359 results on '"Louw, S"'
Search Results
52. Rivaroxaban or aspirin for patent foramen ovale and embolic stroke of undetermined source: a prespecified subgroup analysis from the NAVIGATE ESUS trial
- Author
-
Kasner, Scott E, primary, Swaminathan, Balakumar, additional, Lavados, Pablo, additional, Sharma, Mukul, additional, Muir, Keith, additional, Veltkamp, Roland, additional, Ameriso, Sebastian F, additional, Endres, Matthias, additional, Lutsep, Helmi, additional, Messé, Steven R, additional, Spence, J David, additional, Nedeltechev, Krassen, additional, Perera, Kanjana, additional, Santo, Gustavo, additional, Olavarria, Veronica, additional, Lindgren, Arne, additional, Bangdiwala, Shrikant, additional, Shoamanesh, Ashkan, additional, Berkowitz, Scott D, additional, Mundl, Hardi, additional, Connolly, Stuart J, additional, Hart, Robert G, additional, Abdelhamid, N, additional, Abdul Rahman, D, additional, Abdul-Saheb, M, additional, Abreu, P, additional, Abroskina, M, additional, Abu Ahmad, F, additional, Accassat, S, additional, Acciaresi, M, additional, Adami, A, additional, Ahmad, N, additional, Ahmed, F, additional, Alberto Hawkes, M, additional, Alemseged, F, additional, Ali, A, additional, Altavilla, R, additional, Alwis, L, additional, Amarenco, P, additional, Amaro, S, additional, Amaya Sanchez, LE, additional, Amelia Pinto, A, additional, Ameriso, SF, additional, Amin, H, additional, Amino, T, additional, Amjad, AK, additional, Anagnostou, E, additional, Andersen, G, additional, Anderson, C, additional, Anderson, DC, additional, Andrea Falco, M, additional, Andres Mackinnon, F, additional, Andreu, D, additional, Androulakis, M, additional, Angel Gamero, M, additional, Angel Saredo, G, additional, Angeles Diaz, R, additional, Angels Font, M, additional, Anticoli, S, additional, Arauz, A, additional, Arauz Gongora, AA, additional, Araya, P, additional, Arenillas Lara, JF, additional, Arias Rivas, S, additional, Arnold, M, additional, Augustin, S, additional, Avelar, W, additional, Azevedo, E, additional, Babikian, V, additional, Bacellar, A, additional, Badalyan, K, additional, Bae, HJ, additional, Baez Martinez, EM, additional, Bagelmann, H, additional, Bailey, P, additional, Bak, Z, additional, Baker, M, additional, Balazs, A, additional, Baldaranov, D, additional, Balogun, I, additional, Balueva, T, additional, Bankuti, Z, additional, Bar, M, additional, Baranowska, A, additional, Bardutzky, J, additional, Barker Trejo, S, additional, Barlinn, J, additional, Baronnet, F, additional, Barroso, C, additional, Barteys, M, additional, Bartolottiova, T, additional, Barulin, A, additional, Bas, M, additional, Bashir, S, additional, Basile, V, additional, Bathe-Peters, R, additional, Bathula, R, additional, Batista, C, additional, Batur Caglayan, H, additional, Baumgartner, P, additional, Bazan, R, additional, Bazhenova, O, additional, Beaudry, M, additional, Beer, J, additional, Behnam, Y, additional, Beilei, C, additional, Beinlich, A, additional, Bejot, Y, additional, Belkin, A, additional, Benavente, OR, additional, Benjamin, A, additional, Berardi, V, additional, Bereczki, D, additional, Berkowitz, SD, additional, Berlingieri, J, additional, Berrios, W, additional, Berrouschot, J, additional, Bhandari, M, additional, Bhargavah, M, additional, Bicker, H, additional, Bicsak, T, additional, Bilik, M, additional, Bindila, D, additional, Birchenall, J, additional, Birnbaum, L, additional, Black, T, additional, Blacker, D, additional, Blacquiere, D, additional, Blanc-Labarre, C, additional, Blank, C, additional, Blazejewska-Hyzorek, B, additional, Bloch, S, additional, Bodiguel, E, additional, Bogdanov, E, additional, Boos, L, additional, Borcsik, L, additional, Bornstein, N, additional, Bouly, S, additional, Braga, G, additional, Bragado, I, additional, Bravi, MC, additional, Brokalaki, C, additional, Brola, W, additional, Brouns, R, additional, Bruce, D, additional, Brzoska-Mizgalska, J, additional, Buck, B, additional, Buksinska-Lisik, M, additional, Burke, J, additional, Burn, M, additional, Bustamante, G, additional, Cabrejo, L, additional, Cai, K, additional, Cajaraville, S, additional, Calejo, M, additional, Calvet, D, additional, Campillo, J, additional, Campos Costa, E, additional, Camps, P, additional, Can Alaydin, H, additional, Candeloro, E, additional, Canepa, C, additional, Cantu Brito, CG, additional, Cappellari, M, additional, Carcel, C, additional, Cardona Portela, P, additional, Cardoso, F, additional, Carek, M, additional, Carletti, M, additional, Carlos Portilla, J, additional, Caruso, P, additional, Casado-Naranjo, I, additional, Castellini, P, additional, Castro, D, additional, Castro Meira, F, additional, Cavallini, A, additional, Cayuela Caudevilla, N, additional, Cenciarelli, S, additional, Cereda, C, additional, Cerrone, P, additional, Chakrabarti, A, additional, Chaloulos-Iakovidis, P, additional, Chamorro, A, additional, Chandrasena, D, additional, Chang, DI, additional, Che, C, additional, Chembala, J, additional, Chen, J, additional, Chen, Z, additional, Chen, T, additional, Chen, H, additional, Chen, X, additional, Chen, G, additional, Chen, L, additional, Chen, S, additional, Cheripelli, B, additional, Chin, M, additional, Chiquete Anaya, E, additional, Chorazy, M, additional, Christensen, H, additional, Christensen, T, additional, Christian, L, additional, Chu, F, additional, Chung, CS, additional, Clark, W, additional, Clarke, R, additional, Claverie, S, additional, Clemente Agostoni, E, additional, Clissold, B, additional, Coelho, J, additional, Cohen, D, additional, Colakoglu, S, additional, Collas, D, additional, Condurso, R, additional, Connolly, SJ, additional, Consoli, D, additional, Constantin, C, additional, Constantino Silva, AB, additional, Contardo, L, additional, Corlobe, A, additional, Correia, M, additional, Correia, C, additional, Cortijo Garcia, E, additional, Coull, B, additional, Coutts, S, additional, Coveney, S, additional, Cras, P, additional, Crols, R, additional, Crozier, S, additional, Csanyi, A, additional, Csiba, L, additional, Csontos, K, additional, Csuha, R, additional, Cui, L, additional, Cunha, L, additional, Curtze, S, additional, Czerska, M, additional, Czlonkowska, A, additional, Czurko, M, additional, Czuryszkiewicz, M, additional, Dagnino, M, additional, Dai, C, additional, Daineko, A, additional, Dalek, G, additional, Damgaard, D, additional, Danese, A, additional, Dani, K, additional, Danku, V, additional, Dario Toledo, W, additional, Dávalos, A, additional, De Havenon, A, additional, De Keyser, J, additional, De Klippel, N, additional, De La Torre, J, additional, De Pauw, A, additional, De Smedt, A, additional, De Torres, R, additional, De Vries Basson, MM, additional, Dearborn, J, additional, Deganutto, R, additional, Degeorgia, M, additional, Deguchi, I, additional, Del Giudice, A, additional, Delcourt, C, additional, Delgado-Mederos, R, additional, Della Marca, G, additional, Delpont, B, additional, Deltour, S, additional, Demets, DL, additional, Dennis, M, additional, Desai, J, additional, Devine, J, additional, Dhollander, I, additional, Di Mascio, MT, additional, Diaconu, M, additional, Diaz Otero, F, additional, Dietzel, J, additional, Diez-Tejedor, E, additional, Ding, N, additional, Ding, J, additional, Diomedi, M, additional, Dioszeghy, P, additional, Distefano, M, additional, Domigo, V, additional, Dorodnicov, E, additional, Dossi, D, additional, Doubal, F, additional, Druzenko, I, additional, Du, P, additional, Du, J, additional, Duman, T, additional, Duodu, Y, additional, Dutta, D, additional, Dylewicz, L, additional, Eckstein, J, additional, Ehrensperger, E, additional, Ehrlich, S, additional, Einer Allende, G, additional, Elena Halac, B, additional, Elyas, S, additional, Endres, M, additional, Engelbrecht, JM, additional, Engelter, S, additional, Epinat, M, additional, Eren, F, additional, Esbjornsson, M, additional, Escribano, B, additional, Escudero, I, additional, Esisi, B, additional, Essa, B, additional, Esterbauer, M, additional, Evans, N, additional, Eveson, D, additional, Fabio, S, additional, Fang, L, additional, Fanta, S, additional, Fares, M, additional, Fatar, M, additional, Faust, K, additional, Favate, A, additional, Fazekas, F, additional, Federica Denaro, M, additional, Fedin, A, additional, Felipe Amaya, P, additional, Feng, J, additional, Ferencova, K, additional, Fernanda Gilli, M, additional, Fernandez, MD, additional, Fernandez Pirrone, PN, additional, Fernandez Vera, J, additional, Ferrari, J, additional, Ferreira, A, additional, Ferreira Junior, G, additional, Fidler, M, additional, Field, D, additional, Field, T, additional, Figueroa, C, additional, Fiksa, J, additional, Filipov, A, additional, Firstenfeld, A, additional, Fisch, L, additional, Fischer, U, additional, Fisselier, M, additional, Fiszer, U, additional, Fluri, F, additional, Fortea, G, additional, Fotherby, K, additional, Fraczek, A, additional, France, E, additional, Freitas, G, additional, Frey, S, additional, Frick, M, additional, Friedman, A, additional, Friedrich, M, additional, Frisullo, G, additional, Fryze, W, additional, Fuentes Gimeno, B, additional, Fujigasaki, H, additional, Fukuyama, K, additional, Furlan, A, additional, Furlanis, G, additional, Furnace, J, additional, Gabriel, M, additional, Gabriel Reich, E, additional, Gagliardi, RJ, additional, Galati, F, additional, Galli Giqueauk, E, additional, Gallina, A, additional, Gallinella, E, additional, Gallo, J, additional, Gangadharan, S, additional, Gao, Y, additional, Garcia Lopez, R, additional, Garcia Pastor, A, additional, Garcia Sanchez, SM, additional, Garnauf, M, additional, Garnier, P, additional, Gasecki, D, additional, Gasic, K, additional, Gasiorek, K, additional, Gasser, S, additional, Gaugg, M, additional, Gebreyohanns, M, additional, Gebura, K, additional, Geng, J, additional, Geniz Clavijo, M, additional, Georg Haeusler, K, additional, Geran, R, additional, Geremek, M, additional, Gerocs, Z, additional, Ghia, D, additional, Giannandrea, D, additional, Giatsidis, F, additional, Gien Lopez, JA, additional, Gil Nunez, A, additional, Gimenez, L, additional, Giralt, E, additional, Glabinski, A, additional, Gladstone, D, additional, Gliem, M, additional, Gluszkiewicz, M, additional, Goddeau, R, additional, Gogoleva, E, additional, Gokce, M, additional, Goldemund, D, additional, Golikov, K, additional, Gomes Neto, A, additional, Gomez Schneider, M, additional, Gomez-Choco, M, additional, Gomis, M, additional, Gongora-Rivera, JF, additional, Gonysheva, Y, additional, Gonzalez, L, additional, Gonzalez Toledo, ME, additional, Gottschal, M, additional, Gozdzik, I, additional, Grabowski, S, additional, Graf, S, additional, Green, D, additional, Greer, D, additional, Gregorio, T, additional, Greisenegger, S, additional, Greshnova, I, additional, Griebe, M, additional, Grzesik, M, additional, Guan, J, additional, Guarda, S, additional, Gueguen, A, additional, Guidoux, C, additional, Guillermo Povedano, P, additional, Guillon, B, additional, Guiraudg, V, additional, Gunathilagan, G, additional, Guryanova, N, additional, Gusev, V, additional, Gustavo Persi, G, additional, Gutiérrez, R, additional, Guyler, P, additional, Gyuker, N, additional, Hachinski, V, additional, Hajas, A, additional, Hallevi, H, additional, Hankey, G, additional, Hankey, GJ, additional, Hanouskova, L, additional, Hao, L, additional, Haraguchi, K, additional, Haralur Sreekantaiah, Y, additional, Haratz, S, additional, Hargroves, D, additional, Harkness, K, additional, Harmel, P, additional, Harrasser, M, additional, Hart, RG, additional, Harvey, M, additional, Hasan, R, additional, Hasegawa, Y, additional, Hassan, A, additional, Hattori, M, additional, Hatzitolios, A, additional, Hauk, M, additional, Hayashi, T, additional, Hayhoe, H, additional, Hedna, VS, additional, Heine, M, additional, Held, V, additional, Hellwig, S, additional, Henkner, J, additional, Henninger, N, additional, Hermans, S, additional, Hernandez, J, additional, Herrero, D, additional, Hervieu-Begue, M, additional, Herzig, R, additional, Hicken, L, additional, Hieber, M, additional, Hill, M, additional, Hirose, M, additional, Hobeanu, MC, additional, Hobson, B, additional, Hochstetter, M, additional, Hoe Heo, J, additional, Hoffmann, M, additional, Holmstedt, C, additional, Hon, P, additional, Hong, KS, additional, Honma, Y, additional, Horev, A, additional, Horgan, G, additional, Horvath, L, additional, Horvath, M, additional, Hoyer, C, additional, Huang, D, additional, Huang, H, additional, Huber, B, additional, Huhtakangas, J, additional, Hussain, M, additional, Igarashi, S, additional, Iglesias Mohedano, AM, additional, Ignacio Tembl, J, additional, Impellizzeri, M, additional, Inanc, Y, additional, Ioli, P, additional, Irina Aniculaesei, A, additional, Ishida, K, additional, Itabashi, R, additional, Iversen, H, additional, Jagolino, A, additional, Jakab, K, additional, Jander, S, additional, Janka, H, additional, Jankovych, J, additional, Jansen, J, additional, Jasek, L, additional, Javier Alet, M, additional, Javor, L, additional, Jin, X, additional, Jing, P, additional, Joachim, B, additional, Joan Macleod, M, additional, Johnson, M, additional, Jose Martin, J, additional, Joyner, C, additional, Judit Szabo, K, additional, Jun-Oconnell, A, additional, Jura, R, additional, Kaczorowska, B, additional, Kadlcikova, J, additional, Kahles, T, additional, Kakaletsis, N, additional, Kakuk, I, additional, Kalinowska, K, additional, Kaminska, K, additional, Kaneko, C, additional, Kanellos, I, additional, Kapeller, P, additional, Kapica-Topczewska, K, additional, Karasz, O, additional, Karlinski, M, additional, Karlsson, JE, additional, Kasa, K, additional, Kashaeva, E, additional, Kasner, SE, additional, Kaste, M, additional, Kasza, J, additional, Katalin Iljicsov, A, additional, Katsurayama, M, additional, Kaur, S, additional, Kawanishi, M, additional, Kaygorodtseva, S, additional, Ke, K, additional, Kei, A, additional, Keilitz, J, additional, Kellner, J, additional, Kelly, P, additional, Kelly, S, additional, Kemlink, D, additional, Kerekgyarto, M, additional, Keskinarkaus, I, additional, Khairutdinova, D, additional, Khanna, A, additional, Khaw, A, additional, Kholopov, M, additional, Khoumri, C, additional, Kirpicheva, S, additional, Kirshner, H, additional, Kitagawa, K, additional, Kittner, S, additional, Kivioja, R, additional, Klein, F, additional, Kleindorfer, D, additional, Kleinig, T, additional, Klivenyi, P, additional, Knecht, S, additional, Kobayashi, Y, additional, Kobayashi, A, additional, Koch, M, additional, Koehler, L, additional, Koivu, M, additional, Kolianov, V, additional, Koltsov, I, additional, Kondo, T, additional, Konkov, I, additional, Kopecky, S, additional, Korompoki, E, additional, Korpela, J, additional, Kosarz-Lanczek, K, additional, Koutroubi, A, additional, Kovacs, K, additional, Kovacs, T, additional, Kovacs, H, additional, Kowalczyk, K, additional, Kowalska, M, additional, Krajickova, D, additional, Kral, M, additional, Krarup Hansen, C, additional, Kraska, J, additional, Krebs, S, additional, Krejci, V, additional, Kremer, C, additional, Kreuzpointer, R, additional, Krzyzanowska, M, additional, Kucken, D, additional, Kulakowska, A, additional, Kunzmann, J, additional, Kurenkova, N, additional, Kuris, A, additional, Kurkowska-Jastrzebska, I, additional, Kurtenkova, N, additional, Kurushina, O, additional, Kusnick, G, additional, Kustova, M, additional, Kuwashiro, T, additional, Kwan Cha, J, additional, Lago, A, additional, Lagutenko, M, additional, Lajos, B, additional, Lambeck, J, additional, Lamy, C, additional, Landolfi, A, additional, Lanfranconi, S, additional, Lang, W, additional, Lara Lezama, LB, additional, Lara Rodriguez, B, additional, Largo, T, additional, Lasek-Bal, A, additional, Latte, L, additional, Lauer, V, additional, Lavados, P, additional, Le Bouc, R, additional, Leal Cantu, R, additional, Lechner, H, additional, Lecouturier, K, additional, Leder, S, additional, Lee, J, additional, Lee, BC, additional, Leger, A, additional, Leira, E, additional, Leisse, I, additional, Leker, R, additional, Lembo, G, additional, Lenskaya, L, additional, Leyden, J, additional, Li, G, additional, Li, M, additional, Li, S, additional, Li, J, additional, Liamis, G, additional, Liang, H, additional, Liang, Z, additional, Ligot, N, additional, Lin, H, additional, Lindert, R, additional, Lindgren, A, additional, Linna, M, additional, Litwin, T, additional, Liu, K, additional, Liu, X, additional, Llull, L, additional, Lohninger, B, additional, Longoni, M, additional, Loomis, C, additional, Lopes, D, additional, Lopez Fernandez, M, additional, Lopez Garza, N, additional, Lord, A, additional, Louw, S, additional, Lovasz, R, additional, Lowenkopf, T, additional, Lu, Z, additional, Lubke-Detring, SC, additional, Luder, R, additional, Lujan, S, additional, Luo, B, additional, Lupinogina, L, additional, Luschin, G, additional, Lutsep, H, additional, Lvova, A, additional, Ly, J, additional, Grosse, G.M., additional, Ma, H, additional, Ma, C, additional, Machado, M, additional, Machado, C, additional, Macher, S, additional, Machetanz, J, additional, Macian-Montoro, F, additional, Mackey, E, additional, Mackey, A, additional, Maclean, G, additional, Maestre-Moreno, J, additional, Magadan, A, additional, Magyar, T, additional, Mahagney, A, additional, Majid, A, additional, Majjhoo, A, additional, Makaritsis, K, additional, Mandzia, J, additional, Mangas Guijarro, M, additional, Mangion, D, additional, Manios, E, additional, Mann, S, additional, Manning, L, additional, Manno, C, additional, Manuel Garcia, J, additional, Maqueda, V, additional, Mar Castellanos, M, additional, Mar Freijo, M, additional, Marando, C, additional, Marcela Lepera, S, additional, Marcos Couto, J, additional, Maria Bruera, G, additional, Maria Greco, L, additional, Maria Lorenzo, A, additional, Maria Obmann, S, additional, Maria Roa, A, additional, Marini, C, additional, Marinkovic, I, additional, Mario Sumay, G, additional, Mario Torres, C, additional, Marko, M, additional, Markova, S, additional, Markus, H, additional, Marsh, R, additional, Marsili, E, additional, Marta Esnaola, M, additional, Marta Moreno, J, additional, Marti-Fabregas, J, additional, Martina Angelocola, S, additional, Martínez Sánchez, P, additional, Martinez-Majander, N, additional, Martins, S, additional, Marzelik, O, additional, Mastrocola, S, additional, Matamala, G, additional, Matoltsy, A, additional, Matosevic, B, additional, Matsumoto, S, additional, Maud, A, additional, Mauri Cabdevila, G, additional, May, Z, additional, Mayasi, Y, additional, Mayr, A, additional, Mazzoli, T, additional, Mcarthur, K, additional, Mccullough, L, additional, Medina Pech, CE, additional, Medlin, F, additional, Mehdiratta, M, additional, Mehta, S, additional, Mehta, D, additional, Mehta, B, additional, Melis, M, additional, Melnikova, E, additional, Mendez, B, additional, Mendonca, T, additional, Mengual Chirifie, JJ, additional, Menon, N, additional, Mensch, A, additional, Meseguer, E, additional, Messe, S, additional, Metcalf, K, additional, Meyer, N, additional, Michas, F, additional, Micheletti, N, additional, Mikulik, R, additional, Milionis, H, additional, Miller, B, additional, Milling, T, additional, Minelli, C, additional, Minhas, J, additional, Minns, M, additional, Mircea, D, additional, Mishra, S, additional, Mismas, A, additional, Mistri, A, additional, Mitrovic, N, additional, Miyake, H, additional, Modrau, B, additional, Moey, A, additional, Molina, C, additional, Molina, J, additional, Molis, A, additional, Moller, J, additional, Molnar, S, additional, Moniche, F, additional, Monosi, C, additional, Monzani, V, additional, Moonis, M, additional, Morais, R, additional, Morales, L, additional, Morales, A, additional, Morar-Precup, D, additional, Moreton, F, additional, Moro, C, additional, Morozova, E, additional, Morton, M, additional, Morvan, T, additional, Morvan, E, additional, Motko, T, additional, Mowla, A, additional, Mozhejko, E, additional, Muddegowda, G, additional, Mudhar, O, additional, Mueller, T, additional, Muhl, C, additional, Muir, KW, additional, Mundl, H, additional, Munoz, S, additional, Murphy, C, additional, Murphy, S, additional, Murtuzova, A, additional, Musuka, T, additional, Mutzenbach, J, additional, Myint, M, additional, Mysliwy, W, additional, Naccarato, M, additional, Naeije, G, additional, Nagakane, Y, additional, Natarajan, I, additional, Navaratnam, D, additional, Nave, A, additional, Nazliel, B, additional, Nedeltchev, K, additional, Nel, J, additional, Nell, H, additional, Nemeth, R, additional, Nemeth, L, additional, Neto, O, additional, Ng, K, additional, Ngeh, J, additional, Nicolas Chialvo, L, additional, Nieminen, T, additional, Nikkanen, M, additional, Nikl, J, additional, Nikoforova, M, additional, Nishino, S, additional, Nishiyama, Y, additional, Njovane, X, additional, Nogawa, S, additional, Nombela, F, additional, Norrving, B, additional, Nosek, K, additional, Nowak, B, additional, Nowakowska-Sledz, E, additional, Ntaios, G, additional, Numminen, H, additional, Nunez, F, additional, Obadia, M, additional, Oberndorfer, S, additional, Obrezan, A, additional, Ochiai, J, additional, Oczkowski, W, additional, O'Donnell, MJ, additional, Odyniec, A, additional, Oh, K, additional, Ohira, M, additional, Okamoto, Y, additional, Okpala, M, additional, Okubo, S, additional, Olah, L, additional, Olavarria, V, additional, Oleszek, J, additional, Onat Demirci, N, additional, Ondar, V, additional, Ongun, G, additional, Ooyama, K, additional, Orosz, V, additional, Ortiz, R, additional, Osseby, G, additional, Österlund-Tauriala, E, additional, Ovesen, C, additional, Ozcekic Demirhan, S, additional, Ozdoba-Rot, J, additional, Ozturk, S, additional, Ozyurt, E, additional, Pablo Grecco, M, additional, Pablo Povedano, G, additional, Paciaroni, M, additional, Padiglioni, C, additional, Pagola, J, additional, Palasik, W, additional, Panczel, G, additional, Panos, L, additional, Papadopoulos, G, additional, Papadopoulou, E, additional, Papagiannis, A, additional, Papavasileiou, V, additional, Papina, M, additional, Pardo De Donlebun, JR, additional, Parisi, V, additional, Park, JM, additional, Pasten, J, additional, Patel, N, additional, Pavlik, O, additional, Pawelczyk, M, additional, Peacock, WF, additional, Pei, H, additional, Peisker, T, additional, Pena Sedna, LF, additional, Penn, A, additional, Pentek, S, additional, Pepper, E, additional, Pereira, L, additional, Perera, K, additional, Perez, Y, additional, Perez, S, additional, Perez Leguizamon, P, additional, Pernicka, M, additional, Perry, R, additional, Persico, A, additional, Pesant, Y, additional, Peska, S, additional, Peters, D, additional, Peters, G, additional, Pettigrew, L, additional, Phan, T, additional, Philippi, S, additional, Phinney, T, additional, Pico, F, additional, Pidal, A, additional, Piechowski-Jozwiak, B, additional, Pieroni, A, additional, Pineiro, S, additional, Piras, V, additional, Pizova, N, additional, Polanco, J, additional, Polin, M, additional, Polyakov, A, additional, Polychronopoulou, E, additional, Polymeris, A, additional, Popov, D, additional, Poppe, A, additional, Postorino, P, additional, Pozzerese, C, additional, Pradhan, M, additional, Prats, L, additional, Prazdnichkova, E, additional, Prendl, B, additional, Pretorius, M, additional, Profice, P, additional, Prokopenko, S, additional, Pudov, E, additional, Pujol Lereis, V, additional, Punzo Bravo, G, additional, Purroy, F, additional, Qiu, J, additional, Qu, X, additional, Quenardelle, V, additional, Quesada Garcia, H, additional, Radrizzani, L, additional, Radtke, A, additional, Raffelsberger, T, additional, Ramirez Moreno, JM, additional, Ramos-Estebanez, C, additional, Rani, A, additional, Rapantova, P, additional, Rashed, K, additional, Rasheed Nihara, A, additional, Rasmussen, J, additional, Redondo Robles, L, additional, Reif, M, additional, Reiner, P, additional, Rekova, P, additional, Renu, A, additional, Repetto, M, additional, Reyes, P, additional, Reyes Morales, S, additional, Rha, JH, additional, Ribeiro, J, additional, Ricci, S, additional, Richard, C, additional, Rigual, R, additional, Rinaldi, C, additional, Riveira Rodriguez, C, additional, Rizzato, B, additional, Robinson, TG, additional, Rocco, A, additional, Rodrigues, M, additional, Rodriguez, G, additional, Rodriguez Campello, A, additional, Rodriguez Lucci, F, additional, Rodriguez Yanez, M, additional, Roesler, C, additional, Roffe, C, additional, Roine, R, additional, Roine, S, additional, Roldan, A, additional, Romana Pezzella, F, additional, Romano, M, additional, Roos, JS, additional, Rosso, C, additional, Rostrup Kruuse, C, additional, Roth, Y, additional, Roukens, R, additional, Roveri, L, additional, Rozanski, D, additional, Rozniecki, J, additional, Rozsa, C, additional, Rudilosso, S, additional, Ruiz Ares, G, additional, Ruiz Franco, A, additional, Rum, G, additional, Ruuskanen, J, additional, Rybinnik, I, additional, Ryota, K, additional, Saarinen, J, additional, Saavedra, V, additional, Sabben, C, additional, Sabet, A, additional, Sagris, D, additional, Sahlas, J, additional, Sakai, N, additional, Salamanca, P, additional, Salgado, P, additional, Salig, S, additional, Salletmayr, T, additional, Salnikov, M, additional, Samoshkina, O, additional, Samson, Y, additional, Sanak, D, additional, Sànchez Cerón, M, additional, Santalucia, P, additional, Santamaria Cadavid, M, additional, Santiago, P, additional, Santo, G, additional, Sanz Cuesta, B, additional, Sargento, J, additional, Sarraj, A, additional, Sas, K, additional, Sas, A, additional, Satoshi, O, additional, Satsoglou, S, additional, Sattar, N, additional, Savitz, S, additional, Savopoulos, C, additional, Saw, J, additional, Sawicka, M, additional, Sawyer, R, additional, Scandura, T, additional, Schillinger, N, additional, Schindler, J, additional, Schlachetzki, F, additional, Schneider, I, additional, Schuppner, R, additional, Schurig, J, additional, Schwarzbach, CJ, additional, Sebejova, M, additional, Seidel, G, additional, Sekaran, L, additional, Selcuk, D, additional, Selvarajah, J, additional, Semerano, A, additional, Semjen, J, additional, Semushina, D, additional, Sen, S, additional, Seok Park, M, additional, Serena, J, additional, Serhat Tokgoz, O, additional, Serles, W, additional, Serrano, F, additional, Sevin, M, additional, Seynaeve, L, additional, Shah, S, additional, Shamalov, N, additional, Shang, T, additional, Sharma, M, additional, Sharrief, A, additional, Shazam Hussain, M, additional, Shchukin, I, additional, Shen, W, additional, Shepeleva, E, additional, Shinsuke, I, additional, Shmonin, A, additional, Shoamanesh, A, additional, Shuaib, A, additional, Shulga, A, additional, Sibolt, G, additional, Sibon, I, additional, Sicilia, I, additional, Siebert, M, additional, Sieczkowska, E, additional, Sila, C, additional, Silva, AA, additional, Silva, D, additional, Silva, P, additional, Silva, Y, additional, Silvestrini, M, additional, Simony, Z, additional, Simpkins, A, additional, Singh, B, additional, Sinha, D, additional, Sipos, I, additional, Skoda, O, additional, Skowron, P, additional, Skowronska, M, additional, Sliwinska, B, additional, Slonkova, J, additional, Smolkin, A, additional, Smyth, A, additional, Sobolewski, P, additional, Sobota, A, additional, Sohn, SI, additional, Soldatov, M, additional, Solganov, I, additional, Soloveva, L, additional, Solovyeva, E, additional, Sonntag, N, additional, Soors, P, additional, Sorgun, M, additional, Soriano, C, additional, Spence, D, additional, Spengos, K, additional, Sposato, L, additional, Staaf, G, additional, Stadler, K, additional, Stakhovskaya, L, additional, Stamatelopoulos, K, additional, Steinert, S, additional, Stetkarova, I, additional, Stiehm, M, additional, Stocker, R, additional, Stoinski, J, additional, Stoll, A, additional, Stotts, G, additional, Stumpp, A, additional, Sucapane, P, additional, Suenaga, T, additional, Sun, X, additional, Sundararajan, S, additional, Sung Kim, J, additional, Suzuki, H, additional, Svaneborg, N, additional, Szasz, G, additional, Szczuchniak, W, additional, Szczyrba, S, additional, Szegedi, N, additional, Szekely, A, additional, Szewczyk, Z, additional, Szilagyi, G, additional, Szlufik, S, additional, Szoboszlai, K, additional, Szpisjak, L, additional, Sztajzel, R, additional, Sztriha, L, additional, Ta Wil, SE, additional, Taggeselle, J, additional, Takamatsu, K, additional, Takao, M, additional, Taki, W, additional, Takizawa, S, additional, Talahma, M, additional, Tamayo, A, additional, Tan, J, additional, Tanne, D, additional, Tapanainen, A, additional, Tapiola, T, additional, Tarasiuk, J, additional, Tatlisumak, T, additional, Tayal, A, additional, Tcvetkova, S, additional, Teal, P, additional, Tejada Garcia, J, additional, Tejada Meza, H, additional, Tenora, D, additional, Terceno, M, additional, Terentiou, A, additional, Tezcan, S, additional, Thaler, D, additional, Thomson, A, additional, Thouvenot, E, additional, Tiainen, M, additional, Timberg, I, additional, Timsit, S, additional, Tinchon, A, additional, Tirschwell, D, additional, Togay Isikay, C, additional, Tokunaga, K, additional, Tolino, M, additional, Toloza, C, additional, Tomelleri, G, additional, Tomoyuki, K, additional, Tomppo, LM, additional, Tong, Z, additional, Tong, L, additional, Toni, D, additional, Torres, J, additional, Tossavainen, C, additional, Toth, G, additional, Tountopoulou, A, additional, Touze, E, additional, Tovar, M, additional, Toyoda, K, additional, Trillo, S, additional, Trommer, A, additional, Tropepi, D, additional, Tryambake, D, additional, Tu, H, additional, Tuetuencue, S, additional, Tumova, R, additional, Tumpula, O, additional, Turc, G, additional, Tutaj, A, additional, Tynkkynen, J, additional, Uchiyama, S, additional, Uchwat, U, additional, Uhrinyakova, L, additional, Ulku Acar, R, additional, Uluduz Ugurlu, D, additional, Urra, X, additional, Urui, S, additional, Usero Ruiz, M, additional, Vaclavik, D, additional, Vahedi, K, additional, Valikovics, A, additional, Valpas, J, additional, Van Acker, P, additional, Van Daele, W, additional, Vanderschueren, G, additional, Vanina Jure, L, additional, Varela, R, additional, Varga, Z, additional, Varvat, J, additional, Varvyanskaya, N, additional, Vasco Salgado, A, additional, Vasko, P, additional, Vass, L, additional, Vassilopoulou, S, additional, Vastagh, I, additional, Vazquez, P, additional, Vecsei, L, additional, Veltkamp, R, additional, Venti, M, additional, Verdugo, M, additional, Verocai, V, additional, Veronica Marroquin, M, additional, Veronica Simonsini, C, additional, Veverka, T, additional, Vigl, M, additional, Vila, A, additional, Vilar, C, additional, Villanueva Osorio, JA, additional, Virta, J, additional, Vitkova, E, additional, Voglsperger, B, additional, Volna, J, additional, Von Weitzel-Mudersbach, PA, additional, Vora, N, additional, Voznyuk, I, additional, Wach-Klink, A, additional, Wacongne, A, additional, Walters, D, additional, Wang, Y, additional, Wang, J, additional, Wang, L, additional, Wang, X, additional, Wang, W, additional, Wang, N, additional, Wang, D, additional, Wang, H, additional, Warnack, W, additional, Wartenberg, K, additional, Waters, R, additional, Waters, M, additional, Webb, T, additional, Weber, J, additional, Weiss, G, additional, Weissenborn, K, additional, Weitz, JI, additional, Weller, B, additional, Wen, G, additional, Weng, G, additional, Werner, P, additional, Werring, D, additional, Wester, P, additional, Whiteley, W, additional, Whiting, R, additional, Wijeratne, T, additional, Willems, C, additional, Wilson, L, additional, Wilson, C, additional, Winder, T, additional, Windt, J, additional, Winkler, A, additional, Winska-Tereszkiewicz, A, additional, Wisniewska, A, additional, Wittayer, M, additional, Wlodek, A, additional, Wojnarowska-Arendt, A, additional, Wolf, M, additional, Wolff, V, additional, Wolter, C, additional, Wong, A, additional, Wook Nah, H, additional, Worthmann, H, additional, Wu, W, additional, Wu, S, additional, Wunderlich, S, additional, Wurzinger, H, additional, Wyse, DG, additional, Xiao, B, additional, Xiaopeng, W, additional, Ximenez-Carrillo, A, additional, Xiong, L, additional, Xiong, Y, additional, Xiong, W, additional, Xu, Y, additional, Xu, J, additional, Xu, Z, additional, Yalo, B, additional, Yamada, T, additional, Yamasaki, M, additional, Yang, L, additional, Yang, Y, additional, Yang, X, additional, Yang, Q, additional, Yang, B, additional, Yang, J, additional, Yasuhiro, I, additional, Yee Lam, M, additional, Yegappan, C, additional, Yip, S, additional, Ylikallio, E, additional, Ylikotila, P, additional, Yongwon Jin, A, additional, Yoon, BW, additional, Yoshida, Y, additional, Yperzeele, L, additional, Yuan, H, additional, Yuasa, H, additional, Zalewska, J, additional, Zanferrari, C, additional, Zapata, E, additional, Zboznovits, D, additional, Zelenka, I, additional, Zhang, C, additional, Zhang, B, additional, Zhang, S, additional, Zhang, M, additional, Zhang, X, additional, Zhang, J, additional, Zhao, L, additional, Zhirnova, O, additional, Zhou, L, additional, Zielinska-Turek, J, additional, Zinchenko, I, additional, Ziomek, M, additional, Zitzmann, A, additional, Zweifler, R, additional, and Zwiernik, J, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
53. Rivaroxaban or aspirin for patent foramen ovale and embolic stroke of undetermined source: a prespecified subgroup analysis from the NAVIGATE ESUS trial
- Author
-
Kasner, S. E., Swaminathan, B., Lavados, P., Sharma, M., Muir, K., Veltkamp, R., Ameriso, S. F., Endres, M., Lutsep, H., Messe, S. R., Spence, J. D., Nedeltechev, K., Perera, K., Santo, G., Olavarria, V., Lindgren, A., Bangdiwala, S., Shoamanesh, A., Berkowitz, S. D., Mundl, H., Connolly, S. J., Hart, R. G., Abdelhamid, N., Abdul Rahman, D., Abdul-Saheb, M., Abreu, P., Abroskina, M., Abu Ahmad, F., Accassat, S., Acciaresi, M., Adami, A., Ahmad, N., Ahmed, F., Alberto Hawkes, M., Alemseged, F., Ali, A., Altavilla, R., Alwis, L., Amarenco, P., Amaro, S., Amaya Sanchez, L. E., Amelia Pinto, A., Amin, H., Amino, T., Amjad, A. K., Anagnostou, E., Andersen, G., Anderson, C., Anderson, D. C., Andrea Falco, M., Andres Mackinnon, F., Andreu, D., Androulakis, M., Angel Gamero, M., Angel Saredo, G., Angeles Diaz, R., Angels Font, M., Anticoli, S., Arauz, A., Arauz Gongora, A. A., Araya, P., Arenillas Lara, J. F., Arias Rivas, S., Arnold, M., Augustin, S., Avelar, W., Azevedo, E., Babikian, V., Bacellar, A., Badalyan, K., Bae, H. J., Baez Martinez, E. M., Bagelmann, H., Bailey, P., Bak, Z., Baker, M., Balazs, A., Baldaranov, D., Balogun, I., Balueva, T., Bankuti, Z., Bar, M., Baranowska, A., Bardutzky, J., Barker Trejo, S., Barlinn, J., Baronnet, F., Barroso, C., Barteys, M., Bartolottiova, T., Barulin, A., Bas, M., Bashir, S., Basile, V., Bathe-Peters, R., Bathula, R., Batista, C., Batur Caglayan, H., Baumgartner, P., Bazan, R., Bazhenova, O., Beaudry, M., Beer, J., Behnam, Y., Beilei, C., Beinlich, A., Bejot, Y., Belkin, A., Benavente, O. R., Benjamin, A., Berardi, V., Bereczki, D., Berlingieri, J., Berrios, W., Berrouschot, J., Bhandari, M., Bhargavah, M., Bicker, H., Bicsak, T., Bilik, M., Bindila, D., Birchenall, J., Birnbaum, L., Black, T., Blacker, D., Blacquiere, D., Blanc-Labarre, C., Blank, C., Blazejewska-Hyzorek, B., Bloch, S., Bodiguel, E., Bogdanov, E., Boos, L., Borcsik, L., Bornstein, N., Bouly, S., Braga, G., Bragado, I., Bravi, M. C., Brokalaki, C., Brola, W., Brouns, R., Bruce, D., Brzoska-Mizgalska, J., Buck, B., Buksinska-Lisik, M., Burke, J., Burn, M., Bustamante, G., Cabrejo, L., Cai, K., Cajaraville, S., Calejo, M., Calvet, D., Campillo, J., Campos Costa, E., Camps, P., Can Alaydin, H., Candeloro, E., Canepa, C., Cantu Brito, C. G., Cappellari, M., Carcel, C., Cardona Portela, P., Cardoso, F., Carek, M., Carletti, M., Carlos Portilla, J., Caruso, P., Casado-Naranjo, I., Castellini, P., Castro, D., Castro Meira, F., Cavallini, A., Cayuela Caudevilla, N., Cenciarelli, S., Cereda, C., Cerrone, P., Chakrabarti, A., Chaloulos-Iakovidis, P., Chamorro, A., Chandrasena, D., Chang, D. I., Che, C., Chembala, J., Chen, J., Chen, Z., Chen, T., Chen, H., Chen, X., Chen, G., Chen, L., Chen, S., Cheripelli, B., Chin, M., Chiquete Anaya, E., Chorazy, M., Christensen, H., Christensen, T., Christian, L., Chu, F., Chung, C. S., Clark, W., Clarke, R., Claverie, S., Clemente Agostoni, E., Clissold, B., Coelho, J., Cohen, D., Colakoglu, S., Collas, D., Condurso, R., Consoli, D., Constantin, C., Constantino Silva, A. B., Contardo, L., Corlobe, A., Correia, M., Correia, C., Cortijo Garcia, E., Coull, B., Coutts, S., Coveney, S., Cras, P., Crols, R., Crozier, S., Csanyi, A., Csiba, L., Csontos, K., Csuha, R., Cui, L., Cunha, L., Curtze, S., Czerska, M., Czlonkowska, A., Czurko, M., Czuryszkiewicz, M., Dagnino, M., Dai, C., Daineko, A., Dalek, G., Damgaard, D., Danese, A., Dani, K., Danku, V., Dario Toledo, W., Davalos, A., De Havenon, A., De Keyser, J., De Klippel, N., De La Torre, J., De Pauw, A., De Smedt, A., De Torres, R., De Vries Basson, M. M., Dearborn, J., Deganutto, R., Degeorgia, M., Deguchi, I., Del Giudice, A., Delcourt, C., Delgado-Mederos, R., Della Marca, Giacomo, Delpont, B., Deltour, S., Demets, D. L., Dennis, M., Desai, J., Devine, J., Dhollander, I., Di Mascio, M. T., Diaconu, M., Diaz Otero, F., Dietzel, J., Diez-Tejedor, E., Ding, N., Ding, J., Diomedi, M., Dioszeghy, P., Distefano, M., Domigo, V., Dorodnicov, E., Dossi, D., Doubal, F., Druzenko, I., Du, P., Du, J., Duman, T., Duodu, Y., Dutta, D., Dylewicz, L., Eckstein, J., Ehrensperger, E., Ehrlich, S., Einer Allende, G., Elena Halac, B., Elyas, S., Engelbrecht, J. M., Engelter, S., Epinat, M., Eren, F., Esbjornsson, M., Escribano, B., Escudero, I., Esisi, B., Essa, B., Esterbauer, M., Evans, N., Eveson, D., Fabio, S., Fang, L., Fanta, S., Fares, M., Fatar, M., Faust, K., Favate, A., Fazekas, F., Federica Denaro, M., Fedin, A., Felipe Amaya, P., Feng, J., Ferencova, K., Fernanda Gilli, M., Fernandez, M. D., Fernandez Pirrone, P. N., Fernandez Vera, J., Ferrari, J., Ferreira, A., Ferreira Junior, G., Fidler, M., Field, D., Field, T., Figueroa, C., Fiksa, J., Filipov, A., Firstenfeld, A., Fisch, L., Fischer, U., Fisselier, M., Fiszer, U., Fluri, F., Fortea, G., Fotherby, K., Fraczek, A., France, E., Freitas, G., Frey, S., Frick, M., Friedman, A., Friedrich, M., Frisullo, G., Fryze, W., Fuentes Gimeno, B., Fujigasaki, H., Fukuyama, K., Furlan, A., Furlanis, G., Furnace, J., Gabriel, M., Gabriel Reich, E., Gagliardi, R. J., Galati, F., Galli Giqueauk, E., Gallina, A., Gallinella, E., Gallo, J., Gangadharan, S., Gao, Y., Garcia Lopez, R., Garcia Pastor, A., Garcia Sanchez, S. M., Garnauf, M., Garnier, P., Gasecki, D., Gasic, K., Gasiorek, K., Gasser, S., Gaugg, M., Gebreyohanns, M., Gebura, K., Geng, J., Geniz Clavijo, M., Georg Haeusler, K., Geran, R., Geremek, M., Gerocs, Z., Ghia, D., Giannandrea, D., Giatsidis, F., Gien Lopez, J. A., Gil Nunez, A., Gimenez, L., Giralt, E., Glabinski, A., Gladstone, D., Gliem, M., Gluszkiewicz, M., Goddeau, R., Gogoleva, E., Gokce, M., Goldemund, D., Golikov, K., Gomes Neto, A., Gomez Schneider, M., Gomez-Choco, M., Gomis, M., Gongora-Rivera, J. F., Gonysheva, Y., Gonzalez, L., Gonzalez Toledo, M. E., Gottschal, M., Gozdzik, I., Grabowski, S., Graf, S., Green, D., Greer, D., Gregorio, T., Greisenegger, S., Greshnova, I., Griebe, M., Grzesik, M., Guan, J., Guarda, S., Gueguen, A., Guidoux, C., Guillermo Povedano, P., Guillon, B., Guiraudg, V., Gunathilagan, G., Guryanova, N., Gusev, V., Gustavo Persi, G., Gutierrez, R., Guyler, P., Gyuker, N., Hachinski, V., Hajas, A., Hallevi, H., Hankey, G., Hankey, G. J., Hanouskova, L., Hao, L., Haraguchi, K., Haralur Sreekantaiah, Y., Haratz, S., Hargroves, D., Harkness, K., Harmel, P., Harrasser, M., Harvey, M., Hasan, R., Hasegawa, Y., Hassan, A., Hattori, M., Hatzitolios, A., Hauk, M., Hayashi, T., Hayhoe, H., Hedna, V. S., Heine, M., Held, V., Hellwig, S., Henkner, J., Henninger, N., Hermans, S., Hernandez, J., Herrero, D., Hervieu-Begue, M., Herzig, R., Hicken, L., Hieber, M., Hill, M., Hirose, M., Hobeanu, M. C., Hobson, B., Hochstetter, M., Hoe Heo, J., Hoffmann, M., Holmstedt, C., Hon, P., Hong, K. S., Honma, Y., Horev, A., Horgan, G., Horvath, L., Horvath, M., Hoyer, C., Huang, D., Huang, H., Huber, B., Huhtakangas, J., Hussain, M., Igarashi, S., Iglesias Mohedano, A. M., Ignacio Tembl, J., Impellizzeri, M., Inanc, Y., Ioli, P., Irina Aniculaesei, A., Ishida, K., Itabashi, R., Iversen, H., Jagolino, A., Jakab, K., Jander, S., Janka, H., Jankovych, J., Jansen, J., Jasek, L., Javier Alet, M., Javor, L., Jin, X., Jing, P., Joachim, B., Joan Macleod, M., Johnson, M., Jose Martin, J., Joyner, C., Judit Szabo, K., Jun-Oconnell, A., Jura, R., Kaczorowska, B., Kadlcikova, J., Kahles, T., Kakaletsis, N., Kakuk, I., Kalinowska, K., Kaminska, K., Kaneko, C., Kanellos, I., Kapeller, P., Kapica-Topczewska, K., Karasz, O., Karlinski, M., Karlsson, J. E., Kasa, K., Kashaeva, E., Kaste, M., Kasza, J., Katalin Iljicsov, A., Katsurayama, M., Kaur, S., Kawanishi, M., Kaygorodtseva, S., Ke, K., Kei, A., Keilitz, J., Kellner, J., Kelly, P., Kelly, S., Kemlink, D., Kerekgyarto, M., Keskinarkaus, I., Khairutdinova, D., Khanna, A., Khaw, A., Kholopov, M., Khoumri, C., Kirpicheva, S., Kirshner, H., Kitagawa, K., Kittner, S., Kivioja, R., Klein, F., Kleindorfer, D., Kleinig, T., Klivenyi, P., Knecht, S., Kobayashi, Y., Kobayashi, A., Koch, M., Koehler, L., Koivu, M., Kolianov, V., Koltsov, I., Kondo, T., Konkov, I., Kopecky, S., Korompoki, E., Korpela, J., Kosarz-Lanczek, K., Koutroubi, A., Kovacs, K., Kovacs, T., Kovacs, H., Kowalczyk, K., Kowalska, M., Krajickova, D., Kral, M., Krarup Hansen, C., Kraska, J., Krebs, S., Krejci, V., Kremer, C., Kreuzpointer, R., Krzyzanowska, M., Kucken, D., Kulakowska, A., Kunzmann, J., Kurenkova, N., Kuris, A., Kurkowska-Jastrzebska, I., Kurtenkova, N., Kurushina, O., Kusnick, G., Kustova, M., Kuwashiro, T., Kwan Cha, J., Lago, A., Lagutenko, M., Lajos, B., Lambeck, J., Lamy, C., Landolfi, A., Lanfranconi, S., Lang, W., Lara Lezama, L. B., Lara Rodriguez, B., Largo, T., Lasek-Bal, A., Latte, L., Lauer, V., Le Bouc, R., Leal Cantu, R., Lechner, H., Lecouturier, K., Leder, S., Lee, J., Lee, B. C., Leger, A., Leira, E., Leisse, I., Leker, R., Lembo, G., Lenskaya, L., Leyden, J., Li, G., Li, M., Li, S., Li, J., Liamis, G., Liang, H., Liang, Z., Ligot, N., Lin, H., Lindert, R., Linna, M., Litwin, T., Liu, K., Liu, X., Llull, L., Lohninger, B., Longoni, M., Loomis, C., Lopes, D., Lopez Fernandez, M., Lopez Garza, N., Lord, A., Louw, S., Lovasz, R., Lowenkopf, T., Lu, Z., Lubke-Detring, S. C., Luder, R., Lujan, S., Luo, B., Lupinogina, L., Luschin, G., Lvova, A., Ly, J., Grosse, G. M., Ma, H., Ma, C., Machado, M., Machado, C., Macher, S., Machetanz, J., Macian-Montoro, F., Mackey, E., Mackey, A., Maclean, G., Maestre-Moreno, J., Magadan, A., Magyar, T., Mahagney, A., Majid, A., Majjhoo, A., Makaritsis, K., Mandzia, J., Mangas Guijarro, M., Mangion, D., Manios, E., Mann, S., Manning, L., Manno, C., Manuel Garcia, J., Maqueda, V., Mar Castellanos, M., Mar Freijo, M., Marando, C., Marcela Lepera, S., Marcos Couto, J., Maria Bruera, G., Maria Greco, L., Maria Lorenzo, A., Maria Obmann, S., Maria Roa, A., Marini, C., Marinkovic, I., Mario Sumay, G., Mario Torres, C., Marko, M., Markova, S., Markus, H., Marsh, R., Marsili, E., Marta Esnaola, M., Marta Moreno, J., Marti-Fabregas, J., Martina Angelocola, S., Martinez Sanchez, P., Martinez-Majander, N., Martins, S., Marzelik, O., Mastrocola, S., Matamala, G., Matoltsy, A., Matosevic, B., Matsumoto, S., Maud, A., Mauri Cabdevila, G., May, Z., Mayasi, Y., Mayr, A., Mazzoli, T., Mcarthur, K., Mccullough, L., Medina Pech, C. E., Medlin, F., Mehdiratta, M., Mehta, S., Mehta, D., Mehta, B., Melis, M., Melnikova, E., Mendez, B., Mendonca, T., Mengual Chirifie, J. J., Menon, N., Mensch, A., Meseguer, E., Messe, S., Metcalf, K., Meyer, N., Michas, F., Micheletti, N., Mikulik, R., Milionis, H., Miller, B., Milling, T., Minelli, C., Minhas, J., Minns, M., Mircea, D., Mishra, S., Mismas, A., Mistri, A., Mitrovic, N., Miyake, H., Modrau, B., Moey, A., Molina, C., Molina, J., Molis, A., Moller, J., Molnar, S., Moniche, F., Monosi, C., Monzani, V., Moonis, M., Morais, R., Morales, L., Morales, A., Morar-Precup, D., Moreton, F., Moro, C., Morozova, E., Morton, M., Morvan, T., Morvan, E., Motko, T., Mowla, A., Mozhejko, E., Muddegowda, G., Mudhar, O., Mueller, T., Muhl, C., Muir, K. W., Munoz, S., Murphy, C., Murphy, S., Murtuzova, A., Musuka, T., Mutzenbach, J., Myint, M., Mysliwy, W., Naccarato, M., Naeije, G., Nagakane, Y., Natarajan, I., Navaratnam, D., Nave, A., Nazliel, B., Nedeltchev, K., Nel, J., Nell, H., Nemeth, R., Nemeth, L., Neto, O., Ng, K., Ngeh, J., Nicolas Chialvo, L., Nieminen, T., Nikkanen, M., Nikl, J., Nikoforova, M., Nishino, S., Nishiyama, Y., Njovane, X., Nogawa, S., Nombela, F., Norrving, B., Nosek, K., Nowak, B., Nowakowska-Sledz, E., Ntaios, G., Numminen, H., Nunez, F., Obadia, M., Oberndorfer, S., Obrezan, A., Ochiai, J., Oczkowski, W., O'Donnell, M. J., Odyniec, A., Oh, K., Ohira, M., Okamoto, Y., Okpala, M., Okubo, S., Olah, L., Oleszek, J., Onat Demirci, N., Ondar, V., Ongun, G., Ooyama, K., Orosz, V., Ortiz, R., Osseby, G., Osterlund-Tauriala, E., Ovesen, C., Ozcekic Demirhan, S., Ozdoba-Rot, J., Ozturk, S., Ozyurt, E., Pablo Grecco, M., Pablo Povedano, G., Paciaroni, M., Padiglioni, C., Pagola, J., Palasik, W., Panczel, G., Panos, L., Papadopoulos, G., Papadopoulou, E., Papagiannis, A., Papavasileiou, V., Papina, M., Pardo De Donlebun, J. R., Parisi, V., Park, J. M., Pasten, J., Patel, N., Pavlik, O., Pawelczyk, M., Peacock, W. F., Pei, H., Peisker, T., Pena Sedna, L. F., Penn, A., Pentek, S., Pepper, E., Pereira, L., Perez, Y., Perez, S., Perez Leguizamon, P., Pernicka, M., Perry, R., Persico, A., Pesant, Y., Peska, S., Peters, D., Peters, G., Pettigrew, L., Phan, T., Philippi, S., Phinney, T., Pico, F., Pidal, A., Piechowski-Jozwiak, B., Pieroni, A., Pineiro, S., Piras, V., Pizova, N., Polanco, J., Polin, M., Polyakov, A., Polychronopoulou, E., Polymeris, A., Popov, D., Poppe, A., Postorino, P., Pozzerese, C., Pradhan, M., Prats, L., Prazdnichkova, E., Prendl, B., Pretorius, M., Profice, P., Prokopenko, S., Pudov, E., Pujol Lereis, V., Punzo Bravo, G., Purroy, F., Qiu, J., Qu, X., Quenardelle, V., Quesada Garcia, H., Radrizzani, L., Radtke, A., Raffelsberger, T., Ramirez Moreno, J. M., Ramos-Estebanez, C., Rani, A., Rapantova, P., Rashed, K., Rasheed Nihara, A., Rasmussen, J., Redondo Robles, L., Reif, M., Reiner, P., Rekova, P., Renu, A., Repetto, M., Reyes, P., Reyes Morales, S., Rha, J. H., Ribeiro, J., Ricci, S., Richard, C., Rigual, R., Rinaldi, C., Riveira Rodriguez, C., Rizzato, B., Robinson, T. G., Rocco, A., Rodrigues, M., Rodriguez, G., Rodriguez Campello, A., Rodriguez Lucci, F., Rodriguez Yanez, M., Roesler, C., Roffe, C., Roine, R., Roine, S., Roldan, A., Romana Pezzella, F., Romano, M., Roos, J. S., Rosso, C., Rostrup Kruuse, C., Roth, Y., Roukens, R., Roveri, L., Rozanski, D., Rozniecki, J., Rozsa, C., Rudilosso, S., Ruiz Ares, G., Ruiz Franco, A., Rum, G., Ruuskanen, J., Rybinnik, I., Ryota, K., Saarinen, J., Saavedra, V., Sabben, C., Sabet, A., Sagris, D., Sahlas, J., Sakai, N., Salamanca, P., Salgado, P., Salig, S., Salletmayr, T., Salnikov, M., Samoshkina, O., Samson, Y., Sanak, D., Sanchez Ceron, M., Santalucia, P., Santamaria Cadavid, M., Santiago, P., Sanz Cuesta, B., Sargento, J., Sarraj, A., Sas, K., Sas, A., Satoshi, O., Satsoglou, S., Sattar, N., Savitz, S., Savopoulos, C., Saw, J., Sawicka, M., Sawyer, R., Scandura, T., Schillinger, N., Schindler, J., Schlachetzki, F., Schneider, I., Schuppner, R., Schurig, J., Schwarzbach, C. J., Sebejova, M., Seidel, G., Sekaran, L., Selcuk, D., Selvarajah, J., Semerano, A., Semjen, J., Semushina, D., Sen, S., Seok Park, M., Serena, J., Serhat Tokgoz, O., Serles, W., Serrano, F., Sevin, M., Seynaeve, L., Shah, S., Shamalov, N., Shang, T., Sharrief, A., Shazam Hussain, M., Shchukin, I., Shen, W., Shepeleva, E., Shinsuke, I., Shmonin, A., Shuaib, A., Shulga, A., Sibolt, G., Sibon, I., Sicilia, I., Siebert, M., Sieczkowska, E., Sila, C., Silva, A. A., Silva, D., Silva, P., Silva, Y., Silvestrini, M., Simony, Z., Simpkins, A., Singh, B., Sinha, D., Sipos, I., Skoda, O., Skowron, P., Skowronska, M., Sliwinska, B., Slonkova, J., Smolkin, A., Smyth, A., Sobolewski, P., Sobota, A., Sohn, S. I., Soldatov, M., Solganov, I., Soloveva, L., Solovyeva, E., Sonntag, N., Soors, P., Sorgun, M., Soriano, C., Spence, D., Spengos, K., Sposato, L., Staaf, G., Stadler, K., Stakhovskaya, L., Stamatelopoulos, K., Steinert, S., Stetkarova, I., Stiehm, M., Stocker, R., Stoinski, J., Stoll, A., Stotts, G., Stumpp, A., Sucapane, P., Suenaga, T., Sun, X., Sundararajan, S., Sung Kim, J., Suzuki, H., Svaneborg, N., Szasz, G., Szczuchniak, W., Szczyrba, S., Szegedi, N., Szekely, A., Szewczyk, Z., Szilagyi, G., Szlufik, S., Szoboszlai, K., Szpisjak, L., Sztajzel, R., Sztriha, L., Ta Wil, S. E., Taggeselle, J., Takamatsu, K., Takao, M., Taki, W., Takizawa, S., Talahma, M., Tamayo, A., Tan, J., Tanne, D., Tapanainen, A., Tapiola, T., Tarasiuk, J., Tatlisumak, T., Tayal, A., Tcvetkova, S., Teal, P., Tejada Garcia, J., Tejada Meza, H., Tenora, D., Terceno, M., Terentiou, A., Tezcan, S., Thaler, D., Thomson, A., Thouvenot, E., Tiainen, M., Timberg, I., Timsit, S., Tinchon, A., Tirschwell, D., Togay Isikay, C., Tokunaga, K., Tolino, M., Toloza, C., Tomelleri, G., Tomoyuki, K., Tomppo, L. M., Tong, Z., Tong, L., Toni, D., Torres, J., Tossavainen, C., Toth, G., Tountopoulou, A., Touze, E., Tovar, M., Toyoda, K., Trillo, S., Trommer, A., Tropepi, D., Tryambake, D., Tu, H., Tuetuencue, S., Tumova, R., Tumpula, O., Turc, G., Tutaj, A., Tynkkynen, J., Uchiyama, S., Uchwat, U., Uhrinyakova, L., Ulku Acar, R., Uluduz Ugurlu, D., Urra, X., Urui, S., Usero Ruiz, M., Vaclavik, D., Vahedi, K., Valikovics, A., Valpas, J., Van Acker, P., Van Daele, W., Vanderschueren, G., Vanina Jure, L., Varela, R., Varga, Z., Varvat, J., Varvyanskaya, N., Vasco Salgado, A., Vasko, P., Vass, L., Vassilopoulou, S., Vastagh, I., Vazquez, P., Vecsei, L., Venti, M., Verdugo, M., Verocai, V., Veronica Marroquin, M., Veronica Simonsini, C., Veverka, T., Vigl, M., Vila, A., Vilar, C., Villanueva Osorio, J. A., Virta, J., Vitkova, E., Voglsperger, B., Volna, J., Von Weitzel-Mudersbach, P. A., Vora, N., Voznyuk, I., Wach-Klink, A., Wacongne, A., Walters, D., Wang, Y., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wang, X., Wang, W., Wang, N., Wang, D., Wang, H., Warnack, W., Wartenberg, K., Waters, R., Waters, M., Webb, T., Weber, J., Weiss, G., Weissenborn, K., Weitz, J. I., Weller, B., Wen, G., Weng, G., Werner, P., Werring, D., Wester, P., Whiteley, W., Whiting, R., Wijeratne, T., Willems, C., Wilson, L., Wilson, C., Winder, T., Windt, J., Winkler, A., Winska-Tereszkiewicz, A., Wisniewska, A., Wittayer, M., Wlodek, A., Wojnarowska-Arendt, A., Wolf, M., Wolff, V., Wolter, C., Wong, A., Wook Nah, H., Worthmann, H., Wu, W., Wu, S., Wunderlich, S., Wurzinger, H., Wyse, D. G., Xiao, B., Xiaopeng, W., Ximenez-Carrillo, A., Xiong, L., Xiong, Y., Xiong, W., Xu, Y., Xu, J., Xu, Z., Yalo, B., Yamada, T., Yamasaki, M., Yang, L., Yang, Y., Yang, X., Yang, Q., Yang, B., Yang, J., Yasuhiro, I., Yee Lam, M., Yegappan, C., Yip, S., Ylikallio, E., Ylikotila, P., Yongwon Jin, A., Yoon, B. W., Yoshida, Y., Yperzeele, L., Yuan, H., Yuasa, H., Zalewska, J., Zanferrari, C., Zapata, E., Zboznovits, D., Zelenka, I., Zhang, C., Zhang, B., Zhang, S., Zhang, M., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, L., Zhirnova, O., Zhou, L., Zielinska-Turek, J., Zinchenko, I., Ziomek, M., Zitzmann, A., Zweifler, R., Zwiernik, J., Della Marca G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6914-799X), Kasner, S. E., Swaminathan, B., Lavados, P., Sharma, M., Muir, K., Veltkamp, R., Ameriso, S. F., Endres, M., Lutsep, H., Messe, S. R., Spence, J. D., Nedeltechev, K., Perera, K., Santo, G., Olavarria, V., Lindgren, A., Bangdiwala, S., Shoamanesh, A., Berkowitz, S. D., Mundl, H., Connolly, S. J., Hart, R. G., Abdelhamid, N., Abdul Rahman, D., Abdul-Saheb, M., Abreu, P., Abroskina, M., Abu Ahmad, F., Accassat, S., Acciaresi, M., Adami, A., Ahmad, N., Ahmed, F., Alberto Hawkes, M., Alemseged, F., Ali, A., Altavilla, R., Alwis, L., Amarenco, P., Amaro, S., Amaya Sanchez, L. E., Amelia Pinto, A., Amin, H., Amino, T., Amjad, A. K., Anagnostou, E., Andersen, G., Anderson, C., Anderson, D. C., Andrea Falco, M., Andres Mackinnon, F., Andreu, D., Androulakis, M., Angel Gamero, M., Angel Saredo, G., Angeles Diaz, R., Angels Font, M., Anticoli, S., Arauz, A., Arauz Gongora, A. A., Araya, P., Arenillas Lara, J. F., Arias Rivas, S., Arnold, M., Augustin, S., Avelar, W., Azevedo, E., Babikian, V., Bacellar, A., Badalyan, K., Bae, H. J., Baez Martinez, E. M., Bagelmann, H., Bailey, P., Bak, Z., Baker, M., Balazs, A., Baldaranov, D., Balogun, I., Balueva, T., Bankuti, Z., Bar, M., Baranowska, A., Bardutzky, J., Barker Trejo, S., Barlinn, J., Baronnet, F., Barroso, C., Barteys, M., Bartolottiova, T., Barulin, A., Bas, M., Bashir, S., Basile, V., Bathe-Peters, R., Bathula, R., Batista, C., Batur Caglayan, H., Baumgartner, P., Bazan, R., Bazhenova, O., Beaudry, M., Beer, J., Behnam, Y., Beilei, C., Beinlich, A., Bejot, Y., Belkin, A., Benavente, O. R., Benjamin, A., Berardi, V., Bereczki, D., Berlingieri, J., Berrios, W., Berrouschot, J., Bhandari, M., Bhargavah, M., Bicker, H., Bicsak, T., Bilik, M., Bindila, D., Birchenall, J., Birnbaum, L., Black, T., Blacker, D., Blacquiere, D., Blanc-Labarre, C., Blank, C., Blazejewska-Hyzorek, B., Bloch, S., Bodiguel, E., Bogdanov, E., Boos, L., Borcsik, L., Bornstein, N., Bouly, S., Braga, G., Bragado, I., Bravi, M. C., Brokalaki, C., Brola, W., Brouns, R., Bruce, D., Brzoska-Mizgalska, J., Buck, B., Buksinska-Lisik, M., Burke, J., Burn, M., Bustamante, G., Cabrejo, L., Cai, K., Cajaraville, S., Calejo, M., Calvet, D., Campillo, J., Campos Costa, E., Camps, P., Can Alaydin, H., Candeloro, E., Canepa, C., Cantu Brito, C. G., Cappellari, M., Carcel, C., Cardona Portela, P., Cardoso, F., Carek, M., Carletti, M., Carlos Portilla, J., Caruso, P., Casado-Naranjo, I., Castellini, P., Castro, D., Castro Meira, F., Cavallini, A., Cayuela Caudevilla, N., Cenciarelli, S., Cereda, C., Cerrone, P., Chakrabarti, A., Chaloulos-Iakovidis, P., Chamorro, A., Chandrasena, D., Chang, D. I., Che, C., Chembala, J., Chen, J., Chen, Z., Chen, T., Chen, H., Chen, X., Chen, G., Chen, L., Chen, S., Cheripelli, B., Chin, M., Chiquete Anaya, E., Chorazy, M., Christensen, H., Christensen, T., Christian, L., Chu, F., Chung, C. S., Clark, W., Clarke, R., Claverie, S., Clemente Agostoni, E., Clissold, B., Coelho, J., Cohen, D., Colakoglu, S., Collas, D., Condurso, R., Consoli, D., Constantin, C., Constantino Silva, A. B., Contardo, L., Corlobe, A., Correia, M., Correia, C., Cortijo Garcia, E., Coull, B., Coutts, S., Coveney, S., Cras, P., Crols, R., Crozier, S., Csanyi, A., Csiba, L., Csontos, K., Csuha, R., Cui, L., Cunha, L., Curtze, S., Czerska, M., Czlonkowska, A., Czurko, M., Czuryszkiewicz, M., Dagnino, M., Dai, C., Daineko, A., Dalek, G., Damgaard, D., Danese, A., Dani, K., Danku, V., Dario Toledo, W., Davalos, A., De Havenon, A., De Keyser, J., De Klippel, N., De La Torre, J., De Pauw, A., De Smedt, A., De Torres, R., De Vries Basson, M. M., Dearborn, J., Deganutto, R., Degeorgia, M., Deguchi, I., Del Giudice, A., Delcourt, C., Delgado-Mederos, R., Della Marca, Giacomo, Delpont, B., Deltour, S., Demets, D. L., Dennis, M., Desai, J., Devine, J., Dhollander, I., Di Mascio, M. T., Diaconu, M., Diaz Otero, F., Dietzel, J., Diez-Tejedor, E., Ding, N., Ding, J., Diomedi, M., Dioszeghy, P., Distefano, M., Domigo, V., Dorodnicov, E., Dossi, D., Doubal, F., Druzenko, I., Du, P., Du, J., Duman, T., Duodu, Y., Dutta, D., Dylewicz, L., Eckstein, J., Ehrensperger, E., Ehrlich, S., Einer Allende, G., Elena Halac, B., Elyas, S., Engelbrecht, J. M., Engelter, S., Epinat, M., Eren, F., Esbjornsson, M., Escribano, B., Escudero, I., Esisi, B., Essa, B., Esterbauer, M., Evans, N., Eveson, D., Fabio, S., Fang, L., Fanta, S., Fares, M., Fatar, M., Faust, K., Favate, A., Fazekas, F., Federica Denaro, M., Fedin, A., Felipe Amaya, P., Feng, J., Ferencova, K., Fernanda Gilli, M., Fernandez, M. D., Fernandez Pirrone, P. N., Fernandez Vera, J., Ferrari, J., Ferreira, A., Ferreira Junior, G., Fidler, M., Field, D., Field, T., Figueroa, C., Fiksa, J., Filipov, A., Firstenfeld, A., Fisch, L., Fischer, U., Fisselier, M., Fiszer, U., Fluri, F., Fortea, G., Fotherby, K., Fraczek, A., France, E., Freitas, G., Frey, S., Frick, M., Friedman, A., Friedrich, M., Frisullo, G., Fryze, W., Fuentes Gimeno, B., Fujigasaki, H., Fukuyama, K., Furlan, A., Furlanis, G., Furnace, J., Gabriel, M., Gabriel Reich, E., Gagliardi, R. J., Galati, F., Galli Giqueauk, E., Gallina, A., Gallinella, E., Gallo, J., Gangadharan, S., Gao, Y., Garcia Lopez, R., Garcia Pastor, A., Garcia Sanchez, S. M., Garnauf, M., Garnier, P., Gasecki, D., Gasic, K., Gasiorek, K., Gasser, S., Gaugg, M., Gebreyohanns, M., Gebura, K., Geng, J., Geniz Clavijo, M., Georg Haeusler, K., Geran, R., Geremek, M., Gerocs, Z., Ghia, D., Giannandrea, D., Giatsidis, F., Gien Lopez, J. A., Gil Nunez, A., Gimenez, L., Giralt, E., Glabinski, A., Gladstone, D., Gliem, M., Gluszkiewicz, M., Goddeau, R., Gogoleva, E., Gokce, M., Goldemund, D., Golikov, K., Gomes Neto, A., Gomez Schneider, M., Gomez-Choco, M., Gomis, M., Gongora-Rivera, J. F., Gonysheva, Y., Gonzalez, L., Gonzalez Toledo, M. E., Gottschal, M., Gozdzik, I., Grabowski, S., Graf, S., Green, D., Greer, D., Gregorio, T., Greisenegger, S., Greshnova, I., Griebe, M., Grzesik, M., Guan, J., Guarda, S., Gueguen, A., Guidoux, C., Guillermo Povedano, P., Guillon, B., Guiraudg, V., Gunathilagan, G., Guryanova, N., Gusev, V., Gustavo Persi, G., Gutierrez, R., Guyler, P., Gyuker, N., Hachinski, V., Hajas, A., Hallevi, H., Hankey, G., Hankey, G. J., Hanouskova, L., Hao, L., Haraguchi, K., Haralur Sreekantaiah, Y., Haratz, S., Hargroves, D., Harkness, K., Harmel, P., Harrasser, M., Harvey, M., Hasan, R., Hasegawa, Y., Hassan, A., Hattori, M., Hatzitolios, A., Hauk, M., Hayashi, T., Hayhoe, H., Hedna, V. S., Heine, M., Held, V., Hellwig, S., Henkner, J., Henninger, N., Hermans, S., Hernandez, J., Herrero, D., Hervieu-Begue, M., Herzig, R., Hicken, L., Hieber, M., Hill, M., Hirose, M., Hobeanu, M. C., Hobson, B., Hochstetter, M., Hoe Heo, J., Hoffmann, M., Holmstedt, C., Hon, P., Hong, K. S., Honma, Y., Horev, A., Horgan, G., Horvath, L., Horvath, M., Hoyer, C., Huang, D., Huang, H., Huber, B., Huhtakangas, J., Hussain, M., Igarashi, S., Iglesias Mohedano, A. M., Ignacio Tembl, J., Impellizzeri, M., Inanc, Y., Ioli, P., Irina Aniculaesei, A., Ishida, K., Itabashi, R., Iversen, H., Jagolino, A., Jakab, K., Jander, S., Janka, H., Jankovych, J., Jansen, J., Jasek, L., Javier Alet, M., Javor, L., Jin, X., Jing, P., Joachim, B., Joan Macleod, M., Johnson, M., Jose Martin, J., Joyner, C., Judit Szabo, K., Jun-Oconnell, A., Jura, R., Kaczorowska, B., Kadlcikova, J., Kahles, T., Kakaletsis, N., Kakuk, I., Kalinowska, K., Kaminska, K., Kaneko, C., Kanellos, I., Kapeller, P., Kapica-Topczewska, K., Karasz, O., Karlinski, M., Karlsson, J. E., Kasa, K., Kashaeva, E., Kaste, M., Kasza, J., Katalin Iljicsov, A., Katsurayama, M., Kaur, S., Kawanishi, M., Kaygorodtseva, S., Ke, K., Kei, A., Keilitz, J., Kellner, J., Kelly, P., Kelly, S., Kemlink, D., Kerekgyarto, M., Keskinarkaus, I., Khairutdinova, D., Khanna, A., Khaw, A., Kholopov, M., Khoumri, C., Kirpicheva, S., Kirshner, H., Kitagawa, K., Kittner, S., Kivioja, R., Klein, F., Kleindorfer, D., Kleinig, T., Klivenyi, P., Knecht, S., Kobayashi, Y., Kobayashi, A., Koch, M., Koehler, L., Koivu, M., Kolianov, V., Koltsov, I., Kondo, T., Konkov, I., Kopecky, S., Korompoki, E., Korpela, J., Kosarz-Lanczek, K., Koutroubi, A., Kovacs, K., Kovacs, T., Kovacs, H., Kowalczyk, K., Kowalska, M., Krajickova, D., Kral, M., Krarup Hansen, C., Kraska, J., Krebs, S., Krejci, V., Kremer, C., Kreuzpointer, R., Krzyzanowska, M., Kucken, D., Kulakowska, A., Kunzmann, J., Kurenkova, N., Kuris, A., Kurkowska-Jastrzebska, I., Kurtenkova, N., Kurushina, O., Kusnick, G., Kustova, M., Kuwashiro, T., Kwan Cha, J., Lago, A., Lagutenko, M., Lajos, B., Lambeck, J., Lamy, C., Landolfi, A., Lanfranconi, S., Lang, W., Lara Lezama, L. B., Lara Rodriguez, B., Largo, T., Lasek-Bal, A., Latte, L., Lauer, V., Le Bouc, R., Leal Cantu, R., Lechner, H., Lecouturier, K., Leder, S., Lee, J., Lee, B. C., Leger, A., Leira, E., Leisse, I., Leker, R., Lembo, G., Lenskaya, L., Leyden, J., Li, G., Li, M., Li, S., Li, J., Liamis, G., Liang, H., Liang, Z., Ligot, N., Lin, H., Lindert, R., Linna, M., Litwin, T., Liu, K., Liu, X., Llull, L., Lohninger, B., Longoni, M., Loomis, C., Lopes, D., Lopez Fernandez, M., Lopez Garza, N., Lord, A., Louw, S., Lovasz, R., Lowenkopf, T., Lu, Z., Lubke-Detring, S. C., Luder, R., Lujan, S., Luo, B., Lupinogina, L., Luschin, G., Lvova, A., Ly, J., Grosse, G. M., Ma, H., Ma, C., Machado, M., Machado, C., Macher, S., Machetanz, J., Macian-Montoro, F., Mackey, E., Mackey, A., Maclean, G., Maestre-Moreno, J., Magadan, A., Magyar, T., Mahagney, A., Majid, A., Majjhoo, A., Makaritsis, K., Mandzia, J., Mangas Guijarro, M., Mangion, D., Manios, E., Mann, S., Manning, L., Manno, C., Manuel Garcia, J., Maqueda, V., Mar Castellanos, M., Mar Freijo, M., Marando, C., Marcela Lepera, S., Marcos Couto, J., Maria Bruera, G., Maria Greco, L., Maria Lorenzo, A., Maria Obmann, S., Maria Roa, A., Marini, C., Marinkovic, I., Mario Sumay, G., Mario Torres, C., Marko, M., Markova, S., Markus, H., Marsh, R., Marsili, E., Marta Esnaola, M., Marta Moreno, J., Marti-Fabregas, J., Martina Angelocola, S., Martinez Sanchez, P., Martinez-Majander, N., Martins, S., Marzelik, O., Mastrocola, S., Matamala, G., Matoltsy, A., Matosevic, B., Matsumoto, S., Maud, A., Mauri Cabdevila, G., May, Z., Mayasi, Y., Mayr, A., Mazzoli, T., Mcarthur, K., Mccullough, L., Medina Pech, C. E., Medlin, F., Mehdiratta, M., Mehta, S., Mehta, D., Mehta, B., Melis, M., Melnikova, E., Mendez, B., Mendonca, T., Mengual Chirifie, J. J., Menon, N., Mensch, A., Meseguer, E., Messe, S., Metcalf, K., Meyer, N., Michas, F., Micheletti, N., Mikulik, R., Milionis, H., Miller, B., Milling, T., Minelli, C., Minhas, J., Minns, M., Mircea, D., Mishra, S., Mismas, A., Mistri, A., Mitrovic, N., Miyake, H., Modrau, B., Moey, A., Molina, C., Molina, J., Molis, A., Moller, J., Molnar, S., Moniche, F., Monosi, C., Monzani, V., Moonis, M., Morais, R., Morales, L., Morales, A., Morar-Precup, D., Moreton, F., Moro, C., Morozova, E., Morton, M., Morvan, T., Morvan, E., Motko, T., Mowla, A., Mozhejko, E., Muddegowda, G., Mudhar, O., Mueller, T., Muhl, C., Muir, K. W., Munoz, S., Murphy, C., Murphy, S., Murtuzova, A., Musuka, T., Mutzenbach, J., Myint, M., Mysliwy, W., Naccarato, M., Naeije, G., Nagakane, Y., Natarajan, I., Navaratnam, D., Nave, A., Nazliel, B., Nedeltchev, K., Nel, J., Nell, H., Nemeth, R., Nemeth, L., Neto, O., Ng, K., Ngeh, J., Nicolas Chialvo, L., Nieminen, T., Nikkanen, M., Nikl, J., Nikoforova, M., Nishino, S., Nishiyama, Y., Njovane, X., Nogawa, S., Nombela, F., Norrving, B., Nosek, K., Nowak, B., Nowakowska-Sledz, E., Ntaios, G., Numminen, H., Nunez, F., Obadia, M., Oberndorfer, S., Obrezan, A., Ochiai, J., Oczkowski, W., O'Donnell, M. J., Odyniec, A., Oh, K., Ohira, M., Okamoto, Y., Okpala, M., Okubo, S., Olah, L., Oleszek, J., Onat Demirci, N., Ondar, V., Ongun, G., Ooyama, K., Orosz, V., Ortiz, R., Osseby, G., Osterlund-Tauriala, E., Ovesen, C., Ozcekic Demirhan, S., Ozdoba-Rot, J., Ozturk, S., Ozyurt, E., Pablo Grecco, M., Pablo Povedano, G., Paciaroni, M., Padiglioni, C., Pagola, J., Palasik, W., Panczel, G., Panos, L., Papadopoulos, G., Papadopoulou, E., Papagiannis, A., Papavasileiou, V., Papina, M., Pardo De Donlebun, J. R., Parisi, V., Park, J. M., Pasten, J., Patel, N., Pavlik, O., Pawelczyk, M., Peacock, W. F., Pei, H., Peisker, T., Pena Sedna, L. F., Penn, A., Pentek, S., Pepper, E., Pereira, L., Perez, Y., Perez, S., Perez Leguizamon, P., Pernicka, M., Perry, R., Persico, A., Pesant, Y., Peska, S., Peters, D., Peters, G., Pettigrew, L., Phan, T., Philippi, S., Phinney, T., Pico, F., Pidal, A., Piechowski-Jozwiak, B., Pieroni, A., Pineiro, S., Piras, V., Pizova, N., Polanco, J., Polin, M., Polyakov, A., Polychronopoulou, E., Polymeris, A., Popov, D., Poppe, A., Postorino, P., Pozzerese, C., Pradhan, M., Prats, L., Prazdnichkova, E., Prendl, B., Pretorius, M., Profice, P., Prokopenko, S., Pudov, E., Pujol Lereis, V., Punzo Bravo, G., Purroy, F., Qiu, J., Qu, X., Quenardelle, V., Quesada Garcia, H., Radrizzani, L., Radtke, A., Raffelsberger, T., Ramirez Moreno, J. M., Ramos-Estebanez, C., Rani, A., Rapantova, P., Rashed, K., Rasheed Nihara, A., Rasmussen, J., Redondo Robles, L., Reif, M., Reiner, P., Rekova, P., Renu, A., Repetto, M., Reyes, P., Reyes Morales, S., Rha, J. H., Ribeiro, J., Ricci, S., Richard, C., Rigual, R., Rinaldi, C., Riveira Rodriguez, C., Rizzato, B., Robinson, T. G., Rocco, A., Rodrigues, M., Rodriguez, G., Rodriguez Campello, A., Rodriguez Lucci, F., Rodriguez Yanez, M., Roesler, C., Roffe, C., Roine, R., Roine, S., Roldan, A., Romana Pezzella, F., Romano, M., Roos, J. S., Rosso, C., Rostrup Kruuse, C., Roth, Y., Roukens, R., Roveri, L., Rozanski, D., Rozniecki, J., Rozsa, C., Rudilosso, S., Ruiz Ares, G., Ruiz Franco, A., Rum, G., Ruuskanen, J., Rybinnik, I., Ryota, K., Saarinen, J., Saavedra, V., Sabben, C., Sabet, A., Sagris, D., Sahlas, J., Sakai, N., Salamanca, P., Salgado, P., Salig, S., Salletmayr, T., Salnikov, M., Samoshkina, O., Samson, Y., Sanak, D., Sanchez Ceron, M., Santalucia, P., Santamaria Cadavid, M., Santiago, P., Sanz Cuesta, B., Sargento, J., Sarraj, A., Sas, K., Sas, A., Satoshi, O., Satsoglou, S., Sattar, N., Savitz, S., Savopoulos, C., Saw, J., Sawicka, M., Sawyer, R., Scandura, T., Schillinger, N., Schindler, J., Schlachetzki, F., Schneider, I., Schuppner, R., Schurig, J., Schwarzbach, C. J., Sebejova, M., Seidel, G., Sekaran, L., Selcuk, D., Selvarajah, J., Semerano, A., Semjen, J., Semushina, D., Sen, S., Seok Park, M., Serena, J., Serhat Tokgoz, O., Serles, W., Serrano, F., Sevin, M., Seynaeve, L., Shah, S., Shamalov, N., Shang, T., Sharrief, A., Shazam Hussain, M., Shchukin, I., Shen, W., Shepeleva, E., Shinsuke, I., Shmonin, A., Shuaib, A., Shulga, A., Sibolt, G., Sibon, I., Sicilia, I., Siebert, M., Sieczkowska, E., Sila, C., Silva, A. A., Silva, D., Silva, P., Silva, Y., Silvestrini, M., Simony, Z., Simpkins, A., Singh, B., Sinha, D., Sipos, I., Skoda, O., Skowron, P., Skowronska, M., Sliwinska, B., Slonkova, J., Smolkin, A., Smyth, A., Sobolewski, P., Sobota, A., Sohn, S. I., Soldatov, M., Solganov, I., Soloveva, L., Solovyeva, E., Sonntag, N., Soors, P., Sorgun, M., Soriano, C., Spence, D., Spengos, K., Sposato, L., Staaf, G., Stadler, K., Stakhovskaya, L., Stamatelopoulos, K., Steinert, S., Stetkarova, I., Stiehm, M., Stocker, R., Stoinski, J., Stoll, A., Stotts, G., Stumpp, A., Sucapane, P., Suenaga, T., Sun, X., Sundararajan, S., Sung Kim, J., Suzuki, H., Svaneborg, N., Szasz, G., Szczuchniak, W., Szczyrba, S., Szegedi, N., Szekely, A., Szewczyk, Z., Szilagyi, G., Szlufik, S., Szoboszlai, K., Szpisjak, L., Sztajzel, R., Sztriha, L., Ta Wil, S. E., Taggeselle, J., Takamatsu, K., Takao, M., Taki, W., Takizawa, S., Talahma, M., Tamayo, A., Tan, J., Tanne, D., Tapanainen, A., Tapiola, T., Tarasiuk, J., Tatlisumak, T., Tayal, A., Tcvetkova, S., Teal, P., Tejada Garcia, J., Tejada Meza, H., Tenora, D., Terceno, M., Terentiou, A., Tezcan, S., Thaler, D., Thomson, A., Thouvenot, E., Tiainen, M., Timberg, I., Timsit, S., Tinchon, A., Tirschwell, D., Togay Isikay, C., Tokunaga, K., Tolino, M., Toloza, C., Tomelleri, G., Tomoyuki, K., Tomppo, L. M., Tong, Z., Tong, L., Toni, D., Torres, J., Tossavainen, C., Toth, G., Tountopoulou, A., Touze, E., Tovar, M., Toyoda, K., Trillo, S., Trommer, A., Tropepi, D., Tryambake, D., Tu, H., Tuetuencue, S., Tumova, R., Tumpula, O., Turc, G., Tutaj, A., Tynkkynen, J., Uchiyama, S., Uchwat, U., Uhrinyakova, L., Ulku Acar, R., Uluduz Ugurlu, D., Urra, X., Urui, S., Usero Ruiz, M., Vaclavik, D., Vahedi, K., Valikovics, A., Valpas, J., Van Acker, P., Van Daele, W., Vanderschueren, G., Vanina Jure, L., Varela, R., Varga, Z., Varvat, J., Varvyanskaya, N., Vasco Salgado, A., Vasko, P., Vass, L., Vassilopoulou, S., Vastagh, I., Vazquez, P., Vecsei, L., Venti, M., Verdugo, M., Verocai, V., Veronica Marroquin, M., Veronica Simonsini, C., Veverka, T., Vigl, M., Vila, A., Vilar, C., Villanueva Osorio, J. A., Virta, J., Vitkova, E., Voglsperger, B., Volna, J., Von Weitzel-Mudersbach, P. A., Vora, N., Voznyuk, I., Wach-Klink, A., Wacongne, A., Walters, D., Wang, Y., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wang, X., Wang, W., Wang, N., Wang, D., Wang, H., Warnack, W., Wartenberg, K., Waters, R., Waters, M., Webb, T., Weber, J., Weiss, G., Weissenborn, K., Weitz, J. I., Weller, B., Wen, G., Weng, G., Werner, P., Werring, D., Wester, P., Whiteley, W., Whiting, R., Wijeratne, T., Willems, C., Wilson, L., Wilson, C., Winder, T., Windt, J., Winkler, A., Winska-Tereszkiewicz, A., Wisniewska, A., Wittayer, M., Wlodek, A., Wojnarowska-Arendt, A., Wolf, M., Wolff, V., Wolter, C., Wong, A., Wook Nah, H., Worthmann, H., Wu, W., Wu, S., Wunderlich, S., Wurzinger, H., Wyse, D. G., Xiao, B., Xiaopeng, W., Ximenez-Carrillo, A., Xiong, L., Xiong, Y., Xiong, W., Xu, Y., Xu, J., Xu, Z., Yalo, B., Yamada, T., Yamasaki, M., Yang, L., Yang, Y., Yang, X., Yang, Q., Yang, B., Yang, J., Yasuhiro, I., Yee Lam, M., Yegappan, C., Yip, S., Ylikallio, E., Ylikotila, P., Yongwon Jin, A., Yoon, B. W., Yoshida, Y., Yperzeele, L., Yuan, H., Yuasa, H., Zalewska, J., Zanferrari, C., Zapata, E., Zboznovits, D., Zelenka, I., Zhang, C., Zhang, B., Zhang, S., Zhang, M., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, L., Zhirnova, O., Zhou, L., Zielinska-Turek, J., Zinchenko, I., Ziomek, M., Zitzmann, A., Zweifler, R., Zwiernik, J., and Della Marca G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6914-799X)
- Abstract
Background: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a contributor to embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). Subgroup analyses from previous studies suggest that anticoagulation could reduce recurrent stroke compared with antiplatelet therapy. We hypothesised that anticoagulant treatment with rivaroxaban, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, would reduce the risk of recurrent ischaemic stroke compared with aspirin among patients with PFO enrolled in the NAVIGATE ESUS trial. Methods: NAVIGATE ESUS was a double-blinded, randomised, phase 3 trial done at 459 centres in 31 countries that assessed the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban versus aspirin for secondary stroke prevention in patients with ESUS. For this prespecified subgroup analysis, cohorts with and without PFO were defined on the basis of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE). The primary efficacy outcome was time to recurrent ischaemic stroke between treatment groups. The primary safety outcome was major bleeding, according to the criteria of the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. The primary analyses were based on the intention-to-treat population. Additionally, we did a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of studies in which patients with cryptogenic stroke and PFO were randomly assigned to receive anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy. Findings: Between Dec 23, 2014, and Sept 20, 2017, 7213 participants were enrolled and assigned to receive rivaroxaban (n=3609) or aspirin (n=3604). Patients were followed up for a mean of 11 months because of early trial termination. PFO was reported as present in 534 (7·4%) patients on the basis of either TTE or TOE. Patients with PFO assigned to receive aspirin had a recurrent ischaemic stroke rate of 4·8 events per 100 person-years compared with 2·6 events per 100 person-years in those treated with rivaroxaban. Among patients with known PFO, there was insufficient evidence to support a difference in risk o
- Published
- 2018
54. The cultural impact of selected television advertisements within an African community
- Author
-
Neluvhalani, Kanelani Elsie, Louw, S., Neluvhalani, Kanelani Elsie, and Louw, S.
- Abstract
Refer to the document
- Published
- 2018
55. Towards macrostructural representation of sublexical and multilexical lexical iterms in Tshivenda-English bilingual dictionaries
- Author
-
Luvhengo, Shumani Mercy, Mphahlele, M. C., Louw, S., Luvhengo, Shumani Mercy, Mphahlele, M. C., and Louw, S.
- Abstract
Refer to the document, Department of Sports, Arts and Culture
- Published
- 2018
56. Epidemiology for the uninitiated
- Author
-
Louw, S.
- Abstract
No Abstract.
- Published
- 2017
57. Verification of the qLabs international normalized ratio point-of-care device for monitoring of patients attending an anticoagulation clinic
- Author
-
Mbokota, N., primary, Schapkaitz, E., additional, and Louw, S., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
58. Validation of the Mission® PTCoagulation Monitoring point-of-care device for the outpatient management of patients on long-term warfarin therapy
- Author
-
Louw, S., primary, Mayne, E. S., additional, and Wan, Y. O., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
59. Evaluation of the diagnostic utility of individual parameters in the disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) panel for use in underresourced settings
- Author
-
Louw, S. J., primary, Mayne, A. L. H., additional, and Mayne, E. S., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
60. Fungi Associated with Disease and Weevil Damage ofAmaranthus cruentusin South Africa
- Author
-
Vermeulen, M., primary, Louw, S. vdM., additional, Marais, G.J., additional, Weeks, W.J., additional, Swart, W.J., additional, and Gryzenhout, M., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
61. Acquired bleeding disorders
- Author
-
Alli, N, primary, Vaughan, J, additional, Louw, S, additional, Moodly, S, additional, and Patel, M, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
62. Inherited bleeding disorders
- Author
-
Alli, N, primary, Vaughan, J, additional, Louw, S, additional, Schapkaitz, E, additional, and Mahlangu, J, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
63. A bioindicator protocol for sustainable agribusiness in South Africa, using new crops as case studies
- Author
-
Swart, Vaughn Richmond, Louw, S. VdM., Seaman, M. T., Louw, S., Swart, Vaughn Richmond, Louw, S. VdM., Seaman, M. T., and Louw, S.
- Abstract
English: This study is innovative in that it proposes an Index determined by the functional qualities of arthropods and relates a monetary value to these qualities, based on new crop case studies conducted at two contrasting agroecosystem sites in South Africa. The sustainability of an agribusiness depends on the conservation of its biodiversity. The development of a robust methodology that can be used in an Environmental Management System (EMS) is thus necessary by (i) implementing measures of arthropod and general vegetation biodiversity and (ii) incorporating a monetary value to functional diversity, as mechanisms to indicate the degree of disturbance within the agro-ecosystem. The main objectives were to determine the relationship between arthropod diversity indices (species richness, abundance and evenness) and arthropod assemblages; to determine the relationship between the edge effect reaction of arthropods and the resistance and resilience of an agroecosystem; to determine the relationship between agricultural practices (such as pesticides and fertilizers), surrounding vegetation and arthropod richness and abundance; and to determine the relationship between arthropod species richness and abundance, and the proposed AFI (Agroecosystem Function Index), which is based upon the economic value of ecosystem services. Case studies were conducted to pinpoint potential indices of an ecological nature, with specific reference to the diversity indices of arthropods, as part of the methodology. Arthropods were used as an indicator community since they are prevalent, have high species diversity, are easy to sample, are important in ecosystem function, provide early detection of ecological changes and respond to environmental changes faster than vertebrates. The influence of agricultural management practices on this diversity is also taken into consideration. Quantitative and qualitative analysis revealed distinct patterns within the biodiversity at all the locations, re, Afrikaans: Hierdie studie is innoverend deurdat dit ‘n indeks daar stel wat deur die funksionele eienskappe van geleedpotiges bepaal word en ‘n geldwaarde daaraan koppel. Dit is op nuwe gewas gevallestudies wat by twee kontrasterende agroekostelsel studieareas in Suid Afrika uitgevoer is, gebasseer. Die volhoubaarheid van ‘n agribesigheid, hang van die bewaring van die biodiversiteit af. Die ontwikkeling van ‘n robuuste metode wat in ‘n Omgewing Bestuurstelsel gebruik kan word, vereis dat (i) maatstawwe van geleedpotige en algemene plantegroei biodiversiteit geïmplementeer word en dat (ii) ‘n geldwaarde vir funksionele diversiteit geïnkorporeer word, om as meganismes wat die vlak van versteuring binne die ekostelsel aandui, te dien. Die vernaamste doelwitte was om die verhouding tussen geleedpotige diversiteitsindekse (spesiesrykheid, volopheid en gelykheid) en geleedpotige samestelling te bepaal; die verhouding tussen die randeffek reaksie van geleedpotiges en die weerstand en veerkragtigheid van ‘n agroekostelsel te bepaal; die verhouding tussen landboupraktyke (soos plaagdoders en kunsmis), omliggende plantegroei en geleedpotige spesiesrykheid en volopheid te bepaal; en die verhouding tussen die geleedpotige spesiesrykheid en oorvloed, en die voorgestelde Agroekostelsel Funksionering Indeks, wat op die ekonomiese waarde van die ekostelsel dienste gebasseer is, te bepaal. Gevallestudies is uitgevoer om potensiële indekse van ‘n ekologiese aard vas te stel, met spesifieke verwysing na diversiteitsindekse van geleedpotiges, as deel van die metode. Geleedpotiges is as ‘n aanwyser-gemeenskap gebruik aangesien hulle volop voorkom, ‘n hoë spesies-diversiteit het, maklik is om te versamel, belangrik is in ekostelsel funksionering, geleenthede vir vroeë opsporing van ekologiese veranderinge bied en vinniger as gewerweldes op veranderinge in die omgewing reageer. Die invloed van landbou-praktyke op hierdie diversiteit word ook in ag geneem. Kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe an, National Research Foundation (NRF)
- Published
- 2014
64. A pragmatic, phase III, multisite, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-Arm, dose increment randomised trial of regular, low-dose extended-release morphine for chronic breathlessness: Breathlessness, Exertion and Morphine Sulfate (BEAMS) study protocol
- Author
-
Currow, D, Watts, GJ, Johnson, M, McDonald, CF, Miners, JO, Somogyi, AA, Denehy, L, McCaffrey, N, Eckert, DJ, McCloud, P, Louw, S, Lam, L, Greene, A, Fazekas, B, Clark, KC, Fong, K, Agar, MR, Joshi, R, Kilbreath, S, Ferreira, D, Ekström, M, Currow, D, Watts, GJ, Johnson, M, McDonald, CF, Miners, JO, Somogyi, AA, Denehy, L, McCaffrey, N, Eckert, DJ, McCloud, P, Louw, S, Lam, L, Greene, A, Fazekas, B, Clark, KC, Fong, K, Agar, MR, Joshi, R, Kilbreath, S, Ferreira, D, and Ekström, M
- Abstract
Introduction Chronic breathlessness is highly prevalent and distressing to patients and families. No medication is registered for its symptomatic reduction. The strongest evidence is for regular, low-dose, extended-release (ER) oral morphine. A recent large phase III study suggests the subgroup most likely to benefit have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and modified Medical Research Council breathlessness scores of 3 or 4. This protocol is for an adequately powered, parallel-Arm, placebo-controlled, multisite, factorial, block-randomised study evaluating regular ER morphine for chronic breathlessness in people with COPD. Methods and analysis The primary question is what effect regular ER morphine has on worst breathlessness, measured daily on a 0-10 numerical rating scale. Uniquely, the coprimary outcome will use a FitBit to measure habitual physical activity. Secondary questions include safety and, whether upward titration after initial benefit delivers greater net symptom reduction. Substudies include longitudinal driving simulation, sleep, caregiver, health economic and pharmacogenetic studies. Seventeen centres will recruit 171 participants from respiratory and palliative care. The study has five phases including three randomisation phases to increasing doses of ER morphine. All participants will receive placebo or active laxatives as appropriate. Appropriate statistical analysis of primary and secondary outcomes will be used. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval has been obtained. Results of the study will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals, findings presented at relevant conferences and potentially used to inform registration of ER morphine for chronic breathlessness. Trial registration number NCT02720822; Pre-results.
- Published
- 2017
65. The para study: A multi-centre, cross-sectional study of patients treated with caspar-validated psoriatic arthritis in Australia.
- Author
-
Richter S., Louw S., Tymms K., Nicholls D., Nakayama A., Roberts L., Griffiths H., Littlejohn G., Bird P., De Jager J., Zochling J., Richter S., Louw S., Tymms K., Nicholls D., Nakayama A., Roberts L., Griffiths H., Littlejohn G., Bird P., De Jager J., and Zochling J.
- Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the demographic features and clinical pattern of patients treated with confirmed CASPAR criteria with Psoriatic Arthritis in Australia (PARA). Method(s): This was a retrospective non-interventional multi-centre study using the Audit4 clinical audit program, with de-identified and routinely collected clinical data sourced from participating rheumatology practices in the OPAL consortium (Optimising Patient outcomes in Australian rheumatoLogy) across Australia during November 2015. Patients were included if they fulfilled the Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR) as determined by the treating physician. Data available included patient demographics (age and sex), duration of illness (from date of physician diagnosis), subtype of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) as classified by Moll and Wright and CASPAR scores. Result(s): In total, 1097 patients diagnosed with CASPAR-validated PsA were included in the study; 56% female, 44% male (0.7% missing/unassigned). The mean age (+/- standard deviation (SD)]) was 54.5 years (+/-13.1), and the median duration of disease (+/- SD) was 11.6 years (+/-10.0). Among those patients with PsA subtype recorded (n = 662), asymmetric oligoarthritis was the most prevalent at 48% and arthritis mutilans was the least prevalent at 1.1%. Across the total patient cohort, the mean CASPAR total score (+/- SD) was 3.8 (+/-0.9). Of those patients with CASPAR component scores recorded for dactylitis (n = 833), psoriasis (n = 1082) and nail dystrophy (n = 889), 62.5%, 82.2% and 88.9% of patients were currently symptomatic for these criteria respectively. Conclusion(s): Cross-sectional assessment of this Australian cohort of patients with CASPAR-validated PsA demonstrates a demographic profile and clinical pattern aligned with the known epidemiology of PsA. This study underscores the prevalence of the extra-articular manifestations of PsA. Further understanding of PsA in Australia will benefit from continued characterisation o
- Published
- 2017
66. Correlation between rivaroxaban (Xarelto) plasma activity, patient clinical variables and outcomes in a South African centre
- Author
-
Louw, S, Saragas, N P, Ferrao, P N, Chirwa, T F, and Jacobson, B F
- Abstract
BACKGROUND. Low-molecular-weight heparin and vitamin K antagonists such as warfarin are the gold standard for prohylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolic disease (VTED). Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) result in predictable anticoagulation with significantly reduced inter- and intra-patient variability. DOAC absorption is rapid, with a short half-life and relatively few drug interactions. DOACs are effective and safe at fixed doses without activity monitoring. However, specific situations may require assessment of accurate drug activity. Rivaroxaban, a DOAC targeting activated coagulation factor X (FXa), is registered for the prevention and treatment of VTED in South Africa. OBJECTIVES. To establish a prophylactic rivaroxaban activity level range and determine any associations with clinical complications, viz. haemorrhage and/or thrombosis. METHODS. Samples from 115 orthopaedic patients were tested 3 hours after a prophylactic oral dose of 10 mg rivaroxaban with STAGO rivaroxaban anti-FXa reagent on an automated coagulation analyser. Patient demographics and clinical outcomes were documented. RESULTS. The mean rivaroxaban anti-FXa level was 105.7 ng/mL. Two patients developed adverse events on therapy. One patient had minor bleeding (menorrhagia) (drug activity level 288.7 ng/mL) and another a deep-vein thrombosis (drug activity level 34.7 ng/mL). Statistical analysis demonstrated an association between drug activity and advancing age (p=0.008), most apparent among those aged >65 years. CONCLUSIONS. Measuring rivaroxaban activity levels may reduce uncertainty if treatment failure and complications occur. Patients aged >65 years should be closely monitored. A local expected rivaroxaban activity level for patients on rivaroxaban prophylaxis has been established.
- Published
- 2016
67. Status update and interim results from the asymptomatic carotid surgery trial-2 (ACST-2)
- Author
-
Bulbulia, R, Gray, W, Naughten, A, den Hartog, A, Delmestri, A, Wallis, C, le Conte, S, Macdonald, S, Radak, D, Nessi, F, Torsello, G, Hendriks, J, Bjorses, K, Davidovic, L, Tusini, N, Gillgren, P, Casana, R, Tolva, V, Bausback, Y, Mehrzad, A, Gottsäter, A, Esisi, B, Cras, P, Hendriks, Jm, Lauwers, P, Hertoghs, M, Van Schil, P, De Jaegher, L, Peeters, P, Verbist, J, Dendooven, D, De Letter, J, Vanhooren, G, Astarci, P, Capron, I, Choghari, C, Hammer, F, Lacroix, V, Peeters, A, Verhelst, R, Bosiers, M, De Meester, K, Deloose, K, Van Buggenhout, E, Vinck, E, Geenens, M, Hemelsoet, D, Van Herzeele, I, Vermassen, F, De Koster, G, Desiron, Q, Maertens de Noordhout, A, Malmendier, D, Massoz, M, Saad, G, Cirelli, S, Dormal, P, Lerut, P, Thues, E, Coutts, S, Demchuk, A, Hill, M, Hudon, M, Klein, G, Mcclelland, M, Morrish, W, Samis, G, Sutherland, G, Watson, T, Wong, J, Liu, B, Liu, Cw, Barankova, L, Chlouba, V, Fiedler, J, Priban, V, Sterba, L, Kalabova, L, Kriz, Z, Krupa, P, Privara, M, Reif, M, Souckova, L, Staffa, R, Vlachovsky, R, Vojtisek, B, Hrbac, T, Kuliha, M, Prochazka, V, Roubec, M, Skoloudik, D, Abd Allah, F, Eldessoki, Mh, Kassem, Hh, Gharieb, Hs, Cardon, Jm, Le Gallou Wittenberg, A, Allaire, E, Becquemin, Jp, Cochennec, F, Desgranges, P, Hosseini, H, Kobeiter, H, Marzelle, J, Bergeron, P, Padovani, R, Trastour, Jc, Biermaier, B, Gissler, Hm, Klotzsch, C, Pfeiffer, T, Schneider, R, Soehl, L, Wennrih, M, Botsios, S, Branzan, D, Braunlich, S, Holzer, H, Lenzer, J, Reichenbecher, C, Piorkowski, C, Schuster, J, Scheinert, D, Schmidt, A, Ulrich, M, Werner, M, Coster, A, Engelhardt, A, Ratusinski, Cm, Berekoven, B, Frerker, K, Gordon, V, Bellenis, I, Polydorou, A, Polydorou, V, Tavernarakis, A, Ioannou, N, Terzoudi, M, Chatzinikou, E, Giannoukas, A, Hadjigeorgiou, G, Koutsias, S, Ralli, S, Rousas, N, Nemes, B, Jàrànyi, Z, Szabo, A, Varga, D, Barzo, P, Bodosi, M, Fako, E, Fulop, B, Kuncz, A, Nagy, E, Nemeth, T, Pazdernyik, S, Skoba, K, Voros, E, Haider, Sn, Harbison, J, Madhavan, P, Moore, D, Beyar, R, Hoffman, A, Karram, T, Kerner, A, Nikolsky, E, Nitecki, S, Amatucci, G, Vittorio, P, Frederico, Marinazzo, D, Regina, G, Giaquinta, A, Patti, F, Veroux, M, Veroux, P, Adobbati, L, Bertoni, G, Bianchi, P, Cireni, L, Martello, L, Arcuri, L, Casoni, F, Coppi, G, Moratto, R, Veronesi, J, Bajardi, G, Savettieri, G, Corbetta, R, Odero, A, Quaretti, P, Thyrion, Z, Cao, P, Caso, V, Derango, P, Farchioni, L, Parlani, G, Malferrari, G, Strozzi, F, Vecchiati, E, Biello, Antonella, Capoccia, Laura, Menna, Danilo, Rizzo, ANNA RITA, Sbarigia, Enrico, Speziale, Francesco, Toni, D, Giovanni, M, Meola, G, Nano, G, Occiuto, Mt, Stegher, S, Tealdi, D, Accrocca, F, Ambrogi, C, Barbazza, R, Marcucci, G, Cappelli, A, de Donato, G, Palasciano, G, Pieragalli, D, Setacci, C, Settaci, F, Labate, C, Ferrero, E, Ferri, M, Viazzo, A, Castelli, P, Delodovici, Ml, Ferrario, M, Piffaretti, G, Tomei, G, Furui, E, Inoue, T, Kondo, R, Matsumoto, Y, Shimizu, H, Aidashova, B, Kospanov, N, Lyssenko, R, Mussagaliev, D, De Borst GJ, Den Hartog AG, Lo, R, Moll, F, Toorop, R, Van Der Worp HB, Vonken, Ej, Bakke, S, Krohg Sorensen, K, Skjelland, M, Andziak, P, Drelichowski, S, Dratwicki, M, Gil, R, Iwanowski, W, Koncewicz, K, Nowicki, M, Pniewski, J, Rzezak, J, Seweryniak, P, Bialek, P, Biejat, Z, Czepel, W, Czlonkowska, A, Dowzenko, A, Jedzrejewska, J, Kobayashi, A, Leszezyuski, J, Malek, A, Polanski, J, Proczka, R, Skorski, M, Szostek, M, Aleksic, N, Babic, S, Kolar, J, Sagic, D, Tanaskovic, S, Colic, M, Jovanovic, D, Koncar, I, Bartko, D, Beno, P, Rusnak, F, Zelenak, K, Gasparini, M, Grad, A, Kompara, I, Milosevic, Z, Flis, V, Matela, J, Miksic, K, Milotic, F, Mrdja, B, Stirn, B, Tetickovic, E, Chamorro, A, Obach, V, Riambau, V, Roman, S, Blanco, E, Izquierdo, Ay, Guerra, M, Campbell, E, Lindgren, H, Nyberg, J, Plate, G, Parsson, H, Qvarfordt, P, Acosta, S, Brandt, K, Dias, N, Gottsater, A, Holst, J, Kristmundsson, T, Kuhme, T, Kolbel, T, Lindblad, B, Lindh, M, Malina, M, Ohrlander, T, Resch, T, Rönnle, V, Sonesson, B, Warvsten, M, Zdanowski, Z, Bengt, B, Delle, M, Formgren, J, Jarl, L, Kall, Tb, Konrad, P, Nyman, N, Skioldebrand, C, Steuer, J, Takolander, R, Ahlhelm, Fj, Bonati, L, Engelter, Ss, Eugster, T, Gensicke, H, Lyrer, P, Mariani, L, Stierli, P, Stippich, C, Wolff, T, Brown, E, Butler, N, Day, Dj, Hayes, P, Higgins, N, Jumilla, E, Martin, P, Mitchell, J, Varty, K, Birt, A, Davies, P, George, J, Graham, A, Jonker, L, Joseph, T, Kelsall, N, Potts, C, Wilson, T, Davey, P, Hayman, R, Tervitt, G, Abdul Hamiq, A, Bryce, J, Chetter, I, Ettles, D, Lakshminarayan, R, Mitchelsonm, K, Rhymes, C, Robinson, G, Scott, P, Vickers, A, Baht, H, Balogun, I, Burger, I, Cowie, L, Gunathilagan, G, Hargroves, D, Insall, R, Jones, S, Rudenko, H, Senaratne, J, Thomas, G, Thomson, A, Enevoldson, P, Nahser, H, O'Brian, I, Torella, F, Watling, D, White, R, Clifton, A, Eley, C, Khanom, N, O'Reilly, J, Pereira, A, Bicknell, C, Cheshire, N, Gibbs, R, Hamady, M, James, A, Jenkins, M, Lacey, A, Mireskandari, M, Sachs, T, Wolfe, J, Hardy, D, Justin, F, Phiri, L, Sekaran, L, Sethuraman, S, Tate, L, Akyea Mensah, J, Chrisopoulou, A, Smyth, Jv, Nichol, I, Parry, A, Young, G, Clarke, M, Davis, M, Dixit, A, Dyker, A, Ford, G, Jackson, R, Kappadath, S, Lambert, D, Lees, T, Louw, S, Parr, N, Stansby, G, Wales, L, Wealleans, V, Wilson, L, Wyatt, M, Dorman, P, Hughes, A, Jones, D, Mendelow, Ad, Rodgers, H, Macsweeney, S, Mcconachie, N, Southam, A, Sunman, W, Briley, D, Darby, C, Handa, A, Hands, L, Kuker, W, Michael, K, Perkins, J, Schulz, U, Smith, D, Teal, R, Donnelly, M, D'Souza, S, Asehosem Egun, A, Gregory, B, Kelly, C, Punekar, S, Raj, S, Seriki, D, Thomson, G, Beard, J, Cleveland, T, Humphreys, J, Jenkins, A, King, C, Lonsdale, R, Nair, R, Nawaz, S, Okhuoya, F, Turner, D, Venables, G, Brown, J, Durairajan, R, Guyler, P, Harman, P, Jakeways, M, Khuoge, C, Kundu, A, Loganathan, T, Sinha, D, Thompson, V, Tysoe, S, Barer, Brown, A, Crawford, S, Dunlop, P, Majmudar, Mitchell, D, O'Brien, O'Connell, Scott, Vetrivel, S, Ashleigh, R, Butterfield, S, Gamble, G, Ghosh, J, Mccollum, C, Welch, M, Welsh, S, Kazan, V, Nazzal, M, Ramsey Williams, V, Halliday, A, Davies, C, Peto, R, Gray, A, Mihaylova, B, Potter, J, Flather, M, Mansfield, A, Farrell, B, Rahimi, K, Simpson, D, Thomas, D, Gough, M, Rothwell, P, Giles, M, Leopold, P, Belli, A, Sandercock, P, Gray, R, Shearman, C, Molyneux, A, Hayter, E, Lay, M, Munday, A, Young, A, Delmestri, A., Halliday, A, Bulbulia, R, Gray, W, Naughten, A, den Hartog, A, Delmestri, A, Wallis, C, le Conte, S, Macdonald, S, Tolva, V, Cras, Patrick, Hendriks, Jeroen, Lauwers, Patrick, van Schil, Paul, ACST-2 Collaborative Group, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IREC/CARD - Pôle de recherche cardiovasculaire, UCL - SSS/IREC/IMAG - Pôle d'imagerie médicale, UCL - (SLuc) Service de chirurgie cardiovasculaire et thoracique, UCL - (SLuc) Service de radiologie, and UCL - (SLuc) Service de neurologie
- Subjects
Male ,Time Factors ,Carotid artery stenosis ,Carotid artery stenting ,Carotid endarterectomy ,Randomized controlled trial ,Stroke ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Myocardial Infarction ,Severity of Illness Index ,law.invention ,law ,Risk Factors ,MED/22 - CHIRURGIA VASCOLARE ,Carotid Stenosis ,Endarterectomy ,Endarterectomy, Carotid ,Middle Aged ,Treatment Outcome ,Female ,Stents ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Aged ,Angioplasty ,Asymptomatic Diseases ,Cardiovascular Agents ,Humans ,Patient Selection ,Risk Assessment ,Asymptomatic ,medicine ,Carotid ,business.industry ,Vascular surgery ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Cardiovascular agent ,Human medicine ,business - Abstract
Objectives: ACST-2 is currently the largest trial ever conducted to compare carotid artery stenting (CAS) with carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in patients with severe asymptomatic carotid stenosis requiring revascularization. Methods: Patients are entered into ACST-2 when revascularization is felt to be clearly indicated, when CEA and CAS are both possible, but where there is substantial uncertainty as to which is most appropriate. Trial surgeons and interventionalists are expected to use their usual techniques and CE-approved devices. We report baseline characteristics and blinded combined interim results for 30-day mortality and major morbidity for 986 patients in the ongoing trial up to September 2012. Results: A total of 986 patients (687 men, 299 women), mean age 68.7 years (SD ± 8.1) were randomized equally to CEA or CAS. Most (96%) had ipsilateral stenosis of 70-99% (median 80%) with contralateral stenoses of 50-99% in 30% and contralateral occlusion in 8%. Patients were on appropriate medical treatment. For 691 patients undergoing intervention with at least 1-month follow-up and Rankin scoring at 6 months for any stroke, the overall serious cardiovascular event rate of periprocedural (within 30 days) disabling stroke, fatal myocardial infarction, and death at 30 days was 1.0%. Conclusions: Early ACST-2 results suggest contemporary carotid intervention for asymptomatic stenosis has a low risk of serious morbidity and mortality, on par with other recent trials. The trial continues to recruit, to monitor periprocedural events and all types of stroke, aiming to randomize up to 5,000 patients to determine any differential outcomes between interventions. Clinical trial: ISRCTN21144362. © 2013 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2016
68. Über einen Sprachatlas für Afrikaans
- Author
-
Louw, S. A.
- Published
- 1960
69. Validation of the CoaguChek XS international normalised ratio point-of-care analyser in patients at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, South Africa
- Author
-
Benade, E L, Jacobson, B F, Louw, S, and Schapkaitz, E
- Subjects
heterocyclic compounds ,cardiovascular diseases - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Measurement of the international normalised ratio (INR) is essential in the management of patients on long-term warfarin therapy. The CoaguChek XS portable coagulometer is a point-of-care test for INR measurement. It offers the advantage of improved patient accessibility, particularly in peripheral clinics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical utility of the CoaguChek XS for monitoring of patients on standard warfarin therapy (INR 2 - 3) as well as those with mechanical heart valve replacements (INR 2.5 - 3.5). METHODS:We compared the performance of the CoaguChek XS device with that of the STAGO laboratory analyser with regard to accuracy and precision in 304 patients referred for routine testing. RESULTS: The mean INR value of the CoaguChek XS of 2.75 (standard deviation (SD) 1.18) was comparable to that of the STAGO (2.65 (SD 1.04)). The Bland-Altman difference plot revealed good agreement. Bias between the two methods was small, and the imprecision was within acceptable limits. Within the target range (2.0 - 3.5), 93.9% of the CoaguChek XS INR readings were within 0.5 units of the standard laboratory method result. There was, however, an increase in the variability of the differences between the two test methods when the INR was >3.6. CONCLUSION: The CoaguChek XS point-of-care device can be used to provide accurate and precise INR measurements over a wide range for monitoring of valvular and non-valvular patients on long-term warfarin therapy.
- Published
- 2016
70. A retrospective non-interventional multi-centre study evaluating treatment regimens used in psoriatic arthritis patients in Australia-the PSA real study.
- Author
-
De Jager J., Zochling J., Richter S., Louw S., Tymms K., Griffiths H., Littlejohn G., Bird P., Roberts L., Nicholls D., Nakayama A., De Jager J., Zochling J., Richter S., Louw S., Tymms K., Griffiths H., Littlejohn G., Bird P., Roberts L., Nicholls D., and Nakayama A.
- Abstract
Background: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a spondyloarthritis spectrum disease with prominent involvement of skin and joints. The management of PsA patients is often complex and there is no uniformity across the medical profession. The majority of PsA studies have been prospective clinical trials involving a homogenous and restricted patient population. This may not reflect real clinical practice where patients have co-morbidities and other clinical characteristics that preclude them from participating in clinical trials. Objective(s): To provide a cross sectional analysis of disease activity and management of PsA patients in the Australian population. Method(s): This was a retrospective non-interventional multi-centre study using the Audit4 clinical audit program, with de-identified and routinely collected clinical data sourced from participating rheumatology practices in the OPAL consortium (Optimising Patient outcomes in Australian rheumatoLogy) across Australia during November 20151. Data collected included baseline characteristics, prevalence and duration of cDMARD and bDMARD treatments, DAS28-CRP results, and reasons for stopping therapy. Result(s): A total of 3422 clinician diagnosed PsA patients were included in this study: 60% were female, mean age 54 years (+/-14) and mean disease duration 10 years (+/-9). Of patients with a valid treatment record (n=2948), 46% were on cDMARD monotherapy, 19% on bDMARD monotherapy, 13% on combination bDMARD and cDMARD therapy, 11% on combination cDMARD therapy and 10% were on no DMARDs. Of those with DAS28 CRP results (n=494), the highest mean DAS 28 CRP was 3.32 (+/-1.57) on combination cDMARD therapy, and the lowest DAS 28 CRP was 2.19 (+/-0.89) on bDMARD monotherapy. The most common reasons for cessation of cDMARD monotherapy was adverse reactions (41%), for bDMARD monotherapy lack of efficacy (26%) and combination bDMARD and cDMARD therapy either completed treatment or drug no longer required (37%). Conclusion(s): Cross
- Published
- 2016
71. Mesofaunal assemblages in soils of selected crops under diverse cultivation practices in central South Africa, with notes on collembola occurrence and interactions
- Author
-
Badenhorst, Hannelene, Louw, S. vd M., Badenhorst, Hannelene, and Louw, S. vd M.
- Abstract
English: Soil is a complex medium, comprised of both biotic and abiotic components. Interactions between these components are responsible for the beneficial services provided within different ecosystems. The biotic component, which is also referred to as the active role players in the soil, is responsible for these services. The incidence of these organisms is influenced by the abiotic factors, which act as filtering mechanisms that select for certain species to occur within certain areas. Considering an ever-increasing human population, these services could prove beneficial, since it could improve crop yields at minimal cost without exploiting the soil resource. Many farmers are now changing their farming methods to more sustainable and conservation focused practices to try and reduce the disruption of soil community structures and to optimize the complexity and resilience of these communities. Disturbances lower the complexity of soil communities and therefore limit the services that could be provided. This study focused on the fluctuations in diversity of selected role players within the soil medium due to the presence of certain agricultural practices and environmental changes. Sampling for this project was conducted at six localities in the Free State Province between 2011 and 2014. Three of the localities are located in the Nama Karoo Biome and the other three in the Grassland Biome. The farms Vaaldam, Koppieskraal, Thornberry and Klein Brittanje were selected due to the diversity of agricultural practices and management strategies applied. The rest of the localities were the Paradys Experimental Farm, which is the experimental farm of the University of the Free State, where a pesticide trial was conducted and the farm Eureka, which was exposed to pollutants from a goldmine tailings dam. The variation in events and the general environment posed the perfect opportunity to observe and evaluate fluctuations in the diversity of the selected faunal groups within th, Afrikaans: Grond is ‘n komplekse medium wat uit beide biotiese en abiotiese komponente saamgestel is. Inteaksies tussen hierdie komponente is verantwoordelik vir die voordelige dienste wat in verskillende ekostelsels verskaf word. Die biotiese komponent, wat ook na verwys word as die aktiewe rolspelers in die grond, is verantwoordelik vir hierdie dienste. Die voorkoms van hierdie organismes word beïnvloed deur die abiotiese faktore wat dien as filtreeringsmeganismes wat verantwoordelik is vir die voorkoms van sekere spesies in sekere gebiede. Met verwysing na die groeiende menslike bevolking kan hierdie dienste as voordeel aangewend word omdat dit obrengste kan verhoog met minimale insetkostes, sonder om die grond uit te buit. Baie boere is in die proses om hul boerdery metodes te verander na ‘n meer volhoubare sisteem, met bewaring as uitgangspunt deurdat die versteuring in gondstrukture geminimaliseer word om optimale kompleksiteit en weerstand van grondgemeenskappe te verseker. Versteurings verlaag die kompleksiteit van grondgemeenskappe wat tot gevolg het dat die dienste wat hierdie gemeenskappe bied ingekort word. Hierdie studie fokus op die fluktuasies in diversiteit van geselekteerde rolspelers binne die grondmedium aan die hand van die teenwoordigheid van sekere landboupraktyke en omgewingsveranderlikes. Grondmonsters vir hierdie projek was by ses lokaliteite in die Vrystaat tussen 2011 en 2014 versamel. Drie van hierdie lokaliteite is in die Nama-Karoo Bioom en die ander drie is in die Grasveld Bioom. Die plase Vaaldam, Koppieskraal, Thornberry en Klein Brittanje was geselekteer weens die diverse landboupraktyke en bestuursstrategieë wat daar gevolg is. Die ander lokaliteite was die Paradys Proefplaas van die Universiteit van die Vrystaat, waar ‘n proef met plaagdoders uitgevoer is en die plaas Eureka wat aan besoedeling van ‘n naby geleë goudmynslikdam blootgestel was. Die variasie in grondbestuurpraktyke en die algemene omgewing het die ideale geleentheid
- Published
- 2016
72. Influence of GM crops, aromatic crops, allelopathy and litter decomposition on species assemblages of meso-arthropods in cultivated soils of the Free State Province, South Africa
- Author
-
Smith, Jehane, Louw, S. vd M., Smith, Jehane, and Louw, S. vd M.
- Abstract
English: Integrated methods in land use and land management are needed, in addition to traditional agricultural practices, to provide an increasing human population with the necessary food security. By conserving soil organisms in crop agro-ecosystems, farmers can in essence be practicing sustainable conservation agriculture, where soil biodiversity is responsible for soil health. Potential toxic plants, whether natural (allelopathic) or anthropogenic (GMOs), cause a concern regarding this biodiversity in agro-ecosystems. Maize that has been genetically engineered using the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), known as Bt maize, expresses the synthetically modified Cry1Ab, Cry1F, Cry1A.105 or Cry2Ab2 proteins that are toxic to some insects. The impact of Bt-maize on non-target soil organisms is an important aspect in soil health and agricultural sustainability. The same goes for allelopathic crops, which can influence other crops in their immediate vicinity or in succeeding seasons. The aims of this study were to determine the possible effects of GMOs (Bt-maize), allelopathic crops (alfalfa and sunflower) and aromatic crops (onion) on soil meso-arthropod assemblages. A trial on humus decomposition rates and the potential occurrence of a Home field advantage (HFA) of decomposing litter was also conducted, the relevance being that decomposition is the driver of soil organic matter (SOM) production which enriches soil and, in turn, benefits soil organisms. Soil samples were taken at the roots of the plants in the porosphere where the plant interacts directly with its environment. To extract soil mesofauna, the Tullgren extraction method was used. Samples were collected from the following localities in the Free State: Bainsvlei area (maize, onion, and decomposition samples on the farm Geluk), Bainsvlei area (alfalfa and decomposition samples on the farm Maranatha), Bloemdal area (maize – on the farms Karee Laagte and Feather Stone) and Petrusburg area (sunflower, Afrikaans: Geïntegreerde metodes in die gebruik van land en grondbestuur word, tesame met tradisionele landboupraktyke, benodig om 'n toenemende menslike bevolking met die nodige voedselsekuritiet te voorsien. Deur die bewaring van grond biodiversiteit in gewas agro-ekostelsels kan boere volhoubare landbou-bewaring toepas, en sodoende die grond organismes wat verantwoordelik is vir grondgesondheid bewaar. Potensiële giftige plante, of dit nou natuurlik (allelopatiese) of antropogenies (GMOs) is, veroorsaak kommer oor biodiversiteit in agro-ekostelsels. Mielies wat geneties gemanipuleer is, met behulp van Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), staan bekend as Bt-mielies en stel die sinteties veranderde Cry1Ab, Cry1F, Cry1A.105 of Cry2Ab2 proteien vry wat toksies is vir sekere insekte. Die impak van Bt-mielies op nie-teiken grondorganismes is 'n belangrike aspek in grond gesondheid en volhoubare landbou. Dieselfde geld vir die allelopatiese gewasse wat ander plante rondom hulle, of in daaropvolgende seisoene kan beïnvloed. Die doelwitte van hierdie studie was om die moontlike gevolge van GMO (Bt-mielies), allelopatiese (lusern en sonneblomme) en aromatiese gewasse (uie) op grond meso-geleedpotiges te bepaal. ‘n Proef op die ontbindingstempos en die moontlike voorkoms van 'n tuisveldvoordeel vir ontbindende humus is ook uitgevoer om die ontbindingsproses as drywer van organiese materiaal produksie in grond te beklemtoon. Die proses verryk grond en bevoordeel vervolgens grondorganismes. Grondmonsters is by die wortels van die plante in die porosfeer, waar die plant in direkte kontak met sy omgewing is, geneem. Mesofauna is met behulp van die Tullgren ekstraksie tegniek ge-ekstraeer. Monsters is op die volgende lokaliteite in die Vrystaat versamel: Bainsvlei area (mielies, uie, en ontbinding materiaal op die plaas Geluk), Bainsvlei area (lusern en ontbinding materiaal op die plaas Maranatha), Bloemdal omgewing (mielies op die plase Karee Laagte en Feather Stone) en Petrusburg area, Strategic Academic Cluster, University of the Free State
- Published
- 2016
73. Correlation between rivaroxaban (Xarelto) plasma activity, patient clinical variables and outcomes in a South African centre
- Author
-
Louw, S, primary, Saragas, N P, additional, Ferrao, P N, additional, Chirwa, T F, additional, and Jacobson, B F, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
74. Early warning system for the black maize beetle (Heteronychus arator Fabricius) in a major maize producing region of South Africa
- Author
-
De Klerk, Nicolene, Louw, S. vd. M., Van Rensburg, J. B. J., De Klerk, Nicolene, Louw, S. vd. M., and Van Rensburg, J. B. J.
- Abstract
English: Black maize beetle (Heteronychus arator Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is economically the most important coleopteran pest that attacks the subterranean part of maize seedlings in South Africa. The sporadic nature of black maize beetle outbreaks led to the need for developing an early warning system. This required improved knowledge on the ecology of this pest. Black maize beetles are nocturnal and are attracted to artificial light. Ninety nine modified Robinson light traps were placed in quarter degree grids (30km x 30km) throughout the eastern part of the maize production area. Weekly captures for three consecutive months from February of every year were preserved in 70% alcohol and counted. The flight pattern of H. arator was in this way monitored for 11 consecutive years. Some captured beetles were placed in breeding containers to harvest eggs for ecological studies. L1-larvae with visible blackened hind guts were placed singly into 7cm diameter pots prefilled with varying organic matter concentrations (10% intervals) for both Avalon and Hutton soil forms. Other L1-larvae were also subjected to varying moisture concentrations (10% intervals) in both soil forms (Hutton and Avalon) premixed with 50% organic matter. Data were recorded and analysed. Spatial variation indicated that black maize beetles in most years are limited to a small area (540 000ha) located on the borders of the Free State, Mpumalanga and Gauteng provinces. The long term temporal variation indicated that epidemic outbreaks recur in the same area with 32 year intervals. The next expected outbreak will be during 2041. Short term temporal variation indicated that populations tend to recur at five year intervals but with varying intensities. Through the use of monthly weather variables as well as black maize beetle captures of the previous year (February to end April) a prediction model was developed. This prediction model was able to explain 62.93% of the number of black maize beet, Afrikaans: Swartmieliekewer (Heteronychus arator Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is ekonomies die belangrikste kewerplaag wat die ondergrondse dele van mieliesaailinge in Suid Afrika aanval. Die sporadiese aard van swartmieliekewer uitbraak het die ontwikkeling van ‘n tydige waarskuwing stelsel genoodsaak. Om dit te kon doen moes ‘n deeglike ekologiese studie van die plaag gedoen word. Swartmieliekewers vlieg gedurende die nag en word daarom deur kunsmatige lig aangelok. Nege-en-negentig gemodifiseerde Robinson ligvalle was in kwart graad blokke (30km x 30km) geplaas dwarsdeur die oostelike deel van die mielieproduksie area. Weeklikse vangste vir drie aaneenlopende maande vanaf Februarie van elke jaar was gepreserveer in 70% alkohol en getel. Die vlugpatroon van H. arator was op hierdie wyse vir 11 agtereenvolgende jare gemonitor. Data was aangeteken en geanaliseer. Sommige gevangde kewers was in broeihouers geplaas om eiers te oes vir die ekologiese studie. L1-larwes met sigbaar verdonkerde agterlywe was enkel in 7cm deursnee potte wat vooraf gevul was met variëerende organiese inhoud konsentrasies (10% intervalle) vir beide Avalon en Hutton grondvorms geplaas. Ander L1-larwes was ook blootgestel aan variëerende vog konsentrasies (10% intervalle) in beide grondvorms (Hutton en Avalon) wat voorafgemeng was met 50% organiese materiaal. Ruimtelike variasie het aangetoon dat swartmieliekewers in meeste jare beperk was tot ‘n klein area (540 000ha) wat voorkom op die grense van die Vrystaat, Mpumalanga en Gauteng provinsies. Die langtermyn temporale variasie van swartmieliekewer populasies het getoon dat epidemiese uitbrake in dieselfde area uitbreek met 32 jaar intervalle. Die volgende verwagte uitbraak sal gedurende 2041 wees. Korttermyn temporale variasie het aangetoon dat populasietoenames met vyf jaar intervalle voorkom, maar met verskillende intensiteite. Deur die gebruik van maandelikse weersveranderlikes asook swartmieliekewer vangstes van die vorige jaar, Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Maize Trust
- Published
- 2015
75. Fungi associated with disease and weevil damage of Amaranthus cruentus in South Africa.
- Author
-
Vermeulen, M., Louw, S. vdM., Marais, G. J., Weeks, W. J., Swart, W. J., and Gryzenhout, M.
- Subjects
- *
FUNGAL diseases of plants , *GRANARY weevil , *AMARANTHS , *AGRICULTURE , *AGRICULTURAL surveys - Abstract
Agronomic trials were conducted in central SouthAfrica to establish Amaranthus cruentus as a commercial grain crop. Knowledge of potential pest- and pathogen-related problems that might arise during cultivation is essential for future industry development. Previous studies linked fungi belonging to the genera Fusarium and Alternaria with weevil damage of leafy amaranth (A. hybridus). The aim of the present study was to conduct a disease survey to identify possible fungal association with weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and weevil damage in A. cruentus fields at Potchefstroom and Taung in the North-West Province, South Africa. Isolations were made from lesion margins, larval galleries of the weevil Hypolixus haerens, and stem lesions associated with the weevils Athesapeuta dodonis and Baris amaranthi. Weevil larvae associated with lesions as well as adults collected from plants in amaranth plots were euthanased and plated out onto fungal growth media. Fungi arising from the weevils were purified and identified to genus level based on morphology. Alternaria was predominantly isolated from leaf spots in contrast to Fusarium species that were isolated from root rot, cankered roots and stems. Fusarium species were by a considerable margin the dominant group associated with weevil damage and stem lesions, as well as larval tunnels, larval bodies and free living adults. Species of Cladosporium and Alternaria were also isolated from adult weevils with significant consistency. Other less dominant fungi isolated from adult weevils and larval tunnels included species of Aspergillus, Epicoccum, Humicola, Mucor, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichoderma. It is evident that Fusarium and Alternaria are the genera that host the most important and potentially dominant fungal pathogen taxa linked with grain amaranth disease symptoms and associated weevil pests. As such they will have to be investigated further in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
76. Inherited bleeding disorders.
- Author
-
Alli, N., Vaughan, J., Louw, S., Schapkaitz, E., and Mahlangu, J.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
77. Indikatore vir 'n maatskaplikewerk-intervensieplan vir straatkinders
- Author
-
Louw, S and Reyneke, R.P
- Subjects
programindikatore ,ecological perspective ,Maatskaplike werk ,support systems ,kwantitatiewe navorsing ,program indicators ,transaksies en verwantskappe ,transactions and relationships ,losses ,kwalitatiewe navorsing ,Social work ,ondersteuningsisteme ,ekologiese perspektief ,straatkinders ,street children ,inter ven sieplan ,verliese ,intervention plan ,qualitative research ,quantitative research - Abstract
Die artikel beskou die straatkindverskynsel vanuit 'n ekologiese perspektief ten einde indika tore daar te stel wat vir 'n intervensieplan met straatkinders belangrik is. Die ekologie se raam werk bied 'n holistiese en sistemiese perspektief wat die totaliteit van die straat kind in ag neem aangesien die verskynsel op die mikro-, meso-, ekso- en makro vlak bestudeer word. Die indikatore vir die intervensieplan wat daargestel word, is dus omvattend ten op sigte van elke aspek van die straatkind se leefwêreld. Die artikel beskryf die konseptuele raamwerk van die studie, sowel as die kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe ondersoeke waarby ses straatkinders en tien organisasies wat dienste aan straatkinders lewer, betrek is. Daarna word die geïdentifiseerde indikatore vir 'n intervensieplan uiteengesit en aanbevelings gemaak oor hoe dit in die praktyk geïmplementeer kan word. Daar word tot die gevolgtrekking geraak dat die grootste behoeftes ten opsigte van die mikrosisteem die behoef tes van versorging, genesing, bou van verhoudinge en ont wikkeling van die straatkind is. Die mesovlak word gekenmerk deur die sterk behoefte van die straatkind om te behoort. Hier speel die gesin/familie, skool, opleiding en die portuurgroep 'n belangrike rol in die kind se ontwikkeling. Die straatkind se grootste behoeftes op die eksovlak is dié van hoop en ontwikkeling, terwyl die makrosisteem die funksie van beskerming asook ontwikkeling het. ABSTRACT This article examines the street child phenomenon from an ecological perspective in order to obtain indicators which are important for an intervention plan for street children. The eco logical perspective is utilised as a framework for the investigation since it provides a complete holistic and systematic framework and does not proceed in a linear dimension of merely cause and effect. The advantage of this perspective is that the street child can be considered holistically and that a comp rehensive intervention plan, including every aspect of the child, could be compiled. The literature study focused on four different levels of the ecological perspective, namely the micro, meso, exo and macro-levels, although a detailed discussion of these levels is not included in this article. The empirical investigation exploited quantitative and qualitative research methods. Organisations currently delivering services to street children completed questionnaires that focused on the content of their particular programs. These programs were evaluated against the background of the conceptual framework. Only 21.3% of the organisations returned their responses. The researchers undertook six case studies using qualitative research. In order to ensure that these children were not traumatised through the process of gathering information for the case studies, measures were put in place to provide sufficient support to the participants. Approval for the study was also acquired. The micro-system is based on physiological aspects, cognition, social and emotional aspects, and personality. The street child has usually been exposed to severe trauma and losses. The child is deprived of "normal" family life and interventions are required in order to provide the child with care, healing, development of self, and the building of relationships. In the meso-system, the systems closest to the street child are included, viz. the family, school, and peer group. In this system, it was found that the children had suffered many losses. In particular, there are no family structures in the world of the street child. The school, an important system for the development of the child and for training her/him for the labour market, does not play a role because the street children do not attend school. The peer group has taken over this important role in the child's bonding and support on the street. It was found that the child should receive specific interventions which will stimulate his/her feeling of belonging and will also address education as well as the development of life skills. Regarding the exo-system, specific attention was given to the community, the public, the police services, health, social services, religious institutions, business, and habitat. It was found that this system does not provide sufficient support to the street child. A support system should thus be created as part of the intervention in order to stimulate and support the child's development. The macro-system is, for the purpose of this study, represented by legislation/policies, culture, politics, and religion. In South Africa, the macro-system is directed towards the protection and development of structures and policy with respect to children. The execution of this policy is hampered by deficient manpower and finances. The macro-system must be applied in such a manner that the street child is protected and her/his development facilitated. When analysing the final product it can be concluded that the intervention with the street child ren should be handled by a specialist team, as well as by members of the community. In the micro-system, the interventions should be directed specifically at the micro-system, i.e. care, healing, bond ing with other systems, and the development of the child. Regarding the meso-system, focus should be on development of the feeling of belonging, training, and further develop ment of life skills. Regarding the exo-system, the interventions should be handled by means of a multidisciplinary team as well as community members and resources, all directed to support. The development of the support system will then contribute to creating hope in the child. In the macrosystem the intervention is directed at safeguarding the street child and developing systems and policies which would be advantageous to the street child. The ecological perspective offers a comprehensive framework within which the street child may be treated holistically.
- Published
- 2011
78. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial
- Author
-
Ederle, J., Dobson, J., Featherstone, R. L., Bonati, L. H., Worp, H. B., Borst, G. J., Lo, T. H., Gaines, P., Dorman, P. J., Macdonald, S., Lyrer, P. A., Hendriks, J. M., Mccollum, C., Nederkoorn, P. J., Brown, M. M., Algra, A., Bamford, J., Beard, J., Bland, M., Bradbury, A. W., Clifton, A., Hacke, W., Halliday, A., Malik, I., Mas, J. L., Mcguire, A. J., Sidhu, P., Venables, G., Bradbury, A., Collins, R., Molynewc, A., Naylor, R., Warlow, C., Ferro, J. M., Thomas, D., Coward, L., Featherstone, R. F., Tindall, H., Mccabe, D. J. H., Wallis, A., Brooks, M., Chambers, B., Chan, A., Chu, P., Clark, D., Dewey, H., Donnan, G., Fell, G., Hoare, M., Molan, M., Roberts, A., Roberts, N., Beiles, B., Bladin, C., Clifford, C., Grigg, M., New, G., Bell, R., Bower, S., Chong, W., Holt, M., Saunder, A., Than, P. G., Gett, S., Leggett, D., Mcgahan, T., Quinn, J., Ray, M., Wong, A., Woodruff, P., Foreman, R., Schultz, D., Scroop, R., Stanley, B., Allard, B., Atkinson, N., Cambell, W., Davies, S., Field, P., Milne, P., Mitchell, P., Tress, B., Yan, B., Beasley, A., Dunbabin, D., Stary, D., Walker, S., Cras, P., D Archambeau, O., Hendriks, J. M. H., Schil, P., Bosiers, M., Deloose, K., Buggenhout, E., Letter, J., Devos, V., Ghekiere, J., Vanhooren, G., Astarci, P., Hammer, F., Lacroix, V., Peters, A., Verhelst, R., Dejaegher, L., Peeters, A., Verbist, J., Blair, J. F., Caron, J. L., Daneault, M., Giroux, M. F., Guilbert, F., Lanthier, S., Lebrun, L. H., Oliva, V., Raymond, J., Roy, D., Soulez, G., Weill, A., Hill, M., Hu, W., Hudion, M., Morrish, W., Sutherland, G., Wong, J., Alback, A., Harno, H., Ijas, P., Kaste, M., Lepantalo, M., Mustanoja, S., Paananen, T., Porras, M., Puutala, J., Railo, M., Sairanen, T., Soinne, L., Vehmas, A., Vikatmaa, P., Goertler, M., Halloul, Z., Skalej, M., Brennan, P., Kelly, C., Leahy, A., Moroney, J., Thornton, J., Koelemay, M. J. W., Reekers, J. A. A., Roos, Y. B. W. E. M., Koudstaal, P. J., Pattynama, P. M. T., Lugt, A., Dijk, L. C., Sambeek, L. R. H. M., Urk, H., Verhargen, H. J. M., Bruininckx, C. M. A., Bruijn, S. F., Keunen, R., Knippenberg, B., Mosch, A., Treurniet, F., Dijk, L., Overhagen, H., Wever, J., Beer, F. C., Den Berg, J. S. P., Hasselt, B. A. A. M., Zeilstra, D. J., Boiten, J., Otterloo, J. C. A. D., Vries, A. C., Nieholt, G. J. L. A., Kallen, B. F. W., Blankensteijn, J. D., Leeuw, F. E., Kool, L. J. S., Vliet, J. A., Kort, G. A. P., Kapelle, L. J., Mali, W. P. T. M., Moll, F., Verhagen, H., Barber, P. A., Bourchier, R., Hill, A., Holden, A., Stewart, J., Bakke, S. J., Krohg-Sorensen, K., Skjelland, M., Tennoe, B., Bialek, P., Biejat, Z., Czepiel, W., Czlonkowska, A., Dowzenko, A., Jedrzejewska, J., Kobayashi, A., Lelek, M., Polanski, J., Kirbis, J., Milosevic, Z., Zvan, B., Vasco, J., Blasco, J., Chamorro, A., Macho, J., Obach, V., Riambau, V., San Roman, L., Branera, J., Canovas, D., Estela, J., Gaibar, A. G., Perendreu, J., Bjorses, K., Gottsater, A., Ivancev, K., Maetzsch, T., Sonesson, B., Berg, B., Delle, M., Formgren, J., Gillgren, P., Kall, T. B., Konrad, P., Nyman, N., Takolander, R., Andersson, T., Malmstedt, A., Soderman, M., Wahlgren, C., Wahlgren, N., Binaghi, S., Hirt, L., Michel, P., Ruchat, P., Engelter, S. T., Fluri, F., Guerke, L., Jacob, A. L., Kirsch, E., Radue, E. W., Stierli, P., Wasner, M., Wetznel, S., Bonvin, C., Kalangos, A., Lovblad, K., Murith, N., Ruefenacht, D., Sztajzel, R., Higgins, N., Kirkpatrick, P. J., Martin, P., Adam, D., Bell, J., Crowe, P., Gannon, M., Henderson, M. J., Sandler, D., Shinton, R. A., Scriven, J. M., Wilmink, T., D Souza, S., Egun, A., Guta, R., Punekar, S., Seriki, D. M., Thomson, G., Brennan, A., Enevoldson, T. P., Gilling-Smith, G., Gould, D. A., Harris, P. L., Mcwilliams, R. G., Nasser, H. C., White, R., Prakash, K. G., Serracino-Inglott, F., Subramanian, G., Smyth, J. V., Walker, M. G., Clarke, M., Davis, M., Dixit, S. A., Dolman, P., Dyker, A., Ford, G., Golkar, A., Jackson, R., Jayakrishnan, V., Lambert, D., Lees, T., Louw, S., Mendelow, A. D., Rodgers, H., Rose, J., Stansby, G., Wyatt, M., Baker, T., Baldwin, N., Jones, L., Mitchell, D., Munro, E., Thornton, M., Baker, D., Davis, N., Hamilton, G., Mccabe, D., Platts, A., Tibballs, J., Cleveland, T., Dodd, D., Lonsdale, R., Nair, R., Nassef, A., Nawaz, S., Belli, A., Cloud, G., Markus, H., Mcfarland, R., Morgan, R., Pereira, A., Thompson, A., Chataway, J., Cheshire, N., Gibbs, R., Hammady, M., Jenkins, M., Wolfe, J., Adiseshiah, M., Bishop, C., Brew, S., Brookes, J., Jager, R., Kitchen, N., Ashleigh, R., Butterfield, S., Gamble, G. E., Nasim, A., O Neill, P., Edwards, R. D., Lees, K. R., Mackay, A. J., Moss, J., Rogers, P., Developmental Genetics, International Carotid Stenting Study, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Neurology, Surgery, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and ANS - Amsterdam Neuroscience
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,SURGERY ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Carotid endarterectomy ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Neuroinformatics [DCN 3] ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Angioplasty ,medicine ,Humans ,Carotid Stenosis ,cardiovascular diseases ,ANGIOPLASTY ,Stroke ,Endarterectomy ,Aged ,Endarterectomy, Carotid ,Intention-to-treat analysis ,Cardiovascular diseases [NCEBP 14] ,business.industry ,Stent ,General Medicine ,Interim analysis ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Surgery ,Female ,Stents ,Human medicine ,Carotid stenting ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Angioplasty, Balloon - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 88112.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) BACKGROUND: Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy. METHODS: The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470. FINDINGS: The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4.0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3.2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% CI 0.77-2.11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8.5% in the stenting group compared with 5.2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1.69, 1.16-2.45, p=0.006). Risks of any stroke (65 vs 35 events; HR 1.92, 1.27-2.89) and all-cause death (19 vs seven events; HR 2.76, 1.16-6.56) were higher in the stenting group than in the endarterectomy group. Three procedural myocardial infarctions were recorded in the stenting group, all of which were fatal, compared with four, all non-fatal, in the endarterectomy group. There was one event of cranial nerve palsy in the stenting group compared with 45 in the endarterectomy group. There were also fewer haematomas of any severity in the stenting group than in the endarterectomy group (31 vs 50 events; p=0.0197). INTERPRETATION: Completion of long-term follow-up is needed to establish the efficacy of carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy. In the meantime, carotid endarterectomy should remain the treatment of choice for patients suitable for surgery. FUNDING: Medical Research Council, the Stroke Association, Sanofi-Synthelabo, European Union.
- Published
- 2010
79. In Two Minds: A Casebook of Psychiatric Ethics D. Dickenson
- Author
-
Louw, S.
- Published
- 2003
80. Systematics of the shoot fly subgenus atherigona s. str. (diptera: muscidae) of South Africa
- Author
-
Muller, Burgert Smith, Louw, S. vdM., Miller, R. M., Muller, Burgert Smith, Louw, S. vdM., and Miller, R. M.
- Abstract
English: Atherigona Rondani, 1856, is considered one of the most speciose genera of Muscidae, with 131 species presently known from the Afrotropical Region. The genus has been studied by numerous taxonomists since the 1800s, with some species having been described as part of Anthomyia Meigen, 1803 and Coenosia Meigen 1826. Historically it was placed as part of the Coenosiinae due to the presence of some similar diagnostic characters. It was later provisionally placed in the Phaoniinae, as a separate tribe Atherigonini, on the basis of its many autapomorphies. The unique morphology of its puparial form and affinities of the larvae to the Reinwardtiinae (= Azeliinae: Reinwardtiini) have further warranted it being placed in its own separate subfamily, Atherigoninae. Its two subgenera can easily be distinguished, with males of Atherigona s. str. having a trifoliate process and in most cases also a hypopygial prominence, and females a pair of anterior plates on tergite 8. These structures are absent from the other subgenus Acritochaeta Grimshaw, 1901. Over the past 188 years 39 papers have been published dealing with shoot fly species occurring in the Afrotropical Region in which 125 new species of Atherigona s. str. have been described, 43 of which are included in the present study (Chapter 2). Not much is known of South African species in terms of taxonomy and distribution, as most species described from the country were included in past revisions by happenstance. This phenomenon is the main justification for the present study. Species of Atherigona s. str. are known to occur on graminaceous plants, such as certain crops, i.e. sorghum, wheat, millet and barley, as well as wild grasses. Due to the wide distribution of their host plants, the flies obviously also have a wide distribution and have been recorded throughout most of Africa (Chapter 3), and in many parts of the world where graminaceous crops are grown. Whilst the majority of species are not considered pests, s, Afrikaans: Atherigona Rondani, 1856 word beskou as een van die mees spesie-ryke genera binne die Muscidae, met 131 spesies huidiglik opgeteken as afkomstig vanaf die Afrotropiese streek. Die genus is al deur menige taksonome sedert die agtienhonderds bestudeer, met sommige spesies wat binne die genera Anthomyia Meigen, 1803 en Coenosia Meigen, 1826 beskryf is. Atherigona het oorspronklik deel uitgemaak van die Coenosiinae, hoofsaaklik as gevolg van ooreenkomste in verband met sekere kenmerkende eienskappe. Dit is later voorlopig in die Phaoniinae as ‘n aparte tribus, tewete Atherigonini, op grond van sy menige outapomorfieë geplaas. Die unieke morfologie van die papie-stadium, asook die larwale verwantskappe met die van die Reinwardtiini (Azeliinae), het die plasing van Atherigona in sy eie subfamilie, Atherigoninae, geregverdig. Twee subgenera kan binne die genus onderskei word. Die manlike eksemplare van Atherigona s. str. het ‘n drie-loof proses, sowel as a hypopygiale uitsteeksel in meeste spesies, terwyl die wyfies ‘n paar anterieure plate op tergiet 8 besit. Acritochaeta Grimshaw, 1901, besit egter geen van die voorafgenoemde kenmerke nie. Oor die afgelope 188 jaar is 39 artikels met betrekking tot die stamvlieg spesies wat in die Afrotropiese streek voorkom, gepubliseer, waarin 125 nuwe Atherigona s. str. spesies beskryf word. Drie-en-veertig van die voorafgenoemde spesies word gedurende die huidige studie behandel (Hoofstuk 2). Bittermin inligting is beskikbaar rakende die taksonomie en verspreiding van Suid-Afrikaanse spesies, aangesien die meerderheid van spesies wat beskryf was toevallig deel uitgemaak het van die voorafgenoemde hersienings. Spesies wat tot Atherigona s. str. behoort is bekend daarvoor dat hulle grasagtige gewasse, tewete sorghum, koring, manna en gars, asook wilde grasse as gashere kan benut. Ingevolge die wye verspreiding van hul gashere, is stamvlieë net so wyd verspreid. As sulks kom stamvlieë dus omtrent regoor die hele Afrika kontin
- Published
- 2014
81. Venous thromboembolism: prophylactic and therapeutic practice guideline
- Author
-
Jacobson, B. F., Louw, S., Mer, M., Haas, S., Büller, H. R., Abdul-Carim, A. T. O., Adler, D., Beaton, A., Jong, P. R., Jagt, D., Levy, B., Pearl, J., elise schapkaitz, and Wessels, P.
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pharmacological prophylactic anticoagulation in many countries, including South Africa, is under-prescribed, which unfortunately results in unacceptable morbidity and mortality in a substantial number of patients. METHOD: The Southern African Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis reviewed the available literature as well as guidelines from other societies. Specialties represented on the committees included anaesthetics, cardiology, clinical haematology, critical care, gynaecology, haematopathology, internal medicine, neurology, orthopaedic surgery, pulmonology and vascular surgery. A draft document was produced, which was revised by consensus agreement. To avoid local bias, the guidelines were adjudicated by recognised independent international external experts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A concise, practical guideline for thrombo-prophylaxis and treatment in medical and surgical patients has been produced for South African conditions. These guidelines will hopefully lead to improved anticoagulation practice in this country, which we believe will directly benefit patient outcomes.
- Published
- 2009
82. The utility of thrombo-elastography in the monitoring of aspirin therapy
- Author
-
Mayne, E, Jacobson, B, Louw, S, Bernstein, P, and Mayne, A
- Abstract
To assess the utility of the thrombo-elastogram in monitoring of aspirin therapy 25 healthy volunteers were selected and given low-dose aspirin therapy. Thrombo-elastography and platelet aggregometry were conducted at baseline and 1 week later. After 1 week of aspirin therapy, thrombo-elastogram data failed to demonstrate a significant change in the clotting profile. Platelet aggregometry identified significant changes in the clotting profile in response to stimulation with arachidonic acid, adrenaline and ADP. We conclude that thrombo-elastography may not have utility in monitoring of response to aspirin. South African Medical Journal Vol. 97 (12) 2007: pp.1289-1291
- Published
- 2008
83. Teacher Trainers' Beliefs About Feedback on Teaching Practice: Negotiating the Tensions Between Authoritativeness and Dialogic Space
- Author
-
Louw, S., primary, Watson Todd, R., additional, and Jimarkon, P., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
84. In Two Minds: A Casebook of Psychiatric Ethics
- Author
-
Louw, S
- Subjects
Book Review - Published
- 2003
85. Haptic curvature thresholds over agamut of scales
- Author
-
Kappers, A.M.L., Louw, S., and Koenderink, J.J.
- Subjects
Natuur- en Sterrenkunde - Published
- 1999
86. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial.
- Author
-
Giroux M.-F., Prakash K.G., Serracino-Inglott F., Subramanian G., Symth J.V., Walker M.G., Clarke M., Davis M., Dixit S.A., Dorman P., Dyker A., Ford G., Golkar A., Jackson R., Jayakrishnan V., Lambert D., Lees T., Louw S., Mendelow A.D., Rodgers H., Rose J., Stansby G., Wyatt M., Baker T., Baldwin N., Jones L., Mitchell D., Munro E., Thornton M., Baker D., Davis N., Hamilton G., Platts A., Tibballs J., Beard J., Cleveland T., Dodd D., Gaines P., Lonsdale R., Nair R., Nassef A., Nawaz S., Venables G., Belli A., Clifton A., Cloud G., Halliday A., Markus H., McFarland R., Morgan R., Pereira A., Thompson A., Chataway J., Cheshire N., Gibbs R., Hammady M., Jenkins M., Malik I., Wolfe J., Adiseshiah M., Bishop C., Brew S., Brookes J., Jager R., Kitchen N., Ashleigh R., Butterfield S., Gamble G.E., Nasim A., O'Neill P., Wong J., Edwards R.D., Lees K.R., MacKay A.J., Moss J., Rogers P., Ederle J., Dobson J., Featherstone R.L., Bonati L.H., van der Worp H.B., de Borst G.J., Hauw Lo T., Dorman P.J., Macdonald S., Lyrer P.A., McCollum C., Nederkoorn P.J., Brown M.M., Algra A., Bamford J., Bland M., Hacke W., Mas J.L., McGuire A.J., Sidhu P., Bradbury A., Collins R., Molyneux A., Naylor R., Warlow C., Ferro M., Thomas D., Featherstone R.F., Tindall H., McCabe D., Wallis A., Coward L., Brooks M., Chambers B., Chan A., Chu P., Clark D., Dewey H., Donnan G., Fell G., Hoare M., Molan M., Roberts A., Roberts N., Beiles B., Bladin C., Clifford C., Grigg M., New G., Bell R., Bower S., Chong W., Holt M., Saunder A., Than P.G., Gett S., Leggett D., McGahan T., Quinn J., Ray M., Wong A., Woodruff P., Foreman R., Schultz D., Scroop R., Stanley B., Allard B., Atkinson N., Cambell W., Davies S., Field P., Milne P., Mitchell P., Tress B., Yan B., Beasley A., Dunbabin D., Stary D., Walker S., Cras P., d'Archambeau O., Hendriks J.M.H., Van Schil P., Bosiers M., Deloose K., van Buggenhout E., De Letter J., Devos V., Ghekiere J., Vanhooren G., Astarci P., Hammer F., Lacroix V., Verhelst R., DeJaegher L., Peeters A., Verbist J., Blair J.-F., Caron J.L., Daneault N., Guilbert F., Lanthier S., Lebrun L.-H., Oliva V., Raymond J., Roy D., Soulez G., Weill A., Hill M., Hu W., Hudion M., Morrish W., Sutherland G., Alback A., Harno H., Ijas P., Kaste M., Lepantalo M., Mustanoja S., Paananen T., Porras M., Putaala J., Railo M., Sairanen T., Soinne L., Vehmas A., Vikatmaa P., Goertler M., Halloul Z., Skalej M., Brennan P., Kelly C., Leahy A., Moroney J., Thornton J., Koelemay M.J.W., Reekers J.A.A., Roos Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks J.M., Koudstaal P.J., Pattynama P.M.T., van der Lugt A., van Dijk L.C., van Sambeek M.R.H.M., van Urk H., Verhagen H.J.M., Bruijninckx C.M.A., de Bruijn S.F., Keunen R., Knippenberg B., Mosch A., Treurniet F., van Dijk L., van Overhagen H., Wever J., de Beer F.C., van den Berg J.S.P., van Hasselt B.A.A.M., Zeilstra D.J., Boiten J., de Mol van Otterloo J.C.A., de Vries A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt G.J., van der Kallen B.F.W., Blankensteijn J.D., De Leeuw F.E., Schultze Kool L.J., van der Vliet J.A., de Kort G.A.P., Kapelle L.J., Lo T.H., Mali W.P.T.M., Moll F., Verhagen H., Barber P.A., Bourchier R., Hill A., Holden A., Stewart J., Bakke S.J., Krohg-Sorensen K., Skjelland M., Tennoe B., Bialek P., Biejat Z., Czepiel W., Czlonkowska A., Dowzenko A., Jedrzejewska J., Kobayashi A., Lelek M., Polanski J., Kirbis J., Milosevic Z., Zvan B., Blasco J., Chamorro A., Macho J., Obach V., Riambau V., San Roman L., Branera J., Canovas D., Estela J., Gimenez Gaibar A., Perendreu J., Bjorses K., Gottsater A., Ivancev K., Maetzsch T., Sonesson B., Berg B., Delle M., Formgren J., Gillgren P., Kall T.-B., Konrad P., Nyman N., Takolander R., Andersson T., Malmstedt J., Soderman M., Wahlgren C., Wahlgren N., Binaghi S., Hirt L., Michel P., Ruchat P., Engelter S.T., Fluri F., Guerke L., Jacob A.L., Kirsch E., Radue E.-W., Stierli P., Wasner M., Wetzel S., Bonvin C., Kalangos A., Lovblad K., Murith N., Ruefenacht D., Sztajzel R., Higgins N., Kirkpatrick P.J., Martin P., Adam D., Bell J., Bradbury A.W., Crowe P., Gannon M., Henderson M.J., Sandler D., Shinton R.A., Scriven J.M., Wilmink T., D'Souza S., Egun A., Guta R., Punekar S., Seriki D.M., Thomson G., Brennan J.A., Enevoldson T.P., Gilling-Smith G., Gould D.A., Harris P.L., McWilliams R.G., Nasser H.-C., White R., Giroux M.-F., Prakash K.G., Serracino-Inglott F., Subramanian G., Symth J.V., Walker M.G., Clarke M., Davis M., Dixit S.A., Dorman P., Dyker A., Ford G., Golkar A., Jackson R., Jayakrishnan V., Lambert D., Lees T., Louw S., Mendelow A.D., Rodgers H., Rose J., Stansby G., Wyatt M., Baker T., Baldwin N., Jones L., Mitchell D., Munro E., Thornton M., Baker D., Davis N., Hamilton G., Platts A., Tibballs J., Beard J., Cleveland T., Dodd D., Gaines P., Lonsdale R., Nair R., Nassef A., Nawaz S., Venables G., Belli A., Clifton A., Cloud G., Halliday A., Markus H., McFarland R., Morgan R., Pereira A., Thompson A., Chataway J., Cheshire N., Gibbs R., Hammady M., Jenkins M., Malik I., Wolfe J., Adiseshiah M., Bishop C., Brew S., Brookes J., Jager R., Kitchen N., Ashleigh R., Butterfield S., Gamble G.E., Nasim A., O'Neill P., Wong J., Edwards R.D., Lees K.R., MacKay A.J., Moss J., Rogers P., Ederle J., Dobson J., Featherstone R.L., Bonati L.H., van der Worp H.B., de Borst G.J., Hauw Lo T., Dorman P.J., Macdonald S., Lyrer P.A., McCollum C., Nederkoorn P.J., Brown M.M., Algra A., Bamford J., Bland M., Hacke W., Mas J.L., McGuire A.J., Sidhu P., Bradbury A., Collins R., Molyneux A., Naylor R., Warlow C., Ferro M., Thomas D., Featherstone R.F., Tindall H., McCabe D., Wallis A., Coward L., Brooks M., Chambers B., Chan A., Chu P., Clark D., Dewey H., Donnan G., Fell G., Hoare M., Molan M., Roberts A., Roberts N., Beiles B., Bladin C., Clifford C., Grigg M., New G., Bell R., Bower S., Chong W., Holt M., Saunder A., Than P.G., Gett S., Leggett D., McGahan T., Quinn J., Ray M., Wong A., Woodruff P., Foreman R., Schultz D., Scroop R., Stanley B., Allard B., Atkinson N., Cambell W., Davies S., Field P., Milne P., Mitchell P., Tress B., Yan B., Beasley A., Dunbabin D., Stary D., Walker S., Cras P., d'Archambeau O., Hendriks J.M.H., Van Schil P., Bosiers M., Deloose K., van Buggenhout E., De Letter J., Devos V., Ghekiere J., Vanhooren G., Astarci P., Hammer F., Lacroix V., Verhelst R., DeJaegher L., Peeters A., Verbist J., Blair J.-F., Caron J.L., Daneault N., Guilbert F., Lanthier S., Lebrun L.-H., Oliva V., Raymond J., Roy D., Soulez G., Weill A., Hill M., Hu W., Hudion M., Morrish W., Sutherland G., Alback A., Harno H., Ijas P., Kaste M., Lepantalo M., Mustanoja S., Paananen T., Porras M., Putaala J., Railo M., Sairanen T., Soinne L., Vehmas A., Vikatmaa P., Goertler M., Halloul Z., Skalej M., Brennan P., Kelly C., Leahy A., Moroney J., Thornton J., Koelemay M.J.W., Reekers J.A.A., Roos Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks J.M., Koudstaal P.J., Pattynama P.M.T., van der Lugt A., van Dijk L.C., van Sambeek M.R.H.M., van Urk H., Verhagen H.J.M., Bruijninckx C.M.A., de Bruijn S.F., Keunen R., Knippenberg B., Mosch A., Treurniet F., van Dijk L., van Overhagen H., Wever J., de Beer F.C., van den Berg J.S.P., van Hasselt B.A.A.M., Zeilstra D.J., Boiten J., de Mol van Otterloo J.C.A., de Vries A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt G.J., van der Kallen B.F.W., Blankensteijn J.D., De Leeuw F.E., Schultze Kool L.J., van der Vliet J.A., de Kort G.A.P., Kapelle L.J., Lo T.H., Mali W.P.T.M., Moll F., Verhagen H., Barber P.A., Bourchier R., Hill A., Holden A., Stewart J., Bakke S.J., Krohg-Sorensen K., Skjelland M., Tennoe B., Bialek P., Biejat Z., Czepiel W., Czlonkowska A., Dowzenko A., Jedrzejewska J., Kobayashi A., Lelek M., Polanski J., Kirbis J., Milosevic Z., Zvan B., Blasco J., Chamorro A., Macho J., Obach V., Riambau V., San Roman L., Branera J., Canovas D., Estela J., Gimenez Gaibar A., Perendreu J., Bjorses K., Gottsater A., Ivancev K., Maetzsch T., Sonesson B., Berg B., Delle M., Formgren J., Gillgren P., Kall T.-B., Konrad P., Nyman N., Takolander R., Andersson T., Malmstedt J., Soderman M., Wahlgren C., Wahlgren N., Binaghi S., Hirt L., Michel P., Ruchat P., Engelter S.T., Fluri F., Guerke L., Jacob A.L., Kirsch E., Radue E.-W., Stierli P., Wasner M., Wetzel S., Bonvin C., Kalangos A., Lovblad K., Murith N., Ruefenacht D., Sztajzel R., Higgins N., Kirkpatrick P.J., Martin P., Adam D., Bell J., Bradbury A.W., Crowe P., Gannon M., Henderson M.J., Sandler D., Shinton R.A., Scriven J.M., Wilmink T., D'Souza S., Egun A., Guta R., Punekar S., Seriki D.M., Thomson G., Brennan J.A., Enevoldson T.P., Gilling-Smith G., Gould D.A., Harris P.L., McWilliams R.G., Nasser H.-C., and White R.
- Abstract
Background: Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy. Method(s): The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470. Finding(s): The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4.0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3.2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% CI 0.77-2.11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8.5% in the stenting group compared with 5.2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1.69, 1.
- Published
- 2010
87. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial
- Author
-
Ederle, Jörg, Dobson, Joanna, Featherstone, Roland L., Bonati, Leo H., van der Worp, H. Bart, de Borst, Gert J., Hauw Lo, T., Gaines, Peter, Dorman, Paul J., Macdonald, Sumaira, Lyrer, Philippe A., Hendriks, Johanna M., McCollum, Charles, Nederkoorn, Paul J., Brown, Martin M., Algra, A., Bamford, J., Bland, M., Hacke, W., Mas, J.L., McGuire, A.J., Sidhu, P., Bradbury, A., Collins, R., Molyneux, A., Naylor, R., Warlow, C., Ferro, M., Thomas, D., Featherstone, R.F., Tindall, H., McCabe, D.J.H., Wallis, A., Coward, L., Brooks, M., Chambers, B., Chan, A., Chu, P., Clark, D., Dewey, H., Donnan, G., Fell, G., Hoare, M., Molan, M., Roberts, A., Roberts, N., Beiles, B., Bladin, C., Clifford, C., Grigg, M., New, G., Bell, R., Bower, S., Chong, W., Holt, M., Saunder, A., Than, P.G., Gett, S., Leggett, D., McGahan, T., Quinn, J., Ray, M., Wong, A., Woodruff, P., Foreman, R., Schultz, D., Scroop, R., Stanley, B., Allard, B., Atkinson, N., Cambell, W., Davies, S., Field, P., Milne, P., Mitchell, P., Tress, B., Yan, B., Beasley, A., Dunbabin, D., Stary, D., Walker, S., Cras, P., d'Archambeau, O., Hendriks, J.M.H., Van Schil, P., Bosiers, M., Deloose, K., van Buggenhout, E., De Letter, J., Devos, V., Ghekiere, J., Vanhooren, G., Astarci, P., Hammer, F., Lacroix, V., Peeters, A., Verhelst, R., DeJaegher, L., Verbist, J., Blair, J.-F., Caron, J.L., Daneault, N., Giroux, M.-F., Guilbert, F., Lanthier, S., Lebrun, L.-H., Oliva, V., Raymond, J., Roy, D., Soulez, G., Weill, A., Hill, M., Hu, W., Hudion, M., Morrish, W., Sutherland, G., Wong, J., Albäck, A., Harno, H., Ijäs, P., Kaste, M., Lepäntalo, M., Mustanoja, S., Paananen, T., Porras, M., Putaala, J., Railo, M., Sairanen, T., Soinne, L., Vehmas, A., Vikatmaa, P., Goertler, M., Halloul, Z., Skalej, M., Brennan, P., Kelly, C., Leahy, A., Moroney, J., Thornton, J., Koelemay, M.J.W., Reekers, J.A.A., Roos, Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks, J.M., Koudstaal, P.J., Pattynama, P.M.T., van der Lugt, A., van Dijk, L.C., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., van Urk, H., Verhagen, H.J.M., Bruijninckx, C.M.A., de Bruijn, S.F., Keunen, R., Knippenberg, B., Mosch, A., Treurniet, F., van Dijk, L., van Overhagen, H., Wever, J., de Beer, F.C., van den Berg, J.S.P., van Hasselt, B.A.A.M., Zeilstra, D.J., Boiten, J., de Mol van Otterloo, J.C.A., de Vries, A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt, G.J., van der Kallen, B.F.W., Blankensteijn, J.D., De Leeuw, F.E., Schultze Kool, L.J., van der Vliet, J.A., de Kort, G.A.P., Kapelle, L.J., Lo, T.H., Mali, W.P.T.M., Moll, F., Verhagen, H., Barber, P.A., Bourchier, R., Hill, A., Holden, A., Stewart, J., Bakke, S.J., Krohg-Sørensen, K., Skjelland, M., Tennøe, B., Bialek, P., Biejat, Z., Czepiel, W., Czlonkowska, A., Dowzenko, A., Jedrzejewska, J., Kobayashi, A., Lelek, M., Polanski, J., Kirbis, J., Milosevic, Z., Zvan, B., Blasco, J., Chamorro, A., Macho, J., Obach, V., Riambau, V., San Roman, L., Branera, J., Canovas, D., Estela, Jordi, Gimenez Gaibar, A., Perendreu, J., Björses, K., Gottsater, A., Ivancev, K., Maetzsch, T., Sonesson, B., Berg, B., Delle, M., Formgren, J., Gillgren, P., Kall, T.-B., Konrad, P., Nyman, N., Takolander, R., Andersson, T., Malmstedt, J., Soderman, M., Wahlgren, C., Wahlgren, N., Binaghi, S., Hirt, L., Michel, P., Ruchat, P., Engelter, S.T., Fluri, F., Guerke, L., Jacob, A.L., Kirsch, E., Radue, E.-W., Stierli, P., Wasner, M., Wetzel, S., Bonvin, C., Kalangos, A., Lovblad, K., Murith, N., Ruefenacht, D., Sztajzel, R., Higgins, N., Kirkpatrick, P.J., Martin, P., Adam, D., Bell, J., Bradbury, A.W., Crowe, P., Gannon, M., Henderson, M.J., Sandler, D., Shinton, R.A., Scriven, J.M., Wilmink, T., D'Souza, S., Egun, A., Guta, R., Punekar, S., Seriki, D.M., Thomson, G., Brennan, J.A., Enevoldson, T.P., Gilling-Smith, G., Gould, D.A., Harris, P.L., McWilliams, R.G., Nasser, H.-C., White, R., Prakash, K.G., Serracino-Inglott, F., Subramanian, G., Symth, J.V., Walker, M.G., Clarke, M., Davis, M., Dixit, S.A., Dorman, P., Dyker, A., Ford, G., Golkar, A., Jackson, R., Jayakrishnan, V., Lambert, D., Lees, T., Louw, S., Mendelow, A.D., Rodgers, H., Rose, J., Stansby, G., Wyatt, M., Baker, T., Baldwin, N., Jones, L., Mitchell, D., Munro, E., Thornton, M., Baker, D., Davis, N., Hamilton, G., McCabe, D., Platts, A., Tibballs, J., Beard, J., Cleveland, T., Dodd, D., Gaines, P., Lonsdale, R., Nair, R., Nassef, A., Nawaz, S., Venables, G., Belli, A., Clifton, A., Cloud, G., Halliday, A., Markus, H., McFarland, R., Morgan, R., Pereira, A., Thompson, A., Chataway, J., Cheshire, N., Gibbs, R., Hammady, M., Jenkins, M., Malik, I., Wolfe, J., Adiseshiah, M., Bishop, C., Brew, S., Brookes, J., Jäger, R., Kitchen, N., Ashleigh, R., Butterfield, S., Gamble, G.E., Nasim, A., O'Neill, P., Edwards, R.D., Lees, K.R., MacKay, A.J., Moss, J., Rogers, P., Ederle, Jörg, Dobson, Joanna, Featherstone, Roland L., Bonati, Leo H., van der Worp, H. Bart, de Borst, Gert J., Hauw Lo, T., Gaines, Peter, Dorman, Paul J., Macdonald, Sumaira, Lyrer, Philippe A., Hendriks, Johanna M., McCollum, Charles, Nederkoorn, Paul J., Brown, Martin M., Algra, A., Bamford, J., Bland, M., Hacke, W., Mas, J.L., McGuire, A.J., Sidhu, P., Bradbury, A., Collins, R., Molyneux, A., Naylor, R., Warlow, C., Ferro, M., Thomas, D., Featherstone, R.F., Tindall, H., McCabe, D.J.H., Wallis, A., Coward, L., Brooks, M., Chambers, B., Chan, A., Chu, P., Clark, D., Dewey, H., Donnan, G., Fell, G., Hoare, M., Molan, M., Roberts, A., Roberts, N., Beiles, B., Bladin, C., Clifford, C., Grigg, M., New, G., Bell, R., Bower, S., Chong, W., Holt, M., Saunder, A., Than, P.G., Gett, S., Leggett, D., McGahan, T., Quinn, J., Ray, M., Wong, A., Woodruff, P., Foreman, R., Schultz, D., Scroop, R., Stanley, B., Allard, B., Atkinson, N., Cambell, W., Davies, S., Field, P., Milne, P., Mitchell, P., Tress, B., Yan, B., Beasley, A., Dunbabin, D., Stary, D., Walker, S., Cras, P., d'Archambeau, O., Hendriks, J.M.H., Van Schil, P., Bosiers, M., Deloose, K., van Buggenhout, E., De Letter, J., Devos, V., Ghekiere, J., Vanhooren, G., Astarci, P., Hammer, F., Lacroix, V., Peeters, A., Verhelst, R., DeJaegher, L., Verbist, J., Blair, J.-F., Caron, J.L., Daneault, N., Giroux, M.-F., Guilbert, F., Lanthier, S., Lebrun, L.-H., Oliva, V., Raymond, J., Roy, D., Soulez, G., Weill, A., Hill, M., Hu, W., Hudion, M., Morrish, W., Sutherland, G., Wong, J., Albäck, A., Harno, H., Ijäs, P., Kaste, M., Lepäntalo, M., Mustanoja, S., Paananen, T., Porras, M., Putaala, J., Railo, M., Sairanen, T., Soinne, L., Vehmas, A., Vikatmaa, P., Goertler, M., Halloul, Z., Skalej, M., Brennan, P., Kelly, C., Leahy, A., Moroney, J., Thornton, J., Koelemay, M.J.W., Reekers, J.A.A., Roos, Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks, J.M., Koudstaal, P.J., Pattynama, P.M.T., van der Lugt, A., van Dijk, L.C., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., van Urk, H., Verhagen, H.J.M., Bruijninckx, C.M.A., de Bruijn, S.F., Keunen, R., Knippenberg, B., Mosch, A., Treurniet, F., van Dijk, L., van Overhagen, H., Wever, J., de Beer, F.C., van den Berg, J.S.P., van Hasselt, B.A.A.M., Zeilstra, D.J., Boiten, J., de Mol van Otterloo, J.C.A., de Vries, A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt, G.J., van der Kallen, B.F.W., Blankensteijn, J.D., De Leeuw, F.E., Schultze Kool, L.J., van der Vliet, J.A., de Kort, G.A.P., Kapelle, L.J., Lo, T.H., Mali, W.P.T.M., Moll, F., Verhagen, H., Barber, P.A., Bourchier, R., Hill, A., Holden, A., Stewart, J., Bakke, S.J., Krohg-Sørensen, K., Skjelland, M., Tennøe, B., Bialek, P., Biejat, Z., Czepiel, W., Czlonkowska, A., Dowzenko, A., Jedrzejewska, J., Kobayashi, A., Lelek, M., Polanski, J., Kirbis, J., Milosevic, Z., Zvan, B., Blasco, J., Chamorro, A., Macho, J., Obach, V., Riambau, V., San Roman, L., Branera, J., Canovas, D., Estela, Jordi, Gimenez Gaibar, A., Perendreu, J., Björses, K., Gottsater, A., Ivancev, K., Maetzsch, T., Sonesson, B., Berg, B., Delle, M., Formgren, J., Gillgren, P., Kall, T.-B., Konrad, P., Nyman, N., Takolander, R., Andersson, T., Malmstedt, J., Soderman, M., Wahlgren, C., Wahlgren, N., Binaghi, S., Hirt, L., Michel, P., Ruchat, P., Engelter, S.T., Fluri, F., Guerke, L., Jacob, A.L., Kirsch, E., Radue, E.-W., Stierli, P., Wasner, M., Wetzel, S., Bonvin, C., Kalangos, A., Lovblad, K., Murith, N., Ruefenacht, D., Sztajzel, R., Higgins, N., Kirkpatrick, P.J., Martin, P., Adam, D., Bell, J., Bradbury, A.W., Crowe, P., Gannon, M., Henderson, M.J., Sandler, D., Shinton, R.A., Scriven, J.M., Wilmink, T., D'Souza, S., Egun, A., Guta, R., Punekar, S., Seriki, D.M., Thomson, G., Brennan, J.A., Enevoldson, T.P., Gilling-Smith, G., Gould, D.A., Harris, P.L., McWilliams, R.G., Nasser, H.-C., White, R., Prakash, K.G., Serracino-Inglott, F., Subramanian, G., Symth, J.V., Walker, M.G., Clarke, M., Davis, M., Dixit, S.A., Dorman, P., Dyker, A., Ford, G., Golkar, A., Jackson, R., Jayakrishnan, V., Lambert, D., Lees, T., Louw, S., Mendelow, A.D., Rodgers, H., Rose, J., Stansby, G., Wyatt, M., Baker, T., Baldwin, N., Jones, L., Mitchell, D., Munro, E., Thornton, M., Baker, D., Davis, N., Hamilton, G., McCabe, D., Platts, A., Tibballs, J., Beard, J., Cleveland, T., Dodd, D., Gaines, P., Lonsdale, R., Nair, R., Nassef, A., Nawaz, S., Venables, G., Belli, A., Clifton, A., Cloud, G., Halliday, A., Markus, H., McFarland, R., Morgan, R., Pereira, A., Thompson, A., Chataway, J., Cheshire, N., Gibbs, R., Hammady, M., Jenkins, M., Malik, I., Wolfe, J., Adiseshiah, M., Bishop, C., Brew, S., Brookes, J., Jäger, R., Kitchen, N., Ashleigh, R., Butterfield, S., Gamble, G.E., Nasim, A., O'Neill, P., Edwards, R.D., Lees, K.R., MacKay, A.J., Moss, J., and Rogers, P.
- Abstract
Background: Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy. Methods: The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470. Findings: The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4·0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3·2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1·28, 95% CI 0·77-2·11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8·5% in the stenting group compared with 5·2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1·69, 1·16-2
- Published
- 2010
88. Catching a gently thrown ball
- Author
-
Lopez-Moliner, J., Brenner, E., Louw, S., Smeets, J.B.J., Lopez-Moliner, J., Brenner, E., Louw, S., and Smeets, J.B.J.
- Abstract
Several studies have shown that people can catch a ball even if it is visible only during part of its flight. Here, we examine how well they can do so. We measured the movements of a ball and of the hands of both the thrower and the catcher during one-handed underarm throwing and catching. The catcher's sight was occluded for 250 ms at random moments. Participants could catch most balls without fumbling. They only really had difficulties if vision was occluded before the ball was released and was restored less than 200 ms before the catch. In such cases, it was impossible to accurately predict the ball's trajectory from motion of the ball and of the thrower's hand before the occlusion, and there was not enough time to adjust the catching movement after vision was restored. Even at these limits, people caught most balls quite adequately. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
89. Survival of the navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), on pistachio in South Africa
- Author
-
Grobler, Anél, Louw, S. vdM., Grobler, Anél, and Louw, S. vdM.
- Abstract
The navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Pyralidae) (Walker), is the most damaging Lepidoptera larva found on pistachio nuts (Pistacia vera L., Anacardiaceae). Pistachios have only relatively recently been planted in South Africa at Green Valley Nuts, a division of the Industrial Development Corporation, near Prieska in the Northern Cape Province. The navel orangeworm causes direct damage to pistachio nut clusters by feeding on individual nut kernels and contaminating nuts with their faecal excretions. In the process the quality of the nuts is reduced and the nuts are rendered more susceptible to fungal infection. After harvest, navel orangeworm larvae overwinter inside fallen nuts on the orchard floor, as well as inside nuts left behind on trees. The prevalence of navel orangeworm in mummy nuts was studied from May to September in 2008 and 2009 at Green Valley Nuts. The potential survival of the larvae in these nuts was estimated from nuts sampled under trees of three different pistachio cultivars (Ariyeh, Sirora and Shufra). Orchard row management practices were investigated to determine the effect of cover crops, mulch and hydro-cooling on navel orangeworm survival. This was done by monitoring emergence cages and light traps for the presence of navel orangeworm adults emerging from mummy nuts. In both years, navel orangeworm was noted overwintering in mummy nuts. The highest occurrence of navel orangeworm over the two year study period was recorded in nuts from Sirora, a cultivar planted in an orchard lacking inter-tree row cover crops, mulch and hydro cooling. The results support the assumption that these orchard row management practices have a suppressing effect on navel orangeworm development, causing high mortality rates due to mummy nut decomposition. Research was also conducted to observe the life cycle and behaviour of the pest under laboratory conditions. The complete life cycle duration of the navel orangeworm ranged from 50 to 84 days. A single life, National Research Foundation (NRF)
- Published
- 2010
90. The expression and inheritance of resistance to Acanthoscelides obtectus (Bruchidae) in South African dry bean cultivars
- Author
-
Beneke, Casper Johannes, Labuschagne, M. T., Louw, S. V. D. M., Jarvie, J. A., Beneke, Casper Johannes, Labuschagne, M. T., Louw, S. V. D. M., and Jarvie, J. A.
- Abstract
English: This study was undertaken to transfer resistance against Acanthoscelides obtectus into South African dry bean cultivars; to select breeding lines with increased resistance against A. obtectus through bioassay with adult insects of the species; to develop a recombinant inbred line population, which could be used in future research for near infrared spectroscopy or any other technique; to test the yield ability, resistance against A. obtectus, seed size and colour of the developed breeding lines (progeny) and comparing it to that of the susceptible commercial parents and arcelin donor parent in the breeding scheme and to identify backcross progeny lines equal or better in all characteristics than the commercial parents. Crosses were made between six commercial and semi-commercial South African dry bean cultivars (recurrent parents) and the SMARC4-PN1 breeding line (arcelin donor parent). Parental characteristics were recovered in a backcross breeding programme. Bioassays were conducted with adult A. obtectus insects to identify resistant backcross progeny lines. The most resistant backcross progeny lines were selected for evaluation in a yield trial, and bioassay, against the commercial parents. A population of 95 F6 RI lines was developed from which the 10 most resistant and 10 most susceptible (as determined through a bioassay with adult insects of the species A. obtectus) were selected. A replicated yield trial was conducted and one RI line (BRUX1100-2) was shown to have significantly higher yield ability than the commercial parents. A replicated bruchid emergence test was conducted where one RI line (BRUX1100-2) was shown to have significantly higher bruchid resistance than the arcelin donor parent. The seed size evaluation showed that ten backcross progeny lines had significantly smaller seed size than the commercial parents and seven backcross progeny lines had seed colour that could be compared to that of the commercial parents. The combination of all, Afrikaans: Sleutel woorde: Droëbone; Phaseolus vulgaris; Acanthoscelides obtectus; Zabrotes subfasciatus; bruchids; arcelin; droëboon teling; volwasse insek verskyning; opbrengs proef; saad grootte. Die doelstellings van hierdie studie was om weerstand teen A.obtectus oor te dra na Suid-Afrikaanse droëboon kultivars; om teellyne te selekteer met verhoogde weerstand teen A.obtectus deur middel van bioassesering met volwasse insekte van die spesie; die ontwikkeling van „n gerekombineerde ingeteelde lyn populasie wat in toekomstige navorsing gebruik kan word in naby infrarooi spektroskopie of ander toepassings; die toets van die opbrengs vermoë en weerstand teen A. obtectus, asook die evaluasie van saadgrootte en kleur van die ontwikkelde lyne (nageslag) teenoor die kommersiële ouers en arcelin skenker ouer in die teelprogram en die identifikasie van nageslag wat gelyk aan of beter is as die ouers vir alle gemete eienskappe. Kruisings is gemaak tussen ses kommersiële en semi-kommersiële Suid-Afrikaanse droëboon kultivars (herhalende ouers) en SMARC4-PN1 teellyn (arcelin skenker ouer). Die eienskappe is herwin in „n terugkruisingsprogram. Bioasseserings is gedoen met volwasse A. obtectus insekte om nageslag met weerstand teen insek voeding te identifiseer. Uit die program is nageslag geselekteer met die hoogste weerstandsvlakke, om te evalueer in „n opbrengsproef en bioassesering teenoor die kommersiële ouers.‟n Populasie bestaande uit 95 F6 RI lyne is ontwikkel waarvan die 10 mees vatbare en 10 mees bestande lyne (soos bepaal deur middel van „n bioassesering met volwasse A. obtectus insekte) geselekteer is. ‘n Gerepliseerde opbrengs proef is onderneem waaruit een RI lyn (BRUX1100-2) geïdentifiseer is met „n betekenisvolle hoër opbrengsvermoë as die kommersiële ouers.’n Herhaalde bioassesering met volwasse A. obtectus insekte is onderneem waaruit een RI lyn (BRUX1100-2) geïdentifiseer is met betekenisvolle beter bruchid weerstand as die arcelin skenker ouer. Die saad gr, PANNAR, STARKE AYRES
- Published
- 2010
91. Temporal and spatial composition of arboreal insects along the Omaruru River, Namibia
- Author
-
Theron, Louise, Louw, S. vdM., Powell, L. A., Theron, Louise, Louw, S. vdM., and Powell, L. A.
- Abstract
English: Insects play a major role in any ecosystem and are also of extreme importance to the well-being of humans. Amongst others, they are pollinators that indirectly determine food security. On a more negative side, they can cause great crop damage and act as vectors for many diseases. It is thus of utmost importance to understand their biology. In this context a study was undertaken to analyze the temporal and spatial composition of arboreal insects along the Omaruru River in central Namibia. This river is one of the ephemeral rivers in Namibia, running along an east-west rainfall and altitudinal gradient. Three typical Namibian tree species (Acacia erioloba, Acacia tortilis and Faidherbia albida) were selected as host species and their canopies sampled over a period of one year. An anaesthetising insecticide, Pyrethroid, was used to fog the tree. Insects dropped onto plastic sheets suspended underneath each sample tree. This material was collected, stored in 70% Ethanol and then sorted and identified into relative taxonomic units (RTUs). The data obtained was used to compare the insect diversity and composition of the three selected host species. Results indicated that there are no statistical differences regarding canopy associated insects between the three tree species. Not only do they have similar numbers of RTUs, but they also share a high percentage (50% and higher) of the same RTUs. The influence of aridity was also investigated by comparing the different sampling stations with each other. The stations lie within different rainfall regimes and show an increase in mean temperature and a decrease in humidity from east to west. The effect of rainfall was eliminated because the trees make use of year-round groundwater to fulfil their requirements. Results indicated that the sampling stations differ from each other with regard to their insect diversity. The further apart the stations are from each other the less similar they are regarding recorded arboreal in, Afrikaans: Insekte speel ‘n betekenisvolle rol in enige ekosisteem en is as sulks ook belangrik vir die vooruitgang van die mens. Onder andere is hulle bestuiwers wat indirek voedselsekuriteit bepaal. Aan die negatiewe kant veroorsaak hulle ook aansienlike oesskade en is hulle draers van baie siektes. Dit is dus van uiterste belang dat hulle biologie, diversiteit en volopheid ontleed en verstaan word. In hierdie konteks is ‘n studie van die verspreiding en samestelling van insekte oor tyd en ruimte langs die Omaruru Rivier in sentraal Namibië uitgevoer. Hierdie rivier is een van die nie-standhoudende riviere in Namibië en volg ’n oos-wes reënval- en hoogte bo seevlak gradient. Drie boomsoorte tipies aan Namibië (Acacia erioloba, Acacia tortilis en Faidheria albida) is gekies as gasheer spesies en opnames in die loof van die bome is oor ’n periode van een jaar gedoen. ’n Verdowende insekdoder, Pyrethroid, is gebruik om die bome te berook wat gelei het tot die afval van insekte op plastiek seile wat onder elke boom gespan is. Hierdie materiaal is versamel en in 70% Etanol gestoor, waarna hulle gesorteer en geïdentifiseer is as relatiewe taksonomiese eenhede (RTU’s) vir elke orde. Die versamelde data is gebruik om die insek diversiteit en samestelling van die drie gasheer spesies te vergelyk. Resultate het aangetoon dat daar geen statistiese verskille, wat betref loof-geassosieerde insekte, tussen die drie boom spesies bestaan nie. Nie alleen het hulle min of meer dieselfde getal taksonomiese eenhede nie, maar hulle deel ook ’n groot persentasie (50% en meer) van dieselfde taksonomiese eenhede. Die invloed van ariditeit is ook ondersoek deur die verskillende opname stasies met mekaar te vergelyk. Die stasies val in verskillende reënval streke en toon ‘n toename in temperatuur en afname in humiditeit van oos na wes. Die uitwerking van reënval is nie in berekening gebring nie omdat die bome van ondergrondse water, wat dwarsdeur die jaar beskikbaar is gebruik maak om aan, Polytechnic of Namibia
- Published
- 2010
92. The bio-ecology of the grass leaf miner, Agromyza ocularis (Diptera: Agromyzidae), on wheat and barley in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa
- Author
-
Adendorff, Joan, Prinsloo, G. J., Louw, S. vdM., Adendorff, Joan, Prinsloo, G. J., and Louw, S. vdM.
- Abstract
English: The grass leaf miner fly, Agromyza ocularis (Spencer) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) was first described from specimens collected at Ceres (1959), Giant's Castle (1961) and the Maseru (1963) district. These specimens were collected with a sweep net from grass and no information was recorded on the host range and biology of the species. During 2000, A. ocularis was recorded on irrigated wheat in the Prieska district, Northern Cape and since then the species has spread to many wheat and barley fields in the Prieska and Douglas area. Two distinct types of injury are caused by A. ocularis, namely feeding punctures and leaf mining. The adult femail cause's circular punctures on the upper leaf surface of the host plant with her ovipositor, the ovipositor puncture can provide a feeding or egg-laying site. Mines are caused by the larvae feeding on tissue inside the leaf. The mine commences at the egg laying site where the larvae hatch. The mines are usually linear in the direction of the stem attachment or apex of the leaf. The area mined is dead, necrotic tissue and could not be revived through plant growth compensation. Photosynthesis rate by the leaves is therefore diminished. A mature larva cuts a slit in the leaf epidermis, escapes from the mine, drops to the ground and burrows into the damp soil adjacent to the plant and pupates. The pupal stage can last 23 days at 25°C under laboratory conditions. A pupal diapause stage which lasts for ±10 months in the laboratory can occur. The function of this stage is not clear, but it could be a mechanism to survive through periods when food resources are not readily available and extreme high temperatures occur. The lifespan of the adult fly is 30 days at 25°C, also under laboratory conditions. This can lead to overlapping generations of flies in a field and increase of damage to the crop. The flies were found to be active in the field when mean daily temperatures ranged between 10°C and 30°C and high relative humidity prevaile, Afrikaans: Die gras blaarmynervlieg, Agromyza ocularis (Spencer) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) se eerste beskrywing was gebaseer op eksemplare wat by Ceres (1959), Giant Castle (1961) en Maseru (1963) versamel is. Hierdie eksemplare was met veenette vanaf gras versamel en geen inligting oor gasheerplante of biologie is ingewin nie. Gedurende 2000, is A. ocularis op besproeiing aangeplante koring in die Prieska distrik van die Noord Kaap aangeteken en sedertdien het die spesie na verskeie koring- en garslande in die Prieska en Douglas gebied versprei. Twee kenmerkende tipes skade word deur A. ocularis veroorsaak, naamlik voedingswonde en blaarmyning. Die volwasse wyfie produseer sirkelvormige gate op die blaaroppervlak met haar oviposter, wat voedings- of eierleggingsplekke verskaf en wat 'n kenmerkende kollerige voorkoms op die blaar veroorsaak. Myne in die blaar word deur die larwes, wat die binneste blaarweefsel vreet, veroorsaak. Die myn ontstaan op die eierleggings plek waar die larwes uitbroei. Die myne is gewoonlik liniêr op die blaar in die rigting van die stam of die blaarpunt. Die gemynde area is dooie, nekrotiese weefsel en kan nie by wyse van kompensasie groei deur die plant herstel word nie. Fotosintese tempo van die blare word gevolglik op hierdie manier verminder. 'n Volgroeide larf maak 'n snit in die blaar, ontsnap uit die myn, val af grond toe en boor in die klam grond in naby die plant en pupeer. Teen 25°C onder laboratorium toestande kan die papiestadium tot 23 dae duur. 'n Papie diapause fase is teenwoordig wat vir ±10 maande in die laboratorium volgehou het. Die doel van hierdie fase is onduidelik, maar dit kan wel 'n meganisme van oorlewing wees gedurende periodes van voedselskaarste en uiterse hoë temperature. Die lewensduur van die volwasse vlieg is 30 dae teen 25°C onder laboratorium toestande. Hierdie kan aanleiding gee tot oorvleuelende generasies van die vlieg in 'n land en 'n gepaardgaande verergering van gewasskade gewasse vererger. Die vlieë, Griekwaland Wes Korporasie (GWK) (Pty) Ltd., Winter Cereal Trust
- Published
- 2010
93. Slant cues are processed with different latencies for the online control of movement
- Author
-
van Mierlo, C.M., Louw, S., Smeets, J.B.J., Brenner, E., van Mierlo, C.M., Louw, S., Smeets, J.B.J., and Brenner, E.
- Abstract
For the online control of movement, it is important to respond fast. The extent to which cues are effective in guiding our actions might therefore depend on how quickly they provide new information. We compared the latency to alter a movement when monocular and binocular cues indicated that the surface slant had changed. We found that subjects adjusted their movement in response to three types of information: information about the new slant from the monocular image, information about the new slant from binocular disparity, and information about the change in slant from the change in the monocular image. Responses to changes in the monocular image were approximately 40 ms faster than responses to a new slant estimate from binocular disparity and about 90 ms faster than responses to a new slant estimate from the monocular image. Considering these delays, adjustments of ongoing movements to changes in slant will usually be initiated by changes in the monocular image. The response will later be refined on the basis of combined binocular and monocular estimates of slant. © ARVO.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
94. A plant health management system for aphididae on lettuce under variable shadehouse conditions in the central Free State, South Africa
- Author
-
Van der Westhuizen, C., Van der Westhuizen, C., VdM Louw, S., Venter, P., Central University of Technology, Free State. Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences. School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Van der Westhuizen, C., Van der Westhuizen, C., VdM Louw, S., Venter, P., and Central University of Technology, Free State. Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences. School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences
- Abstract
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are amongst the most destructive insects in agricultural crop production systems. This reputation stems from their complex life cycles which are mostly linked to a parthenogenetic mode of reproduction, allowing them to reach immense population sizes within a short period of time. They are also notorious as important and efficient vectors of several plant viral diseases. Their short fecund life cycles allow them to be pests on crops with a short growth period, e.g. lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). It is common practice to provide this crop with some degree of protection from environmental extremes on the South African Highveld. Shadehouses are popular in this regard, but aphids are small enough to find their way into these structures, and their presence on lettuce is discouraged due to phytosanitary issues. In addition, the excessive use of insecticides is criticized due to the negative influence on human health, and because aphids can rapidly develop resistance. This necessitates the use of alternative control options in order to suppress aphid numbers. Biological control is popular in this regard and the use of predatory ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a popular choice. This study investigated the aphid and coccinellid species complex encountered under varying shadehouse conditions on cultivated head lettuce in the central Free State Province (South Africa). Their seasonality was also examined, along with variations in their population size throughout a one-year period. Finally, the impact of varying aphid populations on some physical characteristics of head lettuce was examined, and recommendations for aphid control (using naturally occurring coccinellid predators) were made. Two shadehouse structures were evaluated during this study. One was fully covered with shade netting and designed to exclude the pugnacious ant, Anoplolepis custodiens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), while the other was partially covered with shade netting (on th
- Published
- 2008
95. Biology and control of the mango seed weevil in South Africa
- Author
-
Louw, Cornelia Estelle, Van der Merwe Louw, S., Louw, Cornelia Estelle, and Van der Merwe Louw, S.
- Abstract
English: The mango seed weevil (MSW), Sternochetus mangiferae (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), generally causes few problems on early-season cultivars, since the fruit are marketed and consumed before adult emergence from the fruit. Adult emergence from late-hanging cultivars, however, results in unattractive lesions that influence the marketability of the fruit. There is little evidence that MSW influences yield, although some authors argue that MSW development in the seed may lead to premature fruit drop. The economic impact of the MSW is primarily based on the fact that it is a major phytosanitary pest, restricting access to new foreign markets and contributing to substantial rejections of fruit destined for existing export countries. The MSW has no natural enemies, is monophagous on mango and completes its entire life cycle within the mango seed. The impact of this pest can, therefore, be greatly reduced by orchard sanitation. Sanitation practices, however, are labour intensive, necessitating producers to rely on alternative or additive control measures. Several semi-penetrant and contact pesticides are registered for MSW control. However, with trans-laminar products it is imperative that treatments coincide with, or are applied just after, the onset of weevil oviposition. This requires intensive and accurate scouting programmes, with an in-depth knowledge regarding the duration of oviposition necessary to ensure seasonal control. When using contact insecticides, applications should coincide with seasonal and daily activity peaks to ensure direct contact. Since adult weevils are extremely inactive, this necessitates an in-depth knowledge of MSW activity patterns. It is also imperative to understand the development cycle and life strategies of the insect in order to know at which time intervention would prove to be the most effective. The product most generally used for MSW control in the Hoedspruit magisterial district of the Limpopo Province is fenthion, Afrikaans: Die mango snuitkewer (MSK), Sternochetus mangiferae (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), het oor die algemeen nie ‘n groot impak op die vrugkwaliteit van vroeëseisoen mango kultivars nie, aangesien dié vrugte gewoonlik bemark en geëet word voordat die volwasse kewers die vrug verlaat. Vir laat-seisoen kultivars vind dit egter dikwels plaas dat volwasse snuitkewers vanuit die saad, deur die vrugvlees, na buite beweeg. Die letsels wat so ontstaan verlaag die bemarkbaarheid van die vrug. Daar is nie baie inligting beskikbaar oor die effek van MSK op oesopbrengste nie, alhoewel sekere outeurs van mening is dat die teenwoordigheid van kewers in die saad tot verhoogde vrugafspening kan lei. Die ekonomiese impak van die MSK is meer vervat in die feit dat hierdie insek ‘n baie belangrike fitosanitêre plaag is, wat nie net toegang tot nuwe uitvoermarkte beïnvloed nie, maar ook kan lei tot die afkeur van vrugbesendings na bestaande uitvoermarkte. Die MSK het geen natuurlike vyande nie, is monofaag op mango en voltooi sy hele lewensiklus binne-in die saad. Om hierdie rede kan boordsanitasiepraktyke infestasievlakke grootliks onder beheer bring. Sanitasie is egter arbeidsintensief, en lei daartoe dat produsente meerendeels staat maak op chemiese beheer. Verskeie kontak en translaminêre produkte is vir mangoes geregistreer om MSK te beheer. Wanneer translaminêre produkte gebruik word, is dit egter baie belangrik dat die aanvangsbespuiting gedoen word sodra MSK eierlegging begin, wat noodsaak dat 'n akkurate verkenningsprogram gevolg word. Dit is ook nodig om kennis te dra van die tydsduur van eierlegging ten einde effektiewe seisoenale beheer te kan verleen. Wanneer kontakmiddels gebruik word, is dit weer belangrik om kennis te dra van seisoenale en daaglikse aktiwiteitspatrone van die insek ten einde direkte kontak te verseker. Dit is ook noodsaaklik om die lewensiklus en lewenstrategieë van die insek te ken, ten einde te kan bepaal wanneer toetrede die grootste, Westfalia Technological Services, Westfalia, Tzaneen, South Africa
- Published
- 2008
96. Venous thromboembolism: Prophylactic and therapeutic practice guideline
- Author
-
Jacobson, B F, primary, Louw, S, additional, Büller, H, additional, Mer, M, additional, De Jong, P R, additional, Rowji, P, additional, Schapkaitz, E, additional, Adler, D, additional, Beeton, A, additional, Hsu, H-C, additional, Wessels, P, additional, and Haas, S, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
97. Judging surface slant for placing objects: a role for motion parallax
- Author
-
Louw, S., Smeets, J.B.J., Brenner, E., Louw, S., Smeets, J.B.J., and Brenner, E.
- Abstract
People have a variety of sources of information (cues) about surface slant at their disposal. We used a simple placing task to evaluate the relative importance of three such cues (motion parallax, binocular disparity and texture) within the space in which people normally manipulate objects. To do so, we projected a stimulus onto a rotatable screen. This allowed us to manipulate texture cues independently of binocular disparity and motion parallax. We asked people to stand in front of the screen and place a cylinder on the screen. We analysed the cylinder's orientation just before contact. Participants mainly relied on binocular cues (weight between 50 and 90%), in accordance with binocular cues being known to be reliable when the stimulus surface is nearby and almost frontal. Texture cues contributed between 2 and 18% to the estimated slant. Motion parallax was given a weight between 1 and 9%, despite the fact that it only provided information when the head began to move, which was just before the arm did. Thus motion parallax is used to judge surface slant, even when one is under the impression of standing still. © 2007 Springer-Verlag.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
98. Haptic detection of sine-wave gratings
- Author
-
Louw, S., Kappers, A.M.L., Koenderink, J.J., Louw, S., Kappers, A.M.L., and Koenderink, J.J.
- Published
- 2005
99. 803 Guidelines for Withdrawal of VAD Therapy at End of Life
- Author
-
Wrightson, N., primary, Louw, S., additional, Regnard, C., additional, and Clark, S., additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
100. Intra-annual variation of arthropod-plant interactions and arthropod trophic structure in an endangered grassland in the Free State province, South Africa
- Author
-
Buschke, F, primary, Kemp, M, additional, Seaman, M, additional, and Louw, S, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.