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The authors investigated in an experimental and clinical study the part played by the macrolide antibiotic, tylosine, in the elevated immunological reactivity of the present population to Erythromycin. The first assembled results justify the statement that tylosine used in veterinary practice (sometimes without control) may indice acrossed immunological reactivity against Erythromycin. The authors discuss also other undesirable manifestations after Erythromycin administration. The assembled data confirm the need of an aimed and controllable administration of antimicrobial preparations in human as well as in veterinary medicine.

The authors investigated the antibody response to erythromycin and tylosine in experiments and in a clinical investigation. The results proved in 90-100% a crossed immunological reactivity of the two macrolid antimicrobial preparations. In view of the wide use of tylosine in veterinary practice and its presence in residues of slaughter animals as well as in serological tests, it is very probable that this preparation participates in a major way in the increased incidence of allergic reactions against erythromycin in humans. Clinical results confirmed this assumption.

The authors tested cephalosporin antibiotic of the 3rd generation--Ceftriaxon--in treatment of bacterial meningitis. After studying the infiltration of the antibiotic into the cerebrospinal fluid in 13 patients with parotitic meningoencephalitis, the authors treated 15 patients with bacterial meningitis. Ceftriaxon has been applied in 100 mg/kg in two doses i.v. The research antibiotic levels in cerebrospinal fluid varied from 10 to 30% of sera levels and were much higher than MIC for pathogens isolated from liquor. The treatment effects were very good the dropping of temperature followed on the 3-4 day, the 5-6, day under 100/3. The side effects showed a short time increasing of transaminases and diarrhoea. After completing the treatment normalisation occurred quickly. Other side effects have not occurred. The authors can state, Ceftriaxon in treatment of bacterial meningitis is a highly effective antibiotic.

A case of anaphylactic shock following the administration of clindamycin is reported. The antibody response was studied by the passive haemagglutination reaction and the presence of haemagglutinating antibodies to both clindamycin and lincomycin was detected. In the discussion, the authors try to account for the causes of development of the mentioned anaphylactic reaction after a single therapeutic dose. In this connection they mention a possible development of haemagglutinating antibodies after the administration of two doses to the patient in an experiment at a long-term interval.

Immune response to staphylococcal haemolysin and Haemophilus influenzae capsular antigen administered simultaneously with antibiotics was studied in rabbits. In addition to specific humoral antibodies, the quantitative values of IgG, IgA, IgM and C'3 complement were determined. Statistically significant deficiency of immune response was observed in all cases in animals which were given the antigen with the antibiotic in comparison with the controls which were immunized by the antigen alone. Statistically significant differences were also observed in the levels of immunoglobulins (mainly IgG and IgM) in animals which were given antigens simultaneously with antibiotics in comparison with animals which were given antibiotics alone.

Antibodies to antibiotics were studied in patients hypersensitive to these preparations and in patients with other types of allergic disease. In addition to examining these antibodies, a whole series of other immunological tests were carried out (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, C'3 and OPI). Antibodies to antibiotics were found in a high percentage of subjects, not only in those hypersensitive to antibiotics but also in patients with asthma bronchiale and rhinitis pollinosa. The considerable differences in IgG and IgE observed in patients with high titres of haemagglutinating antibodies to antibiotics point out the blocking character of these antibodies.

Besides paraproteins in melanoblastoma, the study also follows the quantitative values of immunoglobulins during the course of the disease. According to the immunoglobulin values, the patients may be divided into two groups: those with a striking decline of IgG and a simultaneous generalization of the process; those without any significant alteration in the immunoglobulin values, but with paraproteins. The presence of the latter, particularly of gM became reflected in a stagnation of the entire process. Immunological results of sera from patients surviving 5 years, bear out this finding.

Haemolysins of 4 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing different fractions [II, 2 + II, I + II + III] were studied. The production of specific antibodies was demonstrated making possible the immunoelectrophoretic record of the whole lysin and of the individual fractions. Tests on laboratory animals [mice, rabbits] showed a high degree lethal and dermonecrotic property of the lysin containing the fractions II + III and I + II + III.