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57. Characterization of taro [#Colocasia esculenta# (L.) Schott] germplasm for improved flavonoid composition and content

Author

Lebot, Vincent, Lawac, Floriane, Michalet, Serge, Legendre, Laurent, Lebot, Vincent, Lawac, Floriane, Michalet, Serge, and Legendre, Laurent

Abstract

The starchy corms of taro (Colocasia esculenta) are consumed throughout the tropics and are essential for food security in many developing countries. Taro corms are increasingly processed into fries, chips, flours or flakes in urban areas, and varieties with attractive corm flesh colours are now needed. The identification of flavonoids in taro corms would add value to this crop. The present study developed a high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) protocol for the high-throughput screening of flavonoids in taro germplasm. Overall, 350 different accessions were analysed including 259 varieties from Vanuatu, one from Vietnam, eight from Thailand, eight from the Philippines, six from Malaysia, two from Japan and 18 from Indonesia. Forty-eight breeding lines (hybrids) including 21 from Vanuatu, 21 from Samoa, four from Hawaii and two from Papua New Guinea were also analysed. Ten flavones, namely luteolin-6-C-hexoside-8-C-pentoside, schaftoside, luteolin-3′,7-di-O-glucoside, homoorientin, isovitexin, orientin, luteolin-4′-O-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, vitexin and apigenin-7-O-glucoside, were successfully detected in the corm and are responsible for the attractive yellow colour of the flesh and fibres. Quantitatively, luteolin-6-C-hexoside-8-C-pentoside and schaftoside were the most important of all the detected flavonoids. However, only 18% of the varieties analysed presented these two compounds and 80% presented poor flavonoid composition. No geographical structure of the variation was detected and the most flavone-rich varieties originated from Vanuatu, Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia. The compounds detected in the present study were significantly and positively correlated, suggesting that there is potential for fast improvement through controlled crosses, subsequent evaluation of full-sib progenies and cloning of elite individuals. (Résumé d'auteur)

Published
2017

58. Plant-microbes interactions in the rhizosphere of maize inoculated with Azospirillum lipoferum CRT1: implications for soil N-cycling microorganisms

Author

Florio, Alessandro, Pommier, Thomas, Gervaix, Jonathan, Legendre, Laurent, Le Roux, Xavier, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Société Française d'Ecologie (SFE). FRA. Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie Marine et Continentale (IMBE), FRA. Aix Marseille Université (AMU), FRA. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FRA. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), FRA. Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse (UAPV), FRA., ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)

Subjects
denitrification, maïs, maize, soil microbial ecology, nitrification, microorganisme du sol, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, cycle de l'azote, nitrogen cycle, inoculation, carbone du sol, Azospirillum, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, carbon limitation
Abstract

Plant-microbes interactions in the rhizosphere of maize inoculated with Azospirillum lipoferum CRT1: implications for soil N-cycling microorganisms. Sfécologie-2016, International Conference of Ecological Sciences

Published
2016

63. Rhizosphere: a leverage for tolerance to water deficits of soil microflora ?

Author

Ruy, Stephane, Coronel, Anaïs, Toussaint, Bruce, Czarnes, Sonia, LEGENDRE, Laurent, Doussan, Claude, Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Geosciences Union, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, complex mixtures
Abstract

International audience; Microbial soil communities play a fundamental role in soil organic matter mineralization, which is a key process for plant nutrition, growth and production in agro-ecosystems. A number of these microbial processes take place in the rhizosphere: the soil zone influenced by plant roots activity, which is a "hotspot " of biological and physico-chemical activity, transfers and biomass production. The knowledge of rhizosphere processes is however still scanty, especially regarding the interactions between physico-chemical processes occurring there and soil microorganisms. The rhizosphere is a place where soil aggregates are more stable, and where bulk density, porosity, water and nutrients transfer are modified with respect to the bulk soil (e.g. because of production of mucilage, of which exo-polysaccharides (EPS) produced by roots and microorganisms. During a maize field experiment, rhizospheric soil (i.e. soil strongly adhering to maize roots) and bulk soil were sampled twice in spring and summer. These soil samples were characterized for physicochemical parameters (water retention curves and analysis of exopolysaccarides) and microflora (microbial biomass, catabolic capacities of the microbial communities assessed with the MicroRespTM technique, stability of soil microbial respiration faced to a heat-drought disturbance). We observed differences between rhizospheric and bulk soils for all parameters studied: Rhizospheric soils showed higher microbial biomasses, higher quantities of exopolysaccarides and a higher water retention capacity compared to bulk soil measurements. Moreover, microbial soil respiration showed a higher stability confronted to heat-drought stress in the rhizospheric soils compared to bulk soils. Results were more pronounced during summer compared to spring. Globally these data obtained from field suggest that in a changing climate conditions, the specific physico-biological conditions in the rhizosphere partially linked to exopolysaccarides, could induce stability (Resistance, Resilience) of soil microbial communities towards stresses, in particular severe drought. The knowledge of these interactions in the rhizosphere between local hydric soil properties and microbial behaviour facing drought, could allow a better understanding of the functioning of agro-ecosystems for their management in a changing climate.

Published
2015

64. Crop systems and plant roots can modify the soil water holding capacity

Author

Doussan, Claude, Cousin, Isabelle, Berard, Annette, Chabbi, Abad, LEGENDRE, Laurent, Czarnes, Sonia, Toussaint, Bruce, Ruy, Stephane, Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Ecologie Mircobienne, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, système racinaire, réserve en eau du sol, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], rotation des cultures, flux hydrique, disponibilité en eau, Agricultural sciences, rétention d'eau, propriété hydrique du sol, système de culture, rhizosphère, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Sciences agricoles
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

65. Rhizosphere: a leverage for tolerance to water deficits of soil microflora ?

Author

Berard, Annette, Ruy, Stéphane, Coronel, Anaïs, Toussaint, Bruce, Czarnes, Sonia, LEGENDRE, Laurent, Doussan, Claude, Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie Mircobienne, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, biomasse racinaire, exopolysaccharide, transport racinaire d'eau, propriété hydrique du sol, microflore du sol, rhizosphère, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Sciences agricoles, Agricultural sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

66. Do Plant Roots Modify The Soil Water Retention Properties of Rhizospheric Soil ? Evidences from the field and controlled conditions

Author

Doussan, Claude, Berard, Annette, Czarnes, Sonia, LEGENDRE, Laurent, Le Gouis, Jacques, Ruy, Stephane, GUIX, Noëlle, Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), AGU, American Geophysical Union, Etats-Unis, Université de Lyon (COMUE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, American Geophysical Union (AGU). USA., ProdInra, Migration, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Pillet, Lauriane

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Soils/pedology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], food and beverages, complex mixtures, Ecosystems, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Eco-hydrology, structure and dynamics, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, Plant ecology
Abstract

International audience; Regulation of water fluxes in soil and plant water uptake are strongly dependent on the hydric properties of the soil. However, these hydric properties might be changed, in turn, by plant roots growing into the soil. Such root-related alteration of soil properties, particularly water retention, can be linked to soil perforation, aggregation of soil particles, release of exudates by roots modifying the soil particles/water properties. This effect could be more pronounced in the rhizosphere, the thin zone around roots influenced by the activity of root and associated microorganisms, and thus differentiating bulk and rhizospheric soil properties. To test if crops and plant root rhizosphere may have a significant effect on water retention, we conducted experiments from laboratory to field scales, covering various time scales. In the field, the alteration of water retention by root systems was tested in different pedological settings for maize and wheat crops. A range of variation in water retention was evidenced, with a consistent increase of 0.01-0.03 g/g of the permanent wilting point in the rhizospheric soil compared to bulk soil. This rhizospheric effect of soil water retention can be related to exopolysaccharides concentration for plant reaching flowering stage. However, this was not the case for younger plant stages, where indicators of the microbial activity appears more linked to water retention variations. Tests conducted with wheat grown in pots in green house controlled condition also shown variations in retention of rhizospheric soil compared to bulk soil (from 0.01 to 0.05 g/g). The amplitude of those variations depended not only on soil type, but also on the wheat varieties with contrasting root development. Even if alteration of soil water retention by roots looks modest in the field, this could mitigate drought impacts or modify the water balance of the root zone. How and how much plants modify the hydric properties, however, deserves further research.

Published
2014

67. A phylogeny of Lentibulariaceae based on sequences of matK and adjacent noncoding regions

Author

MULLER, KAI, BORSCH, THOMAS, LEGENDRE, LAURENT, POREMBSKI, STEFAN, and BARTHLOTT, WILHELM

Subjects
Angiosperms -- Research, Phylogeny (Botany) -- Research, Plant genetics -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

The carnivorous angiosperm family Lentibulariaceae comprises about 280 species in 3 genera (Utricularia, Pinguicula, Genlisea) and is of nearly worldwide distribution. It belongs to the order Lamiales within euasterids. From representatives of Lentibulariaceae and different outgroup taxa of the Lamiales the whole trnK intron including the matK gene was sequenced. The size of the matK coding region in Lentibulariaceae ranges between 1521 and 1581 bp. Size differences are caused by indels from 3 - 36 bp, which accumulate in the first half of the gene. The length of the noncoding region adjacent to the 5' end of matK is 729 - 780 bp, and of the region adjacent to the 3' end 305 - 330 bp. Sequence variability within Lentibulariaceae is 23% for the coding region as compared to 27% for the noncoding region. For the large 5' noncoding region a robust alignment was obtained, whereas the short 3' region could not be aligned all over due to high numbers of indels. Parsimony analyses based on substitutions and carried out independently for the matK gene and the long 5' noncoding region yielded identical, well resolved phylogenies with high bootstrap and decay support. The matK indels appear to be highly informative phylogenetically and seem to be much less homoplastic than substitutions. Lentibulariaceae appear monophyletic and Byblis is resolved as closest relative. Within Lentibulariaceae, Pinguicula diverges first and its species appear as a terminal clade on a long branch. Genlisea is sister to Utricularia with quite similar branch-lengths within the topology of the Genlisea-Utricularia-clade.

Published
2000

68. A genome-editing custom service by tale nucleases for zebrafish model

Author

Edouard, Joanne, Charpentier, Marine, Barbachou, Sosthène, Renaud, J. B., Haye, Céline, Dijoux, Emmanuel, De Cian, A., Legendre, Laurent, Concordet, J. P., de Crozé, Noémie, Joly, Jean-Stephane, Giovannengeli, C., Sohm, Frédéric, Plateforme d'ingénierie génétique des animaux modèles (AMAGEN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Gif-sur-Yvette, USC CNRS jeune équipe Développement, Evolution et Plasticité du Système Nerveux (DEPSN), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014
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72. Low sclareol by-product of clary sage concrete: chemical analysis of a waste product of the perfume industry

Author

Laville, R., Castel, C., Fattarsi, K., Roy, C., Legendre, Laurent, Delbecque, C., Garry, P.-P., Audran, A., Fernandez, X., Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)

Subjects
UPLC-QToF, Avant CESN, by-product valorization, TAG, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], concrete, Salvia sclarea
Abstract

International audience; In line with the sustainable development objectives of the Claryssime\textregistered research programme, a by-product of Salvia sclarea concrete (low sclareol by-product) obtained from industrial sclareol purification, was subjected to full chemical fractionation, characterization and assessment of its economic potential as a by-product synergy candidate. Fractionation and intensive semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography isolation led to the characterization of several compounds that belong to different metabolite families, including flavonoids [salvigenin (3), 1.8%], diterpenoids [sclareol (6), 4.6%] and triterpenoids [oleanolic acid (10), 6.2%], and triacylglycerols (60.8%). The triacylglycerol fraction was further studied: its total fatty acid content was analysed by gas chromatography\textendashmass spectrometry and all the triacylglycerols were described by ultra-performance liquid chromatography\textendashquadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QToF) analysis. The reproducibility of the low sclareol by-product chemical composition was assessed and validated by quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography\textendashevaporative light scattering detector analysis and its evolution during the process was investigated via the analysis of a rich sclareol by-product. Such an analytical approach, from the improved fractionation to the triacylglycerol analysis via UPLC-QToF, can be applied to many industrial concretes or other by-products from natural ingredient extraction. Copyright \textcopyright 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2013
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73. New Amphilectane diterpene hydrocarbons from \textitSalvia sclarea L.: biosynthetic considerations

Author

Laville, R., Castel, C., Filippi, J. J., Delbecque, C., Audran, A., Garry, P. P., Legendre, Laurent, Fernandez, X., Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), and Lyon 1, Depot 1

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Avant CESN, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Published
2012

74. Chemotypic variation explaining traditional selection of tropical root crops in Vanuatu, South Pacific

Author

Champagne, Antoine, Bernillon, Stéphane, Hilbert, Ghislaine, Legendre, Laurent, and Lebot, Vincent

Subjects
F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétales, food and beverages, Q04 - Composition des produits alimentaires, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
Abstract

Understanding chemical variations in edible plant organs is essential for a better understanding of crop genetic diversity in traditional fields as well as for selection. Among tropical root crop species, high variation has been shown in the composition and content of isoprenoids and flavonoids. The purpose of this work was to identify relations between local preferences, primary compound and secondary metabolite contents, to attempt characterizing a good cultivar according to traditional customs and knowledge. A core-collection of about 500 cultivars was built to represent the widest agro-morphological variability, and analyses were made for percentage of dry matter, starch, minerals, cellulose, proteins and total sugars. In terms of primary compounds, very high coefficients of variation were found for protein, total sugar, cellulose and mineral contents, while starch exhibited the lowest variation. Starch content was always positively correlated with dry matter content, whereas it was negatively correlated with protein, mineral, total sugar and cellulose contents significant at 0.01% level. Through blind tests on organoleptic properties, local consumers were shown to prefer consuming their national dish with high starch and dry matter content, giving a particular cultivar high value in the eyes of local consumers. In contrast, preferences for daily consumption of boiled or roasted tubers were linked to average starch content, indicating great opportunities for improvement of others primary compound contents. Interestingly, isoprenoids content were strongly correlated to flavonol and flavanol contents among yam species, while phenolic acids content exhibited positive correlation with anthocyanins. This work suggests biofortification opportunities in isoprenoids and flavonoids content by colour-based selection. The database we established will help breeders improve micronutrient contents and health benefits of such staple foods. (Texte intégral)

Published
2009

80. Biofortification of taro (Colocasia esculenta) through breeding for increased contents in carotenoids and anthocyanins

Author

Champagne, Antoine, Legendre, Laurent, Lebot, Vincent, Champagne, Antoine, Legendre, Laurent, and Lebot, Vincent

Abstract

Biofortification of taro (Colocasia esculenta) has never been studied. The aim of the present study is to compare the chemical compositions and individual constituent contents for major compounds (starch, sugars, cellulose, proteins, minerals), carotenoids and anthocyanins between parents and hybrids selected first for their agronomic performance and second for their corm characteristics (flesh colour, quality and taste). For major compounds, 45 selected hybrids were compared to 66 cultivars and for carotenoids and anthocyanins, 34 selected hybrids were compared to 79 cultivars. All plants were planted the same day within the same plot and harvested together to avoid environmental factors effects. Total sugars, cellulose and minerals contents presented moderate increases in hybrids. Carotenoids and anthocyanins contents were correlated with corm flesh colours. Anthocyanins contents could not be increased in the selected hybrids. However, total carotenoids contents were increased by more than four folds in the hybrids. The results of this study indicate that carotenoids contents can be rapidly improved by selecting plants of good agronomic performance and corm shape with increased density of yellow and orange colours. Potential applications to taro breeding programmes are discussed.

Published
2012

81. Influence of grapevine cultivation practices on berry PR-protein accumulation and botrytis cinerea infection

Author

VÉZY, Benoît, Manteau, Sébastien, Lambert, Bernard, Panon, Marie-Laure, Rinville, Christelle, Panigai, Laurent, Moncomble, Dominique, Legendre, Laurent, Comité Interprofessionnel du Vin de Champagne (CIVC), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), and VÉZY, Benoît

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Chitinases, Grey mold, PR PROTEINS, pourriture grise, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Botrytis cinerea, [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, [SDV.BV.AP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, Champagne France, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], [SDV.BBM.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], [SDV.BV.PEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Vineyard experiments
Abstract

International audience

Published
2000

82. Carotenoid profiling of tropical root crop chemotypes from Vanuatu, South Pacific

Author

Champagne, Antoine, Bernillon, Stéphane, Moing, Annick, Rolin, Dominique, Legendre, Laurent, Lebot, Vincent, Champagne, Antoine, Bernillon, Stéphane, Moing, Annick, Rolin, Dominique, Legendre, Laurent, and Lebot, Vincent

Abstract

Tropical root and tuber crops are staple foods in developing countries where they are the main source of carbohydrates and a potential source of secondary metabolites such as carotenoids. Enhancing carotenoid content has considerable potential for improving human nutrition in these areas. Except for cassava and sweet potato, carotenoid content has not been evaluated in large germplasm collections. We describe a simple HPLC-DAD-based protocol for the reliable characterization of carotenoids in root crops. Less than 5% variation in carotenoid contentwas found among samples collected from tubers of the same plant or from clones of the same genotype. Carotenoids were evaluated in 153 accessions representing 10 different species. Each species had a specific profile of carotenoids, and accessions of the same species differed greatly in their individual content. The database assembled during this study represents a useful tool for nutritionists and breeders working on biofortification of root crops with carotenoids.

Published
2010

83. Chemotype Profiling To Guide Breeders and Explore Traditional Selection of Tropical Root Crops in Vanuatu, South Pacific

Author

UCL - Autre, Champagne, Antoine, Legendre, Laurent, Lebot, Vincent, UCL - Autre, Champagne, Antoine, Legendre, Laurent, and Lebot, Vincent

Abstract

The objectives of the present study were to characterize good-quality cultivars, identify relationships between local eating preferences and primary compound content, and reveal biofortification potential in tropical root crop species aroids, yams, cassava, and sweet potato. A core sample of about 500 cultivars was assembled to represent the widest agro-morphological diversity. Very high coefficients of variation were found within species for proteins, sugars, cellulose, and mineral contents, whereas starch exhibited the lowest variation. Starch content was negatively correlated with other primary compound contents. For the national dish in Vanuatu, consumers prefer cultivars with high starch content. In contrast, preferences for daily consumption of boiled or roasted tubers are linked to average starch content, indicating great potential for improving primary compounds. Interestingly, relationships between flesh color and requirements for the traditional dish were revealed, suggesting opportunities for biofortification. The data produced will assist breeders in adopting appropriate biofortification strategies.

Published
2009

84. Profils métaboliques de plantes tropicales à racines et tubercules du Vanouatou, (Mélanésie)

Author

Champagne, Antoine, Bernillon, Stéphane, Moing, Annick, Legendre, Laurent, Rolin, Dominique, Lebot, Vincent, Champagne, Antoine, Bernillon, Stéphane, Moing, Annick, Legendre, Laurent, Rolin, Dominique, and Lebot, Vincent

Abstract

Etant donné l'importance des plantes à racines et tubercules dans de nombreux pays tropicaux, il serait grandement utile pour l'amélioration génétique des cultures de rente ou vivrières, de disposer de données précises sur les compositions chimiques des génotypes qui seront sélectionnés sur leurs valeurs propres. Ce travail porte essentiellement sur des plantes, qui sont d'un intérêt majeur pour les pays des régions tropicales: le taro, Colocasia esculenta; le macabo, Xanthosoma sagittifolium; l'alocase, Alocasia macrorrhyza; des ignames, Dioscorea alata, D. bulbifera, D. esculenta, D. cayenensis, D. pentaphylla; la patate douce, Ipomoea batatas; le manioc, Manhiot esculenta. Selon les variétés, les organes de stockage présentent des couleurs très variées, allant du blanc au violet foncé en passant par le jaune, l'orange, le rose, le rouge et le violet. Ces organes peuvent être de couleur uniforme, bicolore, voire tricolore, parfois, avec des fibres colorées ou non. Ces couleurs sont associées à des métabolites secondaires, des pigments, présents en concentrations variables, notamment des isoprénoïdes responsables de couleurs allant du jaune au rouge. C'est le subtil mélange de ces molécules qui donne les diverses couleurs de chair observées. Un échantillon représentant les principales plantes à racines et tubercules consommées en Mélanésie, et au Vanouatou en particulier, a été choisi pour constituer un large spectre de plantes appartenant à quatre familles botaniques différentes. Dans une optique de sélection de ces plantes tropicales, le travail porte donc sur l'étude de la variabilité inter-spécifique des profils métaboliques. L'amélioration de plantes à multiplication végétative passe, en effet, par le choix judicieux de parents ainsi que par le criblage de grands nombres au niveau des descendances. 163 échantillons lyophilisés ont été extraits et les profils réalisés par CLHP, puis les teneurs et compositions ont été déterminées à l'aide d'un détecteur à barre

Published
2008

86. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and root system functioning

Author

Vacheron, Jordan, primary, Desbrosses, Guilhem, additional, Bouffaud, Marie-Lara, additional, Touraine, Bruno, additional, Moënne-Loccoz, Yvan, additional, Muller, Daniel, additional, Legendre, Laurent, additional, Wisniewski-Dyé, Florence, additional, and Prigent-Combaret, Claire, additional

Published
2013
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97. Lavender inflorescence

Author

Guitton, Yann, primary, Nicolè, Florence, additional, Moja, Sandrine, additional, Benabdelkader, Tarek, additional, Valot, Nadine, additional, Legrand, Sylvain, additional, Jullien, Frédéric, additional, and Legendre, Laurent, additional

Published
2010
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99. One-step identification of conserved miRNAs, their targets, potential transcription factors and effector genes of complete secondary metabolism pathways after 454 pyrosequencing of calyx cDNAs from the Labiate Salvia sclarea L

Author

Legrand, Sylvain, primary, Valot, Nadine, additional, Nicolé, Florence, additional, Moja, Sandrine, additional, Baudino, Sylvie, additional, Jullien, Frédéric, additional, Magnard, Jean-Louis, additional, Caissard, Jean-Claude, additional, and Legendre, Laurent, additional

Published
2010
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