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79. Comprehensive adsorption behavior and mechanism of PFOA and PFCs in various subsurface systems in China

Author

Liu, Guanhong, Stewart, Brittney Ashley, Yuan, Kai, Ling, Siyuan, Zhang, Meng, Wang, Guangju, Lin, Kuangfei, Liu, Guanhong, Stewart, Brittney Ashley, Yuan, Kai, Ling, Siyuan, Zhang, Meng, Wang, Guangju, and Lin, Kuangfei

Abstract

The adsorption-desorption performance of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), one of the environmentally persistent pollutants which is refractory to degrade in soil, was investigated and reported. The adsorption-desorption process of PFOA was firstly conducted using different fractions (sand, coarse silt and fine silt) of soil collected from Shanghai, China. More than 50% of PFOA (2.0 mg/L) could be adsorbed by soils while only less than 10% of which could be desorbed once contamination occurs. The kinetics and particle diffusion rates of PFOA in different fractions of soil were calculated and analyzed in detail. Apart from this, the retention of short-chained PFCs, which can be generated as degradation products of PFOA, were also measured. In single solute systems, the adsorption of pollutants in soils dramatically increased as the chain length of PFCs grew longer. Similarly, in mixed solutions, preferential adsorption of longer-chained PFCs over shorter chains in soils were sited, attributable to the stronger hydrophobicity of the pollutants. However, the desorption of them performed in reverse, where the desorption rates of longer-chained PFCs were far lower than those of shorter ones. Furthermore, influencing factors including pH, temperature and co-existing matters were studied during the adsorption process. After comprehending the adsorption behavior of PFOA in soil fractions, the situation of the adsorption of PFOA in various soils chosen from nine provinces in China was investigated and compared. There was an obvious discrepancy, whether it be from the rate or the amount of adsorption of PFOA (approximately 10%), in the nine different soils. Finally, a multiple linear regressive equation was employed to sort influencing parameters which are prone to affect the adsorption of PFOA in soils, the contribution of these are provided in order of relevance. These results demonstrate the adsorption performance and behavior of PFOA and PFCs in different soils, which can be

Published
2021

97. Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment in Plain River Network Areas Based on the Improved DRASTIC Model.

Author

ZHU Fei, XIONG Lijun, WU Jianqiang, ZHAO Yi, HUANG Jing, WEI Jixiong, and LIN Kuangfei

Abstract

The DRASTIC model is easy to use and has been widely used in groundwater vulnerability assessment at home and abroad. However, in plain river network areas, the DRASTIC model needs to be improved according to the characteristics of flat terrain and shallow groundwater depth, and its application is still limited at present. In this study, combined with the hydrogeological characteristics of plain river network areas, five indexes including groundwater depth, net recharge, aquifer thickness, hydraulic resistance and aquifer permeability coefficient were selected to improve the DRASTIC model. Based on GIS software, DRAHC model for groundwater vulnerability assessment in plain river network areas was constructed, and Shanghai was taken as an example of application for calculation and assessment. The results showed that the vulnerability of groundwater in Shanghai was generally high. According to the classification standard, "high" and "higher" accounted for 45.27% of the total area, "medium" accounted for 33.08%, and "lower" and "low" accounted for 21.65%. The results of single parameter sensitivity analysis and map removal sensitivity analysis of five indexes showed that the order of effective weights were basically the same as the theoretical weights, and each index removal had a great impact on groundwater vulnerability assessment, which showed the rationality of DRAHC model applied in plain river network areas. The results can provide a basis for groundwater resource management in Shanghai and a reference for groundwater vulnerability assessment in similar areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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