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Mg-based solid hydrogen storage materials have advantages such as high hydrogen storage capacity, safety and reliability, low price, and abundant magnesium resources. They are considered a solid hydrogen storage material with great application potential, however, their slow hydrogen absorption/desorption rate, high hydrogen absorption/desorption temperature, and relatively high activation energy and enthalpy limit their application in the field of hydrogen energy. Aiming at the current research on Mg-based solid hydrogen storage materials at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the improvement methods of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials, focusing on the effects of the addition of transition metal catalysts and carbon composite catalysts, as well as the construction of alloying, nanocrystallization, and composite systems on the hydrogen storage and desorption mechanism, microstructure, and dynamic/thermodynamic properties of Mg-based materials. Finally, the research results in this field are summarized, and the development trend and main challenges of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials have been prospected.

Background No studies have explored the long-term outcomes of neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1)-associated membranous lupus nephritis (MLN) patients. Method We performed immunohistochemical studies on kidney biopsy specimens against NCAM1 in consecutive MLN patients. The clinical and histopathological characteristics and outcomes of cases of NCAM1-associated MLN patients are described and compared with NCAM1-negative patients. In addition, we detected serum circulating anti-NCAM1 antibodies through western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence assays. Results Among 361 MLN cases, 18 (5.0%) were glomerular NCAM1-positive. NCAM1-positive MLN patients were older [35 years (interquartile range, IQR 27–43) versus 28 (22–37); P = .050] and had lower systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index [11 (IQR 8–12) versus 14 (10–18); P  = .007], serum creatinine [60 μmol/L (IQR 50–70) versus 70 (54–114); P  = .029] and activity index [3 (IQR 2–6) versus 6 (3–9); P  = .045] at kidney biopsy compared with NCAM1-negative patients. The percentage of positive anti-Sjögren's syndrome–related antigen A antibodies in NCAM1-positive patients was significantly greater (83.3% versus 58.2%; P  = .035) than in the NCAM1-negative patients. However, no evidence of neuropsychiatric disorders was found in these 18 patients. There were no significant differences in the treatment response and the risk of end-stage renal diseases between NCAM1-positive and -negative groups (P = .668 and P = .318, respectively). However, the risk of death was much higher in the NCAM1-positive group than the NCAM1-negative group (27.8% vs 8.1%; P = .007). Moreover, the risk of death was also much higher in the NCAM1-positive group than the matched NCAM1-negative group (Log-rank P = .013). Additionally, circulating anti-NCAM1 antibodies can be detected in 1/5 (20%) patients who had serum available. Conclusion The prevalence of NCAM1 positivity was 5.0% in our cohort of MLN and the high mortality in these subgroup patients are needed to validate in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the effects of multiple materials configurations on the buckling performance, total mass, and manufacturing cost of an existing omega stiffened composite panel. The buckling response of omega stiffened composite panel is predicted and verified using available data in literatures. The multiple materials are introduced into the omega stiffened composite panel. The material distribution, stacking sequences of panel skin, T sub-stiffeners and omega sub-stiffeners are optimized to improve the critical buckling load with reducing the total mass and manufacturing cost. During the optimization process, three classical loading conditions of the stiffened panel are considered, while ensuring compliance with the constraints imposed by ply manufacturing. A generalized optimization design framework for stiffened panels is employed, and NSGA-II algorithm is utilized to achieve the optimum design of stiffened panels. Results demonstrate that the introduction of multiple materials to the omega stiffened composite panel can lead to improved buckling performance, along with reduced manufacturing cost and total mass. Additionally, the proposed multiple-material optimization design framework can be further applied to the structural design of other types of stiffened composite panels in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the development of a new bionic piezoelectric stick–slip actuator (PSSA). This actuator is designed to simulate the human rowing motion. By synergizing a lever amplification structure with a bridge amplification mechanism, the design not only mimics the rowing motion, where the lever amplification structure acts like an oar and the bridge amplification mechanism resembles the force exerted by a person operating the oar, but also suppresses the problem of backward displacement in traditional PSSAs. Finite element analysis and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the design, with a peak velocity of 17.48 mm/s and a maximum load capacity of 55 g. Comparative experiments have shown that the rowing-motion piezoelectric actuation mode outperforms the traditional PSSA mode, with a 16.8% increase in peak velocity and a 120% increase in load capacity. The innovative design has significant implications for the development of high-performance actuators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]