Author: "Ling, C. H." - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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518 results on '"Ling, C. H."'

51. A Super-Jupiter orbiting a late-type star: A refined analysis of microlensing event OGLE-2012-BLG-0406

Author: Tsapras, Y., Choi, J. -Y., Street, R. A., Han, C., Bozza, V., Gould, A., Dominik, M., Beaulieu, J. -P., Udalski, A., Jørgensen, U. G., Sumi, T., Bramich, D. M., Browne, P., Horne, K., Hundertmark, M., Ipatov, S., Kains, N., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., Alsubai, K. A., Andersen, J. M., Novati, S. Calchi, Damerdji, Y., Diehl, C., Elyiv, A., Giannini, E., Hardis, S., Harpsøe, K., Hinse, T. C., Juncher, D., Kerins, E., Korhonen, H., Liebig, C., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Rabus, M., Rahvar, S., Scarpetta, G., Skottfelt, J., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., Tregloan-Reed, J., Vilela, C., Wambsganss, J., Skowron, J., Poleski, R., Kozłowski, S., Wyrzykowski, Łukasz, Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrukowicz, P., Pietrzyński, G., Soszyński, I., Ulaczyk, K., Albrow, M. D., Bachelet, E., Barry, R., Batista, V., Bhattacharya, A., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Corrales, E., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouqué, P., Greenhill, J., Kane, S. R., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Menzies, J., P`ere, C., Pollard, K. R., Wouters, D., Christie, G., DePoy, D. L., Dong, S., Drummond, J., Gaudi, B. S., Henderson, C. B., Hwang, K. H., Jung, Y. K., Kavka, A., Koo, J. -R., Lee, C. -U., Maoz, D., Monard, L. A. G., Natusch, T., Ngan, H., Park, H., Pogge, R. W., Porritt, I., Shin, I. -G., Shvartzvald, Y., Tan, T. G., Yee, J. C., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Fukunaga, D., Itow, Y., Koshimoto, N., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Namba, S., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Suzuki, D., Tristram, P. J., Tsurumi, N., Wada, K., Yamai, N., and Yonehara, P. C. M. Yock A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a detailed analysis of survey and follow-up observations of microlensing event OGLE-2012-BLG-0406 based on data obtained from 10 different observatories. Intensive coverage of the lightcurve, especially the perturbation part, allowed us to accurately measure the parallax effect and lens orbital motion. Combining our measurement of the lens parallax with the angular Einstein radius determined from finite-source effects, we estimate the physical parameters of the lens system. We find that the event was caused by a $2.73\pm 0.43\ M_{\rm J}$ planet orbiting a $0.44\pm 0.07\ M_{\odot}$ early M-type star. The distance to the lens is $4.97\pm 0.29$\ kpc and the projected separation between the host star and its planet at the time of the event is $3.45\pm 0.26$ AU. We find that the additional coverage provided by follow-up observations, especially during the planetary perturbation, leads to a more accurate determination of the physical parameters of the lens., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ
Published: 2013
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52. MOA-2011-BLG-322Lb: a 'second generation survey' microlensing planet

Author: Shvartzvald, Y., Maoz, D., Kaspi, S., Sumi, T., Udalski, A., Gould, A., Bennett, D. P., Han, C., Abe, F., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Fukunaga, D., Itow, Y., Koshimoto, N., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Namba, S., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Suzuki, D., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Skowron, J., Kozłowski, S., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzyński, G., Soszyński, I., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Poleski, R., and Pietrukowicz, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Global "second-generation" microlensing surveys aim to discover and characterize extrasolar planets and their frequency, by means of round-the-clock high-cadence monitoring of a large area of the Galactic bulge, in a controlled experiment. We report the discovery of a giant planet in microlensing event MOA-2011-BLG-322. This moderate-magnification event, which displays a clear anomaly induced by a second lensing mass, was inside the footprint of our second-generation microlensing survey, involving MOA, OGLE and the Wise Observatory. The event was observed by the survey groups, without prompting alerts that could have led to dedicated follow-up observations. Fitting a microlensing model to the data, we find that the timescale of the event was t_E=23.2 +/-0.8 days, and the mass ratio between the lens star and its companion is q=0.028 +/-0.001. Finite-source effects are marginally detected, and upper limits on them help break some of the degeneracy in the system parameters. Using a Bayesian analysis that incorporates a Galactic structure model, we estimate the mass of the lens at 0.39 +0.45/-0.19 M_sun, at a distance of 7.56 +/-0.91 kpc. Thus, the companion is likely a planet of mass 11.6 +13.4/-5.6 M_J, at a projected separation of 4.3 +1.5/-1.2 AU, rather far beyond the snow line. This is the first pure-survey planet reported from a second-generation microlensing survey, and shows that survey data alone can be sufficient to characterize a planetary model. With the detection of additional survey-only planets, we will be able to constrain the frequency of extrasolar planets near their systems' snow lines., Comment: MNRAS in press, 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2013
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53. MOA-2010-BLG-328Lb: a sub-Neptune orbiting very late M dwarf ?

Author: Furusawa, K., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Gould, A., Jorgensen, U. G., Snodgrass, C., Prester, D. Dominis, Albrow, M. D., Abe, F., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Harris, P., Itow, Y., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Szymanski, M. K., Soszynski, I., Kubiak, M., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Pietrzynski, G., Wyrzykowski, L., Choi, J. Y., Christie, G. W., DePoy, D. L., Dong, S., Drummond, J., Gaudi, B. S., Han, C., Hung, L. -W., Jung, Y. -K., Lee, C. -U., McCormick, J., Moorhouse, D., Natusch, T., Nola, M., Ofek, E., Park, B. G., Park, H., Pogge, R. W., Shin, I. -G., Skowron, J., Thornley, G., Yee, J. C., Alsubai, K. A., Bozza, V., Browne, P., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Dominik, M., Finet, F., Gerner, T., Hardis, S., Harpsoe, K., Hinse, T. C., Hundertmark, M., Kains, N., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Proft, S., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Schafer, S., Schonebeck, F., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., Wambsganss, J., Street, R. A., Bramich, D. M., Steele, I. A., Tsapras, Y., Horne, K., Donatowicz, J., Sahu, K. C., Bachelet, E., Batista, V., Beatty, T. G., Beaulieu, J. -P., Bennett, C. S., Black, C., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Cole, A. A., Corrales, E., Coutures, C., Dieters, S., Fouque, P., Greenhill, J., Henderson, C. B., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Martin, R., Menzies, J. W., Shappee, B., Williams, A., Wouters, D., van Saders, J., Zellem, R., and Zub, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We analyze the planetary microlensing event MOA-2010-BLG-328. The best fit yields host and planetary masses of Mh = 0.11+/-0.01 M_{sun} and Mp = 9.2+/-2.2M_Earth, corresponding to a very late M dwarf and sub-Neptune-mass planet, respectively. The system lies at DL = 0.81 +/- 0.10 kpc with projected separation r = 0.92 +/- 0.16 AU. Because of the host's a-priori-unlikely close distance, as well as the unusual nature of the system, we consider the possibility that the microlens parallax signal, which determines the host mass and distance, is actually due to xallarap (source orbital motion) that is being misinterpreted as parallax. We show a result that favors the parallax solution, even given its close host distance. We show that future high-resolution astrometric measurements could decisively resolve the remaining ambiguity of these solutions., Comment: 30 pages, 6 figures. accepted for publication in ApJ. Figure 1 and 2 are updated
Published: 2013
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54. Interpretation of a Short-Term Anomaly in the Gravitational Microlensing Event MOA-2012-BLG-486

Author: Hwang, K. -H., Choi, J. -Y., Bond, I. A., Sumi, T., Han, C., Gaudi, B. S., Gould, A., Bozza, V., Beaulieu, J. -P., Tsapras, Y., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Fukunaga, D., Harris, P., Itow, Y., Koshimoto, N., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Namba, S., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Suzuki, D., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yamai, N., Yock, P. C. M., Yonehara, A., de Almeida, L. Andrade, DePoy, D. L., Dong, Subo, Jablonski, F., Jung, Y. K., Kavka, A., Lee, C. -U., Park, H., Pogge, R. W., Shin, I. -G., Yee, J. C., Albrow, M. D., Bachelet, E., Batista, V., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Corrales, E., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouqué, P., Greenhill, J., Jørgensen, U. G., Kane, S. R., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Martin, R., Meintjes, P., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Williams, A., Wouters, D., Bramich, D. M., Dominik, M., Horne, K., Browne, P., Hundertmark, M., Ipatov, S., Kains, N., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., and Street, R. A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: A planetary microlensing signal is generally characterized by a short-term perturbation to the standard single lensing light curve. A subset of binary-source events can produce perturbations that mimic planetary signals, thereby introducing an ambiguity between the planetary and binary-source interpretations. In this paper, we present analysis of the microlensing event MOA-2012-BLG-486, for which the light curve exhibits a short-lived perturbation. Routine modeling not considering data taken in different passbands yields a best-fit planetary model that is slightly preferred over the best-fit binary-source model. However, when allowed for a change in the color during the perturbation, we find that the binary-source model yields a significantly better fit and thus the degeneracy is clearly resolved. This event not only signifies the importance of considering various interpretations of short-term anomalies, but also demonstrates the importance of multi-band data for checking the possibility of false-positive planetary signals., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures and ApJ submitted
Published: 2013
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55. Microlensing Discovery of a Tight, Low Mass-ratio Planetary-mass Object around an Old, Field Brown Dwarf

Author: Han, C., Jung, Y. K., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Gaudi, B. S., Gould, A., Bennett, D. P., Tsapras, Y., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzyński, G., Soszyński, I., Skowron, J., Kozłowski, S., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Pietrukowicz, P., Abe, F., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Harris, P., Itow, Y., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Suzuki, D., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Batista, V., Christie, G., Choi, J. -Y., DePoy, D. L., Dong, Subo, Hwang, K. -H., Kavka, A., Lee, C. -U., Monard, L. A. G., Natusch, T., Ngan, H., Park, H., Pogge, R. W., Porritt, I., Shin, I. -G., Tan, T. G., Yee, J. C., Alsubai, K. A., Bozza, V., Bramich, D. M., Browne, P., Dominik, M., Horne, K., Hundertmark, M., Ipatov, S., Kains, N., Liebig, C., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., and Street, R. A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Observations of accretion disks around young brown dwarfs have led to the speculation that they may form planetary systems similar to normal stars. While there have been several detections of planetary-mass objects around brown dwarfs (2MASS 1207-3932 and 2MASS 0441-2301), these companions have relatively large mass ratios and projected separations, suggesting that they formed in a manner analogous to stellar binaries. We present the discovery of a planetary-mass object orbiting a field brown dwarf via gravitational microlensing, OGLE-2012-BLG-0358Lb. The system is a low secondary/primary mass ratio (0.080 +- 0.001), relatively tightly-separated (~0.87 AU) binary composed of a planetary-mass object with 1.9 +- 0.2 Jupiter masses orbiting a brown dwarf with a mass 0.022 M_Sun. The relatively small mass ratio and separation suggest that the companion may have formed in a protoplanetary disk around the brown dwarf host, in a manner analogous to planets., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, Submitted in ApJ
Published: 2013
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56. The Microlensing Event Rate and Optical Depth Toward the Galactic Bulge from MOA-II

Author: Sumi, T., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Abe, F., Botzler, C. S., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Itow, Y., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, J., Wada, K., and Yock, P. C. M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present measurements of the microlensing optical depth and event rate toward the Galactic Bulge based on two years of the MOA-II survey. This sample contains ~1000 microlensing events, with an Einstein Radius crossing time of t_E < 200 days between -5
Published: 2013
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57. A Giant Planet beyond the Snow Line in Microlensing Event OGLE-2011-BLG-0251

Author: Kains, N., Street, R., Choi, J. -Y., Han, C., Udalski, A., Almeida, L. A., Jablonski, F., Tristram, P., Jorgensen, U. G., Szymanski, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzynski, G., Soszynski, I., Poleski, R., Kozlowski, S., Pietrukowicz, P., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, L., Skowron, J., Alsubai, K. A., Bozza, V., Browne, P., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Dominik, M., Dreizler, S., Fang, X. -S., Grundahl, F., Gu, C. -H., Hardis, S., Harpsoe, K., Hessman, F. V., Hinse, T. C., Hornstrup, A., Hundertmark, M., Jessen-Hansen, J., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Lund, M., Lundkvist, M., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Sahu, K. C., Scarpetta, G., Skottfelt, J., Snodgrass, C., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., Tregloan-Reed, J., Wambsganss, J., Wertz, O., Bajek, D., Bramich, D. M., Horne, K., Ipatov, S., Steele, I. A., Tsapras, Y., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Itow, Y., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N., Saito, T., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Suzuki, K., Sweatman, W. L., Takino, S., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Allen, W., Batista, V., Chung, S. -J., Christie, G., DePoy, D. L., Drummond, J., Gaudi, B. S., Gould, A., Henderson, C., Jung, Y. -K., Koo, J. -R., Lee, C. -U., McCormick, J., McGregor, D., Munoz, J. A., Natusch, T., Ngan, H., Park, H., Pogge, R. W., Shin, I. -G., Yee, J., Albrow, M. D., Bachelet, E., Beaulieu, J. -P., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Corrales, E., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouque, P., Greenhill, J., Kane, S. R., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Martin, R., Meintjes, P., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Williams, A., Wouters, D., and Zub, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the analysis of the gravitational microlensing event OGLE-2011-BLG-0251. This anomalous event was observed by several survey and follow-up collaborations conducting microlensing observations towards the Galactic Bulge. Based on detailed modelling of the observed light curve, we find that the lens is composed of two masses with a mass ratio q=1.9 x 10^-3. Thanks to our detection of higher-order effects on the light curve due to the Earth's orbital motion and the finite size of source, we are able to measure the mass and distance to the lens unambiguously. We find that the lens is made up of a planet of mass 0.53 +- 0.21,M_Jup orbiting an M dwarf host star with a mass of 0.26 +- 0.11 M_Sun. The planetary system is located at a distance of 2.57 +- 0.61 kpc towards the Galactic Centre. The projected separation of the planet from its host star is d=1.408 +- 0.019, in units of the Einstein radius, which corresponds to 2.72 +- 0.75 AU in physical units. We also identified a competitive model with similar planet and host star masses, but with a smaller orbital radius of 1.50 +- 0.50 AU. The planet is therefore located beyond the snow line of its host star, which we estimate to be around 1-1.5 AU., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables; A&A in press
Published: 2013
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58. Microlensing Discovery of a Population of Very Tight, Very Low-mass Binary Brown Dwarfs

Author: Choi, J. -Y., Han, C., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Gaudi, B. S., Gould, A., Bennett, D. P., Dominik, M., Beaulieu, J. -P., Tsapras, Y., Bozza, V., Abe, F., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Itow, Y., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, K., Sweatman, W. L., Suzuki, D., Takino, S., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzyński, G., Soszyński, I., Skowron, J., Kozłowski, S., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Pietrukowicz, P., Almeida, L. A., DePoy, D. L., Dong, Subo, Gorbikov, E., Jablonski, F., Henderson, C. B., Hwang, K. -H., Janczak, J., Jung, Y. -K., Kaspi, S., Lee, C. -U., Malamud, U., Maoz, D., McGregor, D., Munoz, J. A., Park, B. -G., Park, H., Pogge, R. W., Shvartzvald, Y., Shin, I. -G., Yee, J. C., Alsubai, K. A., Browne, P., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Fang, X. -S., Finet, F., Glitrup, M., Grundahl, F., Gu, S. -H., Hardis, S., Harpsøe, K., Hinse, T. C., Hornstrup, A., Hundertmark, M., Jessen-Hansen, J., Jørgensen, U. G., Kains, N., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Lund, M. N., Lundkvist, M., Maier, G., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Skottfelt, J., Snodgrass, C., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., Tregloan-Reed, J., Wambsganss, J., Wertz, O., Zimmer, F., Albrow, M. D., Bachelet, E., Batista, V., Brillant, S., Cassan, A., Cole, A. A., Coutures, C., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouqué, P., Greenhill, J., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Menzies, J. W., Sahu, K. C., Zub, M., Bramich, D. M., Horne, K., Steele, I. A., and Street, R. A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Although many models have been proposed, the physical mechanisms responsible for the formation of low-mass brown dwarfs are poorly understood. The multiplicity properties and minimum mass of the brown-dwarf mass function provide critical empirical diagnostics of these mechanisms. We present the discovery via gravitational microlensing of two very low-mass, very tight binary systems. These binaries have directly and precisely measured total system masses of 0.025 Msun and 0.034 Msun, and projected separations of 0.31 AU and 0.19 AU, making them the lowest-mass and tightest field brown-dwarf binaries known. The discovery of a population of such binaries indicates that brown dwarf binaries can robustly form at least down to masses of ~0.02 Msun. Future microlensing surveys will measure a mass-selected sample of brown-dwarf binary systems, which can then be directly compared to similar samples of stellar binaries., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, ApJ submitted
Published: 2013
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59. MOA-2010-BLG-073L: An M-Dwarf with a Substellar Companion at the Planet/Brown Dwarf Boundary

Author: Street, R. A., Choi, J. -Y., Tsapras, Y., Han, C., Furusawa, K., Hundertmark, M., Gould, A., Sumi, T., Bond, I. A., Wouters, D., Zellem, R., Udalski, A., Snodgrass, C., Horne, K., Dominik, M., Browne, P., Kains, N., Bramich, D. M., Bajek, D., Steele, I. A., Ipatov, S., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Harris, P., Itow, Y., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nagayama, T., Nishimaya, S., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Szymanski, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzynski, G., Soszynski, I., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, L., Yee, J., Dong, S., Shin, I. -G., Lee, C. -U., Skowron, J., De Almeida, L. Andrade, DePoy, D. L., Gaudi, B. S., Hung, L. -W., Jablonski, F., Kaspi, S., Klein, N., Hwang, K. -H., Koo, J. -R., Maoz, D., Munoz, J. A., Pogge, R. W., Polishhook, D., Shporer, A., McCormick, J., Christie, G., Natusch, T., Allen, B., Drummond, J., Moorhouse, D., Thornley, G., Knowler, M., Bos, M., Bolt, G., Beaulieu, J. -P., Albrow, M. D., Batista, V., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Corrales, E., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouque, P., Bachelet, E., Greenhill, J., Kane, S. R., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Martin, R., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Sahu, K. C., Wambsganss, J., Williams, A., Zub, M., Alsubai, K. A., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Dreizler, S., Finet, F., Gerner, T., Hardis, S., Harpsoe, K., Hessman, F., Hinse, T. C., Jorgensen, U. G., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Proft, S., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Schafer, S., Schonebeck, F., Southworth, J., and Surdej, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We present an analysis of the anomalous microlensing event, MOA-2010-BLG-073, announced by the Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics survey on 2010-03-18. This event was remarkable because the source was previously known to be photometrically variable. Analyzing the pre-event source lightcurve, we demonstrate that it is an irregular variable over time scales >200d. Its dereddened color, $(V-I)_{S,0}$, is 1.221$\pm$0.051mag and from our lens model we derive a source radius of 14.7$\pm$1.3 $R_{\odot}$, suggesting that it is a red giant star. We initially explored a number of purely microlensing models for the event but found a residual gradient in the data taken prior to and after the event. This is likely to be due to the variability of the source rather than part of the lensing event, so we incorporated a slope parameter in our model in order to derive the true parameters of the lensing system. We find that the lensing system has a mass ratio of q=0.0654$\pm$0.0006. The Einstein crossing time of the event, $T_{\rm{E}}=44.3$\pm$0.1d, was sufficiently long that the lightcurve exhibited parallax effects. In addition, the source trajectory relative to the large caustic structure allowed the orbital motion of the lens system to be detected. Combining the parallax with the Einstein radius, we were able to derive the distance to the lens, $D_L$=2.8$\pm$0.4kpc, and the masses of the lensing objects. The primary of the lens is an M-dwarf with $M_{L,p}$=0.16$\pm0.03M_{\odot}$ while the companion has $M_{L,s}$=11.0$\pm2.0M_{\rm{J}}$ putting it in the boundary zone between planets and brown dwarfs., Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures, best viewed in colour, accepted by ApJ
Published: 2012
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60. MOA-2010-BLG-311: A planetary candidate below the threshold of reliable detection

Author: Yee, J. C., Hung, L. -W., Bond, I. A., Allen, W., Monard, L. A. G., Albrow, M. D., Fouque, P., Dominik, M., Tsapras, Y., Udalski, A., Gould, A., Zellem, R., Bos, M., Christie, G. W., DePoy, D. L., Dong, Subo, Drummond, J., Gaudi, B. S., Gorbikov, E., Han, C., Kaspi, S., Klein, N., Lee, C. -U., Maoz, D., McCormick, J., Moorhouse, D., Natusch, T., Nola, M., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Polishook, D., Shporer, A., Shvartzvald, Y., Skowron, J., Thornley, G., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Harris, P., Itow, Y., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Szymanski, M. K., Soszynski, I., Kubiak, M., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Pietrzynski, G., Wyrzykowski, L., Bachelet, E., Batista, V., Beatty, T. G., Beaulieu, J. -P., Bennett, C. S., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Cole, A. A., Corrales, E., Coutures, C., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Greenhill, J., Henderson, C. B., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Martin, R., Menzies, J. W., Shappee, B., Williams, A., Wouters, D., van Saders, J., Zub, M., Street, R. A., Horne, K., Bramich, D. M., Steele, I. A., Alsubai, K. A., Bozza, V., Browne, P., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Finet, F., Gerner, T., Hardis, S., Harpsoe, K., Hessman, F. V., Hinse, T. C., Hundertmark, M., Jorgensen, U. G., Kains, N., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Proft, S., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Sahu, K. C., Scarpetta, G., Schafer, S., Schonebeck, F., Snodgrass, C., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., and Wambsgans, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We analyze MOA-2010-BLG-311, a high magnification (A_max>600) microlensing event with complete data coverage over the peak, making it very sensitive to planetary signals. We fit this event with both a point lens and a 2-body lens model and find that the 2-body lens model is a better fit but with only Delta chi^2~80. The preferred mass ratio between the lens star and its companion is $q=10^(-3.7+/-0.1), placing the candidate companion in the planetary regime. Despite the formal significance of the planet, we show that because of systematics in the data the evidence for a planetary companion to the lens is too tenuous to claim a secure detection. When combined with analyses of other high-magnification events, this event helps empirically define the threshold for reliable planet detection in high-magnification events, which remains an open question., Comment: 29 pages, 6 Figures, 3 Tables. For a brief video presentation on this paper, please see http://www.youtube.com/user/OSUAstronomy 10/25/2012 - Updated author list. Replaced 10/10/13 to reflect the version published in ApJ
Published: 2012
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61. MOA-2010-BLG-523: 'Failed Planet' = RS CVn Star

Author: Gould, A., Yee, J. C., Bond, I. A., Udalski, A., Han, C., Jorgensen, U. G., Greenhill, J., Tsapras, Y., Pinsonneault, M. H., Bensby, T., Allen, W., Almeida, L. A., Bos, M., Christie, G. W., DePoy, D. L., Dong, Subo, Gaudi, B. S., Hung, L. -W., Jablonski, F., Lee, C. -U., McCormick, J., Moorhouse, D., Munoz, J. A., Natusch, T., Nola, M., Pogge, R. W., Skowron, J., Thornley, G., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Harris, P., Itow, Y., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Szymanski, M. K., Soszynski, I., Kubiak, M., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Pietrzynski, G., Wyrzykowski, L., Alsubai, K. A., Bozza, V., Browne, P., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Dominik, M., Finet, F., Gerner, T., Hardis, S., Harpsoe, K., Hessman, F. V., Hinse, T. C., Hundertmark, M., Kains, N., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Proft, S., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Sahu, K. C., Scarpetta, G., Schafer, S., Schonebeck, F., Snodgrass, C., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., Wambsganss, J., Street, R. A., Horne, K., Bramich, D. M., Steele, I. A., Albrow, M. D., Bachelet, E., Batista, V., Beatty, T. G., Beaulieu, J. -P., Bennett, C. S., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Cole, A. A., Corrales, E., Coutures, C., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouque, P., Henderson, C. B., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B, Martin, R., Menzies, J. W., Shappee, B., Williams, A., van Saders, J., and Zub, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The Galactic bulge source MOA-2010-BLG-523S exhibited short-term deviations from a standard microlensing lightcurve near the peak of an Amax ~ 265 high-magnification microlensing event. The deviations originally seemed consistent with expectations for a planetary companion to the principal lens. We combine long-term photometric monitoring with a previously published high-resolution spectrum taken near peak to demonstrate that this is an RS CVn variable, so that planetary microlensing is not required to explain the lightcurve deviations. This is the first spectroscopically confirmed RS CVn star discovered in the Galactic bulge., Comment: 29 pp, 6 figs, submitted to ApJ
Published: 2012
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62. Using Orbital Effects to Break the Close/wide Degeneracy in Binary-lens Microlensing Events

Author: Shin, I. -G., Sumi, T., Udalski, A., Choi, J. -Y., Han, C., Gould, A., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Harris, P., Itow, Y., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Soszyński, I., Pietrzyński, G., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Pietrukowicz, P., Kozłowski, S., Skowron, J., and Wyrzykowski, Ł.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Microlensing can provide an important tool to study binaries, especially those composed of faint or dark objects. However, accurate analysis of binary-lens light curves is often hampered by the well-known degeneracy between close (s<1) and wide (s>1) binaries, which can be very severe due to an intrinsic symmetry in the lens equation. Here s is the normalized projected binary separation. In this paper, we propose a method that can resolve the close/wide degeneracy using the effect of a lens orbital motion on lensing light curves. The method is based on the fact that the orbital effect tends to be important for close binaries while it is negligible for wide binaries. We demonstrate the usefulness of the method by applying it to an actually observed binary-lens event MOA-2011-BLG-040/OGLE-2011-BLG-0001, which suffers from severe close/wide degeneracy. From this, we are able to uniquely specify that the lens is composed of K and M-type dwarfs located at ~3.5 kpc from the Earth., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2012
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63. Microlensig Binaries with Candidate Brown Dwarf Companions

Author: Shin, I. -G., Han, C., Gould, A., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Dominik, M., Beaulieu, J. -P., Tsapras, Y., Bozza, V., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Soszyński, I., Pietrzyński, G., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Pietrukowicz, P., Kozłowski, S., Skowron, J., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hayashi, F., Hearnshaw, J. B., Hosaka, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Kobara, S., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Makita, S., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Nishimoto, K., Ohnishi, K., Okumura, T., Omori, K., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Christie, G. W., Depoy, D. L., Dong, S., Gal-Yam, A., Gaudi, B. S., Hung, L. -W., Janczak, J., Kaspi, S., Maoz, D., McCormick, J., McGregor, D., Moorhouse, D., Muñoz, J. A., Natusch, T., Nelson, C., Pogge, R. W., Tan, T. -G., Polishook, D., Shvartzvald, Y., Shporer, A., Thornley, G., Malamud, U., Yee, J. C., Choi, J. -Y., Jung, Y. -K., Park, H., Lee, C. -U., Park, B. -G., Koo, J. -R., Bajek, D., Bramich, D. M., Browne, P., Horne, K., Ipatov, S., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I., Street, R., Alsubai, K. A., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Dreizler, S., Fang, X. -S., Grundahl, F., Gu, C. -H., Hardis, S., Harpsøe, K., Hinse, T. C., Hundertmark, M., Jessen-Hansen, J., Jørgensen, U. G., Kains, N., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Lund, M., Lundkvist, M., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Hornstrup, A., Penny, M. T., Proft, S., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Skottfelt, J., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., Tregloan-Reed, J., Wertz, O., Zimmer, F., Albrow, M. D., Batista, V., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Calitz, J. J., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Cook, K. H., Corrales, E., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouqué, P., Greenhill, J., Hill, K., Hoffman, M., Kane, S. R., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Martin, R., Meintjes, P., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Sahu, K. C., Wambsganss, J., Williams, A., Vinter, C., and Zub, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Brown dwarfs are important objects because they may provide a missing link between stars and planets, two populations that have dramatically different formation history. In this paper, we present the candidate binaries with brown dwarf companions that are found by analyzing binary microlensing events discovered during 2004 - 2011 observation seasons. Based on the low mass ratio criterion of q < 0.2, we found 7 candidate events, including OGLE-2004-BLG-035, OGLE-2004-BLG-039, OGLE-2007-BLG-006, OGLE-2007-BLG-399/MOA-2007-BLG-334, MOA-2011-BLG-104/OGLE-2011-BLG-0172, MOA-2011-BLG-149, and MOA-201-BLG-278/OGLE-2011-BLG-012N. Among them, we are able to confirm that the companions of the lenses of MOA-2011-BLG-104/OGLE-2011-BLG-0172 and MOA-2011-BLG-149 are brown dwarfs by determining the mass of the lens based on the simultaneous measurement of the Einstein radius and the lens parallax. The measured mass of the brown dwarf companions are (0.02 +/- 0.01) M_Sun and (0.019 +/- 0.002) M_Sun for MOA-2011-BLG-104/OGLE-2011-BLG-0172 and MOA-2011-BLG-149, respectively, and both companions are orbiting low mass M dwarf host stars. More microlensing brown dwarfs are expected to be detected as the number of lensing events with well covered light curves increases with new generation searches., Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables
Published: 2012
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64. A possible binary system of a stellar remnant in the high magnification gravitational microlensing event OGLE-2007-BLG-514

Author: Miyake, N., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Bennett, D. P., Dong, S., Street, R. A., Greenhill, J., Bond, I. A., Gould, A., Kubiak, M., Szymanski, M. K., Pietrzynski, G., Soszynski, I., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, L., Abe, F., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Holderness, S., Itow, Y., Korpela, A., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Nagayama, T., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sako, T., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Yock, P. C. M., Allen, W., Christie, G. W., DePoy, D. L., Gaudi, B. S., Han, C., Lee, C. -U., McCormick, J., Monard, B., Natusch, T., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Allan, A., Bode, M., Bramich, D. M., Clay, N., Dominik, M., Horne, K. D., Kains, N., Mottram, C., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I., Tsapras, Y., Albrow, M. D., Batista, V., Beaulieu, J. P., Brillant, S., Burgdorf, M., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Cook, K. H., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouque, P., Jorgensen, U. G., Kane, S., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. B., Martin, R., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Sahu, K. C., Wambsganss, J., Williams, A., and Zub, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the extremely high magnification (A > 1000) binary microlensing event OGLE-2007-BLG-514. We obtained good coverage around the double peak structure in the light curve via follow-up observations from different observatories. The binary lens model that includes the effects of parallax (known orbital motion of the Earth) and orbital motion of the lens yields a binary lens mass ratio of q = 0.321 +/- 0.007 and a projected separation of s = 0.072 +/- 0.001$ in units of the Einstein radius. The parallax parameters allow us to determine the lens distance D_L = 3.11 +/- 0.39 kpc and total mass M_L=1.40 +/- 0.18 M_sun; this leads to the primary and secondary components having masses of M_1 = 1.06 +/- 0.13 M_sun and M_2 = 0.34 +/- 0.04 M_sun, respectively. The parallax model indicates that the binary lens system is likely constructed by the main sequence stars. On the other hand, we used a Bayesian analysis to estimate probability distributions by the model that includes the effects of xallarap (possible orbital motion of the source around a companion) and parallax (q = 0.270 +/- 0.005, s = 0.083 +/- 0.001). The primary component of the binary lens is relatively massive with M_1 = 0.9_{-0.3}^{+4.6} M_sun and it is at a distance of D_L = 2.6_{-0.9}^{+3.8} kpc. Given the secure mass ratio measurement, the companion mass is therefore M_2 = 0.2_{-0.1}^{+1.2} M_sun. The xallarap model implies that the primary lens is likely a stellar remnant, such as a white dwarf, a neutron star or a black hole., Comment: 31 pages, 6 figures, 7 tables, accepted in ApJ
Published: 2012
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65. MOA-2010-BLG-477Lb: constraining the mass of a microlensing planet from microlensing parallax, orbital motion and detection of blended light

Author: Bachelet, E., Shin, I. -G., Han, C., Fouqué, P., Gould, A., Menzies, J. W., Beaulieu, J. -P., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Dong, Subo, Heyrovský, D., Marquette, J. B., Marshall, J., Skowron, J., Street, R. A., Sumi, T., Udalski, A., Abe, L., Agabi, K., Albrow, M. D., Allen, W., Bertin, E., Bos, M., Bramich, D. M., Chavez, J., Christie, G. W., Cole, A. A., Crouzet, N., Dieters, S., Dominik, M., Drummond, J., Greenhill, J., Guillot, T., Henderson, C. B., Hessman, F. V., Horne, K., Hundertmark, M., Johnson, J. A., Jørgensen, U. G., Kandori, R., Liebig, C., Mékarnia, D., McCormick, J., Moorhouse, D., Nagayama, T., Nataf, D., Natusch, T., Nishiyama, S., Rivet, J. -P., Sahu, K. C., Shvartzvald, Y., Thornley, G., Tomczak, A. R., Tsapras, Y., Yee, J. C., Batista, V., Bennett, C. S., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Corrales, E., Coutures, C., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Kubas, D., Martin, R., Williams, A., Zub, M., de Almeida, L. Andrade, DePoy, D. L., Gaudi, B. S., Hung, L. -W., Jablonski, F., Kaspi, S., Klein, N., Lee, C. -U., Lee, Y., Koo, J. -R., Maoz, D., Muñoz, J. A., Pogge, R. W., Polishook, D., Shporer, A., Abe, F., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Harris, P., Itow, Y., Kobara, S., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Ohmori, K., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Szymański, M. K., Soszyński, I., Kubiak, M., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Pietrzyński, G., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Kains, N., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., Alsubai, K. A., Bozza, V., Browne, P., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Dreizler, S., Finet, F., Gerner, T., Hardis, S., Harpsøe, K., Hinse, T. C., Kerins, E., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Proft, S., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Schäfer, S., Schönebeck, F., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., and Wambsganss, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Microlensing detections of cool planets are important for the construction of an unbiased sample to estimate the frequency of planets beyond the snow line, which is where giant planets are thought to form according to the core accretion theory of planet formation. In this paper, we report the discovery of a giant planet detected from the analysis of the light curve of a high-magnification microlensing event MOA-2010-BLG-477. The measured planet-star mass ratio is $q=(2.181\pm0.004)\times 10^{-3}$ and the projected separation is $s=1.1228\pm0.0006$ in units of the Einstein radius. The angular Einstein radius is unusually large $\theta_{\rm E}=1.38\pm 0.11$ mas. Combining this measurement with constraints on the "microlens parallax" and the lens flux, we can only limit the host mass to the range $0.13
Published: 2012
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66. A New Type of Ambiguity in the Planet and Binary Interpretations of Central Perturbations of High-Magnification Gravitational Microlensing Events

Author: Choi, J. -Y., Shin, I. -G., Han, C., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Gould, A., Bozza, V., Dominik, M., Fouqué, P., Horne, K., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Soszyński, I., Pietrzyński, G., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Pietrukowicz, P., Kozłowski, S., Skowron, J., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Itow, Y., Kobara, S., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Ohmori, K., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Suzuki, K., Sweatman, W. L., Takino, S., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Bramich, D. M., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., Street, R. A., Tsapras, Y., Alsubai, K. A., Browne, P., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Dreizler, S., Fang, X. -S., Grundahl, F., Gu, C. -H., Hardis, S., Harpsøe, K., Hinse, T. C., Hornstrup, A., Hundertmark, M., Jessen-Hansen, J., Jørgensen, U. G., Kains, N., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Lund, M., Lunkkvist, M., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Skottfelt, J., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., Tregloan-Reed, J., Wambsganss, J., Wertz, O., Almeida, L. A., Batista, V., Christie, G., DePoy, D. L., Dong, Subo, Gaudi, B. S., Henderson, C., Jablonski, F., Lee, C. -U., McCormick, J., McGregor, D., Moorhouse, D., Natusch, T., Ngan, H., Park, S. -Y., Pogge, R. W., Tan, T. -G., Thornley, G., Yee, J. C., Albrow, M. D., Bachelet, E., Beaulieu, J. -P., Brillant, S., Cassan, A., Cole, A. A., Corrales, E., Coutures, C., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Greenhill, J., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Menzies, J. W., Sahu, K. C., and Zub, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: High-magnification microlensing events provide an important channel to detect planets. Perturbations near the peak of a high-magnification event can be produced either by a planet or a binary companion. It is known that central perturbations induced by both types of companions can be generally distinguished due to the basically different magnification pattern around caustics. In this paper, we present a case of central perturbations for which it is difficult to distinguish the planetary and binary interpretations. The peak of a lensing light curve affected by this perturbation appears to be blunt and flat. For a planetary case, this perturbation occurs when the source trajectory passes the negative perturbation region behind the back end of an arrowhead-shaped central caustic. For a binary case, a similar perturbation occurs for a source trajectory passing through the negative perturbation region between two cusps of an astroid-shaped caustic. We demonstrate the degeneracy for 2 high-magnification events of OGLE-2011-BLG-0526 and OGLE-2011-BLG-0950/MOA-2011-BLG-336. For OGLE-2011-BLG-0526, the $\chi^2$ difference between the planetary and binary model is $\sim$ 3, implying that the degeneracy is very severe. For OGLE-2011-BLG-0950/MOA-2011-BLG-336, the stellar binary model is formally excluded with $\Delta \chi^2 \sim$ 105 and the planetary model is preferred. However, it is difficult to claim a planet discovery because systematic residuals of data from the planetary model are larger than the difference between the planetary and binary models. Considering that 2 events observed during a single season suffer from such a degeneracy, it is expected that central perturbations experiencing this type of degeneracy is common., Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2012
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67. Characterizing Low-Mass Binaries From Observation of Long Time-scale Caustic-crossing Gravitational Microlensing Events

Author: Shin, I. -G., Han, C., Choi, J. -Y., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Gould, A., Bozza, V., Dominik, M., Fouqué, P., Horne, K., Szymański, K., Kubiak, M., Soszyński, I., Pietrzyński, G., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Pietrukowicz, P., Kozłowski, S., Skowron, J., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Chote, P., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Itow, Y., Kobara, S., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Ohmori, K., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Suzuki, K., Sweatman, W. L., Takino, S., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Bramich, D. M., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., Street, R. A., Tsapras, Y., Alsubai, K. A., Browne, P., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Dreizler, S., Fang, X. -S., Grundahl, F., Gu, C. -H., Hardis, S., Harpsøe, K., Hinse, T. C., Hornstrup, A., Hundertmark, M., Jessen-Hansen, J., Jørgensen, U. G., Kains, N., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Lund, M., Lunkkvist, M., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Skottfelt, J., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., Tregloan-Reed, J., Wambsganss, J., Wertz, O., Almeida, L. A., Batista, V., Christie, G., DePoy, D. L., Dong, Subo, Gaudi, B. S., Henderson, C., Jablonski, F., Lee, C. -U., McCormick, J., McGregor, D., Moorhouse, D., Natusch, T., Ngan, H., Park, S. -Y., Pogge, R. W., Tan, T. -G., Thornley, G., Yee, J. C., Albrow, M. D., Bachelet, E., Beaulieu, J. -P., Brillant, S., Cassan, A., Cole, A. A., Corrales, E., Coutures, C., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Greenhill, J., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Menzies, J. W., Sahu, K. C., and Zub, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Despite astrophysical importance of binary star systems, detections are limited to those located in small ranges of separations, distances, and masses and thus it is necessary to use a variety of observational techniques for a complete view of stellar multiplicity across a broad range of physical parameters. In this paper, we report the detections and measurements of 2 binaries discovered from observations of microlensing events MOA-2011-BLG-090 and OGLE-2011-BLG-0417. Determinations of the binary masses are possible by simultaneously measuring the Einstein radius and the lens parallax. The measured masses of the binary components are 0.43 $M_{\odot}$ and 0.39 $M_{\odot}$ for MOA-2011-BLG-090 and 0.57 $M_{\odot}$ and 0.17 $M_{\odot}$ for OGLE-2011-BLG-0417 and thus both lens components of MOA-2011-BLG-090 and one component of OGLE-2011-BLG-0417 are M dwarfs, demonstrating the usefulness of microlensing in detecting binaries composed of low-mass components. From modeling of the light curves considering full Keplerian motion of the lens, we also measure the orbital parameters of the binaries. The blended light of OGLE-2011-BLG-0417 comes very likely from the lens itself, making it possible to check the microlensing orbital solution by follow-up radial-velocity observation. For both events, the caustic-crossing parts of the light curves, which are critical for determining the physical lens parameters, were resolved by high-cadence survey observations and thus it is expected that the number of microlensing binaries with measured physical parameters will increase in the future., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
Published: 2012
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68. Planetary and Other Short Binary Microlensing Events from the MOA Short Event Analysis

Author: Bennett, D. P., Sumi, T., Bond, I. A., Kamiya, K., Abe, F., Botzler, C. S., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Itow, Y., Korpela, A. V., Kilmartin, P. M., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., and Yock, P. C. M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the analysis of four candidate short duration binary microlensing events from the 2006-2007 MOA Project short event analysis. These events were discovered as a byproduct of an analysis designed to find short timescale single lens events that may be due to free-floating planets. Three of these events are determined to be microlensing events, while the fourth is most likely caused by stellar variability. For each of the three microlensing events, the signal is almost entirely due to a brief caustic feature with little or no lensing attributable mainly to the lens primary. One of these events, MOA-bin-1, is due to a planet, and it is the first example of a planetary event in which stellar host is only detected through binary microlensing effects. The mass ratio and separation are q = 4.9 +- 1.4 x 10^{-3} and s = 2.10 +- 0.05, respectively. A Bayesian analysis based on a standard Galactic model indicates that the planet, MOA-bin-1Lb, has a mass of m_p = 3.7 +- 2.1 M_{Jup}, and orbits a star of M_* = 0.75{+0.33 -0.41} M_solar at a semi-major axis of a = 8.3 {+4.5 -2.7} AU. This is one of the most massive and widest separation planets found by microlensing. The scarcity of such wide separation planets also has implications for interpretation of the isolated planetary mass objects found by this analysis. If we assume that we have been able to detect wide separation planets with a efficiency at least as high as that for isolated planets, then we can set limits on the distribution on planets in wide orbits. In particular, if the entire isolated planet sample found by Sumi et al. (2011) consists of planets bound in wide orbits around stars, we find that it is likely that the median orbital semi-major axis is > 30 AU., Comment: 47 pages with 14 figures
Published: 2012
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69. OGLE-2008-BLG-510: first automated real-time detection of a weak microlensing anomaly - brown dwarf or stellar binary?

Author: Bozza, V., Dominik, M., Rattenbury, N. J., Joergensen, U. G., Tsapras, Y., Bramich, D. M., Udalski, A., Bond, I. A., Liebig, C., Cassan, A., Fouque, P., Fukui, A., Hundertmark, M., Shin, I. -G., Lee, S. H., Choi, J. -Y., Park, S. -Y., Gould, A., Allan, A., Mao, S., Wyrzykowski, L., Street, R. A., Buckley, D., Nagayama, T., Mathiasen, M., Hinse, T. C., Novati, S. Calchi, Harpsoee, K., Mancini, L., Scarpetta, G., Anguita, T., Burgdorf, M. J., Horne, K., Hornstrup, A., Kains, N., Kerins, E., Kjaergaard, P., Masi, G., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Snodgrass, C., Southworth, J., Steele, I. A., Surdej, J., Thoene, C. C., Wambsganss, J., Zub, M., Albrow, M. D., Batista, V., Beaulieu, J. -P., Bennett, D. P., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cole, A, Cook, K. H., Coutures, C., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Greenhill, J., Kane, S. R., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Martin, R., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Sahu, K. C., Williams, A., Szymanski, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzynski, G., Soszynski, I., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., DePoy, D. L., Dong, S., Han, C., Janczak, J., Lee, C. -U., Pogge, R. W., Abe, F., Furusawa, K., Hearnshaw, J. B., Itow, Y., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A. V., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Ohnishi, K., Perrott, Y. C., Saito, To., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Gulbis, A., Hashimoto, Y., Kniazev, A., and Vaisanen, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: The microlensing event OGLE-2008-BLG-510 is characterised by an evident asymmetric shape of the peak, promptly detected by the ARTEMiS system in real time. The skewness of the light curve appears to be compatible both with binary-lens and binary-source models, including the possibility that the lens system consists of an M dwarf orbited by a brown dwarf. The detection of this microlensing anomaly and our analysis demonstrates that: 1) automated real-time detection of weak microlensing anomalies with immediate feedback is feasible, efficient, and sensitive, 2) rather common weak features intrinsically come with ambiguities that are not easily resolved from photometric light curves, 3) a modelling approach that finds all features of parameter space rather than just the `favourite model' is required, and 4) the data quality is most crucial, where systematics can be confused with real features, in particular small higher-order effects such as orbital motion signatures. It moreover becomes apparent that events with weak signatures are a silver mine for statistical studies, although not easy to exploit. Clues about the apparent paucity of both brown-dwarf companions and binary-source microlensing events might hide here., Comment: 17 pages with 8 figures, MNRAS submitted
Published: 2012
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70. Characterizing Lenses and Lensed Stars of High-Magnification Single-lens Gravitational Microlensing Events With Lenses Passing Over Source Stars

Author: Choi, J. -Y., Shin, I. -G., Park, S. -Y., Han, C., Gould, A., Sumi, T., Udalski, A., Beaulieu, J. -P., Street, R., Dominik, M., Allen, W., Almeida, L. A., Bos, M., Christie, G. W., Depoy, D. L., Dong, S., Drummond, J., Gal-Yam, A., Gaudi, B. S., Henderson, C. B., Hung, L. -W., Jablonski, F., Janczak, J., Lee, C. -U., Mallia, F., Maury, A., McCormick, J., McGregor, D., Monard, L. A. G., Moorhouse, D., Muñoz, J. A., Natusch, T., Nelson, C., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Tan, T. -G. "TG", Thornley, G., Yee, J. C., Abe, F., Barnard, E., Baudry, J., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hayashi, F., Hearnshaw, J. B., Hosaka, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Kobara, S., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Makita, S., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Nishimoto, K., Ohnishi, K., Okumura, T., Omori, K., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Suzuki, K., Sweatman, W. L., Takino, S., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzyński, G., Soszyński, I., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Kozłowski, S., Pietrukowicz, P., Albrow, M. D., Bachelet, E., Batista, V., Bennett, C. S., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brillant, S., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Corrales, E., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouqué, P., Greenhill, J., Kane, S. R., Menzies, J., Sahu, K. C., Wambsganss, J., Williams, A., Zub, M., Allan, A., Bramich, D. M., Browne, P., Clay, N., Fraser, S., Horne, K., Kains, N., Mottram, C., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I., Tsapras, Y., Alsubai, K. A., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Dreizler, S., Finet, F., Gerner, T., Glitrup, M., Grundahl, F., Hardis, S., Harpsøe, K., Hinse, T. C., Hundertmark, M., Jørgensen, U. G., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Maier, G., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Proft, S., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Schäfer, S., Schönebeck, F., Skottfelt, J., Surdej, J., Southworth, J., and Zimmer, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the analysis of the light curves of 9 high-magnification single-lens gravitational microlensing events with lenses passing over source stars, including OGLE-2004-BLG-254, MOA-2007-BLG-176, MOA-2007-BLG-233/OGLE-2007-BLG-302, MOA-2009-BLG-174, MOA-2010-BLG-436, MOA-2011-BLG-093, MOA-2011-BLG-274, OGLE-2011-BLG-0990/MOA-2011-BLG-300, and OGLE-2011-BLG-1101/MOA-2011-BLG-325. For all events, we measure the linear limb-darkening coefficients of the surface brightness profile of source stars by measuring the deviation of the light curves near the peak affected by the finite-source effect. For 7 events, we measure the Einstein radii and the lens-source relative proper motions. Among them, 5 events are found to have Einstein radii less than 0.2 mas, making the lenses candidates of very low-mass stars or brown dwarfs. For MOA-2011-BLG-274, especially, the small Einstein radius of $\theta_{\rm E}\sim 0.08$ mas combined with the short time scale of $t_{\rm E}\sim 2.7$ days suggests the possibility that the lens is a free-floating planet. For MOA-2009-BLG-174, we measure the lens parallax and thus uniquely determine the physical parameters of the lens. We also find that the measured lens mass of $\sim 0.84\ M_\odot$ is consistent with that of a star blended with the source, suggesting that the blend is likely to be the lens. Although we find planetary signals for none of events, we provide exclusion diagrams showing the confidence levels excluding the existence of a planet as a function of the separation and mass ratio., Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables
Published: 2011
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71. Microlensing Binaries Discovered through High-Magnification Channel

Author: Shin, I. -G., Choi, J. -Y., Park, S. -Y., Han, C., Gould, A., Sumi, T., Udalski, A., Beaulieu, J. -P., Dominik, M., Allen, W., Bos, M., Christie, G. W., Depoy, D. L., Dong, S., Drummond, J., Gal-Yam, A., Gaudi, B. S., Hung, L. -W., Janczak, J., Kaspi, S., Lee, C. -U., Mallia, F., Maoz, D., Maury, A., McCormick, J., Monard, L. A. G., Moorhouse, D., Muñoz, J. A., Natusch, T., Nelson, C., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Polishook, D., Shvartzvald, Y., Shporer, A., Thornley, G., Yee, J. C., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hayashi, F., Hearnshaw, J. B., Hosaka, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Kobara, S., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Makita, S., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Nishimoto, K., Ohnishi, K., Okumura, T., Omori, K., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzyński, G., Soszyński, I., Poleski, R., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Kozłowski, S., Pietrukowicz, P., Albrow, M. D., Batista, V., Bramich, D. M., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Calitz, J. J., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Cook, K. H., Corrales, E., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouqué, P., Greenhill, J., Hoffman, M., Jørgensen, U. G., Kane, S. R., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Martin, R., Meintjes, P., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Sahu, K. C., Wambsganss, J., Williams, A., Vinter, C., Zub, M., Allan, A., Browne, P., Horne, K., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I., Street, R., Tsapras, Y., Alsubai, K. A., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dodds, P., Dreizler, S., Finet, F., Gerner, T., Glitrup, M., Grundahl, F., Hardis, S., Harpsøe, K., Hessman, F. V., Hinse, T. C., Hundertmark, M., Kains, N., Kerins, E., Liebig, C., Maier, G., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Penny, M. T., Proft, S., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Schäfer, S., Schönebeck, F., Skottfelt, J., Surdej, J., Southworth, J., and Zimmer, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Microlensing can provide a useful tool to probe binary distributions down to low-mass limits of binary companions. In this paper, we analyze the light curves of 8 binary lensing events detected through the channel of high-magnification events during the seasons from 2007 to 2010. The perturbations, which are confined near the peak of the light curves, can be easily distinguished from the central perturbations caused by planets. However, the degeneracy between close and wide binary solutions cannot be resolved with a $3\sigma$ confidence level for 3 events, implying that the degeneracy would be an important obstacle in studying binary distributions. The dependence of the degeneracy on the lensing parameters is consistent with a theoretic prediction that the degeneracy becomes severe as the binary separation and the mass ratio deviate from the values of resonant caustics. The measured mass ratio of the event OGLE-2008-BLG-510/MOA-2008-BLG-369 is $q\sim 0.1$, making the companion of the lens a strong brown-dwarf candidate., Comment: 10 figures, 6 tables, 26 pages
Published: 2011
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72. Discovery and Mass Measurements of a Cold, 10-Earth Mass Planet and Its Host Star

Author: Muraki, Y., Han, C., Bennett, D. P., Suzuki, D., Monard, L. A. G., Street, R., Jorgensen, U. G., Kundurthy, P., Skowron, J., Becker, A. C., Albrow, M. D., Fouque, P., Heyrovsky, D., Barry, R. K., Beaulieu, J. -P., Wellnitz, D. D., Bond, I. A., Sumi, T., Dong, S., Gaudi, B. S., Bramich, D. M., Dominik, M., Abe, F., Botzler, C. S., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hayashi, F., Hearnshaw, J. B., Hosaka, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Korpela, A. V., Kilmartin, P. M., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Makita, S., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Nishimoto, K., Ohnishi, K., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Christie, G. W., DePoy, D. L., Gorbikov, E., Gould, A., Kaspi, S., Lee, C. -U., Mallia, F., Maoz, D., McCormick, J., Moorhouse, D., Natusch, T., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Polishook, D., Shporer, A., Thornley, G., Yee, J. C., Allan, A., Browne, P., Horne, K., Kains, N., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I., Tsapras, Y., Batista, V., Bennett, C. S., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Corrales, R., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Greenhill, J., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Martin, R., Menzies, J, Sahu, K. C., Waldman, I., Zub, A. Williams M., Bourhrous, H., Matsuoka, Y., Nagayama, T., Oi, N., Randriamanakoto, Z., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dreizler, S., Finet, F., Glitrup, M., Harpsoe, K., Hinse, T. C., Hundertmark, M., Liebig, C., Maier, G., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Skottfelt, J., Surdej, J., Southworth, J., Wambsganss, J., Zimmer, F., Udalski, A., Poleski, R., Wyrzykowski, L., Ulaczyk, K., Szymanski, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzynski, G., and Soszynski, I.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the discovery and mass measurement of the cold, low-mass planet MOA-2009-BLG-266Lb, made with the gravitational microlensing method. This planet has a mass of m_p = 10.4 +- 1.7 Earth masses and orbits a star of mass M_* = 0.56 +- 0.09 Solar masses at a semi-major axis of a = 3.2 (+1.9 -0.5) AU and an orbital period of P = 7.6 (+7.7 -1.5} yrs. The planet and host star mass measurements are enabled by the measurement of the microlensing parallax effect, which is seen primarily in the light curve distortion due to the orbital motion of the Earth. But, the analysis also demonstrates the capability to measure microlensing parallax with the Deep Impact (or EPOXI) spacecraft in a Heliocentric orbit. The planet mass and orbital distance are similar to predictions for the critical core mass needed to accrete a substantial gaseous envelope, and thus may indicate that this planet is a "failed" gas giant. This and future microlensing detections will test planet formation theory predictions regarding the prevalence and masses of such planets., Comment: 38 pages with 7 figures
Published: 2011
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73. Unbound or Distant Planetary Mass Population Detected by Gravitational Microlensing

Author: Sumi, T., Kamiya, K., Udalski, A., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Abe, F., Botzler, C. S., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hearnshaw, J. B., Itow, Y., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Motomura, M., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Nakamura, S., Ohnishi, K., Okumura, T., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sako, T., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Yock, P. C. M., Szymanski, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzynski, G., Poleski, R., Soszynski, I., Wyrzykowski, L., and Ulaczyk, K.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Since 1995, more than 500 exoplanets have been detected using different techniques, of which 11 were detected with gravitational microlensing. Most of these are gravitationally bound to their host stars. There is some evidence of free-floating planetary mass objects in young star-forming regions, but these objects are limited to massive objects of 3 to 15 Jupiter masses with large uncertainties in photometric mass estimates and their abundance. Here, we report the discovery of a population of unbound or distant Jupiter-mass objects, which are almost twice (1.8_{-0.8}^{+1.7}) as common as main-sequence stars, based on two years of gravitational microlensing survey observations toward the Galactic Bulge. These planetary-mass objects have no host stars that can be detected within about ten astronomical units by gravitational microlensing. However a comparison with constraints from direct imaging suggests that most of these planetary-mass objects are not bound to any host star. An abrupt change in the mass function at about a Jupiter mass favours the idea that their formation process is different from that of stars and brown dwarfs. They may have formed in proto-planetary disks and subsequently scattered into unbound or very distant orbits., Comment: 46 pages, 14 figures, include Supplementary Information, published in Nature
Published: 2011
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74. OGLE-2009-BLG-023/MOA-2009-BLG-028: Characterization of a Binary Microlensing Event Based on Survey Data

Author: Hwang, K. -H., Han, C., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Gould, A., Jaroszynski, M., Kubiak, M., Szymanski, M. K., Pietrzynski, G., Soszynski, I., Szewczyk, O., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, L., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hearnshaw, J. B., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Ohnishi, K., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sako, T., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., and Yock, P. C. M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the result of the analysis of the light curve of a caustic-crossing binary-lens microlensing event OGLE-2009-BLG-023/MOA-2009-BLG-028. Even though the event was observed solely by survey experiments, we could uniquely determine the mass of the lens and distance to it by simultaneously measuring the Einstein radius and lens parallax. From this, we find that the lens system is composed of M-type dwarfs with masses $(0.50\pm 0.07) \ M_\odot$ and $(0.15\pm 0.02)\ M_\odot$ located in the Galactic disk with a distance of $\sim 1.8$ kpc toward the Galactic bulge direction. The event demonstrates that physical lens parameters of binary-lens events can be routinely determined from future high-cadence lensing surveys and thus microlensing can provide a new way to study Galactic binaries., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2011
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75. Binary microlensing event OGLE-2009-BLG-020 gives a verifiable mass, distance and orbit predictions

Author: Skowron, J., Udalski, A., Gould, A., Dong, Subo, Monard, L. A. G., Han, C., Nelson, C. R., McCormick, J., Moorhouse, D., Thornley, G., Maury, A., Bramich, D. M., Greenhill, J., Kozlowski, S., Bond, I., Poleski, R., Wyrzykowski, L., Ulaczyk, K., Kubiak, M., Szymanski, M. K., Pietrzynski, G., Soszynski, I., Gaudi, B. S., Yee, J. C., Hung, L. -W., Pogge, R. W., DePoy, D. L., Lee, C. -U., Park, B. -G., Allen, W., Mallia, F., Drummond, J., Bolt, G., Allan, A., Browne, P., Clay, N., Dominik, M., Fraser, S., Horne, K., Kains, N., Mottram, C., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I., Street, R. A., Tsapras, Y., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Botzler, C. S., Douchin, D., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hayashi, F., Hearnshaw, J. B., Hosaka, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Makita, S., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Nagayama, T., Miyake, N., Nishimoto, K., Ohnishi, K., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Beaulieu, J. -P., Fouque, P., Albrow, M. D., Batista, V., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Cook, K. H., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Kane, S. R., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. -B., Martin, R., Menzies, J., Sahu, K. C., Wambsganss, J., Williams, A., and Zub, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the first example of binary microlensing for which the parameter measurements can be verified (or contradicted) by future Doppler observations. This test is made possible by a confluence of two relatively unusual circumstances. First, the binary lens is bright enough (I=15.6) to permit Doppler measurements. Second, we measure not only the usual 7 binary-lens parameters, but also the 'microlens parallax' (which yields the binary mass) and two components of the instantaneous orbital velocity. Thus we measure, effectively, 6 'Kepler+1' parameters (two instantaneous positions, two instantaneous velocities, the binary total mass, and the mass ratio). Since Doppler observations of the brighter binary component determine 5 Kepler parameters (period, velocity amplitude, eccentricity, phase, and position of periapsis), while the same spectroscopy yields the mass of the primary, the combined Doppler + microlensing observations would be overconstrained by 6 + (5 + 1) - (7 + 1) = 4 degrees of freedom. This makes possible an extremely strong test of the microlensing solution. We also introduce a uniform microlensing notation for single and binary lenses, we define conventions, summarize all known microlensing degeneracies and extend a set of parameters to describe full Keplerian motion of the binary lenses., Comment: 51 pages, 8 figures, 2 appendices. Submitted to ApJ. Fortran codes for Appendix B are attached to this astro-ph submission and are also available at http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~jskowron/OGLE-2009-BLG-020/
Published: 2011
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76. A sub-Saturn Mass Planet, MOA-2009-BLG-319Lb

Author: Miyake, N., Sumi, T., Dong, Subo, Street, R., Mancini, L., Gould, A., Bennett, D. P., Tsapras, Y., Yee, J. C., Albrow, M. D., Bond, I. A., Fouque, P., Browne, P., Han, C., Snodgrass, C., Finet, F., Furusawa, K., Harpsoe, K., Allen, W., Hundertmark, M., Freeman, M., Suzuki, D., Abe, F., Botzler, C. S., Douchin, D., Fukui, A., Hayashi, F., Hearnshaw, J. B., Hosaka, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Makita, S., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Nagayama, T., Nishimoto, K., Ohnishi, K., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Collaboration, The MOA, Bolt, G., Bos, M., Christie, G. W., DePoy, D. L., Drummond, J., Gal-Yam, A., Gaudi, B. S., Gorbikov, E., Higgins, D., Janczak, K. -H. Hwang J., Kaspi, S., Lee, C. -U., Koo, J. -R., lowski, S. Koz, Lee, Y., Mallia, F., Maury, A., Maoz, D., McCormick, J., Monard, L. A. G., Moorhouse, D., Mu~noz, J. A., Natusch, T., Ofek, E. O., Pogge, R. W., Polishook, D., Santallo, R., Shporer, A., Spector, O., Thornley, G., Collaboration, The Micro FUN, Allan, A., Bramich, D. M., Horne, K., Kains, N., Steele, I., Collaboration, The RoboNet, Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dominik, M., Dreizler, S., Glitrup, M., Hessman, F. V., Hinse, T. C., Jorgensen, U. G., Liebig, C., Maier, G., Mathiasen, M., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Skottfelt, J., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., Wambsganss, J., Zimmer, F., Consortium, The MiNDSTEp, Batista, V., Beaulieu, J. P., Brillant, S., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Corrales, E., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Greenhill, J., Kubas, D., Menzies, J., and Collaboration, The PLANET
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the gravitational microlensing discovery of a sub-Saturn mass planet, MOA-2009-BLG-319Lb, orbiting a K or M-dwarf star in the inner Galactic disk or Galactic bulge. The high cadence observations of the MOA-II survey discovered this microlensing event and enabled its identification as a high magnification event approximately 24 hours prior to peak magnification. As a result, the planetary signal at the peak of this light curve was observed by 20 different telescopes, which is the largest number of telescopes to contribute to a planetary discovery to date. The microlensing model for this event indicates a planet-star mass ratio of q = (3.95 +/- 0.02) x 10^{-4} and a separation of d = 0.97537 +/- 0.00007 in units of the Einstein radius. A Bayesian analysis based on the measured Einstein radius crossing time, t_E, and angular Einstein radius, \theta_E, along with a standard Galactic model indicates a host star mass of M_L = 0.38^{+0.34}_{-0.18} M_{Sun} and a planet mass of M_p = 50^{+44}_{-24} M_{Earth}, which is half the mass of Saturn. This analysis also yields a planet-star three-dimensional separation of a = 2.4^{+1.2}_{-0.6} AU and a distance to the planetary system of D_L = 6.1^{+1.1}_{-1.2} kpc. This separation is ~ 2 times the distance of the snow line, a separation similar to most of the other planets discovered by microlensing., Comment: accepted to ApJ, 28 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2010
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77. OGLE-2009-BLG-092/MOA-2009-BLG-137: A Dramatic Repeating Event With the Second Perturbation Predicted by Real-Time Analysis

Author: Ryu, Y. -H., Han, C., Hwang, K. -H., Street, R., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Fukui, A., Beaulieu, J. -P., Gould, A., Dominik, M., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Furusawa, K., Hayashi, F., Hearnshaw, J. B., Hosaka, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Makita, S., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nishimoto, K., Ohnishi, K., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Wada, K., Yock, P. C. M., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzyński, G., Soszyński, I., Szewczyk, O., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Ulaczyk, K., Bos, M., Christie, G. W., Depoy, D. L., Gal-Yam, A., Gaudi, B. S., Kaspi, S., Lee, C. -U., Maoz, D., McCormick, J., Monard, B., Moorhouse, D., Pogge, R. W., Polishook, D., Shvartzvald, Y., Shporer, A., Thornley, G., Yee, J. C., Albrow, M. D., Batista, V., Brillant, S., Cassan, A., Cole, A., Corrales, E., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Fouqué, P., Greenhill, J., Menzies, J., Allan, A., Bramich, D. M., Browne, P., Horne, K., Kains, N., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I., Tsapras, Y., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Novati, S. Calchi, Dreizler, S., Finet, F., Glitrup, M., Grundahl, F., Harpsøe, K., Hessman, F. V., Hinse, T. C., Hundertmark, M., Jørgensen, U. G., Liebig, C., Maier, G., Mancini, L., Mathiasen, M., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Skottfelt, J., Surdej, J., Southworth, J., Wambsganss, J., and Zimmer, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the result of the analysis of a dramatic repeating gravitational microlensing event OGLE-2009-BLG-092/MOA-2009-BLG-137, for which the light curve is characterized by two distinct peaks with perturbations near both peaks. We find that the event is produced by the passage of the source trajectory over the central perturbation regions associated with the individual components of a wide-separation binary. The event is special in the sense that the second perturbation, occurring $\sim 100$ days after the first, was predicted by the real-time analysis conducted after the first peak, demonstrating that real-time modeling can be routinely done for binary and planetary events. With the data obtained from follow-up observations covering the second peak, we are able to uniquely determine the physical parameters of the lens system. We find that the event occurred on a bulge clump giant and it was produced by a binary lens composed of a K and M-type main-sequence stars. The estimated masses of the binary components are $M_1=0.69 \pm 0.11\ M_\odot$ and $M_2=0.36\pm 0.06\ M_\odot$, respectively, and they are separated in projection by $r_\perp=10.9\pm 1.3\ {\rm AU}$. The measured distance to the lens is $D_{\rm L}=5.6 \pm 0.7\ {\rm kpc}$. We also detect the orbital motion of the lens system., Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Published: 2010
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78. Determining the Physical Lens Parameters of the Binary Gravitational Microlensing Event MOA-2009-BLG-016

Author: Hwang, K. -H., Han, C., Bond, I. A., Miyake, N., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Botzler, C. S., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hayashi, F., Hearnshaw, J. B., Hosaka, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Makita, S., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Nishimoto, K., Ohnishi, K., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sako, T., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, J., Wada, K., L., P. C. M. Yock D., Depoy, Gaudi, B. S., Gould, A., Lee, C. -U., and Pogge, R. W.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the result of the analysis of the light curve of the microlensing event MOA-2009-BLG-016. The light curve is characterized by a short-duration anomaly near the peak and an overall asymmetry. We find that the peak anomaly is due to a binary companion to the primary lens and the asymmetry of the light curve is explained by the parallax effect caused by the acceleration of the observer over the course of the event due to the orbital motion of the Earth around the Sun. In addition, we detect evidence for the effect of the finite size of the source near the peak of the event, which allows us to measure the angular Einstein radius of the lens system. The Einstein radius combined with the microlens parallax allows us to determine the total mass of the lens and the distance to the lens. We identify three distinct classes of degenerate solutions for the binary lens parameters, where two are manifestations of the previously identified degeneracies of close/wide binaries and positive/negative impact parameters, while the third class is caused by the symmetric cycloid shape of the caustic. We find that, for the best-fit solution, the estimated mass of the lower-mass component of the binary is (0.04 +- 0.01) M_sun, implying a brown-dwarf companion. However, there exists a solution that is worse only by \Delta\chi^2 ~ 3 for which the mass of the secondary is above the hydrogen-burning limit. Unfortunately, resolving these two degenerate solutions will be difficult as the relative lens-source proper motions for both are similar and small (~ 1 mas/yr) and thus the lens will remain blended with the source for the next several decades., Comment: 7 pages, 2 tables, and 5 figures
Published: 2010
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79. OGLE 2008--BLG--290: An accurate measurement of the limb darkening of a Galactic Bulge K Giant spatially resolved by microlensing

Author: Fouque, P., Heyrovsky, D., Dong, S., Gould, A., Udalski, A., Albrow, M. D., Batista, V., Beaulieu, J. -P., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Bramich, D. M., Novati, S. Calchi, Cassan, A., Coutures, C., Dieters, S., Dominik, M., Prester, D. Dominis, Greenhill, J., Horne, K., Jorgensen, U. G., Kozlowski, S., Kubas, D., Lee, C. -H., Marquette, J. -B., Mathiasen, M., Menzies, J., Monard, L. A. G., Nishiyama, S., Papadakis, I., Street, R., Sumi, T., Williams, A., Yee, J. C., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cole, A., Cook, K. H., Donatowicz, J., Kains, N., Kane, S. R., Martin, R., Pollard, K. R., Sahu, K. C., Tsapras, Y., Wambsganss, J., Zub, M., DePoy, D. L., Gaudi, B. S., Han, C., Lee, C. -U., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Kubiak, M., Szymanski, M. K., Pietrzynski, G., Soszynski, I., Szewczyk, O., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, L., Abe, F., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Gilmore, A. C., Hearnshaw, J. B., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A. V., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Ohnishi, K., Okumura, T., Perrott, Y., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sako, T., Sato, S., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D., Sweatman, W., Tristram, P. J., Yock, P. C. M., Allan, A., Bode, M. F., Burgdorf, M. J., Clay, N., Fraser, S. N., Hawkins, E., Kerins, E., Lister, T. A., Mottram, C. J., Saunders, E. S., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., Wheatley, P. J., Anguita, T., Bozza, V., Harpsoe, K., Hinse, T. C., Hundertmark, M., Kjaergaard, P., Liebig, C., Mancini, L., Masi, G., Rahvar, S., Ricci, D., Scarpetta, G., Southworth, J., Surdej, J., Thone, C. C., Riffeser, A., Seitz, S., and Bender, R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Gravitational microlensing is not only a successful tool for discovering distant exoplanets, but it also enables characterization of the lens and source stars involved in the lensing event. In high magnification events, the lens caustic may cross over the source disk, which allows a determination of the angular size of the source and additionally a measurement of its limb darkening. When such extended-source effects appear close to maximum magnification, the resulting light curve differs from the characteristic Paczynski point-source curve. The exact shape of the light curve close to the peak depends on the limb darkening of the source. Dense photometric coverage permits measurement of the respective limb-darkening coefficients. In the case of microlensing event OGLE 2008-BLG-290, the K giant source star reached a peak magnification of about 100. Thirteen different telescopes have covered this event in eight different photometric bands. Subsequent light-curve analysis yielded measurements of linear limb-darkening coefficients of the source in six photometric bands. The best-measured coefficients lead to an estimate of the source effective temperature of about 4700 +100-200 K. However, the photometric estimate from colour-magnitude diagrams favours a cooler temperature of 4200 +-100 K. As the limb-darkening measurements, at least in the CTIO/SMARTS2 V and I bands, are among the most accurate obtained, the above disagreement needs to be understood. A solution is proposed, which may apply to previous events where such a discrepancy also appeared., Comment: Astronomy & Astrophysics in press
Published: 2010
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80. A Cold Neptune-Mass Planet OGLE-2007-BLG-368Lb: Cold Neptunes Are Common

Author: Sumi, T., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Udalski, A., Batista, V., Dominik, M., Fouqué, P., Kubas, D., Gould, A., Macintosh, B., Cook, K., Dong, S., Skuljan, L., Cassan, A., Collaboration, The MOA, Abe, F., Botzler, C. S., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hearnshaw, J. B., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Nagayama, T., Ohnishi, K., Okumura, T., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sako, T., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Yock, P. C. M., Collaboration, The PLANET, Beaulieu, J. P., Cole, A., Coutures, Ch., Duran, M. F., Greenhill, J., Jablonski, F., Marboeuf, U., Martioli, E., Pedretti, E., Pejcha, O., Rojo, P., Albrow, M. D., Brillant, S., Bode, M., Bramich, D. M., Burgdorf, M. J., Caldwell, J. A. R., Calitz, H., Corrales, E., Dieters, S., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Hill, K., Hoffman, M., Horne, K., J, U. G., Kains, N., Kane, S., Marquette, J. B., Martin, R., Meintjes, P., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Sahu, K. C., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I., Street, R., Tsapras, Y., Wambsganss, J., Williams, A., Zub, M., Collaboration, The OGLE, Szyma, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzy, G., Soszy, I., Szewczyk, O., Ulaczyk, K., Collaboration, The microFUN, Allen, W., Christie, G. W., DePoy, D. L., Gaudi, B. S., Han, C., Janczak, J., Lee, C. -U., McCormick, J., Mallia, F., Monard, B., Natusch, T., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., and Santallo, R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the discovery of a Neptune-mass planet OGLE-2007-BLG-368Lb with a planet-star mass ratio of q=[9.5 +/- 2.1] x 10^{-5} via gravitational microlensing. The planetary deviation was detected in real-time thanks to the high cadence of the MOA survey, real-time light curve monitoring and intensive follow-up observations. A Bayesian analysis returns the stellar mass and distance at M_l = 0.64_{-0.26}^{+0.21} M_\sun and D_l = 5.9_{-1.4}^{+0.9} kpc, respectively, so the mass and separation of the planet are M_p = 20_{-8}^{+7} M_\oplus and a = 3.3_{-0.8}^{+1.4} AU, respectively. This discovery adds another cold Neptune-mass planet to the planetary sample discovered by microlensing, which now comprise four cold Neptune/Super-Earths, five gas giant planets, and another sub-Saturn mass planet whose nature is unclear. The discovery of these ten cold exoplanets by the microlensing method implies that the mass ratio function of cold exoplanets scales as dN_{\rm pl}/d\log q \propto q^{-0.7 +/- 0.2} with a 95% confidence level upper limit of n < -0.35 (where dN_{\rm pl}/d\log q \propto q^n). As microlensing is most sensitive to planets beyond the snow-line, this implies that Neptune-mass planets are at least three times more common than Jupiters in this region at the 95% confidence level., Comment: 39 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2009
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81. Interpretation of Strong Short-Term Central Perturbations in the Light Curves of Moderate-Magnification Microlensing Events

Author: Han, C., Hwang, K. -H., Kim, D., Udalski, A., Abe, F., Monard, L. A. B., McCormick, J., Szymanski, M. K., Kubiak, M., Pietrzynski, G., Soszynski, I., Szewczyk, O., Wyrzykowski, L., Ulaczyk, K., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hearnshaw, J. B., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Ohnishi, K., Tokumura, T., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sako, T., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. S., Sumi, T., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Yock, P. C. M., Allen, W., Christie, G. W., DePoy, D. L., Dong, S., Gaudi, B. S., Gould, A., Lee, C. -U., Natusch, T., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Albrow, M. D., Allan, A., Batista, V., Beaulieu, J. P., Bennett, D. P., Brillant, S., Bode, M., Bramich, D. M., Burgdorf, M., Caldwell, J. A. R., Calitz, H., Cassan, A., Corrales, E., Dieters, S., Prester, D. D., Dominik, M., Donatowicz, J., Fouque, P., Greenhill, J., Hill, K., Hoffman, M., Horne, K., Jorgensen, U. G., Kains, N., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. B., Martin, R., Meintjes, P., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Sahu, K. C., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I., Street, R., Tsapras, Y., Wambsganss, J., Williams, A., and Zub, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: To improve the planet detection efficiency, current planetary microlensing experiments are focused on high-magnification events searching for planetary signals near the peak of lensing light curves. However, it is known that central perturbations can also be produced by binary companions and thus it is important to distinguish planetary signals from those induced by binary companions. In this paper, we analyze the light curves of microlensing events OGLE-2007-BLG-137/MOA-2007-BLG-091, OGLE-2007-BLG-355/MOA-2007-BLG-278, and MOA-2007-BLG-199/OGLE-2007-BLG-419, for all of which exhibit short-term perturbations near the peaks of the light curves. From detailed modeling of the light curves, we find that the perturbations of the events are caused by binary companions rather than planets. From close examination of the light curves combined with the underlying physical geometry of the lens system obtained from modeling, we find that the short time-scale caustic-crossing feature occurring at a low or a moderate base magnification with an additional secondary perturbation is a typical feature of binary-lens events and thus can be used for the discrimination between the binary and planetary interpretations., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Published: 2009
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82. Mass measurement of a single unseen star and planetary detection efficiency for OGLE 2007-BLG-050

Author: Batista, V., Dong, Subo, Gould, A., Beaulieu, J. P., Cassan, A., Christie, G. W., Han, C., Udalski, A., Allen, W., DePoy, D. L., Gal-Yam, A., Gaudi, B. S., Johnson, B., Kaspi, S., Lee, C. U., Maoz, D., McCormick, J., McGreer, I., Monard, B., Natusch, T., Ofek, E., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Polishook, D., Shporer, A., Albrow, M. D., Bennett, D. P., Brillant, S., Bode, M., Bramich, D. M., Burgdorf, M., Caldwell, J. A. R., Calitz, H., Cole, A., Cook, K. H., Coutures, Ch., Dieters, S., Dominik, M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J., Fouqué, P., Greenhill, J., Hoffman, M., Horne, K., Jørgensen, U. G., Kains, N., Kane, S., Kubas, D., Marquette, J. B., Martin, R., Meintjes, P., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Sahu, K. C., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I., Tsapras, Y., Wambsganss, J., Williams, A., Zub, M., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Kubiak, M., Szymański, M. K., Pietrzyński, G., Soszyński, I., Szewczyk, O., Ulaczyk, K., Abe, F., Bond, I. A., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hearnshaw, J. B., Holderness, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Ohnishi, K., Okumura, T., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sako, T., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D., Sumi, T., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., and Yock, P. C. M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We analyze OGLE-2007-BLG-050, a high magnification microlensing event (A ~ 432) whose peak occurred on 2 May, 2007, with pronounced finite-source and parallax effects. We compute planet detection efficiencies for this event in order to determine its sensitivity to the presence of planets around the lens star. Both finite-source and parallax effects permit a measurement of the angular Einstein radius \theta_E = 0.48 +/- 0.01 mas and the parallax \pi_E = 0.12 +/- 0.03, leading to an estimate of the lens mass M = 0.50 +/- 0.14 M_Sun and its distance to the observer D_L = 5.5 +/- 0.4 kpc. This is only the second determination of a reasonably precise (<30%) mass estimate for an isolated unseen object, using any method. This allows us to calculate the planetary detection efficiency in physical units (r_\perp, m_p), where r_\perp is the projected planet-star separation and m_p is the planet mass. When computing planet detection efficiency, we did not find any planetary signature and our detection efficiency results reveal significant sensitivity to Neptune-mass planets, and to a lesser extent Earth-mass planets in some configurations. Indeed, Jupiter and Neptune-mass planets are excluded with a high confidence for a large projected separation range between the planet and the lens star, respectively [0.6 - 10] and [1.4 - 4] AU, and Earth-mass planets are excluded with a 10% confidence in the lensing zone, i.e. [1.8 - 3.1] AU., Comment: 20 pages, 23 figures
Published: 2009
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83. Microlensing Event MOA-2007-BLG-400: Exhuming the Buried Signature of a Cool, Jovian-Mass Planet

Author: Dong, Subo, Bond, I. A., Gould, A., Kozlowski, Szymon, Miyake, N., Gaudi, B. S., Bennett, D. P., Abe, F., Gilmore, A. C., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hearnshaw, J. B., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P. M., Korpela, A., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Ohnishi, K., Okumura, T., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sako, T., Sato, S., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Sweatman, W., Tristram, P. J., Yock, P. C. M., Bolt, G., Christie, G. W., DePoy, D. L., Han, C., Janczak, J., Lee, C. -U., Mallia, F., McCormick, J., Monard, B., Maury, A., Natusch, T., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Santallo, R., Stanek, K. Z., Udalski, A., Kubiak, M., Szymanski, M. K., Pietrzynski, G., Soszynski, I., Szewczyk, O., Wyrzykowski, L., and Ulaczyk, K.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the detection of the cool, Jovian-mass planet MOA-2007-BLG-400Lb. The planet was detected in a high-magnification microlensing event (with peak magnification A_max = 628) in which the primary lens transited the source, resulting in a dramatic smoothing of the peak of the event. The angular extent of the region of perturbation due to the planet is significantly smaller than the angular size of the source, and as a result the planetary signature is also smoothed out by the finite source size. Thus the deviation from a single-lens fit is broad and relatively weak (~ few percent). Nevertheless, we demonstrate that the planetary nature of the deviation can be unambiguously ascertained from the gross features of the residuals, and detailed analysis yields a fairly precise planet/star mass ratio of q = 0.0026+/-0.0004, in accord with the large significance (\Delta\chi^2=1070) of the detection. The planet/star projected separation is subject to a strong close/wide degeneracy, leading to two indistinguishable solutions that differ in separation by a factor of ~8.5. Upper limits on flux from the lens constrain its mass to be M < 0.75 M_Sun (assuming it is a main-sequence star). A Bayesian analysis that includes all available observational constraints indicates a primary in the Galactic bulge with a mass of ~0.2-0.5 M_Sun and thus a planet mass of ~ 0.5-1.3 M_Jupiter. The separation and equilibrium temperature are ~0.6-1.1AU (~5.3-9.7AU) and ~103K (~34K) for the close (wide) solution. If the primary is a main-sequence star, follow-up observations would enable the detection of its light and so a measurement of its mass and distance., Comment: 30 pages, 6 figures, Submitted to ApJ
Published: 2008
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84. A Low-Mass Planet with a Possible Sub-Stellar-Mass Host in Microlensing Event MOA-2007-BLG-192

Author: Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Abe, F., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hearnshaw, J. B., Holderness, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Korpela, A. V., Kilmartin, P. M., Lin, W., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Okumura, T., Ohnishi, K., Perrott, Y. C., Rattenbury, N. J., Sako, T., Saito, To., Sato, S., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D. J., Sweatman, W. L., Tristram, P. J., Yock, P. C. M., Kubiak, M., Szymanski, M. K., Pietrzynski, G., Soszynski, I., Szewczyk, O., Wyrzykowski, L., Ulaczyk, K., Batista, V., Beaulieu, J. P., Brillant, S., Cassan, A., Fouque, P., Kervella, P., Kubas, D., and Marquette, J. B.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the detection of an extrasolar planet of mass ratio q ~ 2 x 10^(-4) in microlensing event MOA-2007-BLG-192. The best fit microlensing model shows both the microlensing parallax and finite source effects, and these can be combined to obtain the lens masses of M = 0.060 (+0.028 -0.021) M_sun for the primary and m = 3.3 (+4.9 -1.6) M_earth for the planet. However, the observational coverage of the planetary deviation is sparse and incomplete, and the radius of the source was estimated without the benefit of a source star color measurement. As a result, the 2-sigma limits on the mass ratio and finite source measurements are weak. Nevertheless, the microlensing parallax signal clearly favors a sub-stellar mass planetary host, and the measurement of finite source effects in the light curve supports this conclusion. Adaptive optics images taken with the Very Large Telescope (VLT) NACO instrument are consistent with a lens star that is either a brown dwarf or a star at the bottom of the main sequence. Follow-up VLT and/or Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations will either confirm that the primary is a brown dwarf or detect the low-mass lens star and enable a precise determination of its mass. In either case, the lens star, MOA-2007-BLG-192L, is the lowest mass primary known to have a companion with a planetary mass ratio, and the planet, MOA-2007-BLG-192Lb, is probably the lowest mass exoplanet found to date, aside from the lowest mass pulsar planet., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Scheduled for the Sept. 1, 2008 issue
Published: 2008
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85. Influence of Micro-Cantilever Geometry and Gap on Pull-in Voltage

Author: Faris, W., Mohammed, H., Abdalla, M. M., and Ling, C. -H.
Subjects: Computer Science - Other Computer Science
Abstract: In this paper, we study the behaviour of a microcantilever beam under electrostatic actuation using finite difference method. This problem has a lot of applications in MEMS based devices like accelerometers, switches and others. In this paper, we formulated the problem of a cantilever beam with proof mass at its end and carried out the finite difference solution. we studied the effects of length, width, and the gap size on the pull-in voltage using data that are available in the literature. Also, the stability limit is compared with the single degree of freedom commonly used in the earlier literature as an approximation to calculate the pull-in voltage., Comment: Submitted on behalf of TIMA Editions (http://irevues.inist.fr/tima-editions)
Published: 2007

86. Campaign 9 of the K2 Mission : Observational Parameters, Scientific Drivers, and Community Involvement for a Simultaneous Space- and Ground-based Microlensing Survey

Author: Henderson, Calen B., Poleski, Radosław, Penny, Matthew, Street, Rachel A., Bennett, David P., Hogg, David W., Gaudi, B. Scott, Zhu, W., Barclay, T., Barentsen, G., Howell, S. B., Mullally, F., Udalski, A., Szymański, M. K., Skowron, J., Mróz, P., Kozłowski, S., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Pietrukowicz, P., Soszyński, I., Ulaczyk, K., Pawlak, M., Sumi, T., Abe, F., Asakura, Y., Barry, R. K., Bhattacharya, A., Bond, I. A., Donachie, M., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Hirao, Y., Itow, Y., Koshimoto, N., Li, M. C. A., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Nagakane, M., Ohnishi, K., Oyokawa, H., Rattenbury, N., Saito, To., Sharan, A., Sullivan, D. J., Tristram, P. J., Yonehara, A., Bachelet, E., Bramich, D. M., Cassan, A., Dominik, M., Jaimes, R. Figuera, Horne, K., Hundertmark, M., Mao, S., Ranc, C., Schmidt, R., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., Tsapras, Y., Wambsganss, J., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Jørgensen, U. G., Novati, S. Calchi, Ciceri, S., D’Ago, G., Evans, D. F., Hessman, F. V., Hinse, T. C., Husser, T.-O., Mancini, L., Popovas, A., Rabus, M., Rahvar, S., Scarpetta, G., Skottfelt, J., Southworth, J., Unda-Sanzana, E., Bryson, S. T., Caldwell, D. A., Haas, M. R., Larson, K., McCalmont, K., Packard, M., Peterson, C., Putnam, D., Reedy, L., Ross, S., Van Cleve, J. E., Akeson, R., Batista, V., Beaulieu, J.-P., Beichman, C. A., Bryden, G., Ciardi, D., Cole, A., Coutures, C., Foreman-Mackey, D., Fouqué, P., Friedmann, M., Gelino, C., Kaspi, S., Kerins, E., Korhonen, H., Lang, D., Lee, C.-H., Lineweaver, C. H., Maoz, D., Marquette, J.-B., Mogavero, F., Morales, J. C., Nataf, D., Pogge, R. W., Santerne, A., Shvartzvald, Y., Suzuki, D., Tamura, M., Tisserand, P., and Wang, D.
Published: 2016

87. A terrestrial planet in a ∼1-AU orbit around one member of a ∼15-AU binary

Author: Gould, A., Udalski, A., Shin, I.-G., Porritt, I., Skowron, J., Han, C., Yee, J. C., Kozłowski, S., Choi, J.-Y., Poleski, R., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Ulaczyk, K., Pietrukowicz, P., Mróz, P., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Soszyński, I., Pietrzyński, G., Gaudi, B. S., Christie, G. W., Drummond, J., McCormick, J., Natusch, T., Ngan, H., Tan, T.-G., Albrow, M., DePoy, D. L., Hwang, K.-H., Jung, Y. K., Lee, C.-U., Park, H., Pogge, R. W., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Fukunaga, D., Itow, Y., Koshimoto, N., Larsen, P., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Namba, S., Ohnishi, K., Philpott, L., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Tristram, P. J., Tsurumi, N., Wada, K., Yamai, N., Yock, P. C. M., Yonehara, A., Shvartzvald, Y., Maoz, D., Kaspi, S., and Friedmann, M.
Published: 2014

88. Defining sarcopenia: the impact of different diagnostic criteria on the prevalence of sarcopenia in a large middle aged cohort

Author: Bijlsma, A. Y., Meskers, C. G. M., Ling, C. H. Y., Narici, M., Kurrle, S. E., Cameron, I. D., Westendorp, R. G. J., and Maier, A. B.
Published: 2013
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89. EXOPLANET DETECTION: A terrestrial planet in a ~1-AU orbit around one member of a ~15-AU binary

Author: Gould, A., Udalski, A., Shin, I.-G., Porritt, I., Skowron, J., Han, C., Yee, J. C., Kozłowski, S., Choi, J.-Y., Poleski, R., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Ulaczyk, K., Pietrukowicz, P., Mróz, P., Szymański, M. K., Kubiak, M., Soszyński, I., Pietrzynski, G., Gaudi, B. S., Christie, G. W., Drummond, J., McCormick, J., Natusch, T., Ngan, H., Tan, T.-G., Albrow, M., DePoy, D. L., Hwang, K.-H., Jung, Y. K., Lee, C.-U., Park, H., Pogge, R. W., Abe, F., Bennett, D. P., Bond, I. A., Botzler, C. S., Freeman, M., Fukui, A., Fukunaga, D., Itow, Y., Koshimoto, N., Larsen, P., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Namba, S., Ohnishi, K., Philpott, L., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Tristram, P. J., Tsurumi, N., Wada, K., Yamai, N., Yock, P. C. M., Yonehara, A., Shvartzvald, Y., Maoz, D., Kaspi, S., and Friedmann, M.
Published: 2014
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90. A Super-Jupiter Orbiting A Late-Type Star: A Refined Analysis of Microlensing Event OGLE-2012-BLG-0406

Author: Tsapras, Y, Choi, J.-Y, Street, R. A, Han, C, Bozza, V, Gould, A, Dominik, M, Beaulieu, J.-P, Udalski, A, Jørgensen, U. G, Sumi, T, Bramich, D. M, Browne, P, Horne, K, Hundertmark, M, Kains, N, Snodgrass, C, Steele, I. A, Andersen, J. M, Novati, S. Calchi, Diehl, C, Giannini, E, Hardis, S, Harpsøe, K, Hinse, T. C, Juncher, D, Kerins, E, Korhonen, H, Liebig, C, Mancini, L, Mathiasen, M, Penny, M. T, Rabus, M, Rahvar, S, Scarpetta, G, Skottfelt, J, Southworth, J, Tregloan-Reed, J, Vilela, C, Wambsganss, J, Skowron, J, Poleski, R, Kozłowski, S, Wyrzykowski, Ł, Szymański, M. K, Kubiak, M, Pietrukowicz, P, Pietrzyński, G, Soszyński, I, Ulaczyk, K, Albrow, M. D, Bachelet, E, Barry, R, Batista, V, Bhattacharya, A, Brillant, S, Caldwell, J. A. R, Cassan, A, Cole, A, Corrales, E, Coutures, Ch, Dieters, S, Prester, D. Dominis, Donatowicz, J, Fouqu, P, Greenhill, J, Kane, S. R, Kubas, D, Marquette, J. B, Menzies, J, Père, C, Pollard, K. R, Zub, M, Christie, G, DePoy, D. L, Dong, S, Gaudi, B. S, Henderson, C. B, Hwang, K. H, Jung, Y. K, Kavka, A, Koo, J.-R, Lee, C.-U, Maoz, D, Natusch, T, Ngan, H, Park, H, Pogge, R. W, Shin, I. G, Shvartzvald, Y, Yee, J. C, Abe, F, Bennett, D. P, Bond, I. A, Botzler, C. S, Freeman, M, Fukui, A, Fukunaga, D, Itow, Y, Koshimoto, N, Ling, C. H, Masuda, K, Matsubara, Y, Muraki, Y, Namba, S, Ohnishi, K, Rattenbury, N. J, Saito, To, Sullivan, D. J, Sweatman, W. L, Suzuki, D, Tristram, P. J, Tsurumi, N, Wada, K, Yamai, N, Yock, P. C. M, and Yonehara, A
Subjects: Astronomy, Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a detailed analysis of survey and follow-up observations of microlensing event OGLE-2012-BLG-0406 based on data obtained from 10 different observatories. Intensive coverage of the light curve, especially the perturbation part, allowed us to accurately measure the parallax effect and lens orbital motion. Combining our measurement of the lens parallax with the angular Einstein radius determined from finite-source effects, we estimate the physical parameters of the lens system. We find that the event was caused by a 2.73 plus or minus 0.43 M (sub J) planet orbiting a 0.44 plus or minus 0.07 solar mass early M-type star. The distance to the lens is 4.97 plus or minus 0.29 kpc and the projected separation between the host star and its planet at the time of the event is 3.45 plus or minus 0.26 AU. We find that the additional coverage provided by follow-up observations, especially during the planetary perturbation, leads to a more accurate determination of the physical parameters of the lens.
Published: 2014
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91. Immunohistochemical markers of prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer: a review and proposal for a multiphase approach to marker evaluation

Author: Zhu, C.-Q., Shih, W., Ling, C.-H., and Tsao, M.-S.
Subjects: Lung cancer, Non-small cell -- Patient outcomes, Biological markers -- Research, Cancer patients -- Prognosis, Immunohistochemistry -- Research, Health
Published: 2006

92. Toxicity of Single and Combinations of Lead and Cadmium to the Cyanobacteria Anabaena flos-aquae

Author: Heng, L. Y., Jusoh, K., Ling, C. H. Mui, and Idris, M.
Published: 2004
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93. OGLE-2013-BLG-0911Lb: A Secondary on the Brown-dwarf Planet Boundary around an M Dwarf

Author: Miyazaki, Shota, primary, Sumi, Takahiro, additional, Bennett, David P., additional, Udalski, Andrzej, additional, Shvartzvald, Yossi, additional, Street, Rachel, additional, Bozza, Valerio, additional, Yee, Jennifer C., additional, Bond, Ian A., additional, Rattenbury, Nicholas, additional, Koshimoto, Naoki, additional, Suzuki, Daisuke, additional, Fukui, Akihiko, additional, Abe, F., additional, Bhattacharya, A., additional, Barry, R., additional, Donachie, M., additional, Fujii, H., additional, Hirao, Y., additional, Itow, Y., additional, Kamei, Y., additional, Kondo, I., additional, Li, M. C. A., additional, Ling, C. H., additional, Matsubara, Y., additional, Matsuo, T., additional, Muraki, Y., additional, Nagakane, M., additional, Ohnishi, K., additional, Ranc, C., additional, Saito, T., additional, Sharan, A., additional, Shibai, H., additional, Suematsu, H., additional, Sullivan, D. J., additional, Tristram, P. J., additional, Yamakawa, T., additional, Yonehara, A., additional, Skowron, J., additional, Poleski, R., additional, Mróz, P., additional, Szymański, M. K., additional, Soszyński, I., additional, Pietrukowicz, P., additional, KozŁowski, S., additional, Ulaczyk, K., additional, Wyrzykowski, Ł., additional, Friedmann, Matan, additional, Kaspi, Shai, additional, Maoz, Dan, additional, Albrow, M., additional, Christie, G., additional, DePoy, D. L., additional, Gal-Yam, A., additional, Gould, A., additional, Lee, C.-U., additional, Manulis, I., additional, McCormick, J., additional, Natusch, T., additional, Ngan, H., additional, Pogge, R. W., additional, Porritt, I., additional, Tsapras, Y., additional, Bachelet, E., additional, Hundertmark, M. P. G., additional, Dominik, M., additional, Bramich, D. M., additional, Cassan, A., additional, Jaimes, R. Figuera, additional, Horne, K., additional, Schmidt, R., additional, Snodgrass, C., additional, Wambsganss, J., additional, Steele, I. A., additional, Menzies, J., additional, Mao, S., additional, Jørgensen, U. G., additional, Burgdorf, M. J., additional, Ciceri, S., additional, Novati, S. Calchi, additional, D’Ago, G., additional, Evans, D. F., additional, Hinse, T. C., additional, Kains, N., additional, Kerins, E., additional, Korhonen, H., additional, Mancini, L., additional, Popovas, A., additional, Rabus, M., additional, Rahvar, S., additional, Scarpetta, G., additional, Skottfelt, J., additional, Southworth, J., additional, Peixinho, N., additional, and Verma, P., additional
Published: 2020
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94. A quantity survey of intravenous administration of metronidazole in its different forms in a tertiary teaching hospital

Author: Lee, L L, Rowland, J, Ling, C H. Y, and Fiakos, E
Published: 2010
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95. The First Planetary Microlensing Event with Two Microlensed Source Stars

Author: Bennett, D. P., Udalski, A., Han, C., Bond, I. A., Beaulieu, J.-P., Skowron, J., Gaudi, B. S., Koshimoto, N., Abe, F., Asakura, Y., Barry, R. K., Bhattacharya, A., Donachie, M., Evans, P., Fukui, A., Hirao, Y., Itow, Y., Li, M. C. A., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Muraki, Y., Nagakane, M., Ohnishi, K., Oyokawa, H., Ranc, C., Rattenbury, N. J., Rosenthal, M. M., Saito, To., Sharan, A., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Tristram, P. J., Yonehara, A., The MOA Collaboration, Szymański, M. K., Poleski, R., Soszyński, I., Ulaczyk, K., Wyrzykowski, Ł., The OGLE Collaboration, DePoy, D., Gould, A., Pogge, R. W., Yee, J. C., The μFUN Collaboration, Albrow, M. D., Bachelet, E., Batista, V., Bowens- Rubin, R., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J. A. R., Cole, A., Coutures, C., Dieters, S., Dominis Prester, Dijana, Donatowicz, J., Fouqué, P., Horne, K., Hundertmark, M., Kains, N., Kane, S. R., Marquette, J.- B., Menzies, J., Pollard, K. R., Sahu, K. C., Wambsganss, J., Williams, A., and Zub, M.
Subjects: gravitational lensin, micro, planetary systems, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the analysis of the microlensing event MOA-2010-BLG-117, and show that the light curve can only be explained by the gravitational lensing of a binary source star system by a star with a Jupiter-mass ratio planet. It was necessary to modify standard microlensing modeling methods to find the correct light curve solution for this binary source, binary-lens event. We are able to measure a strong microlensing parallax signal, which yields the masses of the host star, M * = 0.58 ± 0.11 M ⊙, and planet, m p = 0.54 ± 0.10M Jup, at a projected star– planet separation of a ⊥ = 2.42 ± 0.26 au, corresponding to a semimajor axis of a=2.9≥nfrac{; ; ; ; ; ; ; }; ; ; ; ; ; ; {; ; ; ; ; ; ; }; ; ; ; ; ; ; {; ; ; ; ; ; ; 0em}; ; ; ; ; ; ; {; ; ; ; ; ; ; }; ; ; ; ; ; ; {; ; ; ; ; ; ; +1.6}; ; ; ; ; ; ; {; ; ; ; ; ; ; -0.6}; ; ; ; ; ; ; au. Thus, the system resembles a half-scale model of the Sun–Jupiter system with a half- Jupiter0mass planet orbiting a half- solar-mass star at very roughly half of Jupiter’s orbital distance from the Sun. The source stars are slightly evolved, and by requiring them to lie on the same isochrone, we can constrain the source to lie in the near side of the bulge at a distance of D S = 6.9 ± 0.7 kpc, which implies a distance to the planetary lens system of D L = 3.5 ± 0.4 kpc. The ability to model unusual planetary microlensing events, like this one, will be necessary to extract precise statistical information from the planned large exoplanet microlensing surveys, such as the WFIRST microlensing survey.
Published: 2018

96. OGLE-2017-BLG-0039: Microlensing Event with Light from a Lens Identified from Mass Measurement

Author: Han, C., Jung, Y. K., Udalski, A., Bond, I., Bozza, V., The, KMTNet Collaboration, Albrow, M. D., Chung, S.-J., Gould, A., Hwang, K.-H., Kim, D., Lee, C.-U., Kim, H.-W., Ryu, Y.-H., Shin, I.-G., Yee, J. C., Shvartzvald, Y., Cha, S.-M., Kim, S.-L., Kim, D.-J., Lee, D.-J., Lee, Y., Park, B.-G., Pogge, R. W., The, OGLE Collaboration Szymański M. K., Mróz, P., Skowron, J., Poleski, R., Soszyński, I., Kozłowski, S., Pietrukowicz, P., Ulaczyk, K., Pawlak, M., The, MOA Collaboration Abe F., Barry, R., Bennett, D. P., Bhattacharya, A., Donachie, M., Evans, P., Fukui, A., Hirao, Y., Itow, Y., Kawasaki, K., Koshimoto, N., Li, M. C. A., Ling, C. H., Matsubara, Y., Miyazaki, S., Munakata, H., Muraki, Y., Nagakane, M., Ohnishi, K., Ranc, C., Rattenbury, N., Saito, T., Sharan, A., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, Daisuke, Tristram, P. J., Yamada, T., and Yonehara, A.
Subjects: Brightness, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Event (relativity), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, gravitational lensing: micro, Gravitational microlensing, 01 natural sciences, Einstein radius, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, binaries: general, Space and Planetary Science, Lens (optics), Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Caustic (optics), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Parallax
Abstract: 著者人数: 61名（所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 鈴木, 大介), Accepted: 2018-09-27, 資料番号: SA1180205000
Published: 2018

97. The efficiency of electric bus shuttle services in UTM campus: A pilot study

Author: Abas, M. A., primary, Ardani, M. I., additional, Mohamad, M., additional, Ling, C. H., additional, Latif, S. N. Abdul, additional, Mohamad, S. M. F. Syed, additional, and Halim, A. M., additional
Published: 2019
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98. One-Dimensional Simulation Using Port Water Injection for a Spark Ignition Engine

Author: Ling, C. H., primary and Abas, M. A., additional
Published: 2018
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99. OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb : The First Spitzer Bulge Planet Lies Near the Planet/Brown-dwarf Boundary

Author: Ryu, Y. -H., Yee, J. C., Udalski, A., Bond, I. A., Shvartzvald, Y., Zang, W., Jaimes, R. Figuera, Jorgensen, U. G., Zhu, W., Huang, C. X., Jung, Y. K., Albrow, M. D., Chung, S. -J., Gould, A., Han, C., Hwang, K. -H., Shin, I. -G., Cha, S. -M., Kim, D. -J., Kim, H. -W., Kim, S. -L., Lee, C. -U., Lee, D. -J., Lee, Y., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Novati, S. Calchi, Carey, S., Henderson, C. B., Beichman, C., Gaudi, B. S., Mroz, P., Poleski, R., Skowron, J., Szymanski, M. K., Soszynski, I., Kozlowski, S., Pietrukowicz, P., Ulaczyk, K., Pawlak, M., Abe, F., Asakura, Y., Barry, R., Bennett, D. P., Bhattacharya, A., Donachie, M., Evans, P., Fukui, A., Hirao, Y., Itow, Y., Kawasaki, K., Koshimoto, N., Li, M. C. A., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyazaki, S., Muraki, Y., Nagakane, M., Ohnishi, K., Ranc, C., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To, Sharan, A., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Tristram, P. J., Yamada, T., Yonehara, A., Bryden, G., Howell, S. B., Jacklin, S., Penny, M. T., Mao, S., Fouque, Pascal, Wang, T., Street, R. A., Tsapras, Y., Hundertmark, M., Bachelet, E., Dominik, M., Li, Z., Cross, S., Cassan, A., Horne, K., Schmidt, R., Wambsganss, J., Ment, S. K., Maoz, D., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Ciceri, Simona, D'Ago, G., Evans, D. F., Hinse, T. C., Kerins, E., Kokotanekova, R., Longa, P., MacKenzie, J., Popovas, A., Rabus, M., Rahvar, S., Sajadian, S., Skottfelt, J., Southworth, J., von Essen, C., Ryu, Y. -H., Yee, J. C., Udalski, A., Bond, I. A., Shvartzvald, Y., Zang, W., Jaimes, R. Figuera, Jorgensen, U. G., Zhu, W., Huang, C. X., Jung, Y. K., Albrow, M. D., Chung, S. -J., Gould, A., Han, C., Hwang, K. -H., Shin, I. -G., Cha, S. -M., Kim, D. -J., Kim, H. -W., Kim, S. -L., Lee, C. -U., Lee, D. -J., Lee, Y., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Novati, S. Calchi, Carey, S., Henderson, C. B., Beichman, C., Gaudi, B. S., Mroz, P., Poleski, R., Skowron, J., Szymanski, M. K., Soszynski, I., Kozlowski, S., Pietrukowicz, P., Ulaczyk, K., Pawlak, M., Abe, F., Asakura, Y., Barry, R., Bennett, D. P., Bhattacharya, A., Donachie, M., Evans, P., Fukui, A., Hirao, Y., Itow, Y., Kawasaki, K., Koshimoto, N., Li, M. C. A., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyazaki, S., Muraki, Y., Nagakane, M., Ohnishi, K., Ranc, C., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To, Sharan, A., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Tristram, P. J., Yamada, T., Yonehara, A., Bryden, G., Howell, S. B., Jacklin, S., Penny, M. T., Mao, S., Fouque, Pascal, Wang, T., Street, R. A., Tsapras, Y., Hundertmark, M., Bachelet, E., Dominik, M., Li, Z., Cross, S., Cassan, A., Horne, K., Schmidt, R., Wambsganss, J., Ment, S. K., Maoz, D., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Ciceri, Simona, D'Ago, G., Evans, D. F., Hinse, T. C., Kerins, E., Kokotanekova, R., Longa, P., MacKenzie, J., Popovas, A., Rabus, M., Rahvar, S., Sajadian, S., Skottfelt, J., Southworth, J., and von Essen, C.
Abstract: We report the discovery of OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb, which is likely to be the first Spitzer microlensing planet in the Galactic bulge/ bar, an assignation that can be confirmed by two epochs of high-resolution imaging of the combined source-lens baseline object. The planet's mass, M-p = 13.4 +/- 0.9 M-J, places it right at the deuteriumburning limit, i. e., the conventional boundary between planets and brown dwarfs. Its existence raises the question of whether such objects are really planets (formed within the disks of their hosts) or failed stars (lowmass objects formed by gas fragmentation). This question may ultimately be addressed by comparing disk and bulge/bar planets, which is a goal of the Spitzer microlens program. The host is a G dwarf, M-host = 0.89. +/- 0.07 M-circle dot, and the planet has a semimajor axis a similar to 2.0 au. We use Kepler K2 Campaign 9 microlensing data to break the lens-mass degeneracy that generically impacts parallax solutions from Earth-Spitzer observations alone, which is the first successful application of this approach. The microlensing data, derived primarily from near-continuous, ultradense survey observations from OGLE, MOA, and three KMTNet telescopes, contain more orbital information than for any previous microlensing planet, but not quite enough to accurately specify the full orbit. However, these data do permit the first rigorous test of microlensing orbital-motion measurements, which are typically derived from data taken over < 1% of an orbital period.
Published: 2018
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100. OGLE-2015-BLG-1459L: The Challenges of Exo-moon Microlensing

Author: Hwang, K.-H., Udalski, A., Bond, I. A., Albrow, M. D., Chung, S.-J., Gould, A., Han, C., Jung, Y. K., Ryu, Y.-H., Shin, I.-G., Yee, J. C., Zhu, W., Cha, S.-M., Kim, D.-J., Kim, H.-W., Kim, S.-L., Lee, C.-U., Lee, D.-J., Lee, Y., Park, B.-G., Pogge, R. W., Pawlak, M., Poleski, R., Szymański, M. K., Skowron, J., Soszyński, I., Mróz, P., Kozłowski, S., Pietrukowicz, P., Ulaczyk, K., Abe, F., Asakura, Y., Barry, R., Bennett, D. P., Bhattacharya, A., Donachie, M., Evans, P., Fukui, A., Hirao, Y., Itow, Y., Kawasaki, K., Koshimoto, N., Li, M. C. A., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyazaki, S., Muraki, Y., Nagakane, M., Ohnishi, K., Ranc, C., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sharan, A., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, Daisuke, Tristram, P. J., Yamada, T., Yonehara, A., Hwang, K.-H., Udalski, A., Bond, I. A., Albrow, M. D., Chung, S.-J., Gould, A., Han, C., Jung, Y. K., Ryu, Y.-H., Shin, I.-G., Yee, J. C., Zhu, W., Cha, S.-M., Kim, D.-J., Kim, H.-W., Kim, S.-L., Lee, C.-U., Lee, D.-J., Lee, Y., Park, B.-G., Pogge, R. W., Pawlak, M., Poleski, R., Szymański, M. K., Skowron, J., Soszyński, I., Mróz, P., Kozłowski, S., Pietrukowicz, P., Ulaczyk, K., Abe, F., Asakura, Y., Barry, R., Bennett, D. P., Bhattacharya, A., Donachie, M., Evans, P., Fukui, A., Hirao, Y., Itow, Y., Kawasaki, K., Koshimoto, N., Li, M. C. A., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyazaki, S., Muraki, Y., Nagakane, M., Ohnishi, K., Ranc, C., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sharan, A., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, Daisuke, Tristram, P. J., Yamada, T., and Yonehara, A.
Abstract: 著者人数: 61名ほか (所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 鈴木, 大介), Accepted: 2018-05-02
Published: 2018

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