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Glenea albosignatipennis Breuning, 1950 (Figures 37–38, 44) Glenea (s. str.) albosignatipennis Breuning, 1950: 260. TL: India, North Belgaum, Bombay. TD: IFRI. Glenea (Glenea) albosignatipennis: Breuning, 1956a: 61; Breuning, 1956b: 713. Type specimen examined Holotype, 1 ♀, on twig of, Tarewadi 2600 feet, N. Belgaum, 1938.V.21, J.A. Graham (IFRI). Other specimens examined India: 1 ♂, ‘ paratype’ (unmentioned in Breuning 1950 and therefore not type), Somwarpet, Coorg, S. India (NHMB, ex FREY). 1 ♀, Somwarpet, Coorg, S. India (BMNH, with a yellow label ‘ Data unreliable. See Brit. Mus. 1949–314’.) Description complementary to Breuning (1950, 1956b). The only examined male specimen (Figure 38) matches with females very well in colour and patterns of pubescent maculae. Male with antennae longer than body length, labrum medially provided with two pairs of suberect, distinctly elongate yellowish brown setae arising from respective punctures, sternite VII with a distinct umbo prior to apical opening (Figure 38 (b)), apex rounded. Both male and female with simple claws. Distribution India (Karnataka and Maharashtra). Remarks Breuning (1950: 261) described this species based on ‘Longueur 12 mm. Largeur 3 mm 1/ 3. Type une female de North Belgaum, Bombay (J.A. Graham)’, wrote something about males in the original description, and repeated the sexual difference in Breuning (1956b), also only mentioning the holotype female (Figure 37). However, one male specimen in NHMB was labelled as paratype and with a handwritten identification label by Breuning (Figure 38 (d)). Since it was not mentioned in the original literature (Breuning 1950), it cannot be treated as paratype. The second author examined another female of this species deposited at BMNH, with the same locality label as the male in Figure 38, but with a yellow label noted ‘Data unreliable. See Brit. Mus. 1949–314’. Michael Geiser (m.geiser@nhm.ac.uk, 7 January 2020) from BMNH informed us that The famous Cerambycids specialist E.F. Gilmour was caught stealing specimens from the London museum back in the 1940s. Most of his specimens were later returned to the museum, but there was a suspicion that he could have swapped around some of the labels and faked some of the data to wipe out his traces. As far as I am aware, the vast majority of the specimens still have the correct labels, but the curators at the time added this label as a cautionary measure, because in some cases the label data could have been compromised The male specimen in NHMB (Figure 38) having the exact same locality label proves that the female in BMNH has the correct labels. Therefore, the locality Somwarpet, Coorg, S. India, is correct; it is now in Karnataka state, south India, which is situated nearly 600 km away from the type locality Tarewadi village, now in Kolhapur district of Maharashtra state., Published as part of Hiremath, Sangamesh R. & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2021, Description of two new species of Glenea Newman, 1842 from southern India and reinstatement of Glenea vestalis Heller, 1934 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini), pp. 205-245 in Journal of Natural History 55 (3 - 4) on pages 234-238, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2021.1900442, http://zenodo.org/record/5473739, {"references":["Breuning S. 1950. Descriptions de nouveaux Lamiaires de l'Inde (Coleopteres). Indian For Rec (New Ser) Entomol. 7 (8 [1949]): 255 - 265.","Breuning S. 1956 a. Revision der Gattung Glenea Newman. Entomol Arb Mus G Frey. 7 (1): 1 - 199.","Breuning S. 1956 b. Revision der Gattung Glenea Newm. (1. Fortsetzung). Entomol Arb Mus G Frey. 7: 671 - 893."]}

Glenea vellayaniensis sp. nov. (Figures 1–12) Type material Holotype: ♂, (1) India: Kerala / Vellayani / 8.43333333 N, 76.98416667 E / 5 May 2019, at light / S. R. Hiremath Coll. (2) HOLOTYPE/ Glenea vellayaniensis sp. nov. /des. Hiremath and Lin, 2020 (red label). Paratypes (2 specimens, both with a white locality label as given below, besides a second pink label: ‘ PARATYPE / Glenea vellayaniensis sp. nov. /des. Hiremath & Lin, 2020’): 1♀ with label as follows: India: Kerala / Vellayani; 17. November. 2016/ 8.43333333 N, 76.98416667 E /S. R. Hiremath Coll.; 1♀ with label as follows: India: Kerala / Vellayani; 5. i. 2017 / 8.43333333 N, 76.98416667 E /S. R. Hiremath Coll. Description Male (n = 1) (Figure 1). Body length measured from vertex to elytral apex 6.29 mm; humeral width 1.92 mm. General body colour reddish brown; head, antennomeres I–II, pronotum, elytra and ventral side of body reddish brown; apical half of mandibles black; anteclypeus and antennomeres III–XI yellowish brown; maxillary and labial palpi, legs (except tarsal claws) yellowish brown; tarsal claws reddish brown. Head with frons thickly adpressed with cream yellow hairs; outer margin of upper eye lobes on each side of vertex ornamented with transverse, oblong band of adpressed yellow hairs; area surrounding lower eye lobes, gena, postclypeus thickly adpressed with white hairs. Basal half of mandibles adpressed with thick white hairs. Apical half of labrum adpressed with transverse band of pale white hairs; middle portion of labrum adorned with transversely arranged, seven golden yellow suberect setae, setae at middle smaller than remaining. Head slightly wider than pronotum, randomly covered with punctures subequal in size to those on pronotum, medially impressed with a fine dark brown longitudinal sulcus running from postclypeus to vertex. Labrum thick, protruding, longer than anteclypeus, lying over mandibles; mandibles concealed in frontal view; dorsal surface of labrum with a median transverse ridge, followed by a postmedian shallow excavation; apical margin smooth and truncated. Eyes with lower lobes 2.17 times as long as gena, connected to upper lobes by five rows of ommatidia. Antennal tubercles weakly developed, widely separated, with space between them transversely flat. Antenna with antennomeres I–VII moderately setose beneath with dark brown suberect setae; integument of antennomere I–XI uniformly covered with dark brown and yellowish brown recumbent setae. Antennae surpassing elytral apex near distal end of antennomere VIII, 1.35 times as long as body. Scape thick, cylindrical, slightly narrowed at base, integument uniformly covered with shallow punctures. Ratio of lengths of antennomeres: 1.00: 0.29: 1.35: 1.35: 1.06: 1.00: 0.94: 0.88: 0.88: 0.82: 0.82. Pronotum with pronotal disc faintly covered with yellowish brown recumbent setae, intermixed with uniformly distributed golden yellow erect setae originating from respective punctures; pronotal disc, on each side, ornamented with a broad, longitudinal, sublateral band of thick, adpressed creamy yellow hairs, turning white postmedially, inner margin of this band distinctly concave at its proximal third; lower lateral sides of pronotum, on each side, just above procoxae ornamented with a broad, longitudinal band of thick adpressed white hairs; basal middle of pronotum ornamented with a short, angulate patch of thickly adpressed hairs, white intermixed with yellow; centro-notal area with pubescence of white and yellowish brown disposed into a faint, median, narrow longitudinal band. Pronotum transverse, 1.15 times as wide as long, 0.68 times as long as humeral width; apical margin broader than basal margin; lateral margin on each side slightly swollen at middle and weakly constricted before basal margin. Pronotal disc densely covered with fine punctures; impressed ante-basally with a shallow, transverse groove; pronotal disc just before ante-basal groove, impressed at its middle with a weakly raised, short ridge. Apical margin straight, basal margin weakly sinuate. Scutellum short, tongue-shaped with distinctly arcuate apex; prominently covered with thickly adpressed yellow hairs. Elytra uniformly covered with moderately dense, yellowish grey pubescence; elytral disc uniformly intermixed with suberect golden yellow setae arising from respective punctures; outer margin and apex of elytron fringed with single row of golden yellow suberect setae. Elytral disc, on each side, ornamented with pubescent spots arranged as follows: pre-medially with two spots, medially with one and post-medially with four spots along with a short, sub-lateral pubescent band. First premedian spot located at basal quarter, between humeral prominence and scutellum, made up of thick yellow pubescence, large, broadly bean-shaped with white halo on its borders; second premedian spot located sub-laterally at basal third, small, oval, made up of thick white hairs. Median spot largest, placed between sutural and sub-lateral margins, transversely oval, made up of thick yellow hairs bordered with halo of white hairs; anterior margin angulate at its middle, posterior margin obliquely straight. Post-median spots arranged as follows: first and second spots placed obliquely side by side, just behind middle; first spot located along sutural margin, hemispherical, made up of thick yellow hairs bordered with halo of white hairs, antero-laterally joins median spot along sutural margin; second spot touches sub-lateral margin, circular, made up of thick white hairs; third spot at apical third of elytral disc, largest of post-median spots, made up of thick yellow hairs, bordered with halo of white hairs; second and third spots joined laterally along sub-lateral margin by a short, narrow, longitudinal band of white hairs; fourth spot located on elytral apex, transversely oval, subequal in size to first and second post-median spots, made up of thick yellow hairs, anteriorly bordered with narrow band of white hairs. Elytra elongate, 0.68 times as long as body, 3.30 times as long as pronotum, 2.22 times as long as humeral width; broadest at base, gradually narrowed towards apex. Humeral prominence well developed, obtusely ridged. Sublateral margin impressed with a longitudinal carina, slightly curved at basal fourth, originating from humeral prominence, extending to apical third of elytra. Elytral disc dorsally flat, coarsely punctate up to apical third, punctures becoming finer towards apex; elytral apex truncate with sutural angle dentate and marginal angle stretched into acute spine. Legs with faintly adpressed golden yellow recumbent setae, long and dense on tibiae, interspersed with randomly distributed suberect setae of similar colour. Tarsal claws appendiculate on all legs. Sternites with median portion of pro-, meso- and metasternum uniformly covered with fine, golden yellow recumbent hairs; mesepisternum, mesepimeron and metepisternum thickly adpressed with creamy white hairs; lateral sides of metasternum thickly adpressed with creamy yellow hairs. Abdomen with median longitudinal space uniformly covered with golden yellow recumbent hairs. Ventrites I–IV, laterally on each side, ornamented with a large, thickly adpressed white-haired spot. Sternite VII, laterally on either side with a post-basal spot of similar hairs as previous. Abdomen with sternite VII 0.23 times as long as abdomen, 1.33 times as long as previous segment; disc without a medio-longitudinal sulcus; apex weakly emarginate. Male genitalia (Figures 4–6). Tergite VIII (Figure 4) trapezoidal with apical margin truncated, moderately fringed with light brown elongate setae; lateral margins weakly curved in basal third, fringed with light brown elongate setae from basal third to apex, sparser proximally, denser at distal fourth on inner side; median disc of tergite VIII adorned with randomly distributed light brown, minute, adpressed setae of similar colour. Sternite VIII rectangular, proximal two-thirds with angular reddish brown patch, apex on each side of middle adorned with a transverse patch of medium to elongate, light brown, suberect setae. Spiculum gastrale about 4.43 times as long as spiculum relictum, Y-shaped with median arm slightly longer than lateral arms, distinctly curved at apex; lateral arms obliquely straight, bearing membranous dilation at their distal end. Tegmen (Figure 5 (a– c)) about 1.43 mm long, curved at middle in lateral view (Figure 5 (c)). Basal piece present, reddish brown, distally arcuate, entire surface uniformly covered with minute, suberect spinules. Roof present. Ringed part converging, constricted near widest portion; manubrium hollow, thick in appearance due to internally explanated membrane on each side, in both dorsal and ventral planes; constricted just before basal end; basal end of manubrium abridged by a rectangular membrane, truncated apically (Figure 5 (a)). Lateral lobes (Figure 5 (b)) separated, about 0.25 times as long as total length of tegmen with basal margins transversely ridged; inner margins straight, outer margins oblique, gradually arcuate towards apex; apex rounded. Integument in ventral view red-brown except for a small lighter apical area; basal margin of integument impressed with a transverse row of reddish brown, medium sized, suberect setae; remaining surface randomly covered with similar setae except for a few glabrous spaces near central area; apex concentrated with elongate light brown setae. Median lobe (Figure 6 (a–b)) subequal to length of tegmen, arcuate in lateral view; basal struts originate almost near apical fourth; ventral plate (Figure 6 (b)) dark brown at apical one-fifth, interspersed with a few randomly distributed punctures; apex obtusely pointed, lateral sides asymmetrical, with right side weakly concave near apex. Endophallus (Figures 7–9) in lateral view about 3.90 times as long as median lobe; BPH about 0.28 times as long as endophallus, with membrane transversely plicate; distal end bearing CS embedded in ventral membrane, dorsal membrane embedded with a pair of median sclerotic plates (Figure 8). MPH with MT short, slightly bulged at distal end, about 0.09 times as long as endophallus; membrane of MT randomly distributed with a few round spicules, dorsal membrane at proximal third impressed with a median patch of densely distributed angulate spicules (Figure 8). CT uniformly tubular, curved at middle, about 0.19 times as long as endophallus, proximal two-thirds of membrane uniformly covered with angulate spicules, gradually turning obtuse towards beginning of apical third; apical third dark, densely and compactly adorned with C-shaped spicules, reaching up to proximal half of PB; PB tubular in proximal half, bulged at distal half, as long as MT, uniformly but not densely adorned with C-shaped spicules, gradually turning into U-shaped spicules towards APH. APH funnel shaped, as long as MT, uniformly and closely adorned with stout, broadly U-shaped spicules; junction between PB and APH circumscribed by membranous fringe; apex of APH continued with a membranous tube, bearing RS at distal end. RS about 0.19 times as long as endophallus, uniformly curved in lateral view, composed of two closely appressed, sclerotised plates, of which ventral plate (Figure 9 (b)) dorso-ventrally flattened with lateral sides curved upwards towards dorsal plane distally, broadly encasing dorsal plate; dorsal plate (Figure 9 (a)) made up of two closely approximated inconspicuous rods, forming tubular structure; proximal ends bearing two asymmetrical, falcate tines, one tine being longer than other; apex of longer tine bearing divaricate claw-like projection. ED single, arises medially from distal end of dorsal plate of RS. Female (n = 2) (Figures 2–3). Body length 6.86–6.91 mm, humeral width 2.21–2.26 mm. Similar to male in general appearance, with the following differences. Head with lower eye lobes 1.30–1.33 times as long as genae; mandibles distinctly visible in frontal view. Antennae 1.31 times as long as body. Ratio of lengths of antennomeres: 1.00: 0.25: 1.25: 1.25: 0.95: 0.90: 0.85: 0.80: 0.75: 0.70: 0.70. Pronotum 1.20–1.21 times as wide as long, 0.62–0.65 times as long as humeral width. Elytra 0.72 times as long as body, 3.47–3.55 times as long as pronotum, 2.19–2.26 times as long as humeral width. Last abdominal ventrite robust, dorsally convex, about 0.30–0.32 times as long as length of abdomen, 2.10–2.22 times as long as previous segment; disc medially impressed with a dark brown longitudinal sulcus; apex broadly crescent shaped. Female genitalia (Figures 10–12) with ovipositor (Figure 10 (a)) about 1.10 mm long, in dorsal view thickly covered with adpressed light brown setae at apical third (except coxite lobe and stylus), immediately followed by compactly disposed cells, in scale-like arrangement throughout basal two-thirds except outer margin on each side, which is randomly distributed with a few circular punctures. Coxite lobe light brown, randomly covered with circular punctures except at apex; apex of coxite lobe in dorsal view (Figure 10 (b)) transversely impressed with a single row of closely congregated circular punctures with six setae arising from them, outer setae on either side longer and pointed, remaining setae placed between them, shorter, subequal to each other and obtusely pointed. Stylus dome-shaped, red brown, continuous with coxite lobe; basal portion of stylus impressed with a few remotely distributed punctures; apex of stylus bears a single seta arising from associated puncture. Vaginal plates flap shaped, weakly sclerotised, basally red brown. Bursa copulatrix (Figure 12) elongate, basal two-thirds tubular and bi-sinuate, apical third distinctly capitate. Spermathecal duct distinctly longer than spermatheca, enters bursa copulatrix at apical third, uniformly tubular, with its distal end slightly curved. Spermatheca (Figure 11) arise on spermathecal duct separately, before spermathecal gland, red brown with basal end obliquely curved, distinctly moulded into an elongate, U-shaped tubule up to apical third; apex curved, distinctly capitate. Spermathecal gland sac like, basally with a distinctly sclerotised ringed plate giving rise to a short sclerotised tube. Tignum longer than abdomen. In the specimen examined, tignum measured about 4.94 mm in length while abdomen measured about 3.17 mm. Differential diagnosis Glenea vellayaniensis sp. nov. is closely allied to G. pulchella Pascoe, 1858 and G. vestalis Heller, 1934 by the integument colouration, shape of elytra, and yellow hairs covering the body; however, it can be easily distinguished from them by the appendiculate claws (simple claws for G. pulchella and G. vestalis) and distinct shape of the male genitalia, viz. median lobe distinctly curved in lateral view (vs median lobe weakly curved in lateral view in G. pulchella and G. vestalis), tegmen with lateral lobes medium sized and wider (vs tegmen with lateral lobes distinctly elongate and slender in G. pulchella and G. vestalis), basal piece arcuate distally (vs basal piece bifurcated distally in G. pulchella and G. vestalis), ringed part of tegmen constricted near widest portion (vs ringed part of tegmen weakly geniculated in G. pulchella and G. vestalis), manubrium of ringed part hollow, constricted just before basal end, which is short, and abridged by rectangular membrane (vs manubrium of the ringed part closely approximated from middle, continued to distal end as a slender rod in G. pulchella and G. vestalis), median arm of spiculum gastrale slightly longer than lateral arms (vs median arm of spiculum gastrale distinctly longer than lateral arms in G. pulchella and G. vestalis) and RS composed of two closely appressed, sclerotised plates, of which ventral plate is dorso-ventrally flattened to encase dorsal plate, while dorsal plate is made up of two closely approximated inconspicuous rods, forming tubular structure; proximal ends bear two asymmetrical, falcate tines, one tine being longer than other; apex of longer tine bearing divaricate claw like projection (vs RS without any modifications as previous but made up of 4 rods in G. pulchella and 3 rods in G. vestalis). In female genitalia, spermatheca with stalk strongly moulded into U-shaped tubule (vs stalk slightly curved basally in G. pulchella and G. vestalis). It is also similar to Bifidunguiglenea gestroi (Gahan, 1894) in the integument colouration, body shape and yellow-haired maculae, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by the following characters: claws appendiculate (vs claws bifid in B. gestroi); male genitalia with median lobe distinctly curved in lateral view (vs median lobe indistinctly curved in lateral view in B. gestroi); tegmen with lateral lobes medium sized and wider (vs lateral lobes distinctly short and stout in B. gestroi) lateral lobes separated and ventral face sparsely covered with randomly distributed suberect setae (vs lateral lobes confluent except apex, ventral face densely covered with suberect setae in B. gestroi); ringed part of tegmen constricted near widest portion (vs ringed part of tegmen weakly geniculated in B. gestroi); manubrium of ringed part hollow, constricted just before basal end; basal end short, abridged by rectangular membrane (vs manubria of the ringed part joined with each other at basal third, continued to basal end as short, slender rod in B. gestroi); tergite VIII with apical margin truncated (vs apical margin of tergite VIII angulately projected at middle in B. gestroi); female genitalia with stalk of spermatheca strongly moulded into U-shaped tubule (vs spermatheca with stalk nearly straight in B. gestroi). Etymology The name refers to the type locality of the species, Vellayani campus of the Kerala Agricultural University, situated on the banks of the Vellayani lake, on the outskirts of Trivandrum, in the capital city of Kerala, India. Life history All three specimens were collected by the blue light of Actinic BL TL 8 W tubes. Distribution India (Kerala). Remarks on generic affinity Glenea vellayaniensis sp. nov. is an atypical member of the genus Glenea because of the appendiculate female claws. Claws vary greatly between the males of Glenea spp. (Gahan 1897; Lin et al. 2009b; Lin and Yang 2011), but all of them have simple claws in the females. When the female claws are not simple, they are placed in their own genus in most cases (Lin et al. 2009a; Lin and Tavakilian 2012). The genera Eumecocera Solsky, 1871 and Pareutetrapha Breuning, 1952 have appendiculate claws in both male and female. However, the new species can not be combined with any of these genera because of the presence of a lateral elytral carina, a truncated elytral apex, and distinctly different male genitalia. Meanwhile, some members currently placed in the genus Glenea also have appendiculate claws in both sexes, such as G. lineatocollis Thomson, 1860 and G. tenuilineata Thomson, 1879. However, the new species differs from them not only by morphological characters such as elytral shape, colour and haired pattern, but also by the fe, Published as part of Hiremath, Sangamesh R. & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2021, Description of two new species of Glenea Newman, 1842 from southern India and reinstatement of Glenea vestalis Heller, 1934 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini), pp. 205-245 in Journal of Natural History 55 (3 - 4) on pages 208-217, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2021.1900442, http://zenodo.org/record/5473739, {"references":["Pascoe FP. 1858. XVII. On new genera and species of Longicorn Coleoptera. Part III. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond. (2) 4 (6 - 7): 236 - 266.","Heller KM. 1934. New and Little-Known Philippine Coleoptera. Philipp J Sci. 54 (2): 279 - 307.","Gahan CJ. 1894. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e Regioni vicine. LVI. A list of the Longicorn Coleoptera collected by Signor Fea in Burma and the adjoining regions, with descriptions of the new Genera and species. Ann Mus Civ Stor Nat Genova. 34: 5 - 104.","Gahan CJ. 1897. Notes on the longicorn genus Glenea Newm., with descriptions of new species. Ann Mag Nat Hist. 19 (6): 473 - 493. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939708680567","Lin M-Y, Tavakilian G, Montreuil O, Yang X-K. 2009 b. A study on the indiana & galathea speciesgroup of the genus Glenea, with descriptions of four new species (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini). Ann Soc Entomol Fr. 45 (2): 157 - 176. doi: 10.1080 / 00379271.2009.10697599","Lin M-Y, Yang X-K. 2011. A new species Glenea shuteae sp. nov. from Yunnan, China, compared with Glenea decolorata Heller (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Saperdini). Acta Zoot Sinica. 36 (1): 40 - 44.","Lin M-Y, Montreuil O, Tavakilian G, Yang X-K. 2009 a. Reinstatement of the genus Heteroglenea Gahan, with four new combinations, four new synonyms and three new species (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini). Zootaxa. 2137: 1 - 22. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2137.1.1.","Lin M-Y, Tavakilian GL. 2012. A New Genus Bifidunguiglenea gen. nov. is erected for the Species Glenea gestroi Gahan (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini). PLoS ONE. 7 (7): e 40768. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0040768","Solsky S. 1871. Coleopteres de la Siberie orientale. Horae Soc Entomol Rossicae. 7 (1870 - 1871): 334 - 406.","Breuning S. 1952. Revision einiger Gattungen aus der Gruppe der Saperdini Mulsant. (Col., Cerambycidae). Entomol Arb Mus G Frey. 3: 107 - 211.","Thomson J. 1860. Essai d'une classification de la famille des cerambycides et materiaux pour servir a une monographie de cette famille. Paris: chez l'auteur [James Thomson] et au bureau du tresorier de la Societe entomologique de France; p. xvi + 1 - 128.","Thomson J. 1879. Typi Cerambycidarum Appendix 1 a. Revue Mag Zool Paris. 7 (3): 1 - 23."]}

Glenea pseudoalbosignatipennis sp. nov. (Figures 26–33, 43) Type material HOLOTYPE: ♀, with labels as follows: (1) India, Karnataka, Shimoga Dist., Agumbe Ghat, 2000 ft., V.2001 (CCH). (2) HOLOTYPE/ Glenea pseudoalbosignatipennis sp. nov. /des. Hiremath & Lin, 2020 (red label). Paratypes (4 specimens, with a white locality label as given below, besides a second pink label: ‘ PARATYPE / Glenea pseudoalbosignatipennis sp. nov. /des. Hiremath & Lin, 2020’): 3♂, India: Kerala: Kozhikode/ Chappanthottam: Melukavu Panchayat / 11.70055556 N, 75.81833333 E / 09. December 2018/S. R. Hiremath Coll./Ex. Syzygium jambos; 1♂, with label as follows: India: Karnataka / Kudremukha Peak / 13.13361111 N, 75.28416667 E / 13. May 2011, 1195 m/K.D. Prathapan & K. Shameem Coll. Note: the paratypes were lost in a fire accident between acceptance and publication of this manuscript. However, all specimens were thoroughly studied, and relevant measurements and all necessary illustrations including that of the male genitalia are provided. Description Male (n = 4) (Figure 26 (a–d)). Body length measured from vertex to elytral apex 10.74–11.52 mm; humeral width 3.66–3.96 mm. General body colour brick reddish brown, head and pronotum darker than elytra, faintly covered with fine, minute, recumbent, yellowish grey hairs, denser on elytra, legs and ventral side of body. Head with frons, vertex, postclypeus, labrum, base of mandibles brick reddish brown; anteclypeus yellowish brown with marginal angles ornamented with yellow spot; eyes, apical half of mandibles black; labial and maxillary palpi yellowish brown. Frons with lateral sides ornamented with thickly haired, creamy yellow, longitudinal band at base of antennal tubercles, continued between upper eye lobes, traversing vertex as slightly narrowed longitudinal bands; frons between lateral bands moderately adpressed with creamy yellow hairs. Posterior sides of eye lobes ornamented with narrow bands of similar hairs, which continue onto genae as wide, pubescent banding, anteriorly merging with lateral bands of frons on their inner side. Base of anteclypeus ornamented with creamy yellow, transverse, thickly haired band, interspersed on lateral sides with three pairs of elongate, suberect, dark brown setae arising from respective punctures. Labrum adorned on lateral sides with two pairs of punctures, each giving rise to paired, conjoint, elongate, suberect, dark brown setae (however, in one specimen these setae are asymmetrical with right side bearing one extra seta arising separately on outer side). Inner margins of eye lobes, frons, vertex and genae interspersed with randomly distributed, dark brown, suberect setae arising from respective punctures. Head slightly narrower than pronotum, moderately covered with deep punctures; frons weakly convex in lateral view, medially impressed with fine, dark brown sulcus, running from postclypeus to vertex; antennal tubercles weakly produced, divergent, widely separated at base, area between antennal tubercles flat, anteriorly inclined; eyes finely faceted, distinctly emarginated; upper eye lobes connected to lower eye lobes by 6–7 rows of ommatidia; lower eye lobes oval, 2.13–2.38 times as long as genae. Antennae surpass elytral apex at base of antennomere IX, 1.32–1.34 times as long as body. Antennomeres I–IX reddish brown, antennomeres I–III shiny, antennomeres IV–IX matt in appearance, antennomeres X and XI dark brown, matt in appearance. Antennomeres I–VI fringed beneath with elongate, dark brown, suberect setae, shorter on antennomeres V and VI. Base of scape towards outer side on dorsum, ventro-apical side of antennomeres VII and VIII bearing a single, dark brown, elongate, suberect seta. Integument of antenna covered with fine, yellowish grey, recumbent, faint hairs on scape, pedicel, base and ventral side of antennomeres III; remaining antennomeres adorned with dark brown recumbent setae, interspersed with a few randomly distributed minute, yellowish grey suberect setae. Scape cylindrical, weakly and gradually narrowed towards base; base of scape emarginated on inner side. Antennomere XI gradually and weakly thickened towards obtusely pointed apex. Ratio of lengths of antennomeres: 1.00: 0.22–- 0.24: 1.24–1.26: 1.00: 1.04: 1.04: 1.04: 0.91–0.92: 0.91–0.92: 0.80–0.83: 1.04. Prothorax dark brown, interspersed with randomly distributed red brown to dark brown suberect setae. Pronotal disc medially ornamented with a distinctly narrow, creamy yellow (creamy white in preserved specimens), longitudinal band, interrupted postmedially and reappears as oval, haired spot near basal margin; sublateral and lower lateral sides ornamented on each side with a broad, thickly haired, creamy yellow (creamy white in preserved specimens) longitudinal band, inner margins obliquely bisinuate, outer margins nearly straight; central area of these bands ornamented on each side with a pre-medial, irregularly oval, dark brown spot, remaining area interspersed with six dark brown, remotely and randomly distributed, elongate, suberect setae arising from dark-spotted base. Pronotum 1.13–1.26 times wider than long, 0.56–- 0.60 times as long as humeral width, apical margin slightly broader than basal margin; lateral sides slightly swollen at middle and weakly constricted just behind middle; pronotal disc densely covered with coarse, deep punctures; centro-notal area distinctly convex, postmedially continued as a short ridge, longitudinally impressed with a fine, dark brown sulcus; apical margin transversely straight, basal margin distinctly convex at middle. Scutellum short, tongue-shaped, apical half thickly covered with creamy white, adpressed hairs; rounded apically. Elytra reddish brown in general, postmedial disc darker than premedial disc, basal third interspersed with several dark brown, elongate, suberect setae; sparsely fringed with a few similar setae at apex. Elytral disc on each side, ornamented with one epipleural, three premedial, one medial and one postmedial, thickly haired spots; elytral epipleura ornamented with a small, creamy white, oval spot at base; premedian spots creamy white, disposed broadly in triangular fashion: first spot circular, situated at basal third, second spot smaller than previous, circular, obliquely placed, just behind basal third in close proximity to sub-lateral carina, third spot oblong, largest of premedial spots, placed behind basal third along sutural margin, and close to middle; medial spot largest, creamy yellow (creamy white in preserved specimen), irregularly oval, situated between sutural and sub-lateral margins, apical margin of this spot convex at middle, basal margin distinctly notched at middle; postmedian spot circular, creamy white, situated at apical fourth, subequal to premedian, sutural spot. Elytra elongate, about 0.68–0.69 times as long as body, 3.33–3.59 times as long as pronotum, 2.00–2.02 times as long as humeral width, wider at base, gradually narrowed towards apex; apex generally emarginated (Figures 26 (a) and 43(a)) (slightly truncate in one specimen), sutural angle dentate, marginal angle stretched into acute spine. Humeral prominence distinctly and angularly produced (Figure 43 (b)). Elytra with premedial disc covered with coarse punctures, punctures on postmedial disc gradually turning finer and sparsely distributed. Elytral disc impressed with two longitudinal rows of coarse punctures, gradually becoming finer towards apex between sublateral and lateral margin. Sublateral margin impressed with two longitudinal carinae: one begins at base of humeral prominence, other begins just below humeral prominence; carinae parallel to each other before merging with one another at apical fourth, continued as short carina, terminating along acute spine at marginal angle of elytral apex. Elytra in lateral view, weakly convex at base and apical fourth, flat at middle, slightly sloped pre-apically. Legs yellowish brown, except reddish brown tarsal claws. Outer and inner margins of fore-tibiae sparsely fringed with a few yellowish brown, suberect setae. Inner margins of mid and hind tibiae fringed with medium sized, suberect setae same colour as previous. Tarsi interspersed with a few dark brown, recumbent setae at their apex. Tarsal claws divaricate. Sternites with pro-, meso- and metasternum reddish brown. Mesepisternum ornamented on each side with a medium sized, creamy white, oval spot. Lateral sides of metasternum ornamented on each side with a large, wide, creamy yellow (creamy white in preserved specimens) haired band; sternal space between lateral bands broadly triangular, densely adpressed with golden yellow hairs; posterior margin of metasternum, on either side of discrimen, ornamented with small, transverse oval, creamy white spots. Metepisternum on anterior half ornamented with a creamy white, oval, haired spot, smaller than that on mesepisternum; posterior half ornamented with a longitudinal haired band, wider anteriorly and narrowed posteriorly. Outer face of metacoxa with a transverse, creamy white haired band. Abdomen with ventrites reddish brown. Ventrites I–IV ornamented on each side with a pair of haired bands side by side; inner band on ventrite I transverse, largest among all remaining bands; bands on ventrite IV sometimes fused with each other. Sternite VII ornamented on each side with two haired spots, obliquely placed one behind the other, posterior spot larger than anterior; Sternite VII convex pre-apically, 0.25 times as long as total length of abdomen, and 1.67–1.71 times as long as preceding segment; apical margin distinctly notched at middle. Male genitalia (Figures 27–29). Tergite VIII (Figure 27) U-shaped, with its apical margin broadly obtusely angulate; lateral sides fringed with a few small- to medium-sized, red brown setae at middle, fringed with elongate, red brown, curved setae up to apical margin; apical margin at its middle densely fringed with medium sized, light brown setae; median disc randomly covered with small, red brown, recumbent setae, arising from oval to irregularly raised structures, interspersed with circular bodies. Sternite VIII boat shaped, red-brown; basal margin ornamented on either side of middle with transversely arranged minute, light coloured spinules, sometimes interspersed with a few suberect setae, lateral sides covered with a few suberect setae; apical margin on either side of middle covered with several irregularly dispersed elongate, red brown, suberect setae, interspersed with several minute spinules in a small patch. Spiculum gastrale Y-shaped, 1.81 times as long as spiculum relictum; median arm shorter than lateral arms, separated up to preapical area, abridged medio-longitudinally by flat membrane; apex curved leftward. Spiculum relictum straight or sometimes curved near its middle. Tegmen (Figure 28 (a–c)) 2.65 mm long; in lateral view (Figure 28 (c)), distinctly concave near middle and straight on either side. Basal piece present, distal margin curved, postmedial disc impressed with a transversely curved ridge; entire surface covered with minute, angulate spinules, denser premedially. Roof present. Ringed part converging, constricted near widest portion; manubrium broadly V-shaped with arms distinctly sinuate, basal end surmounted by a short dorso-ventrally flattened areolated membrane (Figure 28 (a)). Lateral lobes (Figure 28 (b)) elongate, cylindrical, 0.33 times as long as tegmen; basal margin obliquely straight; inner and outer margins straight up to apex, apex obliquely rounded; base of inner margins slightly produced behind as thick, curved, widened rod; integument light coloured at apex, lateral margins bearing a few, small, suberect setae, impressed with two elongate setae near apical fourth, apex interspersed with a few randomly distributed, distinctly elongate setae; disc of lateral lobes randomly covered with several medium sized setae except basal margin; basal margin impressed with similar setae arranged transversely. Median lobe (Figure 29 (a–b)) subequal to tegmen, curved in lateral view (Figure 29 (a)); basal struts begin near pre-apical area; ventral plate (Figure 29 (b)) with apical margins appears grooved, preapical area on either side of middle randomly covered with a few minute punctures. Endophallus (Figures 30–32) excluding APH 2.29 times as long as median lobe. BPH 0.57 times as long as median lobe, cylindrical at apical three-fourths, basal fourth distinctly spherical; membrane transversely plicate, densely covered with semi-circular spicules. MPH with MT distinctly short, 0.21 times as long as median lobe, 0.39 times as long as CT; ventral membrane with anterior and posterior half bulged, middle portion depressed; anterior half of ventral membrane transversely plicate, covered with circular spicules. MT bears two pairs of sclerotic plates (Figure 31 (a–c)): anterior pair present adpressed to dorsal membrane at its middle, broadly rectangular, widest at middle, proximal end slightly narrowed; posterior pair placed post-medially, suspended towards ventral membrane, irregular, conical with surface wavy. CT distinctly elongate, subequal to BPH, uniformly cylindrical, with distal end bearing a weakly developed medio-dorsal swelling on ventral membrane; membrane of CT at basal third covered with minute, angulate spicules, remaining surface up to pre-apical area randomly and densely covered with minute circular spicules, lateral sides remotely interspersed with larger, hollow, circular spicules, ventral side with a medio-longitudinal patch of densely distributed angulate spicules; apical area on dorsal side covered with medium-sized, angulate spicules, along with a few larger, hollow, circular spicules on lateral side. PB vessel-shaped, 0.41 times as long as median lobe, with anterior half cylindrical, posterior half distinctly spherical; cylindrical portion with anterior third weakly reticulate, randomly covered with large, hollow, circular spicules, densely and compactly covered with setae like adpressed spicules, becoming fine and short towards bulged portion, lateral side interspersed with a few large, hollow, circular spicules; bulged portion densely and uniformly covered with minute, irregular to semi-circular spicules. RS (Figure 32 (a–b)) as long as CT, 0.55 times as long as median lobe, curved and indistinctly twisted in lateral view, composed of three rods – two lateral and one median; lateral rods abridged at pre-apical area, proximal ends weakly spatulate with transversely corrugated integument, distal ends obtusely pointed; median rod distinctly narrow, with apex giving rise to ED. ED single. Female (n = 1) (Figure 26 (e)). Body length 15.10 mm, humeral width 5.20 mm. Similar to male in general appearance with the following differences: antennae shorter compared with males; pronotum with inner margins of sublateral bands distinctly bisinuate in apical half, obliquely straight in basal half; elytra with first spot largest among premedial spots disposed in triangular fashion; third spot circular to oval, subsutural in position, slightly subequal to second spot; sternite VII medially impressed with a dark brown longitudinal sulcus. Remarks RS closely embedded in APH, concealed inside PB of endophallus (Figure 30). Attempts to inflate the APH were futile and resulted in tearing off the endophallus at PB. Hence, APH was not examined. The female description is based on the measurements and image provided by Carolus Holzschuh, which was photographed by Bruno Brudermann (Austria). Differential diagnosis The new species is similar to G. albosignatipennis Breuning, 1950 and G. signaticollis Gahan, 1889. However, it differs from G. albosignatipennis by the following characters: general body colour brick reddish brown (vs reddish brown in G. albosignatipennis); lower eye lobes of male 2.13–2.38 times as long as genae (vs lower eye lobes of male 5 times as long as genae in G. albosignatipennis); pronotum wider than long (vs pronotum as long as wide in G. albosignatipennis); scutellum tongue-shaped (vs scutellum pentagonal in G. albosignatipennis); humeral prominence (Figure 43 (b)) comparatively distinctly protruding (vs humeral prominence (Figure 44 (b)) comparatively less protruding in G. albosignatipennis); lateral and median bands on pronotum not united ante-basally (vs lateral and median bands united with each other ante-basally in G. albosignatipennis); median longitudinal band discontinuous (vs median longitudinal band continuous in G. albosignatipennis); inner margins of lateral bands obliquely sinuate (vs inner margins of lateral bands straight in G. albosignatipennis); base of elytral epipleura with a creamy white, oval, haired spot (vs elytral epipleural spot absent in G. albosignatipennis); premedian disc of elytron with three haired spots, among them one spot is located along sutural margin (vs pre-median disc of elytron with only two haired spots and sutural spot absent in G. albosignatipennis); post-median disc of elytron with a circular, pre-apical haired spot (vs post-median disc of elytron with a curved, pre-apical haired spot in G. albosignatipennis); elytral apex (43a), on each side, generally emarginated in the new species (elytral apex (44a), on each side, obliquely truncated in G. albosignatipennis); mesepisternum ornamented on each side with an oval spot (vs mesepisternum entirely covered with a large, haired spot in G. albosignatipennis); lateral sides of abdominal ventrites I–IV ornamented with two spots on each side, arranged side by side (vs abdominal ventrite II with two spots on each side, arranged side by side, and ventrites I, III and IV with a single transverse band on each side in G. albosignatipennis); sternite VII with two spots on each side, arranged one behind the other (vs abdominal sternite VII with a single, post-median spot on each side in G. albosignatipennis). The new species can be differentiated from G. signaticollis by the following characters: general body colour brick reddish brown (vs reddish brown or sometimes general colour of head, pronotum and underside of the body except sternite VII black in G. signaticollis); lower eye lobes of male 2.13–2.38 times as long as genae (vs lower eye lobes of male 3 times as long as genae in G. signaticollis); pronotum of male wider than long (vs pronotum of male as long as wide in G. signaticollis); scutellum tongue-shaped (vs scutellum semicircular in G. signaticollis); humeral prominence (Figure 43 (b)) comparatively distinctly protruding (vs humeral prominence (Figure 45 (b)) comparatively less protruding in G. signaticollis); lateral and median bands on pronotum not united ante-basally (vs lateral and median bands united with each other ante-basally in G. signaticollis); median longitudinal band on pronotal disc discontinuous (vs median longitudinal band on pronotal disc continuous or reduced to anterior and posterior spots or broadly divided into halves in G. signaticollis); inner margins of lateral bands of pronotum obliquely sinuate (vs inner margins of lateral bands of pronotum straight or slightly sinuate or indented at middle in G. signaticollis); central area of lateral bands on, Published as part of Hiremath, Sangamesh R. & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2021, Description of two new species of Glenea Newman, 1842 from southern India and reinstatement of Glenea vestalis Heller, 1934 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini), pp. 205-245 in Journal of Natural History 55 (3 - 4) on pages 225-234, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2021.1900442, http://zenodo.org/record/5473739, {"references":["Breuning S. 1950. Descriptions de nouveaux Lamiaires de l'Inde (Coleopteres). Indian For Rec (New Ser) Entomol. 7 (8 [1949]): 255 - 265.","Gahan CJ. 1889. Descriptions of new or little-known species of Glenea in the collection of the British Museum. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond. 1889 (2): 213 - 225."]}

Glenea vestalis Heller, 1934 stat. reinstated (Figures 19–25) Glenea vestalis Heller, 1934: 284, Figure 2. TL: Philippines. TD: SMTD. Glenea pulchella: Aurivillius 1926: 111 (partim). Glenea (Glenea) pulchella: Breuning 1956a: 195 (partim). Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. postmediopunctata Breuning, 1956a: 196. [Unavailable name, infrasubspecies from Tonkin, Vietnam] Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. preapiceconjuncta Breuning, 1956a: 197. [Unavailable name, infrasubspecies from Ceram, Indonesia] Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. transversevittata Breuning, 1956a: 197. [Unavailable name, infrasubspecies from Fundortangabe] Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. vestalis: Breuning 1956a: 197. Glenea (Glenea) pulchella: Hüdepohl 1996: 18. [Misidentification] Type specimen examined Holotype (Figure 19 (a–c)), ♀, Philippines, Arorey, 1923.VIII (SMTD). Other Specimens examined Philippines: 1 ♂, ‘paratype’ of Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. postmediopunctata Breuning, 1956, Dapitan, Mindanao, Baker (MHNL, ex collection P. Lepesme); 1 ♂, ‘paratype’ of Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. postmediopunctata Breuning, 1956, Zamboanga, Mindanao, Baker (MHNL, ex collection P. Lepesme); 1 ♀, ‘paratype’ of Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. postmediopunctata Breuning, 1956, Surigao, Mindanao, Baker (NHMB (Frey)); 1 ♂, Philippines (BMNH); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, Zamboanga Mindanao, Baker (NMNH); 2 ♀♀, Island Samar, Baker (NMNH); 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, Kolambugan, Mindanao, Baker (NMNH); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Davao Mindanao, Baker (NMNH); 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, Mt. Makiling, Luzon, Baker (NMNH); 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, Dapitan, Mindanao, Baker (NMNH); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Butuan Mindanao, Baker (NMNH); 1 ♀, Surigao, Mindanao (NMNH, Tippmann Coll. ’57, 213112); 2 ♀♀, Philippines, Ch Semper (MNHN); 1 ♂, Mindanao (Figure 20 (a,b), MNHN); 3 ♀♀, Mindanao, 1903–1904, J. Waterstradt (MNHN); 1 ♀, Philippines, N. Luzon, Cagayan, Sta. Ana, June 2014, local coll. (DHCO). Malaysia 1 ♀, Java (Meuwen Bay) (MNHN); 2 ♀♀, ‘paratypes’ of Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. preapiceconjuncta Breuning, 1956, Borneo, Sandakan, Baker (NHMB (Frey)); 1 ♀, Malacca, Perak, W. Doherty (MNHN). Indonesia 1 ♀ (Figure 21 (a,b)), ‘type’ of Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. preapiceconjuncta Breuning, 1956, Moluccas, Ceram (= Moluques, Seram) (BMNH, ex Fry Coll, 1905.100); 1 ♀, Maluku, Seram, 35 km E Pasahari, Unit O, 24–30 October 1998, leg. J. Horák (DHCO). Vietnam 1 ♀ (Figure 22 (a,b)), ‘type’ of Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. postmediopunctata Breuning, 1956, Tonkin, Hoa-Binh, A. de Cooman (MHNL, ex Coll. Lepesme, 2002, ex Coll. J. Clermont). Description complementary to Heller (1934) and Breuning (1956a). Male genitalia (Figures 23–24) Tegmen length about 3.5 mm; lateral lobes extremely long and slender, each about 1.8 mm long and 0.05 mm wide, apex covered with short, reddish brown setae; basal piece bifurcated distally; median lobe plus median struts slightly curved, much shorter than tegmen (22:35); median struts about two-thirds of whole median lobe in length; dorsal plate slightly shorter than ventral plate; ventral edge of median orifice slightly pointed; median foramen elongated; internal sac about 3 times as long as median lobe plus median struts, with four pieces of basal armature and three rods; rods about 1.0 mm, shorter than one-third of tegmen. Tergite VIII elongate, U-shaped with its apical margin weakly notched in middle, integument with short setae. Ventrite IX subequal to ringed part of tegmen in length. Female genitalia (Figure 25): Spermatheca elongate, with its stalk curved at base and capsule oval. Spermathecal gland originating from a distinctly sclerotised ringed plate (Figure 25). Tignum much longer than abdomen. In our observation, tignum 8.5 mm for an adult with a 5.3 mm long abdomen in ventral view. Diagnosis This species is very similar to G. pulchella Pascoe at first glance, with body reddish brown and similar yellow-haired maculae. However, they differ from each other in the absence vs presence of the small spot at the centre of apical half. Male genitalia exhibit distinct differences also: lateral lobes shorter than half of tegmen and apex of tergite VIII truncated in G. pulchella (Figures 15 and 16) vs lateral lobes subequal to half of tegmen and apex of tergite VIII weakly notched at middle in G. vestalis (Figures 23 and 24). Distribution Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam. Remarks Breuning (1956a) treated G. vestalis as a morph of G. pulchella, and subsequent authors considered them synonyms (Hüdepohl 1996; Tavakilian and Chevillotte 2020). However, they are two distinct species, and G. vestalis is herein reinstated from synonymy with G. pulchella. Aurivillius (1926: 111) wrote: ‘Specimens from Mindanao have a small sulphur yellow lateral dot behind the middle of elytra; this dot is wanting in specimens from Borneo and Malacca but still more developed in a specimen from Ceram’. Examination of specimens from these localities by the second author revealed that specimens referred to as having a ‘small sulphur yellow lateral dot’ behind the middle of the elytra, from Philippines and Ceram (now Indonesia, Maluku, Seram), are G. vestalis, while the specimens from Borneo and Malacca, in which ‘this dot is wanting’, are G. pulchella. Breuning (1956a) described three morphs, which are all infrasubspecific. The second author examined the ‘type’ and ‘paratypes’ of these morphs; the ‘type’ of Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. preapiceconjuncta Breuning, 1956 (Figure 21 (a,b)) from ‘ Insel Ceram im Britischen Museum’, and the ‘type’ of Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. postmediopunctata Breuning, 1956 (Figure 22 (a,b)) from ‘ Tonkin: Hoa-Binh in coll. Lepesme’ are both females and are both considered Glenea vestalis Heller, 1934 based on the presence of a postmedial, sulphur yellow lateral dot on the elytra. The ‘type’ of Glenea (Glenea) pulchella m. transversevittata Breuning, 1956, based on ‘ein female ohne Fundortangabe in der Sammlung Itzinger’, could not be examined; however, in all probability it belongs to G. vestalis, since Breuning (1956a: 197) compared it with m. postmediopunctata and arranged it between m. preapiceconjuncta and m. vestalis Hell., Published as part of Hiremath, Sangamesh R. & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2021, Description of two new species of Glenea Newman, 1842 from southern India and reinstatement of Glenea vestalis Heller, 1934 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini), pp. 205-245 in Journal of Natural History 55 (3 - 4) on pages 221-225, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2021.1900442, http://zenodo.org/record/5473739, {"references":["Heller KM. 1934. New and Little-Known Philippine Coleoptera. Philipp J Sci. 54 (2): 279 - 307.","Aurivillius C. 1926. Revision of the Philippine species of the Glenini (Coleoptera, Longicornia). Philipp J Sci. D 30: 89 - 115.","Breuning S. 1956 a. Revision der Gattung Glenea Newman. Entomol Arb Mus G Frey. 7 (1): 1 - 199.","Hudepohl K-E. 1996. Uber sudostasiatische Cerambyciden XIV (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Entomofauna Z Entomolog Ansfelden. 17 (1): 1 - 24.","Tavakilian G, Chevillotte H. 2020. Titan: base de donnees internationales sur les Cerambycidae ou Longicornes. Version; [accessed 2020 Jan 8]. http: // titan. gbif. fr / index. html."]}

Hiremath, Sangamesh R., Lin, Mei-Ying (2021): Description of two new species of Glenea Newman, 1842 from southern India and reinstatement of Glenea vestalis Heller, 1934 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini). Journal of Natural History 55 (3-4): 205-245, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2021.1900442, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2021.1900442

Glenea pulchella Pascoe, 1858 (Figures 13–18) Glenea pulchella Pascoe, 1858: 260. TL: Malacca. TD: BMNH. Glenea vesta Pascoe, 1866: 260, pl. 28, Figure 3. [Unnecessary new name for Glenea pulchella Pascoe, 1858] Glenea pulchella: Aurivillius 1926: 111 (partim). Glenea (Glenea) pulchella: Breuning 1956a: 195 (partim). Type specimen examined Holotype (Figure 13 (a–e)), ♂, Malacca (BMNH, ex Pascoe Coll. 93–60). Other specimens examined Malaysia: 1 ♀, Bornéo Occ., Pontianak, 1899 (MNHN) (Figure 14); 1 ♀, Sarawak (MNHN, Museum Paris Coll. H.W. Bates 1952, ex Musaeo, H.W. Bates 1892); 3 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀, Sandakan Borneo, Baker (NMNH); 1 ♀, Sabah, Mt. Trus-Madi, 18 March 2011, local coll. (DHCO); 1 ♀, Sabah Crocker Range, vic. Trus Madi, 13 March 2000, local coll. (DHCO); 1 ♀, Sabah Crocker Range, April 1998, local coll. (DHCO); 1 ♂, Borneo (IRSNB, ex Coll. Nonfried); 1 ♀, Borneo (IRSNB, ex Coll. F. de Moffaris); 1 ♀, Borneo, Pontanak (NHMB, ex FREY); 2 ♀♀, Borneo Occ. Pontianak, 1899 (MNHN); 1 ♂, Borneo, 1891, W. Doherty (MNHN, ex Coll. R. Oberthür, 1952); 1 ♀, Kuching, 1902 (MHNL, ex collection P. Lepesme); 1 ♀, Borneo occ., Pontianak, 1899 (MHNG); 4 ♀♀, Borneo occ., Pontianak, 1899 (MNHN). Singapore 2 ♂♂, Singapore, coll. Wallace (MNHN, ex Musaeo James Thomson); 2 ♂♂, Singapore (MNHN); 1 ♀, Singapore (BMNH); 1 ♀, Singapore (MNHN, ex Musaeo Mniszech). Description complementary to Pascoe (1858) and Breuning (1956a). Male: length: 8.8–10.3 mm, humeral width: 2.6–3.1 mm. Female: length: 11.3–13.4 mm, humeral width: 3.6–4.3 mm. Both male and female with simple claws. Male genitalia (Figures 15–16) Tegmen length about 2.6 mm; lateral lobes long and slender, each about 1.0 mm long and less than 0.1 mm wide, apex covered with short, reddish brown setae; basal piece bifurcated distally; median lobe plus median struts slightly curved, shorter than tegmen (11:13); the median struts about 2/3 of the whole median lobe in length; dorsal plate subequal to ventral plate; ventral edge of median orifice round; median foramen hardly elongated; internal sac 2 times longer than combined length of median lobe and median struts, with 2 pairs of basal armature and 4 rods; each rod about 1.0 mm, shorter than half of tegmen. Tergite VIII trapeziform, apex truncated, with short setae. Length of ventrite IX subequal to ringed part of tegmen. Female genitalia (Figures 17–18) Spermatheca rounded, with a moderately long and curved stem at its base. Spermathecal gland originating from a distinctly sclerotised ringed plate (Figure 17). Tignum much longer than abdomen. Tignum 8.8 mm for an adult with a 5.3 mm long abdomen in ventral view. Diagnosis Glenea pulchella differs from G. vellayaniensis sp. nov. by colour and haired maculae in the following body regions: (1) scape and antennomere II dark brown to black (vs scape and antennomere II reddish brown in G. vellayaniensis sp. nov.); (2) sublateral macula on pronotum made up of yellow hairs with straight inner margin (vs sublateral macula on pronotum made of yellow hairs intermixed with creamy white hairs with proximally concave inner margin in G. vellayaniensis sp. nov.); (3) basal elytral yellow-haired maculae semicircular (vs basal elytral yellow-haired maculae bean-shaped in G. vellayaniensis sp. nov.); (4) middle elytral yellow-haired maculae oval, without small spots posteriorly (vs median maculae on elytra transversely oval with small spots posteriorly in G. vellayaniensis sp. nov.); (5) elytral apex not covered by yellow hairs, but last maculae located before apex (vs elytral apex covered with yellow haired maculae in G. vellayaniensis sp. nov.). Distribution Malaysia, Singapore. Remarks Pascoe (1866: 260) wrote ‘I have altered the specific name pulchella, it having been previously used by Hope’. And Pascoe gave the species the new name ‘ Glenea vesta ’. Pascoe (1867: 370) wrote ‘ Glenea pulchella Hope, sec. J. Thomson, Ess. & c., p. 58’ from Sarawak. We checked page 58 of Thomson (1857) and found nothing related to ‘ Glenea pulchella Hope’; then we checked page 58 of Thomson (1860), and there it was written ‘ Glenea pulchella, Hope Syn.: G. conspuncta, Melly’. However, ‘Hope’s species was not described before 1860’ (Aurivillius 1926: 111). ‘ Glenea pulchella Hope’ described by Pascoe (1867) was renamed Glenea pascoei Aurivillius, 1923, while ‘ Glenea pulchella Hope’ described by Thomson (1860) from Sylhet was renamed Glenea pulchra Aurivillius, 1926. Glenea pulchella Pascoe, 1858 is the earliest name, and therefore the new name ‘ Glenea vesta ’ is not required. Breuning (1956a) treated G. vestalis Heller, 1934 as a morph and described several morphs (infrasubspecific). However, his ‘morphs’ are good species. Mukhopadhyay and Biswas (2000) reported the distribution range of G. pulchella as India: Meghalaya, Bangladesh, Burma; while Mitra et al. (2016) mentioned India: Karnataka, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal. These distribution records are not reliable, based on neither specimens nor trustable identifications. The first author inquired for supportive material from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Kolkata; however, there are no specimens of G . pulchella in the collection. The known localities of this species are, to our knowledge, limited to Malaysia and Singapore., Published as part of Hiremath, Sangamesh R. & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2021, Description of two new species of Glenea Newman, 1842 from southern India and reinstatement of Glenea vestalis Heller, 1934 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini), pp. 205-245 in Journal of Natural History 55 (3 - 4) on pages 217-221, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2021.1900442, http://zenodo.org/record/5473739, {"references":["Pascoe FP. 1858. XVII. On new genera and species of Longicorn Coleoptera. Part III. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond. (2) 4 (6 - 7): 236 - 266.","Pascoe FP. 1866. Catalogue of Longicorn Coleoptera, collected in the Island of Penang by James Lamb, Esq. (Part I.). Proc Zool Soc Lond. 1866: 222 - 267.","Aurivillius C. 1926. Revision of the Philippine species of the Glenini (Coleoptera, Longicornia). Philipp J Sci. D 30: 89 - 115.","Breuning S. 1956 a. Revision der Gattung Glenea Newman. Entomol Arb Mus G Frey. 7 (1): 1 - 199.","Pascoe FP. 1867. Longicornia Malayana; or, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of the three Longicorn Families Lamiidae, Cerambycidae and Prionidae collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace in the Malay Archipelago. (Part IV). Trans R Entomol Soc Lond. 3 (3, 4): 337 - 464.","Thomson J. 1857. Essai monographique sur le groupe des Tetraophthalmites, de la famille des cerambycides (longicornes). In: Thomson J, editor. Archives Entomologiques ou recueil contenant des illustrations d'Insectes nouveaux ou rares. Tome premier. Paris: Bureau du Tresorier de la Societe Entomologique de France; p. 45 - 67, 514 + [1].","Thomson J. 1860. Essai d'une classification de la famille des cerambycides et materiaux pour servir a une monographie de cette famille. Paris: chez l'auteur [James Thomson] et au bureau du tresorier de la Societe entomologique de France; p. xvi + 1 - 128.","Aurivillius C. 1923. Cerambycidae: Lamiinae II. Pars 74. In: Schenkling S, editor. Coleopterorum catalogus. Volumen XXIII. Cerambycidae II. Berlin: W. Junk; p. 323 - 704.","Heller KM. 1934. New and Little-Known Philippine Coleoptera. Philipp J Sci. 54 (2): 279 - 307.","Mukhopadhyay P, Biswas S. 2000. Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae. Fauna Meghalaya State Fauna Ser Zool Surv India Kolkata. 4 (5): 41 - 67.","Mitra B, Das P, Mallick K, Chakraborti U, Majumder A. 2016. New records of longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae: Coleoptera) from Manipur State India with Checklist. J Zool St. 3 (1): 19 - 26."]}

Glenea signaticollis Gahan, 1889 (Figures 39–42, 45) Glenea signaticollis Gahan, 1889: 219. TL: India, Bombay. TD: BMNH. Type specimen examined India (Bombay) (BMNH). Examined based on an image. Other specimens examined 1 ♀, Madura, Coll. Dr. Itzinger (NHMB, ex FREY); 1 ♀, Nilgiri Hills, S. India (G.V. Campbell). 1 ♀, Nilgiri Hills, Coll. A.K. Weld Downing (Travancore Insect Collection, KAU). Description Body reddish brown; antenna reddish brown; head and pronotum reddish brown or black; legs yellowish brown; ventral body black, except for sternite VII reddish brown. Head with frons, genae and scutellum pale yellow in holotype (it is probably a male specimen), while often black in females; anteclypeus, labial and maxillary palpi yellowish brown; postclypeus black, apical margin thickly adpressed with creamy white hairs interspersed with four pairs of suberect, elongate, reddish brown setae; labrum reddish brown, medially interspersed with two suberect, elongate, yellowish brown setae arising from respective punctures, apical margin indisticntly emarginated; frons with two longitudinal, pale yellow-haired bands at sides, extending backwards and traversing vertex; frontal disc, between lateral bands, moderately covered with sparse pale yellow hairs; genae densely covered with pale yellow hairs; lower eye lobes 3 times as long as genae in males, 0.5 times as long as genae in females; frons as wide as one lower eye lobe in males and three-fourths wider than one lower eye lobe in females; head coarsely and densely punctured. Antenna One-quarter longer than body in male, slightly longer than body in female; scape short and thin. Ratio of lengths of antennomeres in female: 1.00: 0.13: 1.40: 1.13: 1.00: 0.93: 0.93: 0.87: 0.80: 0.73: 0.87. Pronotum as long as broad in males, slightly transverse in females, coarsely and densely punctured; prothorax with five longitudinal, pale yellow-haired bands: one located in middle of pronotum, narrow, often rubbed at middle in preserved specimens; two located at lateral sides of prothorax, each distinctly broad, indented or straight at middle of inner margins, while outer margins irregularly sinuated, top three bands narrowly united ante-basally in females, while broadly united in holotype; other two located at ventro-lateral sides of prothorax, each broad, connecting with outer margins of procoxae. Scutellum semi-circular, densely covered with white hairs. Elytra subparallel, apex distinctly truncated, sutural margin pointed apically, marginal angle stretched into elongate spine (Figures 39 (a) and 45(a)); proximal three-fourths of elytral disc coarsely and densely punctured; sublateral margin impressed with two longitudinal carinae: one begins at base of humeral prominence, terminates well before elytral apex, the other begins just below humeral prominence, terminating along apical spine of marginal angle; humeral prominence angularly projected (Figure 45 (b)); elytral disc densely covered with minute yellowish brown hairs, each elytron with seven pale yellowhaired spots: one oval haired spot at base of elytral epipleura; three situated at premedian and disposed broadly in obliquely triangular fashion: first one situated at basal third, in middle of disc between sutural and sublateral margin, second one situated obliquely to first, just behind basal third, along inner side of sublateral carina, third one larger than the first two spots and situated just before middle, situated obliquely to second one at middle of disc between sutural and sublateral margins; remainder of three situated behind middle: first one largest, oval, slightly situated behind middle, close to sutural margin and situated away from sublateral margin; second one circular, situated at apical fourth, situated along inner side of sublateral carina; third one situated apically and transverse. Legs with tarsal claws divaricate. Sternites densely covered with short, fine, grey-white hairs; mesepisternum ornamented on each side with a transverse creamy white, thickly haired spot; metasternum ornamented on each side with a broad, oblique, creamy white, thickly haired spot; metepisternum on each side ornamented postmedially with an oval, creamy white thickly haired spot, much smaller than haired spot on metasternum. Ventrite densely covered with short fine, grey-white hairs; each side of ventrite I–IV covered with two short longitudinal white-haired spots posteriorly, spots often connected to each other by a narrow white haired band; sternite VII, on each side, covered with a short longitudinal white-haired spot postemedially. In female, sternite VII convex, about 0.32 times as long as total abdominal length, about 3.00 times as long as ventrite IV; disc of sternite VII medially impressed with a fine, dark brown longitudinal sulcus, with a short, medial ridge pre-apically; apical margin broadly concave. Female genitalia (Figure 42 (a–b)) with ovipositor about 1.35 mm long, in dorsal view, up to base of coxite lobe, randomly and sparsely distributed with circular punctures, apical third densely covered with short, spiculate grey setae. Coxite lobe (Figure 42 (b)) yellowish brown, randomly and remotely distributed with a few circular punctures; apical margin adorned with about five small setae, flanked on either side with an elongate seta. Stylus (Figure 42 (b)) distinct, dome-shaped; integument yellowish brown; in dorsal view, provided with two circular punctures near base; apex of stylus bears three distinctly elongate setae arising from associated punctures. Vaginal plates sub-rectangular, weakly sclerotised, separated from one another; integument mostly translucent with faint, yellowish brown tinge; basal half linearly reddish brown on lateral sides. Bursa copulatrix elongate, bisinuate with distinct curvature at apical third; proximally narrow tube, gradually widening towards distal end; integument strongly adorned with transverse plications except basal third. Spermathecal duct slightly longer than bursa copulatrix and distinctly longer than spermatheca, enters bursa copulatrix at apical third, basally translucent tubule, followed by thick, yellowish brown, sickle-shaped tube up to middle; immediately behind middle, slightly curved and continued as a slender tube towards apex. Spermatheca and spermathecal gland opens separately on spermathecal duct. Spermatheca yellowish brown, opens on lateral side of apex of spermathecal duct, and connected to it via a distinctly slender tubule; stalk thick, elongate tubule, narrowed basally and curved towards apex; capsule distinctly capitate. Spermathecal gland strongly wrinkled tubular sac, basally without sclerotised ringed plate. In the specimen examined, tignum measured about 5.95 mm in length while abdomen measured about 5.08 mm. Distribution India (Tamil Nadu: Madurai, Nilgiri Hills; either Maharashtra or Karnataka). Remarks The description comes from Gahan (1889) and Breuning (1956b) and from studying a single female specimen along with the images of the holotype and other identified materials of G. signaticollis. The female genitalia is described and illustrated based on a single female specimen held at the Travancore Insect Collection, KAU, India. Gahan (1889) doubtfully indicated Bombay as the type locality; however, ‘Bombay’ usually referred to the erstwhile Bombay presidency in British India and not particularly to a city. Since other materials studied in the present research originate from Western Ghats, it is safe to assume that the holotype might have been collected from the presentday Western Ghats region of either Maharashtra or Karnataka, parts of which were under erstwhile Bombay presidency., Published as part of Hiremath, Sangamesh R. & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2021, Description of two new species of Glenea Newman, 1842 from southern India and reinstatement of Glenea vestalis Heller, 1934 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini), pp. 205-245 in Journal of Natural History 55 (3 - 4) on pages 238-243, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2021.1900442, http://zenodo.org/record/5473739, {"references":["Gahan CJ. 1889. Descriptions of new or little-known species of Glenea in the collection of the British Museum. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond. 1889 (2): 213 - 225.","Breuning S. 1950. Descriptions de nouveaux Lamiaires de l'Inde (Coleopteres). Indian For Rec (New Ser) Entomol. 7 (8 [1949]): 255 - 265.","Breuning S. 1956 b. Revision der Gattung Glenea Newm. (1. Fortsetzung). Entomol Arb Mus G Frey. 7: 671 - 893."]}

Ithocritus similis Bi & Lin, sp. nov. (Figs. 4, 5, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 20) Type material. Holotype: male, ��� CHINA. Yunnan, Gongshan / Dulongjiang, Maku / 1500m, 2015.VIII.7 / leg. Xiao-Dong Yang ��� (SNUC). Paratypes: 1 female, same locality as holotype ��� 2015.VII.21 / leg. Chao Wu ��� (CCCC); 1 female, ditto ��� 2015.VIII.9 / leg. Wen-Xuan Bi ��� (CBWX); 1 male, ��� CHINA. Yunnan, Gongshan / Dulongjiangxiang / 1480m, 2017.VII.30 / local collector��� (CCCC). Description. Male (Fig. 4). Body length 30.0��� 32.5 mm, humeral width 10.0��� 10.1 mm. Integument of body, antennae and legs blackish; elytra dark-brown. Head except for anterior margin of frons, genae and antennal insertions, pronotum except for sides and posterolateral margins, scutellum and most of elytra densely covered with yellowish-white pubescence. Elytron with blackish pubescent macula involving humerus, blackish pubescent macula near scutellum, and a few small irregular blackish spots near basal and apical third. Ventral sur f ace predominantly covered with fine blackish pubescence, except for anteromedian area of prosternum, most of mesanepisternum, posterior angle of metasternum, postmedian area of metanepisternum, sides of abdominal ventrite I to V, and anterolateral area of metacoxae covered with yellowish-white pubescence forming bright maculae. Body elongate, subcylindrical, feebly narrowed posteriorly. Head slightly wider than pronotal base, occiput with several umbilicate punctures anteriorly; eyes emarginate, coarsely faceted; lower eye lobe 1.5 times as long as width, 2.2 times as long as gena. Antenna long and slender, about 2.7 times body length, finely punctate, basal 3 antennomeres sparsely fringed beneath with short setae; scape gradually thickened apically, with numerous granules near outer edge (Fig. 11); 3rd antennomere 2.8 times as long as scape, 1.2 times as long as 4th, 1.5 times as long as 5th; relative length of antennomeres as follows: 3.5: 0.7: 10: 8.5: 6.9: 6.5: 6.0: 5.9: 6.7: 6.7: 11.6. Pronotum broader than long, 0.7 times as long as basal width, width across lateral spines about 1.5 times of basal width; lateral spine stout, strongly thickened at base with acute apex; disk weakly convex, provided with several setigerous granules at sides after middle. Scutellum broadly rounded posteriorly. Prosternal process widened apically; procoxal cavities widely open posteriorly. Mesosternal process without tubercle and obliquely sloped in lateral view. Elytra elongate, ca. 2.1 times as long as humeral width, slightly convergent toward conjointly rounded apices with short sutural teeth; sparsely provided with a few small granules near humeri; disk smooth, impunctate. Legs moderately long, stout; fore femora with coarse wrinkling sculpturing on both sides; metafemora reaching apical fourth of elytra; tarsus five segmented, tarsal claws divaricate. Male genitalia. Tergite VIII, tegmen and median lobe as in Fig. 17. Endophallus in everted condition (Fig. 20) robust, about 2.3 times as long as median lobe, curved near apical third dorsally; APH defined, limit between BPH and MPH indicated by basal-lateral tubercle (blt); crescent-shaped sclerite absent; MPH subdivided into MT+CT and PB by constrictions, MT slightly longer than CT or PB; CT with lateral tubercles (ltc, Fig. 20d) developed, elongate, directed forward, PB strongly swollen laterally near base, thence, in ventral view, gradually narrowed (Fig. 20d) or expanded in lateral view (Fig. 20) toward apex; APH not subdivided, moderately swollen, weakly sclerotized dorsally from base to gonopore; apical furrow (af) with internal membrane (im) incomplete, represented by short dorsal appendix; spicules mainly distributed on ventral apical surface of MT and apical half of PB; ejaculatory ducts (ej) paired, gonopore (gn) situated near apex of dorsal side of APH. Female (Fig. 5). Body length 35.0��� 35.5 mm, humeral width 11.1���11.4 mm. Almost identical to male in general appearance. Antenna about 2.0 times body. Head relatively larger, about 1.2 times wider than pronotal base. Abdo- men with ventrite V (Fig. 16) widely protruded, apex 0.24 times basal width. Legs relatively slenderer and shorter, fore femora without wrinkling sculpturing. Etymology. From the Latin, meaning similar or resembling, referring to the similarities between the new species and Ithocritus ruber. Distribution. China: Yunnan (Gongshan County). Remarks. Ithocritus ruber also occurs in the type locality of the new species. Both species share highly morphological similarities, especially regarding the yellowish-white colored individuals (Figs. 3���5), but the new species can be distinguished by the metanepisternum and metacoxae provided with bright colored maculae (instead of absent); scutellum densely pubescent, obscuring integument (instead of with pubescence relatively sparser, not obscuring integument); elytra dark-brown (instead of reddish ochraceous); female with abdominal ventrite V widely protruded, apex 0.24 times as basal width (instead of 0.13 times); male with endophallus relatively more robust, CT with lateral tubercles developed, elongate, directed forward (instead of weakly developed), PB strongly swollen laterally near base, thence, in ventral view, gradually narrowed toward apex (instead of weakly swollen laterally and ventrally near base, thence strongly constricted toward subparallel-sided apex)., Published as part of Bi, Wen-Xuan, Chen, Chang-Chin & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2020, Notes on the tribe Petrognathini Blanchard, 1845 from China, with description of a new species from Yunnan (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), pp. 453-460 in Zootaxa 4732 (3) on pages 455-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3667282, {"references":["Hope, F. W. (1839) Descriptions of some new insects collected in Assam, by William Griffith, Esq., assistant surgeon in the Madras Medical Service. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, 1, 42 - 44.","Breuning, S. (1956) Revision des \" Petrognathini \". Longicornia, III, 349 - 392."]}

Genus Ithocritus Lacordaire, 1872 Ithocritus Lacordaire, 1872: 448. Type species: Monochamus ruber Hope, 1839, by original designation. Ithocritus; Gemminger, 1873: 3059; Aurivillius, 1922: 206; Breuning, 1956: 354; L��bl & Smetana, 2010: 291; Lin & Jiroux, 2011: 108; Ohbayashi & Lin, 2012: 237; Lin & Yang, 2019: 340. Remarks. Including the types species, two of the three known species of the genus have been investigated in this study. Both species with granules near outer edge of scape (Fig. 11), which is inconsistent with the tribal definition proposed by Breuning (1956) and Ohbayashi & Lin (2012). Male genitalia of the two studied species has the endophallus lacking the crescent-shaped sclerites (cs), which accordant with the structure observed in Petrognatha Leach, 1819 (type genus of the tribe), Ioesse Thomson, 1864, and Pseudapriona Breuning, 1936. The consistency of this character among these studied genera superficially stabilized their tribal treatment. However, the absence of such crescent-shaped sclerites in the male endophallus have been reported in several taxa from different tribes of subfamily Lamiinae, e.g. some species of Phytoeciini (as ���basal-lateral-ventral sclerites���, Kasatkin 2006), Mimocagosima Breuning, 1968 and Thermistis Pascoe, 1867 of Saperdini (as ���basal armature��� ��� Lin, Li & Yang 2008; Lin et al. 2012), Acanista Pascoe, 1864 of Acanthocinini, Pentacosmia Newman, 1842 and Probatodes Thomson, 1864 of Rhodopinini (both genera currently in Desmiphorini), Rosenbergia Ritsema, 1881 of Batocerini (as ���crescent-shaped sclerites���, Ślipiński & Escalona 2013), and have also been observed in Pseudomeges Breuning, 1943 and Myagrus Pascoe, 1878 of Lamiini (both genera currently in Monochamini) (Bi, unpublished). The species of Apriona Chevrolat, 1852 and Batocera Dejean, 1835 (Batocerini) from China lack the crescent-shaped sclerites, while Batocera spp. from Australia were reported by Ślipiński & Escalona (2013) having ���large crescent-shaped sclerites���, and the species of Microcriodes Breuning, 1943, also Batocerini, have such sclerites. These variations undoubtedly indicate a more complicated situation, making questionable the tribal position of Ithocritus., Published as part of Bi, Wen-Xuan, Chen, Chang-Chin & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2020, Notes on the tribe Petrognathini Blanchard, 1845 from China, with description of a new species from Yunnan (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), pp. 453-460 in Zootaxa 4732 (3) on page 454, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3667282, {"references":["Lacordaire, J. T. (1872) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Genera des Coleopteres ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Famille LXVIII. Longicornes. (suite). Sous-famille III. LAMIIDES. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 9 (2), 411 - 930.","Hope, F. W. (1839) Descriptions of some new insects collected in Assam, by William Griffith, Esq., assistant surgeon in the Madras Medical Service. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, 1, 42 - 44.","Gemminger, M. (1873) Cerambycidae (Lamiini). In: Gemminger, M. & von Harold, E. (Eds.), Catalogus Coleopterorum hucusque descriptorum synonymicus et systematicus. Tom X. Cerambycidae (Lamiini), Bruchidae. E. H. Gummi, Monachii, pp. 2989 - 3216.","Aurivillius, C. (1922) Cerambycidae: Lamiinae I. Pars 73. In: Schenkling, S. (Ed.), Coleopterorum Catalogus. Vol. XXIII. Cerambycidae II. W. Junk, Berlin, 322 pp.","Breuning, S. (1956) Revision des \" Petrognathini \". Longicornia, III, 349 - 392.","Lobl, I. & Smetana, A. (2010) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 924 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004260917 _ 004","Lin, M. - Y. & Jiroux, E. (2011) Notes on the genera Pseudapriona Breuning, 1936, Ithocritus Lacordaire, 1872 and Ioesse Thomson, 1864, of the tribe Petrognathini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Les Cahiers Magellanes, New Series, 5, 104 - 114, 33 figs.","Ohbayashi, N. & Lin, M. - Y. (2012) A Review of the Asian Genera of the Petrognathini, with Description of a New Species and Proposal of a New Synonym (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 18 (2), 235 - 251.","Lin, M. - Y. & Yang, X. - K. (2019) Catalogue of Chinese Coleoptera Volume IX. Chrysomeloidea: Vesperidae, Disteniidae, Cerambycidae. Science Press, Beijing. 575 pp.","Kasatkin, D. G. (2006) The internal sac of aedeagus of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae): morphology, nomenclature of structures, taxonomic significance. Caucasian Entomological Bulletin, 2 (1), 83 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.23885 / 1814 - 3326 - 2006 - 2 - 1 - 83 - 104","Lin, M. - Y., Li, W. - Z. & Yang, X. - K. (2008) Taxonomic review of three saperdine genera, Mandibularia Pic, Mimocagosima Breuning and Parastenostola Breuning (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini). Zootaxa, 1773 (1), 1 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1773.1.1","Lin, M. - Y., Chou, W. - I., Kurihara, T. & Yang, X. - K. (2012) Revision of the genus Thermistis Pascoe 1867, with descriptions of three new species (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, New Series, 48 (1 - 2), 29 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2012.10697749","Slipinski, S. A. & Escalona, H. E. (2013) Australian Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Introduction and Subfamily Lamiinae. Vol. 1. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, xviii + 484 pp., 221 figs. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9781486300044"]}

Falsimalmus niger Breuning, 1956 (Figs. 6, 7, 18, 21) Falsimalmus niger Breuning, 1956: 359, fig. 3. Falsimalmus niger; Rondon & Breuning, 1970: 486; Ohbayashi & Lin, 2012: 250, figs. 26-29; Lin & Yang, 2014: 312. Material examined. 1 male, China, Yunnan, Yingjiang, Nabang, 473m, 2016.V.30, leg. Xiao-Dong Yang (CCCC). Complementary description. Male (Figs. 6, 7). Body length 24.0 mm, humeral width 8.2 mm. Male genitalia. Tergite VIII, tegmen and median lobe as in Fig. 18. Endophallus in everted condition (Fig. 21) moderately long and slender, about 2.7 times as long as median lobe, curved dorsally near middle; BPH, MPH and APH well-defined; crescent-shaped sclerites (cs) present; MPH subdivided into MT, CT and PB by constrictions; MT slightly shorter than CT and PB combined; MT normally cylindrical, CT swollen near base and apex respectively, PB with anterior bulb generally rudimentary; APH strongly constricted, elongate, broader near base, with apical bulb (ab) 3.8 times longer than apical bubble (bb) (Fig. 21e); apical furrow (af) with internal membrane (im) developed, elongate and sclerotized; spicules distributed on basal half of CT, apical half of PB and with distinctly larger spicules on apical bulb of APH throughout; ejaculatory ducts paired, gonopore (gn) situated at apex of APH. Distribution. China (new country record): Yunnan (Yingjiang County); Laos (Vientiane); Myanmar (Dawns, Tenasserim); Thailand (Chiang Mai)., Published as part of Bi, Wen-Xuan, Chen, Chang-Chin & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2020, Notes on the tribe Petrognathini Blanchard, 1845 from China, with description of a new species from Yunnan (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), pp. 453-460 in Zootaxa 4732 (3) on page 459, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3667282, {"references":["Breuning, S. (1956) Revision des \" Petrognathini \". Longicornia, III, 349 - 392.","Rondon, J. A. & Breuning, S. (1970) Lamiines du Laos. Pacific Insects Monograph, 24, 315 - 571.","Ohbayashi, N. & Lin, M. - Y. (2012) A Review of the Asian Genera of the Petrognathini, with Description of a New Species and Proposal of a New Synonym (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 18 (2), 235 - 251.","Lin, M. - Y. & Yang, X. - K. (2014) One new record species, Ithocritus ruber (Hope, 1839) from China (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Petrognathini). Zoological Systematics, 39 (2), 309 - 312. https: // doi. org / 10.11865 / zs 20140214"]}

Ithocritus ruber (Hope, 1839) (Figs. 1���3, 8, 9, 12, 13, 15, 19) Monochamus ruber Hope, 1839: 43; Hope, 1840: 441, pl. 30, fig. 5. Ithocritus ruber: Lacordaire, 1872: 448; Gemminger, 1873: 3059; Aurivillius, 1922: 206; Breuning, 1956: 354, fig. 1; Mukhopadhyay & Biswas, 2000: 59; L��bl & Smetana, 2010: 291; Lin & Jiroux, 2011: 108, figs. 13-18; Ohbayashi & Lin, 2012: 238, figs. 1-5; Lin & Yang, 2014: 309, figs. 1-11; Mitra et al., 2016: 44; 2017: 86; Lin & Yang, 2019: 340. Type material examined. Syntypes of Monochamus ruber, 2 males, India, Assam, leg. William Griffith (in OUMNH). Examined by photographs taken by James Hogan. Other materials examined. China (Yunnan): 1 male, 1 female, Yunnan, Longchuan, Husa Xiang, 24.358315��N, 97.834079��E, alt. 1353m, 2013.VIII.10, leg. Zhi-Shun Song, Qiang-Feng Zheng (IZCAS); 1 male, Yunnan, Gongshan, Maku, 1200m, 2015.VI.26, leg. Xiao-Dong Yang (CCCC); 1 male, ditto except 1500m, 2015.VIII.7 (CCCC); 1 male, ditto except 1250m, 2015.VI.27, leg. Wen-Xuan Bi (CBWX); 1 female, ditto except 1500m, 2015.VII.18 (CBWX); 1 male, ditto except 1250m, 2015.VII.20 (CBWX); 1 male, ditto except 2015.VII.2 (CBWX); 1 female, ditto except 1500m, 2015.VIII.9 (CBWX); 1 female, ditto except 1500m, 2015.VII.21, leg. Chao Wu (CBWX). China (Xizang): 2 males, 1 female, Xizang, Motuo, Baricun, 1850m, 2014.VII.26, leg. Wen-Xuan Bi (CBWX); 1 male, ditto except 2014.VII.29 (CBWX); 1 female, Xizang, Linzhi City, M��dog County, Dexingxiang, Yarang power station, 29.27022��N, 95.248532��E, alt. 706m, 2019.VIII.1, leg. Hao-Dong Yin (IZCAS). Complementary description to Breuning (1956) and Lin & Jiroux (2011). Integument of body, antennae and legs blackish; elytra reddish ochraceous. Head, pronotum, elytra predominantly covered with bright pubescence which is individually variable from brick-red to pale orange or yellowish white (Figs. 1���3). Ventral surface predominantly covered with fine blackish pubescence, except for anteromedian of prosternum, most of mesanepisternum, posterior angle of metasternum and lateral sides of abdominal ventrite I to V covered with same variably colored pubescence as in dorsal surface. Scutellum moderately pubescent, not obscuring integument, giving it darkened appearance (Figs. 8, 9). Male genitalia with endophallus, in everted condition (Fig. 19), about 2.3 times as long as median lobe, curved near apical fourth dorsally; APH defined, BPH and MPH roughly defined by basal-lateral tubercle (blt); crescent-shaped sclerite absent; MPH subdivided into MT+CT and PB by constrictions, MT ca. 1.5 times longer than CT or PB; MT with ventral swelling (vs) generally rudimentary; CT with lateral tubercles (ltc, Fig. 19d) weakly developed; PB weakly swollen laterally and ventrally near base, thence, in ventral view, strongly constricted toward subparallel-sided apex (Fig. 19d); APH not subdivided, in lateral view, moderately swollen, slightly protruding ventrally; apical furrow (af) with internal membrane (im) incomplete, represented by short dorsal appendix; spicules mainly distributed on ventral apical surface of MT and apical half of PB; ejaculatory ducts (ej) paired, gonopore (gn) situated near apex of dorsal side of APH. Female with ventrite V (Fig. 15) narrowly protruded, apex 0.13 times basal width. Distribution. China: Yunnan, Xizang (new province record); India: Assam (Mukhopadhyay & Halder 2003), Meghalaya, Sikkim and West Bengal; Bangladesh (Silhet = Sylhet); Myanmar (Kachin, Mandaley), Nepal., Published as part of Bi, Wen-Xuan, Chen, Chang-Chin & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2020, Notes on the tribe Petrognathini Blanchard, 1845 from China, with description of a new species from Yunnan (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), pp. 453-460 in Zootaxa 4732 (3) on pages 454-455, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3667282, {"references":["Hope, F. W. (1839) Descriptions of some new insects collected in Assam, by William Griffith, Esq., assistant surgeon in the Madras Medical Service. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, 1, 42 - 44.","Hope, F. W. (1840) Descriptions of some new insects, collected in Assam by William Griffith, Esq., assistant-surgeon in the Madras Medical Service, and attached to the late scientific mission to Assam. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 18, 435 - 447, pls. 30 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1838. tb 00192. x","Lacordaire, J. T. (1872) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Genera des Coleopteres ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Famille LXVIII. Longicornes. (suite). Sous-famille III. LAMIIDES. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 9 (2), 411 - 930.","Gemminger, M. (1873) Cerambycidae (Lamiini). In: Gemminger, M. & von Harold, E. (Eds.), Catalogus Coleopterorum hucusque descriptorum synonymicus et systematicus. Tom X. Cerambycidae (Lamiini), Bruchidae. E. H. Gummi, Monachii, pp. 2989 - 3216.","Aurivillius, C. (1922) Cerambycidae: Lamiinae I. Pars 73. In: Schenkling, S. (Ed.), Coleopterorum Catalogus. Vol. XXIII. Cerambycidae II. W. Junk, Berlin, 322 pp.","Breuning, S. (1956) Revision des \" Petrognathini \". Longicornia, III, 349 - 392.","Mukhopadhyay, P. & Biswas, S. (2000) Coleoptera: Cerambycidae. Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 4. Fauna of Meghalaya, 5, 41 - 67.","Lobl, I. & Smetana, A. (2010) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 6. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 924 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004260917 _ 004","Lin, M. - Y. & Jiroux, E. (2011) Notes on the genera Pseudapriona Breuning, 1936, Ithocritus Lacordaire, 1872 and Ioesse Thomson, 1864, of the tribe Petrognathini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Les Cahiers Magellanes, New Series, 5, 104 - 114, 33 figs.","Ohbayashi, N. & Lin, M. - Y. (2012) A Review of the Asian Genera of the Petrognathini, with Description of a New Species and Proposal of a New Synonym (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 18 (2), 235 - 251.","Lin, M. - Y. & Yang, X. - K. (2014) One new record species, Ithocritus ruber (Hope, 1839) from China (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Petrognathini). Zoological Systematics, 39 (2), 309 - 312. https: // doi. org / 10.11865 / zs 20140214","Mitra, B., Das, P., Chakraborti, U., Mallick, K. & Majumder, A. (2016) Longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae: Coleoptera) of Meghalaya with eight new records. The Journal of Zoology Studies, 3 (4), 39 - 47.","Mitra, B., Chakraborti, U., Mallick, K., Bhaumik, S. & Das, P. (2017) An updated list of cerambycid beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of Assam, India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 117 (1), 78 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 117 / i 1 / 2017 / 117286","Lin, M. - Y. & Yang, X. - K. (2019) Catalogue of Chinese Coleoptera Volume IX. Chrysomeloidea: Vesperidae, Disteniidae, Cerambycidae. Science Press, Beijing. 575 pp."]}

Genus Falsimalmus Breuning, 1956 (Figs. 6, 7, 18, 21) Falsimalmus Breuning, 1956: 358. Type species: Falsimalmus niger Breuning, 1956, by original designation. Falsimalmus; Rondon & Breuning, 1970: 486; Ohbayashi & Lin, 2012: 249. Remarks. This genus consists of a single species and has been placed in the Petrognathini since Breuning (1956) described it. Ohbayashi & Lin (2012) mentioned that the ���head with frons is not fully vertical, but more or less inclined anteriad.��� According to our observation, the head of this genus is normally vertical (Fig. 7). In addition, the endophallic structure of the only species of this genus has been investigated for the first time and described herein. As shown in the following section, the endophallus of this genus has normally developed crescent-shaped sclerites (absent in Petrognatha gigas (Fabricius, 1793) and Ithocritus spp.); a developed, complete, elongate and sclerotized internal membrane (im) of apical furrow (incomplete and represented by a short dorsal appendix in Ithocritus spp.); a strongly constricted and elongate APH, which is associated with larger spicules (APH swollen and lacking spicules in Ithocritus spp.). These features are obviously different from the other members of this tribe studied by the first author, but partially (especially the constricted and spiculate APH with reduced apical bubble and the developed internal membrane of apical furrow) resemble some Lamiini genera, e.g. Echinovelleda Breuning, 1936 (Bi 2018: figs. 25, 26), indicating an uncertain tribal position of this genus, which is consistent with the suggestion presented by Ohbayashi & Lin (2012). A further examination based on molecular methods may confirm its systematic position., Published as part of Bi, Wen-Xuan, Chen, Chang-Chin & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2020, Notes on the tribe Petrognathini Blanchard, 1845 from China, with description of a new species from Yunnan (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), pp. 453-460 in Zootaxa 4732 (3) on pages 457-459, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3667282, {"references":["Breuning, S. (1956) Revision des \" Petrognathini \". Longicornia, III, 349 - 392.","Rondon, J. A. & Breuning, S. (1970) Lamiines du Laos. Pacific Insects Monograph, 24, 315 - 571.","Ohbayashi, N. & Lin, M. - Y. (2012) A Review of the Asian Genera of the Petrognathini, with Description of a New Species and Proposal of a New Synonym (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 18 (2), 235 - 251.","Hope, F. W. (1839) Descriptions of some new insects collected in Assam, by William Griffith, Esq., assistant surgeon in the Madras Medical Service. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, 1, 42 - 44.","Bi, W. - X. (2018) Studies on the Flightless Lamiinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from China: II. Echinovelleda Breuning, 1936, Paroriaethus Breuning, 1936 and Lonyarbon gen. nov. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 24 (2), 267 - 276."]}

Tribe Petrognathini Blanchard, 1845 Diagnosis (modified from Ohbayashi & Lin 2012). Antennal scape without cicatrix or granules at apex; mandible neither elongate nor longitudinally grooved; eyes emarginate; pronotum provided with lateral spines; mesocoxal cavity open to epimeron; metepisternum not distinctly widened; legs stout; mesotibiae with an external sinus; tarsal claws simple and divaricate., Published as part of Bi, Wen-Xuan, Chen, Chang-Chin & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2020, Notes on the tribe Petrognathini Blanchard, 1845 from China, with description of a new species from Yunnan (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), pp. 453-460 in Zootaxa 4732 (3) on page 454, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3667282, {"references":["Ohbayashi, N. & Lin, M. - Y. (2012) A Review of the Asian Genera of the Petrognathini, with Description of a New Species and Proposal of a New Synonym (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 18 (2), 235 - 251."]}

Metipocregyes affinis Breuning, 1968 (Figs 5���8, 31���32, 45���46, 61���67) Metipocregyes affinis Breuning, 1968: 7. Type locality. Phou Khao Khoay (Mt.), Vientiane Prov., Laos Type material examined. Holotype: ♀ (BPBM, Figs 45���46), ��� LAOS: / Vientiane Prov. / Phou Kou Khouei / 20.VI.1965 ���, ��� J. A. Rondon / Collection / BISHOP Mus.���, ��� Metipocregyes / affinis mihi / Breuning d��t. Typ ���, ���metipocregyes / affinis n. sp. Breun / Coll. J. A. Rondon Laos ���. Specimens examined. [Laos]: 1♀ (CJY), Ban Saleui, Xam Neua Dist., Houa Phan Prov., Alt. ca 1,000 m, 3. V, 2002, N. Ohbayashi leg.; 1♀ (CJY, Figs 7���8, 32), same locality and collector, Alt. ca 1,400 m, 5. V, 2002; 1♀ (CJY), same data; 1♂ (CTN, Figs 5���6, 31, 61���67), Phou Pan (Mt.), Houa Phan Prov., Alt. 1,500���1,800 m, 20˚11���N/104˚01���E, 5. V, 2004, T. Tsuru leg.; 1♂ (CTN), same locality, 25. V, 2004, T. CTN.; 20♀♀ (CJY), Phou Samsoum (Mt.), Xieng Khouang Prov., IV���VI, 2006, H. Wakahara coll. [Thailand]: 1♀ (CCH), Doi Pui, Chiang Mai Prov., 25. V, 1985, Native collector; 1♂ (CST), Doi Pui, Chiang Mai Prov., 18���22. V, 1987, T. Hirasawa leg.; 1♂ (FFPRI), Maetaeng, Chiang Mai Prov., 6. V, 1993. Redescription. Male (n = 10, Figs 5���6, 31): LB = 10.1���12.6 mm, WB= 3.9���4.8 mm. Body color variable from black to reddish dark brown, sparsely with long suberect black hairs on dorsal surface, beneath antennomeres, femora, and tibiae. Head, pronotum, and elytra irregularly with small spots of whitish pubescence which are variable from grayish to yellowish creamy white. Antenna with antennomeres I���V with white pubescence except for apical part of antennomeres I and III���V which are covered with black or brown pubescence; antennomeres VI���XI usually with white pubescence, but sometimes with black or brown pubescence entirely or apically. Ventral surface and legs with same whitish pubescence as dorsal ones, partly with black or brown pubescence, sparsely with white hairs. Eye subdivided into upper and lower lobes which are connected posteriorly by narrow line with or without row of ommatidia, LL/WL = 1.1���1.3, LL/LG = 1.1���1.3. Antenna 1.3���1.4 times as long as body length; relative lengths of each antennomere from I to XI as follows: 1.4���1.5: 0.2���0.3: 1.8���1.9: 1.4���1.5: 1.0���1.1: 0.8���0.9: 0.7���0.8: 0.6���0.7: 0.6: 0.5���0.6: 0.5. Pronotum LP/WP = 0.6���0.7, WP/WEH = 0.7���0.8, constricted and transversally depressed near base and apex, with pair of obtuse indistinct swellings on middle of disk. Elytra LE/LB = 0.7, LE/ WEH = 1.8���1.9, LE/LP = 3.3���4.0, almost parallel-sided in basal 3/4, arcuately narrowed and rounded apically; disk with several granules on base, irregularly with fine punctures which are rough and distinct in basal half and reduced apically. Male genitalia as in Figs 61���67. Tegmen in dorsal view widest behind middle, gently curved in lateral view; paramere in dorsal view thick, ca. 1/4 length of tegmen, gently and evenly narrowed toward rounded apex, with setae arising from apical half on latero-dorsal side and concentrated in apical area, and with short setae on base of ventral side; ringed part in dorsal view expanded laterally behind middle of tegmen, thence gently narrowed basally. Median lobe in dorsal view thick, gently curved in lateral view; apex of ventral plate roundly pointed; basal strut dehiscent near middle of median lobe. Endophallus almost 3.5 times as long as median lobe; BPH subequal to half-length of median lobe, with pair of CS; MPH with MT+CT curved near distal 1/3, with MSp and LSp; PB cylindrical in proximal 2/3, roundly swollen together with APH in distal 1/3, with SSp; APH short, with rudimentary AA on dorsal side and ED on AA; MSp minute, sparsely arranged in proximal 2/3 of MT+CT; LSp small, unidentate, evenly and densely distributed in distal 1/3 of MT+CT; SSp minute, densely covered dominant area of PB, somewhat sparser in proximal part. Female (n = 10, Figs 7���8, 32): similar to male but body thicker. LB = 12.4���16.0 mm, WB = 4.6���6.1 mm. Antenna 0.9���1.0 times as long as body length; relative lengths of each antennomere from I to XI as follows: 1.9��� 2.0: 0.3���0.4: 2.3���2.5: 1.5���1.6: 0.9���1.0: 0.6���0.7: 0.5: 0.4���0.5: 0.3���0.4: 0.3: 0.3. Diagnosis. This species is similar to M. nodieri, but distinguishable from the latter by: elytra more elongate, scattered with small spots of whitish pubescence throughout. Distribution. Laos (Vientiane, Xieng Khouang, and Houa Phan), North Thailand (Chiang Mai). Remarks. This is the first record from Thailand., Published as part of Yamasako, Junsuke & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2018, Review of the genus Metipocregyes Breuning, 1939 with two new combinations and three new species (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Mesosini), pp. 503-522 in Zootaxa 4532 (4) on pages 507-509, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4532.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2615603, {"references":["Breuning, S. (1968) Contribution a la connaissance des Lamiens du Laos (Coll. Ceramb.) 15 eme partie et fin. Bulletin de la Societe Royale des Sciences Naturelles du Laos, 16, 3 - 41, 9 figs."]}

Metipocregyes brunneatus sp. nov. (Figs 17���20, 37���38, 82���88) Type locality. Bao Loc, Lam Dong Prov., Vietnam Type series. Holotype: ♂ (EUMJ, Figs. 17���18, 37, 82���88): ���[South Vietnam] / B���o L���c / Lam Dong Prov. / 23���25. IV, 2000 / J. Yamasako coll.���. Paratypes: 1♂ 1♀ (CJY, Figs 19���20, 38), same locality and collector as the holotype, 5��� 7. V, 1999; 1♂ (CJY), same data as the holotype; 1♂ 1♀ (CST), same locality, 21���22. V, 2000, Masao Ito leg. Description. Male (n = 4, Figs 17���18, 37): LB = 13.8���15.8 mm, WB = 5.0��� 5.6 mm. Body dark brown except for antenna and legs which are reddish brown, or entirely reddish brown, with sparse black or brown hairs on dorsal surface, beneath antennomeres, and legs. Head, pronotum, elytra, and ventral surface clothed with brown pubescence, and partly spotted with white pubescence. Antenna with antennomere I partly clothed with same pubescence as head; antennomere II and each basal area of III���XI with light brown or white pubescence, and the remainders with brown pubescence. Elytra each scattered with small black spots, with markings of black pubescence arranged into transverse zigzag bands behind base and before and behind middle. Legs with each femur with brown and light brown or white pubescence; each tibia with same pubescence on base and middle; tarsomeres I���II and middle of claws with same pubescence; the remainders with brown pubescence. Eye deeply emarginate; upper and lower lobes connected posteriorly by 2���4 rows of ommatidia; lower lobe large, LL/WL = 1.1, LL/LG = 1.5���1.9. Antenna 1.2���1.3 times as long as body length; relative lengths of each antennomere from I to XI as follows: 1.6���1.7: 0.3: 2.0: 1.3���1.4: 0.9���1.0: 0.8: 0.7: 0.6���0.7: 0.6: 0.5���0.6: 0.4��� 0.5; antennomeres III slightly dilated inwardly at apex. Pronotum LP/WP = 0.7, WP/WEH = 0.7, constricted near base and transversally depressed before apex, with granules on dorsal surface and pair of obtuse swellings on middle of disk. Elytra LE/LB = 0.7, LE/WEH = 1.9���2.0, LE/LP = 3.6���4.0, almost slightly and evenly narrowed toward apical 1/5, arcuately narrowed and rounded apically; disk granulate in basal 1/5, with punctures rough and distinct in basal half but reduced apically. Male genitalia as in Figs 82���88. Tegmen in dorsal view widest near middle, gently curved in lateral view; paramere in dorsal view thick, ca. 1/4 length of tegmen, gently and evenly narrowed toward rounded apex, with setae arising from apical half on latero-dorsal side and concentrated in apical area, and with short setae on base of ventral side; ringed part in dorsal view expanded laterally near middle of tegmen, thence gently narrowed basally. Median lobe in dorsal view thick, gently curved in lateral view; apex of ventral plate roundly pointed; basal strut dehiscent from just before middle of median lobe. Endophallus almost triple length of median lobe; BPH subequal to half-length of median lobe, with pair of CS; MPH with MT+CT curved near distal 1/4, with MSp and LSp; PB cylindrical in proximal 2/3, roundly swollen together with APH in distal 1/3, with SSp; APH short, with ED proximally, without AA; MSp minute, indistinct, very sparsely arranged in proximal 2/3 of MT+CT; LSp small, unidentate, densely distributed mainly in distal 1/3 of MT+CT; SSp minute, densely covered dominant area of PB, somewhat sparser in dorsal side of proximal part. Female (n = 2, Figs 19���20, 38): very similar to male. LB = 16.5���17.7 mm, WB = 6.2���6.7 mm. Antenna 1.0��� 1.1 times as long as body length; relative lengths of each antennomere from I to XI as follows: 1.7���1.9: 0.3���0.4: 2.1���2.3: 1.6���2.0: 0.9���1.0: 0.7: 0.6: 0.4���0.5: 0.4: 0.4: 0.3���0.4. Diagnosis. This species is unique within the genus and easily distinguished from congeners by a combination of the following features: body clothed with brown pubescence; eye deeply emarginated and the lobes connected posteriorly by 2���4 rows of ommatidia; lower eye lobe large. Distribution. South Vietnam (Lam Dong). Etymology. The specific epithet is attributable to its dominant color of pubescence on the body surface., Published as part of Yamasako, Junsuke & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2018, Review of the genus Metipocregyes Breuning, 1939 with two new combinations and three new species (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Mesosini), pp. 503-522 in Zootaxa 4532 (4) on page 512, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4532.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2615603

Metipocregyes fruhstorferi (Breuning, 1959), comb. nov. (Figs 9���12, 33���34, 47���48, 68���74) Hypocacia fruhstorferi Breuning, 1959: 152. Type locality. Tam Dao, Vinh Phu Prov., Vietnam. Type material examined. Holotype: ♀ (MNHUB, Figs 47���48): ��� Tonkin / Montes Manson / April, Mai 2 - 3000��� / H. Fruhstorfer ���, ��� Hypocacia / Fruhstorferi / mihi Typ/ Breuning d��t.���, ��� Holotypus / Nr.���, ���Zool. Mus. / Berlin���. Other material examined. [Vietnam]: 1♀ (CJY), Tam Dao, Vinh Phu Prov., V. 2007, J. Yamasako coll.; 1♂ (NMNH), Tam Dao National Park, Vinh Phuc Prov., 21��28.408���N / 105��38.816���E, Alt. 955 m, VI. 2011, Long leg, OTIS Lab PIP Project, H. Nadel & S. Krishnankutty SEL 501, 2017. [Laos]: 1♂ (CCH), Phou Pan (Mt.), Ban Saleui, Houa Phan Prov., 20��12���N / 104��01���E, Alt. 1,500���1,900 m, 23. IV. ���15. V. 2008, Holzschuh leg.; 1♂ (CCH), same locality and collector, Alt. 1,300���1,900 m, 28. IV. 2010; 1♂ (CCH, Figs 9���10, 33, 68���74), same locality and collector, 1���15. V. 2010; 1♀ (CCH, Figs 11���12, 34), same locality and collector, 29. IV. 2011; 1♂ (CCH), same locality and collector, 14. V. 2011. Redescription. Male (n = 4, Figs 9���10, 33): LB = 13.0��� 14.5 mm, WB = 5.1���5.7 mm. Body variable from black to dark brown or reddish dark brown, with suberect black hairs on dorsal surface, beneath antennomeres, femora, and tibiae. Head with sparse brown, light brown, and black pubescence of which light brown ones sometimes become lighter and whitish, with pair of indistinct striae of black or dark brown pubescence on frons, which extend to occiput through vertex and widened behind upper eye lobe. Pronotum clothed with brown and light brown pubescence, irregularly scattered with small black spots on disk. Antenna with same sparse pubescence as head or pronotum on antennomere I, with white pubescence on entire part of antennomere II, each basal area of III���VI, and V���XI except for each apex, and the remainders with sparse brown or black pubescence; antennomere IV with tuft of black hairs in apical half. Elytra clothed with black pubescence, scattered with dense small spots of white pubescence throughout, with small spots of brown pubescence on base and along suture, vague markings of same pubescence transversally near middle and apex. Legs with each femur with light brown and black pubescence; each tibia with light brown pubescence on middle and black ones on base and apex; tarsomeres I���II with whitish pubescence and III with black pubescence. Ventral surface clothed with same pubescence as head or pronotum. Eye nearly subdivided or deeply emarginate; upper and lower lobes connected posteriorly by 1���3 rows of ommatidia, LL/WL = 0.9���1.2, LL/LG = 0.9���1.2. Antenna 1.0���1.2 times as long as body length; relative lengths of each antennomere from I to XI as follows: 1.8���2.0: 0.3���0.4: 1.9���2.0: 1.5���1.6: 0.9: 0.7: 0.6���0.7: 0.5���0.6: 0.5: 0.4���0.5: 0.5. Pronotum LP/WP = 0.8, WP/WEH = 0.6���0.7, with sparse fine umbilicated punctures on disk. Elytra LE/BL = 0.7, LE/WEH = 1.7, LE/LP = 3.0���3.2, evenly and slightly narrowed and rounded apically, with umbilicated punctures on base but the punctures reduced apically and almost disappeared in apical half. Male genitalia as in Figs 68���74. Tegmen in dorsal view widest before middle, gently curved in lateral view; paramere ca. 2/5 length of tegmen, thick, hardly narrowed toward rounded apex, with sparse setae mostly in apical 1/3 of latero-dorsal side, several short setae on base of ventral side. Median lobe in dorsal view thick, gently curved in lateral view; basal strut dehiscent from middle of median lobe; apex of ventral plate roundly pointed. Endophallus long, slightly shorter than quadruple length of medial lobe; BPH slightly longer than half-length of median lobe, with pair of CS; MPH with MT+CT long, curved and weakly swollen ventrally near distal 1/4; PB long, swollen together with APH in pyriform shape, with SSp; APH rudimentary, with ED on dorsal side and small AA on distal part; MSp minute, sparsely arranged in proximal 3/4 of MT+CT; LSp distributed in distal 1/4, small, unidentate, small except for dorsal area in which the spicules become large; SSp minute, densely covered dominant area of PB, somewhat sparser in proximal part. Female (n = 2, Figs 9���12, 34): very similar to male. LB = 12.0���13.0 mm, WB = 4.8���5.1 mm. Antenna 0.9���1.0 times as long as body length; relative lengths of each antennomere from I to XI as follows: 1.9���2.2: 0.3: 2.0���2.3: 1.7���1.8: 0.9���1.0: 0.6: 0.5���0.6: 0.4: 0.4: 0.4: 0.3. Diagnosis. This species is distinguishable from its congeners by: head and pronotum with brown, light brown and black pubescence; antenna with tuft of black hairs only on antennomere IV; elytra with black pubescence, scattered with dense small spots of white pubescence throughout, with small spots of brown pubescence and vague markings of same pubescence transversally near middle and apex. Distribution. North Vietnam (Vinh Phu), Northeast Laos (Houa Phan). Remarks. This species was originally described in the genus Hypocacia Breuning, 1935. However, it does not fit the definition of the genus due to its lower eye lobes being vertically long [Hypocacia: lower eye lobe transverse (Breuning 1935, 1939)]. In addition to this difference, it is also obviously different from the type species of the genus, H. biplagiata Breuning, 1935, especially in the following features: body robust, much larger; antenna relatively thick; antennomere I gently thickened apically; antennomere III slightly longer than I and IV; elytra projected anteriorly beside scutellum [H. biplagiata (Figs 49���52): body small; lower eye lobe transverse; antenna fine; antennomere I hardly thickened apically; antennomere III obviously longer than I and IV; elytra hardly projected at each base]. Our study shows it to be congeneric with the members of Metipocregyes in the external and male genital characteristics described above. Therefore, this species is transferred to Metipocregyes herein and Laos represents a new country record for the species., Published as part of Yamasako, Junsuke & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2018, Review of the genus Metipocregyes Breuning, 1939 with two new combinations and three new species (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Mesosini), pp. 503-522 in Zootaxa 4532 (4) on pages 509-511, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4532.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2615603, {"references":["Breuning, S. (1959) Neue Cerambyciden aus den Sammlungen des Zoologichen Museums der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 35, 149 - 175, 8 figs.","Breuning, S. (1935) Novae species Cerambycidarum. IV. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica, 8 (2), 251 - 276.","Breuning, S. (1939) Etudes sur les Lamiaires: Huitieme tribu: Mesosini Thomson (Col., Cerambycidae). Novitates Entomologicae, Troisieme Supplement, (47 - 66), 365 - 526. [1938 - 1940]"]}

Metipocregyes holzschuhi sp. nov. (Figs 21���24, 39���40, 89���95) Type locality. Phou Pan (Mt.), Ban Saleui, Xam Neua Dist., Houa Phan Prov., Laos. Type series. Holotype: ♂ (CCH, Figs 21���22, 39, 89���95), ���NE �� LAOS. Hua Phan prov/ Ban Saleui, Phou Pan (Mt.)/ ��� 20��12���N, 10401���E/ 21. IV. 2012, 1300���1900 m / leg. C. Holzschuh ��� [printed on white label]. Paratypes: 1♂, 1♀ (CCH), same locality and collector as the holotype, 23. IV ���15. V, 2008; 1♂ (CCH), same locality and collector, 28. IV, 2010; 1♀ (CCH), same locality and collector, 1���15. V, 2010; 1♂ (CCH), 29. IV, 2011; 1♂ (CCH), 14. V, 2011; 1♂ (CCH), same locality and collector, 15. V, 2011; 1♀ (CCH), same locality and collector, 11. IV, 2012; 1♀ (CCH), same locality and collector, 17. IV, 2012; 1♀ (CCH), same locality and collector, 24. IV, 2012; 1♂ (CTT), same locality, alt. 2,060 m, IV, 2016, ex stc.; 1♀ (CXG), same locality, IV, 2015, local collector leg. Description. Male (n = 3, Figs 21���22, 39): LB = 13.0���14.0, WB = 4.7���5.2. Body black, with suberect black and white hairs on dorsal side, beneath antennomeres, femora, and tibiae. Head mostly clothed with white pubescence, with pair of black striae on frons, which extend to occiput through vertex and widened behind upper eye lobe, and with wide black band on each side behind lower eye lobe. Antenna with white pubescence on part of antennomere I, base of II, and each basal part of III���X except for smooth and glossy area on upper surface of IV���VII (sometimes on IV���X), and the remainders with black pubescence; antennomere III with tuft of black hairs on apical part. Pronotum with same white pubescence as head except for pair of longitudinal wide black vittae on disk, which usually connect each other basally, and with black band on each lateral side. Elytra each mostly clothed with black pubescence, scattered with small spots of white pubescence irregularly concentrated on humerus, behind scutellum along suture, near middle, near apical 1/3, and near apex. Legs with white pubescence on femora and tibiae except for middle and apex of each femur, before middle and apex of each tibia, and claws. Eye deeply emarginate; upper and lower lobes connected posteriorly by 2���4 rows of ommatidia, LL/WL = 1.2���1.3, LL/LG = 1.1���1.4. Antenna about 1.3���1.4 times as long as body length; relative lengths of each antennomere from I to XI as follows: 1.6���1.7: 0.3: 1.9���2.0: 1.3���1.4: 0.9���1.0: 0.7���0.8: 0.7: 0.6���0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6; antennomeres III and VI slightly dilated inwardly at each apex. Pronotum LP/WP = 0.8, WP/WEH = 0.7, constricted and transversally depressed near base and apex; disk with pair of obtuse indistinct swellings on middle, and sparse umbilicated punctures. Elytra LE/BL = 0.7, LE/WEH = 1.9���2.0, LE/LP = 3.5���3.6, gentry narrowed toward apical 1/4, arcuately narrowed and rounded apically; disk with umbilicated punctures on basal part, which are rough and distinct in basal half but reduced apically, and almost disappeared in apical half. Male genitalia as in Figs 89���95. Tegmen in dorsal view widest near middle, gently curved in lateral view; paramere in dorsal view thick, ca. 1/5 length of tegmen, gently and arcuately narrowed toward rounded apex, with setae arising from latero-dorsal side and concentrated apically; ringed part in dorsal view gently expanded laterally near middle of tegmen, thence gently narrowed basally. Median lobe in dorsal view relatively slender, gently curved in lateral view; basal strut dehiscent from middle of median lobe; apex of ventral plate roundly pointed. Endophallus relatively short, 2.5 times as long as medial lobe; BPH subequal to half-length of median lobe, with pair of CS; MPH with MT+CT cylindrical in proximal half, well swollen ventrally in distal half, and curved near distal 1/4, with MSp and LSp; PB swollen together with APH in elongate and slender clavate shape, with SSp; APH rudimentary, with ED on distal part; MSp minute, sparsely arranged in proximal 2/3 of MT+CT; LSp distributed in distal 1/3, small, uni-dentate, small except for dorsal area in which the spicules become obviously large; SSp minute, densely covered dominant area of PB. Female (n = 2, Figs 23���24, 40): similar to male, but thicker. LB = 14.6���16.0 mm, WB = 5.8���6.3 mm. Antenna 0.9 times as long as body length; antennomeres IV���VI with smooth and glossy area on upper surface of each base; relative lengths of each antennomere from I to XI as follows: 2.2: 0.4: 2.4: 1.3���1.4: 0.7���0.8: 0.6: 0.5���0.6: 0.5: 0.5: 0.4���0.5: 0.4. Diagnosis. This new species is very different from congeners by the following features: body elongate; elytra covered with black pubescence, scattered with several spots of whitish pubescence. It is superficially similar to Cacia (Ipocregyes) cephaloides Breuning, 1968 and C. (I.) suturevitta Breuning, 1962 from Laos, but easily distinguished from them by having vertically long lower eye lobe and mesosternal process with ridged lateral margins, instead of transverse lower eye lobe and mesosternal process with a tubercle on the center near apex in Cacia Newman, 1842. Distribution. Laos (known only from the type locality, Phou Pan). Etymology. The species name is dedicated to the excellent longicornist, Carolus Holzschuh, who kindly provided precious material for this study., Published as part of Yamasako, Junsuke & Lin, Mei-Ying, 2018, Review of the genus Metipocregyes Breuning, 1939 with two new combinations and three new species (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Mesosini), pp. 503-522 in Zootaxa 4532 (4) on pages 514-519, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4532.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2615603, {"references":["Breuning, S. (1968) Contribution a la connaissance des Lamiens du Laos (Coll. Ceramb.) 15 eme partie et fin. Bulletin de la Societe Royale des Sciences Naturelles du Laos, 16, 3 - 41, 9 figs."]}