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The present endeavor is to develop a highly-intelligent catalytic reactor prototype which is able to autonomously adapt to the environment and provides an in-situ double-shift catalytic ability. By seeking inspiration from nature, this objective is achieved by developing a self-adaptive hydrogel catalytic reactor which held a catalytic trilaminar structure capable of reverse thermosensitive properties. With increasing temperatures, the catalytic tri-layers of this catalytic reactor would function in a sequential way (i.e., one negative temperature response layer, one support layer and one positive temperature response layer) and as a result, led to the single-tandem double-shift catalytic ability. This catalytic reactor individually presented single/tandem catalytic process at relatively low temperatures or high temperatures through the cooperative work of the three layers. In this way, this catalytic reactor showed the single-tandem controllable catalytic ability. The novel protocol not only provides a new solution to complicated catalytic processes but also inspires the further application of smart polymers in a broader spectrum of areas.

Pesticides are extensively applied globally. Pesticide residues induce calamitous effects on the environment and untargeted organisms. Public concerns for the safety of freshwater organisms and the challenges posed by aquatic contaminants remain high. In the present study, the acute toxicity of avermectins (AVMs) to the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii was evaluated. We also evaluated the potential effects of AVM on the biochemical and transcriptomic status of the hepatopancreas and gastrointestinal tract in P. clarkii.The 24, 48, 72, 96 h median lethal concentrations (LCWe demonstrated that the AVM induced acute toxicity, oxidative stress, osmoregulation disturbance, neurotoxicity and transcriptome imbalance in crayfish. These findings unraveled the detrimental effects of AVMs exposure on crayfish. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Stretchable electronics have attracted surging attention for next-generation smart wearables, yet traditional flexible devices fabricated on hermetical elastic substrates cannot satisfy lengthy wearing comfort and signal stability due to their poor moisture and air permeability. Herein, perspiration-wicking and luminescent on-skin electrodes are fabricated on superelastic nonwoven textiles with a Janus configuration. Through the electrospin-assisted face-to-face assembly of all-SEBS microfibers with differentiated diameters and composition, porosity and wettability asymmetry are constructed across the textile, endowing it with antigravity water transport capability for continuous sweat release. Also, the phosphor particles evenly encapsulated in the elastic fibers empower the Janus textile with stable light-emitting capability under extreme stretching in a dark environment. Additionally, the precise printing of highly conductive liquid metal (LM) circuits onto the matrix not only equips the electronic textile with broad detectability for various biophysical and electrophysiological signals but also enables successful implementation of human-machine interface (HMIs) to control a mechanical claw.

Additional file 1: Figure 1. The pedigree structures with SUD for WES.

Additional file 3: Table 1. Information of the persons from SUD families for WES.

Additional file 4: Table 2. WES results of susceptible SNVs with a focus on cardiac disease-associated genes in SUD families.

Assembling two-dimensional MXenes into 3D macroscopic structures is an applicable method to give full play to its excellent electrical and mechanical properties toward multi-functionality. Considering the weak interfacial interaction and poor gelation ability of MXenes, short polyimide nanofibers (PINFs) are utilized as cross-linking and supporting building blocks in this work to construct a lightweight, robust, and elastic PINF/Ti3C2Tx MXene composite aerogel (PINF/MA) via a simple synergistic assembly strategy. Taking advantage of its unique 3D "lamella-pillar" microporous architecture, the designed PINF/MA composite aerogel exhibits excellent piezoresistive sensing performance in terms of a wide pressure range of 0-8 kPa (50% strain), a high piezoresistive sensitivity of 22.32 kPa-1, an ultra-low detection limit of 0.1% strain, and great compression/rebound stability (signal remained stable after 1500 cycles). These remarkable piezoresistive sensing properties enable the PINF/MA with intriguing capability to detect small and large human activities in real time (wrist and finger bending, pulse, and vocal cord vibration). More interestingly, the parallelly aligned leaf vein-like lamellae also empower the PINF/MA with prominent wave absorption performance [RLmin is -40.45 dB at 15.19 GHz, with an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.66 GHz (12.34-18 GHz)], making the multi-functional PINF/MA composite aerogels promising candidates for wearable strain sensors and microwave absorbers.

The method of plugging while drilling has been one of the commonly used methods to control formation loss during drilling. The damage to materials for plugging while drilling to MWD has become a complex problem. For many years, field engineers had insufficient knowledge of the passing performance of materials for plugging while drilling in measurement while drilling (MWD). In the existing research, the blocking mechanism of materials for plugging while drilling to mud screen during the flow process is still unclear. In this study, we use computational fluid dynamics coupled with discrete element method (CFD–DEM) to investigate materials’ plugging mechanism while drilling. The results show that the migration process of lost circulation materials (LCMs) in the mud screen can be divided into three stages, displacement, retention, and accumulation of LCMs. The blocking mechanism of LCMs on the mud screen comes from two aspects. One is from the bridging of LCMs with larger particle size in the holes of the mud screen. Another source is the difference between the entry speed and the overflow speed of LCMs. The particle size and mass fraction of LCMs and the viscosity and displacement of the fluid affect the flow properties of LCMs from these two factors, respectively.

In China’s unconventional oil drilling, horizontal wells are one of the main forms of drilling, water-in-oil drilling fluid have been widely used due to their stable performance and excellent lubricating properties. To reduce the high cost of water-in-oil drilling fluids at the drilling site, further reduce the pressure of cuttings processing, and meet the requirements of environmental protection, an oil-based drilling fluid system with a low oil-water ratio was developed. Based on the research of key emulsifiers and the introduction of nanomaterials, it helps the drilling fluid system maintain the performance of the drilling fluid while increasing the water-phase ratio, and further enhances the fluid loss performance of the drilling fluid. The developed low oil-water ratio oil-based drilling fluid has been applied in the horizontal section of Jiaoye 5-3HF and Jiaoye 21-S2HF, two wells in the Fuling shale gas block in China, and successfully drilled to the designed well depth. The Marsh funnel viscosity of the drilling fluid is controlled from 63s to 78s, the plastic viscosity is lower than 40 mPa·s, the dynamic shear force is maintained at 3.5–7 pa, the high temperature and high pressure water loss is controlled below 2.6 ml, and the demulsification voltage is stable above 600v; the properties of the drilling fluid Excellent, meeting the requirements of on-site drilling construction. Compared with the conventional oil-water ratio system, the oil-based drilling fluid system with low oil-water ratio can greatly reduce the oil content, which can meet the requirements of on-site drilling and save the cost of oil-based drilling fluid to a large extent. It can reduce the pressure of environmental protection to a certain extent.

Summary Observational studies on dietary or circulating magnesium and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) stage 1–4 have reported no-to-modest inverse associations. 24 h Urinary magnesium concentration (24 h UMg), an indicator of intestinal magnesium absorption, may provide better insight into the connection of CKD progression. We examined 3179 participants aged 18–74 years with CKD stage 1–4 in the Chinese Cohort Study of Chronic Kidney Disease (C-STRIDE) study, a prospective population-based cohort study. Data were analysed using Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients for all comparisons. We also performed a time-to-event analysis of the data using the Kaplan–Meier survival model, Cox proportional hazard model and competing risk Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard model. During a median follow-up of 4.19 years (interquartile range, 3.43–5.09 years), when modelling end-stage renal disease (ESRD), CVD and death, 24 h UMg was associated with risk of CVD (HR, 1.612 (95% CI, 1.056–2.460)), while no significant association with ESRD and death endpoints could be detected. 24 h UMg risk variants display a modest association with CVD in CKD stage 1–4 patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03041987. Registered January 1, 2012. (retrospectively registered) ( https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03041987?term=Chinese+Cohort+Study+of+Chronic+Kidney+Disease+%28C-STRIDE%29&rank=1 ).

Plant invasion is one of the most serious threats to ecosystems worldwide. When invasive plants with the ability of clonal growth invading or colonizing in new habitat, their interconnected ramets may suffer from heterogeneous light. Effects of clonal integration on allelopathy of invasive plants are poorly understood under heterogeneous light conditions. To investigate the effects of clonal integration on allelopathy of invasive plant Wedelia trilobata under heterogeneous light conditions, a pot experiment was conducted by using its clonal fragments with two successive ramets. The older ramets were exposed to full light, whereas the younger ones were subjected to 20% full light. The younger ramets of each clonal fragment were adjacently grown with a target plant (one tomato seedling) in a pot. Stolon between two successive ramets was either severed or retained intact. In addition, two tomato seedlings (one as target plant) were adjacently grown in a pot as contrast. Compared with severing stolon, biomass accumulation, foliar chlorophyll and nitrogen contents, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and net photosynthetic rates of the target plants as well as their root length and activity, were significantly decreased when stolon between interconnected ramets of W. trilobata retained intact. Under heterogeneous light conditions, transportation or sharing of carbohydrate between two successive ramets enhanced allelopathy of the young ramets subjected to 20% full light treatment. It is suggested that clonal integration may be important for invasion or colonization of invasive plants with ability of clonal growth under heterogeneous light conditions.

Offshore oil- and gas-field development is shifting from shallow water to deepwater on a large scale. Deepwater shallow bentonite slurry drilling fluid has a single composition and a simple structure. Therefore, the bentonite slurry drilling fluid has been neglected for the shallow wellbore strengthening ability. Based on the shallow geological characteristics and bentonite hydration mechanism, considering the economy and application effect, the optimization of bentonite slurry drilling fluid from four aspects of viscosity enhancement, adsorption, trapping, and physical plugging to carry out deepwater shallow wellbore strengthening research has been undertaken. For an indoor simulation of bentonite slurry and its drilling slurry-making process using a 2-10% mass concentration of bentonite slurry drilling fluid, laser particle size analysis found an interesting phenomenon different from the traditional understanding: for every 5% increase in particle size accumulation in the range of 0.1-100 μm, the bentonite slurry particle size increases linearly. Based on this interesting phenomenon, the basic performance of drilling fluids with different concentrations of bentonite slurry was evaluated. Experiments were conducted to introduce cationic emulsified asphalt as a deformation filler and to explore a new inexpensive drilling and wellbore strengthening material, AEH-P. The effectiveness of deepwater shallow strengthening was evaluated for AEH-P and cationic emulsified asphalt from both mechanistic and experimental aspects. It is obvious that the wellbore strengthening effect is the result of both particle settling and particle size matching. By exploring the relationship among bentonite slurry hydration dispersion, the charged nature, particle concentration, and the wellbore strengthening effect, a set of low-cost deepwater shallow bentonite slurry drilling fluids with a good wellbore strengthening effect are constructed. The research results provide a method to strengthen the wellbore for the subsequent fast and efficient drilling of deepwater shallow wells, further improving the drilling efficiency.

Zero-dimensional (0D) all-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites, particularly Cs

The development of high-performance microwave absorption materials with strong absorption capacity and broad bandwidth is highly desirable in the field of electromagnetic pollution protection. Herein, polyimide/graphene composite foam with a multi-hierarchical impedance gradient structure has been precisely designed and controllably constructed by two-step vacuum impregnation, which effectively facilitates further attenuation of electromagnetic waves entering the graphene skeleton due to the generation of interfacial polarization relaxation and internal multiple reflection/scattering, thereby endowing it with excellent broadband microwave absorption performance. Meanwhile, the microwave absorption performance can be controllably adjusted by optimizing the impedance gradient of the skeleton. As a result, the optimized PI–GP–rGO composite foam exhibits a minimum reflection loss of −32.87 dB with an effective bandwidth of 6.22 GHz (8.26–14.48 GHz) at 10.39 GHz when the thickness is 4.0 mm.

In this study, the purification and characterization of a novel polysaccharide-based bioflocculant BM2 produced by a bacterium Bacillus megaterium strain PL8 with self-flocculating property were investigated. The results showed that BM2 was an acidic polysaccharide composed of Gal, GalUA, Glc, GlcUA and Man at a molar ratio of 45.1: 33.8:9.3:9.2:2.4, respectively. The molecular weight of BM2 was 4.55 × 106 Da. BM2 had high flocculation efficiencies across a wide pH ranged from 4 to 11 and a wide temperature ranged from 20 to 100 °C towards kaolin clay. BM2 was a cation-independent bioflocculant which could achieve high flocculation activity without the addition of other cations. Adsorption bridging was the main mechanism in the flocculation process of BM2 towards kaolin clay. The BM2 also displayed a high removal efficiency in terms of Congo red (88.14%) and Pb2+ ions (82.64%). These results suggested that BM2 had a great potential as an efficient bioflocculant candidate in wastewater treatment.

A ternary complex combining dual-phase perovskites - Cs4PbBr6/CsPbBr3 (DP-CPB) with ZnSe micropsheres (ZnSe-DP-CPB) was successfully prepared using supersaturated recrystallization technique at room temperature. It was showed that the DP-CPB composites were partially embedded in ZnSe microsphere composed with ZnSe NCs. The light absorption range of ZnSe-DP-CPB composites was extended from visible to near infrared light. Highly enhanced luminescence from ZnSe-DP-CPB composite was observed and the excitation power-dependent photoluminescence showed that the recombination involves excitons. The recombination lifetimes of the ternary composites increased compared with DP-CPB composite, indicating that the non-radiative combination was suppressed which may be possibly due to the decrease of both bulk and surface defects, owing to the passivation of ZnSe, as well as the suitable band alignments of these three components. The ternary complex also showed improved stability of photoluminescence (PL), which opens a new avenue for enhancing the stability of PL and optoelectronic applications for semiconductor-perovskite composites.

Residual feed intake (RFI) is defined as the difference between the observed and expected feed intake for maintenance and growth requirements. In this study, the expression profiles of mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) from skeletal muscle in Duroc pigs with divergent RFI phenotypes were investigated by Illumina sequencing. Finally, a total of 2195 annotated lncRNAs and 1976 novel lncRNAs were obtained. About 210 mRNAs and 43 lncRNAs were differentially expressed among high and low RFI pigs. The differentially expressed mRNAs were potentially involved in the biological processes of lipid metabolism, extracellular matrix organization, cell proliferation, and cell adhesion. The lipolysis in skeletal muscle was increased in high RFI pigs, suggesting that high RFI pigs might need more energy than low RFI pigs. However, skeletal muscle development was increased in low RFI pigs. These results suggested that low RFI pigs might be more efficient in energy utilization during skeletal muscle growth. The function of lncRNA was also analyzed by target prediction. Nine lncRNAs might be candidate lncRNAs for the determination of RFI phenotype, by the regulation of the biological processes of lipid metabolism, cell proliferation, and cell adhesion. This study should facilitate a further understanding of the molecular mechanism for the determination of RFI phenotype in pigs.