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The YABBY gene family plays a vital role in the polarity development of lateral organs. Here, we isolated a BoYABBY1 (BoYAB1) gene from Bambusa oldhamii and encodes for 167aa protein. This gene contains a zinc-finger motif in its N terminus and a YABBY domain in its C terminus. Based on multiple sequence alignment, BoYAB1 was shown closely related to OsYAB1 from rice with a sequence identity of 88.76%. Expression analysis (RT-qPCR) and in-situ hybridisation results revealed that the preferential accumulation of BoYAB1 was in the stamen and carpel primordia of flower buds. Ectopic expression of BoYAB1 in Arabidopsis thaliana caused late flowering, narrow while curled leaves, and the curl was pointed towards the abaxial side. Further assays indicated that the observed phenotypic differences were associated with the expression level of exogenous BoYAB1 gene in transgenic plants. These results suggested that the BoYAB1 gene might be involved in leaf development and regulation of flowering time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It was reported that the activity of NiR (nitrite reductase) enzyme encoded by theNiRgene was correlated with the regeneration ability in rice. To testify the function ofNiRgene in bamboo, seven bamboo species whose calli had different differentiation rate were chosen to analyse their NiR enzyme activity. The results showed that bamboo NiR enzymatic activity had a certain correlation with the regeneration capacity. ANiRgene namedDhNiRfromDendrocalamus hamiltoniiwith high regeneration capacity was cloned. Sequence analysis revealed that the ORF ofDhNiRwas 1779bp encoding 592 amino acids. Overexpression ofDhNiRin rice reduced the time of shoot differentiation and increased the transformation rate, suggesting thatDhNiRmight play an important role in the regeneration ability of bamboo, and can be applied in regeneration and gene transformation of bamboo and other plant species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Parashorea chinensis is a rare monodominant species in southwest China known for its production of high-quality timber, is facing decline due to its narrow distribution, human interference and habitat destruction. However, there are no reports on genetic diversity and geographical variation of phenotypic traits of P. chinensis ., Methods: In this study, phenotypic characters and genetic diversity of 15 germplasms resources from five provenances in southwest China were investigated, and their relationships with geographical and environmental factors was discussed., Results: Our results revealed a rich phenotypic diversity among the germplasms, with variation coefficients ranging from 3.63% to 45.49%. Among the studied germplasms, NP03 from Napo and ML02 from Mengla region exhibited superior phenotypic traits. Notably, NP03 also demonstrated the highest genetic diversity. Genetic differentiation analyses including genetic differentiation coefficient (0.6264) and gene flow (0.3736) illustrated that genetic variation was most prevalent among populations. Furthermore, redundancy analysis showed that temperature related factors (maximum air temperature, annual mean temperature and minimum air temperature) significantly affected phenotypic variation. Similarly, altitude, longitude, latitude, annual mean precipitation and the minimum air temperature significantly impacted the level of genetic diversity. The molecular variation of the natural population of P. chinensis followed a certain geographical pattern., Discussion: Our finding indicated abundant phenotypic variation among P. chinensis germplasms. However, populations exhibited low levels of genetic diversity alongside high genetic differentiation, potentially contributing to the species' rarity. Based on our results, NP03 and ML02 germplasm could be used as the parents for breeding superior germplasm of P. chinensis . Overall, this study provides valuable insights into germplasm diversity and conservation, genetic improvement, and utilization of P. chinensis ., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Xu, Liu, Finnegan, Liu, Ali, Zhang and Yang.)