of psychiatric disorders. Although this receptor is important in the pharmacological mechanisms of action of new-generation antipsychotics, its characterization remains incomplete. Studies based on in vitro molecular imaging on brain tissue by autoradiography, and more recently in vivo PET imaging, have not yielded clear results, in particular due to the limitations of current 5-HT1A radiotracers, which lack specificity and/or bind to all 5-HT1A receptors, regardless of their functional status. The new concept of PET neuroimaging of functionally active G-protein-coupled receptors makes it possible to revisit PET brain exploration by enabling new research paradigms. For the 5-HT1A receptor it is now possible to use [18F]-F13640, a 5-HT1A receptor radioligand with high efficacy agonist properties, to specifically visualize and quantify functionally active receptors, and to relate this information to subjects’ pathophysiological or pharmacological state. We therefore propose imaging protocols to follow changes in the pattern of functional 5-HT1A receptors in relation to mood deficits or cognitive processes. This could allow improved discrimination of different schizophrenia phenotypes and greater understanding of the basis of therapeutic responses to antipsychotic drugs. Finally, as well as targeting functionally active receptors to gain insights into the role of 5-HT1A receptors, the concept can also be extended to the study of other receptors involved in the pathophysiology or therapy of psychiatric disorders.

Published
2021
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93. The puzzle of quality of life in schizophrenia: putting the pieces together with the FACE-SZ cohort

Author

Eric Brunet-Gouet, Romain Rey, Christine Passerieux, Mathieu Urbach, Roxana-Mihaela Honciuc, Anne-Lise Bohec, Delphine Capdevielle, Sylvain Leigner, Myrtille André, Caroline Dubertret, Guillaume Fond, David Misdrahi, H. Laouamri, Bruno Aouizerate, Isabelle Chereau, Baptiste Pignon, Julien Dubreucq, Paul Roux, Julie Clauss, Fabrice Berna, Franck Schürhoff, Jasmina Mallet, Mickael Ehrminger, Christophe Lançon, Laboratoire de recherches cliniques et en santé publique sur les handicaps psychique, cognitif et moteur (HANDIReSP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), CHU Grenoble, Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
mediation analyses, Mediation (statistics), structural equation modeling, Structural equation modeling, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, medicine, Humans, Applied Psychology, Cognitive reserve, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Mechanism (biology), medicine.disease, humanities, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, quality of life, Schizophrenia, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Cohort, Schizophrenic Psychology, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract

BackgroundThe determinants of quality of life (QoL) in schizophrenia are largely debated, mainly due to methodological discrepancies and divergence about the concepts concerned. As most studies have investigated bi- or tri-variate models, a multivariate model accounting for simultaneous potential mediations is necessary to have a comprehensive view of the determinants of QOL. We sought to estimate the associations between cognitive reserve, cognition, functioning, insight, depression, schizophrenic symptoms, and QoL in schizophrenia and their potential mediation relationships.MethodsWe used structural equation modeling with mediation analyses to test a model based on existing literature in a sample of 776 patients with schizophrenia from the FondaMental Foundation FACE-SZ cohort.ResultsOur model showed a good fit to the data. We found better functioning to be positively associated with a better QoL, whereas better cognition, better insight, higher levels of depression, and schizophrenic symptoms were associated with a lower QoL in our sample. Cognitive reserve is not directly linked to QoL, but indirectly in a negative manner via cognition. We confirm the negative relationship between cognition and subjective QoL which was previously evidenced by other studies; moreover, this relationship seems to be robust as it survived in our multivariate model. It was not explained by insight as some suggested, thus the mechanism at stake remains to be explained.ConclusionThe pathways to subjective QoL in schizophrenia are complex and the determinants largely influence each other. Longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these cross-sectional findings.

Published
2020
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94. Pulmonary aspergillosis in critically ill patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Author

F. Wallet, Laurent Argaud, Florence Persat, Jean Turc, Jean Menotti, Jean-Christophe Richard, Charline Miossec, Martine Wallon, Damien Dupont, S. Paulus, Florence Ader, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie de l'immunodépression associée aux réponses inflammatoires systémiques / Pathophysiology of Injury-induced Immunosuppression (PI3), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Physiopathologie de l'immunodépression associée aux réponses inflammatoires systémiques - EA 7426 (PI3), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CarMeN, laboratoire, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Critical Illness, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Aspergillosis, intensive care unit, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Internal medicine, pulmonary aspergillosis, Pandemic, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis, 0303 health sciences, Aspergillus, biology, SARS-CoV-2, 030306 microbiology, Critically ill, business.industry, Brief Report, COVID-19, General Medicine, Middle Aged, acute respiratory distress syndrome, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Intensive care unit, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Intensive Care Units, Pulmonary aspergillosis, Infectious Diseases, AcademicSubjects/SCI00960, Female, AcademicSubjects/MED00010, business, COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA)
Abstract

Occurrence of putative invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was screened in 153 consecutive adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients with respiratory samples addressed for mycological diagnosis during a 6-week period at the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was observed for 106 patients (69.3%). Nineteen of them (17.9%) with positive Aspergillus results were considered as having putative invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. These observations underline the risk of pulmonary aspergillosis in COVID-19 patients, even in patients not previously known to be immunosuppressed, advocating active search for Aspergillus infection and prompt antifungal treatment. Standardized surveillance protocols and updated definitions for ICU putative invasive pulmonary aspergillosis are needed. Lay Abstract Adult ICU patients with respiratory samples addressed for mycological diagnosis were screened during the emergence of COVID-19 pandemic. Positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR was observed for 106 patients, nineteen of them (17.9%) having aspergillosis. This underlines the risk of aspergillosis in COVID-19 patients.

Published
2020
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95. Mere end lugtesans - COVID-19 er associeret med svær påvirkning af lugtesansen, smagssansen og mundfølelsen

Author

Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D’Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S, Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S Craig, Yanık, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Nováková, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T, Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K, Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Razzaghi-Asl, Sara, Justice, Jeb M, Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Indústries Alimentàries, Qualitat i Tecnologia Alimentària, Tecnologia Alimentària, Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Mersin University, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), AbScent, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Edinburgh, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro = University of Catanzaro (UMG), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Groupement scientifique de Biologie et de Medecine Spatiale (GSBMS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), San Diego State University (SDSU), Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Turku, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Monell Chemical Senses Center, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Medical Science University, Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), DreamAir Llc, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Oregon State University (OSU), Ear Institute, UCL, Lyon Neuroscience Research center, Karunya University, Biruni University, Assi Sette Llaghi Varese, Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA), Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Institute for Biology - Neurobiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Howard University College of Medicine, Towson University, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Proteomics, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Stockholm University, University of Gastronomic Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, University of Tennessee, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Guangzhou Medical University, Buenos Aires University and GEOG (Grupo de Estudio de Olfato y Gusto), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), Federal University of Technology of Akure (FUTA), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, University of Pennsylvania, University of Dayton, CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], University of Stirling, Middle East Technical University [Ankara] (METU), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano [Buenos Aires, Argentina], Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences [Tehran] (IPM), Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Terrazas del Club Hipico, University Medical Centre Ljubljana [Ljubljana, Slovenia] (UMCL), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research [Bangalore], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Center for Smell and Taste, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University., Julien, Sabine, Tıp Fakültesi, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Department of Food and Nutrition, Senses and Food, Research Center Jülich, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro [Catanzaro, Italie] (UMG), University of Extremadura, University of Padova, Yale University School of Medicine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, University of Helsinki, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], University of California San Diego Health, University of Brussels, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, University of São Paulo (USP), UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, FSE Campus Venlo, and RS: FSE UCV

Subjects
Male, Taste, Physiology, Smagstab, Audiology, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia, Behavioral Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, RATINGS, Hyposmia, Surveys and Questionnaires, CHEMOSENSITIVITY, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Viral, PALADAR, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour, media_common, TASTE, US NATIONAL-HEALTH, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Middle Aged, Biological Sciences, 16. Peace & justice, Sensory Systems, 3. Good health, Smell, GCCR Group Author, ddc:540, Smell loss, Female, Original Article, medicine.symptom, Corrigendum, Coronavirus Infections, olfaction, Adult, somatosensation, medicine.medical_specialty, 663/664, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), OLFACTORY DISORDERS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), media_common.quotation_subject, Pneumonia, Viral, head and neck surgery, Aged, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Humans, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, Somatosensory Disorders, Young Adult, Anosmia, Sensory system, Olfaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Chemesthesis, Physiology (medical), Perception, medicine, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Behaviour Change and Well-being, business.industry, R-PACKAGE, 3112 Neurosciences, Pneumonia, Parosmia, COMPONENT, Smagssans, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Sensoriek en eetgedrag, chemistry, Lugtetab, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lugtesans
Abstract

Correction: Chemical Senses, Volume 46, 2021, bjab050, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjab050 Published: 08 December 2021 Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change +/- 100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 +/- 28.7, mean +/- standard deviation), taste (-69.0 +/- 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 +/- 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis.The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.

Published
2020
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96. Reactive saccade adaptation boosts orienting of visuospatial attention

Author

Nicolas, Judith, Bidet-Caulet, Aurélie, Pélisson, Denis, Bodescot, Myriam, Mouvements oculaires et Vision : couplage entre adaptation saccadique et perception visuo-spatiale - - EyeSee2015 - ANR-15-CE37-0014 - AAPG2015 - VALID, PROJET AVENIR LYON SAINT-ETIENNE - - Avenir L.S.E.2011 - ANR-11-IDEX-0007 - IDEX - VALID, Integrative Multisensory Perception, Action and Cognition (IMPACT), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Brain Dynamics and Cognition (DYCOG), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), JN received funding from ‘Fondation de France’ (2015 0060241), and DP from ‘Agence Nationale de la Recherche’ ANR (ANR-15-CE37-0014-01). This work was performed within the framework of the LABEX CORTEX (ANR-11-LABX-0042) of Université de Lyon, within the program ‘‘Investissements d’Avenir’’ (ANR-11-IDEX-0007) operated by the French ANR., ANR-15-CE37-0014,EyeSee,Mouvements oculaires et Vision : couplage entre adaptation saccadique et perception visuo-spatiale(2015), ANR-11-IDEX-0007,Avenir L.S.E.,PROJET AVENIR LYON SAINT-ETIENNE(2011), Integrative, Multisensory, Perception, Action and Cognition Team [Bron] (IMPACT), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team [Bron] (DYCOG)

Subjects
Adult, Male, SENSORIMOTOR ADAPTATION, SPATIAL ATTENTION, lcsh:Medicine, PRISM ADAPTATION, Article, MECHANISMS, ACTIVATION, PARIETAL CORTEX, VOLUNTARY, Orientation, Saccades, Reaction Time, Humans, Attention, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], lcsh:Science, Orientation, Spatial, Science & Technology, LESIONS, lcsh:R, HUMAN BRAIN, Adaptation, Physiological, Healthy Volunteers, Multidisciplinary Sciences, NEGLECT, Visual Perception, Science & Technology - Other Topics, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, lcsh:Q, Cues, Photic Stimulation
Abstract

Attention and saccadic eye movements are critical components of visual perception. Recent studies proposed the hypothesis of a tight coupling between saccadic adaptation (SA) and attention: SA increases the processing speed of unpredictable stimuli, while increased attentional load boosts SA. Moreover, their cortical substrates partially overlap. Here, we investigated for the first time whether this coupling in the reactive/exogenous modality is specific to the orienting system of attention. We studied the effect of adaptation of reactive saccades (RS), elicited by the double-step paradigm, on exogenous orienting, measured using a Posner-like detection paradigm. In 18 healthy subjects, the attentional benefit-the difference in reaction time to targets preceded by informative versus uninformative cues-in a control exposure condition was subtracted from that of each adaptation exposure condition (backward and forward); then, this cue benefit difference was compared between the pre- and post-exposure phases. We found that, the attentional benefit significantly increased for cued-targets presented in the left hemifield after backward adaptation and for cued-targets presented in the right hemifield after forward adaptation. These findings provide strong evidence in humans for a coupling between RS adaptation and attention, possibly through the activation of a common neuronal pool. ispartof: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS vol:10 issue:1 ispartof: location:England status: published

Published
2020
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97. ERRα Expression in Bone Metastases Leads to an Exacerbated Antitumor Immune Response

Author

Soumaya El-Moghrabi, Martine Duterque-Coquillaud, Alexandra Lainé, Philippe Clézardin, Sandra Geraci, Cyril Boyault, Casina W.S. Kan, Emmanuelle Meugnier, Lamia Bouazza, Julien C. Marie, Yuji Yoshiko, Hector Hernandez-Vargas, Edith Bonnelye, Mathilde Proponnet-Guerault, Claire Benetollo, Mathilde Bouchet, Inflammasome NLRP3 – NLRP3 Inflammasome, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes (RMND), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiopathologie, diagnostic et traitements des maladies osseuses / Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Bone Diseases (LYOS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Institut de biologie de Lille - UMS 3702 (IBL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), ANR-10-LABX-0061,DEVWECAN,Development Cancer and Targeted Therapies(2010), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies - UMR 9020 - U 1277 (CANTHER), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, croissance et cancer (U 1069) (N2C), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Médecine cellulaire et moléculaire (MCM), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Bonnelye, Edith, Development Cancer and Targeted Therapies - - DEVWECAN2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0061 - LABX - VALID, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition [CarMeN], Institut de biologie de Lille - UMS 3702 [IBL], Médecine cellulaire et moléculaire [MCM], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale [INSERM], Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon [IGFL], Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) [IAB], Physiopathologie, diagnostic et traitements des maladies osseuses / Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Bone Diseases [LYOS], and Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies - UMR 9020 - U 1277 [CANTHER]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Chemokine, T-Lymphocytes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Apoptosis, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Tumor Microenvironment, Cytotoxic T cell, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mice, Inbred BALB C, biology, Prognosis, Primary tumor, 3. Good health, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Receptors, Estrogen, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, Signal Transduction, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Mice, Nude, Bone Neoplasms, Breast Neoplasms, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Transforming Growth Factor beta3, Breast cancer, Immune system, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Cell Proliferation, Chemokine CCL20, business.industry, medicine.disease, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, CCL20, 030104 developmental biology, Transforming growth factor, beta 3, biology.protein, Cancer research, Chemokine CCL17, business, Transforming growth factor
Abstract

Bone is the most common metastatic site for breast cancer. Although the estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) has been implicated in breast cancer cell dissemination to the bone from the primary tumor, its role after tumor cell anchorage in the bone microenvironment remains elusive. Here, we reveal that ERRα inhibits the progression of bone metastases of breast cancer cells by increasing the immune activity of the bone microenvironment. Overexpression of ERRα in breast cancer bone metastases induced expression of chemokines CCL17 and CCL20 and repressed production of TGFβ3. Subsequently, CD8+ T lymphocytes recruited to bone metastases escaped TGFβ signaling control and were endowed with exacerbated cytotoxic features, resulting in significant reduction in metastases. The clinical relevance of our findings in mice was confirmed in over 240 patients with breast cancer. Thus, this study reveals that ERRα regulates immune properties in the bone microenvironment that contributes to decreasing metastatic growth. Significance: This study places ERRα at the interplay between the immune response and bone metastases of breast cancer, highlighting a potential target for intervention in advanced disease.

Published
2020
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98. A non-human primate model of stroke reproducing endovascular thrombectomy and allowing long-term imaging and neurological read-outs

Author

F. Taborik, Karine Portier, Norbert Nighoghossian, Adrien Oudotte, Michaël Verset, Thomas Troalen, Omer Eker, Denis Vivien, Inés Mérida, Christelle Leon, Christian Tourvieille, Didier Le Bars, Emmanuelle Canet-Soulas, Michel Ovize, Hugues Contamin, Nicolas Costes, Nikolaos Makris, Véronique Agin, Joachim Confais, Tae-Hee Cho, Mohamed Aggour, Sophie Lancelot, Justine Debatisse, Jean-Baptiste Langlois, Océane Wateau, Marjorie Villien, Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche et d'Application en Traitement de l'Image et du Signal (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal Et Pluridisciplinaire en imagerie du vivant (CERMEP - imagerie du vivant), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cynbiose, CYNBIOSE, Institut Claude Bourgelat (ICLB), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Siemens Healthcare [France], Siemens AG [Munich], Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Radiopharmaceutical and Neurochemical Biomarkers Team (BioRaN), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Cardiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (site ENSCP) (LCMCP (site ENSCP)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), French Ministry of Higher Education and Research (ANRT), ANR-15-CE17-0020,CYCLOPS,CYCLOsporine A : effet neuroprotecteur dans un modèle Primate de Stroke en imagerie(2015), ANR-16-RHUS-0009,MARVELOUS,MARVELOUS(2016), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Executive Function, 0302 clinical medicine, Occlusion, Stroke, Thrombectomy, 0303 health sciences, Behavior, Animal, Endovascular Procedures, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Neurology, Blood-Brain Barrier, Motor Skills, Reperfusion Injury, Middle cerebral artery, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Ischemia, Context (language use), ischemia–reperfusion, Asymptomatic, Lesion, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.artery, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, cardiovascular diseases, Thrombus, Ischemic Stroke, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, Original Articles, medicine.disease, Disease Models, Animal, Macaca fascicularis, Endovascular non-human primate stroke model, PET-MRI imaging, Positron-Emission Tomography, neurofunctional tests, Neurology (clinical), Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Stroke is a devastating disease. Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy is dramatically changing the management of acute ischemic stroke, raising new challenges regarding brain outcome and opening up new avenues for brain protection. In this context, relevant experiment models are required for testing new therapies and addressing important questions about infarct progression despite successful recanalization, reversibility of ischemic lesions, blood-brain barrier disruption and reperfusion damage. Here, we developed a minimally invasive non-human primate model of cerebral ischemia (Macaca fascicularis) based on an endovascular transient occlusion and recanalization of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). We evaluated per-occlusion and post-recanalization impairment on PET-MRI, in addition to acute and chronic neuro-functional assessment. Voxel-based analyses between per-occlusion PET-MRI and day-7 MRI showed two different patterns of lesion evolution: "symptomatic salvaged tissue" (SST) and "asymptomatic infarcted tissue" (AIT). Extended SST was present in all cases. AIT, remote from the area at risk, represented 45% of the final lesion. This model also expresses both worsening of fine motor skills and dysexecutive behavior over the chronic post-stroke period, a result in agreement with cortical-subcortical lesions. We thus fully characterized an original translational model of ischemia-reperfusion damage after stroke, with consistent ischemia time, and thrombus retrieval for effective recanalization.

Published
2020
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99. Phantom smells: a prevalent COVID-19 symptom that progressively sets in

Author

Christophe Bousquet, Kamar Bouchoucha, Moustafa Bensafi, Camille Ferdenzi, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], and Ferdenzi, Camille

Subjects
Quality of life, Otorhinolaryngology, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Phantosmia, Olfactory disorders, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, COVID-19, General Medicine, Olfaction, Self-report
Abstract

International audience; Purpose: One of the long-term symptoms of COVID-19 is phantosmia, a type of Olfactory Disorder (OD) that has deleterious impacts on patients' quality of life. The aim of this article was to study how this poorly understood qualitative OD manifests itself in the COVID-19.Methods: 4691 patients with COVID-19 responded to our online questionnaire focusing on COVID-19-related OD. We first analyzed the prevalence of phantosmia in this population. Then, with the help of Natural Language Processing techniques, we investigated the qualitative descriptions of phantom smells by the 1723 respondents who reported phantosmia.Results: The prevalence of phantosmia was of 37%. Women were more likely to report phantosmia than men, as well as respondents for whom OD was described as fluctuating rather than permanent, lasted longer, was partial rather than total and appeared progressively rather than suddenly. The relationship between OD duration and phantosmia followed a logarithmic function, with a prevalence of phantosmia increasing strongly during the first 2 months of the disease before reaching a plateau and no decrease over the 15 months considered in this study. Qualitative analyses of phantosmia descriptions with a sentiment analysis revealed that the descriptions were negatively valenced for 78% of the respondents. Reference to "tobacco" was more frequent in non-smokers. Source names and odor characteristics were used differently according to age and OD duration.Conclusion: The results of this descriptive study of phantosmia contribute to the current efforts of the medical community to better understand and treat this rapidly increasing COVID-19-related OD.

Published
2022
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100. Prolactin immunoassay: does the high-dose hook effect still exist?

Author

Véronique Raverot, Pauline Perrin, Philippe Chanson, Emmanuel Jouanneau, Thierry Brue, Gérald Raverot, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale MultiSites [Bron] (LBMMS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est [Bron] (CBPE), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Bicêtre, Centre de référence des maladies rares de l'hypophyse (HYPO), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Maladies Métaboliques, Université Paris-Saclay, Groupement Hospitalier Lyon-Est (GHE), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Marseille Maladies Rares (MarMaRa), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Service d'endocrinologie, diabète, maladies métaboliques [Hôpital de la Conception - APHM], and Université de Lyon

Subjects
Adenoma, Immunoassay, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Endocrinology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Macroprolactinoma, Humans, Pituitary Neoplasms, Prolactinoma, Hook-effect, Prolactin
Abstract

International audience; Purpose: Measurement of prolactin in clinical laboratories is an important component in the management of patients with pituitary adenoma. Prolactin measurement is known to be sensitive to the high-dose hook effect, in the presence of extremely high prolactin concentrations. This interference is referred to in most recent articles discussing prolactin assays and the management of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas. The objective of our study was to evaluate if the high-dose hook effect remains relevant in current practice, when using currently available assays.Methods: Serum from a patient with a giant macroprolactinoma was assayed using all of the available prolactin assays in France in 2020, using native serum and after dilution. Technical inserts from assays were reviewed to assess the information on analytical principles, numbers of steps, and any reference to high dose hook effect.Results: Fourteen assay kits were studied by 16 laboratories; all were two-site immunometric assays, mostly using one step (11/14). Results obtained after dilution varied from 17,900 µg/L to 86,900 µg/L depending on the assay used. One tested assay was sensitive to the high-dose hook effect leading to a falsely lower prolactin concentration when measuring native serum (150 µg/L compared to 17,900 µg/L after dilution).Conclusion: The high-dose hook effect still exists in a very small minority of prolactin assays. The evolution of assay methods may lead to new assays that remain sensitive to this effect in the future. We therefore advise that the hook effect should still be mentioned in prolactin assay recommendations.

Published
2022
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